Gio n Tin hc 8

Ngy son : 07/01/2012 Ngy dy : 8A:12-01-12; 8B:09-01-12; 8C:10-01-12

Tit 37:

BI 7: Cu lnh lp
I. Mc tiu:

1. Kin thc: - Bit nhu cu cn c cu lnh lp trong ngn ng lp trnh. - Bit ngn ng lp trnh dng cu trc lp ch dn my tnh thc hin lp i lp li cng vic no mt s ln. - Hiu hot ng ca cu lnh lp vi s ln bit tr- c for .do trong pascal. 2. K nng: Vit ng - c lnh for.. to ..do trong mt s tnh hung n gin. 3.Thi : Thi hc tp nghim tc, tch cc lm cc dng bi tp ng dng. II. Ph- ng php: - Thuyt trnh, chia nhm nghin cu lm bi tp, vn p.
III. chun b ca GV, HS

1. Chun b ca GV: - Gio n, SGK, phng my, phn mm pascal 2. Chun b ca HS: - SGK, v ghi, bt
IV. Tin Trnh ln lp:

1. n nh lp (1) 2. Kim tra bi c. (5): Trnh by cu trc ca cu lnh r nhnh trong pascal, nu ngha hot ng ca cu lnh? Tr li: Cu trc r nhnh trong Pascal c 2 dng thiu v . If <k> then < cu lnh> v If <k> then < cu lnh 1> else < cu lnh 2> Hot ng: Dng thiu. Khi gp cu lnh K my tnh s kim tra <k> nu ng th < cu lnh> s - c thc hin, nu sai th b b qua Dng : Khi gp cu lnh K my tnh s kim tra <k> nu ng th < cu lnh 1> s - c thc hin, nu sai th <cu lnh 2> s - c thc hin. 3. Bi mi: (35)
Hot ng ca gv v hs Ni dung ghi bng

Hot ng 1: Cc cng vic phi thc hin nhiu ln (5) ?Hng ngy chng ta th- ng phi 1. Cc cng vic phi thc hin nhiu ln lm mt s vic lp i lp li mt s - Cng vic khng bit tr- c s ln lp li: ln, em hy ly v d v mt s vic hc bi cho n khi thuc ht cc bi, hng ngy em phi lm - Cng vic bit tr- c s ln lp: i hc - HS: mt em ly mt s v d mi sng 5 tit, mi ngy tp 7 bi th dc - GV: Ghi v d ca hc sinh ln bui sng, nh rng mi ngy 3 ln, bng => ch cho my tnh thc hin ng - HS: mt em khc ly thm mt s cng vic, trong nhiu tr- ng hp khi vit v d mt ch- ng trnh my tnh chng ta cng

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
? Qua nhng v d cc bn va ly ra trn bng th nhng cng vic no chng ta bit tr- c s ln lp i lp li v cng vic no chng ta ch- a bit s ln lp li ca n? - HS: Tch v d thnh hai loi (mt loi bit tr- c s ln lp v mt loi ch- a bit s ln lp ) - GV: Nhn xt v cht li. phi vit lp li nhiu cu lnh thc hin mt php tnh nht nh. VD1: tnh 5 s t nhin u tin ta c th vit nh- sau: begin i=0; Tong:=0; i:=i+1; Tong:=Tong+i; i:=i+1; Tong:=Tong+i; i:=i+1; Tong:=Tong+i; i:=i+1; Tong:=Tong+i; i:=i+1; Tong:=Tong+i; Readln; end. Hot ng 2: Cu lnh lp - mt lnh thay cho nhiu lnh (15) -HS: nghin cu v d 1 SGK - 56,57. 2. Cu ln lp - mt lnh thay cho nhiu - GV: phn tch v d 1. lnh - HS: Nghe, nghi chp VD1: V 3 hnh vung ging nhau. - HS: M t li thut ton, phn tch - thut ton (SGK T56,57) thut ton. VD2: Tnh tng ca 100 s t nhin u ? Qua hai v d trn, cc em hy ch tin. ra nhng cng vic - c lp i lp - thut ton: ( nghin cu bi hc s 5) li? => Kt lun: - Cng m t cc hot ng -HS: Ch ra cng vic lp li vd1 v lp trong thut ton nh- trong 2 v d trn vd2 - c gi l cu trc lp. - GV: Kt lun. - Mi ngn ng lp trnh u c cch ch th cho my tnh thc hin cu trc lp vi mt cu lnh. l cu lnh lp. Hot ng 3: V d v cu lnh lp (15) - GV: Trnh by cu trc vng lp 3. V d v cu lnh lp For ..to..do - Trong pascal cu lnh lp c dng: - HS: Ghi cu trc vng lp vo v. +Cu lnh lp dng tin: GV: Gii thch tng thnh phn trong For <bin m>:= <gi tr u> to <gi tr cu trc lnh. cui> do <cu lnh>; -HS: Nghe, ghi chp. Trong : for, to, do l cc t kho, Bin GV: vn dng cu lnh vit vng lp m l bin n c kiu nguyn (c th l cho v d 1 phn 1 kiu k t hoc kiu on con) Var i, tong: integer; Gi tr u, gi tr cui l s c th hoc l Begin biu thc c kiu cng kiu vi bin m, Tong:=0; gi tr cui phi ln hn gi tr u. For i: = 1 to 5 do Cu lnh c th l cu lnh n hoc cu Tong:= tong + i; lnh kp. Write(tong=,tong); - Cu lnh s - c thc hin nhiu ln, mi Readln; ln thc hin cu lnh l mt ln lp v sau End. mi ln lp bin m s t ng tng ln 1 GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
n v, tng cho n khi gi tr ca bin m ln hn gi tr cui th vng lp - c dng li. 5. Cng c (2) Gio vin h thng li ton b ni dung bi hc 6. Dn d hc sinh v nh (1) Hc k l thuyt, vit ch- ng trnh tnh tng 100 s t nhin, N s t nhin u tin.

Ngy son : 10/01/2012 Ngy dy : 8A:14-01-12; 8B:14-01-12; 8C :14-01-12

Tit 38:

Bi 7: Cu lnh lp (tip)
I. Mc tiu: 1. Kin thc: - Hiu hot ng ca cu lnh lp vi s ln bit tr- c - Hiu cu lnh ghp trong NNLT Pascal. 2. K nng: bit kt hp cu lnh ghp v cu lnh lp for..to..do vo gii quyt mt s bi ton. 3. Thi Thi hc tp nghim tc, tch cc lm cc dng bi tp ng dng. II. Ph- ng php: - Thuyt trnh, chia nhm nghin cu lm bi tp, vn p. III. chun b ca GV, HS 1. Chun b ca GV: - Gio n, SGK, phng my, phn mm pascal 2. Chun b ca HS: - SGK, v ghi, bt IV. Tin Trnh ln lp: 1. n nh lp (1) 2. Kim tra bi c. (5) ? Trnh by cu trc ca cu lnh lp vi s ln bit tr- c trong pascal, nu ngha ca cc thnh phn trong cu trc? 3. Vo bi mi: (1) vn dng tt hn cu lnh lp chng ta s cng nghin cu bi hc ngy hm nay. Gio vin ghi nhanh tn bi ln bng. 4. Bi mi: (35)
Hot ng ca thy v tr Ni dung ghi bng

Hot ng 1: V d v cu lnh lp. (15) -GV: Trnh by cu trc ca cu lnh lp 3. V d v cu lnh lp (tip) li trong pascal - Cu trc ca cu lnh lp li: For ..downto.do For <bin m>:= <gi tr cui> downto <gi tr u> do <cu lnh>; HS: Ghi chp cu trc vo v GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
GV: Gii thch hot ng ca cu ln. - HS: c v tm hiu ch- ng trnh - HS: mt em ng ti ch phn tch hot ng ca v d. - HS: Cc em khc tho lun v cho kin. - GV: cho chy ch- ng trnh mu g tr- c trong my, yu cu hc sinh quan st kt qu. - GV: Gii thch kt qu ca ch- ng trnh - Cu lnh s - c thc hin nhiu ln, mi ln thc hin cu lnh l mt ln lp v sau mi ln lp bin m s t ng gim i1 n v, gim cho n khi gi tr ca bin m nh hn gi tr u th vng lp - c dng li. -s ln lp = gi tr cui-gi tr u+1 => for do l cu trc lp vi s ln lp bit tr- c. - V d 3 (SGK-58) in ra mn hnh th t ln lp. Program lap; Var i: integer; Begin For i:=1 to 10 do - HS: c v tm hiu ch- ng trnh Writeln(day la lan lap thu, i); - HS: mt em ng ti ch phn tch hot Readln; ng ca v d. End. - HS: Cc em khc tho lun v cho - VD4 (SGK-58) Vit ch- ng trnh - a kin. ra mn hnh nhng ch 0 theo hnh - GV: Trnh by cu trc cu lnh ghp trng ri. - HS: Nghe, ghi chp. Program trung_roi; - GV: cho chy ch- ng trnh mu g Uses crt; tr- c trong my, yu cu hc sinh quan Var i: integer; st kt qu. Begin - GV: Gii thch kt qu ca ch- ng Clrscr; trnh For i:=1 to 10 do begin Writeln(0); delay(100); end; Readln; End. - Tp hp cc cu lnh con - c t trong cp t kho begin end; - c gi l cu lnh ghp. Hot ng 2: Tnh tng v tch bng cu lnh lp (20) - GV: - a bi ln bng 4. Tnh tng v tch bng cu lnh lp - HS: 1 em ln bng lm vd5, 1 em ln V d 5. Tnh tng ca N s t nhin lm vd6.(m t thut ton) (5) u tin. d- i lp c cem lm bi theo nhm, (Ch- ng trnh SGK) mi dy lm mt bi, dy gia lm vd5 V d 6. Tnh day th- a ca N s t - HS: i din ca mi dy nhn xt nhin u tin. thut ton trn bng. (Ch- ng trnh SGK) GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
-GV: Gip HS sa li ng thut ton -HS: 2 em ln bng vit ch- ng trnh cho 2 bi. (5) - HS: d- i hot ng theo nhm, chia dy nh- ban u. - HS: i din mi dy nhn xt bi vit trn bng. GV: Gip hc sinh sa ch- ng trnh cho ng v chy ch- ng trnh trn my. - HS: Quan st kt qu. 5. Cng c (2) HS c ghi nh SGK, gio vin tng kt nh gi bui hc. 6. Dn d hc sinh v nh (1). V nh lm bi tp trang 60-61.

Ngy son : 16/01/2012 Ngy dy : 8A:19-01-12; 8B :16-01-12; 8C:17-01-12 ;

Tit 39 : Bi thc hnh 5:

S dng lnh lp for TO ..do

I. Mc tiu: 1. Kin thc Vn dng kin thc ca vng lp forto do vit ch- ng trnh. 2. K nng. Vit - c ch- ng trnh c s dng vng lp for to do; S dng - c cu lnh ghp; Rn luyn k nng c hiu ch- ng trnh c s dng vng lp for to... do. 3. Thi : Thi hc tp nghim tc, tch cc lm cc bi tp thc hnh. II. Ph- ng php: chia nhm nghin cu lm bi tp, vn p. III. chun b ca GV, HS 1. Chun b ca GV: - Gio n, SGK, phng my, phn mm pascal 2. Chun b ca HS: - SGK, v ghi, bt IV. Tin Trnh ln lp: 1. n nh lp (1) 2. Vo bi mi: (1) Chng ta nghin cu l thuyt v vng lp for to... do. bit vng lp chy nh- th no th hm nay chng ta cng nhau i vo tit thc hnh. Gio vin ghi tn bi hc ln bng. GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
4. Bi mi: (35)
Hot ng ca GV v hs Ni dung ghi bng

Hot ng 1: Vit ch- ng trnh cho cc bi tp cho v nh. (15) Bi 1: Tnh tng ca n s t nhin u tin - GV: yu cu mi dy g mt bi Program tinh_tong; vo my (10)
Uses crt; Var i, n: integer; tong: longin; Begin - HS: g ch- ng trnh, chy th Clrscr; Tong:=0; ch- ng trnh, v bo co kt qu. - GV: h tr hc sinh trong qu trnh Writeln(Nhap vao so n); readln(n); For i:=1 to n do thc hnh. Tong: = Tong+i; Writeln(Tong ca, n,so tu nhien dautien la,tong); - Sau khi kt qu chy ch- ng trnh Readln; ng, gv yu cu hc sinh cha bi End.

ca mnh lm nh cho ng theo 2. Vit ch- ng trnh tm xem c bao nhiu s d- ng trong n s nhp vo t ch- ng trnh chy. bn phm Program tinh_so_cac_so_duong; Uses crt; Var i,A, dem, n: integer; Begin Clrscr; Dem:=0; Writeln(Nhap vao so n); readln(n); For i:=1 to n do begin writeln(nhap vao so thu,i); readln(A); if A>0 then dem:=dem+1; end; Writeln(So cac so duong la,dem); Readln; End. Hot ng 2: Bng cu ch- ng. - GV: - a ra ni dung ca bi ton. Bi 2: Vit ch- ng trnh in ra mn hnh bng nhn ca mt s t 1 n 9, v - HS: Nghin cu bi ton, tm input dng mn hnh c th quan st kt v output. qu. - GV: - a ni dung ch- ng trnh ln Program Bang_cuu_chuong; mn hnh, yu cu hc sinh c Uses crt; GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
hiu ch- ng trnh. - HS: c, phn tch cu lnh tm hiu hot ng ca ch- ng trnh. - GV: yu cu mt hc sinh ng ti v tr trnh by hot ng ca ch- ng trnh, cc nhm khc cng tham gia phn tch. - HS: tham gia hot ng ca gio vin - GV: yu cu hc sinh lp bng hot ng ca ch- ng trnh theo mu: Gi s N=2: B- c i i<=10 Writeln(n,.,i,=,n*i) 1 1 ng 2.1=2 HS: cc nhm lp bng v i din nhm bo co kt qu. GV: nhn xt. GV: cho ch- ng trnh chy trn my, yu cu hc sinh quan st kt qu. 5. Cng c (2) Nhn xt, rt kinh nghim tit thc hnh 6. Dn d hc sinh v nh (1) v nh xem tr- c bi thc hnh 2 SGK (T63) vit ch- ng trnh in ra mn hnh bng cu ch- ng t 2 n 9. Var i, n: integer; Begin Clrscr; Writeln(Nhap vao so n); readln(n); Writeln(Bang nha,n); Writeln; For i:=1 to 10 do Writeln(n,x,i:2,=,n*i:3); Readln; End.

Ngy son : 18/01/2012 Ngy dy :8A:02-02-12; 8B:30-01-12; 8C:31-01-12

Tit 40 Bi thc hnh 5:

S dng lnh lp for to...do

I. Mc tiu: 1. Kin thc Vn dng kin thc ca vng lp forto do, cu lnh ghp vit ch- ng trnh, tm hiu cu lnh gotoxy(), where<>, lnh for lng trong for 2. K nng. Vit ch- ng trnh c s dng vng lp for todo; S dng cu lnh ghp trong ch- ng trnh; Rn luyn k nng c hiu ch- ng trnh c s dng vng lp for to... do. 3. Thi : Thi hc tp nghim tc, tch cc lm cc bi thc hnh. II. Ph- ng php: chia nhm nghin cu lm bi tp, vn p. GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
III. chun b ca GV, HS 1. Chun b ca GV: - Gio n, SGK, phng my, phn mm pascal 2. Chun b ca HS: - SGK, v ghi, bt IV. Tin Trnh ln lp: 1. n nh lp (1) 2. Kim tra bi c. (kim tra xen trong bi thc hnh) 3. Vo bi mi: (1). Gio vin vo bi 4. Bi mi: (40)
Hot ng ca GV v hs Ni dung ghi bng

Hot ng 1: Lm p mn hnh kt qu bng lnh gotoxy, where (20) - Gio vin cho chy kt qu ca Bi 2 sgk (T63) bi thc hnh Bang_cuu_chuong a) Gii thiu lnh gotoxy(), wherex Yu cu hc sinh quan st kt - Gotoxy(a,b) qu v nhn xt khong cch gia Trong : a l ch s ct, b l ch s hng cc hng, ct. - ngha ca cu lnh l - a con tr v - HS: quan st v - a ra nhn xt. ct a hng b. - ? C cch no khong cch - Wherex: cho bit s th t ca ct, gia cc hng v cc ct tng wherey cho bit s th t ca hng. * L- u : Phi khai bo th- vin crt tr- c ln? khi s dng hai lnh trn - GV: Gii thiu cu lnh gotoxy a) Chnh sa ch- ng trnh nh- sau: v where. Program Bang_cuu_chuong; - GV: yu cu hc sinh m ch- ng Uses crt; trnh Bang_cuu_ch- ng v sa li Var i, n: integer; ch- ng trnh theo bi trn mn Begin hnh ca gio vin. Clrscr; - HS: g ch- ng trnh vo my, sa Writeln(Nhap vao so n); readln(n); li chnh t, chy ch- ng trnh, Writeln(Bang nha,n); Writeln; quan st kt qu. For i:=1 to 10 do - GV: yu cu hc sinh quan st begin kt qu v so snh vi kt qu ca gotoxy(5, wherey); ch- ng trinh khi ch- a dng lnh Writeln(n,x,i:2,=,n*i:3); gotoxy(5, wherey) Readln; End. - HS: quan st v nhn xt.

Hot ng 2: s dng lnh For lng trong for (20) - GV: gii thiu cu trc lnh for Bi 3 SGK (T64). lng, h- ng dn hc sinh cch s a) Cu lnh for lng trong for - For <bin m1:= gi tr u> to <gi tr GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
cui>

dng lnh. - HS: ghi chp cu trc v lnh hi - GV: - a ni dung ch- ng trnh bi thc hnh 3 ln mn hnh, yu cu hc sinh c ch- ng trnh, tm hiu hot ng ca ch- ng trnh.

do For <bin m 2:=gi tr u> to <gi tr cu> do

< cu lnh>;

Program Tao_bang; Uses crt; Var i,j: byte; Begin - HS: hot ng theo nhm, tm Clrscr; For i:=1 to 9 do hiu hot ng ca ch- ng trinh, Begin i din ca nhm bo co kt For j:=0 to 9 do qu tho lun. Writeln(10*i+j:4); - GV: cho chy ch- ng trnh. Writeln; End; - HS : quan st kt qu trn mn Readln; hnh. End. Hot ng 3: Kt thc (2) HS: tt ch- ng trnh ng dng, tt my; dn dp phng thc hnh. 5. Dn d hc sinh v nh (1) Nhn xt rt kinh nghim gi thc hnh. Hc sinh v nh s dng lnh gotoxy chnh sa li bi thc hnh s 3 cho kt qu in ra mn hnh p.

Ngy son : Ngy dy :

02/02/2012 8A:04-02-12; 8B:04-02-12; 8C:04-02-12;

Tit 41: Bi 8 :

Lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c

I.Mc tiu:

+ Bit nhu cu cn c cu trc lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c trong ngn ng lp trnh; + Bit ngn ng lp trnh dng cu trc lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c ch dn my tnh thc hin lp i lp li cng vic n khi mt iu kin no - c tho mn;
II. Chun b

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
GV: SGK, my chiu, phim trong cc v d v ch- ng trnh HS: Xem tr- c bi nh
III. Tin trnh bi ging

1. n nh p 2. Kim tra bi c Vit thut ton tnh tng 100 s t nhin u tin Tr li B- c 1. SUM 0; i 0. B- c 2. i i + 1. B- c 3. Nu i 100, th SUM SUM + i v quay li b- c 2. B- c 4. Thng bo kt qu v kt thc thut ton. G : t vn Vi bi ton trn, trong TP ta s dng vng lp for..to..do th s thc hin d dng . Nh- ng nu ta thay s 100 bi n (tnh tng n s t nhin u tin t) th ta s gp nhiu kh khn trong vic s dng vng lp fortodo bi lc ny s ln lp khng bit tr- c. Vy ta phi lm nh- th no? Gii thiu bi mi . 3. Bi mi
Hot ng ca gv v hs Ghi bng

+ G : y/c hs c v d 1sgk/67 + Hs : 2-3 hs c v d sgk + G : Phn tch v d + Hs : Ch lng nghe + G : y/c hs c v d 1sgk/67 + Hs : 2-3 hs c v d sgk + G : Phn tch v d + Hs : ch lng nghe + G : Hng dn hs xy dng thut ton + Hs : Nghe gio vin hng dn, sau t xy dng thut ton + G : Chy tay cho hc sinh xem ( Ch nn chy tay th t 1 n 10 ) + Hs : Ch nghe . Hs ghi v v d 2

1. Cc hot ng lp vi s ln cha bit trc a/ V d 1(sgk).

b/ V d 2 : Nu cng ln lt n s t nhin u tin (n = 1, 2, 3,...), Cn cng bao nhiu s t nhin u tin ta nhn c tng Tn nh nht ln hn 1000?

Gii : K hiu S l tng cn tm v ta c thut ton nh sau:

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
+ Bc 1. S 0, n 0. + Bc 2. Nu S 1000, n n + 1; ngc li chuyn ti bc 4. + Bc 3. S S + n v quay li bc 2. + Bc 4. In kt qu : S v n l s t nhin nh nht sao cho S > 1000. Kt thc thut ton. * Ta c s khi :

+ G : Gii thiu s khi

+ G : Nu nhn xt * Nhn xt : vit chng trnh ch dn my tnh thc hin cc hot ng lp nh trong cc v d trn, ta c th s dng cu lnh c dng lp vi s ln cha bit trc

+ G : C th s dng lnh lp vi s ln lp cha bit trc trong cc chng trnh lp trnh . Sau y ta xt cu lnh v v d trong TP

+ G : Gii thiu c php lnh while do .; + hs : ch nghe v ghi chp

2. V d v lnh lp vi s ln cha bit trc Trong Pascal cu lnh lp vi s ln cha bit trc c dng: while <iu kin> do <cu lnh>; trong : - iu kin thng l mt php so snh; - cu lnh c th l cu lnh n gin hay cu lnh ghp. Cu lnh lp ny c thc hin nh sau: Bc 1 : Kim tra iu kin. Bc 2 : Nu iu kin SAI, cu lnh s b b qua v vic thc hin lnh lp kt thc. Nu iu kin ng, thc hin cu

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
lnh v quay li bc 1. V d 3. + G : Xt v d 3 Chng ta bit rng, nu n cng ln th Error! Objects cannot be created from editing field codes. cng nh, nhng lun lun ln hn 0. Vi gi tr no ca n th Error! Objects cannot be created from editing field codes. < 0.005 hoc Error! Objects cannot be created from editing field codes. < 0.003 ? ( Gv a phim trong v d 3 ) + Hs : c v d 3 ( Phim trong) Vi gi tr no ca n ( n>o ) th 0.005 hoc
1 < n 1 < 0.003? Chng trnh n 1 di y tnh s n nh nht nh n

hn mt sai s cho trc : uses crt; var x: real; n: integer; const sai_so=0.003; begin clrscr; + G : gii thiu chng trnh mu sgk ( x:=1; n:=1; Gio vin in chng trnh mu trn while x>=sai_so do begin n:=n+1; phim trong ) x:=1/n end; + Hs : quan st writeln('So n nho nhat de 1/n < + G : Chy tay cho hc sinh xem ',sai_so:5:4, 'la ',n); + Hs : ch nghe v t chy tay li readln + G : Yu cu hc sinh m my tnh v end. m chng trnh v d 3 ( gio vin chun b chng trnh mu v a ln cc my ) + Hs : thc hin + G : Cho hc sinh chy chng trnh trn my + Hs : thc hin + G : Yu cu hs thay iu kin sai_so = 0.003 thnh 0.002 ; 0.001 ; 0.005 ; ... + Hs : thc hin
4.cng c

- Ghi nh sgk - Lm bi tp 2,3a,bi 5 SGK/71

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
Ngy son : Ngy dy : 04/02/2012 8A:09-02-12; 8B:06-02-12; 8C:07/02/12

Tit 42 : Bi 8

Lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c

I.Mc tiu:

+ Hiu hot ng ca cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c while...do trong Pascal. + Vn dng vng lp while..do vit ch- ng trnh n gin
II. Chun b

GV: SGK, my chiu, phim trong cc v d v ch- ng trnh HS: Xem tr- c bi nh
III. Tin trnh bi ging

1. n nh p 2.Bi mi
Hot ng ca HS v gv Ghi bng

+ G : Y/c hs nhc li c php cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c + H : tr li + G : ta tip tc xt cc v d m trong ch- ng trnh c cu lnh vi s ln lp ch- a bit tr- c Xt v d 4 + G : Cho hc sinh quan st phim trong ch- ng trnh + Hs : quan st + G : Chy tay cho hc sinh xem + Hs : ch nghe v t chy tay li + G : Yu cu hc sinh m my tnh v m ch- ng trnh v d 4 (gio vin chun b ch- ng trnh mu v - a ln cc my g) + Hs : thc hin + G : Cho hc sinh chy ch- ng trnh trn my + Hs : thc hin + G : chy ch- ng trnh ny, ta nhn - c gi tr ntn? + Hs : Nu chy ch- ng trnh ny ta s

V d 4. Ch- ng trnh Pascal d- i y th hin thut ton tnh s n trong v d 2:

var S,n: integer; begin S:=0; n:=1; while S<=1000 do begin n:=n+1; S:=S+n end; writeln('So n nho nhat de tong > 1000 la ',n); writeln('Tong dau tien > 1000 la ',S); end.

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
nhn - c n = 45 v tng u tin ln hn 1000 l 1034. + G : gii thiu v d 5 sgk Vit ch- ng trnh tnh tng
1 1 1 T 1 ... 2 3 100

+ G : Cho hc sinh quan st phim trong ch- ng trnh + Hs : quan st + G : Chy tay (c hai ch- ng trnh c) cho hc sinh xem + Hs : ch nghe v t chy tay li + G : so snh kt qu khi chy hai ch- ng trnh + Hs : Kt qu bng nhau

V d 5. Vit ch- ng trnh tnh tng

1 1 1 T 1 ... 2 3 100

Gii: vit ch- ng trnh tnh tng

1 1 1 T 1 ... ta c th s dng 2 3 100

+ G : V d ny cho thy rng chng ta c th s dng cu lnh whiledo thay cho cu lnh fordo. + G : Gii thiu phn 3 + G : Khi vit ch- ng trnh s dng cu trc lp cn ch trnh to nn vng lp khng bao gi kt thc + Hs : Ch nghe + G : Chng hn, ch- ng trnh d- i y s lp li v tn: var a:integer; begin a:=5; while a<6 do writeln('A'); end. + Hs : Quan st + G : Trong ch- ng trnh trn, gi tr ca bin a lun lun bng 5, iu kin a<6 lun lun ng nn lnh writeln('A') lun - c thc hin. Do vy, khi thc hin vng lp, iu kin trong cu lnh phi - c thay i

lnh lp vi s ln lp bit tr- c fordo: T:=0; for i:=1 to 100 do T:=T+1/i; writeln(T); Nu s dng lnh lp whiledo, on ch- ng trnh d- i y cng cho cng mt kt qu: T:=0; i:=1; while i<=100 do begin T:=T+1/i; i:=i+1 end; writeln(T); * Nhn xt: V d ny cho thy rng chng ta c th s dng cu lnh whiledo thay cho cu lnh fordo. 3. Lp v hn ln Li lp trnh cn trnh Khi vit ch- ng trnh s dng cu trc lp cn ch trnh to nn vng lp khng bao gi kt thc.

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now!

Gio n Tin hc 8
sm hay mun gi tr ca iu kin - c chuyn t ng sang sai. Ch nhth ch- ng trnh mi khng "ri" vo nhng "vng lp v tn". + Hs : Ch nghe
4. cng c

- Ghi nh sgk - Lm bi tp SGK/71

Ngy son : Ngy dy :

07/02/2012 8A:11-02-12; 8B:11-02-12; 8C:11/02/12

Tit 43 :

Bi thc hnh 6

S dng lnh lp while..do

I. Mc tiu:

1. Kin thc - Hiu cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c trong ch- ng trnh c sn - Bit la chn cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c hoc lp vi s ln bit tr- c ph hp vi tnh hung c th 2. K nng. - rn luyn k nng khai bo bin - rn luyn kh nng c hiu ch- ng trnh, tm hiu tc dng ca tng cu lnh - bit vai tr ca vic kt hp cc cu trc iu khin 3. Thi : Thi hc tp nghim tc, tch cc lm cc bi tp thc hnh. II. Ph- ng php: chia nhm nghin cu lm bi tp, vn p.
III. chun b ca GV, HS

1. Chun b ca GV: - Gio n, SGK, phng my, phn mm pascal 2. Chun b ca HS: - SGK, v ghi, bt
IV. Tin Trnh ln lp:

1. n nh lp (1) 2. Vo bi mi: (1) Chng ta nghin cu l thuyt v vng lp while do, hm nay chng ta thc hin mt s bi tp s dng lnh lp while..do 4. Bi mi: (35) GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012
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Gio n Tin hc 8
Hot ng ca GV v hs Ni dung ghi bng

Hot ng 1: Bi tp 1 Bi 1: vit ch- ng trnh s dng lnh While..do tnh trung bnh cng ca N - H- ng dn hc sinh khai bo cc bin, s t nhin u tin vi N t bn phm kiu d liu ca cc bin: bin N Program tinh_trung_binh; cha gi tr nhp vo, bin i lm bin Uses crt; chy, bin tb l- u gi tr trung bnh. Var i,n: integer; - ta thc hin nh- sau tb: real; + nhp gi tr N Begin + cng tt c cc gi tr nguyn t 1 Clrscr; cho n N tb:=0; i:=0; + ly gi tr tng chia cho N th ta - c Writeln(Nhap vao so n); readln(n); gi tr trung bnh cng. while i<=n do begin i: = i+1; tb:=tb+i; - y chng ta l- u rng chng ta End; phi c cu lnh lm tng gi tr bin Tb:=tb/n; m i sau mt s vng lp th iu Write(Trung binh cua , n, so la , kin i<= N s t ng chuyn thnh sai tb:10:2); Readln; End. Hot ng 2: so snh gia vng lp for v vng lp while S dng vng lp for..to..do vit Program tinh_trung_binh; ch- ng trnh cho bi tp 1. rt ra kt Uses crt; qu so snh gia vng lp xc nh for Var i,n: integer; v vng lp while? tb: real; - c hai u s dng bin m Begin - vng lp for th bin m t ng tng Clrscr; t <gt u> cho n <gt cui> cn vng tb:=0; lp while th bin m khng t ng Writeln(Nhap vao so n); readln(n); tng m ta phi c cu lnh lm thay for i:=1 to N do tb:=tb+i; i gi tr bin m -> sau t kha do Tb:=tb/n; ca vng lp while lun l lnh ghp. Write(Trung binh cua , n, so la , - c nhng bi ton chng ta c th s tb:10:2); Readln; dng vng lp while thay cho vng lp End. for nh- ng ng- c li th ch- a hn
V. Dn d:

- Cc em v nh xem li c php vng lp while..do; xem tr- c bi thc hnh 6 - hy chuyn cc v d thc hin vi vng lp for..to..do sang thc hin vi vng lp while

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
Ngy son : Ngy dy : 11/02/2012 8A:16-02-12; 8B:13-02-12; 8C:14/02/12

Tit 44:

Bi thc hnh 6

S dng lnh lp while..do

I. Mc tiu:

1. Kin thc - Hiu cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c trong ch- ng trnh c sn - Bit la chn cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c hoc lp vi s ln bit tr- c ph hp vi tnh hung c th 2. K nng. - rn luyn k nng khai bo bin - rn luyn kh nng c hiu ch- ng trnh, tm hiu tc dng ca tng cu lnh - bit vai tr ca vic kt hp cc cu trc iu khin 3. Thi : Thi hc tp nghim tc, tch cc lm cc bi tp thc hnh. II. Ph- ng php: chia nhm nghin cu lm bi tp, vn p.
III. chun b ca GV, HS

1. Chun b ca GV: - Gio n, SGK, phng my, phn mm pascal 2. Chun b ca HS: - SGK, v ghi, bt
IV. Tin Trnh ln lp:

Hot ng ca GV

Hot ng ca HS

Hot ng 1: Bi tp 2 (45) GV: - a ra ni dung ca bi Bi 2: vit ch- ng trnh nhn bit mt s c phi l s nguyn t hay khng vi n ton. HS: Nghin cu bi ton, tm l s nguyn - c nhp t bn phm Program so_nguyen_to; input v output. Uses crt; GV: - a ni dung ch- ng trnh Var i, n: integer; ln mn hnh, yu cu hc sinh Begin c hiu ch- ng trnh. Clrscr; HS: c, phn tch cu lnh tm Writeln(Nhap vao so n); readln(n); hiu hot ng ca ch- ng trnh. If n<=1 then Writeln(n,ko la so ngto) else begin GV: yu cu mt hc sinh ng ti v tr trnh by hot ng ca i:=2; GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
ch- ng trnh, cc nhm khc while n mod i <>0 do i:=i+1; cng tham gia phn tch. if i=n then Writeln(n,la so ngto) - HS: tham gia hot ng ca gio else writeln(n,ko la so ngto); end; vin Readln; - GV: yu cu hc sinh lp bng End. hot ng ca ch- ng trnh theo mu: - HS g, chy ch- ng trnh kim tra vi cc s khc nhau; tm hiu tng cu lnh trong ch- ng trnh - nu cc nhm lm xong tr- c thi gian c th thc hin cc bi trong cc v d 3,4,5 trang 69,70 SGK Hot ng 2: Nhn xt, nh gi tit hc - nhn xt thi ca cc nhm - v sinh phng thc hnh

Ngy son : Ngy dy :

15/02/2012 8A :18-02-12; 8B:18-02-12; 8C:18/02/12

Tit 45:

Bi Tp
A. Mc tiu: +) Bit nhu cu cn c cu trc lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c trong ngn ng lp trnh; +) Bit ngn ng lp trnh dng cu trc lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c ch dn my tnh thc hin lp i lp li cng vic n khi mt iu kin no - c tho mn; +) Hiu hot ng ca cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a bit tr- c.

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
+) Bit sa li v vit - c ch- ng trnh n gin.
B. Chun b:

1. Gio vin: Son bi, c ti liu tham kho, dng c dy hc. 2. Hc sinh: c tr- c bi, lm cc bi tp, dng c hc tp.
C. Tin trnh tit dy:

1. n nh t chc lp: - Kim tra s s: 2. Kim tra bi c: - Kim tra vic chun b bi nh ca hc sinh trong v. 3. Dy bi mi:
hot ng ca gv v hs Ni dung kin thc

Hot ng 1: Bi tp 2: (trang 71 SGK) Hy pht biu s khc bit gia cu lnh lp vi s ln lp cho tr- c v cu lnh lp vi s ln lp ch- a bit tr- c.

GV: H- ng dn HS lm bi tp 3. +) Hy tm hiu cc thut ton sau y v cho bit khi thc hin thut ton, my tnh s bao nhiu vng lp? Khi kt thc, gi tr ca S bng bao nhiu? Vit ch- ng trnh Pascal th hin cc thut ton !

HS: Tr li yu cu ca GV. Bi tp 2: +) Nh- tn gi ca n, cu lnh lp vi s ln lp cho tr- c ch th cho my tnh thc hin mt lnh hoc mt nhm lnh vi s ln - c xc nh t tr- c, cn vi cu lnh lp vi s ln lp ch- a bit tr- c th s ln lp ch- a - c xc nh tr- c. +) Trong cu lnh lp vi s ln cho tr- c, iu kin l gi tr ca mt bin m c gi tr nguyn t - c gi tr ln nht hay ch- a, cn trong cu lnh lp vi s ln lp ch- a bit tr- c, iu kin tng qut hn nhiu, c th l kim tra mt gi tr ca mt s thc, cng c th l mt iu kin tng qut khc, v d nhmt s c chia ht cho 3 hay khng,... +) Trong cu lnh lp vi s ln cho tr- c, cu lnh - c thc hin t nht mt ln, sau kim tra iu kin. Trong cu lnh lp vi s ln ch- a xc nh tr- c, tr- c ht iu kin - c kim tra. Nu iu kin - c tha mn, cu lnh mi - c thc hin. Do c th c tr- ng hp cu lnh hon ton khng - c thc hin. Bi 3: a) Thut ton 1: 10 vng lp - c thc hin. Khi kt thc thut ton S = 5.0.

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

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Gio n Tin hc 8
a) Thut ton 1 B- c 1. S 10, x 0.5. B- c 2. Nu S 5.2, chuyn ti b- c 4. B- c 3. S S x v quay li b- c 2. B- c 4. Thng bo S v kt thc thut ton. b) Thut ton 2 B- c 1. S 10, n 0. B- c 2. Nu S 10, chuyn ti b- c 4. B- c 3. n n + 3, S S n quay li b- c 2. B- c 4. Thng bo S v kt thc thut ton. Cho nhn xt ca em! Hot ng 2: H- ng dn v nh: Xem li cc bi lm, lm tip cc bi cn li, tit sau lm tip cc dng BT. on ch- ng trnh Pascal t- ng ng: S:=10; x:=0.5; while S>5.2 do S:=S-x; writeln(S); b) Thut ton 2: Khng vng lp no - c thc hin v ngay t u iu kin khng - c tha mn nn cc b- c 2 v 3 b b qua. S = 10 khi kt thc thut ton. on ch- ng trnh Pascal t- ng ng: S:=10; n:=0; while S<10 do begin n:=n+3; S:=S-n end; writeln(S); Nhn xt: Trong cc thut ton v ch- ng trnh trn, iu kin - c kim tra tr- c khi cc b- c lp - c thc hin. Do nu iu kin khng - c tha mn ngay t u, cc b- c lp s b b qua. iu ny c bit ng i vi cu lnh lp while..do.

GV: inh Xun Tng Nm hc 2011-2012

pdfMachine Is a pdf writer that produces quality PDF files with ease! Produce quality PDF files in seconds and preserve the integrity of your original documents. Compatible across nearly all Windows platforms, if you can print from a windows application you can use pdfMachine. Get yours now!