Ch : CC YU T NH HNG N HIU SUT P HIU SUT P Khi nim

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Hiu sut p l t l phn trm lng ng sacaroza ly ra c khi cy ma so vi lng ngsacarza c trong cy ma.K hiu E n v tnh % L s liu quan trong nh gi kh nng lm vic ca phn xng p, n nh gi hiu qu thu hi ng t ma khi qua dn p. Hin nay hiu sut p cc nh my thng t t 92 97%. 2. Cng thc tnh hiu sut p Lng ng trong nc ma hn hp E = Lng ng c trong ma Hoc Lng ng trong nc ma hn hp x Pol nc ma hn hp E = Lng ng c trong ma 3. Hiu sut p hiu chnh: V hm lng cht x trong ma nh hng ln n hiu sut p, do nh gi hiu sut p cc nh my khc nhau Hip hi ma ng quc t quy nh thnh phn x trong ma l 12.5%. a. Khi nim: Mt dn my p bt k:--Khi p ma c %x l f th t c hiu sut p l E. Nay gi s chuyn sang p ma tiu chun c % x l 12,5 m t l x 100 ,(%) x 100 ,(%)

nc ma tuyt i mt trongx nh c th hiu sut p lc ny c gi l hiu sut p hiu chnh. K hiu E12,5 n v tnh % b. Cng thc tnh hiu sut p hiu chnh

Vy ta c hiu sut p hiu chnh c tnh nh sau: 100 (100 E)(100 F) E 12.5 = 7F Trong : E 12.5: Hiu sut p hiu chnh E: Hiu sut p F: Phn x trong ma II CC YU T NH HNG N HIU SUT P 1. X l nc ma trc khi p: Trc khi p, ma c x l bng cc bin php: san bng, bm ma, nh ti nh vy lm tng hiu sut p. Mc x nh, x ti cao, hiu sut p tng hay ni cch khc h s x l ma cao, hiu sut p tng. Tuy nhin hnh dng mnh vn ma sau khi x cng nh hng ln ti hiu sut p. Nu dng bt th khi p thot nc ma km, nc ma kh thot ra khi lp ma, nn lm gim kh nng lyht ng ra khi ma. Tt nht l x ma thnh dng si, dng ny thng thong cao, ncma thot ra d dng, cng c li cho vic pht huy hiu qu thm thu. 2. Mnh vn ma dng si nng cao hiu sut p hn dng bt. S lng trc p:

S lng trc p nhiu ng ngha vi ma c p nhiu ln do hiu sut p ma tng, tuy nhin mc tng hiu sut p khng t l theo ng thng m ch tng nhanh t 2 15 trc, t trc th 16 tr i hiu sut p tng rt t. 3. Tc quay ca trc p: C nh hng tng i r n hiu sut p. Tht vy, vi chiu dy lp ma nht nh nu ta tng tc quay ca trc p th hiu sut p s gim. Tuy nhin s thay i ny l rt nh nu ta s dng tc trc quay di 5 vng/pht. Khi tng tc p, nng sut p khng i th hiu sut p s tng Khi tng tc p, nng sut p tng th hiu sut p gim Mc tc ng n hiu sut p rt nh khi tc p < 5 vng/pht p lc trc nh: Khi p lc trc nh tng, kh nng ly nc ma tng, hiu sut p tng. p lc nn trc nh tng t 0 148.105 N/m2 , hiu sut p tng nhanh. p lc nn trcnh > 148.105 N/m2 , hiu sut p tng chm. Ap lc nn trong khong t 196.105 245.105 c li v kinh t, an ton trong sn xut. Khi hm lng x trong ma cao, c th tng p lc nn t hiu sut p cao. 5. Dng nc Thm thu: C tc dng ln n hiu sut p, nu lng nc thm thu tng th hiu sut p tng. p c s dng nc thm thu th hiu sut p tng ln rt nhiu so vi p kh Lng nc thm thu nhiu, hiu sut p tng. Nhit nc thm thu cao, hiu sut p tng.

4.

Thc nghim cho thy: lng nc gp i khi lng x l hiu qu, nhit ti u 55-650C ti x: Sc ti x l trng lng x trn mt n v din tch v bi mt trong cc l p khi quay. Sc ti x t l thun vi chiu dy ca lp b, t so snh nng lc lm vic ca hai my p c ung knh khc nhau ta phi qui ra sc ti x so vi ng knh. T sinh ra khi nim ti x. ti x = q/D kg/m2 /m -> kg/ m3 Xt nh hng ca sc ti x l xt n nh hng chung ca dn p. Lng p thc t Sc lm vic ca my p = Kh nng l thuyt ca dn p Khi tng sc lm vic ca dn p th hiu sut p li gim i Khi ti x tng s lm cho hiu sut p gim Nu ti x tng ln 10% th hiu sut p gim 0,17% Tnh trng my p: My p hay h hng, hiu sut p gim V trc p b mn, hiu sut p gim Cng nhn vn hnh: Cng nhn c trnh k thut v kinh nghim s gp phn nng cao hiu sut p.

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