CC THNG S TRONG BNG RENDER VRAY

Wednesday, December 3, 2008 11:24:51 AM Bi hng dn ny s gii thiu mt cch tng qut nht v cc thit lp thng s ca V-Ray renderer. Bi hc cng s gii thiu s qua cch s dng cc bng thng nh Global Illumination, raytracing, antialiasing, displacement v gip bn qun quen vi cc thut ng trc khi bt u s dng V-Ray. Phin bn V-Ray m ti s dng l 1.47.03. 1. t V-Ray l b renderer ra sn phm M bng render settings. Ko xung mc current renderer rollout v n vo nt assign chn renderer l V-Ray t danh sch hin ra.

Sau khi V-Ray tr thnh renderer chnh thc, bn s thy s thay i cc mc ln trn, tan b cc thng s thit lp cho Vray s nm trong mc Render. 2. V-Ray frame buffer Khi c bt, V-Ray frame buffer thay th cho b m khung hnh o ti a. V-Ray frame buffer c nhiu thng s la chn hn iu chnh hu k ca nh v rt nhiu ty chn th v khc. Trong bng ny, bn c th iu chnh kch thc ca n bng cch tt thng s get resolution from max. Render vi nh gc ca V-Ray cho php bn c th render nh vi phn gii rt cao, m khng tiu tn tan b s RAM qu gi ca bn.

Vic s dng V-Ray frame buffer nn ch khi bn rt thnh thc vi V-Ray. ng ch ti n nu bn mi s dng V-Ray.

3. V-Ray global switches Ti bng ny, bn c th iu khin v p thng s tng th cho nhiu thit lp ring ca Vray, bng ny thng c s dng chnh trong vic tng tc render th. Bn c th tt tt c cc thng s displacement, lights, lights ban u ca 3ds max, lights n v bng (shadows) bng cch tt du kim cc mc tng t Mc dont render final image khi s dng s t V-Ray l tnh tan duy nht cho GI (v d mc irradiance map chng hn) m khng thc s render c bc . Bt hay tt tt c Phn chiu v khc x trong cnh bng cch bt/tt nt kim tng ng. Rt hiu qu cho vic th nghim. Thng s max depth iu khin su ca phn chiu v khc x (s ln tia sng c phn chiu/khc x trc khi n b b qua trong qu trnh d tia). Bn cng c th tt tan b ha , b lc ca ha ,... Hiu ng chi sng hay lm nhe ca Phn chiu/khc x. Thng s Override material c th c s dng t cho tt c cc i tng trong cnh c cngung mt vt liu. Secondary ray bias: Mt thng s khng s dng nhiu v bn c th xem trong hng dn i km.

4. Image sampler (Antialiasing) Trong In V-Ray, bn c th chn gia 3 kiu to mu cho nh tnh ton kh rng ca. Fixed rate l phng php rt d on trc kt qu, tuy nhin y li l phng php chm nht. S dng phng n ny nu c qu nhiu vt liu s dng hiu ng chi sng glossy hay s dng bng theo vng (area shadows), nhe chuyn ng (motion blur) ... Subdivs cao hn ngha l cht lng cao hn v thi gian render cng lu hn. Adaptive QMC l kiu c a dng nht. ng nh tn gi ca n, y l phng php ly mu theo iu chnh, n s iu chnh tnh ton ca n cho ph hp vi hon cnh. N s so snh cht lng ca im nh c tnh ton v quyt nh n tt cha hay tnh ton thm na. Cht lng ca kiu ly mu ny c iu khin bi bng QMC rollout ( pha di bng ny). S dng adaptive QMC nu bn c nhiu vt liu s dng hiu ng chi sng glossy hay s dng bng theo vng (area shadows), nhe chuyn ng (motion blur) ..., v nu bn cn ti a kh nng iu khin tc v cht lng. N c th khin bn phi nghin cu vic phn phi cc gi tr ca thng s, nhng khi bn c gi tr hp l, bn c th ton quyn iu khin V-Ray vi ch vi ln bm chut. Ti liu trc tuyn ca Vray c mc s gii thch kh r v 3 phng php kh rng ca ny vi nhiu file v d. B lc vt liu c th thay i nu bn gp vn vi ha hoc chi tit trong cnh. Mi phng php ly mu c tnh cht ring ca n, nhng n khng phi mc ch ca bi hng dn ny. Trong nhiu trng hp bn c th b qua khi tt n i Mt vi b lc thng c s dng: - none - Mitchell-Netravali: cho kt qu mt v d iu chnh - Catmull-Rom: rt sc nt (ging nh kt qu ca b lc unsharp mask trong Photoshop) - soften with radius around 2.5 (mn v nhanh) Adaptive subdivision cng l mt phng php iu chnh. Mc d n rt nhanh trong nhiu trng hp nhng n c th tr nn rt chm nu nh c nhiu hiu ng chi sng trong cnh.N cng s dng nhiu RAM khi render. S dng phng php ny nu bn mun mt vng rng min trong cnh (v d nh ni tht vi nhng mng tng trng ln). T l min/max iu khin cht lng, 0/2 l mt t l kh tt, -2/-1 cng rt tt cho vic render th.

5. Indirect illumination (GI-Chiu sng gin tip) Bng ny iu khin nhng thng s chnh ca GI (s va p nh sng). Ging nh nhng b renderer GI khc, V-Ray to ra s khc bit gia ln va p u tin v th 2. Mt ngun sng spotlight s to ra nh sng trc tip. nh sng ny va p vo 1 i tng v b hp th mt phn, nhng, phn cn li c phn x li vo cnh. y l ln va chm u tin. Ln va chm u tin ny s dn ti ln va chm tip theo vo mt i tng khc v c tip tc nh vy cho ti khi khng cn nng lng ca tia sng na. nh sng trc tip v ln va chm u tin c nh hng ln nht ti hiu qu ca nh sng trong cnh, bi v ln va chm ny nh sang mang theo nhiu nng lng nht. Do cn phi tnh ton mt cch rt chnh xc to c mt nh sng thc nht. Ln va chm th 2 khng quan trng bng (v phn nhiu nng lng ca nh sng b hp th vo b mt vt liu, n khng gy hiu qu ln ti cnh), do tnh ton chnh xc khng qu i hi y (ni tht l mt ngoi l, nhng ln va p th 2 cng tr nn quan trng tng ng). Bn c th chn gia nhiu cch tnh ton cho va p ln u v ln th 2, v iu chnh mnh yu ca chng (multipliers). Ty chn Hu k c th lm mt mu ca nh sng GI, hoc tng phn ca n. T quang l di sng c to vi nh sng b phn chiu/khc x. T quang GI l t quang c to vi nh sng GI phn chiu/khc x (nh sng va p). S va p thng thng ln u v ln sau khng to ra phn x v khc x trong tnh cht ca vt liu, ch vi tnh cht ph mt ca n. Bn cn phi bt chng ln hoc tt i vi hai hp kim tng t. Mt v d d nhn ca t quang phn x l di sng bn s nhn thy nu bn chiu mt n ri vo mt chic nhn chrome ang nm trn bn. T quang khc x c th c to ra nh vi mt qu cu bng thy tinh, n s b cong mi nh sng i qua n, to ra mt im rt sng sau lng n. Ghi nh rng khi bn mun nh sng GI i qua i tng trong sut, bn phi t quang refractive GI l ON! Lun lun ghi nh l t quang ch l mt ci tn dnh cho nh sng phn x v khc x. Bi v nh sng ti t ngun sng ri ca max l nh sng trc tip v khng phi l nh sng GI, bn cng c th lm iu vi V-ray render.

6. Irradiance map / Quasi-Monte Carlo / photon mapping / light cache Ty thuc vo mi phng php cho ln va chm u hay th 2 ca nh sng m bn chn m cc bng trn xut hin bn di mc GI. y u l cc phng php tnh ton va p chiu sng tng th GI.Mi phng php c u im v cch s dng khc nhau. Ti s gii thch v nhng phng php ny cc bi hng dn ring bit v mi phng php u rt phc tp i vi ngi mi hc v mun c ci nhn tng qut v nhng thit lp c bn ca V-ray. Vic tnh ton GI l mt cng vic tn rt nhiu thi gian, do cc phng php ny c to ra nhm tng tc qu trnh theo nhng thut ton khc nhau tng ng vi nhng trng hp khc nhau. 7. Caustics (T quang) Trong bc th 5, ti gii thiu v t quang ca nh sng trc tip. Bn c th bt hay tt chng, v thit lp nhng thng s iu khin. to c hiu ng T quang cho nh sng trc tip p, bn cn phi c nhng thit lp iu chnh trong nh sng ca V-Ray. Mt k nng n gin b qua t quang ca nh sng trc tip l khng s dng nh sng trc tip. Ch vi nh sng GI, bn chn refractive/reflective GI caustics trong bng Indirect Illumination v tt c t quang s c tnh ton thao thit lp GI ca bn. Tuy nhin, khng phi lc no cng c th ch s dng ton b l nh sng GI...

8. Environment (Mi trng) V-Ray cho php bn chim quyn iu khin mi trng ca Max environment vi bng iu khin ny. S dng nh sng bu tri chiu sng cnh vi mt skylight. Nu bn t ha vo slot

pha sau ch , mu la chn b b qua v thay v s dng mu mi trng, ha s c dng chiu sng cnh. Bn cn phi bt GI cho nh sng bu tri. nh sng bu tri khng phi nh sng trc tip, n c coi l ln va chm u ca nh sng, l l do GI cn dng to ra nh sng bu tri. Cn ghi nh rng nu GI c bt, nh sng bu tri b tt v bn t mu vo nn ca Max, mu s c s dng tnh ton nh l nh sng bu tri! Mc tip theo l iu khin s phn chiu v khc x mi trng. Khng cn bit mi trng ca max nh th no, cc i tng ca bn s khc x/phn chiu thit lp ny ca V-Ray. Bn cng c th t ha vo y ging nh vi ty chn nh sng bu tri. *Ghi nh rng nhng thit lp ny khng th hin phn nn ca bn. S dng mi trng ca Max th hin n.

9. QMC Sampler QMC sampler c th c coi l ni iu chnh tng th cht lng render. N iu khin tt c cc thng s c lin quan ti tnh ton Quasi Monte Carlo nh adaptive QMC AA, QMC GI, Irradiance map, Glossy effects, area shadows, Motion Blur v Depth of field. Thng s quan trng nht l noise threshold, n iu khin s chnh xc ca cc tnh ton. Thit lp cho cht lng cao nht l 0.001, nhng n yu cu thi gian render di nht. Thng s global subdivs multiplier c th c s dng tng/gim tt c cc thng s subdivision trong cnh (Irradiance map, QMC GI, glossies, area shadows, Motion Blur, Depth of field,...). N rt cn thit khi mun render th tht nhanh.

10. Color mapping Color mapping c th c s dng lm hu k mt bc nh trong V-Ray. Bn c th tham kho ti liu online ca Vray v cc la chn ring ca bng ny.

11. Camera Bn c th chn nhng kiu camera khc ch khng ch c kiu camera c bn ca MAX, v d, thu knh ca mt c, camera hnh cu, tr trn,... Bn c th tham kho ti liu online ca Vray v cc la chn ring cc loi camera ca bng ny. Depth of field l hiu ng c to ra bi ng knh ca thu knh bn trong ca my nh.

i tng ra khi tiu c ca thu knh s tr nn nhe. Cng xa khi khu vc tiu c v ln ca thu knh cng nhiu, i tng cng b nhe hn. Motion blur l s nhe i m bn thy khi i tng chuyn ng rt nhanh hoc khi my nh chuyn ng. C hai chuyn ng trn c d tia, khng phi l nh la bng nhng th thut gy p mt, do chng s nh hng rt ln ti thi gian render...

12. Default displacement Nhng thng s ny iu khin thit lp displacement c bn ca Vray. Cc thng tin v displacement bn c th tham kho trong ti liu online vi kh nhiu hnh minh ha.

13. System Mt bng bao gm rt nhiu cc thng s iu khin chung khc ca Vray. Raycaster parameters c s dng iu khin lng b nh m V-Ray s dng trong mi cnh c th. Trong 99% trng hp bn khng cn phi ng ti chng! Render region division X v Y iu khin chiu cao v rng ca hp render. Cho nhng hnh render c phn gii thp, bn c th gim chng xung, vi hnh ln hn, ban li tng chng ln. Gi tr tt nht nm trong khong gia 32 v 128px. Region sequence l la chn th t hp render s i theo. Distributed rendering l qu trnh render nh vi nhiu my tnh mt lc. Previous render iu khin cch thc ln ca ln render ny i vi ln render trc. Default geometry static/dynamic: bn c th tham kho thm ti liu online. Frame stamp rt hu ch cho vic ghi ra thi gian render nht l trong cc cuc thi tc render. Objects v lights settings iu khin nhng tnh cht ring bit ca V-Ray cho mi i tng v nh sng trong cnh. Bn c th bt hoc tt tt c nhng thit lp cho ring tng i tng. Presets dng lu li tt c hoc mt s nhng thit lp chuyn i mt cch nhanh chng gia ch render th v render cht lng cao.

V-Ray log l mt ca s nh hin ra khi render, cho bn thy nhng phn hi v qu trnh render. Level iu khin nhiu ca phn hi c hin ra trong ca s .