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Trng THPT Trng Long Ty Ton 10
Chng II: HM S BC NHT V BC HAI

Hm s 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Hm s y = ax +b 1 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Hm s bc hai 1 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
n tp chng II 2 tit

GV: ng Th Quyn Trang 1
Tun: Tit:
Bi 1: HM S
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hiu c khi nim hm s, tp xc nh ca hm s, th hm s.
Hiu khi nim hm s ng bin, nghch bin, hm s chn, l.
Bit c tnh cht i xng ca th hm s chn, th hm s l.
2. V k nng
Bit tm tp xc nh ca cc hm s n gin.
Bit chng minh tnh ng bin, nghch bin ca mt hm s trn mt khong
cho trc.
Bit xt tnh chn l ca hm s.
3. V thi
Thi hc tch cc, ch ng nhiu trong gi hc.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php m thoi gi m, thuyt trnh.
III. dng dy hc
Phn, bng ph, thc k.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
Gi lp trng bo co s s.
II. Kim tra bi c
Hy xc nh cc tp hp sau: ( ) ( ) 2, 8 0, 9
; ( ) \ ,8
.
III. Ging bi mi
Tit 1
TG Ni dung bi hc Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS
I. n tp v hm s
1. Hm s
Nu vi mi gi tr x
thuc D c mt v ch mt Cho hc sinh tm hiu v Quan st bng s liu.

gi tr tng ng ca y thuc
tp s thc R th ta c mt
hm s.
Ta gi x l bin s cn y l
hm s ca x.
Tp D l tp xc nh ca
hm s.
d 1 SGK trang 32.
Qua bng s liu trn
nhn xt v s ph thuc
gia thu nhp bnh qun
u ngi v thi gian?
Nhn xt
2. Cch cho hm s
- Hm s cho bng bng.
- Hm s cho bng biu .
- Hm s cho bng cng
thc.
Tp xc nh ca hm s y
= f(x) l tp hp tt c cc s
thc x sao cho biu thc f(x)
c ngha.
V d: Tm tp xc nh ca
hm s f(x) = 3 x
Ch : Mt hm s c th
cho bi hai, ba,cng thc.
Chng hn:
Hm s
Hy dng SGK lm ti
liu, em no cho bit c
my cch cho hm s?
Trong v d 1, yu cu
HS ch ra cc gi tr ca
hm s ti x = 2001,
2004, 1999.
Hy k tn cc hm s
hc Trung hc c s.
Hng dn HS cch lm.
Yu cu HS tm TXD
hm s sau:
3
g(x)
x 2
+
,
h(x) x 1 1 x + +
Hon chnh bi gii v
cho HS ghi vo tp
Tr li
Tm hiu v tr li
Tr li
Ch , theo di.
Thc hin yu cu

2
x 1 v i x 2
y
x 2 v i x 2
+
'
<
.
3. th ca hm s
th ca hm s y = f(x)
xc nh trn tp D l tp hp
tt c cc im
M(x; f(x)) trn mt phng ta
vi mi x thuc D.
V d: Cho hm s y = f(x) =
x+1 ; y = g(x) =
2
2
1
x
(hnh v 14 SGK).
a. Tnh f(-2), f(-1), f(0), f(2),
g(-1), g(-2), g(0).
b. Tm x sao cho f(x) = 2.
Tm x sao cho g(x) =2.
Yu cu HS quan st
hnh 14 v tr li cc yu
cu.
Tho lun tr li cc
yu cu.
* Cng c
Nhc li nh ngha hm s, cch tm tp xc nh ca 1 s hm s n gin.
* Dn d
Xem tip phn II, III. Lm bi tp 1, 2, 3 SGK trang 38, 39.
Tit 2
1. Kim tra bi c
Nu nh ngha hm s. Cch tm tp xc nh hm s. Khi nim th hm s.
2. Bi mi
II. S bin thin ca
hm s
1. n tp
Hm s y = f(x) gi l
ng bin (tng) trn
khong (a; b) nu
: ) ; ( ,
2 1
b a x x
2 1
x x <
). ( ) (
2 1
x f x f <
Hm s y = f(x) gi l
nghch bin (gim) trn
khong (a; b) nu
Yu cu HS quan st hnh
15 SGK v cho bit cc
khong tng, gim ca hm
s.
Tr li

: ) ; ( ,
2 1
b a x x
2 1
x x <
). ( ) (
2 1
x f x f >
2. Bng bin thin
din t hm s nghch
bin trn khong
) 0 ; (
ta
v mi tn i xung (t

n 0).
din t hm s ng
bin trn khong
) ; 0 ( +
ta v mi tn i ln (t 0
n
+
).
- Yu cu HS quan st hnh
v (bng ph) v nu nhn
xt
Cho bit hng ca th
trn khong ( )
;0
v trn
khong ( )
0;+
- Nhn xt g v gi tr ca
hm s khi gi tr ca bin
tng trn cc khong .
- Cho HS nhn xt chung.
- Chnh xc ho hnh thnh
khi nim.
- Quan st v nu nhn
xt
+ th i ln t tri
sang phi trn khong
( )
0;+
v i xung t tri
sang phi trn khong
( )
;0
.
+ Gi tr hm gim khi
gi tr bin tng trn
khong ( )
;0
- Pht biu nhn xt.
- Ghi nhn kin thc.
II. Tnh chn l ca hm
s
1. Hm s chn, hm s
l
Hm s y = f(x) vi tp
xc nh D gi l hm s
chn nu D x th
x D v f(-x) = f(x),
( ) ( ) f x f x
.
Hm s y = f(x) vi tp
xc nh D gi l hm s
l nu D x th x D
v
( ) ( ) f x f x
,
( ) ( ) f x f x
.
V d: Xt tnh chn, l
ca hm s sau :
a) y = 3x
2
- 2
b) y =
x
1

Cho HS quan st hnh v
(bng ph) v tr li cu
hi
hm s y = x
2
ti hai gi tr
ca bin x i nhau ?
hm s y = x ti hai gi tr
ca bin x i nhau ?
- Yu cu HS pht biu
iu cm nhn c.
- Chnh xc ho hnh thnh
nh ngha.
Hng dn HS cc bc
gii cu a
B
1
: Tm tp xc nh D ca
hm s.
B
2
: Kim tra xem x D
th x D hay khng
B
3
: Kim tra xem f(- x)
bng f(x) hay f(x). T
kt lun
- Cho HS lm bi tng t
( l cu b).
- Yu cu HS quan st hnh
- Quan st hnh v
- Tr li
- Tr li
- Pht biu iu cm nhn
c
- Ghi nhn kt qu.
- Nghe v hiu nhim v
- Tm cch gii bi ton
- Trnh by kt qu
- Chnh sa hon thin
(nu c)
- Lm bi tng t
- Quan st hnh v

2. th ca hm s
chn, hm s l
th ca mt hm s
chn nhn trc tung lm
trc i xng.
th ca hm s l nhn
gc ta lm tm i
xng.
v (bng ph) v tr li cu
hi
+ T hnh v hy cho bit
trc i xng ca th
hm s y = x
2
?
+ T hnh v hy cho bit
trc tm xng ca th
hm s y = x

?
- Yu cu HS pht biu
iu cm nhn c
- Cho HS ghi nhn kin
thc
- Tr li
- Tr li
- Pht biu iu cm nhn
c
- Ghi nhn kin thc

4. Cng c
- Cc bc chng minh mt hm s ng bin hay nghch bin l g ?
- Cch tm tp xc nh ca hm s
- Bit c cch chng minh mt hm s l hm s chn, l hm s l
- Cch tnh gi tr hm s ti mt im
5. Bi tp v nh
- Lm bi tp 4 (SGK)
- c bi hm s y = ax + b.

Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Cng c cc kin thc hc v hm s.
2. V k nng
Xc nh tp xc nh ca hm s, tnh c gi tr hm s cho bi nhiu cng thc
ti mt s im.
Vn dng kin thc hc xt tnh chn l ca hm s.
3. V thi
Hc sinh tch cc, chun b tt bi tp v nh.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php: din ging, m thoi gi m.
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK.
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Sa cc bi tp 1b SGK trang 38.
III. Bi mi
Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS
Gi HS ln bng gii bi tp 1a, 1c, 2.
Kim tra tp bi tp ca HS.
Gi HS nhn xt cc bi gii.
Hon chnh li bi gii.
Lu : Nhn mnh li cch tm TX.
Gi 3 HS gii cu 3a, 3b, 3c.
Hon chnh li bi gii.
Gi HS nhc li cch xc nh tnh chn l
ca hm s.
Gi 4 HS gii cu 4.
Hon chnh li bi gii.
3 HS xung phong gii bi tp.
Cc HS chun b tp bi tp.
HS nhn xt.
Chp bi gii vo tp.
HS nhn xt.
Chp bi gii vo tp.
Tr li.
HS nhn xt.
Chp bi gii vo tp.
IV. Cng c
Nhn mnh cc bi tp trng tm.
Ch cc li sai thng gp.
V. Dn d
Yu cu HS v luyn tp thm.
c trc bi Hm s y = ax + b.

Tun: Tit:
Bi 2: HM S y = ax + b
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hiu c cch v hm s bc nht v hm s y = b.
Hiu c cch tm hm s bc nht da vo 1 s gi thit cho trc.
2. V k nng
V c th hm s bc nht, hm s y = b, hm s y = |x|.
Tm c hm s y = ax + b theo yu cu cho trc.
3. V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc, tch cc trong gi hc.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php din ging, m thoi gi m.
III. dng dy hc
Thc k, phn mu, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
Gi lp trng kim tra s s.
II. Kim tra bi c
Cu hi: Hy tm TX ca hm s sau: y = - 2x + 3; y =
1
2
x
x
+
+
III. Ging bi mi
I. Hm s y = ax + b
TX: D =
* Trng hp a
0
th l 1 ng thng khng
song song vi trc honh, trc
tung, song song vi ng thng y
= ax, lun i qua 2 im A(0; b),
Hy nhc li mt s
tnh cht ca hm s
bc nht c hc
lp 9.
Treo bng ph, yu
Tr li
Tho lun v tr li.

B(
b
a
; 0).
Khi a >0, hm s ng bin trn
.
Khi a < 0, hm s nghch bin trn
.
* Trng hp a = 0
Hm s tr thnh y = b, th l 1
ng thng song song hoc trng
vi Ox v ct Oy ti im (0; b).
V d: V th hm s sau:
y = 2x + 1; y = -2.
II. Hm s y = |x|
TX: D =
Chiu bin thin
Ta c :
x
y
x
'

Suy ra hm s y = |x| ng bin
trn khong ( ) 0; +
, nghch bin
trn khong ( ) ; 0
.
Bng bin thin
x

0
+

y
+

+
0
th
Hm s y = |x| l mt hm s chn,
th ca n nhn Oy lm trc i
cu HS nhn xt v
chiu bin thin?
Khi a = 0, th ca
hm s nh th no so
vi Ox?
TX ca hm s y = |
x| l g?
v th hm s y
Tr li.
Ghi chp bi.
Tr li

nu 0 x <
nu 0 x
1
-1
1
O
x
y
xng.
* Mt s v d
V d 1: Xc nh a, b th
hm s y = ax + b i qua im
A(1; 5) v im B(-1; 1).
V d 2: Xc nh a, b th
hm s y = ax + b i qua im
A(1; 2) v im B(-3; 2).
= |x| ta v th hm
s y = x, v v th
hm s
y = - x, sau da vo
iu kin loi b
khong khng cn
thit.
Hng dn HS cch
gii, sau gi HS ln
trnh by.
Theo di v lm bi.
IV. Cng c
Nhc li cch v th hm s y = ax + b, y =|x|.
Nhc li cch xc nh a, b ca hm s y = ax + b tha iu kin cho trc.
V. Dn d
Lm bi tp SGK trang 41, 42.
Xem trc bi tip theo.

Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Cng c cc kin thc hc v hm s y = ax + b.
2. V k nng
Xc nh c a, b ca hm s y = ax + b.
Vit phng trnh ng thng da vo 1 s d kin cho trc.
Vn dng kin thc hc v th hm s cho bi nhiu biu thc.
3. V thi
Hc sinh tch cc, chun b tt bi tp v nh.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php: din ging, m thoi gi m.
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK.
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Sa cc bi tp 2a SGK trang 38.
III. Bi mi
Gi HS ln bng gii bi tp 2b, 2c.
Kim tra tp bi tp ca HS.
Hon chnh li bi gii.
Lu : Nhn mnh cch tm a, b ca hm s
y = ax + b.
Gi 3 HS gii cu 3a, 3b.
Hon chnh li bi gii.
Hng dn Hs cch v hm s cho bi nhiu
biu thc
Gi 1 HS gii cu 4a.
Hon chnh li bi gii.
Cc HS chun b tp bi tp.
HS nhn xt.
Chp bi gii vo tp.
HS nhn xt.
Chp bi gii vo tp.
Tr li.
HS nhn xt.
Chp bi gii vo tp.
IV. Cng c
Nhn mnh cc bi tp trng tm.
Ch cc li sai thng gp.
V. Dn d
Yu cu HS v luyn tp thm.
c trc bi Hm s bc hai.

Tun: Tit:
Bi 3 : HM S BC HAI
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
Hieu c s bien thien cua ham so bac hai tren .
2. Ve ky nang
Lap c bang bien thien cua ham so bac hai, xac
nh c toa o nh, truc oi xng, ve c o th
cua ham so bac hai.
oc c o th cua ham so bac hai, t o th xac nh
c: Truc oi xng, cac gia tr x e y > 0; y < 0.
Tm c phng trnh parabol y = ax
2
+ bx + c khi biet mot
trong cac he so va biet o th i qua hai iem cho trc.
3. V thi
Ch ng tch cc, bin kin thc l thnh quen.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php: thuyt trnh, t vn , m thoi gi m, din ging.
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Tm a,b ca hm s y = ax + b, bit th hm s i qua 2 im A(0, 2), B(1, 3).
III. Ging bi mi
Hot ng 1: Nhn xt v th ca hm s y = ax
2
T
G
Ni dung Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS
1. th ca hm s bc hai
Hm s bc hai c dng:
y = ax
2
+ bx + c (a
0 )
TX: D =
y
0 x
a >0
* Gii thiu hm s bc
hai cho bi cng thc.
* Hm s bc hai cho
bi cng thc dng no?
* Tp xc nh l tp
no?
* Treo bng ph th
hm s bc hai y = ax
2
(a
0 ) trong trng
hp a > 0 v a < 0.
* Yu cu HS xc nh
nh ca parabol y =
ax
2
, im thp nht v
im cao nht ca
th, trc i xng ca
th.
Nhn bit cng thc
hm s bc hai.
Dng a thc.
Tp R
Quan st hnh v.
nh ca parabol
y = ax
2
l O(0;0)
Nu a > 0 th O l
im thp nht.
Nu a < 0 th O l
im cao nht.

T
G
y
x
a <0
I
,
_
a a
b
4
;
2
l nh ca parabol
y = ax
2
+ bx + c (a
0 )
Gii thiu nh ca hm
s bc hai y = ax
2
+ bx +
c (a
0 ) Xc nh nh ca
th hm s
y = ax
2
+ bx + c
(a
0 )
Hot ng 2: Chiu bin thin ca hm s bc hai
T
G
Ni dung bi hc Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS
2. Chiu bin thin ca hm s
bc hai
* Trng hp a > 0.
x

a
b
2

+
y
+

+

a 4
* Trng hp a < 0
x

a
b
2

+
y

a 4

nh l : (SGK)
Cho HS nhn xc v s
bin thin ca hm s
y = ax
2
+ bx + c da vo
hm s y = ax
2
Khi no hm s y = ax
2
+ bx + c
(a
0) ng bin,
nghch bin ?
a ra nhn xt.
Tr li.
Pht biu nh l.
Hot ng 3: Tm hiu th hm s bc hai
T
G
3. th
Cc bc v th hm s bc hai
( )
2
ax ( 0) y f x bx c a + +
.
Treo bng ph cch v
th hm s bc hai
Yu cu HS xc nh
nh ca parabol v trc
i xng ca th.
Quan st bng ph.
Ghi chp cch v.
Xc nh to nh
v trc i xng ca
th hm s.

y
O x
I
a>0
y
I
x
a <0
V d: V th ca hm s :
y = x
2
x 2 (P)
Li gii
TX : D = R
Ta nh : I
,
_
4
9
;
2
1
Trc i xng : x =
2
1
Bng bin thin
1 0 a > , (P) c b lm quay ln
trn.
x

+
y
+

+

9
4
Kt lun:
Hm s nghch bin trn khong
1
;
2
_

,
, ng bin trn khong
1
;
2
_
+

,
.
Giao im vi Oy: A( 0 ; 2 );
giao im vi Ox: B(1 ; 0) v
C( 2 ; 0 )
V th
Cho HS nhn dng ca
th ng vi trng
hp a > 0 v a < 0.
* Hng dn cch v
th.
* Gi HS tm ta
nh.
* Gi HS tm trc i
xng ca th.
* th hm s cho
c b lm nh th no?
Gi HS nhn xt cc
khong n iu ca
hm s.
Tm giao im vi Ox,
Oy (nu c).
Ch HS cch v th.
a > 0 : b lm quay
ln trn.
a < 0 : b lm quay
xung di.
Tr li.
1 HS tr li.
Do a>0 nn b lm
quay ln trn.
Thc hin nhim v.
Ghi chp bi y .

a
b
2
a 4
a
b
2
a 4

y
O x
-1 1 2
-1
-2
I
2
1
2
1
x
V d: Kho st s bin thin v v
Parabol (P):
2
2 3 y x x .
Gi HS thc hin yu
cu.
Hc sinh thc hin
yu cu.
IV. Cng c
V th hm s y =
2
4
1
x
+2 v y =
2
4
1
x
+ 3x + 3.
Cho HS nhc li cc bc v th hm s y = ax
2
+ bx + c ( a
0)
Gii bi tp 2a/ SGK trang 49
V. Dn d
Hc thuc bi.
c bi c thm : ng parabol / SGK trang 46.
Son cc cu hi n tp chng II.
Lm cc bi tp / SGK trang 49 - > 51.

Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP: HM S BC HAI
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
2. Ve ky nang
cua ham so bac hai.
oc c o th cua ham so bac hai, t o th xac
nh c: Truc oi xng, cac gia tr x e y > 0; y < 0.
2
3. V thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
H1: Nhc li cc kt qu bit v hm s y = ax
2
va hnh thanh cac
bc ve o th ham so y = ax
2
+ bx + c (a
0):
T
G
Bi 1) a,b; 2)a,d (SGk
trang 49)
- Nu:
+ Cng thc tm nh v
cch xc inh ta d cc
giao im.
+ Cch lp BBT v v.
- Gi 4 hc sinh ln bng
thc hin cc yu cu.
- Tm giao vi trc tung
cho x = 0.
- Tm giao vi trc honh
cho y = 0.
- Ly i xng im A qua
oy v th trong
trng hp khng c giao
im vi trc honh.
- HS tham gia tr li theo
kin thc mi va hc.
- HS ln bng thc hin cc
yu cu ca bi tp1) a,b;
2)a,d
- Kt qu cn t:
1a)
3 1
nhI( ; )
2 4
Cat tructungtai A(0;2)
Cat truchoanhtai B(1;0) vaC(2;0)
1b)

nhI (1; 1)
Giaoiemvi tructungA (0; 3)
K hongcohoanho

- Lu HS thc hin y
cc bc nh hc.
2) Tnh ton chnh xc cc
d liu v v c c bn
th.
-Tm to nh ca
Parabol I(
2
b
a
;
2
4
4 4
b ac
a a

)
- V trc i xng x =
2
b
a
- Xc nh cc ta giao
im vi trc honh v
trc tung.
- V th ca hm s.
Bi 3a,b v 3)a.
- Th ta im vo hm
s ta c h 2 n theo a, b.
gii ra tm a, b th vo hm
s ban u.
3)b
- Tng t cu a nhng lu
c x=-2/3 l trc i
xng th y=0
-HS tham gia gii.
- Th ta im ln lt
vo hm s c h 2 n
theo a, b; sau gii ra tm
a, b th vo hm s.
-Kt qu cn t:
3a) y= 2x
2
+ x + 2
3b) y= -1/3x
2
- x + 2
Bi 4 Gi tng t 3a.
Khai thc nh I v im A,
c h 3 n gii h tm
a,b,c.
a 3
b 36
c 96
'
Vy y=3x
2
-36x+96
IV.Cng c
Yu cu HS nhc li cch kho st hm s. Ta khc su thm cho HS mt ln na.
V. Dn d
Xem trc bi hc tit sau.
Tun: Tit:
N TP CHNG II
A. CHUN B

I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
2. Ve ky nang
cua ham so bac hai.
oc c o th cua ham so bac hai, t o th xac
nh c: Truc oi xng, cac gia tr x e y > 0; y < 0.
2
3. V thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
HS1: Nu khi nim v tp xc nh ca hm s.
HS2: Th no l hm s ng bin, nghch bin trn khong ( a ; b)?
HS3: Th no l hm s chn, hm s l?
III. Ging bi mi
Bi 8
Yu cu HS tm tp xc nh
ca cc hm s.
Gi 3 HS ln bng trnh by.
Theo di v gip HS gp
kh khn.
Cho HS nhn xt.
Nhn xt, nh gi v un
nn sai st ca HS.
Tm tp xc nh ca hm s :
y =
3
1
2
+ +
+
x
x
y=
x
x
2 1
1
3 2


3
1
+ x
vi
x 1
y =
x 2 vi x
< 1
Nhn xt.
Bi 9, 10 Gi HS ln bng trnh by cc
v gi HS em tp bi tp ln
- HS ln bng thc hin
- Np tp bi tp theo yu cu

kim tra xem mc chun
b ?
ca GV
Bi 11 + Cach tm a, b ?
+ i qua 2 iem A, B
nen ta co ieu g ?
+ Cach giai hphng
trnh bac nhat 2 an?
+ Goi HS len bang:
+ Goi HS n/x, GV n/x.
+ T gt tm 2 phng
trnh theo a, b.
+ Toa o 2 iem A, B
thoa man phng trnh
.
+ Phng phap cong,
the:..
+ HS len bang:
A(1;3) a b 3
B( 1;5) a b 5
+

' '
+

2b 8 b 4
a b b a 1

' '
+

Bi 12 + Cach tm a, b , c?
+ (P) i qua 3 iem A,
B, C nen ta co ieu
g ?
+ T toa o nh ta
co may phng trnh
+ Goi HS len bang
+ Goi HS n/x, GV n/x.
+ T gt tm 3 phng
trnh theo a, b, c.
+ Toa o 3 iem A, B,
C thoa man phng
trnh (P).
+ 3 phng trnh.
+ HS len bang:
IV. Cng c
Yu cu HS nhc li cc khi nim hc
V. Dn d
Bi tp v nh : cc bi tp thm trong SGK.
Chng III. PHNG TRNH H PHNG TRNH

i cng v phng trnh 1 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Phng trnh quy v bc nht, bc hai 1 tit
Luyn tp 2 tit
Phng trnh v h phng trnh bc nht nhiu n 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
n tp chng III 1 tit
Tun: Tit:
Bi 1: I CNG V PHNG TRNH

A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
Hieu nh ngha hai phng trnh tng ng va cac phep
bien oi tng ng phng trnh.
Biet khai niem phng trnh he qua.
2. Ve ky nang
Neu c ieu kien xac nh cua phng trnh (khong
can giai cac ieu kien).
Biet bien oi tng ng phng trnh.
3. V thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I. Khi nim phng
trnh
1) Phng trnh mt
n
(sgk trang 53)
Ch : (sgk trang 53)
* H1 sgk: Neu v du
ve phng trnh 1
an, phng trnh 2
an.
Goi hs phat bieu,
GV nhn xt.
* Cac menh e
tren co dang g ?
* Gii thieu nh
ngha phng trnh,
nghiem phng trnh,
giai phng trnh.

2
3
x
la mot
nghiem gan ung
cua phng trnh
2x = 3
* ax + b = 0 (a
0);
ax
2
+ bx+ c = 0 (a
0);
2x + 3y = 5;
* f(x) = g(x)
Theo di
2) iu kin ca mt
phn trnh
H2 (sgk trang 54)
H3 (sgk trang 54)
* Cho HS thc hin H2.
- Gii thieu ieu
kien xac nh cua
phng trnh.
- Goi hs len bang
va GV nhn xt.
x = 2 VT cua phng
trnh a cho khong
co ngha; VP co
ngha khi x - 1 0
x 1
* Tip thu.
* HS len bang:

a) k: 2 - x > 0
x
< 2.
b)k:
3) Phng trnh nhiu
n
* Phng trnh co t
2 an tr len gl
phng trnh nhieu
an. Cho VD ?
* Tm nghiem cua
phng trnh 2 (3)
an la cho 1 an
(2) tm an con lai.
* phng trnh nhieu
an co bao nhieu
nghiem?
* Nghe, hieu. Cho VD
* HS tm nghiem
phng trnh (2), (3).
* Vo so nghiem.
4) Phng trnh cha
tham s
* Gii thieu phng
trnh cha tham so.
Cho VD ?
* Gii thieu cach
giai va bien luan
phng trnh cha
tham so
* Nghe, hieu. HS cho
VD.
* Nghe, hieu.
II. Phng trnh
tng ng v
phng trnh h qu
1) Phng trnh
tng ng
2) Php bin i tng
ng
Cho HS giai cac
cap phng trnh
tren.
* Cho HS so sanh
cac tap nghiem
roi ghi nhan khi
nim phng trnh tng
ng.
* T viec nhan
xet moi quan he
gia tng cap
phng trnh va neu
ra phep bien oi
a s dung va cho
HS ghi nhan nh
ly.
* Nghe, hieu nhiem
vu.
* Tm phng an tra
li nhanh nhat.
Trnh bay ket qua.
1)3x 8 = 0
3
8
x
15
20 0
2
x
3
8
15
40
x
.
Hai phng trnh c
nghim ging nhau.
2)
2
2 3 x x
2
3
1
x
x

2
2 3 x x +
2
3
1
x
x
Hai phng trnh c
nghim ging nhau
* Ghi nhan kien
thc.
3) Phng trnh h
qu * Cho nhm hot ng, i
din trnh by kt qu.
* Chnh sa , hoan
thien.
* Nghe , hieu nhiem
vu.
* Tm phng an tra

* Cho hs ghi nhan
khai niem pt he
qua va cac phep
bien oi thng
dung.
li nhanh nhat.
Trnh bay ket qua.
Bt2) + ieu kien
cua (1); (2); (3)?
phep bien oi
a lam thay oi k
cua pt nen:
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 2 3
.
-Ghi nhan kien
thc.
IV.Cng c
* Cho biet the nao la nghiem cua 1 pt ?
* Cho biet the nao la hai pt tng ng? Cac phep bien oi
tng ng?
* Cho biet the nao la pt he qua? Cac phep bien oi he
qua?
V. Dn d
Lm cc bi tp 3, 4 trong SGK.
Xem trc bi hc 2.

Tun: Tit:
Bi 2: PHNG TRNH QUY V PHNG TRNH
BC NHT, BC HAI
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
Hiu cch gii v bin lun phng trnh ax + b = 0; phng trnh
ax
2
+ bx + c = 0.
Hiu cch gii cc phng trnh quy v dng bc nht, bc hai: phng trnh c
n mu s, phng trnh c cha du gi tr tuyt i, phng trnh cha cn n gin,
phng trnh a v dng tch.
2. Ve ky nang
Gii v bin lun thnh tho phng trnh ax + b = 0. Gii thnh tho phng
trnh bc hai.
Gii c cc phng trnh quy v bc nht, bc hai: phng trnh c n mu
s, phng trnh c cha du gi tr tuyt i, phng trnh cha cn n gin, phng trnh
a v dng tch.
3. V thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I.n li v phng trnh
bc nht, bc hai
Tm tt li kin thc
trng tm, hng dn
HS c thm
Ghi chp v nghe ging.
II. Phng trnh quy v
phng trnh bc nht, bc

hai
1. Phng trnh cha n
trong du gi tr tuyt i
Hng dn HS xem
thm.
V nh c thm.
2. Phng trnh cha n
di du cn
Phng php gii
Thng thng, bnh phng 2
v ca PT a v mt PT
h qu khng cha n di
du cn.
V d: Gii phng trnh
2 3 2 x x
Bi tp tng t:
Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a/ 2 4 2 7 x x + +
b/
1
5 1 8
2
x x + +
Hng dn HS cch
gii.
Gi 1 HS tm iu kin
PT.
Gi HS khc bnh
phng 2 v ca PT
cho, yu cu Hs gii.
GV nhn xt.
Gi 2 HS gii bt.
Cc HS khc gii vo
tp.
Thc hin nhim v.
Thc hin.
2 HS gii. Cc HS cn
li lm bi vo v.
IV. Cng c
Gi Hs nhc li cc khi nim, phng php hc.
V. Dn d
Lm BT 7, 8 SGK trang 63.

Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP: PHNG TRNH QUY V PHNG TRNH BC NHT, BC HAI
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
Hiu cch gii v bin lun phng trnh ax + b = 0; phng trnh
ax
2
+ bx + c = 0.
Hiu cch gii cc phng trnh quy v dng bc nht, bc hai: phng trnh c
n mu s, phng trnh c cha du gi tr tuyt i, phng trnh cha cn n gin,
phng trnh a v dng tch.
2. Ve ky nang
Gii v bin lun thnh tho phng trnh ax + b = 0. Gii thnh tho phng trnh bc hai.
Gii c cc phng trnh quy v bc nht, bc hai: phng trnh c n mu s, phng
trnh c cha du gi tr tuyt i, phng trnh cha cn n gin, phng trnh a v
dng tch.
3. V thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
IIIi. Ging bi mi
T
G
Bi 7: SGK trang 63 Gi 1 HS nhc li phng
php gii.
Gi 4 HS ln gii cc cu a/
b/ c/ d/ ca bi 7.
Kim tra tp bi tp ca cc
HS cn li.
Gi 2 HS nhn xt bi lm.
Hon chnh li bi gii cho
1 HS tr li.
4 HS ln gii bi tp.
2 HS nhn xt.

HS.
Ghi vo v bi tp.
Bi 8: SGK trang 63
Gi 1 HS nhc li nh l
Viet.
Hng dn cch lm cho HS.
Gi HS ln bng hon chnh
bi gii.
1 HS tr li.
Ch theo di.
1 HS gii.
IV. Cng c
Nhc li cch gii phng trnh cha n di du cn.
V. Dn d
Lm thm cc bi tp trong sch bi tp 10 c bn.
Tun: Tit:
Bi 3: PHNG TRNH V H PHNG TRNH
BC NHT NHIU N
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
Cch gii phng trnh bc nht hai n,h 2 phng trnh bc nht 2 n,h 3
phng trnh bc nht 3 n.
Cch gii bi ton bng phng php lp h 2 phng trnh bc nht 2 n, h 3
2. Ve ky nang
Thnh tho cch biu din tp nghim ca pt bc nht 2 n.
Thnh tho cc phng php gii h 2 phng trnh bc nht 2 n, h 3 phng
trnh bc nht 3 n.
Thnh tho gii cc bi ton bng cch lp h phng trnh.
3. V thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I. n tp v phng
trnh v h hai
phng trnh bc
nht hai n
1. Phng trnh bc
nht hai n.
nh ngha: SGK
T chc cho HS t n tp kin
thc c (theo nhm).
1. Cho bit dng ca phng
trnh bc nht 2 n.
2. (1; - 2) c phi l nghim
ca pt 3x 2y = 7 ? pt ny cn
c nhng nghim khc khng?
- Nghe hiu nhim v.
- Nhm trnh by kt qu.
- Chnh sa hon thin
( nu c )
- Ghi nhn kin thc.

3. Biu din tp nghim
phng trnh 3x 2y = 6
4. Cho hs ghi nhn kin thc l
phn nh ngha v ch trong
SGK.
2. H hai phng
trnh bc nht hai n
V d: Gii h phng
trnh:
2 1
5 4 2
x y
x y
+
'
+
* T chc cho hs t n tp
kin thc c (theo nhm)
1. Cho bit dng ca h 2
phng trnh bc nht 2 n
2. Cc cch gii bit gii
h ny?
Mi nhm gii 1 cch

3 5 0
6 2 1 0
x y
x y
+
'

3.Cho hc sinh ghi nhn phn

nh ngha trong SGK.
- Nghe hiu nhim v.
- Hon thnh v trnh by
kt qu.
- Chnh sa hon thin
( nu c )
- Ghi nhn kin thc.
II. H ba phng
trnh bc nht ba n
V d: Gii h phng
trnh:
2 3 5 13
4 2 3 3
2 4 1
x y z
x y z
x y z
+

'
+ +
1.Hng dn hs nu ra c
dng ca h 3 phng trnh
bc nht 3 n.
2. Gii hphng trnh:
2 1
2 3 3
2 6
x y z
y z
z
+

'
(*)
3.Cho hs ghi nhn phn nh
ngha v nhn bit c (*) l
h tam gic, cch gii h ny.
Nhn mnh h cn c nhng
dng tam gic khc.
Yu cu Hs gii.
- Nghe hiu nhim v.
- Nu dng ca hphng
trnh.
- Tm cch gii bi ton.
- Trnh by kt qu.
- a h trn v dng
tam gic.
- Gii hphng trnh ,
trnh by kt qu, chnh
sa (nu c).
IV. Cng c
Gi HS nhc li cc cch gii h phng trnh 2 n, 3 n.
Phng php a h 3 phng trnh 3 n v dng tam gic.
V. Dn d
Lm bi tp 1, 2a, 2c, 3, 5a, 7.

Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP
PHNG TRNH V H PHNG TRNH BC NHT NHIU N
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. Ve kien thc
Cch gii phng trnh bc nht hai n,h 2 phng trnh bc nht 2 n,h 3
Cch gii bi ton bng phng php lp h 2 phng trnh bc nht 2 n, h 3
2. Ve ky nang
Thnh tho cch biu din tp nghim ca pt bc nht 2 n.
Thnh tho cc phng php gii h 2 phng trnh bc nht 2 n, h 3 phng
trnh bc nht 3 n.
Thnh tho gii cc bi ton bng cch lp h phng trnh.
3. V thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, bng ph.
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Ni dung bi hc
Bi 1: SGK trang 68
T chc v hng dn HS gii
cc bi tp SGK.
Lu cc h s.
- Trnh by kt lun v
gii thch.
- C i din ln trnh
by li gii v chnh sa
(nu c).

Bi 2: SGK trang 68
Yu cu Hs gii cu 2a, 2c.
Mi nhm gii 1 hpt.
Chnh sa hon thin bi gii
nu cn.
- Trnh by kt lun v
gii thch.
- C i din ln trnh
by li gii v chnh sa
(nu c).
Bi 3: SGK trang 68
Gip hs nm c cc tri thc
v phng php.
B1:Chn n v k ca n.
B2:Biu din cc d kin
qua n.

B3:Lp hpt.
B4:Gii hpt.
B5:KL.
- Chn n:
Gi x (ng) l gi tin
1 qu qut, y (ng) l
gi tin 1 qu cam.
(x >0, y >0)
- Biu din cc d liu
qua n.
+ Vn mua:
10x + 7y = 17800
+ Lan mua:
12x + 6y = 18000
- Lp hpt:
10 7 17800
12 6 18000
x y
x y
+
'
+
- Gii hpt c:
800
1400
x
y

'
- KL
Bi 5: SGK trang 68
Yu cu Hs gii cu 5a.
- Chnh sa hon thin li gii.
1 Hs gii.
Ghi chp bi.
Bi 7: SGK trang 68
- Yu cu hs xem HD SGK.
- Chia nhm gii b,d.
- Nghe, hiu nhim v.
- C i din trnh by
kt qu.
- Chnh sa nu c.
IV. Cng c

Cc bc gii bi ton bng cch lp h phng trnh.
V. Dn d
Chun b tt cc bi tp n chng: 3a, 3d, 4, 5a, 5d, 6, 7, 10.
Tun: Tit:
N TP CHNG III
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
nh ngha phng trnh, nghiem cua phng trnh; khai niem
phng trnh tng ng, phng trnh he qua, cac phep bien oi
dan en phng trnh tng ng, phng trnh he qua.
Cach giai phng trnh bac nhat, bac hai, nh l Vi-et, cach giai
phng trnh cha an di dau can bac 2. , cach giai phng
trnh bac nhat 2 an, 3 an.
2. V k nng
Thanh thao viec giai phng trnh a ve phng trnh he qua,
phng trnh tng ng.
Thanh thao viec giai phng trnh bac hai, phng trnh cha an
di dau can bac 2.
Thanh thao giai he phng trnh bac nhat 2 an, 3 an.
3.V t duy, thi
Biet quy la ve quen, can than, chnh xac, tch cc xy dng bi
Biet c toan hoc co ng dung trong thc tien.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php: m thoi gi m, din ging, dy hc nu vn .
III. dng dy hc
1) Gio vin: Gio n, SGK, mt s dng cn thit khc
2) Hc sinh: SGK, n tp li l thuyt hc trong chng,
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Thc hin cc BT1, BT2.
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Bi 3 a, c:
(sgk trang70)
- Neu cac bc
giai phng trnh ?
- Goi hs len bang
+ Neu co vai gia tr
x thoa th the vao
phng trnh,
+ Neu co nhieu gia
tr x th bien oi a

- Goi hs nx.
- GV nx
- Cc cu cn li gii tng
t.
ve phng trnh n
gian hn tm x (ss k,
th lai)
+ Neu khong co gia
tr x th phng trnh vn.
a) k: x - 5 x 0 5 ba
(1)
x = 6 (thoa k)
The x = 6 vao (1)
thay thoa
Vay phng trnh co
nghiem x = 6
c) k: x - 2 > 0
x > 2
(3)
x
2

(thoa dk)
(khong thoa dk)
x 2 2
x 2 2
The x = 2 2 vao
phng trnh (3) thay
thoa.
Vay phng trnh co
nghiem x = 2 2.
Bi 4a:
(sgk trang70)
- Lam cac bc
nh tren
- Goi hs len bang
- Goi hs nx.
- GV nx.
- Cc cu cn li gii tng
t.
- Nghe hd
- HS len bang
a) k:
x 2
x
x 2 0
x 2 0 2

'
+

'

(1)
(3x + 4)(x + 2) - (x
- 2)
= 4 + 3(x
2
- 4)

9x = -18
x = -2
(loai)
Vay phng trnh vo
nghiem.
Bi 5a, b:
(sgk trang70)
- ay la cac
hphng trnh g ?
Cach giai ?
- Goi hs len bang
- Goi hs nx.
- GV nx
- Hphng trnh bac
nhat 2 an. Giai theo
p
2
cong hoac the
- HS len bang
a)
2x 5y 9
4x 2y 11
+
'
+

4x 10y 18
4x 2y 11
+
'
+
12y = 29
y =
29
12

x =
37
24
.
Vay he phng trnh
co mot nghiem

37 29
;
24 12
_

,
b)
3x 4y 12
5x 2y 7
+
'

3x 4y 12
10x 4y 14
+
'

13x = 26
x = 2
y
=
3
2
.
Vay he phng trnh
co mot nghiem
3
2;
2
_

,
IV. Cng c
Yu cu HS nhc li cc khi nim hc.
Cu hi TNKQ
Cu 1: H phng trnh:
5
7
x y
x y
+
'

c nghim l
A. (6;1) B. (6;-1) C. (-6;1) D. (-6;-1)
Cu 2: H phng trnh:
3 5
6 7
x y
x y

'
+
c nghim l
A. (17;4) B. (-17;4) C. (-17;-4) D. (17;-4)
Cu 3: Phng trnh:
1 1 x x +
c tp nghim l
A. {0;3} B. {1;3} C. {1} D. {3}
Cu 4: Phng trnh:
2
( 1) 2 1 0 m x m + + c nghim vi mi m
A. ng B. Sai
Cu 5: Phng trnh
2
2 1 0 x mx +
c hai nghim phn bit vi mi m
A. ng B. Sai
V. Dn d
Yu cu hc sinh lm thm bi tp, n tp chun b kim tra 1 tit.

Chng IV: BT NG THC. BT PHNG TRNH
Bt ng thc 1 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Bt phng trnh v h bt phng trnh mt n 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Du ca nh thc bc nht 1 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Bt phng trnh bc nht hai n 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Du ca tam thc bc hai 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
n tp chng IV 1 tit

Tun: Tit:
Bi 1: BT NG THC
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Bit c khi nim bt ng thc (bt ng thc ngt, bt ng thc khng ngt,
bt ng thc h qu, bt ng thc tng ng.
Nm c cc tnh cht ca bt ng thc mt cch c h thng, c bit l cc
iu kin ca mt s tnh cht bt ng thc.
2.V k nng
Vn dng c bt ng thc C si v mt s bt ng thc c bn cha gi tr
tuyt i.
3.V t duy, thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
TIT 1
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I/ n tp bt ng thc
1. Khi nim bt ng
thc (SGK trang 74)
Hot ng 1: Trong cc mnh
sau, mnh no ng?
1 HS tr li v 1 HS
nhn xt, tng t cho
hot ng 2.

2. Bt ng thc h qu v
bt ng thc tng
ng (SGK trang74)
3. Tnh cht ca bt ng
thc (SGK trang 75)
Ch : SGK trang 76
a/3,25<4 b/-5>-4
1
4

c/-
2
3
Hot ng 2: Chn du thch
hp in vo:
a/2 2 3 b/
4 2
3 3
c/3+2 2 (
2
1 2) +
d/ a
2
+1 0 , vi a l s
cho.
Gi Hs tr li cc cu hi sau :
? Th no l 1 BT, cho v d.
? Th no l BT h qu,
BT tng ng, cho v d
tng loi.
Hot ng 3 : Chng minh
rng 0 a b a b < < .
Hng dn Hs cch gii quyt.
HS tr li cu hi.
Ta c
0
0
a b a b
a b a b
< <
< <
Suy ra iu phi
chng minh.
II. Bt ng thc C - si
1. nh l
2. Cc h qu
SGK trang 76, 77
Pht biu nh l C si
Hng dn HS chng minh
nh l.
Mc 1: HS t gii quyt.
Mc 2: Bin i mnh
cho tng ng vi mnh
ng
Mc 3:
Yu cu
2 0 a b ab + , ta
CM y l mnh ng.
Khi no ng thc xy ra?
HS gii quyt bi ton sau:
Cho 0 a > , hy chng minh:
1
2 a
a
+
Gi m cho HS cch CM.
Kt qu bi ton trn l h
qu 1 ca BT C si.
Trong tt c cc hnh ch
nht c cng chu vi, hnh no
c din tch ln nht?
Khi no ab ln nht?
Rt ra h qu 2 cho HS.
Gi m cho Hs rt ra h
qu 3.
Nghe hiu v thc
hin ty kh nng HS
m thc hin tng
mc .
Ghi nhn kin thc.
Trnh by cch chng
minh v chnh sa
hon thin.
p dng BT C si
cho 2 s a v 1/a.
Hon chnh bi CM.
Ghi nhn h qu.
Gi a, b l di ca
hnh ch nht. Khi
2 a b ab + .
Khi a = b.
Ghi nhn h qu.
Nghe v tr li cc cu
hi.

IV. Cng c
Gi HS pht biu bt ng thc C si v cc h qu.
V. Dn d
Xem li l thuyt v lm bi tp SGK trang 79.
TIT 2
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Gi Hs nhc li BT C si ?
p dng BT C - si chng minh rng : vi 2 s dng a v b ta lun c : (a+b)
1 1
a b
_
+

,
4
IV. Bi mi
T
G
Bi tp 1, 2 trang 79
Chia 4 nhm hc tp lm vic
theo nhm.
Cu a sai v sao?
Vi x > 5 hy so snh
5
x
v
5
x
1/ d
2/ C =
5
x
- 1
Gii thch: V x > 5
0<
5
x
<1 ;1<
5
x
+1
5
x
-1< 0 ;
5
x
>1
Bi tp 3 trang 79
3a/
C th HS t gii quyt.
Hng dn cho cc HS TB
Kh: Khi no 3 s a, b, c l
di 3 cnh ca mt tam gic?
3b/ Suy ra t cu a.
Tr li.
Hon chnh bi gii.
Bi tp 4 trang 79
Hng dn: Ta dng php bin
i tng ng:
Xt:
( )
3 3 2 2
2 2
( )( ) ( )
x y x y xy
x y x y xy xy x y
+ +
+ + +
( ) ( )
2
x y x y +
Nhn xt kt qu sau khi bin
i.
Trnh by kt qu rt
gn.
Hon chnh bi gii.
IV. Cng c
Nhn mnh cch nh gi p dng BDDT C si cho nhng i lng cn CM.
V. Dn d
Lm thm bi tp trong sch bi tp 10.
Xem trc bi 2 : Bt phng trnh v h bt phng trnh mt n.

Tun : Tit :
2: BT PHNG TRNH VA H BT PHNG TRNH MT N
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Gii thiu cho hc sinh khi nim c bn: bt phng trnh, h bt phng trnh 1 n
(nghim v tp nghim ca bt phng trnh, iu kin ca bt phng trnh, gii bt
phng trnh).
Lm quen vi mt s php bin i tng ng.
2.V k nng
Bit cch vit iu kin ca 1 bt phng trnh. Bit cch nhn bit hai bt phng
trnh tng ng.
Bit vn dng mt s php bin i tng ng bt phng trnh gii nhng bt
phng trnh c th.
3.V t duy, thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I. Khi nim bt phng
trnh mt n
T chc cho HS n tp kin
thc c: Cho bt phng trnh
Nghe, hiu nhim v.
VT: 2x; VP: 3

1. Bt phng trnh 1 n
SGK trang 80
2x3
Ch r v tri ca bt phng
trnh ny?
Cho bit dng ca bt phng
trnh 1 n.
V d: Trong cc s
1
2; 2 ; ; 10
2

s no l nghim
ca bt phng trnh trn.
Gi HS gii bt phng
trnh(tm tp nghim ca bt
phng trnh)
Yu cu HS biu din nghim
trn trc s.
Ghi nhn kin thc.
Trnh by kt qu.
Trnh by bi gii.
Ghi nhn kin thc.
2. iu kin ca mt bt
phng trnh
Cho ( ) 3 1 f x x x + +
;
( )
2
g x x
. Tm iu kin ca x
f(x), g(x) c ngha.
iu kin ca 1 bt phng
trnh.
V d: Tm iu kin ca:
2 5x 3x 4 0 + >
;
x 2
5x 2
3x 1
+
+
HS ln lt trnh by
kt qu gio vin yu
cu.
Chnh sa v hon
thin (nu c).
3. Phng trnh cha
tham s
V d: Cho 2 bt phng trnh
( )
2
2 1 3 0
1 0
m x
x mx
+ <
+
Xc nh n s, v m c vai tr
l g?
x: n s, m: tham s.
Ghi nhn kin thc.
II. H bt phng trnh
1 n
N: SGK trang 81
Cho 2 bt phng trnh 1 n:
3 0 (1)
1 0 (2)
x
x

+
kt hp 2 bt
phng trnh ny ta c:
3 0
1 0
x
x

'
+
y l h bt phng
trnh 1 n.
Th no l nghim ca h bt
phng trnh 1 n?
Phng php gii l g?
Nghe v hiu nhim
v.
Trnh by ring
nghim ca hai bt
phng trnh.
Ly giao tp nghim
ca bt phng trnh.
Chnh sa hon thin.
Ghi nhn kin thc.
III. Mt s php bin i
bt phng trnh
1. Bt phng trnh
tng ng
Bt phng trnh (1) v (2) c
tng ng nhau khng? Ti
sao?
Th no l 2 h bt phng
trnh tng ng?
Tm tp nghim ca
bt phng trnh (1)
v (2) sao so snh 2
tp nghim.
Kt lun.
2. Php bin i tng
ng
Tr lai v du 1.giao
vien cho hoc sinh
So sanh cac
tap nghiem,

nhan xet hai he bat
phng trnh:
'
+

0 1
0 3
x
x
va
'
1
3
x
x
Hai he phng trnh
tng ng va viet :
'
+

0 1
0 3
x
x

'
1
3
x
x
V du 2:Giai bat
phng trnh:
(x+2)(2x-1)-2
x2+(x-1)
(x+3)
Giao vien hng
dan hoc sinh giai cac
bat phng trnh tren.
Khai trien va rut gon
tng ve
Chuyen ve => ve
phai = 0
Rut gon
Tap nghiem
Qua ket qua v du
Giao vien cho hoc
sinh rut ra nhan xet.
V du 3: Giai bat
phng trnh:
2
1
2
2
+
+ +
x
x x
>
1
2
2
+
+
x
x x
Nhan xet mau thc
cua bai toan .
Nhan 2 ve bat
phng trnh vi mau
thc chung: (x2+2)
(x2+1)
Chuyen ve va rut
gon
Tap nghiem
V d :Giai bat phng
trnh:
2
2
+ + x x
>
3 2
2
+ x x
nhn xt.
Ghi nhan kien
thc.
Khai trien va
rut gon
2x
2
+3x-4
2x
2
+2x+3
Chuyen ve:
2x
2
+3x-4-
(2x
2
+2x+3)0
Rut gon: x-1
0
Tap nghiem:
(-
;1]
Ghi nhan kien
thc.
Hoat ong
cua hoc sinh:
x
2
+2>0 , x
x
2
+1>0 , x
(x
2
+2)(x
2
+1)>0 ,
x
Nhan 2 ve
vi mau
thc chung:
4 3 2
4 3 2
2 1
2 2
x x x x
x x x x
+ + + + >
+ + +
Chuyen ve
va rut gon:-
x+1>0
x<1
Tap
nghiem:x<1
ieu kien x
R
Bnh phng 2
ve
x
2
+2x+2>x
2
-2x+3
Chuyen ve

Tong quat hoa cach
giai bat phng trnh
dang :
( ) ( ) f x g x >

'
>
'
>
0 ) (
) ( ) (
0 ) (
0 ) (
) ( ) (
x g
x g x f
x g
x f
x g x f

V du 5:Giai bat
phng trnh:
6
3 3 4
4 4
3 2 5 x x x x
>
+
Hng dan hoc sinh
lam v du
ieu kien
Chuyen ve va rut
gon
Ket hp ieu kien
=> tap nghiem
V du 6: Giai bat
phng trnh:
1
1
x
ieu kien
Xet 2 trng hp
x<1 va x>1
Nhan xet ket qua
bai toan va rut ra
ket luan SGK
V du 7:Giai bat
phng trnh
2
1
4
17
2
+ > + x x
va rut gon:
4x > 1
Tap nghiem
x>
4
1
Nhan xet
ieu kien: 3-x
0
Chuyen ve
va rut gon
x>
3
1
Ket hp vi
ieu kien ta
c he
'

>
0 3
0
3
1
x
x

3
3
1
< x
ieu kien:x
1
Xet hai
trng hp
khi:
x<1 bat phng
trnh vo nghiem
va x>1 nhan 2
vebat phng
trnh vi x-1 ta
c 1 1 x
Nghiem bat
phung trnh la
nghiem cua
he:
'
>

1
1 1
x
x

1 < x <
2
Ghi nhan kien
thc.
.ieu kien: x

ieu kien
Xet 2 trng hp
0
2
1
< + x
va
0
2
1
+ x
Tong hp 2 ket qua
2 trng hp ta
c tap nghiem cua
bat phng trnh
Dang tong quat:
'
>
'
<
>
) ( ) (
0 ) (
0 ) (
0 ) (
) ( ) (
2
x g x f
x g
x g
x f
x g x f
R
Xet 2 trng
hp:
x+
2
1
<0
x<
2
1
Tap nghiem:
x<
2
1
(a)
x+
2
1
0
x
2
1
Bnh phng 2
ve ta c
bat phng
trnh tng
ng:
4
1
4
17
2 2
+ + > + x x x
Nghiem cua
bat phng
trnh la
nghiem cua
he:
'
+ + > +

4
1
4
17
2
1
2 2
x x x
x
4
2
1
< x
(b)
T (a) va (b) ta
co :
'
<
<
4
2
1
2
1
x
x

4 < x
IV. Cng c
1/Tm tat ca cac gia tr cua x thoa man iei kien cua moi
bat phng trnh sau:
a)
2
1
1
+ x
b)
) 3 )( 1 ( 1
2
2
+
>
x x
x
x
2/Cac bat phng trnh sau co tng ng nhau khong? V sao?
a) 2x-3 > 0 va -2x+3 < 0
b) x
2
+1 < 2x
2
-3 va -x
2
+4 < 0

c)
1
1
1
+ x
va 1 1 + x
V. Dn d
Xem li l thuyt v lm bi tp SGK : 1a,1d, 2a, 2c, 3, 4, 5a trang 88.
Tuan: Tiet:
Bai 3: DAU CUA NH THC BAC NHAT
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Khai niem ve nh thc bac nhat, nh ly ve dau cua nh
thc bac nhat.
Cach xet dau tch, thng cua nh thc bac nhat.
Cach bo dau gia tr tuyet oi trong bieu thc cha gia tr
tuyet oi cua nh thc bac nhat.
2.V k nng
Thanh thao cac bc xet dau nh thc bac nhat.
Hieu va van dung thanh thao cac bc lap bang xet
dau.
Biet cach van dung giai cac bat phng trnh dang tch
,thng hoac co cha gia tr tuyet oi cua nh thc bac
nhat.
3.V t duy, thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc

B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Giai cac bat phng trnh sau: a) 5x 2 > 0 b) - 4x + 3 > 0
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I. nh l ve dau
cua nh thc
bac nhat
1. Nh thc bac
nhat
N: SGK trang 89
1) Nh thc bac nhat
co dang f(x) = ax + b
(a 0 )
2. Dau cua nh
thc bac nhat
nh l: SGK trang 89
Qui tac: Trong
trai Ngoai
cung
* GV giup HS tien
hanh cac bc xet
dau
* Tm nghiem
* Bien oi a.f(x)
= a(ax +b) = a
2
(x +
a
b
)
(a
0 )
* Xet dau af(x) > 0 ,
af(x) > 0 khi nao ?
* Bang xet dau
* Ket luan
* Nhan xet
* Minh hoa bang o
th
Goi HS phat bieu
nh l.
*Tm nghiem
cho f(x) = 0
x =
2
*Bien oi
3.f(x) = 3(3x 6)
= 3
2
(x - 2)
*Xet dau
3.f(x) > 0
x >2
3.f(x) < 0
x< 2
*Ket luan
f(x) > 0 khi x > 2
f(x) < 0 khi x < 2
f(x) = 0 khi x = 2
3. Ap dung
Xet dau a) f(x) = -
3x +2 b) f(x) =
mx 1 ( m 0 )
* Giao bai tap cho HS
* Hng dan HS
* Goi HS len bang
* Goi HS nhan xet
* GV nhan xet ,sa
cha sai lam (neu
co )
* Yeu cau HS giai
bai tap nang cao.
a)Tm nghiem x =
3
2
Lap bang xet
dau :
x

3
2

+
f(x) + 0 -
ket luan :
f(x) > 0 khi x <
3
2
f(x) < khi x >
3
2

f(x) = 0 khi x =
3
2
b) giong nh SGK
II. Xet dau tch,
thng cac nh
thc bac nhat
Xet dau : 1) f(x) =
x x
2
2) f(x) =
1
1 2
1
+
x
Cach xet dau nh
thc dang tch ,
thng
* Bien oi thanh
dang tch , thng
( neu co )
* Tm nghiem cua
tng nh thc bac
nhat
* Xet dau tren
cung 1 bang xet
dau (neu la tch
th nhan dau ,
thng th chia dau)
* Ket luan
* GV hng dan HS
phan tch thanh tch
cac nh thc bac
nhat
* Goi HS len bang
giai
* Goi HS nhan xet
* GV nhan xet
3) Ta quy ong a ve
dang thng
Tng bc giong nh
bai 1
*Chu y: bang xet
dau nhan manh cho
khong xac nh
* at tha so
chung
f(x) = x( 1 x )
* Tm nghiem x =
0 , x = 1
* Bang xet dau
:
x

0 1
+
x - 0 +
+
1-x + + 0
-
f(x) - 0 + 0 -
Ket luan :
f(x) > 0 khi 0 < x
<1
f(x) < 0 khi x < 0
hoac x >1
f(x) = 0 khi x = 0
hoac x = 1
2) Quy ong MSC
: 2x 1
f(x) =
2
2 1
x
x
Tm nghiem x = 0
x =
1
2
Lap bang xet
dau
Ket luan:
f(x) > 0 khi x < 0
hoac
x >
1
2
f(x) < 0 khi 0 < x<
1
2
f(x) = 0 khi x = 0
f(x) khong xac
nh khi x =
1
2
.
III. Ap dung vao
giai bat phng
* Giao nhiem vu cho
HS
*Xet dau f(x) =
( - 6 3x ) ( x + 1)

trnh
1. Bat phng
trnh tch, bat
phng trnh
cha an
mau thc
Cac bc giai
bat phng trnh :
* Bien oi e
c 1 ve bang 0
* Xet dau ve
khac khong
* Ket luan
Giai bat phnh
trnh :
1) ( - 6 3x ) ( x + 1)
> 0 2)
x 3
2
1
* Hng dan HS tng
bc
* Xet dau ve trai
* Da vao bang xet
dau ket luan
* Bien oi thanh
phng trnh tng
ng
* Tm nghiem
* Xet dau
* Ket luan
* Tm nghiem : x
= -2,
x = -1
* Lap bang xet
dau
* Ket luan:- 2 <
x < -1
2) Quy ong
ta co :
0
3
1
x
x
tm nghiem , lap
bang xet dau
Ket luan : 1 x
< 3
2. Bat phng
trnh cha an
trong dau gia
tr tuyet oi
Nhac lai: nh
ngha ve gia tr
tuyet oi
| a| = a neu a > 0
hoac
| a | = - a neu a <
0
Giai bat phng
trnh :
| 4 2x | < x
* GV hng dan HS
tng bc
* Goi HS len bang
* Xet bieu thc trong
gia tr tuyet oi
* Giai bat phng trnh
tren tng khoang,
na khoang
* Hp tat ca cac
khoang, na khoang
*Ket luan
* Tm nghiem x =
2
* Lap BXD
* Bien luan theo
x
* Ket luan

3
4
< x < 2
IV. Cung co
Phat bieu nh l ve dau nh thc, cach xet 1 tch, 1 thng.
V. Dan do
Giai cac bai tap 1, 2, 3 SGK trang 94.
Tuan: Tiet:
Bai 4: BAT PHNG TRNH BAC NHAT HAI AN
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hieu khai niem bat phng trnh,he bat phng trnh bac
nhat hai an

Hieu khai niem nghiem va mien nghiem cua bat phng
trnh va he bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an
2.V k nng
Ve c mien nghiem cua bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an
tren mat phang toa o
3.V t duy, thi
Biet quy la ve quen, can than, chnh xac, tch cc xy dng bi.
Hieu,biet va van dung kien thc vao lam bai tap tm
nghiem,bieu dien hnh hoc tap nghiem bat phng trnh va
he bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Ve o th ham so 2x+ y = 3 hay (y = 3 2x)
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I. Bat phng
trnh bac nhat
hai an
SGK trang 94
Hng dan HS lam
quen vi khai niem
mi.
Chu y, ghi bai.
II. Bieu dien
tap nghiem cua
1 bat phng
trnh bac nhat
hai an
Bieu dien hnh hoc
tap nghiem cua
bat phng trnh 2x
+ y3.
* nh ngha mien
nghiem va quy
tac ve mien
nghiem tren he
truc toa o (SGK
trang 95)
GV goi HS nhan xet
o th ham so
( ) chia mat phang
ntn?
Na mp nao cha
nghiem cua 2x + y
3 ?
Bieu dien hnh hoc
tap nghiem cua bat
phng trnh -3x + 2y >
0
Goi HS nhac quy tac
ve miem nghiem
GV hng dan cac
bc tm.
+ Ve (d):-3x + 2y = 0
( ) chia mp ra
thanh 2 na
mat phang
0 (0;0) ,0
() va
2* 0 + 03
Co 4 bc
Ap dung lam
tng bc.

+ Tm M (x
o
;y
o
) ;M
(d)
sao cho -3x
o
+ 2y
o
> 0
+ Na mp b (d)
cha M la mien
nghiem cua bat
phng trnh tren
II. He bat
phng trnh bac
nhat hai an
N: SGK trang 96
V du 2: Bieu dien
hnh hoc tap
nghiem he bat
phng trnh sau.

3 6
4
0
0
x y
x y
x
y
+
'
Gii thieu cho HS

khai niem he bpt va
tap nghiem he bpt
bac nhat hai an.
Goi HS nhac cac
bc tm mien
nghiem cua bat
phng trnh
Hng dan HS tm
nghiem he bat
phng trnh
GV goi HS len bang
ve(d
1
) , (d
2
)
Hng dan HS tm
mien nghiem cua he
phng trnh.
Chu y, theo
doi.
Ve (
1
d
) :3x + y =
6
Ve (
2
d
): x + y = 4
(
3
d
):x = 0
( )
4
d
:y= 0
M (x
o
;y
o
) ,M
(d
1
),
M
(d
2
), M
(d
3
), M
(d
4
) sao cho:
3 6
4
0
0
o o
o o
o
o
x y
x y
x
y
+
'
V du 3: Bieu
dien hnh hoc
tap nghiem he
sau:
'
+ +

8 12 5 2
3 2
x y x
y x
Gv hng dan HS
bien oi.
Tm mien nghiem
tng t nh v du 2.
'
+ +

8 12 5 2
3 2
x y x
y x
'
8 5 10
3 2
y x
y x
III. Ap dung bai
toan kinh te
Bai giai trang 97
SGK
GV hng dan HS
giai
at an x,y chu y k
g?
Tien lai moi ngay?
So gi may M
1
lam?
So gi may M
2

lam?
Do gii han gi lam
cua M
1
va M
2
nen co
k g?
Bai toan tr thanh
giai he bat phng
trnh 2 an va tm
Goi x,y la so
tan sp loai I va
loai II san xuat
trong 1 ngay ( x
0 :y 0 )
2x + 1,6y
3x + y
x + y
'
+
+
4
6 3
y x
y x
Ta co he bat
phng trnh
3 6
4
0
0
x y
x y
x
y
+
'

nghiem (x,y) sao cho
2x + 1,6y ln nhat
+Tm mien nghiem
cua he
+Tm(x
o
,y
o
) trong
mien nghiem sao cho
2x
o
+ 1,6y
o
at gia tr
ln nhat
IV. Cung co
Hay neu quy tac bieu dien hnh hoc tap nghiem cua bat phng
trnh, he bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an.
V. Dan do
Lam bai tap 1, 2, 3 trang 99.
Tuan: Tiet:

LUYEN TAP
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hieu khai niem bat phng trnh,he bat phng trnh bac
nhat hai an
trnh va he bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an
2.V k nng
Ve c mien nghiem cua bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an
tren mat phang toa o
3.V t duy, thi
nghiem,bieu dien hnh hoc tap nghiem bat phng trnh va
he bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Ve mien nghiem cua bat phng trnh 2x+ y > 3
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Bai tap 1, 2
trang 99
Xac nh mien
nghiem cua bat
phng trnh, he bat
phng trnh.
Hng dan va kiem
tra cac bc tm
mien nghiem.
Bieu dien tren
he truc toa o
y ngha hnh
hoc cua mien
nghiem.
Giai tren bang.
Bai tap 3
Bieu dien hnh hoc
mien nghiem cua he
bat phng trnh.
Hng dan hoc sinh
va chnh sa cac sai
sot.
Goi x, y lan lt
la tong san
pham loai I va
loai II.
Lai L = 3x + 5y
Ta c hbpt

x 0
y 0
2x 2y 10
2y 4
2x 4y 12
+
'
nh mien a
giac ABCDEF la:
A(4;1), B(2;2),
C(0;2), E(0;0),
F(5;0) . Lap
bang gia tr
(x;y)---L .Suy ra
KQ: x=4,y=7
IV. Cung co
Cau hoi: Qui tac bieu dien tap nghiem cua bat phng trnh, he
bat phng trnh bac nhat hai an.
V. Dan do
Xem trc bai Dau cua tam thc bac hai.

Tuan: Tiet:
Bai 5: DAU CUA TAM THC BAC HAI
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hieu khai niem phng trnh bac hai.
trnh bac hai.
Nam c cach xet dau tam thc bac hai.
2.V k nng
Van dung dau tam thc bac hai giai bat phng trnh bac hai
mot an.
3.V t duy, thi
nghiem cua bat phng trnh bac hai.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Xet dau bieu thc sau: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 2 3 f x x x + +
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
I. nh l ve dau
tam thc bac hai
1. Tam thc bac
hai
SGK trang 100
Ta nhan thay
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 2 3
2 3
f x x x
x x
+ +
+
Hay tnh: ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ; 2 ; 3 f f f
* Co nhan xet g ve
dau cua chung ?
* Tm nghiem cua tam
thc bac hai ?
Tnh
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 ; 2 ; 3 f f f
.
Nhan xet ket
qua.
x = 1 la nghiem
cua tam thc
bac hai.
2. Dau tam thc
bac hai
* Chia nhom, phan
cong viec cho tng
* Nhn vao Hnh
32 SGK trang 101.

nh l : (SGK trang
101 )
nhom.
* Tong ket ket qua
tng nhom (nhan
xet, anh gia)
* Da vao ket qua
tren hay ien vao
bang sau:
TH1 : 0 > ( H 32 a )
x
1 2
x x +
f(x) ? 0 ? 0 ?
* Co nhan xet g ve
dau cua f(x) va dau
cua a tren tng
khoang.
TH2 : 0 ( H 32 b )
x
2
b
a
+

f(x) ? 0 ?
* Co nhan xet g ve
dau cua f(x) va dau
cua a tren tng
khoang
TH3: 0 < ( H 32c )
x
+
f(x) ?
* Co nhan xet g ve
dau cua f(x) va dau
cua a tren tng
khoang.
* Nhn vao hnh 33
phan a< 0, tien hanh
tng t nh tren.
Tra li cac
cau hoi sau:
1. Tm giao iem
cua (P ) va truc
Ox . T o suy
ra nghiem cua
pt f(x) = 0 , suy ra
dau cua .
2.Ch ra cac
khoang tren o
o th pha
tren truc
hoanh .
3. Ch ra cac
khoang tren o
o th pha
di truc hoanh
.)
ien vao cac
dau ? theo yeu
cau.
Phng phap
xet dau:
Bc 1: giai
phng trnh f(x) = 0
Bc 2: Xac nh
dau
cua a
Bc 3: lap BXD
Bc 4: ket luan
* Hng dan hoc sinh
lam theo tng bc.
cau 1 :
b1 :
2
5 0 ? x x x
b2 : a = ?
b3 : BXD
x
0 5 +
f(x) + 0 - 0 +
b4 : ket luan
( ) 0 ? f x >
( ) 0 ? f x <
* Neu PP xet
dau tam thc
bac hai?
* Xet dau cac
tam thc:
1. ( )
2
5 f x x x

2. ( )
2
9 24 16 f x x x +
3. ( )
2
2 1 f x x +
* Neu cac bc
xet dau tch,
V du 1 : SGK trang 103
Hng dan hoc sinh
T so:
2
2 1 0 ? x x x

thng cua nhng
nh thc bac nhat
.
* Trong bieu thc
tch, thng cua
tam thc bac hai
ta lam nh the
nao?
* Trong bieu thc
tch, thng cua
tam thc bac
nhat, bac hai ta
lam nh the nao?
lam bai :
* Khi xet dau bieu
thc dang thng ta
can chu y ieu g ?
Mau so:
2
4 0 ? x x
Bang xet dau.
KL
II. Bat phng
trnh bac hai
mot an
1 . Bat phng
trnh bac hai
(SGK T 103 )
2. Giai bat
phng trnh bac
hai
( SGK trang 103 )
1. ( )
2
5 0 f x x x <
?
* Tren khoang nay
nhan xet ve dau
cua f(x) va dau he
so a?
2. ( )
2
2 1 0 f x x + >
?
* Cau hoi tng t .
* Neu PP giai bat
phng trnh bac hai ?
* Nhan xet ket qua
bai lam cua hoc
sinh .
* Vay giai bat phng
trnh bac hai la ta
lam g?
Tra li.
* Giai bat
phng trnh sau:
( )
2
9 24 16 0 f x x x +
V du 2: Tm cac tr
cua tham so m e
phng trnh sau co
2 nghiem trai
dau:
2x
2
(m
2
m + 1)x +
2m
2
3m 5 = 0
(*)
Gii
e phng trnh (*)
co 2 nghiem trai
dau khi va ch khi:
a.c < 0
2(2m
2
3m 5) <
0
2m
2
3m 5 < 0
a = 2 > 0
f(m) = 2m
2
3m 5
Gii thiu v d 2.
Khi nao phng trnh
bc hai co hai nghim
trai du ?
Gi HS thit lp bt
phng trnh.
Yeu cu HS gii bt
phng trnh n m.
Gi HS trnh bay.
Ghi v d.
a va c trai du
( a.c < 0 )
Lp bt phng
trnh n m.
Xet du tam thc:
f(m) = 2m
2
3m
5
Trnh bay li gii.

co hai nghim
phan bit :
m
1
= - 1 ; m
2
=
5
2
m -
-1 5/2
+
f(m
)
+ 0 - 0 +
Vy m
5
1;
2
_

,
VD3: Tm m e BPT
sau nghiem ung
vi moi x: x
2
+
2mx + 3m 4 < 0
(**)
bt phng trnh
(**) nghim ung vi
mi x khi va ch khi :
< 0
m
2
+ 3m 4 < 0
(a = 1 > 0)
f(m) = m
2
+ 3m 4
co hai nghim :
m
1
= 1 ; m
2
= 4
m -
4 1
+
f(m
)
+ 0 - 0
+
Vy m ( ) 4;1
Gi HS nhn xet.
Nhn xet, uon nan,
sa cha.
Gii thiu v d 3.
Khi nao bt phng trnh
(**) nghim ung vi
mi x ?
Cho HS thit lp bt
phng trnh n m.
Yeu cu HS gii bt
phng trnh n m.
Gi HS trnh bay.
Gi HS nhn xet.
Nhn xet, un nn, sa
cha.
a ra nhn xet.
Ghi v d 3.
< 0 hoc < 0
Lp bt phng
trnh n m.
Xet du tam thc:
f(m) = m
2
+ 3m
4
Trnh bay li gii.
a ra nhn xet.
IV. Cung co
Cach van dung nh l ve dau cua tam thc bac hai e giai
bat phng trnh bac hai.
V. Dan do
Hoc l thuyet.
Lam cac bai tap 3, 4 trang 105.

Tuan: Tiet:
LUYEN TAP: DAU CUA TAM THC BAC HAI
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hieu khai niem phng trnh bac hai.
trnh bac hai.
Nam c cach xet dau tam thc bac hai.
2.V k nng
Van dung dau tam thc bac hai giai bat phng trnh bac hai
mot an.
3.V t duy, thi
nghiem cua bat phng trnh bac hai.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Xet dau bieu thc sau: ( )
2
1
2 3
x
f x
x x
+
+ +
III. Ging bi mi

T
G
Bai tap 3
a) 4x
2
x + 1 < 0 (1)
f(x) = 4x
2
x + 1 ( a = 4 > 0)
= (1)
2
4.4.1 = 15 < 0
Suy ra f(x) > 0 x
Vy bat phng trnh (1)
v nghim.
b) 3x
2
+ x + 4 0
g(x) = 3x
2
+ x + 4 (a = 3 < 0)
g(x) c 2 nghim:
x
1
= 1 ; x
2
= 4/3
m
-
1
4
3
+
f(m) - 0 + 0 -
Vy
4
1;
3
x
1

1
]

<
+
<
+
+
<
+
2 2
2 2
2 2
1 3
/
4 3 4
1 3
0
4 3 4
8
0
( 4)(3 4)
c
x x x
x x x
x
x x x
h(x) =
+
+
2 2
8
( 4)(3 4)
x
x x x
h
1
(x) = x + 8 = 0
x = - 8
h
2
(x) = x
2
4 = 0 2 x t
h
3
(x) = 3x
2
+ x 4 = 0
1
4
3
x
x
x -
-8 -2 -4/3 1 2 +
h
1
(x) - 0 + | + | + | + | +
h
2
(x) + | + 0 - | - | - 0 +
h
3
(x) + | + | + 0- 0 + | +
h(x) - 0 + || - || + || - || +
Vy x
(;8)
4
2;
3
_

,
(1;2)
Nu cch gii cc bt
phng trnh ?
Yu cu HS gii cc
bat phng trnh.
Gi 2 HS ln bng trnh
by bi gii cu a v cu
b.
Theo di, gip HS
gp kh khn.
Hng dn HS a bt
phng trnh v dng
h(x)<0
Yu cu HS bin i v
xt du h(x).
Gi HS trnh by.
Theo di, gip HS
gp kh khn.
Gi HS khc nhn xt.
Nhn xt, un nn, sa
cha.
a ve dang f(x)
< 0
Xet dau bieu
thc f(x)
Ket luan
nghiem cua
bat phng trnh.
Trnh by cu a:
4x
2
x + 1 < 0
S =
Trnh by cu b:
3x
2
+ x + 4 0
S =
4
1;
3
1
1
]
Bin i bat
phng trnh.
Trnh by cu c:
<
+
2 2
1 3
4 3 4 x x x
S=(;8)
4
2;
3
_

,
(1;2)
a ra nhn xt.
Bai tap 4
Tm cac gia tr cua m
e cac phng trnh sau
vo nghiem:
Hng dan HS
phan tch yeu
cau bai toan.
Xac nh cac
trng hp co
Xet a = 0; a 0

c)
a)
(m2)x
2
+2(2m3)x +5m6 = 0
m < 1; m > 3

b) (3m)x
2
2(m+3)x +m+2 = 0
3
2
< m < 1
the xay ra cua
a thc?
Neu ieu kien
e phng trnh
vo nghiem?
Gi HS trnh by.
Theo di, gip HS
gp kh khn.
Gi HS nhn xt.
Nhn xt, un nn, sa
cha.
a ra iu kin
phng trnh v
nghim.
Trnh by li gii cu
a/ b/
a ra nhn xt.
IV. Cung co
Nhan manh: Cach xet dau va ap dung xet dau tam thc bac
hai vao trng hp cu the tng dang toan.
V. Dan do
Xem lai cac bai tap a sa, soan cac cau hoi on tap chng IV
va cac bai tap.
Tuan: Tiet:
ON TAP CHNG IV
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Toan bo kien thc chng IV.
2.V k nng
Van dung cac kien thc mot cach tong quat, linh hoat e
giai cac bat phng trnh.
3.V t duy, thi
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Long vao qua trnh on tap.
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Hoat ong 1: On
tap ve bat ang
thc
Nhac lai cac tnh
chat va cach
chng minh BT. a) Van dung BT

1. Bt ng thc:
Cho a, b, c > 0. CMR:
a) 6
a b b c c a
c a b
+ + +
+ +
b)
a b
a b
b a
+ +
Neu cach chng
minh BT?
Cosi
2 . 2
a b a b
b a b a
+
b) Bien oi
tng ng
( )
2
0 a b
Hoat ong 2: On
tap giai BPT bac
nhat, bac hai 1 an
2. Giai cac he BPT :
a)
2
2 0
2 1 3 2
x x
x x

'
+ < +
b)
2
4 0
1 1
2 1
x
x x
>
'
<
+ +
c)
2
2
5 2 0
8 1 0
x x
x x
+ <
'
+ +
d)
1 2
2 1 3
x
x

'
+
Yu cu moi nhom
giai 1 he BPT
Gi HS neu cach
giai h bt phng
trnh ?
Yu cu HS gii cc h
bt phng trnh
Gi i din cc nhm
trnh by.
Theo di, gip HS
gp kh khn.
Gi HS nhn xt.
Nhn xt, un nn, sa
sai.
Giai tng BPT
trong he, roi
lay giao cac
tap nghiem.
a)
0 2
1
x
x

'
>

0 x 2
b)
2
2
2
1
x
x
x
x
<
>
'
<
>

2
2
x
x
<
>
c)
5 17 5 17
2 2
4 15 4 15
x
x
< <
'
x
d)
1 3
2 1
x
x

'

1 x 1
Hot ng 3: On tap
bieu dien mien
nghiem cua he BPT
bac nhat hai an
3. Bieu dien hnh hoc
tap nghiem cua he
BPT:
3 9
3
2 8
6
x y
x y
y x
y
+

'

Neu cac bc
thc hien
Yu cu HS thc hin
cc bc.
Gi HS trnh by.
Theo di, gip HS
gp kh khn.
Gi HS khc nhn xt.
Nhn xt, un nn, sa
cha.
+ Ve cac
ng thang
tren cung he
truc toa o:
3x + y = 9; x y =
3;
x + 2y = 8; y = 6
+ Xac nh
mien nghiem
cua moi BPT.
+ Lay giao cac
mien nghiem.
Trnh by li gii.
a ra nhn xt.
IV. Cung co
Cho hoc sinh nhac lai cac kien thc trong tam.
V. Dan do
On tap cac kien thc chng IV.

Lam tat ca cac bai tap co lien quan ti dang toan a hoc.


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Trng THPT Trng Long Ty Ton 10

Chng II: HM S BC NHT V BC HAI

Trng THPT Trng Long Ty Ton 10

3.Cho hc sinh ghi nhn phn

Gii thieu cho HS

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