hh10 - CHUONG 1+2

Trng THPT Trng Long Ty Hnh hc c bn 10
Tun: Tit:
Bi 2: TNG V HIU CA HAI VECT
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hc sinh bit mi vect u c vect i, bit cch xc nh vect i ca 1 vect
cho.
Hc sinh hiu c nh ngha hiu ca 2 vect.
2. V k nng
Hiu c cch dng vect hiu ca 2 vect.
Vn dng thnh tho quy tc v hiu vect vo cc bi tp c th.
3. V thi
Nghim tc, tch cc xy dng bi.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php m thoi, dy hc t vn , din ging.
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, sch gio khoa, sch tham kho (nu c).
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
Gi lp trng bo co s s.
II. Kim tra bi c
Hy nu quy tc 3 im, quy tc hnh bnh hnh?
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Ni dung bi hc Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS
II. Hiu ca hai vect
1. Vect i
Vect c cng di v ngc
hng vi a
r
c gi l vec t i
ca vect a
r
. K hiu l - a
r
.
Mi vect u c vect i.
Vect i ca vect 0
r
l vect 0
r
.
2. nh ngha hiu ca hai vect
Cho hai vect a
r
v b
r
. Ta gi hiu
ca hai vect a
r
v b
r
l vect
( )
a b +
r r
, k hiu a b
r r
.
Quy tc hiu ca hai vect: vi 3
im O, A, B ty , ta c:
AB OB OA
uuur uuur uuur
.
V d: Chng minh vi 4 im A,
B, C, D ty ta lun c:
AB CD AD CB + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
Yu cu thc hin hot
ng 2 SGK trang 10.
Cho tam gic ABC, gi
M, N l trung im ca
AB, AC. Hy tm cc cp
vect i.
Hng dn hc sinh cch
chng minh
+ Chen im D vo vect
AB
uuur
+ Chen im B vo vect
CD
uuur
AB
uuur
v CD
uuur
c cng
di, ngc hng
vi nhau.
V hnh, tho lun
tm cc cp vect.
Chp bi y .
AB DB DA
uuur uuur uuur
CD BD BC
uuur uuur uuur
GV: ng Th Quyn Trang 1
* im I l trung im ca on
thng AB khi v ch khi 0 IA IB +
uur uur r
.
* im G l trng tm ca tam
gic ABC khi v ch khi
0 GA GB GC + +
uuur uuur uuur r
.
+ Suy ra ? AB CD +
uuur uuur
Hng dn hc sinh cch
chng minh v tham kho
SGK.
Th vo gom li
c pcm.
Ch , theo di.
IV. Cng c
Gi HS pht biu quy tc tr (vi 3 im A, B, C) ty , pht biu nh ngha vect i.
V. Dn d
Lm tt c cc bi tp SGK trang 12, xem tip bi Tch ca mt s vi mt vect.
Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP
TNG HIU CA HAI VECT
A. CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hiu c cch xc nh tng, hiu hai vect; quy tc 3 im, quy tc hnh bnh
hnh v tnh cht ca tng vect.
2. V k nng
Vn dng c: quy tc 3 im, quy tc hnh bnh hnh vo cc bi tp c th.
Vn dng vo cc bi ton v hp lc ca vt l.
3. V thi
Tch cc, nng ng xy dng bi.
II. Phng php
Gi m vn p.
III. dng dy hc
dng, thc, compa
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Lng vo qu trnh gii bi tp.
IV.Ging bi mi
T
G
Bi tp 1-12 SGK
Bi tp 2-12 SGK
BT 3,4-12 SGK
BT 5-12 SGK

AB BC a +
uuur uuur
AB BC a 3
uuur uuur
BT 16-12 SGK
Bi tp 10 - 12 SGK
F
3
= 100 3 N
* Gi HS nhc li l
thuyt c lin quan.
Hng dn HS gii
bi tp SGK.
Gi 2 HS nhn xt.
Hon chnh bi gii.
* Gi 2 HS ln gii.
Hon chnh li bi gii.
Hng dn HS cch
gii.
Gi HS nhc li kin
thc lin quan n hp
lc cn bng trong vt
l.
Hng dn HS cch
gii.
Xung phong gii trn
bng.
HS nhn xt, b sung
2 HS gii bi tp.
Chp bi vo tp.
2 HS xung phong.
Ch theo di v gii
bi tp.
Ch , lng nghe.
Ghi bi gii vo v.
IV. Cng c
Nhc li cc dng bi tp chnh lin quan n vect.
Lu mt s li thng gp khi vit vect.
V. Dn d
Lm thm bi tp sch bi tp 10 c bn.
Xem trc bi Tch ca vect vi mt s .
Tun: Tit:
Bi 3: TCH CA VECT VI MT S
CHUN B
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Hiu c nh ngha tch mt vect vi mt s.
Bit cc tnh cht ca tch vect vi mt s.
Hiu tnh cht trung im, tnh cht trng tm.
Bit iu kin hai vect cng phng, ba im thng hng.
Bit nh l biu th mt vect theo hai vect khng cng phng.
2. V k nng
Xc nh c vect
b ka
r
r
khi cho trc s thc k v vect a
r
.
Bit din t bng vect v ba im thng hng, trung im ca mt
on thng, trng tm ca tam gic.
S dng c tnh cht trung im ca on thng, trng tm ca tam
gic gii mt s bi ton hnh hc.
3. V thi
Nghim tc, tch cc xy dng bi.
II. Phng php
Kt hp cc phng php m thoi, dy hc t vn , din ging.
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, sch gio khoa, sch tham kho (nu c).
B. TIN TRNH LN LP
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Chng minh rng: I l trung im ca on thng AB th 0 IA IB +
uur uur r
III. Ging bi mi
IV. Cng c
T
G
1. nh ngha (SGK)
Ta qui c 0. 0, .0 0 a k
r r r r
.
V d: Cho im O v a
r
nh hnh v.
Xc nh A, B sao cho 2 OA a
uuur r
,
3 OB a
uuur r
.
* Cho 0 a
r r
, hy dng
vect a a +
r r
.
* Nhn xt v ln
v hng ca a a +
r r
.
a
r
. O
Thc hin nhim v.
HS pht biu.
Thc hin nhim v.
2. Tnh cht (SGK)
V d: Tm vect i ca vect:
; a ka lb +
r r r
.
* Chnh sa li cho
hon thin (nu c).
* Gi HS nhc li tnh
cht ca php nhn cc
s thc?
* Gi HS nhc li th
no l vect i.
*Gi 1 HS gii v d.
Tho lun v tr li.
Tr li.
1 HS trnh by bi
gii.
3. Trung im ca on thng v
trng tm ca tam gic.
* Nu I l trung im ca on thng
AB th vi mi im M ta c
2 MA MB MI +
uuur uuur uuur
.
I l trung im ca AB

0 + IB IA

0 + + + MB IM MA IM

MI MB MA 2 +
* Nu G l trng tm ca tam gic
ABC th vi mi im M ta c
MG MC MB MA 3 + +
.
Chng minh
G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC

0 + + GC GB GA
MC GM MB GM MA GM + + + + +
=
0
r

MG MC MB MA 3 + +
* Hng dn HS
chng minh.
* Do I l trung im
ca AB nn ta c c
h thc no?
* Hy chen im M
vo h thc trn.
* Chng minh tng
t nh trn.
* Gi HS ln chng
minh.
Tr li.
Thc hin nhim v.
Ln bng chng
minh.
4. iu kin hai vect cng
phng
iu kin cn v hai vect a
r
v
b
r
( )
0 b
r r
cng phng l c mt s k
a kb
r r
.
Ch : Ba im phn bit A, B, C
thng hng khi v ch khi hai vect
AB
uuur
, AC
uuur
cng phng.
A, B, C thng hng
AB k AC
uuur uuur
Tm iu kin
AB
uuur
,
AC
uuur
cng phng. T
nhn xt v v tr
ca 3 im A, B, C ?
Tho lun tr li.
Chp bi y .
5. Phn tch mt vect theo hai vect
khng cng phng
Cho a OA
r uuur
, b OB
r uuur
l hai vect khng
cng phng v x OC
r uuur
(nh hnh v).
Cho hai vect a
r
v b
r
khng cng
phng. Khi mi vect x
r
u phn
tch c mt cch duy nht theo hai
vect a
r
v b
r
, ngha l c duy nht cp
s h, k sao cho
x ha kb +
r r r
.
* Biu din x
r
thng
qua hai vect a
r
v b
r
?
* Chnh sa hon
chnh.
Tho lun.
Trnh by kt qu.
Gi HS pht biu tm tt v tch ca mt vec t vi mt s, tnh cht ca trung im, trng
tm nh th no, iu kin 2 vect cng phng, 3 im thng hng.
V. Dn d
Lm bi tp SGK trang 17.
Xem trc bi tip theo.
Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP
TCH CA MT VECT VI MT S
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1. V kin thc
Cng c, khc su cc kin thc hc v tch vect vi mt s.
Nm vng cc tnh cht ca tch vect vi mt s.
Bit phn tch mt vect theo hai vect khng cng phng.
2. V k nng
Xc nh c vect ka
r
.
Din t c cc biu thc vect v vn 3 im thng hng, trung im
ca on thng, trng tm ca tam gic
Phn tch c mt vect theo hai vect khng cng phng.
Vn dng ton vect gii bi ton hnh hc phng.
3. V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc, tch cc trong hot ng.
II. Phng php
Dng phng php gi m vn p, thuyt trnh.
III. dng dy hc
Gio n, SGK, sch tham kho, phiu hc tp,
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Cu hi: Nhc li quy tc tng, hiu hai vect, quy tc hnh bnh hnh.
Nu tnh cht trung im ca on thng, trng tm ca tam gic.
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Bi tp 1: SGK trang 17
Trnh by ngn gn.
Gi 1 HS ln bng gii BT1.
S dng quy tc g gii
BT1?
1 HS gii bi tp.
Tr li.
Bi tp 2: SGK trang17
Trnh by ngn gn.
Phn tch cch lm cho HS
nm vng.
Gi 1 HS gii BT2, cc HS
cn li gii bi tp vo tp.
Chnh sa bi gii( nu c).
Theo di hng dn.
HS
ln bng gii bi tp,
cc HS cn li thc
hin yu cu ca
GV.
Trnh by ngn gn bi gii.
Hng dn HS cch lm.
Khi D l trung im ca AM
ta c cc h thc no?
AM l trung tuyn ca tam
0 DA DM +
uuur uuuur r
(1)
M l trung im BC.
gic ABC th M l im g ca
BC v ta c c h thc g?
Nu chen im A l
DM
uuuur
v kt
hp vi (1) khi ta c g?
GV nhn xt, hon chnh
bi gii
: 2 D DB DC DM +
uuur uuur uuuur
1 HS ln bng thc
hin.
Trnh by ngn gn bi gii.
Hng dn HS phi CM 2 h
thc:
2 (1)
2 (2)
MN AC BD
MN BC AD
'
+
uuuur uuur uuur

uuuur uuur uuur
Hng dn HS CM (1)
Khi M l trung im cnh AB
ta c c h thc no?
Hy chen im thch hp vo
h thc va c.
Cho HS chen vo v bin i
c (1).
Gi HS chng minh (2).
Hon chnh bi gii.
Theo di.
: 2 N NA NB NM +
uuur uuur uuuur
Chen im C, D vo
, NA NB
uuur uuur
.
Thc hin nhim v.
Thc hin nhim v
Chp bi gii vo.
Trnh by ngn gn.
Cho HS nhn xt v tr ca K,
A, B da vo h thc bi
cho v gii thch v sao?
T nhn xt hy dng im
K.
Hon chnh bi gii.
3 im K, A, B
thng hng v
2
3
KA KB
uuur uuur
.
HS thc hin.
Chp bi vo tp.
IV. Cng c
Nhn mnh cc h thc thng s dng. Cc cch phn tch bi a n bi
gii.
Hng dn Hs lm cc bi tp cn li.
V. Dn d
Lm bi tp y .
Xem k li cc l thuyt.
c trc bi tip theo.
Tun: Tit:
Bi 4: H TRC TA
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Hiu c khi nim trc to , to ca im, ca vect trn trc.
Bit uc khi nim di i s ca 1 vect trn trc.
Bit h trc to , ta ca 1 vect trn h trc.
2/ V k nng
Xc nh to ca im, vect trn trc.
Tnh c di i s, to ca vect thng qua biu thc vect v ngc
li.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
Tch cc hot ng; rn luyn t duy khi qut, tng t.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
1/ Trc v di i s trn
trc.
a) Trc ta .
b) di i s ca vect.
Hng dn hc sinh xem
SGK.
Xem SGK
Nhn xt so snh
di i s ca vect
vi di ca vect.
2/ H trc ta
a/ nh ngha h trc ta
(SGK)
b/ Ta ca vect
( ) ; . . u x y u x i y j +
r r r r
Ta vect: ( ) ( ) 1, 0 ; 0,1 i j
r r
Hai vect ( ) ; u x y
r
, ( ) '; ' v x y
r
bng nhau khi v ch khi
Hot ng 1: Yu cu hc sinh
xem hnh 1.21 tr li cu hi.
Cng c kin thc v h trc
ta , gc ta , cc trc ta
.
Gi 1 HS nhc li quy tc
hnh bnh hnh.
Goi 2 HS phn tch vect , a b
r r
HS tr li.
1 HS tr li.
2 HS thc hin.
'
'
x x
y y

'
c/ Ta ca im
( ) ; . . M x y OM x i y j +
uuuur r r
d/ Lin h gia ta ca
im v ta ca vect
trong mt phng
Cho hai im ( ) ;
A A
A x y
,
( ) ;
B B
B x y
. Khi
( ) ;
B A B A
AB x x y y
uuur
theo 2 vect , i j
r r
.
Lin h ta im vi ta
vect.
V cc im D, E, F.
Yu cu HS tnh cc vect
, , AB AC CB
uuur uuur uuur
Ch , theo di.
A(4;2), B(3;0),
C(0;2).
Thc hin yu cu.
3. Ta ca cc vect u v +
r r
,
, u v ku
r r r
Bng cng thc: (SGK)
V d: Cho ( ) ( ) 1, 4 , 3, 5 u v
r r
.
Hy tm ta ca vect
2 ; 3 ; 2 3 u v u v
r ur r ur
.
Gi HS cho bit cch tm ta
ca u v +
r r
, , u v ku
r r r
?
Hng dn HS cch lm.
Chia nhm thc hin gii bi
tp.
Treo bng ph 1 s bi tp
nhm.
GV nhn xt v iu chnh cho
HS nu c.
Tham kho SGK tr
li.
Theo di v thc
hin gii v d.
HS thc hin gii bi
tp nhm.
4. Ta trung im ca
on thng, trng tm ca
tam gic
Trong mt phng Oxy, cho
im ( ) ;
A A
A x y
, ( ) ;
B B
B x y
,
( ) ;
C C
C x y
.
Khi , ta im I l trung
im ca on thng AB c
tnh nh sau:
2
2
A B
I
A B
I
x x
x
y y
y
+
'
+
Ta im G l trng tm
ca tam gic ABC c tnh
nh sau:
3
3
A B C
G
A B C
G
x x x
x
y y y
y
+ +
'
+ +
Hy cho bit cch tm ta

ca trung im ca on thng
AB.
Cho bit cch tm ta trng
tm ca tam gic ABC.
Tr li.
Tr li
Chp bi y .
VI. Cng c
Hai vect bng nhau khi no
Cch tm ta vect AB
Cch tm ta cc vect tng, hiu
Cch tm ta trung im ca on thng, trng tm ca tam gic.
V. Dn d
Bi tp v nh: bi 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
Lm bi tp n tp chng.
Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP
H TRC TA
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Nm vng khi nim trc to , to ca im, ca vect trn trc.
Bit uc khi nim di i s ca 1 vect trn trc.
Bit h trc to , ta ca 1 vect trn h trc.
2/ V k nng
Xc nh to ca im, vect trn trc.
Tnh c di i s, to ca vect thng qua biu thc vect v ngc
li.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Bi 3: SGK trang 26
Cng thc cn s dng:
( ) ; . . u x y u x i y j +
r r r r
.
Trnh by ngn gn bi gii
* Gi 1 HS pht biu nh
ngha ta ca vect.
* Gi 2 HS ln bng gii.
* Gi 1 HS khc nhn xt bi
lm.
* Hon chnh li bi gii.
1 HS tr li.
HS trnh by li gii
HS nhn xt.
Bi 5: SGK trang 27
Phng php lm
Cho
( )
0 0
; M x y
. Khi ta
im
'
M l i xng ca M
Hng dn HS cch xc nh
ta im i xng.
Chp bi vo v bi
tp.
qua:
( )
( )
( )
0 0
0 0
0 0
Ox : ;
: ;
: ;
M x y
Oy M x y
O M x y

'
Bi tp p dng :
Cho M(-4,6). Khi tm ta
ca im M l im i
xng ca M qua Ox, Oy, gc
ta O.
Gi 1 HS ln gii .
Cc HS cn li lm bi vo v.
Hon chnh li bi gii .
1 HS gii bi tp.
Chp bi vo tp.
Bi 6: SGK trang 28
Phng php lm
Gi
( ) ; D x y
. Khi tnh
( )
( )
;
;
B A B A
C C
AB x x y y
DC x x y y

uuur
uuur
V ABCD l hnh bnh hnh
nn: AB DC
uuur uuur
Hay
B A C
B A C
x x x x
y y y y

'

Tnh x v y, Sau kt lun

ta im D.
Hng dn v phn tch cch
lm cho HS.
Gi 2 HS ln gii bi tp 6.
Gi 1 HS nhn xt.
Hon chnh bi gii v cho Hs
chp vo tp.
Cho HS bi tp tng t v
nh rn luyn thm.
Theo di.
2 HS gii bi tp.
1 HS nhn xt.
Bi 7: SGK trang 29
Gi m cch gii cho HS.
Hng dn cc em nhng gi
thit c s dng.
Lm cho HS t nhn ra
phng php gii.
Gi 1 HS gii bi tp.
Theo di v tr li
cu hi ca GV.
Rt ra phng php
lm dng ton.
1 HS ln gii.
Bi 8: SGK trang 27
Hon chnh bi gii cho HS
Gi 1 HS ln gii.
Gi 1 HS nhn xt bi lm.
Hon chnh bi gii cho HS.
1 Hs gii v d.
1 HS nhn xt.
VI. Cng c
Gi HS nhc li:
Hai vect bng nhau khi no
Cch tm ta vect AB
Cch tm ta cc vect tng, hiu
Cch tm ta trung im ca on thng, trng tm ca tam gic.
V. Dn d
Lm bi tp n tp chng.
Chun b kim tra 1 tit hnh hc.
Tun: Tit:
N TP CHNG I
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Hiu c khi nim na ng trn n v, khi nim cc gi tr lng gic,
bit cch tnh cc gi tr lng gic ca mt s gc c bit.
Hiu c nh ngha v cch xc nh gc gia hai vect.
Cng c cc quy tc, tnh cht ca vect; kn ta ca vect, ca im i vi
h trc to .
Cng c cc php ton vect; di vect, khong cch gia 2 im; ta
trung im on thng, trng tm tam gic
2/ V k nng
Tnh c cc gi tr lng gic c bit.
Xc nh c gc gia hai vect.
S dng c my tnh tnh gi tr lng gic ca mt gc.
Xc nh to ca im, vect trn h trc
Tnh c to ca ca vect khi bit ta hai u mt.
Xc nh c ta trung im on thng, trng tm tam gic.
Tm to ca im khi bit cc to cc im khc thng qua tnh cht hnh
hc.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
H 1: Cng c cc tnh cht, quy tc; to ca vect, khong cch gia hai im
T Ni dung bi hc Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS
G
Ghi mt gc
bng
- Cc quy tc, tnh cht ca vect:
3 im, hbh, k cng phng,
- Hs nhc li to ca mt vect
trong h trc ?
- Hs nhc li to ca mt im
trong h trc?
- di vect
AB
uuur
, khong cch
gia hai im A, B thng qua to
?
- Cc php ton, hai vect bng
nhau
- Pht biu
- Hs ghi bi
- V ra nhp
H 2: K nng vn dng cc tnh cht v quy tc i vi vect
T
G
Tm tt kin
thc.
Sa cha nhng
kt qu ng.
- Gi hs ln bng gii nhng bt 6, 8,
9/27,28 SGK
- Sau 7 pht, tin hnh bc sa cha
- 03 hs ln bng gii
H 3: K nng tnh ton bng to
T
G
Gch chn biu
thc n c trn
bng
- Gi hs ln gii bi tp 9, 11, 12/28
- Hs di lp nhc li nhng tnh cht
lin quan.
- Gio vin nh du hoc gch chn
nhng kin thc lin quan gc bng
- Pht biu ti ch
- 03 hs ln gii
H 4: S dng cc kin thc ca vect v to lm bi tp trc nghim
T
G
- HD hs gii cc btp 4 9; 11, 17, 20,
27 phn trc nghim
- Gi hs gii thch v sao chn p n
, nhm kim tra mc hiu bi
ca hs.
- Suy ngh, tr li chnh
xc
IV. Cng c
Gi HS nhc li cc khi nim c n li.
V. Dn d
Yu cu HS v xem li cc bi tp gii.
Chun b tt kin thc kim tra 1 tit.
Chng II: TCH V HNG CA HAI VECT V NG DNG
Gi tr lng gic ca mt gc bt k t
0
0 n
0
180 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Tch v hng ca hai vect 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
Cc h thc lng trong tam gic 2 tit
Luyn tp 1 tit
n tp chng II 1 tit
Tun: Tit:
Bi 1: GI TR LNG GIC CA MT GC BT K T
0
0
N
0
180
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
2/ V k nng
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Cho im A(1,2), B(0, 6), C( -1, -2). Xc nh im D ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
1. nh ngha
(SGK trang 36)
* Hy cho bit cc gi
tr lng gic m em
c hc cp 2?
* Cho bit
tan , cot
xc nh khi
nh th
no?
Tr li.
Tr li.
Ghi bi.
2. Tnh cht Da vo u ta c Tm hiu SGK v tr
( )
( )
( )
( )
0
0
0
0
sin sin 180
cos cos 180
tan tan 180
cot cot 180

nhng tnh cht ?
Nhn xt tr li ca HS
v iu chnh nu c.
li.
3. Gi tr lng gic ca cc
gc c bit
Bng gi tr lng gic ca gc
c bit (SGK).
Hng dn HS mo
tnh nhanh cc gi tr
lng gic ca gc c
bit m khng cn dng
my tnh.
Theo di cch tnh
nhanh v ghi chp
li.
4. Gc gia hai vect
a/ nh ngha (SGK)
Nhn xt:
K hiu: ( )
, a b
r r
T nh ngha ta c:
( ) ( )
, , a b b a
r r r r
( )
0 0
0 , 180 a b
r r
b/ Cch xc nh gc gia hai
vect a
r
v b
r
chn im O bt k.
Xc nh im A sao cho OA a
uuur r
.
Xc nh im B sao cho OB b
uuur r
.
Khi
( )
, AOB a b
r r
Lu : C th chn im O l
im u ca 1 trong 2 vect a
r
hoc b
r
.
V d 1: Cho hnh vung ABCD
tm O, gi I, K, M, N ln lt l
trung im ca AB, BC, CD, DA.
Xc nh cc gc sau:
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
, , ,
, , ,
,
AB IK BC OM
CD MC KM OK
ON BC
uuur uur uuur uuuur
uuur uuuur uuuur uuur
uuur uuur
V d 2: Cho tam gic u ABC,
AM l trung tuyn. Hy xc nh
gc gia cc cp vect sau:
* Cho bit gc gia hai
vect c s o nm
trong khong no?
* Em c th rt ra c
cch xc nh gc gia
hai vec t t nh ngha
khng?
Gc gia a
r
v b
r
c ph
thuc vo cch chn O
hay khng?
Khi no gc gia hai
vect l
0 0 0
0 ,180 , 90 ?
Hng dn HS cch
gii.
Gi HS ln bng gii.
Tr li
Tho lun v tr li.
Tr li.
Tr li.
Theo di v ln bng
gii.
3 HS gii.
( ) ( ) ( )
, , , , , AB AC BA MB MC MB
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuuur uuur
.
IV.Cng c
Gi HS nhc li cch tm gc gia hai vect. Cch tm 1 s gi tr lng gic ca
cung gc c bit.
V. Dn d
Lm bi tp 1, 2, 5, 6 SGK trang 40.
Tun: Tit:
LUYN TP
1.GI TR LNG GIC CA MT GC BT K T 0
O
N 180
O
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
2/ V k nng
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
H 1: Tnh cc gi tr lng gic ca gc 150
0
IV. Cng c
Lm cc bi tp tng t trong bi tp 10 c bn.
Nhc li mt s ng thc lng gic thng s dng.
V. Dn d
Hc bi.
Xem trc bi 2: Tch v hng ca hai vect.
T
G
Tm tt cc cng thc
lng gic thng dng.
- Gi hs nhc li cc gtlg hc ?
- Cc tnh cht, gii hn, du ca
cc gtlg ty theo tng cung phn
t
- Gi mt hs ln lm hot ng
trn
- Pht biu ti ch
- Hs pht biu
- Lp theo di
Bi tp 1, 3a, 3c
Nhng kt qa ng
chnh sa
- Gi 02 hs ln bng lm bi 1 v
3a, c/40 SGK
- Gv cho hs di lp nhc li
cung gc quan h b nhau, gch
chn di nhng kn lin quan
gc bng.
- Sau 7 pht, tin hnh bc sa
cha.
- 02 hs ln bng
- Lp theo di
- Ghi bi sau khi
chnh sa.
Bi tp 2, 5:
Nhng kt qa ng
chnh sa
- Gi 02 hs ln bng gii bi 2,
5/40 SGK.
- Tin hnh nh nhng bi trn
- Sau 15 pht tin hnh bc sa
cha
- 02 hs ln bng
- Lp theo di
- Ghi bi sau khi
chnh sa.
Bi tp 4:
+ Nhng kt qa ng
chnh sa.
+ Gv hng dn gii bi 4
t hnh v
+ Li gii chnh xc
- Cho lp nhc li cch v gc
trc khi 1 hs ln bng
- 01 hs ln gii
- Hs khc gii bi 4 sau khi
nghe hng dn
- Hs V hnh, xc nh
v tnh ton
Tun: Tit:
Bi 2: TCH V HNG CA HAI VECT
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Hc sinh hiu c gc ca 2 vect, nh ngha tch v hng ca 2 vect.
Hiu c cc tnh cht ca tch v hng cng ngha vt l ca tch v
hng.
2/ V k nng
HS bit s dng biu thc ta ca tch v hng tnh di ca mt
vect.
Tnh khong cch gia hai im.
Tnh gc gia hai vecto v chng minh hai vect vung gc vi nhau.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
IV. Cng c
T
G
1. nh ngha
SGK trang 41
Biu thc:
( )
. . os , a b a b c a b
r r r r r
r
Ch : a b
r r
a.b 0
r r
- Trong trng hp no th
. 0 a b
r r
?
- T , ta c th dng tch
v hng chng minh hai t
vung gc.
- Nu a b
r r
th . a b
r r
?
- Nhn mnh bnh phng v
hng
2
a
r
bng bnh phng di
2
a
r
.
. 0 a b a b
r r r r
Ghi nhn kin thc.
. . a b a a
r r r r
=

. a a
r r
. cos0
0
=
2
a
r
.
2. Cc tnh cht ca tch
v hng
Bng tm tt trang 42
Bng nhn xt: trang 42
- Vi 2 s a, b ta c: ab = ba. Hy so
snh
b a.
v
a b.
.
- Gii thiu cc tnh cht
(SGK trang 42).
- VD: Chng minh cc ng
thc sau:
a)
( ) b a b a b a 2
2 2 2
+ + +
.
b)
( ) b a b a b a 2
2 2 2
+
.
c)
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
a b a b a b a b +
r r r r r r r r
.
Rt ra nhn xt cho Hs.
- Ta c:
. . .cos( , ) a b a b a b
r r r r r r

. .cos( , ) . b a b a b a
r r r r r r
- Ghi nhn kin thc.
a)
( ) ( ) ( )
2
a b a b a b + + +
r r r r r r

( ) ( )
a a b b a b + + +
r r r r r r

2 2
a ab ba b + + +
r rr rr r

2 2
2 a b ab + +
r r rr
.
b),c) chng minh tng
t.
3. Biu thc ta ca
tch v hng
Bi ton: Cho mt phng
Oxy cho 3 im A(2; 4),
B (1, 2), C(6, 2). Chng
minh rng AB AC
uuur uuur
Hng dn Hs xy dng biu thc
ta .Ta c:
2 2
1 i i
r r
;
2
1 j j
r r
; . 0 i j
r r
.
( ) ( )
. ' ' ' ' a b xi y j x i y j xx yy + + +
r r r r r r
2
2 2
a x y +
r
( )
2 2 2 2
. ' '
cos ,
' '
a b xx yy
a b
a b x y x y
+

+ +
urr
r r
r r
Ch , ghi nhn kin
thc.
Gii bi ton.
4. ng dng
a/ di ca vect
Cho vect ( )
1 1
; a a b
r
.
di ca vect a
r
c tnh
theo cng thc:
2 2
1 2
a a a +
r
b/ Gc gia hai vect
Cho vect ( ) ; ; a x y
r
( ) '; ' b x y
r
. Khi gc gia 2
vect c tnh theo
cng thc :
Hng dn Hs xy dng cng thc
tnh di t biu thc ta ca
tch v hng.
V d :
Cho ( ) ( ) 2; 1 ; 3; 1 OM ON
uuuur uuur
Tnh ( )
; ? OM ON
uuuur uuur
Ghi nhn kin thc.
Hs tho lun v ln
bng gii v d.
Trng tm ca bi hc l g?
Qua bi ny HS cn nm nh ngha gc gia hai vect, tch v hng ca hai vect, cc
tnh cht ca tch v hng, biu thc ta ca tch v hng.
V. Dn d
Hc bi, xem li cc v d.
Gii cc bi tp 1, 2, 4, 5 SGK trang 45, 46.
Tun : Tit :
LUYN TP
TCH V HNG CA HAI VECT
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Cng c khi nim gc ca 2 vect, nh ngha tch v hng ca 2 vect.
Hiu c cc tnh cht ca tch v hng cng ngha vt l ca tch v
hng.
2/ V k nng
HS bit s dng biu thc ta ca tch v hng tnh di ca mt
vect.
Tnh khong cch gia hai im.
Tnh gc gia hai vecto v chng minh hai vect vung gc vi nhau.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
IV. Cng c
T
G
Bi tp 1
Yu cu hc sinh v hnh.
Phn tch gi thit.
Cng c kin thc phn tch
vect.
AB AC AB.AC 0
uuur uuur uuur uuur
( )

uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
AC.CB AC AB AC

uuur
2
2
AC a
Bi tp 2
Yu cu hc sinh v hnh. Nu
nhn xt.
a
r
v b
r
cng hng ( )
a;b
r r
=?
( )
cos a;b
r r
a
r
v b
r
ngc hng ( )
a;b
r r
=? ( )
cos a;b
r r
a)
OA.OB ab
uuur uuur
b)
OA.OB ab
uuur uuur
Bi tp 4
Yu
cu
hc
sinh
phn
tch
bi
ton.
Hng dn hc sinh nhn nh
phng php gii.
( Hc sinh c th chng minh
AB.OA 0
uuur uuur
)
a) D(x; 0) Ox.
DA = DB => D(5/3; 0).
b) 2p = OA + OB + AB =
2 10 20 +
c) OA = AB = 10; OB =
20
=>OAB vung cn ti A.
=> S = 5
Bi tp 5
Vn dng tch v hng
tnh gc.
Rn luyn k nng tnh ton,
kt hp kim tra kt qu bng
MTT.
a) a.b 0 a b
r r r r
b)

( )
( )

r r r r
r r
0
2
a.b 13 cos a;b
2
a;b 45
c)
( )
( )

r r r r
r r
0
3
a.b 12 cos a;b
2
a;b 150
Bi tp 6
C nhiu cch chng minh
t gic ABCD l hnh vung. Yu
cu hc sinh pht biu cc cch
.
Chn cch chng minh bn
cnh bng nhau v mt gc
vung.
Yu cu hc sinh v hnh.
* Hnh thoi c mt gc
vung.
* Hnh thoi c hai ng
cho bng nhau.
* Hnh thoi c hai ng
cho vung gc.
* Hnh ch nht c hai
cnh lin tip bng nhau.
Bi tp 7
Cng c phng php ta . C(x; 2)
( ) ( ) CA 2 x; 1 ; CB 2 x; 3
uuur uuur
ABC vung ti C
=> CA.CB 0
uuur uuur
=> x = t 1
=> C(1; 2), C(1; 2).
Nhn mnh cc dng ton trng tm ca bi hc.
V. Dn d
Lm thm bi tp sch bi tp 10 c bn.
Xem trc bi Cc h thc lng trong tam gic v gii tam gic.
Tun : Tit :
3: CC H THC LNG TRONG TAM GIC V
GII TAM GIC
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Hiu c nh l csin, nh l sin, cng thc v di ng trung tuyn ca
tam gic.
Hiu c mt s cng thc tnh din tch tam gic.
Bit c mt s trng hp gii tam gic.
2/ V k nng
Bit p dng nh l csin, nh l sin, cng thc v di ng trung tuyn
gii mt s bi ton c lin quan n tam gic.
Bit p dng cc cng thc tnh din tch tam gic.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
T
G
Gi HS in cc cng thc
2 2 2
c b a + , '
2
b a b
' '
2
c b h , '
2
c a c
c b h a . ,
2 2 2
1 1 1
c b h
+
a
b
C B cos sin ,
a
c
B C cos sin
c
b
C B cot tan
b
c
C B tan cot
1. nh l csin trong
tam gic
a/ Bi ton
- YCHS gii bi ton.
- Thay
c AB b CA a BC , ;
th
ta c iu g?
- Hy pht biu kt qu tng
t?
Chng minh:
2
2 2
( ) BC BC AC AB
uuur uuur uuur
2 2
2 . AC AB AC AB +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
2 2
2 . .cos AC AB AC AB A +
Ta c:
A bc c b a cos 2
2 2 2
+
B ac c a b cos 2
2 2 2
+
C ab b a c cos 2
2 2 2
+ .
Ghi nhn kin thc.
b/ nh l Csin
SGK trang 48
H qu: SGK
VD1: Cho tam gic
ABC c AB=5, BC=6,
gc B=75
0
. Tnh AC
v cc gc A,C ca
tam gic.
Pht biu nh l (SGK).
Hy pht biu bng li
nh l Csin?
Khi tam gic ABC vung,
nh l csin tr thnh nh l
quen thuc no?
T nh l csin tnh cosA
theo a,b,c.
Cho HS ghi h qu (SGK).
Hng dn HS gii v d.
2 2 2
2 2 0
2 . .cos
5 6 2.5.6.cos75 54,5
7, 38.
AC AB BC AB BC B
BC
+
+

2 2 2
2 2
0
0 0
cos
2
54,5 5 6
0,5894
2.7,38.5
53 53'
180 51 7'
AC AB BC
A
ACAB
A
C A B
+
+

Trong tam gic bnh
phng mt cnh bng
tng bnh phng hai
cnh cn li tr 2 ln tch
2 cnh y v cosin ca
gc xen gia.
nh l Pitago.
T nh l csin ta suy
ra:
bc
a c b
A
2
cos
2 2 2
+
Ghi nhn kin thc.

Theo di hng dn ca
GV.
Ghi nhn kin thc.
IV. Cng c
Hy pht biu nh l csin.
Hy nu cng thc trung tuyn.
Hy pht biu nh l sin.
Cng thc din tch tnh tam gic.
V. Dn d
Hc cc cng thc v cch vn dng cng thc vo gii tam gic.
Lm cc bi tp sau: 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9 SGK trang 59.
Tun : Tit :
LUYN TP
CC H THC LNG TRONG TAM GIC V GII TAM GIC
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Cng c khc su kin thc v:
+ nh l csin, nh l sin, cng thc v di ng trung tuyn ca tam gic.
+ Mt s cng thc tnh din tch tam gic.
2/ V k nng
Bit p dng nh l csin, nh l sin, cng thc v di ng trung tuyn
gii mt s bi ton c lin quan n tam gic.
Bit p dng cc cng thc tnh din tch tam gic.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
III. Ging bi mi
Kt qu:
1)
0 0 0 0
32 58 90 90 B C
1 , 61 58 sin . 72 sin
0
B a b
2 , 38 32 sin . 72 sin
0
C a c
4 , 32
72
2 , 38 . 1 , 61

a
bc
h
a
.
2)
0
2 2 2 2 2 2
36
809 , 0
54 . 85 . 2
1 , 52 54 85
2
cos

A
bc
a c b
A
Tng t ' 32 37 , ' 28 106
0 0
C B .
3)
2 2 2
2 2 0
2 cos
8 5 2.8.5.cos120 129
a b c bc A +
+

36 , 11 a
.
' 36 37
7923 , 0
5 . 36 , 11 . 2
8 5 129
2
cos
0
2 2 2 2 2

B
ac
b c a
B
' 24 22 ' 36 37 120 180 180
0 0 0 0 0
B A C
.
5) A AB AC AB AC BC cos . . 2
2 2 2
+

mn n m BC
mn n m
n m n m
+ +
+ +
+
2 2
2 2
0 2 2
120 cos . . . 2
6a) Ta c c l cnh ln nht nn gc C l gc
ln nht.
' 47 91
03125 , 0
10 . 8 . 2
13 10 8
2
cos
0
2 2 2 2 2 2

C
ab
c b a
C
Vy tam gic ABC c gc C l gc t.
b)
( )
4
8 ) 13 10 ( 2
4
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
+
+

a c b
m MA
a
9 , 10
5 , 118

MA
.
7a) V c l cnh ln nht nn gc C l gc ln
nht. Ta c:
' 17 117
4583 , 0
4 . 3 . 2
6 4 3
2
cos
0
2 2 2 2 2 2

+
C
ab
c b a
C
b) Gii tng t a: Gc ' 41 93
0
A .
8)
0 0 0 0 0
40 57 83 180 180 C B A
96 , 106
40 sin 2
5 , 137
sin 2

A
a
R
.
33 , 212 83 sin . 96 , 106 . 2 sin
0
B R b .
41 , 179 57 sin . 96 , 106 . 2 sin
0
C R c .
9) Gi O l tm hnh bnh hnh. Khi :
10)
1
35.00
48.00
AA
BB
PP Q
Ta c:
0 0 0 0
132 48 180 180 BQA PQB
0 0 0 0 0
13 132 35 180 180 PQB BPQ PBQ
T
G
Bi tp 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
T chc cho HS t n li kin
thc.
T n li kin thc.
c , hiu nhim v.
Tm phng n gii.
Trnh by KQ.
Chnh sa, hon thin (nu c).
Bi tp 8, 9, 10, 11.
T chc cho HS t n li kin
thc.
T n li kin thc.
c , hiu nhim v.
Tm phng n gii.
Trnh by KQ.
Chnh sa, hon thin (nu c).
,
_
+

4 2
4 4
2 2 2
2 2
BD AD AB
AO AC
2 2 2 2
) ( 2 BD AC AD AB + +
2 2 2 2
) ( 2 n m b a + + .
9 , 764
13 sin
35 sin . 300
sin
sin .
0
0

PBQ
BPQ PQ
BQ
4 , 568 48 sin . 9 , 764 sin .
0
BQA QB AB .
11) Tng t bi 10:
8 , 22 CD
.
IV. Cng c
Ni dung c bn ca phn ny l g?
Qua phn ny HS cn gii c mt s bi ton lin quan n gii tam gic.
V. Dn d
Hc bi.
Lm cc bi tp 2.29, 2.33, 2.40, 2.42 (sch bi tp).
Tun : Tit :
N TP CHNG II
A. Chun b
I. Mc tiu bi dy
1/ V kin thc
Gi tr lng gic ca mt gc bt k t 0
0
n 180
0
.
nh ngha tch v hng ca hai vect.
nh l csin, nh l sin trong tam gic, cng thc trung tuyn v cc cng thc
tnh din tch tam gic.
2/ V k nng
Vn dng tch v hng, nh l csin, nh l sin trong tam gic, CT trung tuyn
v cc CT tnh din tch tam gic vo bi ton chng minh, tnh ton.
3/ V thi
Cn thn, chnh xc.
Tch cc hot ng; rn luyn t duy logic.
II. Phng php
III. dng dy hc
B. Tin trnh ln lp
I. n nh lp
II. Kim tra bi c
Cu hi 1 (SGK)
III. Ging bi mi
IV. Cng c
T
G
Cu hi 1 - Gi 1HS ln bng.
nh ngha cc gi tr lng
gic ca mt gc vi
0
0
180
0
.
Cu hi 2
Tnh cht hai gc b nhau.
Tr li cc cu hi: Hai gc b
nhau?
sin52
0
= . .128
0
; cos115
0
= ?
Cu hi 3
nh ngha tch v hng.
( )
a.b a. b.cos a;b
r r r r r r
Bi tp 4
Biu thc ta ca tch
v hng.
Trong mpOxy cho ( )
1 2
a a;a
r
v
( )
1 2
b b;b
r
.
1 1 2 2
a.b a.b a .b +
r r
=> a.b 4
r r
Bi tp 5
nh l Csin => Cng
thc tnh cos.
a
2
= b
2
+ c
2
2bc.cosA =>
2 2 2
b c a
cosA
2bc
+
Cu hi 6
Lin h gia nh l Csin
v nh l Pitago
A = 90
0
a
2
= b
2
+ c
2
.
Cu hi 7
nh l Sin.
a b c
2R
sinA sinB sinC

=>
Cu hi 8 Cng thc tnh cosA Gc A nhn a
2
< b
2
+ c
2
Bi tp 9 p dng nh l sin
a
R 2 3
2sinA

Bi tp 10
Cng thc tnh din tch
tam gic v di ng
trung tuyn.
p = 24 => S = 96, h
a
= 16R =
10, r = 4
+

2 2 2
2
a
a
2(b c ) a
m 292
4
m 17,09
II. Cu hi trc
nghim
Hng dn hc sinh gii
cc cu hi trc nghim.
Kt hp kim tra bi c v
cc kin thc c lin quan
(nh l sin, csin, cng thc
tnh di ng trung
tuyn, cc cng thc tnh
din tch tam gic).
1 2 3 4 5
C D C D A
6 7 8 9 10
A C A A D
11 12 13 14 15
A C B D A
16 17 18 19 20
C D A C D
21 22 23 24 25
Hc sinh trnh by cng thc
v vn dng vo bi tp.
1), 4), 6), 7), 9), 19) S dng
MTBT kim tra cc la chn
A, B, C, D.
2), 3), 5), 8) vn dng kin
thc, suy lun, kt hp vi
kim tra bng MTBT.
10), 12), 13), 14) kt hp vn
dng cng thc vi v hnh.
10)
11)
( )
( )

r r r r
Z Z
r r
0
a b a;b 0
cos a;b 1
.
12)
Cng c cc phn trng tm.
V. Dn d
Xem li chng II, c trc chng III.

hh10 - CHUONG 1+2

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hh10 - CHUONG 1+2

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Trng THPT Trng Long Ty Hnh hc c bn 10

uuuur uuur uuur

Hy cho bit cch tm ta

Tnh x v y, Sau kt lun

Ghi nhn kin thc.

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