THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.

Trng i Hc Bch Khoa H Ni Khoa in T Vin Thng *************

THIT K MCH IN S DNG PHN MM ORCAD Mch o v iu khin nhit dng VK AT89S52

Gio vin hng dn : Thy V Hng Vinh Sinh vin : Trn c Khoa Lp : in t 9 K50

H Ni, 11/2008
Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa 1 Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

THIT K MCH IN S DNG PHN MM ORCAD Mch o v iu khin nhit dng VK AT89S52 MC LC Gii thiu .... trang 3 V s nguyn l Orcad Capture ..... trang 9 V mch Orcad Layout ... trang 18 Cc bc lm mch In ti nh . trang 42 Kt lun ... trang 45

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

1. Gii Thiu : 1.1. Chc nng: Mch o v iu khin nhit gm cc chc nng sau: - o nhit phng v hin th ln LCD. - So snh nhit vi nhit gii hn trn Tmax v gii hn di Tmin c l trong EEPROM v a ra cnh bo, cng nh bt my lm lnh hay lm nng phng. - Gi d liu lin tc ln PC thng qua giao tip ni tip RS232, dng phn mm trn PC hin th th nhit . 1.2. Cc linh kin trong mch: - AT89S52: vi iu khin
Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa 3 Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

- ADC 0809: b chuyn i tng t - s - EEPROM 24C04: b nh xa bng in - LM 35DZ: cm bin nhit - LM 7805: n p 5V - LCD 16x2: mn hnh hin th - DB9: cng ni tip giao tip my tnh - Crystal: thch anh 12MHz - R: in tr cc loi (100m, 1kilm, 4,7 kilm,) - C: t in cc loi (33p, 4,7uF, 10uF,) - Bin tr tinh chnh - Cng tc n 1.3. Cc khi trong mch: - Khi iu khin trung tm:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

- Khi hin th:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

- Khi cm bin nhit v ADC:

- Khi EEPROM:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

- Khi giao tip my tnh:

- Khi ngun:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

- Khi cng tc:

- Drill:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

2. V s nguyn l Orcad Capture: Trc khi tin hnh v mch in th cn phi c 1 s nguyn l chnh xc ,y l yu t quan trng tin quyt quyt nh ti vic thit k mch in . to s nguyn l ta s dng chng trnh Capture c trong Orcad. chn Start > Programs > Ocard 9.0 > Capture

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Trn mn hnh ca s Ocard Capture xut hin ta nhp chut vo menu File > New > Project. Hp thoi New project , ti khung Name nhp vo tn ca s nguyn l s to . Nhn vo nt Browse chn ng dn cha s mch . Nhn OK tr v mn hnh lm vic

tin hnh ly linh kin chn Place > part. Hp thoi Place part xut hin, nu l ln u s dng Orcad Capture th cn phi Add Library

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

10

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

11

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Ly cc linh kin no ra th g tn linh kin Part, tng t nh AT89C52 sau:

Vi nhng linh kin khng c sn trong cc th vin trn th chng ta to mi linh kin nh sau: To mi cm bin nhit LM35Dz: Chn File New Library New Part:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

12

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Sau dng cc cng c hnh di v v to c linh kin cn thit

Kt qu:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

13

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Trong qu trnh chn sp xp linh kin ta c th xoay linh kin bng phm tt R Sau khi tin hnh ly y linh kin, i dy cho mch nguyn l chng ta s dng cng c Place wire hoc phm tt l W.

Tip theo chng ta tin hnh cp ngun cho cc linh kin. Khu ny cn m bo cc linh kin c cp ngun ging nhau th gi tr in p cng phi ging nhau ( C tn ngun cp ging nhau ). Thc hin vic ny bng cng c Place power v Place ground.

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

14

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

15

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Kt qu s hon chnh:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

16

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Bm vo nt Restore trn ca s thu nh mn hnh lm vic . Kch hot ca s qun l Project bm chn trang s va thit k . Sau bm vo biu tng Design rules check trn thanh cng c kim tra s nguyn l . Hp thoi Design rule check xut hin bm OK kim tra. Bm chn biu tng Create Netlist trn thanh cng c to lp netlist c phn m rng .MNL . Hp thoi Create netlist xut hin chn Layout, ti Options chn Run ECO to Layout t ng cp nht s thay i s nguyn l vo Layout, ti khung Netlist File chn th mc cha tp tin .MNL. Chn xong bm OK.

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

17

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

3. Thit k mch in bng Orcad LAYOUT:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

18

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

S dng Ocard layout, sau khi mn hinh layout xut hin chn File > New. Hp thoi Load Template File xut hin . Bn trong hp thoi nay l danh sch cc dng bn mch ta chn DEFAULT.TCH sau bm Open.

Hp thoi Load netlist suorce xut hin . Trong hp thoi nay chn tp tin .MNL to ra trong chng trnh v mch nguyn l Capture. Chn xong bm nt Open . Hp thoi Save File As xut hin yu cu nhp tn lu bn mch nhn nt Save tip tc.

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

19

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Nu nhng linh kin ln u c s dng th hp thoi Link footprint to compoment xut hin gip ta chn chn cho cc linh kin trong mch. Nhn chut vo nt Link existing footprint to compment ta ti th vin chn linh kin cho mch chun b v. Khi v mch, mi ngi nn t to 1 th vin chn cc linh kin ca ring mnh, v d th vin sau:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

20

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Cch to 1 linh kin mi: Chn FileLibrary Manager hoc chn cng c Library Manager nh hnh di y: Chn Create of Footprint, in tn linh kin cn to Name of Footprint, n v l Metric

Trong , 2,54 l khong cch gia cc l chm; 0,635 l bc di chuyn ca cc chn linh kin.
Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa 21 Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Khi ta c:

Chn kiu chn ca linh kin: nhy phi vo chn , chn Properties.., trong phn Padstack Name l tn loi chn T1, T2,

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

22

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Trc khi v 1 linh kin th phi cm linh kin trn bo trng v o khong cch gia cc chn. ADC0809 c 28 chn, to thm cc chn cn li, nhy phi vo Pin1 New hoc n Insert ri di chuyn cc chn cn li n cc v tr ca n. Ta c:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

23

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Tip theo cn v khung v vit tn linh kin s dng 2 cng c: Sau khi la chon cong c, nhy phi, chn New Properties

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

24

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Kt qu:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

25

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Bc cui cng l l linh kin mnh va v li: trong phn Save Footprint As.., Name of footprint l tn linh kin, nu chng ta cha c th vin ring th nhy vo Create New Library.. chn ng dn v tn th vin mi nh hnh bn di:

Thc hin hon ton tng t, chng ta tao c cc linh kin cn li. Sau khi chn xong chn linh kin trn mn hnh s xut hin ton b hnh dng chn cm ca linh kin v dy ni linh kin, n cc dy ni nhn ri, ta nhy vo cng c Reconector Mode nh sau :

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

26

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Tip theo l chn s lp v,vic t lm mch IN nh ch c th v 1 lp nn chng ta chn nh sau: Nhn chut vo biu tng View Spreadsheet sau chn Strategy > Route Layer. Hp thoai xut hin , ti mc Enabled nhn chn cc lp ko v mch in , sau nhn phi chut v chn lnh Properties khi hp thoi Edit layer Strategy xut hin b du Routting Enabled, sau bm Ok.

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

27

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Click vo Routing Enabled:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

28

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Kt thc vic chn v 1 lp. nhn mch c r hn, ta khng cho hin th lp ASYTOP bng cch chnh sa vo Colour Setting nh sau:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

29

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

B tr linh kin cho hp l l 1 trong nhng iu kin quan trong quyt nh ti cht lng , kh nng chng nhiu , tnh thm m , v kh nng d i dy ca mch ngoi ra cn c s tham gia ca cc yu t yu cu v kch thc mch , yu cu v linh kin lm mch ( loi thng hay dn ) , yu cu v kh nng thc hin mch nhiu lp c th lm nhiu hn 2 lp ) Khi b tr linh kin ta dng cng c Component Tool ,y l cng c dng di chuyn cc linh kin , trong qu trnh di chuyn s dng cc phm tt R (xoay linh kin ). Cc phm tt O vI dng zoom in v zoom out. Chn cng c: v sp xp linh kin cho hp l nht, ta c:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

30

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Trc khi bt u vic i dy, chng ta chn kch thc dy: Chn kch thc thch hp cho tng ng mch ( Ch cc ng ngun cn c kch thc ln hn cc ng tn hiu ). lm vic ny ta nhn chut vo biu tng View Spreadsheet sau chn Strategy >Nets ,hp thoi Nets hin ra cho php ta chn chi tit kch thc cho mi ng mch

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

31

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

32

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Mch t lm nh nn kch thc ca dy nh sau l hp l:

Sau khi iu chnh xong , ta bt u tin hnh i dy. i vi cc mch khng phc tp th c th dng cng c Autoroute ca Orcad t ng i dy , tuy nhin i dy bng tay tt hn nhiu do ngi thit k ch ng trong cc ng mch v gip mch in c tnh linh hot hn . i dy bng tay ta dng cc cng c Edit Segment Mode,Shove Track Mode , Add/Edit Route Mode cng c cho php i nhng ung dy vung gc v vt gc. Vi nhng ng dy rt nh, cn phi i qua chn linh kin, ta nhy vo ng dy , n W, bng sau hin ra, chn rng ng dy l 0,5 nh sau:

Vi nhng ng dy no khng th i 1 lp c, ta s cu dy, bng cch i dy t 2 pha n v tr thch hp, ri n phm V (Via), chng ta s dng dy ng ni 2 l Via sau. (Dy Via c mu vng nh hnh di y).
Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa 33 Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Tip theo l chn kch thc l chn linh kin: chn kch thc v hnh dng cho chn linh kin ta dng cng c Pin Tool v Padstacks . Nhn chut vo biu tng Pin Tool sau nhn chut vo chn linh kin cn chnh sa , nhn chut vo biu tng View Spreadsheet sau chn Strategy > Padstacks ,hp thoi Padstacks hin ra cho php ta chn chi tit kch thc cho mi chn linh kin. Nhy vo loi chn no th chn trn mch s c mu trng:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

34

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Vic i dy ph thuc vo nhiu yu t , trong yu t ngi thit k ng vai tr quan trng , ngi thit k kinh nghim s c mch in p v m bo cht lng , tuy nhin lun phi m bo cc tiu ch sau : +) Cc ng mch khng c i chp vo nhau .. +) Cc ng tn hiu phi xa cc ng ngun trnh nhiu . +) Cc ng ngun bao gi cng cn kch thc ln hn cc ng tn hiu. Tip theo, chng ta ch cho hin th lp BOTTOM mu bng cch chn tt c cc lp cn li v nhy chut phi chn Invisible:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

35

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Ta c:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

36

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Tip theo l vit tn ca mch v tn mnh ln mch:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

37

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

38

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Do mch ny c rt nhiu ng tn hiu nn ta s dng phng php ph ng chng nhiu tt hn gia cc ng tn hiu vi nhau . thc hin vic ny ta dng cng c Obstacle Tool NewProperties nh sau:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

39

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

bit kch thc tht ca mch IN th chn nh sau:

s c

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

40

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Kt qu:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

41

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

4. Lm mch IN: Dng c:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

42

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Nu chng ta khng c my IN ti nh th cn phi convert t file mch *.max ca chng ta thnh file *.pdf mang ra ca hng IN, y em dng phn mm to my IN o Solid Converter PDF. Cc bc y thc hin cng vic trn nh sau:

nh du chn vo: Keep Drill Holes Open to l khoan Force Black & White cht lng mc IN tt nht Tip theo l chn my IN:

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

43

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

44

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

n vo Create, ta oc file PDF nh sau:

Giy In em dng l mt bng ca giy can (mu vng, 500d/t) Cc bc c th: - In mch trn ln mt bng ca giy can. - Dng giy rp nh sch php ng, ct php ng va bng mch. - Dng bn l, l sao cho mc trn mt bng ca t giy ln ht php ng (khong 5 pht ), l qu lu s lm cho php ng b cong. - n mn ng bng ha cht FeCl3: Phi nc m vo chu trc, sau cho FeCl3 vo (khng lm ngc li). Cho php ng vo chu dung dch FeCl3 ny, lc chu qua li, nu cho nhiu FeCl3 th qu trnh n mn din ra rt nhanh, khong 3 pht. - mt cht Xilen (ty mc) ln mch v ly gi lau mc i, lc ny trn mch ch cn nhng ng ng. - Bo v mch: Nghin nh nha thng, ha vi xng, c mt dung dch lng, trng dung dch ny ln mt ng, mch s c mu vng bng v khng b xi ha. - Bc cui cng l khoan l chn linh kin.

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

45

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN

THIT K MCH IN DNG ORCAD 9.0

Kt qu:

5. Kt lun : Mch o v iu khin nhit trn c thit k bng orcad 9.0. Qua bi thc hnh ny cho ta nhng kin thc c bn v vic thit k mch bng orcad,gip sinh vin nm vng cc bc lm c mch in trong thc t. Vic bt u tip cn v mch bng Orcad thng kh khn, nhng nu kin tr thc hnh t thit k v v mt s mch th s c thm nhiu kinh nghim. Vic t lm mch yu cu phi v mch trn lp BOTTOM, v trn lp TOP chn cc linh kin s b o ngc.

Sinh vin: Trn c Khoa

46

Lp in t 9 K50 H BKN