Hi nhp nn kinh t, cc nh doanh nghip cn phi chun b v thc hin nhng g?.

y c l l mt trong nhng cu hi m mi nh qun tr doanh nghip u t ra cho doanh nghip ca mnh trin khai n a cng ty cng hi nhp theo nn kinh t th gii. V theo chng ti qun tr cht lng c th lm thay i nhanh chng cch thc nhiu t chc tin hnh cc hot ng kinh doanh, Nu doanh nghip bit p dng n vo trong sn xut kinh doanh th doanh nghip c kh nng mang li thu nhp cao , tng khch hng tim nng cho doanh nghip, qung b c thng hiu ca mnh, mt trong nhng b quyt thnh cng ca doanh nghip chnh l cht lng sn phm t hiu qu cao. V mt trong nhng cng c qun l cht lng gip cng ty ci thin cht lng ca sn phm l 6-Sigma, mt h phng php gim thiu li sai st trong quy trnh sn xut. Nu nh cng ty p dng tt phng php ny th nh qun tr cng a doanh nghip mnh hi nhp c vo nn kinh t.

I.Tng quan v Six Sigma

Six Sigma l mt h phng php ci tin quy trnh da trn thng k nhm gim thiu t l sai st hay khuyt tt n mc 3,4 li trn mi triu kh nng gy li bng cch xc nh v loi tr cc ngun to nn dao ng (bt n) trong cc quy trnh kinh doanh. Trong vic nh ngha khuyt tt, Six Sigma tp trung vo vic thit lp s thng hiu tng tn cc yu cu ca khch hng v v th c tnh nh hng khch hng rt cao. H phng php Six Sigma da trn tin trnh mang tn DMAIC: Define (Xc nh) Measure (o Lng) Analyze (Phn Tch) Improve (Ci Tin) Control (Kim Sot) y l mt trit l qun l tp trung vo vic loi b nhng sai li, lng ph v sa cha. 6-sigma xc nh mt mc tiu cn t c v phng php gii quyt vn lm tng mc hi lng ca khch hng v ci thin ng k hiu qu cui cng. Six Sigma khng phi l mt h thng qun l cht lng, nh ISO 9001, hay l mt h thng chng nhn cht lng. Thay vo , y l mt h phng php gip gim thiu khuyt tt da trn vic ci tin quy trnh. i vi a s cc doanh nghip Vit Nam, iu ny c ngha l thay v tp trung vo cc xng cht lng vn u tin vo vic kim tra li trn sn phm, hng tp trung c chuyn sang ci thin quy trnh sn xut cc khuyt tt khng xy ra. C nhiu doanh nghip vit nam suy ngh rng ci thin cht lng s tn tin, do h t hi, chng ta c th cung cp cho khch hng mc cht lng nh th no vn kim c tin? Nhng cc cng ty p dng h thng 6 sigma vi cch ngh khc. Cht lng tit kim tin bc, bi v s t ph phm t chi ph bo hnh, t hon tr li tin. Nh vy s lm ra c nhiu tin hn. Tuy nhin cc cng ty khn ngoan hn ch trng vo vic khng phm li trong vic cung cp cc sn phm v dch v, khng ty tin trong nhng cng vic h ang lm. iu thc s quan trng.

II. Lch s hnh thnh six Sigma :

Six Sigma c hnh thnh tp on Motorola vo nm 1987 di s lnh o ca Bob Galvin Gim c iu hnh, cc k s quyt nh rng cc cp cht lng truyn thngo lng cc sai li trong hng nghn c hi s khng a ra m bo tin cy. Thay vo , h mun o lng cc sai li trn 1 triu c hi. Motorola pht trin tiu chun mi ny v to ra hc thuyt mi lm thay i vn ha ca mnh. 6 sigma gip Motorola to ra cc kt qu y thuyt phc t cc hot ng bn di, bng chng l h tit kim 16 t la thng qua cc n lc thc hin 6 sigma ca mnh. Sau c ph bin rng ri bi thnh cng ca tp on Generala Electric (GE) vo thp nin 90. Tip theo cc t chc nh American Standard, Citigroup, Motorola, Starwood Hotels, Dopont, Dow Chemical, Kodak, sony, IBM, Ford trin khai cc chng trnh Six Sigma xuyn sut cc hot ng kinh doanh a dng t sn xut cng ngh cao cho n dch v v cc hot ng ti chnh. T , hng trm cng ty trn khp th gii ng dng 6 sigma nh mt cch lm kinh doanh. y l mt h qu r rng t pha cc nh lnh o M mong ngy m hiu qu t 6 sigma, chng hn nh cc nh lnh o Larry Bossidy ca Allied Signal (gi l Honeywell) v Jack Welch ca General Electric l nhng ngi i u trong vic ng dng 6 sigma cho s thnh cng ca Tp on mnh.

Tuy cha c ph bin rng Vit Nam nhng mt vi cng ty c vn u t nc ngoi nh American Standard, Ford v Samsung a chng trnh Six Sigma vo trin khai p dng . Kt qut kho st gn y cho thy : Khong 22% trong tng s cc cng ty c kho st ti M ang p dng Six Sigma. 38.2% trong s cc cng ty p dng Six Sigma ny l cc cng ty chuyn v cc ngnh dch v , 49.3% l cc cng ty chuyn v vn sn xut v 12.5% l cc cng ty thuc cc lnh vc khc.