T m th ch mu (BA)

S d ng : nui cy, phn lp v pht hin s tan mu quanh khun lc ca Streptococcus, khun cu phi v cc vi sinh vt kh mc khc. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Streptococcus pneumoniae : Tng trng tt, tan mu Alpha Streptococcus pyogenes : tng trng tt, Beta-tn huyt
: aerobic 35 C, 24 gi. Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Chocolate t m th ch (CA)
S d ng : nui cy, phn lp nhiu loi vi sinh vt kh tnh (cn nhiu dinh dng) Ki m sot sinh v t :

Hemophilus influenzae v Neisseria gonorrhoeae : tng trng tt

: CO 2 , 35 C, 24 gi. Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

MacConkey t m th ch (MC)
S d ng : phn lp, chn lc v phn bit cc dng vi khun coli v tc nhn gy bnh ng rut da trn kh nng ln men lactose. Lactosefermening lm xut hin mu hng trn khun lc. Lactose-nonfermenting khun lc khng mu hoc trong sut Ki m sot sinh v t :

Escherichia coli : khun lc mu hng (ln men lactose) Proteus mirabilis : khun lc khng mu ( khng ln men lactose) Enterococcus sp. : Khng pht trin
: Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi. Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Mueller-Hinton agar t m (MHA)

S d ng : kim tra tnh nhy cm khng sinh ca mt lot cc nonfastidious, cc vi sinh vt pht trin nhanh chng. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Escherichia coli ATCC25922 , Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 , v Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853: tng trng, khng
: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Salmonella, Shigella t m th ch (SS)

S d ng : phn lp chn lc v phn bit cc vi khun h trc khun ng rut , c bit l Salmonella. Trong khi t c khuyn khch cho phn lp Shigella loi Ln men Lactoseln men vi khun (Escherichia coli hoc Klebsiella pneumoniae) xut hin mu hng hoc . Lactose-nonfermenting (Salmonella l, Proteus v Shigella ) khng bin i mu mi trng Sn xut H 2 S do Salmonella spp: trung tm khun lc xut hin mu en Ki m sot sinh v t :

Salmonella typhi : khun lc khng mu , trung tm mu en. Escherichia coli : khun lc hng
Trong cubate : Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Agar Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB)

S d ng : nui cy , phn lp vi khun Gram m ng rut Vi khun ln men lactose xut hin khun lc mu nh kim loi, mu xanh l cy hoc mu xanh en sang mu nu. Vi khun khng ln men lactose khun lc khng mu hoc mu sng nh tm Ki m sot sinh v t :

Escherichia coli : tng trng tt, mu xanh nh kim loi. Klebsiella pneumoniae : Good tng trng, khun lc mu tm, khng c nh. Shigella flexneri : Good tng trng, khun lc trong sut (lactose m)
: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Thiosulfat Citrate Bile Salt Sucrose t m th ch (TCBS)

S d ng : phn lp chn lc cc vi khun Vibrio cholerae v Vibrio

parahaemolyticus

trong iu tra dch t hc v chn on

Ki m sot sinh v t :

Vibrio cholerae : Tng trng (khun lc mu vng) Vibrio parahaemolyticus : Tng trng (khun lc mu xanh l cy) Staphylococcus aureus : Khng tng trng
: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Sabouraud Dextrose Agar t m (SDA)

S d ng : nui cy v phn bit nm gy bnh v khng gy bnh, c bit l dermatophytes. Mi trng c th c cha thuc khng sinh nh chloramphenicol trong nui cy nm men v nm si Ki m sot sinh v t :

Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans : Tng trng Streptococcus pneumoniae : Khng tng trng
: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Trypticase u nnh n c dng cho Hemoculture

S d ng : i vi vic trng nhiu loi kh tnh v nonfastidious vi sinh vt t mu mu v iu tra dch t. Cng c s dng cho d ton nhanh chng ca cht lng vi khun trong nc.

Ki m sot sinh v t :

Staphylococcus aureus : tng trng tt

Uninoculated ng: tng trng khng v r rng : 5% CO 2 , 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun 8 cho 27 ml ca TSB (chai tr li)

Triple ng s t th ch nghing (TSI nghing)

S d ng : phn bit cc thnh vin ca Enterobacteriaceae da vo qu trnh ln men lactose, sucrose v glucose v sn xut ca H 2 S. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Escherichia coli : A / A (G) Shigella flexneri : K / A Proteus vugaris : K / A, H 2 S Pseudomonas aeruginosa : K / N

: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Nhu ng indole Lysine trung (MIL nghing)

S d ng : phn bit khc bit ca cc thnh vin Enterobacteriaceae da vo s di ng, hot ng decarboxylase lysine, lysine deaminase v sn xut indol. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Proteus vulgaris : di ng / indole / LDC / LDM; +/+/-/+ Klebseilla pneumoniae : di ng / indole / LDC / LDM; -/-/+/ : Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi s d ng : 8 tun Gi (Baht) : 5 (tr v ng)

Christensen Ur nghing Agar

S d ng : phn bit mt lot cc vi sinh vt, c bit l cc thnh vin ca Enterobacteriaceae, actinomycetes aerobic, Streptococcus v nonfermenting vi khun Gram m da vo s sn xut urease Ki m sot sinh v t :

Proteus mirabilis : Pink trong sut (tch cc) Klebsiella pneumoniae : Pink nghing (mt phn tch cc) Escherichia coli : Vng (m)
: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Simmons 'Citrate Agar nghing

S d ng : phn bit vi khun Gram m trn c s citrate s dng. Vi khun c th s dng citrate nh l ngun cacbon duy nht chuyn mu xanh Ki m sot sinh v t :

Klebsiella pneumoniae : Tng trng v mu xanh (dng) Escherichia coli : Khng tng trng, vn l mu xanh l cy (m)
: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

M t Esculin Agar nghing

S d ng : phn lp v xc nh lin cu nhm D (Nhm D Streptococcus). Ki m sot sinh v t :

Enterococcus spp. : Tng trng tt, mu en

Alpha-Streptococcus tn huyt, khng phi nhm D : Khng c tng trng, khng mu : Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

6,5% NaCl
S d ng : xc nh s khc bit ca vi khun da trn kh nng tng trng trn NaCl 6,5% Ki m sot sinh v t :

Enterococcus faecalis : Vng (tch cc)

Group D nonenterococci : Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun : Vn cn mu cam (m)

Pigment trung
S d ng : cy v s khc bit ca Streptococcus agalactiae (Streptococcus nhm B) Ki m sot sinh v t :

Streptococcus agalactiae : sc t da cam m (tch cc)

Beta-lin cu khng gr. A, B, D: Vn khng mu (m) : Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Ornithine Decarboxylase nghing (ODC)

S d ng : cy v s khc bit ca vi khun da trn kh nng decarboxylate cc acid amin. Vi khun bin decaboxylate ornithine cc trung c mu tm. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Proteus mirabilis : Purple (tch cc) Klebsiella pneumoniae : Vng (m)

: Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Selenite-F Broth (SF)

S d ng : i vi s c lp v canh tc ca Salmonella loi t phn v mu vt khc. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Salmonella spp. : Tng trng Escherichai coli : Khng tng trng

: Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Thioglycollate trung
S d ng : i vi trng trt ca c hai sinh vt hiu kh v k kh trong thc hin cc xt nghim v sinh. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Staphylococcus aureus : aerobic tng trng Clostridium spp. : K kh pht trin

: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Trypicase Soy Broth (TSB)

S d ng : i vi vic trng nhiu loi kh tnh v nonfastidious vi sinh vt t mu lm sng v iu tra dch t. Cng c s dng cho d ton nhanh chng ca cht lng vi khun trong nc. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Staphylococcus aureus : tng trng tt

Uninoculated ng: tng trng khng v r rng

: Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi
Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Phenol Red Glucose (PR Glucose)

S d ng : i vi vic xc nh kh nng ca mt vi sinh vt ln men glucose. Ln men c xc nh bi vic sn xut acid-trung chuyn mu vng. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Staphylococcus aureus : Tng trng (mu vng)

Micrococcus spp. : Tng trng (cn mu cam) : Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Phenol Red Manitol (PR Manitol)

S d ng : i vi vic xc nh kh nng ca mt vi sinh vt ln men manitol. Ln men c xc nh bi vic sn xut acid-trung chuyn mu vng. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Staphylococcus aureus : Tng trng (mu vng) Staphylococcus epidermidis : Tng trng (cn mu cam) : Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi
Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Phenol Red Sucrose (PR Sucrose)

S d ng : i vi vic xc nh kh nng ca mt vi sinh vt ln men sucrose. Ln men c xc nh bi vic sn xut acid-trung chuyn mu vng. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Vibrio cholerae : Tng trng (mu vng) Vibrio parahaemolyticus : Tng trng (cn mu cam)
: Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Phenol Red Arabinose (PR Arabinose)

S d ng : i vi vic xc nh kh nng ca mt vi sinh vt ln men arabinose. Ln men c xc nh bi vic sn xut acid-trung chuyn mu vng. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Enterococcus faecium : Tng trng (mu vng) Enterococcus faecalis : Tng trng (cn mu cam)
: Aerobic, 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Phenol Red Lactose (PR Lactose)

S d ng : i vi vic xc nh kh nng ca mt vi sinh vt ln men lactose. Ln men c xc nh bi vic sn xut acid-trung chuyn mu vng. Ki m sot sinh v t : Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Oxy ha ln men Glucose (c a Glucose)

S d ng : phn bit vi khun Gram m da trn xc nh s trao i cht oxy ha v ln men ca ng. Vi khun ln men glucose chuyn mu vng trung bnh. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Pseudomonas aeruginosa : Vng (tch cc) Acinetobacter lwoffii : Vn cn xanh

: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Ln men oxy ha Maltose (c a Maltose)

S d ng : phn bit vi khun Gram m da trn xc nh oxy ha v ln men chuyn ha ca maltose. Vi khun ln men glucose chuyn mu vng trung bnh. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia : Vng Pseudomonas aeruginosa : Vn cn xanh

: Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Lowenstein-Jensen trung
S d ng : nui cy v phn bit cc loi Mycobacterium.

M.tuberculosis xut hin nh ht, th, khun lc kh. M.kansasii xut hin
lm mn photochromogenic khun lc th. M.gordonae xut hin nh mn khun lc mu vng-cam . M.avium xut hin nh l mn, khun lc khng mu . M.smegmatis xut hin nh np nhn, khun lc mu trng kem. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Mycobacterium phlei : tng trng tt

Uninoculated nghing: Khng tng trng

 : Aerobic 35 C, 3 ngy Th i h n s d ng : 4 tun

Stuart Giao thng v n t i v a

S d ng : vn chuyn bnh phm ng h hp trn , ng rut v cc sinh vt kh tnh khc. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Streptococcus pyogenes : Tng trng

Uninoculated trung: Khng tng trng : Aerobic 35 C, 24 gi Th i h n s d ng : 8 tun

Kovac c a tinh khi t

S d ng : xc nh vi khun s hu cc tryptophanase enzyme c kh nng tch tryptophan, do sn xut indole, acid pyruvic v amoniac. Indole c th c pht hin trong mi trng bng cch quan st tryptophan s pht trin ca mu sau khi thm mt dung dch cha p-dimethylamino-benzaldehyde. (Kovac ca tinh khit) Ki m sot sinh v t :

Escherichia coli : Red (indole dng tnh) Klebsiella sp. : Vn cn mu vng (indole m tnh)
Th i h n s d ng : 1 nm

V t c a Gram
S d ng : phn bit, tch cc v tiu cc vi khun Gram. Ki m sot sinh v t :

Escherichia coli : hng (Gram m) Staphylococcus aureus : mu ta sm t bo (Gram dng)

Th i h n s d ng : 1 nm

Acid nhanh v t
S d ng : i vi vic xc nh, Nocardia Mycobacterium, v Ch phm Corynebacterium Ki m sot sinh v t :

Mycobacterium tubercurosis : hng Escherichia coli : mu xanh

Th i h n s d ng : 1 nm b (Carbon fuchsin, 3% ru v axit Methylene xanh, mi ml 100) Carbon fuchsin ch c 3 / ml.