LI NI U

Ngy nay php tnh vi tch phn chim mt v tr ht sc quan trng trong Ton hc,
tch phn c ng dng rng ri nh tnh din tch hnh phng, th tch khi trn xoay,
n cn l i tng nghin cu ca gii tch, l nn tng cho l thuyt hm, l thuyt
phng trnh vi phn, phng trnh o hm ring...Ngoi ra php tnh tch phn cn c
ng dng rng ri trong Xc sut, Thng k, Vt l, C hc, Thin vn hc, y hc...
Php tnh tch phn c bt u gii thiu cho cc em hc sinh lp 12, tip theo
c ph bin trong tt c cc trng i hc cho khi sinh vin nm th nht v nm th
hai trong chng trnh hc i cng. Hn na trong cc k thi Tt nghip THPT v k
thi Tuyn sinh i hc php tnh tch phn hu nh lun c trong cc thi mn Ton ca
khi A, khi B v c khi D. Bn cnh , php tnh tch phn cng l mt trong nhng
ni dung thi tuyn sinh u vo h Thc s v nghin cu sinh.
Vi tm quan trng ca php tnh tch phn, chnh v th m ti vit mt s kinh
nghim ging dy tnh tch phn ca khi 12 vi chuyn TNH TCH PHN
BNG PHNG PHP PHN TCH - I BIN S V TNG PHN
phn no cng c, nng cao cho cc em hc sinh khi 12 cc em t kt qu cao trong
k thi Tt nghip THPT v k thi Tuyn sinh i hc v gip cho cc em c nn tng
trong nhng nm hc i cng ca i hc.
Trong phn ni dung chuyn di y, ti xin c nu ra mt s bi tp minh
ha c bn tnh tch phn ch yu p dng phng php phn tch, phng php i bin s,
phng php tch phn tng phn. Cc bi tp ngh l cc thi Tt nghip THPT v
thi tuyn sinh i hc Cao ng ca cc nm cc em hc sinh rn luyn k nng tnh tch
phn v phn cui ca chuyn l mt s cu hi trc nghim tch phn.

CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
MC LC
Li ni u 1
Mc lc 2
I. Nguyn hm:
I.1. nh ngha nguyn hm 3
I.2. nh l 3
I.3. Cc tnh cht ca nguyn hm 3
I.4. Bng cng thc nguyn hm v mt s cng thc b sung 4
II. Tch phn:
II.1. nh ngha tch phn xc nh 5
II.2. Cc tnh cht ca tch phn 5
II.3 Tnh tch phn bng phng php phn tch 5
Bi tp ngh 1 9
II.4 Tnh tch phn bng phng php i bin s 10
II.4.1 Phng php i bin s loi 1 10
nh l v phng php i bin s loi 1 13
Mt s dng khc dng phng php i bin s loi 1 14
Bi tp ngh s 2 14
Bi tp ngh s 3 15
Bi tp ngh s 4: Cc thi tuyn sinh i hc Cao ng 16
II.4.2 Phng php i bin s loi 2 16
Bi tp ngh s 5 21
Cc thi Tt nghip trung hc ph thng 22
Cc thi tuyn sinh i hc Cao ng 22
II.5. Phng php tch phn tng phn 23
Bi tp ngh s 6: Cc thi tuyn sinh i hc Cao ng 28
III. Kim tra kt qu ca mt bi gii tnh tch phn bng my tnh
CASIO fx570-MS 29
Bi tp ngh s 7: Cc cu hi trc nghim tch phn 30
Ph lc 36
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
I. NGUYN HM:
I.1. NH NGHA NGUYN HM:
Hm s F(x) c gi l nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) trn (a;b) nu vi mi
x(a;b):
F(x) = f(x)
VD1: a) Hm s F(x) = x
3
l nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) = 3x
2
trn R
b) Hm s F(x) = lnx l nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) =
1
x
trn (0;+)
I.2. NH L:
Nu F(x) l mt nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) trn (a;b) th:
a) Vi mi hng s C, F(x) + C cng l mt nguyn hm ca f(x) trn khong .
b) Ngc li, mi nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) trn khong (a;b) u c th vit
di dng F(x) + C vi C l mt hng s.
Theo nh l trn, tm tt c cc nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) th ch cn tm mt
nguyn hm no ca n ri cng vo n mt hng s C.
Tp hp cc nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) gi l h nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) v
c k hiu:

f(x)dx (hay cn gi l tch phn bt nh)

Vy:

f(x)dx =F(x)+C

VD2: a)
2
2xdx = x +C

b) sinxdx =- cosx +C

c)
2
1
dx=tgx +C
cos x

I.3. CC TNH CHT CA NGUYN HM:
1)
( )

f(x)dx f(x)
'
=
2) ( )

= a 0 a.f(x)dx a f(x)dx
3) (

= f(x)g(x) dx f(x)dx g(x)dx
4) ( ) ( )

= f(x)dx =F(x)+C f u(x) u'(x)dx F u(x) +C
VD3: a) ( )

4 2 5 3 2
-6x + - 2x +4x 5x 8x dx = x +C
b) ( )

2
x 6cosx.sinxdx =-6 cosx.d cosx =-3cos +C

CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
I.4. BNG CNG THC NGUYN HM:
BNG CC NGUYN HM C BN
NGUYN HM CC HM S CP THNG GP NGUYN HM CC HM S HP
( )
( )
( )

+1
x x
x
x
2
2
2
2
dx = x +C
x
x dx = + C ( -1)
+1
dx
= ln x +C (x 0)
x
e dx = e +C
a
a dx = +C 0 < a 1
lna
cosx dx = sinx +C
sinx dx = -cosx +C
dx
= 1+ tg x dx = tgx +C(x k )
cos x 2
dx
= 1+cotg x dx
si
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
7/
8/
x
/
n
9

= -cotgx +C(x k )

( )
( )

+1
u u
u
u
2
2
2
du =u+C
u
u du = +C ( -1)
+1
du
=ln u +C (u =u(x) 0)
u
e du = e +C
a
a du = +C 0 < a 1
lna
cosu du = sinu+C
sinu du = - cosu+C
du
= 1+tg u du = tgu+C (u k
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
7/
8/
9/
)
cos u 2
du
= 1+c
sin u
( )


2
otg u du = -cotgu+C(u k )

CC CNG THC B SUNG
CNG THC NGUYN HM THNG GP:
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )

+1
ax+b ax+b
kx
kx
1
dx = 2 x + C (x 0)
x
ax +b 1
ax +b dx = + C (a 0)
a +1
1 1
dx = ln ax +b + C (a 0)
ax +b a
1
e dx = e + C (a 0)
a
a
a dx = + C 0 k R, 0 < a 1
k.lna
1
cos ax +b dx = sin ax +b
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
7
+ C (a 0)
a
1
sin ax +b dx = - / cos
a
( )

ax +b + C (a 0)
tgx dx = - ln cosx + C (x k )
2
cotgx dx = ln sinx + C ( 9/ x
/
k
8
)

CC CNG THC LY THA:



m n m+n
m
m-n -n
n n
1 n
n m m m m
a . a = a
a 1
= a ;
1/
2/
3/
= a
a a
a = a ; a = a

CC CNG THC LNG GIC:
a. CNG THC H BC:
( ) ( )
2 2
1/ 2
1 1
sin x = 1- cos2x cos x = 1+cos2x
2 2
/
b. CNG THC BIN I TCH THNH TNG
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
(

(

(

1
cosa.cosb = cos a- b +cos a+b
2
1
sina.sinb = cos a- b - cos a+b
2
1
sina.cosb = sin a- b +sin a+b
2
1/
2/
3/



CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
II. TCH PHN:
II.1. NH NGHA TCH PHN XC NH:
Gi s hm s f(x) lin tc trn mt khong K, a v b l hai phn t bt k ca K,
F(x) l mt nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) trn K. Hiu F(b) F(a) c gi l tch phn t
a n b ca f(x). K hiu:

b
a
b
a
= f(x)dx =F(x) F(b)-F(a)

II.2. CC TNH CHT CA TCH PHN:
=

( ) 0 / 1
a
a
f x dx
=

2/ ( ) ( )
a b
b a
f x dx f x dx
=

b b
a a
k f x dx k f x dx k . ( ) . ( ) ( 3/ 0)
=

[ ( ) ( ) 4 ] / ( ) ( )
b b b
a a a
f x g x dx f x dx g x dx
= +

b
a
f(x) ( ) ) 5/ (
c b
a c
dx f x dx f x dx vi c(a;b)
6/ Nu f x x a b ( ) 0, [ ; ] th

a
( ) 0
b
f x dx .
7/Nu f x g x x a b ( ) ( ), [ ; ] th

a
( ) ( )
b b
a
f x dx g x dx .
8/Nu m f x M x a b ( ) , [ ; ] th

a
( ) ( ) ( )
b
m b a f x dx M b a .
9/ t bin thin trn [ ; ] a b =

( ) ( )
t
a
G t f x dx l mt nguyn hm ca ( ) f t v = ( ) 0 G a

II.3. TNH TCH PHN BNG PHNG PHP PHN TCH:
Ch 1: tnh tch phn =

( )
b
a
I f x dx ta phn tch = + +
1 1
( ) ( ) ... ( )
m m
f x k f x k f x
Trong : =
i
k i m 0 ( 1, 2, 3,..., )cc hm =
i
f x i m ( ) ( 1, 2, 3,..., ) c trong bng nguyn
hm c bn.
VD4: Tnh cc tch phn sau:
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN

2
2 3 2
-1
3 2 3 2
2
-1
= (3x - 4x+3)dx =(x - 2x +3x)
=(2 - 2.2 +3.2)-((-1) - 2.(-1) +3.(-1)) =12
1) I

Nhn xt: Cu 1 trn ta ch cn p dng tnh cht 4 v s dng cng thc 1/ v 2/
trong bng nguyn hm.
2 I

2 4 3 2
2
1
3x -6x +4x - 2x +4
) = dx
x

Nhn xt: Cu 2 trn ta cha p dng ngay c cc cng thc trong bng nguyn
hm, trc ht tch phn s trong du tch phn (ly t chia mu) ri p dng tnh cht 4
v s dng cng thc 1/, 2/, 3/ trong bng nguyn hm.
I +
= =

2 2 4 3 2
2
2 2
1 1
3 2
2
1
3x -6x +4x - 2x +4 2 4
= dx = (3x -6x +4- )dx
x x x
4
(x -3x +4x - 2ln | x |- ) 4- 2ln2
x


3) I

2 2
0
x -5x +3
= dx
x +1

Nhn xt: Cu 3 trn ta cng cha p dng ngay c cc cng thc trong bng
nguyn hm, trc ht phn tch phn s trong du tch phn (ly t chia mu) ri p dng
tnh cht 4 v s dng cng thc 1/, 2/ trong bng nguyn hm v cng thc 3/ b sung.
I 6 x
| |
+
|
\
| |
|
\

2 2 2
0 0
2
2
0
x -5x +3 9
= dx = dx
x +1 x +1
x
= -6x +9ln | x +1| = 2 -12+9ln3 =9ln3 -10
2


( )
4) I

1
x -x x -x -x
0
= e 2xe +5 e -e dx

Nhn xt: Cu 4: biu thc trong du tch phn c dng tch ta cng cha p dng
ngay c cc cng thc trong bng nguyn hm, trc ht nhn phn phi rt gn ri p
dng tnh cht 4 v s dng cng thc 1/, 2/, 5/ trong bng nguyn hm.
( ) ( )
1
0
I
| |
=
|
\

1 1 x
x -x x -x -x x 2
0 0
5 4
= e 2xe +5 e -e dx = 2x+5 -1 dx = x + - x
ln5 ln5


5) I

4
4
0
2
2
= (4cosx+2sinx - )dx (4sinx -2cosx - 2tgx) = 2 2 - 2 - 2+2= 2
cos x
0
Nhn xt: Cu 5 trn ta ch cn p dng tnh cht 4 v s dng cng thc 6/, 7/ v 8/
trong bng nguyn hm.
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
6) I

8
0
8
0
= (4sin2x - 12cos4x)dx (-2cos2x - 3sin4x) = - 2 -3+2 = -1- 2
Nhn xt: Cu 6 trn ta cng ch cn p dng tnh cht 4 v s dng cng thc 6/ ,
7/ trong bng nguyn hm phn cc cng thc b sung.

7) I

12
0
2
= sin (2x - )dx
4

Nhn xt: Cu 7 hc sinh c th sai v s dng nhm cng thc 2/ trong bng bng
nguyn hm ct bn phi, bi xem

2
u =sin (2x - )
4
2
(hi ging o hm hm s hp).
Vi cu 7 trc ht phi h bc ri s dng cng thc 6/ trong bng nguyn hm phn cc
cng thc b sung.
( ) I

| |

|
\
| | | | | |

| | |
\ \ \

12 12 12
0 0 0
12
0
2
1 1
= sin (2x - )dx = 1- cos(4x - ) dx = 1- sin4x dx
4 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
= x + cos4x = + cos - 0 + cos0 = -
2 4 2 12 4 3 2 4 24 16
1


8/ I

16
0
= cos6x.cos2xdx

Nhn xt: cu 8: biu thc trong du tch phn c dng tch ta cng cha p dng
ngay c cc cng thc trong bng nguyn hm, trc ht phi bin i lng gic bin
i tch thnh tng ri p dng tnh cht 4 v s dng cng thc 6/ trong bng nguyn hm
phn cc cng thc b sung.
( ) I

| |
=
|
\

16 16
0 0
16
0
1 1 1 1
= cos6x.cos2xdx = cos8x +cos4x dx sin8x + sin4x
2 2 8 4

( )
0 0

| |
| | | |
= = =
|
| |
|
\ \
\
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1
sin + sin sin + sin + 1+ 2
2 8 2 4 4 2 8 4 2 8 8 16


9) I

2
2
-2
= x -1dx

Nhn xt: Cu 9 biu thc trong du tch phn c cha gi tr tuyt i, ta hng
hc sinh kh du gi tr tuyt i bng cch xt du biu thc x
2
1 trn [-2;2] v kt hp
vi tnh cht 5/ ca tch phn kh gi tr tuyt i.
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
( ) ( ) ( )
I
5
+
| | | | | |
+ =
| | |
\ \ \

2 -1 1 2
2 2 2 2
-2 -2 -1 1
3 3 3
-1 1 2
-2 -1 1
= x -1dx = x -1 dx x -1 dx x -1 dx
x x x
= - x - x - x
3 3 3


10) I

3
2
2
3x +9
= dx
x - 4x -5

Nhn xt: Cu 10 trn ta khng thc hin php chia a thc c nh cu 2 v 3,
mt khc biu thc di mu phn tch c thnh
(x -5)(x +1)
nn ta tch biu thc
trong du tch phn nh sau:
2
3x+9 A B 4 1
= + = -
x - 4x -5 x -5 x+1 x -5 x+1
(phng php h s
bt nh)
( )
I
| |

|
\
=

3 3
2
2 2
3
2
3x +9 4 1
= dx = - dx = 4ln | x -5 |-ln | x +1|
x - 4x -5 x -5 x +1
4
4ln2 -ln4- 4ln3+ln3 = 2ln2 -3ln3 =ln
27



Ch 2: tnh I

2
2
a'x +b'
= dx (b - 4ac 0)
ax +bx +c
ta lm nh sau:
TH1: Nu
2
b - 4ac =0 , khi ta lun c s phn tch
2 2
b
ax +bx +c =a(x + )
2a

I

2 2
b ba' ba'
a'(x + )+b' - b' -
a' dx dx
2a 2a 2a
= dx = +
b b b
a a
a(x + ) x + (x + )
2a 2a 2a




TH2: Nu
2 2
1 2
b - 4ac >0 ax +bx +c =a(x - x )(x - x ) . Ta xc nh A,B sao cho
1 2
a'x +b' = A(x - x )+B(x - x ) , ng nht hai v

1 2
A+B=a'
Ax +Bx = -b'

I

1 2
1 2 2 1
1 A(x - x )+B(x - x ) 1 A B
= dx = ( + )dx
a (x - x )(x - x ) a x - x x - x
.




CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN

Ch 3:
TH1: tnh
I

1 2 n
P(x)
= dx
(x -a )(x -a )...(x -a )
ta lm nh sau:
1 2 n
1 2 n 1 2 n
A A A P(x)
= + +...+
(x -a )(x -a )...(x -a ) (x -a ) (x -a ) (x -a )

TH2: tnh I =
m k r
1 2 n
P(x)
dx
(x -a ) (x -a ) ...(x -a )
ta lm nh sau:

m k r
1 2 n
P(x)
(x -a ) (x -a ) ...(x -a )
=
1 2 m
m m-1
1 2 m
A A A
+ +...+ +...
(x - a ) (x - a ) (x - a )

TH3: tnh
I

P(x)
= dx
Q(x)
vi P(x) v Q(x) l hai a thc:
* Nu bc ca P(x) ln hn hoc bng bc ca Q(x) th ly P(x) chia cho Q(x).
* Nu bc ca P(x) nh hn bc ca Q(x) th tm cch a v cc dng trn.

Nhn xt: V d 4 trn gm nhng bi tp tnh tch phn n gin m hc sinh c
th p dng ngay bng cng thc nguyn hm gii c bi ton hoc vi nhng php
bin i n gin nh nhn phn phi, chia a thc, ng nht hai a thc, bin i tch
thnh tng...Qua v d 4 ny nhm gip cc em thuc cng thc v nm vng php tnh
tch phn c bn.
BI TP NGH 1: Tnh cc tch phn sau:
1) I

1
3
0
= (x x +2x +1)dx
2) =

2 2 3
2
1
2x x +x x - 3x +1
dx
x

3) I

0 3 2
-1
x -3x -5x +3
= dx
x - 2

( )
4) I

2
2
2
-2
= x +x -3 dx

( )
5) I

6
0
= sinx +cos2x - sin3x dx

6) I

12
0
= 4sinx.sin2x.sin3xdx

7) I

0
16
4
= cos 2xdx

8) I

2
2
-2
= x +2x -3dx

9) I

4
2
1
dx
=
x -5x +6

10) I

1
0
dx
=
x +1+ x

11) I

2
x +2x +6
= dx
(x -1)(x - 2)(x - 4)

12) I

2
3
x +1
= dx
(x -1) (x +3)

13) I
4 2
xdx
=
x -6x +5

14) I

7
4 2
x dx
=
(1+x )

CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN

II.4. TCH PHN BNG PHNG PHP I BIN S:
II.4.1. Phng php i bin s loi 1:
Ta c ch (SGK trang 123): Tch phn

b
a
f(x)dx
ch ph thuc vo hm s f(x),
cn a v b m khng ph thuc vo cch k hiu bin s tch phn. Tc l:
... = = =

b b b
a a a
f(x) f(t) f(u) dx dt du

Trong mt s trng hp tnh tch phn m khng tnh trc tip bng cng thc hay
qua cc bc phn tch ta vn khng gii c. Ta xt cc trng hp c bn sau:
VD5: Tnh cc tch phn sau:
1) I =

2
2
2
0
dx
2 - x

Phn tch: Biu thc trong du tch phn c cha cn bc hai, ta khng kh cn
bng php bin i bnh phng hai v c, ta th tm cch bin i a cn bc hai v
dng
2
A , khi ta s lin tng ngay n cng thc:
2 2
x = x = x 1-sin cos cos
, do :
t x = 2sint dx = 2costdt , ;
(
(

-
2 2
t
i cn:

2 2
x = 2sint = t =
2 2 6

x =0 2sint =0 t =0
I

6 6 6
6
2 2
0 0 0
0
= =
2cost.dt 2cost.dt
= dt =t =
6
2-2sin t 2(1-sin t)
( v 0;
(

(

cost >0
6
t )
Trong VD trn khi ta thay i nh sau: I =

2
2
0
dx
2- x
. Hc sinh lm tng t v
c kt qu I
2

= . Kt qu trn b sai v hm s ( ) f x =
2
1
2-x
khng xc nh khi 2 x= .
Do khi ra dng trn Gio vin cn ch : hm s ( ) f x xc nh trn [a;b]
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
2) I

6
2
2
0
= 3 - x dx

t x = sint dx = costdt 3 3 , ;
(
(

-
2 2
t
i cn:

6 6
x = 3sint = t =
2 2 4

x =0 2sint =0 t =0
( )

| |
| |
| |
\
\

4 4 4
4
2 2
0 0 0
0
. = =
3 3 1 3 1
I = 3 -3sin t 3cost.dt 3cos t.dt 1+cos2t .dt = t+ sin2t = +
2 2 2 2 4 2
a) Khi gp dng



2 2
2 2
dx
a - x dx hay
a -x
(a > 0)
t x = sint a. dx =a.cost.dt , ;
(
(

-
2 2
t
( bin i a cn bc hai v dng
2
A , tc l:
2 2 2 2 2
x = x =a. x a -a sin a cos cos )
i cn: x = t = ;
(
(

-
2 2

x = t = ;
(
(

-
2 2

Lu : V ; ', ' ;


( (

( (

- - cost >0
2 2 2 2
t
' '
' '
t


= =

2 2 2 2 2 2 2
.acost a cost a - x dx a -a sin dt dt
, h bc cos
2
t.
' '
' '
t


= =

2 2 2 2 2
a.cost dx dt
hay dt
a - x a -a sin


n y, cng thc nguyn hm khng ph thuc vo bin s nn ta tnh c tch
phn theo bin s t mt cch d dng. y ta cn lu : Biu thc trong du tch phn
ny l hm s theo bin s t n iu trn [;].
Ta m rng tch phn dng trn nh sau:
b) Khi gp dng



2 2
2 2
dx
a -u (x)dx hay
a -u (x)
(a > 0)
t .sint . u(x)=a u'(x) dx =a.cost.dt , ;
(
(

-
2 2
t
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
i cn: x = t = ;
(
(

-
2 2

x = t = ;
(
(

-
2 2

VD6: Tnh tch phn sau: I

6
2+
2
2
2
= -x +4x -1 dx . Ta c: ( ) I

6
2+
2
2
2
= 3 - x -2 dx
t x - 2 = sint dx = cost.dt 3 3 , ;
(
(

-
2 2
t
i cn:

2
x = 2+ sint = t =
4
6
2 2

0 x = 2 sint =0 t =
( )
I

| |
| |

| |
\
\

4 4
2 2
0 0
4
4
0
0
. =
=
= 3 - 3sin t 3cost.dt 3cos t.dt
3 3 1 3 1
1+cos2t .dt = t + sin2t = +
2 2 2 2 4 2

VD7: Tnh tch phn sau:

2
2
0
dx
I = dx
2+x

Nhn xt: Ta thy tam thc bc hai mu s v nghim nn ta khng s dng
phng php h s bt nh nh v d 4.10 v khng phn tch biu thc trong du tch
phn c nh ch 2 v ch 3.
t:
( )

2
x = 2tgt dx = 2. 1+tg t dt ,
;
| |

|
\
t -
2 2

i cn:

x = 2 2tgt = 2 t =
4

x =0 2tgt =0 t =0
( )
I

2
4 4
4
2
0 0
0
= = =
2. 1+tg t dt
2 2 2
dt = t
2+2tg t 2 2 8

c) Khi gp dng

2 2
dx

a +x
(a > 0)
Nhn xt: a
2
+ x
2
= 0 v nghim nn ta khng phn tch biu thc trong du tch
phn c nh ch 2 v ch 3.
t ( )

2
x =a.tgt dx =a. 1+tg t dt
,
;
| |

|
\
t -
2 2

CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
i cn: x = t =
;
| |

|
\
-
2 2

x = t =
;
| |

|
\
-
2 2

Ta xt v d tng t tip theo:
VD8: Tnh tch phn sau: I

1+ 2
2
1
dx
=
x -2x+3

Nhn xt: Ta thy tam thc bc hai mu s v nghim nn ta phn tch mu s
c thnh: a
2
+ u
2
(x).
Ta c:
( )
I

1+ 2 1+ 2
2 2
1 1
=
dx dx
=
x -2x+3
2+ x-1

t
( )

2
2tgt x -1= dx = 2. 1+tg t dt ,
;
| |

|
\
t -
2 2

i cn:

x = 1+ tgt =1 t =
4
2
0 x = 1 tgt =0 t =
( )
I

=

2
4 4
4
2
0 0
0
= =
2. 1+tg t dt
2 2 2
dt = t
2+2tg t 2 2 8

Vy:
d) Khi gp dng
( )

2 2
dx

a +u x
(a > 0)
Vi tam thc bc hai ( )
2 2
a +u x v nghim th
t
( )

2
u(x)=a.tgt u'(x)dx =a. 1+tg t dt ,
;
| |

|
\
t -
2 2

i cn: x = t =
;
| |

|
\
-
2 2

x = t =
;
| |

|
\
-
2 2

Tm li: Phng php i bin s dng 1:

nh l: Nu
1. Hm s x = u(t) c o hm lin tc, n iu trn on [;].
2. Hm s hp f [u(t)] c xc nh trn on [;].
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
3. u() = a, u() = b.
th
[ ]

=

b
a
f(x) f u(t) u'(t). dx dt


T ta rt ra quy tc i bin s dng 1 nh sau:
B1: t x = u(t) (vi u(t) l hm c o hm lin tc trn [ ; ] , f(u(t)) xc nh trn
[ ; ] v = = ( ) , ( ) u a u b) v xc nh ,
B2: Thay vo ta c: ( ) I

b
a
= f(u(t)).u'(t)dt = g(t)dt =G(t) =G( ) -G
Mt s dng khc thng dng phng php i bin s dang 1:
* Hm s trong du tch phn cha
2 2 2
2 2 2
1
a -b x
a -b x
hay ta thng t
a
x = sint
b

* Hm s trong du tch phn cha

2 2 2
2 2 2
b x - a
b x - a
1
hay ta thng t
a
x =
bsint

* Hm s trong du tch phn cha
2 2 2
1
a +b x
ta thng t
a
x = tgt
b

* Hm s trong du tch phn cha x(a -bx) ta thng t
2
a
x = sin t
b

BI TP NGH 2: Tnh cc tch phn sau:
1) I

1
2
0
= x 1- x dx 2) I

2 1
2
0
x
= dx
4- 3x

3) I

1
2
0
x
= dx
3 +2x - x
4) I

2
2
1
x - 1
= dx
x

5) I

3
2
1
x +1
= dx
x(2 - x)
6) I

1
2
0
dx
=
x +x +1

Hng dn: Cu 4: t
1
x =
sint
Cu 5: t
2
x =2sin t
VD9: Chng minh rng: Nu hm s f(x) lin tc trn 0;
(
(

2
th
( ) ( )

=

2 2
0 0
f sinx dx f cosx dx
p dng phng php trn tnh cc tch phn sau :
1) I

4
2
4 4
0
sin x
= dx
sin x +cos x
2) I

4
0
= ln(1+tgx)dx
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
Gii
VT =
( )

2
0
f sinx dx t

x = - t dx =-dt
2
.
i cn

x =0 t = ; x = t =0
2 2

( ) VT VP

| | | |
= = =
| |
\ \

0
2
0
2
f sin dt f cosx dx
2
t
(pcm)
p dng phng php trn tnh cc tch phn sau :
1) I

4
2
4 4
0
sin x
= dx
sin x +cos x

t

x = - t dx =-dt
2
.
i cn

x =0 t = ; x = t =0
2 2

I

4
4 4 0
2 2
4 4 4 4
4 4
0 0
2
sin ( - t)
cos t cos x
2
=- dt = dt = dx
sin t +cos t sin x +cos x
sin ( - t)+cos ( - t)
2 2





4 4
2 2 2
4 4 4 4
0 0 0
sin x cos x
2I = dx + dx = dx = I =
2 4 sin x +cos x sin x +cos x
.
2) I

4
0
= ln(1+tgx)dx
t

x = - t dx =-dt
4

i cn

x =0 t = ; x = t =0
4 4

I
I

4 4 4 0
0 0 0
4
1-tgt
=- ln[1+tg( -t)]dt = ln(1+ )dt = [ln2-ln(1+tgt)]dt =ln2. dt - I
4 1+tgt
ln2 .ln2
2 = I =
4 8


BI TP NGH 3: Tnh cc tch phn sau:
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN

1)


2 2
n n
0 0
sin xdx = cos xdx
HD: t

x = - t
2
.
2) Cho

a
-a
I = f(x)dx . CMR:
a)
I

a
0
= 2 f(x)dx
nu f(x) l hm s chn.
b) I = 0 nu f(x) l hm s l.
3) Chng minh rng: Nu f(x) l hm s chn th

b b
x
-b 0
f(x)
dx = f(x)dx
a +1
.
p dng: Tnh

2 2
x
-2
2x +1
I = dx
2 +1
.
4) Chng minh rng:

0 0
xf(sinx)dx = f(sinx)dx
2
(HD: t x = - t )
p dng: Tnh

2
0
xsinx
I = dx
4+sin x
.
BI TP NGH 4: Tnh cc tch phn sau: (Cc tuyn sinh i hc)
a) I =

2
2 2
2
0
x
dx
1- x
(H TCKT 1997)
( )
b) I =

1
3
2
0
1- x dx (H Y HP 2000)
c) I =

2
2 2
0
x 4- x dx (H T.Li 1997) d) I =

a
2 2 2
0
x a - x dx (H SPHN 2000)
e) I =

3
2
2
1
2
dx
x 1- x
(H TCKT 2000) f) I =

1
4 2
0
dx
x +4x +3
(H T.Li 2000)
( )
g) I =

1
2
2
-1
dx
1+x
(H N.Ng 2001) h) I =

2
2
2
3
dx
x x -1
(H BKHN 1995)
II.4.2. Phng php i bin s loi 2: (Dng nghch)
Nu tch phn c dng (

b
a
f u(x) u'(x)dx
t: u = u(x) du = u'(x)dx
i cn:
2
x = b u = u(b)
1
x = a u = u(a)

( ) I

2
1
u
u
= f u du

CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
a) Mt s dng c bn thng gp khi i bin s loi 2:(Dng nghch)
Trong mt s trng hp tnh tch phn bng phng php phn tch hay tnh tch
phn bng tch phn i bin s loi 1 khng c nhng ta thy biu thc trong du tch
phn c cha:
1. Ly tha th ta th t u bng biu thc bn trong ca biu thc c cha ly tha
cao nht.
2. Cn thc th ta th t u bng cn thc.
3. Phn s th ta th t u bng mu s.
4. cosx.dx th ta th t u = sinx.
5. sinx.dx th ta th t u = cosx.
6.
2
dx
cos x
hay (1 + tg
2
x)dx th ta th t u = tgx.
7.
2
dx
sin x
hay (1 + cotg
2
x)dx th ta th t u = cotgx.
8.
dx
x
v cha lnx th ta th t u = lnx.
VD 10: Tnh cc tch phn sau:
1.
a) I

1
3 5 2
0
= (x +1) x dx

t:

3 2 2
du
u=x +1 du=3x dx x dx =
3

i cn:
x 0 1
u 1 2
I

2 2 2 6 6 6
5 5
1 1 1
= = = - =
du 1 u 2 1 7
= u u du
3 3 18 18 18 2

b) I

2
3
0
= (1+sinx ) .cosx.dx (Tng t)
2. a) I

2
2
0
= 4+3x .12x.dx
t:
2 2 2
u= 4+3x u =4+3x
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
2udu=6xdx 12xdx = 4udu
i cn:
x 0 2
u 2 4
I

4 4 4 3 3 3
2
2 2 2
= = - =
4u 4.4 4.2 224
= u.4u.du= 4u .du
3 3 3 3

b) I

2
2 3
0
= 1+2x .x .dx (HD: I

2
2 2
0
= x . 1+2x .xdx )
t
2
2 2 2 2
-
=
u 1
u= 1+2x u =1+2x x
2


udu
2udu = 4xdx xdx =
2
...
c) I

1 2
3 3
0
x
= dx
1+7x
t
3 3 3 3 3
= = u 1+7x u 1+7x

2
2 2 2
u du
3u du=21x dx x dx =
7

i cn:
x 0 1
u 1 2

2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
= = = - =
u 1 1u 2 1 3
I = du udu
7u 7 14 14 14 14

3.a) I

1 3
2
0
+
x
= dx
x 1
Ta c: I

1 2
2
0
.
+
x x
= dx
x 1

t
2 2
= + = - u x 1 x u 1
= =
du
du 2xdx xdx
2

i cn:
x 0 1
u 1 2
( ) ( ) ( ) I
| |
|
\

2 2 2
1 1 1
= = = =
u-1 1 1 1 1
= du 1- du u-ln|u | 2-ln2-1 1-ln2
2u 2 u 2 2

b) I

2 2
3
1
=
x
dx
x +2
(HD: t
3
u= x +2 )
CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
4.a)
I

6
4
0
= sin x.cosx.dx
t: u=sinx du=cosx.dx
i cn:
x 0
6

u 0
1
2

I
| |
|
\

1
1
5 2
2
4
0
0
= =
u 1
= u du
5 160

b) I

2
0
sinx
= dx
1+3cosx
(HD: t u=1+3cosx )
c) I

2
0
= 1+3sinx.cosxdx (HD: t u= 1+3sinx )
5.a) I

2
0
sin2x +sinx
= dx
1+3cosx
( H khi A 2005)
Ta c
( )
I


2 2
0 0
sinx 2cosx +1 2sinxcosx +sinx
= dx = dx
1+3cosx 1+3cosx

t
2
2
- u 1
u= 1+3cosx u =1+3cosx cosx =
3


-2udu
2udu=-3sinxdx sinxdx =
3

i cn:
x 0
2

u 2 1
( )
| || |
| |
\ \
| | | |

| |
\ \

2
1 2
2
2 1
2 3 3 3
1
-
+
= + = + - =
u 1 -2udu
2 +1
3 3 2
I = dx = 2u 1 du
u 9
2 2u 2 2.2 2.1 34
u 2- 1
9 3 9 3 3 27

CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
Nhn xt: i vi nhng bi cha cn thc, hc sinh c th t u bng biu thc
trong du cn, nhng sau khi i bin th tch phn mi vn cn cha cn thc nn vic
tnh tip theo s phc tp hn (tc l hc sinh phi a v x

). V d: Cch 2 ca cu 5
5.a) I

2
0
sin2x +sinx
= dx
1+3cosx
( H khi A 2005)
Ta c
( )
I


2 2
0 0
sinx 2cosx +1
2sinxcosx +sinx
= dx = dx
1+3cosx 1+3cosx

t
- u 1
u=1+3cosx cosx =
3


-du
du=-3sinxdx sinxdx =
3

i cn:
x 0
2

u 4 1
( )
4 4 1 1
2 2
1 1
u u

| | | |
| |
\ \
| |
| | | |
+ =
| | |
\ \
\
| |
=
|
\

4 1
4 1
4
1
-
1
= 2 + = 2 u u +2 u
= +4- - 2
u 1 -du
2 +1
2u+1 1 3 3
I = du= du
9 u u
1 1 1 4
u
9 9 9 3 u
1 32 4 34
9 3 3 27

Nhn xt: R rng cch gii 2 t u bng biu thc trong cn thy phc tp hn so
vi cch 1.
b) I

2
0
sin2x.cosx
= dx
1+cosx
(H khi B 2005)
6.a)
( )
I

2
4
2
0
tgx+1
dx
cos x
t:
2
dx
u=tgx+1 du=
cos x

i cn:
x 0
4

u 1 2
I
| |
|
\

2 2 3
2
1 1
= = - =
u 8 1 7
= u du
3 3 3 3

CHUYN :CC PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN
b)
I

4
2
2
0
tg x - 3tgx +1
= dx
cos x
(HD: t u=tgx )
7.a)
I

cotgx 2
2
4
e
dx
sin x
=

t:
2
-dx
u=cotgx du=
sin x

i cn:
x
4

u 1 0
I

0 1 1
u u u
0 1 0
= = = - =- e du e du e e 1
b)
I

2
2
p
4
3cotgx +1
= dx
sin x
(HD: t u= 3cotgx+1 )
8.a) I

3
e
1
1+lnx.dx
=
x
t
2
u= 1+lnx u =1+lnx
dx
2udu=
x

i cn:
x 1
3
e
u 1 2
I

2 2 2 3 3 3
2
1 1 1
2
2 = =
3
u 2.2 2.1 14
= u.2udu= u du - =
3 3 3

b) I

7
e
3
1
lnx. 1+lnx
= dx
x

t
3 3 3
- u= 1+lnx u =1+lnx u 1=lnx
2
dx
3u du=
x

i cn:
x 1
7
e
u 1 2
( ) ( )
I
| | | |
| |
\ \

2 2 2 7 4 7 4
3 2 6 3
1 1 1
300
. =3 - =3 -
7 4 7 4 7
u u 2 2
= u -1 u.3u du=3 u -u du =
BI TP NGH 5:
1. Tnh cc tch phn sau:
( ) a) I

2
3
3
0
= 5sinx -1 cos x.dx

b) I

2
2 3
0
= 1+2x .x .dx

c) I

1 2
3 3
0
x
= dx
1+26x

d) I

p
2
0
sinx
= dx
1+3cosx

e) I

6
4
0
= sin x.cosx.dx
f) I

p
4
5
0
= cos x.dx
g) I

6
2 3
0
= sin x.cos x.dx
h) I

2
0
= 1+3sinx.cosxdx i) I

4
3
0
= (1+sin2x ) .cos2x.dx
j) I

p
2
3
0
= sinx - sin x.dx k) I

2
2
0
sin2x
= dx
1+cos x

1
l) I

4
tgx
2
0
e
= dx
cos x

2. Tnh cc tch phn sau: (Cc thi tt nghip)
a) I

2
5
0
= sin x.dx (TNTHPT Nm 93-94) b) I

2 2
3
1
x
= dx
x +2
(TNTHPT Nm 95-96)
c) I

2
2 3
1
= x +2.x .dx (TNTHPT Nm 96-97)
d) I

2
2
0
= cos 4x.dx
(TNTHPT Nm 98-99)
e) I

6
0
= (sin6xsin2x+6).dx
(TNTHPT 00-01)
f) I

2
2
0
= (x+sin x)cosx.dx
(TNTHPT 04-05)
3. Tnh cc tch phn sau: (Cc thi tuyn sinh i hc)
a) I

2
0
sin2x +sinx
= dx
1+3cosx
(H khi A 2005)
b) I

2
0
sin2x.cosx
= dx
1+cosx
(H khi B 2005)
( )
c) I

2
sinx
0
= e +sinx cosxdx (H khi D 2005)
d) I

2
2 2
0
sin2x
= dx
cos x + 4sin x
(H khi A 2006)
e) I

ln5
x -x
ln3
dx
=
e +2e -3
(H khi B 2006)
f) I

1
2x
0
= (x -2)e dx (H khi D 2006)
4. Tnh cc tch phn sau: (Cc dng khc)
a) I

13
3
0
dx
=
2x +1
b)
3
0
= x x+1.dx

c) I

1
3
0
dx
=
1+ x +1

d) I

p
3
0
2sin2x +3sinx
= dx
6cosx - 2
e) I

7
e
3
1
1
= dx
x 1+lnx
f) I

3
e
1
1+lnx.dx
=
x.lnx

g) I

7
e
3
1
lnx. 1+lnx
= dx
x
h) I

4
-1
e
e
1
= dx
x.lnx.ln(lnx)
i) I

5
4
5
3
x +1
= .dx
x -1

k) I

1
x
0
dx
=
1+e
l) I

ln5
x
0
= e -1 dx m) I

e
x
0
(x +1)
= dx
x(1+xe )
(HD: t = xe
x
)
5. Tnh cc tch phn sau: (Cc thi tuyn sinh i hc)
1) I =

7 3
2
0
x dx
1+x
(H T.Mi 1997);
( )
1
0
2) I =

6
5 3
x 1-x dx
(H KTQD 1997)
3) I

3 2
2
0
sin x
dx
1+cos x
(H QGHN 1997); 4) I

1
0
xdx
=
2x +1
(HQGTPHCM 1998)
5)

0
cosx sinxdx (HBKHN98);
( )
6) I

2
4 4
0
cos2x sin x+cos x dx (HBKHN 98)
7) I =

7
3
3
0
x +1
dx
3x +1
(H GTVT 1998);
1
0
8) I =
x
dx
e +1
(H QGHN 1998)
9) I

3
0
sin xcosxdx (H DLHV 1998); 10) I

2
4
0
sin2x
dx
1+cos x
(HQGTPHCM 1998)
( )
11) I

2
3
2
0
sin2x 1+sin x dx (HNT 1999); 12) I

4 2
4 4
0
sin x
dx
sin x +cos x
(H GTVT 1999)
13) I =

1
2x
0
dx
e +3
(H Con 2000); 14) I =

ln2 2x
x
0
e dx
e +1
(H BKHN 2000)
15) I

4
4 4
0
sin4x
dx
sin x +cos x
(H CTh 2000);
( )
2
1
16) I =
3
dx
x x +1
(H NNghip 2000)
0
17) I

6 2
6 6
sin x
dx
cos x +sin x
(H Hu 2000); 18) I

2
0
cosx
dx
sinx + cosx
(HNN1-KB 01)
( )
19) I =

2
4
1
dx
x x +1
(H Aninh 2001) 20)

2
2
0
cos xsin2xdx (H NL HCM 2001)
21) I =

1
5 3
0
x 1- x dx (H Lut HCM 2001); 22) I

3 7
8 4
2
x
= dx
1+x - 2x
(CSPNtrang 2002)
( )
0
23) I

2
3 3
cosx - sinx dx (CSPQN 2002); 24) I =

4
2
0
1- 2sin x
dx
1+sin2x
(HC khi B 2003)
25) I =

2 3
2
5
dx
x x +4
(H-C khi A 2003);
1
0
26) I =

3 2
x 1- x dx (H-C khi D 2003)

II.5. TCH PHN BNG PHNG PHP TCH PHN TNG PHN:

nh l: Nu u(x) v v(x) l hai hm s c o hm lin tc trn on [a;b] th:

[ ]
b
a
=

b b
a a
u(x).v'(x) u(x).v(x) v(x).u'(x). dx dx

hay
[ ]
b
a
=

b b
a a
u(x). u(x).v(x) v(x). dv du

hay

b b b
a a a
= - u.dv u.v v.du


a) Phng php tnh tch phn tng phn:
Bc 1: Bin i
( ) ( ) ( )
I
b
a
= =

b
1 2
a
f x dx f x f x dx

Bc 2: t
( )
( )
( )
( )

1
1
2 2
du =df x
u = f x
dv = f x dx v = f x dx

Bc 3: Tnh
I

b
b
a
a
= u.v - v.du

Ch : Khi tnh tch phn tng phn ta phi nm nguyn tc sau:
+ Chn php t dv sao cho d xc nh c v
+

b
a
vdu
phi d xc nh hn

b
a
udv
b) Mt s dng thng dng phng php tch phn tng phn:
Nu biu thc trong du tch phn c cha:
Dng 1: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ; ; ;
nx nx
P x sin(nx).dx P x cos(nx).dx P x .e dx P x .a dx ta nn t:

nx nx
u = P(x)
dv = sin(nx)dx hay cos(nx)dx hay e dx hay a dx

Dng 2: ( ) ( ) ;
a
P x lnx.dx P x log x.dx ta nn t:

a
u =lnx hay u =log x
dv = P(x)dx

Dng 3: hay
x x
a sin(nx)dx e cos(nx)dx hay hay
x x
a cos(nx)dx a cos(nx)dx th
phi s dng tch phn tng phn n hai ln.
(v l mt nguyn hm ca f
2
(x) )
VD 11: Tnh cc tch phn sau:
1. I =

3
0
(3x -1)cos3xdx
t:

du = 3dx
u=3x -1
1
dv =cos3xdx v = sin3x
3

I

3
3 3
0 0
0
= -
2 1 1
(3x -1)sin3x sin3xdx =0+ cos3x =-
3 3
3

2. I

1
0
= (2x+1)ln(x+1)dx
t:

2
dx
du = u=ln(x+1)
x + 1
dv =(2x+1)dx
v = x + x = x(x + 1)

I =

1
1 2
1
2
0
0 0
- =
x
(x +x)ln(x+1) xdx 2ln2-
2
1 1
=2ln2- =- +ln4
2 2

3. ( )
I

1
2 2x
0
= 4x - 2x -1 e dx
(H GTVT 2004)
t:

2
2x 2x
e
4x - 2x -1
1
e dx
2
du = (8x - 2)dx
u=
v = dv =

A - I =

1 1
2 2x 2x
0 0
1 1
4x - 2x -1 e - (4x - 1) e dx =
2 2
( ).

A = + =
1
2 2x 2
0
1 1 1
4x - 2x -1 e e
2 2 2
( ).

=

1
2x
0
(4x - 1)e dx
t:

2x
1
2x
e
2
4x -1
e dx
du = 4dx
u=
v = dv =

( )
1 1 1
0 0 0
= + = +

2x 2x 2 2x 2
1 3 1 1 3
4x -1 e 2e dx e -e e
2 2 2 2 2

A - = -1 I =
Nhn xt: V d trn l dng 1 ca tch phn tng phn ( )

nx
P x .e dx do hng
hc sinh t u = P(x) nhng do P(x) l tam thc bc hai nn ta tnh tch phn tng phn
hai ln. T rt ra nhn xt chung cho hc sinh: Nu P(x) l a thc bc k th tnh tch
phn tng phn k ln.
4. I =

4
x 2
0
4e cos xdx

Nhn xt: Dng 3 ca tch phn tng phn l tch phn c dng

x
e sin(nx)dx

nhng biu thc trong du tch phn ca v d trn cha
2
cos x do h bc ta s a tch
phn v ng dng 3.
( ) ( ) I = I I

+

4 4 4 4 4
x 2 x x x x
1 2
0 0 0 0 0
4e 2e 2 2e 2 2e 2e 2 cos xdx= 1+cos x dx= 1+cos x dx= dx+ cos x.dx=
Ta c:
0
I

4
4
x x 4
1
0
2e 2e 2e -2 = dx= =

I

4
x
2
0
2e 2 cos x.dx

t:

x
x
2
e dx
u =cos x du = -2.sin2xdx
dv =2 v = 2e

2
- + I =

+

1
4
x x
0
0
2e 2 4e sin2xdx = 2 cos x

=

1
x
0
4e sin2xdx

t:

x
x
2
e dx e
u=sin x du = 2.cos2xdx
dv = 4 v = 4

2
B I =

1
4
x x 4
0
0
4e 2 8e cos2xdx = 4e 4 sin x

2 2
2 2
-2 +B - + I
I - + I - +
I =

| |
= =
|
|
\

4
4 4
= 2 4e 4
1
5 2 4e 2 4e
5

+ 2 - + I I I

| |
= =
|
|
\
4 4 4
1 2
1 14 12
e -2+ 2 4e e
5 5 5
=

Nhn xt: v d trn hc sinh phi tnh tch phn tng phn hai ln, trong khi tnh
ln hai biu thc xut hin tch phn I cn tnh ban u nn ta cn gi dng trn l
tch phn tng phn lp. Trong dng bi tp ny khi lm hc sinh cn lu v du
khi s dng cng thc tch phn tng phn.
5. A =

4
2
0
x
dx
cos x
. T suy ra: B =

4
2
0
x.tg xdx
(H NN Khi B 2000)
t

2
u=x
du=dx
dx
v =tgx dv =
cos x

4
4
0
0
A - =x.tgx tgxdx
=

4
0
d(cosx)
+
4 cosx

=

4
0
+ln cosx
4
=
1
- ln2
4 2

4 4
2
2
0 0
B=
1
x.tg xdx = x.( -1)dx
cos x
=


4 4
2
0 0
x
1
x. dx - xd
cos x
=

2
1
- ln2-
4 2 32

6. ( )
I

3
2
2
= ln x - x dx
(HC Khi D 2004)
t: ( )

2
2
x -1
(2x - 1)dx (2x - 1)dx
du = =
u=ln(x -x)
x - x x
dv =dx
v = x - 1

(nguyn hm v = x + c nn thay c = -1 kh mu s)
I =

3 3
2
2 2
2x - 1
- dx = +1= +
x
(x -1).ln(x - x) 2ln6 -2ln2 2ln3 1

Nhn xt: Trong dng bi tp tch phn tng phn c cha ln(u(x)) thng xut hin
phn s nn rn luyn cho hc sinh kho lo kt hp thm tnh cht ca nguyn hm

f(x)dx =F(x)+C
vi C l mt hng s thch hp ta c th n gin c phn
s cho bc tnh tch phn tip theo n gin hn.
Mt v d tng t: I

4
3
= 2xln(x - 2)dx
7. I dx
| |
|
\

3
2
3
0
= sin x (H KTrc HN 2001);
Nhn xt: v d trn hc sinh phi nhn xt c rng bc u phi i bin s.
t u =
3 2 3
x u = x 3u =dx
i cn:
x 0
3
2
| |
|
\

u 0
2

I du

2
2
0
= 3u sinu I dx

2
2
0
= 3x sinx ta bin i nh trn hc sinh d nhn dng tch
phn tng phn dng 1.
Nhn xt: n y tch phn tip theo c dng 1 ca tch phn tng phn.
Do a thc l bc hai nn tnh I, hc sinh phi tnh tch phn tng phn 2 ln:
t




2
du=6xdx u=3x
v =sinx dv =cosx.dx

2
1
0
3
I I
4
dx

2
2
2
0
= 6xsinx 3x sinx

1
I dx

2
0
6xsinx
t

u=6x du=6dx
dv =sinxdx v =-cosx

1
0 0
I 3 dx

= + = =

2
2 2
0
6cosx 6x.cosx 6x.sinx

2 2
1
3 3
I I 3
4 4

= + =
Nhn xt: Qua v d trn, tnh tch phn i khi hc sinh phi p dng c hai
phng php i bin s loi 2 v tch phn tng phn.
V d tng t: (phi hp hai phng php)
a) I dx

2
4
0
= sin x b)
1
I dx

2
0
= x.ln(1+x ) c) I
e
dx

2
4
0
cos lnx
=
x
d)
2
I dx

cosx
0
= e sin2x. e)
I dx
x

3
2
4
ln tgx
=
cos
f)
4
I dx

x
0
= e

BI TP NGH 6:
1. Tnh cc tch phn sau:
a) I

ln2
-x
0
= xe dx
b) I

6
0
= (12x - 2)cos2xdx c) I

6
2
0
= (2x -4)sin2xdx
d) I

1
0
= (2x -1)ln(x +1)dx

e) I

3
2
= (2x -1)ln(x -1)dx

f) I

2
2
4
xdx
=
sin x

g) I

1
2
0
= 2xln (x +1)dx

h) I

2
x
0
= (12x-4+e )sinxdx

i) I

3
2
2
= 2xln (x-1)dx

j) I

2
2
0
= (x +sin x)cosxdx
(TNTHPT 2005)
2. Tnh cc tch phn sau: (Cc thi tuyn sinh i hc)
a) I

4
3x
0
= e sin4xdx (H A.Ninh 1997) ( ) b) I

1
2x
0
= x -1 e dx (H DLNN-T.Hc 1997)
c) I

2
0
= x sinxdx (H A.Ninh 1998) d) I
| |
|
\

2
4
0
= cos xdx (H DLNN-T.Hc 1998)
2
1
e) I
2
lnx
= dx
x
(H Hu 1998) ( )
f) I

4
2
0
= x 2cos x -1 dx (H TCKT 1998)
( )
g) I

2
2
1
ln x +1
= dx
x
(H Con 2000)
h) I

10
2
1
= xlg xdx
(H Y Dc 2001)
i) I dx
| |
|
\

3
2
3
0
= sin x (H KTrc HN 2001); j) I

e
2 2
1
= x ln xdx (H KT HDng 2002)
1
k) I
e

2
x +1
= lnxdx
x
(HC D b 2-2003);
( )
l) I

0
2x 3
-1
= x e + x+1 dx (HC D.b 2003)
m) I

2 1
3 x
0
= x e dx
(HC D b 2-2003);
( )
n) I

1
2 -x
0
= x +2x e dx (H GTVT 2003)

III. Kim tra kt qu ca mt bi gii tnh tch phn bng my tnh CASIO fx570-MS
Trong mt s trng hp mt s bi tch phn phc tp gii c kt qu
nhng cha nh gi c chnh xc ca kt qu l ng hay sai, khi ta c th
s dng my tnh cm tay CASIO fx-570MS kim tra kt qu. V d vi thi
Khi A nm 2005 I

2
0
sin2x +sinx
= dx
1+3cosx
ta s dng my tnh nh sau:
+ Vi kt qa gii tay l
34
27
ta chuyn sang s thp phn 1,259259
+ i vi bi tch phn lng gic trc ht chuyn sang ch Rad.
+ Quy trnh bm my CASIO fx-570MS nh sau:






V kt qa my tnh l 1,2593. So vi kt qu gn ng trn ng ngha vi p s
bi gii bng tay trn ng.




BI TP NGH 7: CU HI TRC NGHIM TCH PHN
Cu 1:

1
0
2x +1 dx c gi tr bng:
A. 2 B. 0 C. -2 D. 3
Cu 2:

e
2
0
x -1 dx c gi tr bng:
A. 1 B. 0 C. -1 D.
1
2

Cu 3: Chn mnh ng:
A.

3
4
2
4
dx
4 3 - 2sin x 2
B.

3
4
2
4
dx
0
3 - 2sin x 2

C.

3
4
2
4
dx
0
3 - 2sin x 4
D.

3
4
2
4
1 dx
4 3 - 2sin x 2

Cu 4:

e
1
lnx
dx
x
c gi tr bng:
A. 1 B. 0 C. -1 D. e
Cu 5: ( )

1
4
0
x + 2 dx c gi tr bng:
dx
(
ALPHA

X
(
sin
(
2
) + sin
ALPHA

X

3 1
+

(
0
cos ALPHA

X

,

,

)
) 2
) = SHIFT
A.
211
5
B. 211 C. 201 D.
201
5

Cu 6:

2
sinx
0
e cosx dx c gi tr bng:
A. e - 1 B. 0 C. e D. 1 - e
Cu 7:

2
0
3 1 +3cosx. sinx dx c gi tr bng:
A. 3 B.
5
3
C. 1 D. 2
Cu 8:

1
2
0
dx

x +x +1
c gi tr bng:
A.
3

9
B.

9
C.

9 3
D.
3

3

Cu 9:
( )

2
2
1
2x -1 dx

x - x -1
c gi tr bng:
A.
2
ln
3
B.
3
ln
2
C.
4
ln
9
D.
9
ln
4

Cu 10:
( )

1
2
0
4x +2 dx

x +x +1
c gi tr bng:
A. 3ln2 B. 2ln3 C. ln4 D. ln6
Cu 11:

1
2
-1
dx

x +2x +2
c gi tr bng:
A.
( )
ln 2+ 5 B.
( )
ln 2 +5 C.
( )
ln 2 + 5 D.
( )
ln 5 - 2
Cu 11:

2
2
1
dx

-3x +6x +1
c gi tr bng:
A.
3

3
B.
3

9
C.
3

12
D.
3

15

Cu 12:
( )

2
2
1
4x +6 dx

x - 2x +3
c gi tr bng:
A.
( )
4ln 2+ 3 B.
( )
6ln 2+ 3 C.
( )
8ln 2+ 3 D.
( )
10ln 2+ 3
Cu 13: x

2 2
2
0
x +1 dx c gi tr bng:
A.
26
3
B.
28
3
C.
32
3
D.
34
3

Cu 14:
x

6
2
2
dx

x -3
c gi tr bng:
A.
3
2
B.
3
6
C.
3
12
D.
3
36

Cu 15:

1
2
0
dx

x +1
c gi tr bng:
A. ln 2 B. ln2 C.
( )
ln 2 +1 D.
( )
ln 2 +2
Cu 16:

2
1
dx

cosx +1
c gi tr bng:
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
Cu 17:

0
dx

sinx +1
c gi tr bng:
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
Cu 18:

0
dx

sinx - 2cosx - 2
c gi tr bng:
A. -ln2 B. ln2 C. 1-ln2 D. 1+ln2
Cu 19:

| |
|
\

2
0
sinx -cosx
dx
sinx +cosx
c gi tr bng:
A.

1+
4
B.

-1+
4
C.

1-
4
D.

-1-
4

Cu 20:

2
0
cosx
dx
11-7sinx -cos x
c gi tr bng:
A.
1 5
- ln
3 8
B.
1
- ln5
3
C.
1 8
ln
3 5
D.
1 5
ln
3 8

Cu 21:

2
2
-
2
x +cosx
dx
4- sin x
c gi tr bng:
A.
1
ln3
8
B.
1
ln3
6
C.
1
ln3
4
D.
1
ln3
2

Cu 22:

| |

|
\

2
0
1+sinx
ln dx
1+cosx
c gi tr bng:
A.

2
B.
3
2
C. 0 D. 1
Cu 23:

4
4 4
0
sin4x
dx
sin x +cos x
c gi tr bng:
A. -ln2 B. -ln2 C. -ln3 D. -ln3
Cu 24: Cho hm s f(x) lin tc trn R v tha f(-x) + f(x) = cos
7
x.

-
2
-
2
f(x)dx c gi tr
bng:
A.
16
35
B.
32
35
C.
24
35
D.
12
35

Cu 25: Cho hm s f(x) lin tc trn R v tha 3 f(-x) + f(x) = cos
4
x.sin
5
x .

-
2
-
2
f(x)dx c
gi tr bng:
A.
1
-
4
B.
1
-
2
C. 0 D.
1
4

Cu 26:

2
2
0
x - x dx c gi tr bng:
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
Cu 27:

2
3 2
-1
x - 2x - x +2 dx c gi tr bng:
A.
9
4
B.
37
12
C. 14 D.
41
12

Cu 28:

2
2
-3
x -3x +2 dx c gi tr bng:
A.
59
2
B.
2
59
C.
59
-
2
D.
2
-
59

Cu 29: x

2
2
0
5 - 4cos - 4sinx dx c gi tr bng: x

| |
|

|
|
\

2 2
2
0 0
5 - 4cos - 4sinx dx = 2sinx -1 dx
A.

-2 3 - 2 -
6
B.

2 3 - 2 -
6
C.

2 3 +2 -
6
D.

2 3 +2+
6

Cu 30:

2
0
2cosx -1 dx c gi tr bng:
A.

2 3 - 2+
3
B.

2 3 - 2 -
3
C.

2 3 - 2+
6
D.

2 3 - 2 -
6

Cu 31:
( )

2
x
-1
2 - 4 dx c gi tr bng:
A.
1
2+
ln2
B.
1
3+
ln2
C.
1
4+
ln2
D.
1
5+
ln2

Cu 32:

2
-1
dx

1+ 1- x
c gi tr bng:
A. ln2 B. 2ln2 C. 3ln2 D. 4ln2
Cu 33:
( )

2
-1
x - x -1 dx c gi tr bng:
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
Cu 34:
( )

2
0
1- x - 1+x dx c gi tr bng:
A. 5 B. 7 C. 9 D. 11
Cu 35:

1
0
xlnxdx c gi tr bng:
A.
2
e +1
2
B.
2
e +1
4
C.
2
e +1
1
D.
2
e +1
3

Cu 36:

2
0
xcosxdx c gi tr bng:
A.

+2
2
B.

- 2
2
C.

+1
2
D.

-1
2


Cu 37:

1
x
0
xe dx c gi tr bng:
A. 7 B. 5 C. 3 D. 1
Cu 38:

2
x
0
e sin2x dx c gi tr bng:
A. e

| |
|
\
2
2
- +1
5
B. e

| |
|
\
2
1
- +1
5
C. e

| |
|
\
2
2
+1
5
D. e

| |
|
\
2
1
+1
5

Cu 39:

2
2x
0
e cosx dx c gi tr bng:
A.
( )
e

1
+2
5
B.
( )
e

1
- 2
5
C.
( )
e

1
2 +1
5
D.
( )
e

1
2 -1
5

Cu 40: ( )

1
2x
0
e x - 2 dx c gi tr bng:
A.
2
5 -3e
4
B.
2
3e -5
4
C.
2
3e -5
2
D.
2
5 -3e
2

Cu 41: ( )
x
e

0
cos lnx dx c gi tr bng:
A.
( )
e

1
+1
2
B.
( )
e

1
+1
2
C.
( )
e

1
-1
2
D.
( )
e

1
- +1
2

Cu 42: ( )
e

0
sin lnx dx c gi tr bng:
A.
( ) sin1-cos1 e+1
2
B.
( ) sin1-cos1 e -1
2
C.
( ) cos1- sin1 e+1
2
D.
( ) cos1-sin1 e+1
2

Cu 43:
e

x
0
1+sinx
e dx
1+cosx
c gi tr bng:
A. e

2
B. e

C. e
3
2
D. e
2

Cu 44:
( )
e

2
x
2
0
1+x
e dx
1+x
c gi tr bng:
A. 0 B. 1 C. e D. 2
Cu 45:
( )
e

x
2
0
x
e dx
1+x
c gi tr bng:
A.
e - 2
2
B.
e+2
2
C.
e -1
2
D.
e+1
2






The end