Le Thanh Huyen 2707

LI NI U
______000______
Ngy nay, cng ngh thng tin c nhng bc pht trin mnh m theo c
chiu rng v su. My tnh in t khng cn l mt th phng tin qu him
m ang ngy cng tr thnh mt cng c lm vic v gii tr thng dng ca con
ngi, khng ch cng s m cn ngay c trong gia nh.
ng trc s bng n thng tin, cc t chc v cc doanh nghip u tm
mi bin php xy dng hon thin h thng thng tin ca mnh nhm tin hc
ho cc hot ng tc nghip ca n v mnh. Mc hon thin tu thuc vo
qu trnh phn tch v thit k h thng.
T nhu cu nu trn, trong thi gian thc tp tt nghip em s dng vn
kin thc t i ca mnh tm hiu v phn tch bi ton qun l k tc x Trng
C CNNT Hu Ngh Vit Hn. N ch mang tnh cht th nghim hc hi,
trao i kinh nghim v lm quen vi thc t.
Vi s hng dn tn tnh ca Thy L Tn em hon thnh cun bo co
n tt nghip ny. Tuy c gng ht sc tm hiu, phn tch thit k v ci
t h thng nhng chc rng khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Em rt mong
nhn c s thng cm v gp ca qu Thy c. Em xin chn thnh cm n.
Qua y cho php em by t lng bit n n s dy d ch bo ca cc
thy, c trong trng. c bit l thy L Tn, ngi trc tip hng dn, ch
bo v gip em trong thi gian thc hin n tt nghip ny, em chn thnh
cm n s hng dn tn tnh ca Thy.
Nng, thng 04 / 2010
Sinh vin thc hin
L Thanh Huyn
Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Gio vin hng dn: Th.s L Tn
Trang i
MC LC
LI NI U.........................................................................................................i
MC LC................................................................................................................ii
Chng 1. Tng quan ti.................................................................................1
1.1 L do chn ti................................................................................................1
1.2 Tnh hnh nghin cu
1.2.1 Tng quan tnh hnh nghin cu thuc lnh vc ca ti.....................1
1.2.2 Danh mc cc cng trnh lin quan...........................................................2
1.3 Mc tiu v phng php nghin cu................................................................2
1.3.1 Mc tiu....................................................................................................2
1.3.2 Phng php nghin cu..........................................................................2
1.3.2.1 Phng php khoa hc...................................................................2
1.3.2.2 Phng php thu thp ti liu.......................................................3
1.4 Ti liu tng hp.................................................................................................3
1.4.1 B my t chc.........................................................................................3
1.4.2 Ni quy k tc x......................................................................................5
Chng 2. C s l thuyt v cng c pht trin.............................................6
2.1 C s l thuyt....................................................................................................6
2.1.1 Cc khi nim c bn...............................................................................6
2.1.2 Khi nim ph thuc d liu v cc dng chun...................................6
2.1.3 Khi nim ch dn v kho ch dn..........................................................7
2.1.4 Mc tiu v tnh u vit ca m hnh quan h........................................7
2.2 Cng c pht trin..............................................................................................7
2.2.1 La chn cng c.....................................................................................7
2.2.1.1 L do chn cng c Visual Basic 6.0...........................................7
2.2.1.2 Tm tt s lc v ngn ng Visual Basic 6.0...........................8
2.2.1.2.1 Bin..................................................................................8
2.2.1.2.2 Cc kiu d liu trong Visual Basic................................9
2.2.1.2.3 Cc ton t trong Visual Basic.........................................11
2.2.1.2.3.1 Cc ton t tnh ton................................................11
2.2.1.2.3.2 Cc ton t so snh..................................................11
2.2.1.2.3.3 Cc ton t lun l...................................................11
2.2.1.2.3.4 Cu trc tuyn.........................................................11
2.2.1.2.3.5 Cu trc lp.............................................................12
2.2.1.2..4 Hng, th tc, hm.........................................................13
2.2.1.3 H qun tr c s d liu MySQL..............................................16
2.2.2 Mi trng lm vic.................................................................................16
2.2.3 Kt lun....................................................................................................17
Chng 3. Phn tch thit k h thng.............................................................18
3.1 Phn tng quan....................................................................................................18
3.1.1 Phm vi v rng buc cho h thng.........................................................18
3.1.1.1 Phm vi h thng.........................................................................18
3.1.1.2 Cc rng buc h thng...............................................................18

Trang ii
3.1.2 K hoch thc hin..................................................................................18

3.2 Phn tch..............................................................................................................18
3.2.1 Phn tch hin trng..................................................................................18
3.2.1.1 S t chc...............................................................................18
3.2.1.2 M t hot ng hin trng ca bi ton tng ng.................18
3.2.1.3 Nhn xt nh gi hin trng.......................................................19
3.2.2 Phn thch d liu.....................................................................................20
3.2.2.1 M hnh ha d liu quan nim ER c c t m hnh..............20
3.2.2.1.1 M hnh ha d liu ER...................................................20
3.2.2.1.2 c t m hnh.................................................................20
3.2.2.2 Biu din m hnh quan nim ER...............................................23
3.2.3 Phn tch yu cu h thng......................................................................25
3.2.3.1 Xc nh yu cu chc nng v phi chc nng............................25
3.2.3.1.1 Cc yu cu chc nng....................................................25
3.2.3.1.2 Yu cu phi chc nng.....................................................25
3.2.3.2 M hnh quan h x l BFD.........................................................25
3.2.3.2.1 M hnh cp 1...................................................................25
3.2.3.2.2 M hnh cp 2...................................................................26
3.2.3.2.3 M hnh cp 3...................................................................27
3.2.3.3 Mt s m hnh m t quy trnh ca h thng bng MERISE. .28
3.2.3.3.1 M t quy trnh x l h s ng k ..............................28
3.2.3.3.2 M t x l cc khon l ph..........................................29
3.2.3.3.3 M t quy trnh sp xp phng theo iu kin .............30
3.2.3.3.4 M t x l cc khon ph khc.....................................31
3.2.3.3.5 S x l bin c.........................................................32
3.2.3.3.6 M hnh quan h x l.....................................................33
3.2.3.3.7 M t cc nguyn tc bin c vo ra...............................34
KT LUN.........................................................................................................................35
Ti liu tham kho..................................................................................................36

Trang iii
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
Chng 1 Tng Quan V Ti

1.1.
L do chn ti
K tc x ca trng C CNTT hu ngh Vit Hn v quy m l rt ln nn
vic qun l thng tin cn b KTX, qun l sinh vin ni tr v c s vt cht ,

cc phng , qun l thu chi tin phng, in nc, tm kim thng tin l rt cn
thit. Ngy nay vic qun l trn my tnh mang li hiu qu cao v ngun nhn
lc, kinh t. c dn chng nh Trng HQG Tp.H Ch Minh. c bit vo
u nm s lng SV ng k k tc l rt nhiu v vy nu c mt chng
trnh qun l k tc s gip cng vic nhanh hn v tit kim c nhiu thi gian
cho cng tc qun l.
- Em cm thy em lm ti qun l l ph hp vi kh nng v nng lc hin c
ca em.
- L do c nhn y l nm hc cui ngi trng ny. Em mun lm iu g
v ngi trng m em hc, nn em quyt nh i su vo ti Qun l k
tc x Trng C CNTT Hu Ngh Vit-Hn
1.2. Tnh hnh nghin cu
- Qun l k tc x l mt vn c t ra cc trng c k tc x. V vy c
rt nhiu chng trnh v cng trnh nghin cu v ti qun l k tc x. Mt v
d in hnh v cng tc qun l k tc x Trng HQG T.p H Ch Minh. Qua
nghin cu thc t, qua internet c bit m hnh qun l k tc x ca Trng
HQG Tp.H Ch Minh ang c s dng l rt tt rt ph hp. Nn qua em
mun p dng ci m hnh ny vo qun l k tc x trng mnh. V n c nhng
nt tng ng ging nhau ( V c s vt cht, V i ng qun l...)
1.3. Mc tiu v phng php nghin cu
1.3.1. Mc tiu
Mc tiu c xc nh hng u qun l k tc x nng cao cht lng sng cho
sinh vin.
Chng trnh m bo c:

Trang 1
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
1. Qun l c phng trong k tc x s phng

2. Ti sn trong k tc x
3. Qun l sinh vin trong k tc x ( Danh sch sinh vin tng
phng, trng
phng, a ch, lp, s in thoi lin h)
4. Qun l theo di sa cha phng trong k tc x.

5. Qun l thu tin , tin in nc cp ha n.
6. Qun l ng k k tc x.
7. Qun l thi ua gia cc phng
1.3.2 Phng php nghin cu
- Nghin cu khoa hc l mt hat ng tm kim, xem xt, iu tra, hoc th
nghim. Da trn nhng s liu, ti liu, kin thc, t c t cc th nghim
NCKH pht hin ra nhng ci mi v bn cht s vt, v th gii t nhin v
x hi, v sng to phng php v phng tin k thut mi cao hn, gi tr
hn. Con ngi mun lm NCKH phi c kin thc nht nh v lnh vc nghin
cu v ci chnh l phi rn luyn cch lm vic t lc, c phng php t lc
ngi trn gh nh trng.
1.3.2.1 Phng php khoa hc
- Phng php khoa hc (PPKH). Nhng ngnh khoa hc khc nhau cng c th c
nhng PPKH khc nhau. Ngnh khoa hc t nhin nh vt l, ho hc, nng
nghip s dng PPKH thc nghim, nh tin hnh b tr th nghim thu thp
s liu, gii thch v kt lun. Cn ngnh khoa hc x hi nh nhn chng hc,
kinh t, lch s s dng PPKH thu thp thng tin t s quan st, phng vn hay
iu tra. Tuy nhin, PPKH c nhng bc chung nh: Quan st s vt hay hin
tng, t vn v lp gi thuyt, thu thp s liu v da trn s lu rt ra
kt lun (Bng1.1). Nhng vn c s khc nhau v qu trnh thu thp s liu, x
l v phn tch s liu
Nhm thu thp thng tin t quan st hin trng: V d: K tc x Trng C
CNTT Hu Ngh Vit-Hn gm 4 khu: A1, B1, B2, B3, A2. Hin ti sinh vin

Trang 2
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
ang sng v sinh hot cc khu A1, B1, B2 Mc ch l a danh sch sinh vin
vo CSDL ca bi ton.
Bc
Ni dung
1
Quan st s vt, hin tng
2
t vn nghin cu
3
t gi thuyt hay s tin on
4
Thu thp thng tin hay s liu th nghim
5
Kt lun
Bng 1.1 Cc bc c bn trong phng php khoa hc
1.3.2.2. Phng php thu thp s liu
- Thu thp s liu th nghim l mt cng vic quan trng trong NCKH. Mc ch
ca thu thp s liu (t cc ti liu nghin cu khoa hc c trc, t quan st v
thc hin th nghim) l lm c s l lun khoa hc hay lun c chng minh
gi thuyt hay tm ra vn cn nghin cu.
+ C 3 phng php thu thp s liu:
a) Thu thp s liu bng cch tham kho ti liu.
b) Thu thp s liu t nhng thc nghim (cc th nghim trong phng, th nghim
ngoi ng, ).
c) Thu thp s liu phi thc nghim (lp bng cu hi iu tra).
- Phng php ny kh ph bin, vn dng vao thu thp cc con s: V D:
nh phng B2 311 hin ti danh sch phng c 7 sinh vin.
- Ngoi ra thu thp s liu t phi thc nghim ( nh t cc phiu hi)

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H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
Chng 2. C s l thuyt v cng c pht trin

2.2 . C s l thuyt
2.1.1. Cc khi nim c bn

- C s d liu: L mt tp hp cc bng d liu c quan h vi nhau sao cho
cu trc ca chng cng nh cc mi quan h bn trong gia chng l tch bit vi
chng trnh ng dng bn ngoi, ng thi nhiu ngi dng khc nhau cng
nh nhiu ng dng khc nhau c th cng khai thc v chia s mt cch chn lc
lc cn.
- Thc th: L hnh nh c th ca mt i tng trong h thng thng tin
qun l. Mt thc th xc nh Tn v cc thuc tnh.
- Thuc tnh: L mt yu t d liu hoc thng tin ca thc th y.
- Lp thc th: L cc thc th cng thuc tnh.
- Lc quan h: Tp cc thuc tnh ca mt quan h. Lc mt
quan h gm cc thuc tnh ca thc th cng vi cc mnh rng buc.
VD: Lc mt quan h
R = <x, w> = ( A1:D1,A2:D2, .., An :Dn , M)
Trong : R l mt lc quan h
Ai : tn thuc tnh
Di : min xc nh ca thuc tnh
M : mnh rng buc
Ni dung ca mt lc quan h gi l cc b.
- Cc php ton ti thiu:
* Tm kim d liu theo tiu chun chn, khng lm thay i
trng thi c s d liu.
* Thay i cu trc c s d liu.
* Thay i ni dung c s d liu.
* X l, tnh ton trn c s d liu.

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H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
2.1.2. Khi nim ph thuc d liu v cc dng chun

- Mt thuc tnh gi l ph thuc vo cc thuc tnh khc khi gi tr ca
thuc tnh ny ph thuc vo gi tr ca thuc tnh kia. S ph thuc ny c th l
gin tip hay trc tip.
- Mt quan h bao gi cng c mt nhm thuc tnh m gi tr ca chng qui
nh gi tr ca cc thuc tnh khc, nhm thuc tnh gi l kho.
- Vi mt quan h tu vo cc ph thuc ca cc thuc tnh vo kho c trong
m ta phn chia cc quan h thnh cc dng chun khc nhau. Cc dng chun
c bn:
* Dng chun 1
* Dng chun 2
* Dng chun 3
Cc d liu lu tr di dng chun 3 trnh c hin tng d
tha d liu, to cho d liu c tnh c lp cao. Cc quan h nu cha dng
chun 3 s c phn r thnh cc quan h nh hn c dng chun 3.
2.1.3. Khi nim ch dn v kho ch dn
- c th tm kim thng tin nhanh theo mt tiu chun no chng ta to ra
cc thng tin ch dn theo tiu chun . Cc thng tin ch dn l cc thng tin gip
ta tm kim d liu nhanh. Cc thng tin ny gi l kho ch dn. Kho ch dn c
th l 1 trng hoc nhiu trng trong trng hp ny phi ch ra th t. Vi
cch to ra kho theo tiu chun no ta c th tm kim d liu nhanh theo tiu
chun .
2.1.4. Mc tiu v tnh u vit ca m hnh quan h
- Cho mt lc d liu d s dng, m hnh n gin, ngi dng khng cn
bit cu trc vt l ca d liu. Tin li cho ngi dng cui khng chuyn tin
hc.
- Tng cng tnh c lp ca d liu, c bit l c lp vt l.
- Cho mt kh nng c mt ngn ng thao tc bc cao.

Trang 5
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
- Ti u vic tm kim d liu trong c s d liu, h qun tr t tm cch truy nhp.

- Ci thin nng cao ton vn d liu v bo mt d liu.
- C th phc v cho nhiu chng trnh ng dng.
- C c s ton hc phong ph chc chn:
* L thuyt quan h
* Dng chun c bn vng v y thng tin
2.2. Cng c pht trin
2.2.1. La chn cng c
2.2.1.2. L do chn cng c Visual Basic 6.0
- Do tnh cht ca c s d liu ca bi ton chng trnh ny s dng ngn ng
lp trnh Visual Basic 6.0 trong vic to giao din v chng trnh chnh, kt hp
vi My SQL to c s d liu. Chng trnh chy trn nn Win95/ Win98/Win
XP/Window 7.
- Visual Basic l ngn ng lp trnh thng dng trn Windows. Visual Basic 6.0 h
tr qun l C s d liu v Internet, c bit l qun l c s d liu.
- Visual Basic c nhiu tnh nng mi. Cc iu khin mi cho php ta vit cc
chng trnh ng dng kt hp cc giao din, cch x l v tnh nng ca Office
97 v trnh duyt Web Internet Explorer.
- Visual Basic gn lin vi khi nim lp trnh trc quan (Visual), ngha l khi thit
k chng trnh ta nhn thy ngay kt qu qua tng thao tc v giao din khi
chng trnh thc hin. y l thun li ln so vi cc ngn ng lp trnh khc,
Visual Basic cho php ta chnh sa n gin, nhanh chng v mu sc, kch thc
v hnh dng ca cc i tng c mt trong ng dng.
- Bn cnh , Visual Basic cn h tr tnh nng kt ni mi trng d liu
Access, My SQL, SQL,...Vic lin kt d liu c th thc hin bng nhiu cch.
Trong thit k DataEnvironment l mt im mi trong VB 6.0. N dng
qun l mt cch trc quan vic kt ni mt c s d liu. Ngha l khi ta c mt
thit k DataEnvironment trong ng dng th ta c th qun l tt c cc thng tin

Trang 6
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
gn lin vi kt ni mt ni, ch khng phi nh nhng k thut c in

nhng thng tin kt ni trong CSDL trong chng trnh.
- S dng nhng iu khin chun ca Visual Basic: S dng nhng iu khin
y ly thng tin m ca ngi s dng nhp vo v hin th kt xut trn
mn hnh. V d: hp vn bn, nt lnh, hp danh sch...
- Lp trnh vi i tng: Nhng i tng l thnh phn chnh lp trnh
Visual Basic. i tng c th l form, iu khin, c s d liu.
- Lp trnh vi i tng: Nhng i tng l thnh phn chnh lp trnh
Visual Basic. i tng c th l form, iu khin, c s d liu.
- Lp trnh vi phn hp thnh: Khi cn s dng kh nng tnh ton ca Microsoft
Excel, nh dng mt ti liu s dng thanh cng c ca Microsoft Word, lu tr
v x l d liu dng Microsoft Jet...Tt c nhng iu ny c th thc hin bng
cch xy dng nhng ng dng s dng thnh phn ActiveX. Tuy nhin ngi s
dng c th to ActiveX ring.
- p ng nhng s kin phm v con chut: S dng phm nng, r v th chut
nh tnh nng ca OLE...
- Lm vic vi vn bn ho: X l vn bn, chn hnh theo mun
- G ri v qun l li
- X l a th mc v file: Qua phng thc c l lnh Open, Write# v mt
tp hp nhng cng c mi nh FSO (File System Object).
- Thit k cho vic thi hnh v tnh tng thch: Chia x hu ht nhng tnh nng
ngn ng cho ng dng
- Phn phi ng dng: Sau khi to xong mt ng dng ta c th t do phn phi
cho bt k ai. Ta c th phn phi trn a, trn CD, trn mng...
- Chng trnh "Qun l k tc x Trng C CNTT Hu Ngh Vit-Hn" l
chng trnh qun l c s d liu (lu tr, tra cu...) ti trng. Do vic
dng ngn ng VB 6.0 l thch hp.
2.2.1.3. H qun tr c s d liu MySQL

Trang 7
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
+ MySQL l mt phn mm qun tr CSDL m ngun m, min ph nm trong

nhm LAMP (Linux - Apache -MySQL - PHP)
+ MySQL l mt phn mm qun tr CSDL dng server-based (gn tng ng
vi SQL Server ca Microsoft). MySQL qun l d liu thng qua cc CSDL, mi
CSDL c th c nhiu bng quan h cha d liu.MySQL c c ch phn quyn
ngi s dng ring, mi ngi dng c th c qun l mt hoc nhiu CSDL
khc nhau, mi ngi dng c mt tn truy cp (user name) v mt khu tng
ng truy xut n CSDL.Khi ta truy vn ti CSDL MySQL, ta phi cung cp
tn truy cp v mt khu ca ti khan c quyn s dng CSDL . Nu khng,
chng ta s khng lm c g c.
2.2.1.4. S dng VB.NET kt ni mySQL
- Nhng ai quen vi lp trnh .NET khi s dng ADO kt ni vi CSDL
cng rt quen thuc vi cm t Connection String ng ra, trong lp trnh
Connection String l thuc tnh ca i tng ADO Connection. Vi MySQL cng
vy, mt s thng s truyn vo chui nh ngha kt nivi CSDL gn nh
ging hon ton vi ADO.NET; tuy nhin chng ta khng s dng ADO.NET m l
MySQL Connector.
M v ng kt ni
Vic m v ng kt ni mt i tng ADO.NET l cng vic cc k quan trng

nht trong bt c tnh hung no. Bi v nu coding khng cn thn s d gy ra
trn b nh. Qu trnh m v ng kt ni lun tri qua 3 bc: To mt i
tng ADO Connection; gi ConnectionString cho thuc thnh ca i tng hoc
truyn vo hm khi to ca i tng, dng phng thc Open() mi kt
ni. Khi khng c nhu cu s dng i tng Connection ny na, hy dng
IsNothing (cho
VB.NET) hy tt c cc connection v lin kt ti i tng; v cng gii
phng ti nguyn h thng. Cng ging nh SQL; MySQL cng dng sn cc
exception gii quyt vn li xy ra ca i tng. Xem 2 v d c th
thy cch m v ng kt ni an ton khi s dng MySQLConnection

Trang 8
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
Dim MySQLConnectionString As String

Dim MyADOConnection As MySqlConnection
MySQLConnectionString = "Server=myServer;" & _
"Database=myDatabase;" & _
"Uid=myUserID;" & _
"Pwd=myPassword;" & _
"Connect Timeout=30;"
MyADOConnection = New MySqlConnection(MySQLConnectionString)
MyADOConnection.Open()
Private Function MySQLADOConnectionOpen(ByRef pErrorMessageString As
String) As
Boolean
Try
mMySqlConnection = New MySqlConnection
mMySqlConnection.ConnectionString = mMySQLConnectionString
mMySqlConnection.Open()
Return (True)
Catch exError As MySqlException
pErrorMessageString = exError.Message
Return (False)
End Try
End Function
Public Function MySQLADOConnectionClose(ByRef pErrorMessageString As
String) As
Boolean
Try
If Not IsNothing(mMySqlConnection) Then
If mMySqlConnection.State = ConnectionState.Open Then

Trang 9
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
mMySqlConnection.Close()
End If
mMySqlConnection = Nothing
End If
Return (True)
Catch exError As MySqlException
pErrorMessageString = exError.Message
Return (False )
End Try
End Function
c v x l d liu
-Trc khi bt u; bn dy dng phn mm Toad for MySQL to CSDL v
to d liu gi lm v d. y l cng c rt hu ch, tch hp vi MySQL, IBM
DB2, v MS SQL. V d, bn to c CSDL
*DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `DOITUONG`;
CREATE TABLE `DOITUONG` (
`MA_DOI_TUONG` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`TEN_DOI_TUONG` varchar(60) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`TEN_DOI_TUONG`),
KEY `MA_DOITUONG` (`MA_DOI_TUONG`),
ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
* INSERT INTO DOITUONG (`MA_DOI_TUONG`,`TEN_DOI_TUONG)
VALUES ('+Me.txtmadoituong.text+','','+Me.txttendoituong.text+');
2.2.2. Mi trng lm vic
- H thng my tnh ch yu c s dng hin nay ti nh trng ch yu l
my PC.
- a s ngi s dng trn thc t hoc lm quen vi tin hc ch yu s dng
h iu hnh Windows.

Trang 10
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
- H thng chng trnh HTQLKT s rt tin dng khi chy trn mi trng
mng. Tuy nhin n vn c th ci trn my l, p dng vi nhng c s cha ng
dng mng my tnh trong qun l.
2.2.3. Kt lun
- y l chng trnh qun l thc hin tin hc ho vo trong lnh vc qun l k
tc x trng m trc y vn qun l theo li th cng. C s d liu ca bi
ton ny c phn tch v thit k theo phng php MERISE (Methode pour
Rassembler les Idees Sans Effort: Cc phng php tp hp cc tng khng
cn c gng ).
- Mt s mt mnh ca phng php Merise l c c s khoa hc vng chc,
hin ti n l mt trong nhng phng php phn tch c dng nhiu Php v
Chu u khi phi phn tch v thit k cc h thng ln. L phng php dung
thit k mt h qun tr c s d liu hon ho t nhng yu cu c bn ban
u, gip tng bc cm nhn v hon thnh h thng thng tin mt cch logic.
- Tuy nhin phng php ny cng c mt s nhc im l cng knh, do
gii quyt cc p dng nh , vic p dng phng php ny nhiu lc a n
vic ko di thi gian, nng n khng ng c.
Mc m t
Quan nim
Logic
Vt l
Cc khi nim s dng

D liu
M hnh quan nim d liu
M hnh logic d liu
M hnh vt l d liu
X l
M hnh quan nim x l
M hnh logic x l
M hnh vt l x l
Hnh 2.8 Bng cc khi nim s dng

+ Nhu cu thc t
-Trn thc t nhu cu xem xt thng tin v mt vn no ti mt thi im
i vi ngi qun l, nh lnh o rt cn thit. Cc thng tin ny l mt trong
nhiu phn nh trong h thng d liu y . Cc d liu cn xem xt ch c
quan tm theo mt kha cnh no m thi.

Trang 11
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
- Ti mi lc cc thng tin m ngi s dng cn bit l rt khc nhau. Thng tin

c th l nhn gn hoc y tu thuc vo yu cu c th ca ngi s dng.
- Vic xem xt theo di cc thng tin ti mt thi im bt k c ngha rt ln.
Chng cho php ngi qun l theo di c vic qun l thng xuyn i vi
cc sinh vin ang hc ti trng
+ Bi ton t ra
- Cho php ngi s dng chn v tra cu thng tin sinh vin ni tr mt cch
thn thin v nhanh chng nht.
- Cho php ngi qun l c th b sung hoc sa i thng tin sinh vin mt cch
nhanh chng nu c nhn quyn tng ng nh vy.
- H thng t ng kim tra cc khon nu cc khon thu khon no cha thu.
- Khi sinh vin mun lam th tc ni tr th h thng s cho bit danh sch cc
phng cn trng trong tng khu nh sp xp ch hp l

Trang 12
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
Chng 3. Phn tch thit k h thng

3.1. Phn tng quan
3.1.1. Phm vi v rng buc cho h thng
3.1.1.1. Phm vi h thng
- H thng l mt chng trnh qun l, thc hin y cc chc nng, nhm
qun l cc sinh vin v sinh hot k tc x.
3.1.1.2. Cc rng buc h thng
- H thng phi c s dng bi tt c cc thnh vin trong ban qun l k tc
x. V c bit l cc bn sinh vin trong trng.
- H thng phi bt u hot ng sau 6 thng t khi trin khai
- Kinh ph thc hin phi m bo t nht, m chng trnh vn m bo c
tt nht.
3.2.1. Phn tch
3.2.1.1. S t chc
BAN GIM HIU
Phng Y T
Phng Cng
Tc Sinh Vin

Phng Ti
V
Phng Hnh
Chnh
Trang 13
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
3.2.1.2. M t hot ng hin trng ca bi ton tng ng

Ngi dng
Chc nng s dng
Phng Cng Tc Sinh Vin
Thm i tng, tra cu, cp nht
Phng Ti V
Tra cu, cp nht
Phng Hnh Chnh
Tra cu, cp nht
Sinh Vin
Tra cu, ng k mi
Hnh 3.1 Bng m t hot ng hin trng ca bi ton tng ng

3.2.1.3. Nhn xt nh gi hin trng v c t bi ton
- Thiu: Phng tin qun l
- Km: Chu trnh qu lu, nht l khu gii quyt h s ng
k KTX
- Tn:
Nhn lc khu kim sat & tm kim
u mi nm hc, phng CTSV s ln k hoch phn cng kim tra kh

nng phng c ca mi khu k tc x thuc khu k tc x ca nh trng. Cn c
trn ch tiu sinh vin u vo ca nm hc s tin hnh ln k hoch chun b
n tip sinh vin vo k tc x. Sau tin hnh thng bo n sinh vin v vic
tip nhn sinh vin cc kho vo khu k tc x ca trng vi mc quyt nh u
tin cho tng i tng sinh vin cn c vo kh nng tip nhn thc t ca khu
k tc x.
Phng CTSV phn cng cn b tip nhn h s sinh vin ng k vo
KTX.
Sau khi nhn y cc h s th tc cn thit v vic ng k
k tc x ca sinh vin, Phng cng tc sinh vin nhanh chng xem xt h s v tr

li cho sinh vin ti a trong vng 15 ngy k t ngy nhn h s v vic tip

Trang 14
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
nhn hay khng tip nhn sinh vin vo trong k tc x.

Trng hp sinh vin ng k vo k tc x nhng khng c chp
nhn th phi thng bo v nu l do c th.
Trong thi hn ti a l 7 ngy t ngy ra thng bo sinh vin c tip
nhn vo k tc x, Phng CTSV s ln k hoch hon tt cc th tc
cn thit.
Mc ph k tc x c BGH quy nh theo 3 mc c th:
80.000d/thang, 100.000d/1thang v 120.000d/thng

.
n xin k tc x ch c gi tr trong mt hc k nht nh. Sau
mi hc k, trc khi ngh h, ngh tt sinh vin phi bn giao li phng cho
P.CTSV v lm li th tc ng k nu mun tip tc ti KTX.
Mt thng trc khi hp ng ni tr ht hn, Phng CTSV ca
trng phi thng bo cho sinh vin ni tr bit v thng bo thi gian ng k c
th.
Vic ng k tip tc ti k tc x phi c thc hin ng
theo lch do Phng Cng Tc Sinh Vin ra.
Sau khi mi th tc ng k v l ph c hon tt. Phng
CTSV s tin hnh b tr sp xp ch cho sinh vin ni tr, ng thi tin hnh
lm th tc ng k tm tr, tm vng vi c quan cng an ti a phng trng
c tr.
Tt c yu cu chuyn i phng trong khu k tc x phi
c s ng ca Phng CTSV.
Tt c cc sinh vin phi tun th tuyt i qui nh ca k tc
x. Mi trng hp mun ng k li h hoc l, tt phi lm phiu ng k v

np v phng CTSV v phi c s ph duyt ca Phng CTSV.
Tt c cc h s sinh vin ni tr phi c qun l theo ng
qui nh ca lu tr h s sinh vin v nhm m bo vic qun l sinh vin ni

tr theo nguyn tc phn b phng ca k tc x (Theo Lp, Theo Khoa, Sau

Trang 15
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
phn b cc sinh vin cn li).

3.2.2. Phn thch d liu
3.2.2.1. M hnh ha d liu quan nim ER c c t m hnh
3.2.2.1.1. M hnh ha d liu ERD
NHATKY
TIEUTHU
NHATKYLE
PHIKHAC
TAISAN
(1,1)
DOITUONG
(1,1)
(1,1)
C
a
Lin
Qua
n
(1,n)
Th
c u
u
Th c
(1,1)
(1,n)
(0,n)
(1,n)
(1,n)
(1,1)
SINHVIEN
(1,n)
(1,1)
(1,n)
(1,n)
C
a
(1,n)
Thu
c
PHONG
T
ai
(1,1)
C
a
KHUNHA
(0,n)
Lin
n
Qua
(1,1)
NHATKYPHIO
NHATKY BH

C
a
(1,1)
HOSO
Lin
Qua
n
(1,1)
KYLUAT
(1,1)
KHENTHUONG
Trang 16
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
Hnh 3.2 M hnh ha d liu ERD

3.2.2.1.2. c t m hnh
SINH VIEN
Thuc tnh
MA_SV
HO_VA_TEN
NGAY_SINH
EMIAL
LP
KHOA
Kiu d liu
INTEGER
VARCHAR
DATETIME
VARCHAR
VARCHAR
VARCHAR
Kch thc
Kiu d liu
INTEGER
VARCHAR
INTEGER
Kch thc
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
60
30
20
20
PHONG
Thuc tnh
MA_PHONG
TEN_PHONG
SO_LUONG
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
45
KHUNHA
Thuc tnh
MA_KHU_NHA
TEN_KHU_NHA
SO_LUONG_PHONG
Kiu d liu
INTEGER
VARCHAR
INTEGER
Kch thc
Ghi ch
THU TNH KHA
45
KHENTHUONG
Thuc tnh
Kiu d liu
Kch
Ghi ch
thc

Trang 17
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
MA_KHEN_THUONG
TEN_KHEN_THUONG
INTEGER
VARCHAR
THUC TNH KHA

60
KYLUAT
Thuc tnh
MA_KY_LUAT
TEN_KY_LUAT
Kiu d liu
INTEGER
VARCHAR
Kch thc
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
60
HO SO
Thuc tnh
MA_HO_SO
TINH_TRANG
Kiu d liu
INTEGER
BOLEAN
Kch thc
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
Kiu d liu
VARCHAR
VARCHAR
DATETIME
INTEGER
Kch thc
10
20
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
THUC TNH KHA
Kiu d liu
INTEGER
INTEGER
INTEGER
Kch thc
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
NHATKYBH
Thuc tnh
NAM_THU
SO_BIEN_LAI
NGAY_THU
SO_TIEN
NHATKYTIEUTHU
Thuc tnh
THANG
SL_DIEN_DUNG
SL_NUOC_DUNG
NHATKYPHIKHAC
Thuc tnh
THANG
SO_TIEN_VUOT_DM
Kiu d liu
INTEGER
VARCHAR
Kch thc Ghi ch

THUCTNH KHA
45
NHAT KY PHI O
Thuc tnh
NAM_THU
Kiu d liu
VARCHAR
Kch thc
10

Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
Trang 18
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
SO_BIEN_LAI
NGAY_THU
SO_TIEN
VARCHAR
DATETIME
VARCHAR
20
Kiu d liu
INTERGER
VARCHAR
Kch thc
Kiu d liu
INTERGER
VARCHAR
Kch thc
THUC TNH KHA
45
TAI SAN
Thuc tnh
MA_TAI_SAN
TEN_TAI_SAN
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
45
DOI TUONG
Thuc tnh
MA_DOI_TUONG
TEN_DOI_TUONG
Ghi ch
THUC TNH KHA
60
3.2.2.2. Biu din m hnh quan nim ERD

Trang 19
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
Hnh 3.2 M Hnh ERD1

Trang 20
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
Hnh 3.3 M Hnh ERD2

3.2.3. Phn tch yu cu h thng

Trang 21
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
3.2.3.1. Xc nh yu cu chc nng v phi chc nng

3.2.3.1.1. Cc yu cu chc nng
- Qun l lu tr tt c thng tin h s ng k k tc x.
- Qun l danh sc sinh vin k tc x v ti sn trong k tc x.
- Cho php tm kim tc thi cc thng tin ca mt sinh vin hoc 1 h s ng k.
- T ng sp xp phng cho sinh vin theo tiu ch trong bng m t.
- T ng cp nht cc khan ph & l ph khi pht sinh ca sinh vin.
- Thng bo & in danh sch sinh vin theo yu cu.
- T ng tnh tan v tng hp cc khan ph, Bo him y t v cc khan thu
khc.
3.2.3.1.2. Yu cu phi chc nng
- Tr gip ban qun l k tc x lp v in danh sch cc phng dng in nc qu
quy nh.
- Tnh ton cc khon phi thu khc nu phng dng in nc vt nh mc cho
php.
- ng k trc tip trn Internet qua d liu t xa

Trang 22
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
3.2.3.2. Biu phn r chc nng
QUANLYKTX
NG K KTX
KHON L PH KHC
SP XP PHNG
THEO IU KIN
THU L PH KHC
THU PH
XT DUYT H S
TIP NHN IU KIN
THNG BO C
HAY KHNG
THNG BO VT NH
MC
KIM TRA THNG TIN
THNG BO CC KHON
PH SAU KHI
I CHIU DANH SCH

PHNG THEO IU KIN
THU PH
THNG BO
LU CSDL
LU CSDL
3.2.3.3. M hnh quan h x l DFD

3.2.3.3.1. M hnh cp 1
SINHVIEN
H S NG K
KT QU QUN L KTX
THNG TIN KT Qu NG K
H THNG
QUN L K
TC X
BQL
YU CU QUN L KTX
Hnh 3.4 Hnh BFD Cp 1

Trang 23
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
3.2.3.3.2. M hnh cp 2
SINHVIEN
K T QU NG K
THNG TIN NG K
2.NG K
V XT
DUYT
BQL
H S NG K KTX
3. KTX
YU C U TH NG K TI SN
K T QU TH NG K TI SN
SINHVIEN
CHI PH HNG THNG
CC KHON PH PH I N P KHC
4.QUN
L THU
PH HNG
THNG
THNG TIN TI SN
PH PH I TR CHO TI SN THIT H I
5.QUN
L TI
SN
Hnh 3.5 Hnh BFD Cp 2

Trang 24
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
3.2.3.3.3. M hnh cp 3
5.THNG K
TI SN V
CHI PH
HNG
THNG
HA N
6. QL TI
SN
HA N
CHI PH HNG THNG
3.SP XP
PHNG
4. QUN
L VIC
THU PH
THNG TIN TI SN
THNG TIN TI S N
L PH
DANH
SCHSCH
SINHSINH
VIN VIN
DANH
THNG TIN PHNG
TI SN
PHNG
BIEN NHAN
S SINH VIN
PHNG
SINHVIEN
THNG TIN CH
SINH VIn KO SINH
/KVIN
KO /K
THNG TIN NG K
1.NG K
KTX
2.XT
DUYT H
S
SINHVIEN
IU KIN XET DUY T
H S SINH VIN
H S NG
K
H S SINH VIN
CC TH
CHUN XT
DUYT
Hnh 3.7 Hnh DFD Cp 3

Trang 25
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
3.2.3.4. Mt s m hnh m t quy trnh ca h thng

3.2.3.4.1. M t quy trnh x l h s ng k
Hnh 3.8 Biu miu t hot ng ca quy trnh x l h s ng k

Trang 26
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
3.2.3.4.2. M t x l cc khon l ph khc
Hnh 3.9 Biu m t x l cc khon

Trang 27
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
3.2.3.4.3. M t quy trnh sp xp phng theo iu kin
Hnh 3.10 Biu m t quy trnh sp xp phng theo iu kin

Trang 28
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
3.2.3.4.4. M t x l cc khon ph khc
Hnh 3.11 Biu m t x l cc khon ph khc

Trang 29
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
3.2.3.3.5. S x l bin c
Hnh 3.12 S x l bin c

Trang 30
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
3.2.3.3.6. M hnh quan h x l
Hnh 3.13 M hnh quan h x l

Trang 31
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
3.2.3.3.6. M t cc nguyn tc bin c vo ra

STT
1
Nguyn tc x l
Bin c vo
Bin c ra
Kim tra thng tin h s Yu cu KTX + H H s khng hp

ng k chp l ?
l.
ng k
H s hp l.
Kim tra h s c iu H s hp l + Danh H s khng

kin?
sach
iu
iu kin KTX
kin.
H s iu kin.
Danh sch phng
Khng cn phng.
Cn phng chng.
Kim tra cn phng trng?
Sp xp phng theo iu Danh sach phng trng + Phng

kin
sinh
vin
Danh sch h s c
iu
kin + Danh sch iu

kin sp phng.
X l thu ph & cc loi ph Bin lai cc khan ph
Ghi nhn cc khon
khc
ph ng
ng
Kim tra in nc vt Danh sch phng + s Lp danh sch cc

nh
lng in nc phng
mc?
dng
nh
theo phng
mc.
X l thu cc khon ph Danh sch cc phng Thng

khc
dung vt nh mc
dng
vt
bo
cc
phng
ng tin vt nh
mc.
Hnh 3.14 Bng m t cc nguyn tc bin c vo r

Trang 32
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
VIETHANIT
KT LUN
Trong qu trnh tm hiu v lm bi, em c gng hon thin bi lm v hon
thin mnh hn v mt kin thc. Nhng cng khng th trnh khi nhng thiu
st. Nhng qua bi lm v phn ny em rt ra c nhng kinh nghim v bn
thn khi lm mt d n nho nh cho mnh. V phn ny th gip em hiu r hn v
cng c m mnh la chn v cng nh phn l thuyt, phng php tm hiu
v tnh c th ca cc bi ton.
Bi ton c thit k v ci t bng ngn ng Visual Basic cho php chy trn
mi trng Windows do k tha c nhng tnh nng mnh ca Windows
nh:
- Cho mt giao din thn thin vi ngi s dng
- Chy theo ch a nhim
- In n nhanh chng v thun li
Bi ton qun l khch sn ny ch yu l p dng quy m trng v c
quy m tng i nh, do c th ca mi trng l khc nhau nn cng tc qun
l vi mi trng cng l khc nhau. y em ch tm hiu v cng tc qun l
th ca ring trng mnh nn chng trnh ny ch yu p dng cho cng tc
qun l ca trng m thi.
Do thi gian hn ch v trnh hiu bit ca bn thn cha nhiu nn
vic phn tch thit k cha hon thin N mang tnh cht hc hi, trao i v bt
u lm quen vi thc t. Nhng qua t ny, em hc hi c nhiu kinh
nghim trong qu trnh phn tch thit k v ci t mt chng trnh qun l, ng
thi cng b sung kin thc cho bn thn.
Em xin chn thnh cm n Thy L Tn tn tnh gip em hon
thnh phn ny. Em cng by t lng bit n su sc ti qu Thy C khoa khoa
hc my tnh cc Thy C phng cng tc sinh vin ch bo tn tnh. Em xin
cm n cc bn ng gp kin v ng vin ti hn thnh phn c s l
thuyt ny ca mnh.

Trang 33
VIETHANIT
H Thng Qun L K Tc X
Ti liu tham kho
[1] - " Microsoft Visual Basic & Lp trnh c s d liu 6.0 ", Nguyn Th
Ngc Mai (ch bin), Nh xut bn lao ng -X hi.
[2] - " Nhng bi thc hnh c s d liu Visual Basic cn bn ", Ks. inh
Xun Lm, Nh xut bn thng k.
[3] - "Bi ging c s d liu & phn tch v thit k h thng thng tin
qun l ", Ths. Nguyn Hu Trng.
[4] - " Phn tch thit k h thng thng tin qun l ", Ths. inh Th Hin,
Nh xut bn thng k - 2000.
[5] Gio Trnh Phn Tch Thit K H Thng Thng Tin.PGS- TS Nguyn Vn
Ba-Nh Xut Bn i Hc Gia H Ni- 2003.
[6] Gio Trnh Lp Trnh Visual Basic.net Vi C S D Liu .Th.s Trnh Th

Ngc Linh- Gio trnh ni b Trng Cao ng CNTT Hu Ngh Vit - Hn
[7] Gio Trnh Phn Tch Thit K H Thng . Ch bin L Vit Trng - Gio
trnh ni b Trng Cao ng CNTT Hu Ngh Vit Hn
[8] De Macro T..,Structured Analysisa and System Specification, Yourdon Press,

New York 1989.

Trang 34

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LI NI U

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

3.1.2 K hoch thc hin..................................................................................18

Ti liu tham kho..................................................................................................36

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Chng 1 Tng Quan V Ti

vic qun l thng tin cn b KTX, qun l sinh vin ni tr v c s vt cht ,

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

1. Qun l c phng trong k tc x s phng

phng, a ch, lp, s in thoi lin h)

4. Qun l theo di sa cha phng trong k tc x.

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Chng 2. C s l thuyt v cng c pht trin

2.1.1. Cc khi nim c bn

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

2.1.2. Khi nim ph thuc d liu v cc dng chun

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

- Ti u vic tm kim d liu trong c s d liu, h qun tr t tm cch truy nhp.

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

gn lin vi kt ni mt ni, ch khng phi nh nhng k thut c in

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

+ MySQL l mt phn mm qun tr CSDL m ngun m, min ph nm trong

Vic m v ng kt ni mt i tng ADO.NET l cng vic cc k quan trng

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Dim MySQLConnectionString As String

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Cc khi nim s dng

Hnh 2.8 Bng cc khi nim s dng

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

- Ti mi lc cc thng tin m ngi s dng cn bit l rt khc nhau. Thng tin

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

Chng 3. Phn tch thit k h thng

BAN GIM HIU

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

3.2.1.2. M t hot ng hin trng ca bi ton tng ng

Chc nng s dng

Phng Cng Tc Sinh Vin

Thm i tng, tra cu, cp nht

Tra cu, cp nht

Phng Hnh Chnh

Tra cu, cp nht

Hnh 3.1 Bng m t hot ng hin trng ca bi ton tng ng

Nhn lc khu kim sat & tm kim

u mi nm hc, phng CTSV s ln k hoch phn cng kim tra kh

Phng CTSV phn cng cn b tip nhn h s sinh vin ng k vo

Sau khi nhn y cc h s th tc cn thit v vic ng k

k tc x ca sinh vin, Phng cng tc sinh vin nhanh chng xem xt h s v tr

Sinh vin thc hin: L Thanh Huyn CCLT010033

nhn hay khng tip nhn sinh vin vo trong k tc x.

80.000d/thang, 100.000d/1thang v 120.000d/thng

n xin k tc x ch c gi tr trong mt hc k nht nh. Sau

Mt thng trc khi hp ng ni tr ht hn, Phng CTSV ca

Vic ng k tip tc ti k tc x phi c thc hin ng

theo lch do Phng Cng Tc Sinh Vin ra.

Sau khi mi th tc ng k v l ph c hon tt. Phng

Tt c yu cu chuyn i phng trong khu k tc x phi

Tt c cc sinh vin phi tun th tuyt i qui nh ca k tc

x. Mi trng hp mun ng k li h hoc l, tt phi lm phiu ng k v

Tt c cc h s sinh vin ni tr phi c qun l theo ng

qui nh ca lu tr h s sinh vin v nhm m bo vic qun l sinh vin ni