Professional Documents
Culture Documents
LUN VN TT NGHIP
Cn Th - 2010
Lun vn tt nghip
LI CM T
-1-
Lun vn tt nghip
LI CAM OAN
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Ngy
thng 11 nm 2010
Th trng n v
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Ngy
thng 12 nm 2010
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Ngy
thng 12 nm 2010
Gio vin phn bin
-5-
Lun vn tt nghip
MC LC
Trang
Chng 1: GII THIU ................................................................................. 1
1.1. L do chn ti ........................................................................................ 1
1.2. Mc tiu nghin cu ................................................................................... 2
1.2.1. Mc tiu chung ............................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Mc tiu c th ............................................................................... 2
1.3. Phm vi nghin cu .................................................................................... 2
1.3.1. Khng gian ...................................................................................... 2
1.3.2. Thi gian ......................................................................................... 2
1.3.3. i tng nghin cu ..................................................................... 2
1.4. Lc kho ti liu ....................................................................................... 3
Chng 2: PHNG PHP LUN & PHNG PHP NGHIN CU .... 4
2.1. Phng php lun ....................................................................................... 4
2.1.1. Cc vn c bn v th trng ..................................................... 4
2.1.2. Cc vn c bn v xut khu hng ha ...................................... 5
2.2. Tnh hnh xut khu go ca c nc ......................................................... 8
2.2.1 Tnh hnh xut khu go .................................................................. 8
2.2.2 Ch trng v nh hng ca chnh ph ..................................... 18
2.3. Phng php nghin cu .......................................................................... 20
2.3.1. Phng php thu thp s liu.......................................................... 20
2.3.2. Phng php phn tch s liu ........................................................ 21
Chng 3: GII THIU V CNG TY C PHN NNG SN THC
PHM XUT KHU CN TH .................................................................. 24
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
DANH MC HNH
Trang
Hnh 1: Biu th hin sn lng v gi xut khu go ca Vit Nam t nm
2006 6th/2010 ...................................................................................... 11
Hnh 2: C cu kim ngch xut khu go ca Vit Nam qua cc th trng nm
2007 2008 (%) ..................................................................................... 14
Hnh 3: Tp 10 th trng nhp khu go ln nht t Vit Nam nm 2008 ....... 15
Hnh 4: S b my qun l ca Cng ty Mekonimex nm 2010 ................... 28
Hnh 5: Quy trnh ch bin go ca Cng ty Mekonimex ................................... 32
Hnh 6: C cu go thnh phm ca Cng ty Mekonimex t nm 2007 n
6th/2010 .................................................................................................. 39
Hnh 7: C cu sn lng go nguyn liu thu mua tng phn xng ca Cng
ty Mekonimex t nm 2008 6th/2010 ................................................. 43
Hnh 8: C cu sn lng theo th trng ca Cng ty Mekonimex t nm 2007
6th/2010 ............................................................................................... 53
Hnh 9: C cu sn lng theo mt hng xut khu ca Cng ty Mekonimex t
nm 2007 n 6 thng u nm 2010 ..................................................... 63
Hnh 10: Gi trung bnh xut khu theo tng mt hng ca Cng ty Mekonimex
t nm 2007 6th/2010 .......................................................................... 65
Hnh 11: C cu chi ph sn xut theo mt hng ca Cng ty Mekonimex t nm
2007 6th/2010 ...................................................................................... 75
Hnh 12: Li nhun thun t hot ng kinh doanh ca Cng ty Mekonimex t
nm 2007 6th/2010 .............................................................................. 83
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Lun vn tt nghip
L do chn ti
Trong qu trnh cng nghip ha hin i ha t nc, xut khu l
- 13 -
Lun vn tt nghip
1.2
Mc tiu nghin cu
1.2.1 Mc tiu chung
Phn tch tnh xut khu mt hng go ca Cng ty t nm 2007 n
Phm vi nghin cu
1.3.1 Khng gian
ti c tin hnh nghin cu ti Cng Ty C Phn Nng Sn Thc
- 14 -
Lun vn tt nghip
1.4
Lc kho ti liu
Lun vn tt nghip ca L Th Cm Dn, ti phn tch tnh hnh xut
- 15 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Cc vn c bn v th trng
2.1.1.1
Khi nim:
Nu hiu theo ngha rng th th trng l tng th nhng tha thun, cho
php nhng ngi bn v ngi mua trao i hng ho v dch v. Nh vy, th
trng khng nht thit phi l mt a im c th. Ngi bn v ngi mua c
th khng trc tip trao i, m c th qua cc phng tin khc thit lp nn
th trng.
Nu hiu theo ngha hp th th trng ch a im hay khng gian ca
vic trao i hng ho, l ni gp g gia ngi bn, ngi mua, hng v tin
v din ra cc hot ng mua bn. y l cch hiu th trng gn vi yu
t a l ca hnh vi tham gia th trng, i hi phi c s hin hu ca i
tng c em ra trao i.
2.1.1.2
-
Chc nng:
qua chc nng tha nhn ca th trng, ca khch hng, ca doanh nghip. Nu
hng ho bn c, tc l c th trng tha nhn, doanh nghip thng mi
mi thu hi c vn, c ngun thu trang tri chi ph v c li nhun v ngc
li. c th trng tha nhn doanh nghip phi nghin cu nhu cu ca
khch hng t tin hnh kinh doanh nhng sn phm ph hp vi nhu cu
trn th trng.
-
- 16 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Chc nng thng tin: Thng tin th trng l nhng thng tin kinh t
Vai tr:
Khi nim:
- 17 -
Lun vn tt nghip
chuyn ra khi bin gii ca mt quc gia, trn c s dng tin t lm phng
tin thanh ton. Tin t y c th l ngoi t i vi mt quc gia hoc vi c
hai quc gia.
Mc ch ca hot ng ny l thu c mt khon ngoi t da trn c
s khai thc li th so snh ca tng quc gia trong phn cng lao ng quc t.
2.1.2.2
Hot ng xut khu c thc hin di nhiu hnh thc khc nhau: xut
khu ti ch, xut khu gia cng, y thc xut khu, xut khu t doanh, xut
khu qua i l nc ngoi, hnh thc tm nhp ti xut, chuyn khu Mi
hnh thc c nhng u im v khuyt im ring bit, ty theo tnh hnh ca
tng n v m tng cng ty c s la chn ph hp vi hot ng kinh doanh
ca mnh.
i vi Cng ty c phn Nng sn Thc phm xut khu Thnh ph Cn
Th, do c uy tn trn thng trng v chu s ch o ca y Ban Nhn
Dn Thnh ph Cn Th cng nh Tng Cng ty Lng thc Min Nam nn
cng ty xut khu go qua 2 hnh thc: xut khu trc tip v y thc xut khu.
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
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Lun vn tt nghip
Xut khu to ngun vn cho nhp khu, phc v cng nghip ho, hin
i ho t nc.
-
trin.
-
- 19 -
Lun vn tt nghip
kinh t i ngoi.
i vi doanh nghip:
-
nng cao kh nng nhp khu, thay th, b sung, nng cp my mc, thit b,
nguyn vt liu phc v cho qu trnh pht trin.
-
Xut khu buc cc doanh nghip phi lun lun i mi v hon thin
tham gia xut khu trong v ngoi nc. y l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn
buc cc doanh nghip tham gia xut khu phi nng cao cht lng hng ho
xut khu, h gi thnh ca sn phm, tit kim cc ngun lc.
2.2 Tnh hnh xut khu go ca c nc t nm 2007 n 6/2010
2.2.1
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Lun vn tt nghip
V sn lng
2.2.1.1
Nm
Chnh lch
+/-
2006
4.600
2007
4.558
- 42
- 0,91
2008
4.830
272
5,97
2009
6.052
1.222
15,14
6th/2009
3.709
6th/2010
3.460
-249
-7,21
- 21 -
Lun vn tt nghip
thnh nc nhp khu go. Ngun cung trn th gii b thu hp to c hi cho
ngnh xut khu go ca Vit Nam pht trin.
Ring nm 2007 khi lng xut khu gim nh so vi nm 2006 vi mc
42 ngn tn tng ng 0,91%. Nguyn nhn l do bin i kh hu, thi tit gi
rt gy mt ma lm sn lng la st gim trn ton th gii, p lc gi vng an
ninh lng thc quc gia gia tng. Nn trong cng tc iu hnh xut khu go,
chnh ph nc ta thc hin rt nghim ngt khng ch s lng go xut
khu hng thng v hng qu nhm m bo an ninh lng thc v gi c trong
nc. iu dn n gim khi lng xut khu trong nm 2007 so vi nm
2006. n nm 2008, 2009 tnh hnh trong nc bnh n, chnh ph khuyn
khch xut khu go tr li, nn khi lng xut khu cng tng ln.
Trong su thng u nm 2010, Vit Nam xut c khong 3.460
ngn tn go, gim 7,2% so vi cng k nm 2009. Theo Hip hi Lng thc
Vit Nam cho rng nguyn nhn ca s st gim ny l do trong qu II, ng
Euro st gim mnh lm gi hng ha nhp khu tng cao, dn ti sc mua
go b hn ch. Hn na, go tn kho ti cc nc chu Phi vn cn nhiu, gp
phn lm gim nhu cu nhp khu go ti khu vc ny. Cng chnh v vy m
pha i tc tr hon giao nhn hng v tm ngng trin khai u thu. Bn cnh
hp ng thng mi cng kh trin khai, do ngoi i th cnh tranh truyn
thng v go cht lng cao l Thi Lan, cc doanh nghip t Bangladesh,
Myanmar cng ang gy kh khn cho go cp thp ca Vit Nam khi a ra gi
thp hn so vi gi ca cc doanh nghip xut khu go nc ta.
2.2.1.2
V kim ngch v gi c
- 22 -
7000
700
6000
600
5000
500
4000
400
3000
300
2000
200
1000
100
USD
1000 tn
Lun vn tt nghip
sn lng
gi xut
khu
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
6th/2010
- 23 -
Lun vn tt nghip
(Triu USD)
Chnh lch
+/-
2006
1.238
2007
1.490
252
20,36
2008
2.910
1.420
95,30
2009
2.463
-447
-15,36
6th/2009
1.748
6th/2010
1.730
-18
-1,02
- 24 -
Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
nm 2007 vi 1.454 triu tn, tr gi 464,87 triu USD, gim 3,71% v lng
nhng tng 8,3% v tr gi so vi nm 2006. Xut khu sang th trng ny ch
yu l go 25% tm.
-
- 26 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Nhn chung, xut khu go Vit Nam sang th trng Chu trong nm
ny gim mnh so vi nm 2007, gim t 78,1% nm 2007 xung cn 58,8%
nm 2008. Ngc li, xut khu sang th trng Chu Phi l tng mnh nht,
tng hn gp i so vi nm 2007 t 8,4% nm 2007 ln 22% nm 2008.
Philippines vn l nc nhp khu go ln nht ca Vit Nam. Nm 2008,
nc ny nhp khu ti 1.800 nghn tn, vi kim ngch 1.400 triu USD, chim
gn 40% tng lng go xut khu ca Vit Nam, tng 9,3% th phn so vi nm
2007.
C cu th trng xut khu go nm 2008 ca Vit Nam c s thay i,
c bit trong vic xut khu go sang th trng Indonesia. Trong cc nm trc
y, cng nh nm 2007, Indonesia lun l th trng xut khu go ln ca Vit
Nam, chim 24% tng lng xut khu. Nhng n nm 2008, nc ny gim
mnh lng nhp khu go, ch chim hn 1% tng lng go xut khu, tng
ng vi mc 76,4 nghn tn go, gim mnh so vi mc hn 1 triu tn go ca
nm 2007, tut xung v tr th 10 trong bng xp hng. Do lng d tr trong
nc cao v m rng sn xut nn Indonesia c th t p ng c nhu cu go
ti th trng trong nc.
- 27 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Khi lng
(tn)
Philippines
Kim ngch
(USD)
1.707.994
917.129.956
Malaysia
613.213
272.193.107
Cuba
449.950
191.035.678
Singapore
327.533
133.594.368
i Loan
204.959
81.616.149
Iraq
171.000
68.947.000
Nga
84.646
37.089.136
Hng Kng
44.599
20.214.664
Nam Phi
37.253
16.367.271
Ucraina
37.562
15.748.696
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Lun vn tt nghip
Khi lng
(tn)
Kim ngch
(USD)
Philippines
1.278.759
819.986.741
-3,42
Singapore
339.046
138.864.526
110,59
i Loan
288.874
111.491.086
213,36
Malaysia
181.181
81.578.665
-47,77
Cuba
148.400
66.326.176
-42,22
Hng Kng
71.077
31.486.701
281,19
Nga
30.941
13.384.939
-30,76
Indonesia
16.545
10.023.520
45,61
Nam Phi
17.031
6.893.452
-48,69
Ucraina
8.259
3.809.423
-62,24
Ngun: AGROINFO
Cc th trng xut khu go ln ca nc ta trong 6/2010 khng thay i
nhiu so vi nm 2009. Nhng c s sp xp li v v tr gia cc th trng.
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 29 -
Lun vn tt nghip
V gi c
- 30 -
Lun vn tt nghip
V cht lng go
Theo Th trng B Cng Thng Nguyn Thnh Bin, hin nay Chnh
ph khng ch trng ra cc ch tiu cng v xut khu go, vic iu hnh
xut khu go s theo hng linh hot sao cho tiu th c go hng ha trong
dn, n nh th trng trong nc. c bit, B Cng Thng v T iu hnh
xut khu go lin b ch o cc Tng cng ty Lng thc nh nc tng cng
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 31 -
Lun vn tt nghip
nhn xut khu trong 6 thng trc nhm can thip bnh n gi go cung
ng th trng khi c bin ng.
Cc doanh nghip k hp ng xut khu go vi gi tho thun trong
cc ti liu do cng ty cung cp, qua cc thng tin trn bo, truyn hnh, internet,
t cc nin gim thng k v cc nghin cu trc y
- 32 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Bc 2: iu kin so snh c
Cng mt n v o lng.
V khng gian: cc s liu c thu thp trong cng cng ty, hoc trong
cng mt hng xut khu go.
Bc 3: K thut so snh
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Lun vn tt nghip
Bc 1: Xc nh cng thc
Bc 3: Xc nh mc nh hng ca cc nhn t
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
Tn y :
Cng ty C phn Nng sn Thc phm Xut khu Cn Th.
Fax: 84.71.832060.
- 38 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Nhn s:
S lng
T l
Thc s
1%
i hc
12
17%
Cao ng
3%
26
38%
Trnh khc
28
41%
Tng cng
69
100%
- 39 -
Lun vn tt nghip
60% trong tng s nhn vin, c nng lc qun l sn xut v kinh doanh.
im mnh y l cc nhn vin c tinh thn on kt cao, tn ty, gn b vi
cng vic, trung thnh vi cng ty. Tuy nhin, Cng ty ang thiu ngun nhn
lc c chuyn mn cao.
C cu t chc:
3.2.1.2
i Hi ng C ng
Ban Kim Sot
Hi ng Qun Tr
Ban Gim c
Phn Xng CB Go An Bnh
Phng T Chc Hnh Chnh
XN Ch Bin Go Thi Thnh
Phng K Ton
X nghip SX kinh doanh bao b
Phng kinh doanh
Cc X nghip lin doanh (02 XN)
Khu nh kho
- 40 -
Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
Phng k ton:
-
hon thin b chng t xut khu v theo di thanh ton ca khch hng nc
ngoi.
-
Gim c xem xt
Cc b phn khc:
-
cng tc xut khu v kinh doanh bao b phc v cho khch hng nh: thng
carton cc loi, bao b phc v ng gi.
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 42 -
Lun vn tt nghip
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Lun vn tt nghip
thnh phm t cc knh, v y mnh thu mua la trc tip t nng dn nhm
gim ch ph thu mua, gip tng li nhun.
Vic ny rt c li cho s pht trin ca cng ty trong tng lai. Va gim
s l thuc vo ngun cung go thnh phm trn th trng, va to ra c sn
phm c cht lng cao, ng u, theo ng yu cu t pha khch hng. T ,
nng cao sc cnh tranh ca cng ty trn thng trng trong nc cng nh
quc t.
Vic tin hnh thu mua ca cng ty rt linh hot, thng l sau cc v thu
hoch la hng nm, hoc theo tnh hnh ca th trng v hp ng xut khu.
Go nguyn liu c mua l go x, c bc b. Sau , s c
a vo my lau bng sn xut ra go thnh phm. Quy trnh ch bin theo s
sau:
Go nguyn liu
My lau bng go
Tm
Go thnh phm
Cm
ng gi
Nhp kho
Hnh 5 Quy trnh ch bin go ca Cng ty Mekonimex
Ngun: Phng kinh doanh
- 44 -
Lun vn tt nghip
3.2.2.1
Phn phi
Cng ty phn phi go qua hai hnh thc: y thc xut khu v xut khu
trc tip.
-
Lng thc Vit Nam thng qua cc hp ng u thu cp chnh ph, gim
c s cnh tranh trong nc. Tuy gi c tng i cao v u ra n nh
nhng phi chu s l thuc vo hot ng ca Hip hi.
-
c phi cnh tranh nn thng thng khng cao bng xut khu theo hnh thc y
thc. Tuy nhin, xut khu vi hnh thc ny, to c s c lp trong hot
ng kinh doanh, khng l thuc vo cc t chc hay doanh nghip khc trong
Hip hi.
Cc doanh nghip xut nhp khu t nhn, hay chnh ph cc nc sau
khi mua go t Cng ty s phn phi li cho cc doanh nghip th trng nc
ngoi, ri mi n tay ngi tiu dng. Do , Cng ty ch to c uy tn i
vi cc nh xut nhp khu. Thng hiu ca cng ty vn cha c ngi tiu
dng th trng nc ngoi bit n.
3.3
on 2007 6th/2010
3.3.1 Kt qu hot ng kinh doanh t nm 2007 2009
- 45 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Nm
2007
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
162.419
307.708
196.329
145.289
90
(111.379)
(36)
162.419
307.708
196.329
145.289
90
(111.379)
(36)
153.026
247.857
185.622
94.831
62
(62.235)
(25)
9.393
59.851
10.707
50.457
537
(49.144)
(82)
4.730
1.514
843
4.331
3.802
12.275
4.956
3.912
7.124
12.349
10.284
2.221
1.999
4.073
5.511
7.544
3.442
3.070
2.793
8.547
160
227
364
65
225
(1.991)
(2.736)
(1.913)
(3.052)
(6.838)
(16)
(55)
(49)
(43)
(55)
4.476
47.696
9.187
43.219
966
(38.509)
(81)
823
80
743
5.220
1.053
2.246
239
2.007
49.703
12.378
22
181
(159)
8.868
2.071
1.423
159
1.264
44.483
11.326
173
199
170
852
1.076
(2.224)
(58)
(2.166)
(40.835)
(10.307)
(99)
(24)
(108)
(82)
(83)
4.167
37.325
6.797
33.158
796
(30.528)
(82)
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Lun vn tt nghip
Doanh thu
Nhn chung, doanh thu ca cng ty qua ba nm c xu hng tng, t trn
162 t nm 2007 tng ln 196 t nm 2009.
c bit c s tng vt trong nm 2008, vi doanh thu t gn 308 t,
tng 90% so vi nm 2007. Tng doanh thu tng trc ht l doanh thu ca hot
ng kinh doanh xut khu go tng cao trong thi gian ny.
n nm 2009, doanh thu ca hot ng xut khu gim mnh tr li nn
tng doanh thu cng b nh hng v gim 36% so vi nm 2008. Song gi c
cc mt hng kinh doanh ca cng ty vn cao hn nm 2007, nn doanh thu
trong nm ny vn cao hn 162 t ng ca nm 2007.
Li nhun trc thu
Do nh hng t khng hong ca kinh t th gii m li nhun cng ty
thu c trong thi gian ny cng b nh hng. Nm 2007, li nhun trc thu
ch t trn 5 t ng.
Sang n nm 2008, tuy tnh hnh kinh t vn cha phc hi nhng do nh
hng t s khan him lng thc ton cu, m gi thu mua la go trn th gii
tng cao t bin so vi nm 2007. em v li nhun kh cao cho cng ty trong
nm t gn 50 t ng, tng 8,5 ln so vi nm trc.
n nm 2009, tnh hnh gi c n nh tr li, trong khi tnh hnh khng
hong kinh t vn cha phc hi nn li nhun trc thu thu c vn thp ch
t gn 9 t ng, nhng vn cao hn so vi nm 2007.
- 47 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Chnh lch
+/%
6th/2009
6th/2010
129.267
90.720
(38.546)
(30)
129.267
90.720
(38.546)
(30)
122.006
84.060
(37.946)
(31)
7.261
6.660
(601)
(8)
6.513
9.803
3.290
51
1.407
1.266
2.579
3.490
1.553
1.426
2.231
3.353
147
160
(348)
(137)
10
13
(14)
(4)
6.298
9.326
3.028
48
14
115
(101)
6.197
3.314
118
3.196
12.522
3.301
3
3.297
6.324
24.239
3
3.267
102
1.312
2.755
1.443
110
4.886
9.767
4.881
100
- 48 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Bin ng sn lng
2007
5%
tm
6.710
2.750
15%
tm
13.061
25%
tm
Tng
6
thng
2009
6
thng
2010
2.800
1.796
-3.960
3.750
1.250
781
9.198
500
600
28.969
7.000
4.650
2008
2009
08/07
09/08
6th10/6th09
50
-1.796
-9.311 -2.500
-781
376
500
-8.698
2.953
500
100
124
-21.969 -2.350
-2.453
- 49 -
Lun vn tt nghip
ng vi mc gim 59%.
Go 15% tm gim 71%, ng vi mc 9.311 tn, ch cn 3.750 trong
nm 2008.
Go 25% tm c mc gim cao nht, gim 8.698 tn ng vi 95%.
Go 5% tng 50 tn vi t l 2% so vi nm 2008.
- 50 -
Lun vn tt nghip
7%
90%
80%
13%
13%
27%
26%
32%
70%
54%
60%
50%
Go 25% tm
100%
45%
Go 5% tm
40%
30%
60%
20%
10%
Go 15% tm
61%
39%
23%
0%
2007
2008
2009
6th/2009 6th/2010
sn lng thu mua thp nht trong tng cc mt hng. Trong giai on ny li
tip tc gim xung t 32% trong nm 2007 ch cn 7% nm 2008 do sn lng
chu s st gim n 95%. n nm 2009, sn lng thu mua ca n tng nh
nn c cu cng tng 6% so vi nm 2008 v t 13% nm 2009.
Trong 6 thng u nm 2010, do c th t cung cp lng go thnh
phm xut khu ca mt hng go 5% v 15% tm, nn Cng ty ch thu mua
thm mt hng go 25% tm. V vy, mt hng ny chim 100% trong tng sn
lng, tng 87% so vi cng k nm 2009. Cc mt hng cn li v khng thu
mua nn chim 0% trong c cu 6 thng u nm 2010.
- 51 -
Lun vn tt nghip
4.1.1.2
2007
5%
tm
15%
tm
56.606 29.813
8.188
5.160
25%
tm
39.551
3.930
2008
2009
6
thng
2009
6
thng
2010
Chnh lch %
08/07
09/08
-20
-18
-47
-73
2.402 4.050
-91
10
69
-54
-45
-79
3.575
6th10/6th09
2008, gim 6.220 triu, tng ng vi mc 20%. Nm 2009 tip tc gim thm
4.446 triu ng ch cn 19.891 triu ng. Trong 6 thng u nm 2010, Cng
ty ngng thu mua mt hng ny, nn gim c chi ph thu mua trong k.
-
- 52 -
Lun vn tt nghip
ng. y l mt hng duy nht Cng ty thu mua trong 6 thng u nm 2010,
vi chi ph 4.050 triu ng tng 69% so vi cng k nm 2009.
4.1.1.3
2007
2008
2009
Chnh lch %
6
6
thng thng
2009 2010 08/07 09/08 6th10/6th09
5%
tm
4.554 8.850
7.104
6.658
94
-20
15%
tm
4.334 7.950
6.550
6.607
83
-18
25%
tm
4.300 7.150
6.550
6.389
8.100
66
-8
21
- 53 -
Lun vn tt nghip
trc.
-
4.1.2.1
a.
- 54 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
6th/2009 6th/2010
18.224 18.979
2009/2008
12.030
6.100
755
-5.930
3.200
2.029
1.000
-1.548
-1.028
22.972 22.179
14.059
7.100
-793
-6.959
4.748
20.7
14.4
14.9
14.1
80%
70%
60%
PX An Bnh
50%
40%
79.3
85.6
85.1
85.9
2009
6th/2009
6th/2010
PX Thi Thnh
30%
20%
10%
0%
2008
- 55 -
Lun vn tt nghip
C cu sn lng thu mua go nguyn liu hai phn xng trong thi
gian va qua ch bin ng nh. Trong lng go thu mua X nghip Thi
Thnh chim khong 79,3% nm 2008 tng ln 85,6% nm 2009. n 6 thng
u nm 2010, ch tng nh t 85,9% cao hn 0,08% so vi cng k nm trc.
X nghip An Bnh c cng sut thp hn nn ch thu mua 20,7% trong
tng lng go thu mua nm 2008, v gim cn 14,4% trong nm 2009. Trong 6
thng u nm 2010 li tip tc gim nh cn 14,1%, gim 0,08% so vi 6 thng
u nm 2009.
4.1.2.2
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
Chnh lch %
6th/09 6th/10
09/08 6th10/6th09
-7
-48
6.425
-41
-43
-14
-47
30.544
18.144 11.257
- 56 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Gi c thu mua
6th/09 6th/10
Chnh lch
09/08
+/%
5.620
5.814
-672
-10
194
6.433 5.670
5.548
6.425
-762
-12
877
16
Phn xng
An Bnh
2008
2009
Chnh lch
6th10/6th09
+/%
vi 10% so vi nm 2008.
-
- 57 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Nm
2007
Nm
2008
Trong
nc
Nm
2009
300
Chnh lch %
6th/09 6th/10
-
5.009
Xut
khu
9.100
-4
-15
-48
Tng
cng
-4
-14
-19
- 58 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 59 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Nm
Trong nc
Xut khu
2007
137.718
2008
278.366
140.648
102
177.552
-100.814
-36
-45.405
-37
2.145
2009
6th/2009
6th/2010
31.958
123.133
77.728
- 60 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Phn tch thc trng xut khu ca Cng ty qua 3 nm 2007 2009
v 6 thng u nm 2010.
4.3.1 Phn tch theo th trng
4.3.1.1
- 61 -
Lun vn tt nghip
2007
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
6th/2009
6th2010 / 6th2009
6th/2010
+/-
+/-
+/-
Malaysia
6.350
7.100
685
685
800
750
12
-6.415
-90
115
17
Philippines
9.322
19.322
7.115
6.490
4.800
10.000
107
-12.207
-63
-1.690
-26
Indonesia
5.990
250
-5.740
-96
-250
-100
Singapore
1.680
11.800
9.550
-1.680
-100
11.800
Chu Phi
6.529
2.000
4.779
750
3.500
-4.529
-69
2.779
139
2.750
367
Tng
29.871
28.672
24.379
17.475
9.100
-1.199
-4
-4.293
-15
-8.375
-48
- 62 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 63 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Sn lng xut khu sang th trng ny tng gim khng u trong giai
on t nm 2007 6th/2010. Trong nm 2007, sn lng xut sang th trng
ny t 6.529 tn, nhng n nm 2008 ch cn 2000 tn, gim 69% so vi nm
trc.
Sang nm 2009, tnh hnh kh quan hn vi sn lng xut sang t 4.779
tn, cao hn nm 2008 l 2.779 tn, tng 139%. Cho thy tim nng pht trin
ca th trng ny trong tng lai.
Trong 6 thng u nm 2010, sn lng li tip tc tng thm 2.750 tn,
tng 3.7 ln so vi cng k nm 2009, t mc 3500 tn.
Cc th trng cn li:
-
on qua tng nm. Trong nm 2007, c khi lng xut khu 1.680 tn,
nhng n nm 2008 th khng c hp ng xut khu. n nm 2009, li t
khi lng 11.800 tn, cao nht trong nm 2009. Nhng trong 6 u nm 2010,
vn cha c hp ng xut khu vi th trng ny. Nguyn nhn l do th
trng ny c kh nhiu ngun cung cp. Ch tm n cng ty, khi gi ca cc
i th cnh tranh qu cao, hoc khng ngun hng cung cp.
b. V c cu (Hnh 8)
Malaysia
Malaysia c xem l mt trong nhng th trng truyn thng ca Cng
ty trong nhiu nm qua. Sn lng xut khu sang th trng Malaysia mi nm
tng i cao so vi cc th trng xut khu cn li, ch tr th trng
Philippines. Nm 2007, t 21% trong c cu cc th trng xut khu. n nm
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 64 -
Lun vn tt nghip
7%
26%
38%
25%
80%
48%
55%
70%
60%
22%
9%
50%
40%
Chu Phi
21%
4%
20%
67%
30%
20%
Khc
Malaysia
4%
3%
53%
Philippines
37%
31%
29%
10%
0%
Nm
2007
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
6th/2009 6th/2010
- 65 -
Lun vn tt nghip
lng xut sang th trng Philippines chim hn phn na trong tng sn lng
xut khu t 53%, tng 26% so vi t l 37% trong 6 thng u nm 2009.
Th trng Chu Phi
C cu ca th trng Chu Phi trong giai on ny c s tng gim qua
tng nm. Tuy ch mi giao dch vi Cng ty trong thi gian gn y nhng th
trng Chu Phi chim n 22% trong tng sn lng nm 2007. Sang nm
2008, sn lng xut khu gim t lm c cu gim theo ch t 7%, gim
15% so vi nm 2007.
n nm 2009, c cu tng ln t 20%, tng 13% so vi nm 2008.
Trong 6 thng u nm 2010, sn lng xut khu sang th trng tip tc tng
trng, chim 38%, tng 34% so vi cng k nm 2009.
Cc th trng cn li
Cc th trng cn li bao gm Indonesia v Singapore, c hp ng giao
dch vi Cng ty gin on qua tng nm. Trong nm 2007, c hai th trng
chim 26% trong tng c cu, trong sn lng xut sang th trng Indonesia
kh cao chim n 20%, Singapore chim 6%. Sang nm 2008, th trng
Singapore tm ngng giao dch vi Cng ty, cn Indonesia cng ch nhp khu
250 tn nn tng c cu ca c hai th trng ch chim 1% trong nm.
n nm 2009, Indonesia cng ngng nhp khu go ca Cng ty,
nhng do Singapore giao dch tr li vi Cng ty vi s lng ln, lm tng c
cu ln n 48%, cao nht so vi cc th trng cn li. Trong 6 thng u nm
2010, c hai th trng trn u khng c giao dch vi Cng ty.
4.3.1.2
Malaysia
L mt trong cc th trng em li doanh thu khng nh cho cng ty
trong cc nm qua. Nm 2007, kim ngch t 1,844 ngn USD sau tng ln
mc 2,884 ngn USD, tng 56% trong nm 2008. Nhng n nm 2009, khi
lng xut khu gim st mnh t lm kim ngch gim theo ch t 299 ngn
USD gim 2,654 ngn USD, vi t l 92% so vi nm 2008.
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 66 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Bng 17 KIM NGCH XUT KHU T CC TH TRNG CA CNG TY MEKONIMEX T NM 2007 N 6TH/2010
n v tnh: ngn USD
Chnh lch
Nm
Th trng
2007
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
6th/2009
6th2010 / 6th2009
6th/2010
+/-
+/-
+/-
Malaysia
1.844
2.884
229
229
305
1.040
56
-2.654
-92
76
33
Philippines
2.637
11.985
2.983
2.718
2.438
9.347
354
-9.002
-75
-280
-10
Indonesia
1.683
123
-1.559
-93
-123
-100
Singapore
492
4.314
3.641
-492
-100
4.314
Chu Phi
1.893
943
1.887
315
1.498
-950
-50
944
100
1.183
375
Tng
8.548
15.934
9.401
6.904
4.240
7.386
86
-6.533
-41
-2.664
-39
- 67 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 68 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 69 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Bng 18 GI XUT KHU THEO TNG TH TRNG CA CNG TY MEKONIMEX T NM 2007 6TH/2010
n v tnh: USD/tn
Th trng
Nm
2007
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
6th/2009
6th/2010
Chnh lch
08/07
Chnh lch
09/08
Chnh lch
6th10/6th09
+/-
+/-
+/-
Malaysia
290
406
335
335
381
116
40
-71
-18
46
14
Philippines
283
620
419
419
508
337
119
-201
-32
89
21
Indonesia
281
493
212
75
Singapore
293
Chu Phi
290
Trung bnh
286
366
381
471
392
420
428
181
63
-79
-17
556
386
395
466
554
194
-170
-31
71
18
- 70 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Malaysia:
Go 15% tm l mt hng xut khu ch yu sang Malaysia, l th trng
c gi xut khu tng i thp so vi cc th trng xut khu khc ca Cng ty
t nm 2008 6th/2010. Tuy nhin, cng b nh hng t gi go th gii, nn
gi xut khu ca th trng ny trong nm 2008 tng thm 40% so vi nm
2007 v t mc 406 USD/tn.
n nm 2009, gi c cng st gim tr li ch cn 335 USD/tn trong
nm, gim 18% so vi nm 2008. Trong 6 thng u nm 2010, gi c tng nh
tr li t 381 USD/tn, tng 14% so vi cng k nm 2009.
Th trng Chu Phi
Tuy cc khch hng th trng ny ch yu l cc nc ngho, kh nng
chi tr cao ca h khng cao, nhng mt hng go xut sang th trng ny ch
yu l go 5% tm. V vy m c gi xut khu cao hn c th trng Malaysia.
Bn cnh , gi go xut khu cn tng gim theo tng thi im giao dch, u
nm hay cui nm vi bin giao ng kh ln t 150 300 USD/nm.
Cng chu nh hng t gi go trn th trng ton cu, gi go th
trng ny trong giai on va qua cng c xu hng tng, t 290 USD/tn
nm 2007 tng ln 471 USD/tn vo nm 2008, tng ng vi mc tng 63%.
Sang nm 2009, gi c c xu hng gim, ch t 392 USD/tn, gim 17%
so vi nm 2008. Trong 6 thng u nm 2010, gi c tng trng tr li t 428
USD/tn, tng 8 USD/tn so vi cng k nm trc.
Cc th trng cn li
-
- 71 -
Lun vn tt nghip
4.3.2.1
a.
Go 5% tm
Sn lng ca mt hng 5% c xu hng tng qua cc nm, t 2,805 tn
trong nm 2007 tng ln 7.300 tn trong nm 2008, tng 160%. V tip tc
tng thm 9.279 tn nm 2009 t mc 16.579 tn, vi t l 127%.
S d t s tng trng lin tc qua cc nm, l do nhu cu tiu dng ca
khch hng thay i, xu hng tiu dng go c cht lng cao ngy cng tng.
Trong khi , go 5% tm l go c cht lng kh tt, go nguyn ht nhiu,
tm t hn so vi cc loi go khc. Nn c khch hng a chung hn dn
n khi lng t hng tng trong cc nm qua. y cng l mt du hiu tt v
tnh hnh xut khu ca Cng ty. V mt hng ny c gi tr gia tng cao hn so
vi cc mt hng khc, t em li li nhun cao hn. S tng trng v khi
lng xut khu ca mt hng ny s mang li li nhun khng nh cho cng ty.
Ring trong 6 thng u nm 2010 t khi lng 3.500 tn, gim 6.800
tn so vi cng k nm 2009. Nguyn nhn ch yu ca s gim st ny l do th
trng Singapore ngng k hp ng vi khi lng ln nh trong nm 2009,
nh hng ln n tnh hnh xut khu ca go 5% tm trong thi gian ny.
Go 15% tm
Tri ngc vi mt hng go 5%, mt hng go 15% tm chu s st gim
sn lng lin tc qua cc nm 2007 - 2009. Mt hng ny gim kh mnh t
17.868 tn trong nm 2007, gim xung cn 7,100 tn trong nm 2008, vi mc
gim 10.768 tn. Sang nm 2009, sn lng li tip tc gim thm 90% so vi
nm 2008, ch cn 685 tn.
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 72 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Bng 19 SN LNG GO XUT KHU THEO TNG MT HNG CA CNG TY MEKONIMEX T NM 2007
6TH/2010
n v tnh: tn
Mt hng
2008
2009
6th/09
6th/10
+/-
+/-
Chnh lch
6th10/6th09
+/-
5% tm
2.805
7.300
16.579
10.300
3.500
4.495
160
9.279
127
-6.800
-66
15% tm
17.868
7.100
685
685
800
-10.768
-60
-6.415
-90
115
17
25% tm
9.197
14.272
7.115
6.490
4.800
5.075
55
-7.157
-50
-1.690
-26
Tng
29.871
28.672
24.379
17.475
9.100
-1.199
-4
-4.293
-15
-8.375
-48
- 73 -
Lun vn tt nghip
V c cu (Hnh 9)
- 74 -
Lun vn tt nghip
100%
90%
29%
31%
80%
37%
50%
70%
53%
3%
4%
60%
25% tm
50%
40%
15% tm
60%
9%
25%
30%
68%
5% tm
59%
20%
38%
25%
10%
9%
0%
2007
2008
2009
6th/2009
6th/2010
Tng kim ngch xut khu ca Cng ty trong giai on ny bin ng qua
tng nm. t 8.549 ngn USD trong nm 2007, tng 86% trong nm 2008.
Nhng n nm 2009 li gim 41% so vi nm 2008. V tip tc gim trong 6
thng u nm 2010, ch t 4.240 ngn USD, gim 39% so vi cng k 2009.
Go 5% tm c khi lng xut khu tng qua cc nm nn kim ngch
cng tng trng qua tng nm. t 815 ngn USD nm 2007 tng ln gp 3
ln t 3.906 ngn USD trong nm 2008. V tip tc tng thm 58% trong nm
2009 t 6.189 ngn USD. Ring 6 thng u nm 2010, khi lng xut khu
mt hng ny gim nn kim ngch cng gim 62% so vi cng k nm 2009, t
1.498 ngn USD.
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 75 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Bng 20 KIM NGCH XUT KHU THEO TNG MT HNG CA CNG TY MEKONIMEX T NM 2007 6TH/2010
n v tnh: ngn USD
Chnh lch 08/07
Mt hng
2007
2008
2009
6th/2009
6th/2010
+/-
+/-
Chnh lch
6th10/6th09
+/-
5% tm
815
3.906
6.189
3.956
1.498
3.091
379
2.283
58
-2.459
-62
15% tm
5.134
2.884
229
229
305
-2.250
-44
-2.654
-92
76
33
25% tm
2.600
9.145
2.983
2.718
2.438
6.545
252
-6.162
-67
-280
-10
Tng
8.549
15.934
9.401
6.904
4.240
7.386
86
-6.533
-41
-2.664
-39
- 76 -
Lun vn tt nghip
4.3.2.3
700.00
600.00
USD
500.00
400.00
5% tm
300.00
15% tm
200.00
25% tm
100.00
0.00
2007
2008
2009
6th/2010
- 77 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 78 -
Lun vn tt nghip
ca Cng ty
4.4.1 Tc ng ti doanh thu trong hot ng xut khu go
Bng 21 DOANH THU T XUT KHU CA CNG TY
MEKONIMEX T NM 2007 2009
Nm
Sn lng
n gi
Doanh thu
(Tn)
(USD/tn)
(1000 USD)
2007
29.870
286
8.548
2008
28.672
555
15.934
2009
24.379
386
9.401
6th/2009
17.475
395
6.904
6th/2010
9.100
466
4.240
Ta c:
Qi = qi x pi
- 79 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Qi = Qi - Qi-1
Do cng ty c nhiu mt hng, mi mt hng li xut sang cc th trng
khc nhau nn n gi cng khc nhau. n gin cho vic nghin cu, ti
s dng n gi bnh qun theo tng mt hng go.
Phn tch s nh hng ca sn lng v n gi n
4.4.1.1
q07
p07
q08
p08
q08-q07 p08-p07
nh
nh
hng ca
hng ca
sn lng
gi
2.805 290
7.300
535
4.495
245
1.306
1.785
7.100
406
-10.768
119
-3.094
844
641
5.075
358
1.435
5.110
-1.199
-354
7.739
25% tm
Tng
cng
29.871
28.672
- 80 -
Lun vn tt nghip
gp phn tng doanh thu ca mt hng ny thm mt lng l 1.785 ngn USD.
-
mc tng 119 USD/tn, nhng cng gip doanh thu ca mt hng ny tng thm
844 ngn USD.
-
USD, nn doanh thu ca mt hng ny cng tng cao nht, vi 5.110 ngn USD.
Nh vy, d chu nh hng t s st gim ca sn lng xut khu,
nhng do n gi xut khu ca cc mt hng u tng cao trong nm 2008, nn
tng doanh thu ca nm 2008 vn tng.
Tng hp cc nhn t nh hng = (-354) + 7.339 = 7.386 ngn USD
(ng bng i tng phn tch).
4.4.1.2
- 81 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Doanh thu xut khu go nm 2009 gim xung 6.533 nghn USD so vi
nm 2008 l do s nh hng ca cc nhn t c th hin qua bng sau:
Bng 23 - NH HNG CA SN LNG V N GI N DOANH
THU XUT KHU CA CNG TY MEKONIMEX T NM 2008-2009
Mt
hng
q08
p08
q09
p09
q09-q08
p07-p06
nh
nh
hng ca
hng
sn lng
ca gi
5% tm
7.300
535
16.579
373
9.279
-162
4.964
-2.681
15% tm
7.100
406
685
335
-6.415
-71
-2.606
-49
25% tm 14.272
641
7.115
419
-7.157
-222
-4.586
-1.577
24.379
-4.293
-2.227
-4.306
Tng
cng
28.672
- 82 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 83 -
Lun vn tt nghip
nh
nh
hng ca
hng ca
sn lng
gi
5% tm
10.300
384
3.500
428
-6.800
44
-2.612
153
15% tm
685
335
800
381
115
46
39
37
25% tm
6.490
419
4.800
508
-1.690
89
-708
427
9.100
-8.375
-3.281
617
Tng
cng
17.475
USD/tn, t 508 USD/tn, lm doanh thu ca mt hng ny tng 427 ngn USD.
-
- 84 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 85 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Mt hng
Nm
2007
Nm
2008
Nm
2009
6th/2010
+/-
+/-
Chnh lch
6th10/6th09
+/-
Go 5% tm
12.774
64.212
117.926
71.585
28.035
51.438
403
53.715
84
-43.550
-61
Go 15% tm
77.450
56.057
4.631
4.531
6.152
-21.392
-28
-51.427
-92
1.621
36
Go 25% tm
39.546
100.386
45.503
40.465
38.280
60.840
154
-54.883
-55
-2.186
-5
Tng cng
129.770
220.655
168.060
116.581
72.467
90.885
70
-52.595
-24
-44.115
-38
- 86 -
Lun vn tt nghip
27%
30%
80%
45%
70%
35%
3%
53%
4%
60%
Go 25% tm
50%
40%
60%
8%
25%
Go 15% tm
Go 5% tm
70%
61%
30%
20%
39%
29%
10%
10%
0%
2007
2008
2009
6th/2009
6th/2010
- 87 -
Lun vn tt nghip
gim n 35%. Sang nm 2009 li tip tc gim mnh, ch chim 3% trong tng
chi ph sn xut. Trong 6 thng u nm 2010, tuy chi ph c phn tng tr li
nhng cng ch t 8% trong tng chi ph, cao hn 4% so vi cng k nm 2009.
Mt hng go 25% tm, c chi ph sn xut bin ng t hn so vi 2 mt
hng trn. Trong nm 2007, chi ph ca mt hng ny chim 30% trong tng chi
ph sn xut, tng thm 15% trong nm 2008, vi t l 45%. Sang nm 2009,
li gim tr li ch t 27%, thp hn c cu trong nm 2007. Nhng trong 6
thng u nm 2010, chi ph li tng mnh chim hn mt na tng chi ph sn
xut vi 53% , cao hn 20% so vi cng k nm 2009.
4.4.2.2
Ta c:
Ci = qi x zi
- 88 -
Lun vn tt nghip
q07
z07
q08
z08
q08-q07
z08-z07
nh
nh
hng ca
hng
sn lng
ca gi
5% tm
2.805 4.554
7.300 8.796
4.495
4.242
20.471
30.967
15% tm
17.868 4.334
7.100 7.895
-10.768
3.561
- 46.675
25.283
5.075
2.734
21.820
39.019
-1.199
- 4.384
95.269
25% tm
Tng
cng
29.871
28.672
- 89 -
Lun vn tt nghip
hp theo. Cn c nhng bin php thc y tiu th, nng cao sn lng sn
xut.
nh hng ca nhn t gi thnh
Do cc mt hng trong nm 2008 u tng gi so vi nm 2007, nn chi
ph trong nm ny tng cao so vi nm 2007, vi t l 70%. Trong :
-
- 90 -
Lun vn tt nghip
q08
z08
q09
z09
q09-q08
z09-z08
nh
nh
hng ca
hng
sn lng
ca gi
5% tm
7.113
9.279
-1.683
81.618
-27.904
15% tm
7.100 7.895
685
6.760
-6.415
-1.135
-50.649
-778
25% tm
14.272 7.034
7.115
6.395
-7.157
-639
-50.338
-4.544
-4.293
-3.457
-19.369
-33.226
Tng
cng
28.672
24.379
- 91 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 92 -
Lun vn tt nghip
nh hng
nh
ca sn
hng ca
lng
gi
5% tm
10.300
6.950
3.500
8.010
-6.800
1.060
-47.260
3.710
15% tm
685
6.615
800
7.690
115
1.075
761
860
25% tm
6.490
6.235
4.800
7.975
-1.690
1.740
-10.537
8.352
-57.037
12.922
Tng
cng
17.475
9.100
-8.375
nhng cng gp phn lm doanh thu gim thm 10.537 triu ng.
Tuy khi lng xut khu ca go 15% tm tng 115 tn, gp phn lm
chi ph tng thm 761 triu ng. Nhng mc tng ca mt hng ny vn thp
hn rt nhiu so vi mc gim ca hai mt hng cn li. Nn doanh thu trong
thi gian ny vn gim mnh vi mc 57.037 triu ng.
nh hng ca nhn t gi thnh
Do gi thnh ca c ba mt hng go trong thi gian ny u tng so vi
cng k nm trc nn chi ph sn xut cng b nh hng v tng theo. C th:
-
- 93 -
Lun vn tt nghip
2009 / 2008
140.648
-100.814
-45.404
90.885
-52.595
-44.114
49.763
-48.219
-1.291
Ch tiu
Chnh lch doanh thu
- 94 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Triu ng
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
2007
2008
2009
6th/2010
- 95 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 96 -
Lun vn tt nghip
2007
2008
2009
6th/2009
6th/2010
Doanh thu
167.149
319.982
206.613
135.780
100.523
Chi ph
162.673
259.938
191.916
129.482
91.198
Li nhun
4.476
47.696
9.186
6.298
9.325
LN/CP (%)
2,75
18,35
4,79
4,86
10,23
LN/DT (%)
2,68
14,91
4,45
4,64
9,28
- 97 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Kinh t
- 98 -
Lun vn tt nghip
T gi hi oi
- 99 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Hin nay, Vit Nam c khong 205 doanh nghip tham gia xut khu go.
Trong c 113 doanh nghip tham gia vo Hip hi Lng thc Vit Nam.
Ring thnh ph Cn Th c trn 12 doanh nghip xut khu go, cc n v
dn u v s lng xut khu l Cng ty Gentraco, Cng ty lng thc Sng
Hu, Cng ty c phn Tht Nt, Nng trng Sng Hu, Nng trng C
Mt s thng tin tiu biu v hai Cng ty ng u Cn Th nh sau:
-
- 100 -
Lun vn tt nghip
dng v thc hin h thng qun l cht lng theo tiu chun ISO 9001:2000 v
h thng an ton v sinh thc phm (HACCP). Vi nhng kt qu t c,
Gentraco lun ng trong tp 10 doanh nghip xut khu go ln nht c nc.
-
a. Th trng Philippines
Philippines l mt i tc ln thu mua go ca cng ty nhiu nht trong
cc nm qua. T nm 2005 tr v trc, quc gia ny thu mua go ch yu bng
con ng ngoi giao, thng qua m phn cp Chnh ph. n nay, vic mua
bn chuyn sang hnh thc u thu tp trung, cc doanh nghip mi nc
s c chnh ph ch nh lm u mi d thu. Trung bnh mi nm,
Philippines nhp khu khong 2,5 3 triu tn go.
Gi go xut khu theo cc hp ng tp trung xut sang th trng
Philippines, lun cao hn gi ca th trng go trn th gii. Vic bn c
GVHD: ThS. Phan Th Ngc Khuyn
- 101 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 102 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 103 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 104 -
Lun vn tt nghip
b. n
n tng l mt trong nhng quc gia xut khu go hng u th gii.
Tuy nhin, cui nm 2009, n gim xut khu go b vo sn lng
thiu ht do hn hn gy nh hng n sn xut la trong nm 2010. Cc nh
chc trch n cng quyt nh tm ngng xut khu mt s loi go trong
thi gian ny, bng vic xc lp gi xut khu ti thiu ca cc loi go ny
mc 500 USD/tn v tng ln 600 USD/tn trong nm 2010.
Tuy nhin, trn thc t, v la chnh ca n gim khng ng k, cn
v h ang trin khai sn xut d kin t sn lng cao hn nm trc. Cc
chuyn gia nng nghip cho rng, cng thm lng go tn kho nm 2009, c
kh nng n cui nm 2010, n s xut khu go tr li.
Thc t nhng nm qua cho thy, ng thi xut nhp khu go ca n
rt phc tp v kh d on. C nm quc gia ny xut khu 2 triu tn go,
c nm tng ln 3 triu tn, c nm li xut khu t bin ti 6 triu tn, ch sau
Thi Lan. Theo nh gi ca mt s chuyn gia cho rng, khi no kho d tr y
th nc ny y mnh xut khu gim lng la tn kho, lc thiu ht li
mua vo d tr, gy bt n gi trn th trng th gii.
c. Campuchia:
Hin nay, Campuchia ang ng v tr th tm trong top 10 nc xut
khu go ln nht th gii. Nc ny d nh s tr thnh mt trong nhng nc
xut khu go ch cht trn th trng th gii. Chnh ph Campuchia thng
bo mc tiu ny vo thng 8 nm 2010. Th tng Campuchia cho bit chnh
ph nc ny n nh nm 2015 l nm hin thc mc tiu tr thnh mt
trong nhng nc d tr v xut khu go hng u th gii. thc y pht
trin sn xut la go, Chnh ph Campuchia s bo lnh 50% ri ro cho cc
ngn hng thng mi lm nhim v cho vay vn sn xut, ch bin v d tr
go. Nm 2009, nc ny sn xut c hn 7 triu tn thc. Trong tng lai,
Campuchia c th s tr thnh mt i th mnh i vi nc ta trong lnh vc
xut khu go.
- 105 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Sn phm thay th
- 106 -
Lun vn tt nghip
5.1
nn vic thu mua c tin hnh thun li, chi ph vn chuyn thp.
-
pht trin cng ty trong tng lai, cn c thm nhiu nhn vin c
- 107 -
Lun vn tt nghip
2007 2009, ang to ra c hi pht trin cho cng ty trong tng lai.
-
cho kinh doanh go nhng cng ty vn cha pht trin mnh v khu tiu th
trong nc.
-
ngun nguyn liu tng theo. ng thi chnh sch nng cao thu nhp cho nng
dn nn tng gi la trong cc nm qua.
-
- 108 -
Lun vn tt nghip
e Da T
SWOT
4. c h tr t tng.
chnh ph.
4. Ph thuc vo s
5. Gi go xut khu iu hnh nh nc.
c xu hng tng.
5. Gi sn xut khu
nng cao.
6. Nguyn liu u vo
khng ng u
im Mnh S
Gii php S O
Gii php S T
4. Ngun ti chnh n
nh.
im Yu W
Gii php W O
Gii php W T
hp.
5. Cht lng sn phm
cha cao.
- 109 -
Lun vn tt nghip
5.1.3.1
-
Gii php S O
Thm nhp th trng truyn thng: Sau khi thot khi khng hong,
Gii php S T
- 110 -
Lun vn tt nghip
5.1.3.3
-
Gii php W O
lng cha cao, v cha c thng hiu sn phm ring bit mang nt c trng
ca Cng ty. Cng vi nhng c hi v gi go xut khu v nhu cu tiu dng
c xu hng tng cao khi nn kinh t phc hi. Chin lc a dng ha ng
tm, nhm pht trin nhng sn phm mi, c cht lng cao hn, mang nt
ring bit ch c Cng ty Mekonimex s gip tng doanh thu v li nhun.
-
Gii php W T:
sch nng cao gi sn xut khu, a go Vit Nam snh ngang vi go Thi
Lan trong tng lai. Tuy nhin, thc trng t ra l cht lng sn phm ca
Cng ty cha cao, s dn n gim li th cnh tranh gi r trn th trng nc
ngoi. V th, Cng ty cn c nhng bin php nng cao cht lng sn phm,
c th trnh canh vi cc loi go cht lng cao khc t i th cnh tranh.
- 111 -
Lun vn tt nghip
5.2
cu ca th trng.
-
Phn u tng doanh thu t 10 15% trn nm, tng t sut li nhun trn
ch ph v doanh thu.
5.2.2 La chn gii php
Da vo ma trn SWOT v cc nh hng pht trin ca cng ty cc
chin lc c chn l :
-
quy m sn xut nhm tng s kim sot v cht lng sn phm go cung cp
cho th trng xut khu. Hn ch s l thuc vo ngun cung go thnh phm.
-
tng doanh thu, nng cao t sut li nhun th chin lc nng cao cht
- 112 -
Lun vn tt nghip
5.3
Gii php
5.3.1 Kt hp dc ngc chiu v nng cao cht lng sn phm
Kt hp dc ngc chiu v nng cao cht lng sn phm c lin h mt
- 113 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 114 -
Lun vn tt nghip
nng l cch hun luyn cho nhn vin t nng cao nng lc. c im ca
phng php ny l n i hi ngi nhn vin phi vt ra khi nhng g
bit, t hc hi thm nhng k nng mi hon thnh nhim v c giao. V
th, i tng p dng ca phng php phi l nhng nhn vin c nhiu trin
vng pht trin. Cng ty s c thm nhiu nhn vin ti nng, cn nhn vin li
c c hi hc cc k nng mi, to cc mi quan h bn ngoi v thng tin trong
s nghip. Nhng khi thc hin bin php ny nn ch mt s vn trong
vic la chn nhn vin o to, khuyn khch ng cch, giao nhim v ph
hp vi nng lc ca ng vin, sn sng h tr khi cn thit, bit cch chp nhn
tht bi ca nhn vin.
-
- 115 -
Lun vn tt nghip
- 116 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Kt lun
c th duy tr v pht trin cho n ngy nay, sau thi gian gn 30 nm
hot ng, c xem l thnh cng ln nht ca Cng ty trong thi gian qua.
Khng nhng vy, vi nhiu kinh nghim trong ngnh, Cng ty ngy mt pht
huy nhng th mnh vn c vn xa hn trong th trng ton cu. Bng
chng l n nay sn phm ca Cng ty c mt nhiu Chu lc khc nhau
trn th gii. V th v uy tn ca cng ty c nng cao trn th trng trong v
ngoi nc.
Tuy nhin, bn cnh nhng thnh tu t c, vn cn tn ti mt s vn
nh hng n s pht trin ca cng ty, l iu khng th trnh khi ca bt
k mt doanh nghip no, ch khng ch ring i vi Cng ty Mekonimex.
iu quan trng y l Cng ty khng ngng cng c, khc phc yu im
ng u vi nhng thch thc trong nn kinh t hin nay.
Hot ng kinh doanh ca Cng ty trong nhng nm qua tuy khng mang
li nhiu li nhun, nhng gip Cng ty rt ra c nhng bi hc kinh
nghim trong t khng hong kinh t ton cu. Nm 2011 s l nm ha hn
nhng thnh cng tt p sau khi Cng ty hon tt cc th tc chuyn i
thnh cng ty c phn vi mt chu k mi ca nn kinh t.
6.2
Kin ngh
6.2.1 i vi nh nc
- 117 -
Lun vn tt nghip
hng dn nng dn gieo trng nhng ging la c cht lng cao ph hp nhu
cu ca th trng.
hoch b my qun l hon thin hn, nng cao nng lc cnh tranh t bn
trong ni b.
l thc y cc nhn vin lm vic tch cc, to iu kin cng nhn pht
huy s trng trong cng vic, v cng hin nhiu hn cho Cng ty.
- 118 -
Lun vn tt nghip
Bo mi: http://www.baomoi.com
- 119 -