Nguyn l truyn hnh, Ng l pht Ni dung : Nghin cu c im ca mt ngi trong lnh vc truyn hnh, Nguyn l truyn hnh nh ng,

Tn hiu truyn hnh, iu ch tn hiu i truyn hnh . 1. c im ca mt ngi. Trc khi xy dng ln ngnh cng nghip truyn hnh, ngi ta phi nghin cu nhng c im ca mt ngi, nghin cu cc gc c lin quan n k thut truyn hnh ch khng i su vo cu to ca mt, mt ngi c mt s c im sau : a) c tnh ph : Cc bc x in t nm trong khong tn s rt rng t vi trc KHz n hng triu MHz, ton b gii tn gi chung l ph in t, nh sng mt ngi thy c ch chim mt min rt nh trong ph in t, c tn s t 3,9.1014 Hz n 7,9.1014 Hz tng ng vi bc sng 760nm n 380nm, tn s cao hn nh sng l cc tia cc tm , tia X, tia gama, thp hn tn s nh sng l tia hng ngoi, sng Radio...

Ph in t v khong tn s nh sng thy c. Trong khong nh sng thy c l tp hp ca nhiu mu sc : - Cam - Vng - Lc - Lam - Trm - Tm , v nhy ca mt vi cc mu sc cng khng u, mt nhy cm nht vi mu lc v gim dn vi cc mu xung quanh

Mt c nhy cao nht vi mu lc Vi mi mu sc ( nh c trng) u c 3 thng s l : Sc mu, bo ho mu, v chi ca mu. Th d khi v mt bc tranh , ta phc ho bc tranh bng nt bt ch s cho ta bc nh en trng => bc nh ny mang thng tin v chi, sau ta dng mu t => cho ta sc mu , ta t mu tht m cho ta bo ho mu cao, nu t mu nht th bo ho mu thp. Truyn hnh en trng ch truyn i thng tin v chi, cn truyn hnh mu th truyn y cc thng tin ca nh. b) nhy tng phn . Mt bc nh c nhiu chi tit nh v cc chi tit nh c chi khc nhau, tng phn l t l gia chi cao nht so vi chi thp nht, t l ny cng ln th tng phn cng cao, ngoi t nhin th chnh lch ny l khong 10.000 ln nhng trong truyn hnh (Ti vi) th thay i ny l khong trn 100 ln, trong mn hnh my tnh th thay i l 256 ln.

nh c tng phn cao

nh c tng phn thp

Mt ngi c kh nng phn bit c hai im sng c tng

phn hn km nhau khong 0,02 ln. c) Kh nng phn gii ca mt . l kh nng mt ngi phn bit c hai im ring bit khi nhn t mt gc hp.

Mt ngi nhn hai im A, B theo mt gc hp Mt ngi ch c kh nng phn bit c hai im A, B trn khi nhn t mt gc > 1,5' , nu gc < 1,5' th mt ngi khng c kh nng phn bit c hai im ring r, da vo c im ny trong truyn hnh ngi ta ch pht li cc im nh ri rc sao cho t mt ngi nhn vo cc im nh vi mt gc nhn nh ta khng thy c l hai im phn bit. => T nghin cu trn ngi ta tnh c trn mt mn hnh, ngi ta khng cn pht li tt c cc im nh m ngi ta ch pht li khong 600 im nh theo chiu dc v 800 im nh theo chiu ngang, mn hnh c phn gii cng cao th s im nh cng ln. d) Qun tnh ca mt . Khi ta nhn mt bc nh, nu bc nh vt tt th hnh nh vn tn ti trong con ngi khong 0,1 giy, l hin tng lu nh trong vng mc hay cn gi l qun tnh ca mt. => Li dng tnh cht ny, nu ta cho bc nh xut hin ri rc khong 10 ln trong 1 giy th ta c cm nhn l mt bc nh lin tc. => Trong truyn hnh, ngi ta truyn i 25 bc hnh / giy, do hnh nh ta cm nhn l lin tc. Th d di y cho thy cng mt bc nh nhng c cc tc xut hin khc nhau :

nh xut hin 1 ln / giy 2. Nguyn l truyn hnh. * Cc tham s ca hnh nh .

nh xut hin 5 ln / giy

chi trung bnh : Mi im nh u c chi ring cu thnh ton b nh, trong truyn hnh en trng ngi ta truyn i tn hiu c trng cho chi ca mi im nh. Mu sc : Mu sc ca cc phn t nh, tham s ny ch cn thit vi truyn hnh mu. Hnh phng : Truyn hnh l truyn bc hnh phng theo khng gian hai chiu, truyn tng im nh ln lt theo chiu ngang v chiu dc, chiu ngang gi l qut dng, chiu dc gi l qut mnh. nh ng Truyn hnh l truyn i cc bc nh ng , mt ngi cm nhn s chuyn ng l lin tc th cn truyn i s bc nh sao cho mt khng thy c s nhp nhy ca nh. - Th d bc nh IC trn c tc l 5 hnh / giy, ta cm thy hnh nhp nhy, nhng nu ta tng ln ti 25 hnh/ giy th ta s thy bc nh l lin tc.

* Nguyn l truyn hnh nh . Ngi ta khng truyn ton b bc hnh m truyn ln lt tng dng t trn xung di nh ta c mt quyn sch. Mt bc hnh c chia lm 625 dng qut t trn xung di, sau truyn i tn hiu ca tng dng qut n my thu vi tc 15625 dng / giy, my thu ti to li c hnh nh c th cng phi qut li 625 dng cho mt mn nh v cng phi qut vi tn s 15625 dng / giy, qu trnh ny gi l ng b gia tn hiu thu v pht.

* Nguyn l qut .

Nguyn l qut nh. Bc nh trn minh ho c qut vi tc 10 dng / giy v ch qut c 8 dng cho mt lt t trn xung di, trong truyn hnh cng c nguyn l qut tng t nhng c tc qut l 15625 dng/ giy, v qut 312,5 dng cho mt lt t trn xung ( mt bc hnh chia lm 625 dng v c qut lm hai lt, mt lt qut cc dng chn v mt lt qut cc dng l ) 3. Tn hiu truyn hnh. * S to thnh tn hiu th tn ( Video ) .

Camera i hnh nh thnh tn hiu Video truyn hnh nh i xa trc tin hnh nh phi c i thnh tn hiu in - gi l tn hiu Video , hnh nh c thu vo qua ng knh v hi t trn mt lp phin c bit, sau ta dng nguyn l qut chuyn t thng tin hnh nh thnh tn hiu in.

Dng tia in t qut trn lp phin to thnh tn hiu Video Lp phin l mt mng kim loi c bit c in tr thay i theo cng sng, khi c tia in t qut qua, cc im sng ti c tr khng khc nhau to thnh dng in mnh yu khc nhau i qua, tn hiu in ly ra t lp phim c dng in bin i t l vi thng tin v sng ca hnh nh, tn hiu ny c a vo mch iu ch to thnh tn hiu Video ng ra ca Camera. * Thnh phn ca tn hiu truyn hnh y

Tn hiu truyn hnh y bao gm tn hiu th tn (mu xanh), xung ng b dng (mu ), xung ng b mnh ( mu tm)

Thi gian qut thun t t1 n t2 l 54s Thi gian qut ngc dng t t2 n t3 l 10s Thi gian qut ngc mnh t t4 n t5 l 25s

Xung ng b dng v mnh c chn vo tn hiu video trong thi gian tia in t qut ngc.

Tia qut ngc dng mu tm, tia qut ngc mnh mu xanh l , tia qut dng thun l tia mu trng Tn hiu truyn hnh y bao gm :

Tn hiu th tn : thu c t nguyn l qut nh nh trn cn gi l tn hiu video ( on tn hiu t t1 n t2 ) Xung ng b dng H.Syn (Horyontal Synsep : ng b dng): l xung chn vo tn hiu video trong thi gian tia in t qut ngc (on t2 n t3 ) xung ny c gii sang my thu ng b tn s qut dng. Xung ng b mnh V.Syn (Vertical Synsep) l xung chn vo tn hiu Video khi qut xong mt mn hnh t trn xung di (on t4 n t5) xung ny c gi sang my thu ng b tn s qut mnh.

4. iu ch tn hiu pht i truyn hnh . Tn hiu ting c gii tn t 20Hz n 20KHz rt hp so vi ton b di tn ca tn hiu hnh t 0 n 6MHz , v vy bo ton tn hiu ting khi pht chung vi tn hiu hnh, ngi ta phi iu ch tn hiu ting vo sng mang tn s t 4,5MHz n 6,5MHz theo phng php iu tn thnh sng FM ri mi trn vi tn hiu hnh to thnh tn hiu video tng hp .

iu ch tn s tn hiu ting Nh vy tn hiu video tng hp bao gm (Video + H.syn + V.syn + FM) pht ton b tn hiu ny i xa, i pht ngi ta tin hnh iu ch tn hiu video tng hp trn vo tn s siu cao tn di VHF t 48MHz n 230MHz hoc di UHF t 400MHz n 880MHz theo phng php iu bin. v chia lm nhiu knh, mi knh chim mt gii tn khong 8MHz.

Ph tn hiu ca mt knh truyn hnh.

Nguyn l pht ca i truyn hnh. Sau khi tn hiu Video tng hp c iu ch vo mt knh sng : Th d knh 9 (nm ph tn hiu t 199,25MHz n 205,75MHz) ta c sng mang , sng mang tip tc c khuch i cng xut hng chc KW ri a ra Anten pht pht thnh sng in t truyn i trong khng gian vi vn tc nh sng. Phn tch s khi My thu hnh Ni dung : Phn tch s khi ca my thu hnh en trng, M t s hot ng ca i truyn hnh. 1. S khi Ti vi en trng.

S khi my thu hnh en trng . My thu hnh en trng l hi t tt c nhng kin thc c bn ca k thut truyn hnh, hiu my thu hnh en trng l c s tip cn vi my thu hnh mu v my thu hnh k thut s. My thu hnh en trng bao gm cc khi chnh sau :

B knh : C nhim v thu tn hiu sng mang t cc i pht sau i tn v tn hiu IF, cung cp cho mch khuch i trung tn. Khi trung tn : Khuch i tn hiu trung tn v tch sng th tn tch tn hiu Video tng hp ra khi sng mang , tn hiu thu c sau tch sng gm c tn hiu Video, xung H.syn, xung V.syn v tn hiu FM. Tng khuch i th tn : T tn hiu Video tng hp, tn hiu video c tch ra i vo tng khuch i th tn, tng K th tn khuch i tn hiu video ln bin mnh ri a vo Katt n hnh iu khin dng pht x, ti to li hnh nh trn mn hnh. n hnh : Chuyn i tn hiu truyn hnh thnh hnh nh quang hc, khi phc li nh ging pha pht. Khi ng b : Hai xung ng b c gi sang my thu t pha pht c nhim v iu khin khi qut dng v qut mnh ca my thu qut cng tn s nh bn pht khi phc li hnh nh, hai xung ny c tch ra sau tch sng th tn v c khuch i qua khi ng b, sau xung H.syn i ti iu khin mch dao ng dng, xung V.syn i ti iu khin mch dao ng mnh. Khi qut dng : Nhim v ca khi qut dng l to ra cc mc in p cao cung co cho n hnh hot ng, ng thi

cung cp xung dng cho cun li ngang li tia in t qut theo chiu ngang. Khi qut mnh : Nhim v ca khi qut mnh l to ra xung mnh cung cp cho cun li tia, li tia in t dn theo chiu dc Khi ng ting : Khuch i tn hiu iu tn FM, sau tch sng iu tn ly ra tn hiu m tn v khuch i qua tng cng xut ri a ra loa. M t s hot ng ca i truyn hnh

Bui truyn hnh trc tip Cat Singer B knh v hin tng hng knh Ni dung : Nhim v, Cu to v nguyn l hot ng ca b knh, Mch cng hng cao tn, dao ng ni, mch i tn trong b knh, Phn tch h hng ca b knh v phng php kim tra sa cha.

1. S khi ca b knh.

S khi ca b knh

Mch vo : C nhim v chn knh theo nguyn l cng hng sng, ti anten c nhiu sng mang t cc i pht khc nhau i ti, sng mang no c tn s trng vi tn s dao ng ca mch vo s c chn i vo mch khuch i.cao tn. Mch K cao tn : Khuch i sng mang t i pht sau khi c thu vo qua mch cng hng . Mch dao ng : C nhim v to dao ng ni a vo mch trn tn. Mch trn tn : C nhim v trn tn s dao ng vi tn hiu cao tn ly ra tn s trung tn IF IF = F0 - RF F0 : L tn s dao ng ni RF : L tn hiu cao tn ( sng mang ) IF : L tn s trung tn, tn s IF c di tn c nh t 31,5MHz n 38MHz

2. Mch vo & K. i cao tn. Mch vo thc cht l mt by cng hng, khi ta chuyn knh, cc cun dy c cm khng khc nhau c tip xc vo mch cng hng lm thay i tn s cng hng, nu tn s cng hng trng vi tn s sng mang th tn hiu sng mang c thu vo v c khuch i qua tng Q1 , u ra tng K cao tn Q1 c thm mt mch cng hng na nng bin tn hiu ln mc cao nht.

B chuyn knh c kh trong my thu hnh en trng. 3. Mch dao ng ni .

Mch to dao ng Mch to dao ng cung cp dao ng ni cho mch i tn, khi ta chuyn knh, cun L1 c thay th to ra mch cng hng c tn

s thay i 4. Mch i tn

Mch i tn Mch i tn c tn hiu RF v tn s dao ng ni OSC cng c a vo cc B ca n i tn, tn hiu trung tn IF ly ra trn cc C c gi tr bng hiu hai tn s u vo IF = OSC - RF Nu tn s RF tng th tn s dao ng OSC cng tng tng ng m bo tn s IF lun lun khng i, tn s trung tn IF chim mt gii tn t 31,5MHz n 38MHz

Gii tn ca tn hiu IF 5. Hin tng khi hng b knh Khi hng b knh ta thy mn hnh c cc biu hin nh sau : Bnh 1 ) Mn nh ch c nhiu, khng c hnh.

Mn nh c nhiu, khng c hnh. Phn tch nguyn nhn : Nhiu bt ngun t mch khuch i trung tn, mn nh c nhiu chng t t mch khuch i trung tn cho ti n hnh hot ng tt, khng c hnh tc l khng thu c tn hiu t i pht => Suy ra hin tng ny l do hng b knh hoc t Anten. Hng sa cha :

Kim tra in p Vcc cho b knh Kim tra in p t iu khuch AGC c khong 6V Kim tra Anten Cc yu t trn tt th ta thay th b knh.

Bnh 2 ) Mn nh c hnh nhng rt nhiu, ting r.

Mn nh c hnh nhng rt nhiu ting r. Nguyn nhn ca hin tng trn hon ton tng t nh bnh 1, nhng mc hng nh hn, cc bc kim tra v sa cha tng t Bnh

Mch khuc h i trung tn IF Ni dung : Phn tch s nguyn l ca mch khuch i trung tn v mch tch sng th tn, hin tng khi hng trung tn v cc bc kim tra sa cha . 1. S mch khuch i trung tn

Mch khuch i trung tn s dng IC IC Khuch i trung tn bao gm cc mch .

IF AMPLY l mch khuch i tn hiu trung tn t b knh a sang, sau cung cp tn hiu cho mch tch sng. Detector L mch tch sng, tch tn hiu Video tng hp ra khi sng mang ca i pht, bin p T2 cng hng cho mch tch sng. Vdeo Amply L mch khuch i tn hiu Video trc khi a ra ngoi IF AGC (Auto Gain Control ) L mch to in p t iu chnh khuch i cho mch trung tn RF AGC L mch to in p t iu chnh khuch i cho mch RF Amply ca b knh Mch trung gian gia b knh v tng khuch i trung tn l

b lc gii thng, mch ny c nhim v cho tn hiu trung tn thuc gii 31,5MHz n 38MHz i qua v loi b cc tn s ln cn, mch ny bao gm cc linh kin, C1,L1,C2,C3, L2, T1 to thnh cc mch cng hng nng cao bin tn hiu trong di sng trung tn, tn hiu vo c a vo cc chn 8 v 9 ca IC Tn hiu ra chn s 3 l tn hiu Video tng hp bao gm Tn hiu th tn (Video), xung H.syn, xung V.syn, tn hiu iu tn FM.

Cc thnh phn trong tn hiu Video tng hp 2. Biu hin khi hng trung tn. Trung tn l ngun sinh ra nhiu trn mn hnh ng thi cng l mch khuch i tn hiu thu t b knh, v vy khi hng trung tn mn hnh thng c biu hin khng c nhiu, khng c hnh, khng c ting, ch cn mn nh sng min .

Ti vi hng trung tn, ch cn mn sng mn, khng c nhiu. 3. Cc bc sa cha mch trung tn.

Xc nh ng nguyn nhn l h hng mch trung tn : da vo biu hin nh trn , mn nh sng mn khng c nhiu,

khng c hnh, khng c ting. Xc nh v tr ca mch trung tn trn v my : L khu vc c cc bin p cng hng trung tn bng hp st vung c li ferit chnh c Kim tra ngun nui Vcc 12V cho IC : in p ny o trn t ho lc ngun cnh IC Thay IC trung tn

Khi khuc h i th tn - Video Ni dung : Nhim v ca mch khuch i th tn, phn tch s mch khuch i th tn, Phn tch h hng v phng php kim tra sa cha. 1. Tn khuch i th tn (Video) Nhim v ca mch khuch i th tn :

Khuch i tn hiu Video sau tch sng ln bin ln => cung cp cho n hnh ti to li hnh nh. Tip nhn xung dng v xung mnh a v xo tia qut ngc Thc hin cc chc nng iu chnh tng phn, sng.

Tng khuch i th tn my Samsung 359R Nhim v cc linh kin trong mch :

C1 : L t ni tng CF1 : L thch anh, lc tn hiu ting khng cho ting nh hng sang ng hnh n Q khuch i tn hiu th tn, R2 l in tr nh thin, R3 l tr ghnh, R4 l tr n nh nhit , R5 l in tr phn p. Trit p Contras iu chnh bin tn hiu ra => L trit p chnh tng phn trn mn hnh Xung dng H.P (Horyontal Pull ) i qua R6 v D1, xung mnh V.B (Vert Blanking) i qua R7 v D2 : hai xung cng i qua t C3 vo cc E n K th tn lm nhim v xo tia qut ngc T C4 a tn hiu th tn vo Katt n hnh v ngn in p mt chiu Trit p Bright lm thay i in p mt chiu trn Katt => L trit p chnh sng mn hnh

Phn tch cc h hng ca tng khuch i th tn : 1) Trng hp tng khuch i th tn khng hot ng :

n K th tn khng hot ng khi

Mt ngun Vcc 110V Hng n K th tn t in tr nh thin t in tr ghnh

Biu hin trn mn hnh l : Mn nh ch c mn sng mn , khng hnh, c tia qut ngc.

Biu hin khi hng tng khuch i th tn. Phng php kim tra tng khuch i th tn :

Kim tra ngun Vcc cho tng khuch i th tn phi c 110V Kim tra ch in p trn n Q phi c UBE 0,6V v UCE 2/3 Vcc 70V

2) C hnh nhng c tia qut ngc xen vo C hnh : Chng t tng K th tn vn hot ng bnh thng C tia qut ngc : L do mt xung mnh a v n K th tn xo tia qut ngc.=> Cn kim tra mch a xung mnh t cng xut mnh v tng K th tn kim tra. Cu to v hot ng ca n hnh

Ni dung : Tm hiu cu to ca n hnh en trng, Nguyn tc hot ng ca n hnh, Hin tng ca n hnh gi, n hnh hng. 1. Cu to v hot ng ca n hnh

Cu to v hot ng ca n hnh Cu to ca n hnh : n hnh l mt bu thu tinh ht chn khng v c cc cc chnh l :

Cc Ant : c cung cp in p HV ( Height Vol : 10KV ) to ra sc ht cc tia in t bay v m hnh. Katt : L cc pht x ra dng tia in t bay v pha mn hnh, tia in t bt ra khi b mt Katt th Katt phi c nung nng nh si t, Tn hiu th tn c a vo Katt iu khin dng tia in t pht x, ti to li hnh nh trn mn hnh . Li G1 cn gi l li khin c u Mass, khi tt my G1 c cung cp in p -100V chn li tia in t cn d trn n hnh, trnh hin tng xut hin m sng khi tt my. Li G2 gi l li gia tc : c cung cp in p +110V tng tc tia in t Mn hnh : c ph mt lp Phospho ng nht, khi c tia

in t bn vo th lp Phospho pht sng, cng sng t l vi cng dng tia in t. Cun li tia : Nm ngoi c n hnh, gm hai cun li dng v li mnh, c nhim v li tia in t qut t tri sang phi, t trn xung di, nu khng c hai cun li tia th tia in t i thng v pht sng thnh mt im trn mn hnh.

Hot ng ca n hnh : n hnh hot ng ( cho hnh nh ) trc ht ta cn phn cc cho n hnh sng ln , sau a tn hiu th tn vo Katt iu khin dng tia in t pht x to li hnh nh . n hnh pht sng th ta cn cung cp cho n hnh 4 iu kin sau :

C in p HV = 10KV cung cp cho Ant C in p 110V cung cp cho li G2 C in p 12V cung cp cho si t Katt c thot xung mass

2. H hng thng gp ca n hnh : n hnh thng hng dng tia pht x b yu i , lm cho sng mn hnh gim hoc mt nh sng. Kim tra n hnh : kim tra n hnh, ngi ta kim tra ccin p phn cc cho n hnh, nu cc in p ny vn y m n hnh khng sng => l n hnh hng, nu mn hnh sng yu => l mn hnh b gi. Khi qut dng v cao p Ni dung : Nhim v ca khi qut dng, phn tch s khi qut dng, H hng thng gp ca khi qut dng, nguyn nhn v phng php kim tra sa cha . 1. Nhim v ca khi qut dng Nhim v chnh ca khi qut dng l to ra cc mmc in p cao phn cc cho n hnh hot ng, ngoi ra khi qut dng cn cung cp xung dng cho cun li ngang li tia in t qut theo

chiu ngang mn hnh. 2. Phn tch s khi qut dng .

S khi ca khi qut dng

Mch so pha : So snh gia hai tn s l xung H.syn t i pht gi ti vi xung AFC t cao p hi tip v to ra in p iu khin, nu tn s AFC bng H.syn th p iu khin khng i => tn s qut dng khng i, nu tn s AFC > tn s H.Syn th mch so pha to ra in p iu khin gim => lm tn s dao ng dng gim v ngc li. ( AFC l vit tt ca Auto Frequency Control : T ng iu chnh tn s dng, H.syn l vit tt ca Horyontal Synsep : Xung ng b dng ) Mch to dao ng dng : To ra xung dng c tn s bng 15625Hz , tn s ny c gi c nh nh in p iu khin t mch so pha, trng hp hng mch so pha hoc mt xung H.syn hay xung AFC th tn s dng bi sai => sinh hin tng mt ng b => nh b xin hoc tri ngang. Tng kch dng : khuch i xung dng cho mnh sau a ti iu khin n cng xut ng m Tng cng xut : Hot ng ch ngt m iu khin bin th cao p hot ng . B cao p : L bin th hot ng tn s cao 15625Hz cung cp cc mc in p cao cho n hnh, nh p HV = 10.000V, p G2 = 110V, v cung cp xung dng iu khin cun li ngang.

3. S chi tit khi qut dng my Samsung 359R

S khi qut dng my Samsung 359R Phn tch s chi tit :

R1, R2, D1, C1 l mch so pha, mch ny so snh xung H.syn v xung AFC ( mu tm ) to ra in p iu khin i qua R3 v R4 vo iu khin n dao ng Q1 R3, C2 l mch lc tch phn loi b thnh phn xung xoay chiu , gi li thnh phn mt chiu Q1 l n to dao ng, t C4 v cun L1 to thnh mch dao ng LC, t C3 hi tip dng, tn s dao ng ph thuc vo

cc t C3, C4, v cun dy L1, nm chnh H.Hold chnh l iu chnh li cun dy L1 => lm cm khng L1 thay i => lm tn s dao ng thay i, tn s c n nh nh in p iu khin t mch so pha a sang , dao ng c ly trn chn E i qua R8 a sang tng kch dng. Q2 l n kch dng, khuch i xung dng ln mnh sau ghp qua bin p kch T1 sang iu khin n cng xut Q3 Q3 l n cng xut, hot ng ngt m nh mt cng tc in t => to ra dng in xoay chiu chy qua cao p T2, t C5 l t b, C6 v D3 l t v Diode nht, D4 v C7 l mch chnh lu in p B2 =110V cung cp cho G2, C8 v D5 to ra in p m a vo G1 khi tt my, in p HV ly trn cun th cp khong 10KV in p ny dng v n hnh lm cc m ca t lc v vy v n hnh phi lun lun c tip mass .

Tng dao ng dng 4. H hng thng gp ca khi qut dng. 1) My c vo in nhng khng ln mn sng .

My c vo in nhng khng ln mn sng Nguyn nhn : C hai nguyn nhn dn n hin tng trn l

Hng khi qut dng => cao p khng hot ng Hng n hnh.

Kim tra :

Kim tra in p B2 ( o p B2 trn t C7 bng 110V ) xc nh xem cao p c hot ng hay khng ? nu p B2 = 0V l cao p khng hot ng . Kim tra in p cung cp cho cc tng cng xut, tng kch, tng dao ng xem c khng ? o ch in p UBE v UCE trn cc n Q1 v Q2, thng thng in p ny c UBE 0,6V v UCE 2/3 Vcc

2) Mt ng b dng, hnh nh b hnh sc da

Hnh nh b hnh sc da do mt ng b dng Nguyn nhn : Hin tng trn l do sai tn s dng c th do hng

Hng mch so pha

Mt xung ng b H.syn t mch tch xung ng b a sang mch so pha Mt xung AFC t cao p a v so pha Chnh sai nm H.Hold

Kim tra :

Chnh li trit p H.Hold ( trit p chnh dao ng dng ) Kim tra cc linh kin trong mch so pha R1, R2, D1, C1 Kim tra mch cung cp xung ng b H.syn Kim tra t , tr dn xung dng AFC v mch so pha .

Khi qut mnh Ni dung : Nhim v ca khi qut mnh, Phn tch s khi, Phn tch cc h hng v phng php kim tra sa cha khi qut mnh. 1. Nhim v ca khi qut mnh : Nhim v ca khi qut mnh l li tia in t qut theo chiu dc, khi qut mnh bao gm :

Mch to dao ng : To ra xung mnh c tn s 50Hz cung co cho tng cng xut Mch tin K : Khuch i xung mnh cho kho hn trc khi a vo tng cng xut. Tng cng xut : Khuch i xung mnh cho ln ri a n cun li mnh li tia tia in t dn theo chiu dc. Xung ng b : iu khin cho mch dao ng , dao ng ng tn s.

S khi - khi qut mnh. 2. S chi tit khi qut mnh s dng n bn dn :

S chi tit khi qut mnh dng n bn dn. Phn tch s mch :

Q1 l tng dao ng, hot ng theo nguyn l dao ng nght, L1 l cun dy to dao ng, VR1 l trit p iu chnh tn s cn gi l trit p V.Hold VR2 l trit p a xung dao ng sang tng tin Ki, khi chnh VR2 s lm thay i bin dao ng ra => VR2 l trit p chnh chiu cao mn hnh. VR3 l trit p chnh tuyn tnh, khi chnh VR3 th dng xung thay i => tuyn tnh mnh thay i, tuyn tnh l dn u gia cc im nh theo chiu dc. Q2 l tng tin khuch i , K o pha tn hiu trc khi a vo hai n cng xut. Q3 v Q4 l hai n Ki cng xut, mc theo kiu y ko L2 l cun li mnh gn trn c n hnh Mch hi tip qua C1 c tc dng sa mo tuyn tnh . Xung ng b mnh c a vo mt u ca cun dy L1

3. S khi qut mnh dng IC trong Ti vi Samsung 359R

S khi qut mnh dng IC trong Ti vi Samsung 359R Phn tch s trn :

Trong IC c tch hp ba mch : To dao ng : V.OSC, tng tin Ki V.Amply v tng cng xut V.OUT, cc linh kin in tr, t in c a ra ngoi. Xung ng b V.SYN i qua mch lc tch phn R1, C1 sau i qua t vo chn s 5 => i vo mch dao ng gim c nh tn s mnh. Trit p V.HOLD chn 6 c tc dng iu chnh thay i tn s mnh. Trit p V.SIZE chn 4 c tc dng iu chnh thay i kch thc dc mn hnh. Trit p V.LIN t sau cun li tia c tc dng thay i in p hi tip => Lm thay i tuyn tnh dc mn hnh, C3, C4 l cc t hi tip .

4. Cc h hng thng gp ca khi qut mnh. 1) Mn hnh ch cn mt vch sng ngang

Mn nh cn mt vch sng ngang Nguyn nhn :

Mt in p cung cp cho khi qut mnh Hng IC cng xut mnh Hng cc linh kin R, C xung quanh IC

Kim tra :

Xc nh ng IC cng xut mnh ( d ngc t zc li mnh v ) Kim tra Vcc cho IC ( vi my en trng l 12V vi Ti vi mu l 24V) o Vcc trn t lc ngun to nht cnh IC Thay IC cng xut mnh nu cc ch in p c .

2) Mn nh b mo tuyn tnh dc, co di chn, dn trn u :

Mn nh b mo tuyn tnh dc Nguyn nhn :

Chnh sai trit p V.LIN Kh cc t ho trn mch hi tip sa mo tuyn tnh. Hng IC

Khc phc :

Chnh li trit p V.LIN Thay cc t ca mch hi tip nh t C3, C4 s trn ( Cc t hi tip l t ho thng c tr s nh t 1F n 22F nm xung quanh khu vc IC cng xut mnh.) Thay IC nu cc nguyn nhn trn c loi tr .

3) Hnh b tri theo chiu dc

nh b tri theo chiu dc Nguyn nhn :

Chnh sai trit p V.Hold => lm sai tn s dao ng mnh. Mt xung ng b V.SYN

Kim tra :

Chnh li trit p V.Hold Kim tra mch cung cp xung ng b mnh V.SYN cho mch dao ng mnh.

Khi khuch ai xung ng

b Ni dung : Nhim v ca cc xung ng b, phn tch s mch khuch i v tch xung ng b, cc h hng ca khi ng b. 1. Mch khuch i v tch xung ng b Xung ng b bao gm xung ng b dng H.SYN v xung ng b mnh V.SYN c gi sang my thu hnh cng vi tn hiu Video, hai xung ng b ny c nhim v iu khin khi qut dng v qut mnh qut ng tn s nh bn pht, iu ny rt quan trng cho vic khi phc li hnh nh, nu bn my thu b sai tn s qut dng s sinh mt ng b dng => hnh b xin, nu sai tn s qut mnh s sinh mt ng b mnh => hnh b tri theo chiu dc. S khi ca khi ng b :

S khi ca khi ng b

Mch tch xung ng b : Tch tn hiu ng b chung ra khi tn hiu Video tng hp . Mch khuch i : Khuch i bin xung ng b chung Mch tch phn : Cho tn hiu ng b mnh V.SYN i qua Mch vi phn : Cho tn hiu ng b dng H.SYN i qua

S mch chi tit :

Khi ng b trong Ti vi Samsung 359R

R1, C1, R2, C2 l mch tch xung ng b, tch hai xung V.SYN v H.SYN ra khi tn hiu Video tng hp n Q1 l tng khuch i hai xung ng b trn R7, C3 v R8, C4 l hai mt lc tch phn , cho tn s thp V.SYN i qua v lc b tn s cao C5, R9 l mt lc vi phn cho tn s cao H.SYN i qua v ngn tn s thp li . Xung V.SYN sau mch lc tch phn i ti mch dao ng mnh Xung V.SYN sau mch vi phn i ti mch so pha

2. H hng ca khi ng b : 1) Mt tn hiu ng b chung => mn hnh va , va tri

nh va b , va b tri

Nguyn nhn :

Do kh t ca mch tch xung ng b Do hng tng khuch i xung ng b chung

Kim tra :

Kim tra t C1 ca mch tch xung ng b Kim tra mch khuch i xung ng b chung Q1

Khi ngun nui Ni dung : Nhim v ca khi cp ngun, s tng qut, mch chnh lu v mch lc, Mch n p tuyn tnh, Cc h hng thng gp ca khi cp ngun v phng php kim tra sa cha. 1. Khi ngun nui

Nhim v ca khi cp ngun l cung cp ngun 1chiu 12V n nh cho my hot ng, in p vo l ngun xoay chiu 220V AC khng n nh.

S khi - khi ngun nui

Bin p c nhim v i in 220V AC xung in p 18V AC Mch chnh lu cu v lc chnh lu in p xoay chiu AC thnh in p mt chiu DC Mch n p tuyn tnh : c nhim v gi cho in p ra c nh v bng phng cung cp cho ti tiu th .

Mch gim p, chnh lu v mch lc .

Bin p v mch chnh lu cu, mch lc

Bin p ngun : in p vo = 220V 50Hz , in p ra = 18V D1, D2, D3, D4 l mch chnh lu cu , chnh lu in AC thnh DC T C1 : 2200F/25V l t lc ngun chnh

Bin p v mch chnh lu cu, mch lc trong thc t. Mch n p tuyn tnh : Nhim v : Mch n p tuyn tnh c nhim v => To ra in p u ra n nh v bng phng, khng ph thuc vo in p vo , khng ph thuc vo dng in tiu th S tng qut

S tng qut mch n p tuyn tnh

in p vo l ngun DC khng n nh v cn gn xoay chiu. in p ra l ngun DC n nh v bng phng Mch ly mu l ly ra mt phn in p u ra, in p ly mu tng gim t l vi in p u ra . Mch to p chun : l to ra mt in p c nh Mch d sai : so snh in p ly mu vi in p chun pht hin s bin i in p u ra v khuch i thnh in p iu khin quay li iu chnh m ca n cng

xut, nu in p gim th p iu khin , Khin cho n cng xut dn mnh, v ngc li . n cng xut : khuch i v dng in v gi cho in p ra c nh .

S chi tit ca mch n p tuyn tnh my Samsung

Mch n p tuyn tnh trong Ti vi Samsung 359R

Mach to p ly mu gm R5, VR1, R6 , in p ly mu c a vo cc B n Q2 . Mch to p chun gm Dz v R4, in p chun a vo cc E n Q2 Q2 l n d sai , so snh hai in p ly mu v in p chun to ra in p iu khin a qua R3 iu khin hot ng ca n cng xut Q1 Q1 l n cng xut R1 l in tr phn dng T 2200F l t lc ngun chnh .

Nguyn tc n p nh sau : Gi s khi in p vo tng hoc dng tiu th gim => in p ra tng ln => in p chun tng nhiu hn in p ly mu => lm cho in p UBE n Q2 gim => n Q2 dn gim => dng qua R3 gim => n Q1 dn gim ( v dng qua R3 l

dng nh thin cho n Q1 ) => kt qu l in p ra gim xung, vng iu chnh ny din ra trong thi gian rt nhanh so vi thi gian bin thin ca in p, v vy in p ra c c tuyn gn nh bng phng. Trng hp in p ra gim th mch iu chnh theo chiu hng ngc li. 2. H hng thng gp ca khi cp ngun 1) Khng c in vo my, khng c ting, khng c mn sng.

My khng mn sng, khng hnh, khng vo in Nguyn nhn :

Chy bin p ngun, hoc t cu ch. Chy cc Diode ca mch chnh lu

Kim tra :

Kim tra bin p ngun : ng h thanh x1 v o vo hai u phch cm in AC, nu kim ng h khng ln => l bin p ngun b chy, nu kim ln vi chc ohm l bin p bnh thng. o kim tra trn cc Diode chnh lu cu Cui cng ta cp in v o trn hai u t lc ngun chnh phi c 18V DC

2) Hnh nh b un o, c ting loa .

Hnh nh b un o Nguyn nhn : Bn cht ca hin tng trn l do in p cung cp cho my b nhim xoay chiu 50Hz v vy nguyn nhn l :

Hng t lc ngun chnh 2200F/25V Hng mt trong s cc Diode chnh lu cu Hng mch n p tuyn tnh

Kim tra :

Kim tra cu Diode, nu cu Diode bnh thng th o st p trn 4 Diode phi bng nhau, nu in p ny lch l c 1 hoc 2 trong s 4 Diode b hng o in p DC trn t lc ngun chnh phi c 18V DC, nu in p ny gim < 18V l t lc ngun b kh . Kim tra in p DC u ra ca ngun n p tuyn tnh c khong 11V => 12V, v iu chnh bin tr ngun (VR1) in p u ra phi thay i, nu in p ra qu cao khong 15V hoc qu thp khong 7V v iu chnh bin tr VR1 khng tc dng l hng mch n p tuyn tnh.

Khi ng ting Ni dung : Phn tch s khi ng ting, phn tch mch trung tn ting, phn tch h hng thng gp v phng php kim tra sa cha . 1. S khi ng ting

S khi ng ting Tn hiu iu tn FM i cng tn hiu Video tng hp c tch qua t giy => i qua mch cng hng u vo i vo tng khuch i trung tn ting => sau khi K ln bin ln tn hiu a sang mch tch sng iu tn ly ra tn hiu m tn => sau tn hiu m tn c khuch i qua mch cng xut ri a ra loa pht li m thanh. 2. Mch trung tn ting dng Transistor

Mch trung tn ting dng Transistor

T301 l bin p trung tn cng hng u vo , cng hng tn s 6,5MHz Q1 l n khuch i trung tn T302 l bin p trung tn tch sng, sau bin p T302 l mch tch sng iu tn n Q2 l mch khuch i tn hiu m tn .

3. Khi ng ting dng IC

Khi ng ting trong Tivi Samsung 359R

CF1 l thch anh cng hng u vo, cng hng tn s 6,5MHz IF Amply l tng K trung tn ting FM DET l mch tch sng iu tn CF2 l thch anh cng hng u ra Tn hiu m tn sau tch sng c a n trit p Volume sau a sang tng cng xut AUDIO OUT khuch i v a ra loa.

4. Hin tng h hng khi ng ting 1) My c hnh, khng c ting. Nguyn nhn :

Hng loa Mt in p Vcc cung cp cho khi ng ting Hng IC cng xut ting Hng mch trung tn ting

Kim tra :

Kim tra loa : ng h thang x1 o vo hai u dy loa, nu c m thanh st sot loa l loa bnh thng, nu kim khng ln v khng c ting ng l loa hng. o kim tra Vcc cho IC cng xut Thay IC ting nu cc iu kin trn tt.

2) C ting r km theo ting ni , ting ni nh. Nguyn nhn :

Do mch trung tn cng hng sai tn s, thch anh cng hng khng ng h .

Kim tra :

Kim tra mch trung tn, kim tra cc thch anh cng hng, nu thu cc i trong nc th thch anh l 6,5MHz