Enzyme Amylase

Sinh vin thc hin: - Hong Th Bch Ngc - Bi Th Bch 07-01_ Khoa Cng Ngh Sinh Hc_ Vin H M HN

I. Tng qut chung

I.1/ Lch s nghin cu. I.2/ nh ngha, Phn loi & Cu trc. I.3/ c tnh, c ch tc dng.

I.1/ Lch s nghin cu

1814: Kirchoff, Saint Petercburg chng minh ht la mch ny mm c tc dng chuyn ha tinh bt thnh ng nhit t 400C - 600C. Nm 1833, Payen v Perso (Php) thm cn vo dch chit ny, thu c kt ta c kh nng phn gii tinh bt thnh ng, t tn l Diastase (xut pht t ting Hy Lp, diastatics, c ngha l phn gii, l amylase). 1851: Leuchs pht hin nc bt cng c kh nng phn gii tinh bt thnh ng. Sau , cc enzyme amylase trong nc bt, trong dch tiu ha ca ngi v ng vt, trong ht ny mm, nm mc, nm men v vi khun bt u c quan tm nghin cu.

I.2/ nh ngha_ Phn loi cu trc

nh ngha:
Amylase l mt h enzyme rt ph bin trong th gii sinh vt . Cc enzyme ny thuc nhm enzyme thy phn, xc tc phn gii lin kt ni phn t trong nhm polysaccharide vi s tham gia ca nc: RR + H-OH -> RH + R-OH C cht tc dng ca amylase l tinh bt v glycogen.

Phn loi:
Enzyme amylase Endoamylase (Enzyme ni bo) Exoamylase (Enzyme ngoi bo)

Enzyme kh nhnh

_amylase

-amylase

-amylase

Kh trc tip

Kh gin tip

Pullulanase (-6glucosidaseDextrin)

Transglucosylase (oligo-1,6-glucosidase )

maylo-1,6-glucosidase

Cu trc:
-amylase (-1,4-glucanohydrolase): (EC 3.2.1.1)
amylase c kh nng phn ct cc lin kt 1,4-glucoside ca c cht mt cch ngu nhin v l enzyme ni bo. amylase khng ch c kh nng phn hy h tinh bt m cn c kh nng phn hy cc ht tinh bt nguyn vn.

Cu trc:
-amylase (-1,4-glucan-maltohydrolase) (EC 3.2.1.2)
amylase xc tc t s thy phn cc lin kt 1,4-glucan trong tinh bt, glucogen v polysaccharide, phn ct tng nhm maltose t u khng kh ca mch. Maltose c hnh thnh do s xc tc ca -amylase c cu hnh .

Cu trc:
-amylase (gluco amylase) (EC 3.2.1.3)
Gluco amylase c kh nng thy phn lin kt -1,4 ln -1,6-glucoside, ngoi ra cn c kh nng thy phn lin kt 1,2 v -1,3-glucoside. Gluco amylase c kh nng thy phn hon ton tinh bt,glucogen, amylopectin, dextrin thnh glucose m khng cn c s tham gia ca cc loi enzyme amylase khc.

Cu trc:
Oligo 1,6-glucosidase (dextrinase ti hn) (EC 3.2.1.10)
Enzyme ny thy phn lin kt -1,6, glucoside trong isomaltose, panose,v cc dextrin ti hn c th chuyn ha ng c th ln men c.

Cu trc:
Enzyme pullulanase (-dextrin6- glucosidase) (EC 3.2.1.41)
Khc vi dextrinase ti hn trong hot ng ca n trn glycogen, v t l ca thy phn dextrins gii hn. Tc ng ca n trn Amylopectin hon tt.Maltose l ng nh nht m n c th chuyn ha mi lin kt.

Cu trc:
enzyme isoamylase (glycogen 6glucanohydolase) (EC 3.2.1.68)

I.3/ c tnh- C ch tc dng

c tnh:
. -Kh

nng dextrin ha: Thy phn tinh bt -> dextrin + mt t maltoza.Dextrin c kh nng hat ha cao,c trng cho tnh cht ca enzyme ny. -Tnh bn nhit:Phn t c 1 - 6 nguyn t C, tham gia vo s hnh thnh n nh cu trc bc 3 ca enzyme -> tnh bn nhit ca enzyme -Tnh tan: Amylase d tan trong nc, trong dung dch mui v ru long. -C cht tc dng: ca amylase l tinh bt v glycogen

c tnh:
amylase: c nhng c tnh rt c trng v c ch tc ng, chuyn ha tinh bt, kh nng chu nhit --amylase l mt metaloenzyme. Mi phn t amylase u c cha 1-30 nguyn t gam Ca/mol, nhng khng t hn 1-6 nguyn t gam/mol Ca tham gia vo s hnh thnh v n nh cu trc bc 3 ca enzyme, duy tr hot ng ca enzyme.Do , Ca cn c vai tr duy tr s tn ti ca enzyme khi b tc ng bi cc tc nhn gy bin tnh v tc ng ca cc enzyme phn gii protein. Nu phn t amylase b loi b ht Ca th n s hon ton b mt ht kh nng thy phn c cht. -amylase bn vi nhit hn cc enzyme khc.

c tnh:

iu kin hot ng ca -amylase t cc ngun khc nhau thng khng ging nhau. pH ti thch cho hot ng ca -amylase t nm si l 4,0-4,8 ( c th hot ng tt trong vng pH t 4,5-5,8 ). bn i vi tc dng ca acid cng khc nhau. amylase ca Asp.oryzae bn vng i vi acid tt hn l -amylase ca malt v vi khun Bac.subtilis. Nhit ti thch cho hot ng xc tc ca amylase t cc ngun khc nhau cng khng ng nht, -amylase ca nm si rt nhy cm i vi tc ng nhit.Nhit ti thch ca n l 500C v b v hot 70OC( Kozmina, 1991 ).

C ch tc dng:
Qu trnh thy phn tinh bt bi enzyme -amylase l qu trnh a giai on:

C ch tc dng:
-amylase c kh nng phn cch cc lin kt -1,4glucoside nm pha bn trong phn t c cht ( tinh bt hoc glycogen ) mt cch ngu nhin. N khng ch thy phn h tinh bt m n thy phn c ht tinh bt nguyn song vi tc t rt chm. Giai on 1 (dextrin ha): Tinh bt a-amylase dextrin phn t lng thp Ch mt s phn t c cht b thy phn to thnh mt lng ln dextrin phn t thp ( -dextrin ), nht ca h tinh bt gim nhanh ( cc amylose v amylopectin u b dch ha nhanh ).

C ch tc dng:
Giai on 2 ( giai on ng ha ): Dextrin phn t thp b thy phn tetra v trimaltose (khng cho mu vi iod) thy phn rt chm disaccharide v monosaccharide. Amylose phn gii nhanh oligosacharide poliglucose (gm 6-7 gc glucose) b phn cch mch polyglucose colagen ngn Maltose maltotriose maltotetrose. Tc dng ca -amylase ln amylopectin cng xy ra tng t nhng v khng phn ct c lin kt 1,6-glycoside ch mch nhnh trong phn t amylopectin nn d c chu tc dng lu th sn phm cui cng, ngoi cc ng ni trn ( 72% maltose v 19% glucose)cn c dextrin phn t thp v isomaltose 8%.

C ch tc dng:
Tm li:
Tinh bt
-amylase maltotetrose Maltose (**) glucose dextrin phn t thp (*)

Kh nng dextrin ha cao ca amylase l tnh cht c trng ca n. V vy, ngi ta thng gi loi amylase ny l amylase dextrin ha hay amylase dch ha.

II. Ngun thu & phng php thu nhn E. amylase

II.1/ Ngun thu. II.2/ phng php thu nhn.

II.1/ Ngun thu

ng vt:
Enzyme amylase c trong ty tng ca ng vt.

II.1/ Ngun thu

Thc vt:
c ly t nhiu ngun nh: - i mch (hodeum sativum): + ging 2 hng: sn xut malt lm bia + ging nhiu hng (4,6 hng): lm thc n cho gia sc. - La (oryza sativa L.): ch yu vng ng Nam . - Ng (zea mays): c nhiu loi ng: ng , ng bt, ng rng nga. Ht ng c mu trng, mu vng hay mu hng. Ng mu vng do c s hin din ca carotenoid v zeaxanthine trong ni nh. Ng mu hng l do trong ni nh ca ng c anthocyanin.

II.1/ Ngun thu

Vi sinh vt: (VSV)
Ngy nay do u th v nhiu mt, vsv tr thnh ngun thu enzyme amylase ch o. Nhng chng vsv to nhiu amylase thng c phn lp t cc ngun t nhin. Vsv to amylase c dng nhiu hn c l nm si,gi nm men v vi khun,cn x khun th t hn. - Cc ging nm si thng dng l ging nm si Aspergillus, rhizopus. - Nm men v gi nm men thuc cc ging Candida, Saccharomyces, Endomycopsy, Endomyces cng to amylase. - Nhiu vi khun c kh nng to lng ln amylase nh: Bac.polymyxa, Phytomonas destructans, Cassavanum cc vi khun a nhit c kh nng sinh trng nhanh v pht trin tt nhit cao nn khi nui chng t b nhim vsv khc. - Trong nhm x khun rt him gp loi to amylase mnh m, tuy nhin cng c mt s t nh x khun a nhit. Micromonospora vugaris 42 c kh nng to mt lng nh aamylase hot ng 65C cng vi protease v cc enzyme khc.

II.2/ Phng php thu nhn Enzyme amylase

Phng php thu nhn malt:
- Malt i mch:
i mch Thu nhn, x l, lm sch, phn loi Ngm Ny mm Sy kh

Khng kh Sy kh

Tch mm R Mm r kh

Bo qun

Malt kh bo qun

Malt kh sn xut bia

Phng php thu nhn malt

- Malt thc:
Ht la (thc) malt Sy malt Tch mm malt mm Lm sch,phn loi Sy bo qun Ngm ht

Phng php tinh sch amylase: 2 phng php. + Tinh sch enzyme amylase bng phng php sc k.
+ Thu nhn enzyme amylase bng phng php in di trn gel polyacrylamide (polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis _ PAGE)

 Phng php thu nhn t VSV: S tng hp enzyme amylase khng nhng ph thuc vo tnh cht di truyn ca VSV m cn ph thuc vic tuyn chn cc iu kin nui c hiu, ngoi ra cc iu kin l ha trong qu trnh nui cng ng vai tr quan trng. Nhng yu t nh hng :thnh phn mi trng,tnh cht c l ca mi trng, tit trng, m ban u, thong kh, nhit nui v pH mi trng l nhng yu t c bn ti quan trng . C 2 phng php nui VSV: + nui VSV to amylase bng phng php b mt + nui VSV to amylase bng phng php b su

Phng php thu nhn malt

Phng php thu nhn malt

Phng php thu nhn t ng vt:
Thu nhn amylase t ng vt phn ln l t dch ty tng. 98% ty tng c cu to t t bo ngoi tit hoc l t bo tuyn. Cc t bo ny tit enzyme tiu ha vo trong t trng.

III. ng dng ca enzyme amylase

III.1/ ng dng trong y hc v dc phm. III.2/ ng dng trong cng nghip. III.3/ ng dng trong thc phm.

III.1/ ng dng trong y hc & dc phm.

1. ng dng trong tiu ha:
Tinh bt amylase Thy phn -1,4 ca amylose -1,6 glucosidase Thy phn -1,6 ca amylospectin glucosidase (maltase) glucosidase (lactase) fructofuranisidase (sucrase) Dextrin + maltose + glucose

Dextrin

Maltose + glucose

Maltose Lactose Suctose

2 glucose Glucose + galactose Glucose + fructose

S tiu ha tinh bt

1.

ng dng trong tiu ha:

Enzyme amylase phn gii carbonhydrat c trong thc phm nhm cung cp nng lng cho hot ng sng ca c th. Sn phm cha men tiu ha dnh cho tr s sinh v tr em, kch thch tiu ha, chng suy dinh dng v c sn phm cng loi: minigadine, trymo, calcinol_RB, calcinol 1000.

2. ng dng trong y dc:

Ngun: vi khun Bacillus subtilis. u im l bn hn trong mi trng acid ca d dy so vi diastase (amylase) ly t ng vt v vi nm.Amylase c s dng: + phi hp vi coenzyme A, cytocrom C, ATP, carboxylase ch thuc iu tr bnh tim mch, bnh thn kinh + phi hp vi enzyme thy phn cha bnh thiu enzyme ng tiu ha Trong c th, anzyme amylase l hormon tuyn ty ngoi tit c tc dng chng ph n sau chn thng hoc sau m. iu tr triu chng phn ng vim km nhim khun ng h hp trn hoc di. Cc sn phm cha enzyme a-amylase c tc dng kim sot lng calo ca c th.

2. ng dng trong y dc:

S dng enzyme amylase trong chun on bnh vim ty cp tr em: Da vo cc c tnh biu hin ca enzyme amylase ngi ta tin hnh nghin cu chun on bnh vim tuyn ty. Khi nghin cu nhn thy: khi la chn im ct thch hp v phi hp c 2 enzyme s-amylase + lipre hoc p-amylase + lipre trong chun on vim ty cp tr em th chnh xc l cao nht.

THUC, HO CHT CHA HOT TNH ENZYME AMYLASE PHC V TRONG NUI TRNG THY SN: ng dng: Enzyme amylase thng c b sung trong thnh phn cc hp cht ha hc nhm ci to ao h, kch thch tng trng v pht trin mnh ca ng vt thy sn cc giai on mong mun. i tng & c ch: - C n thc vt:enzyme amylase phn gii tinh bt c trong thc n ca c: c, khoai lang, khoai m - C n tht ng vt: enzyme amylase phn gii glycogen hay glucid t bo ng vt.

III.2/ ng dng trong cng nghip

1. ng dng trong cng nghip dt:
Sau khi vi c h ha lm mn, ngi ta phi tin hnh qu trnh r h vi. Phng php lm sch h tinh bt c s dng l enzyme amylase.

1. ng dng trong cng nghip dt:

Trc y, ngi ta s dng enzyme a-amylase ca malt hay pancreatic amylase. ph hy nhanh lng tinh bt tha, ngi ta a nhit n nhit si sau lm gim xung 50C hay 60C v cho enzyme amylase vo. Ngy nay ngi ta s dng a-amylase ca vi khun. Enzyme amylase ca vi khun chu nhit cao, chng hot ng mnh nhit 85C-90C. 1 s enzyme amylase ca bacillus subtilic c kh nng hot ng 105C-115C. Tuy nhin cn ty thuc vo iu kin kinh t, sn xut, ngun amylase m ngi ta tin hnh chn la enzyme r h vi cho ph hp.

Quy trnh r h vi:

Nc un si

Lm sch vi

Cht iu chnh pH 300g NaCl, 50g CaCl2,50g cht ph gia Trong 100l H2O 65-70C 100-200g amylase vi hot tnh 3000SKB/g

Ngm

Dung dch iodine 2ph- 16h ty thuc hot tnh enzyme

Phn gii tinh bt

5-10g NaOH/ 1l H2O 95-100C

Ra dung dch

2. ng dng trong sn xut cht ty ra:

- Cht ty ra bao gm nhng cht kim, sodium silicate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate. - Mc ch: loi b cc cht v c, hu c bm va qun o nh: protein, lipid, carbonhydrat v nhng cht mu. - Enzyme a-amylase ca vi khun l mt trong nhng enzyme thng c ng dng trong cng nghip sn xut cht ty ra, do enzyme ny c kh nng chu nhit cao (khong 90C), pH cao (pH=9). - Tuy nhin do enzyme ny khng bn pH kim v nhit cao trong mt thi gian lu, nn ngi ta thng bao chng li trc khi phi trn vi cc thnh phn khc ca cht ty ra bo qun c lu v m bo kh nng hot ng ca chng. - Enzyme a-amylase lm tng kh nng phn gii cc vt bn do carbonhydrat trong qun o.

2. ng dng trong sn xut cht ty ra:

- ng dng trong cht ty mu giy:

A-amylase b gy cc mch tinh bt trn mt giy, ko theo s lm long cc phn t mang mu bm trn , to thun li cho qu trnh tuyn ni kh mc. Hiu qu: thi gian gim 30%, mc dng cc loi ha cht gim 10- 35% ty theo tng loi, gim nhiu nht l NaOH (gim 35%), trng ca bt sau kh mc tng 2,7- 3% ISO, di t tng 1,5%, chu gp tng 14% v chu x tng 28%, trng cui cng t ti a 87,0% ISO

III.3/ ng dng trong thc phm.

1. ng dng trong sn xut m chnh:
Enzyme amylase c s dng trong cng on thy phn tinh bt. Ngi ta c th dng a-amylase hay -amylase ca cc ht ny mm hay ca nm mc thy phn tinh bt thnh ng.
- Nguyn liu s dng ch yu: tinh bt sn, r ng ma. - Cc chng VSV: corymebacterium hydrocacboclastus, bacillus,

brevibacterium

1. ng dng trong sn xut m chnh:

Tinh bt Tinh bt (glucogen)
a-amylase -amylase

dextrin + maltose + glucose maltose + -dextrin.

Thy phn a-1,4 ca amylose

u im: khng dng n ha cht hay thit b chu acid, chu p lc, khng c hi cho ngi v thit b Nhc im: .) ng ha khng trit tinh bt m cn dng trung gian nh dextrin lm cho vi khun ln men m chnh khng c kh nng s dng. .) Thi gian ng ha tng i di. .) Lng ng sau khi ng ha thp, do phi s dng thit b to, cng knh.

2. ng dng trong sn xut bia.

Nguyn liu s dng: Ng cc, hoa houblon, nc, nm men, cht ph gia. Cc chng VSV s dng: sacchromyces cerevisizae(ln men ni) & saccharomyces

cerevisidae (ln men chm).

Trong cng ngh sn xut bia ngi ta thng s dng enzyme amylase c trong mm i mch.

2.ng dng trong sn xut bia:

Enzyme amylase c s dng trong qu trnh ng ha: Ht i mch ny mm (tinh bt) Nh vy vic ng ha tinh bt trong ht nh enzyme amylase ca chnh n dn n chi ph cao cho sn xut v sn phm. khc phc iu ny, trong qu trnh ln men to bia th nh sn xut khng s dng hon tan 100% nguyn liu l malt i mch m c s pha trn theo mt cng thc no thay th malt v cn b sung ngun tinh bt cho qu trnh ln men. L do l mt phn to hng v cho bia, mu sc, cn ph hp cho ngi tiu dng v mt phn l lm gim gi thnh cho sn phm bia nhng vn gi c c trng cho bia. Chnh v iu ny, cc nh sn xut bia quan tm n vic s dng ch phm enzym amylase cung cp cho qu trnh thy phn tinh bt .Enzym ny c ngha rt ln trong vic lm bia, gip sn xut bia qui m cng nghip.

3. ng dng trong CNSX cn:

Nguyn liu ch yu l sn, ng,go hoc tm t go. Enzyme amylase trc y c s dng l malt nhng ngy nay ngi ta s dng amylase ca nm si. Qu trnh sn xut cn tri qua 2 giai on: G ng ha v G ru ha. -G ng ha: Tinh bt
a-amylase

dextrin

-amylase

amyloglucosidase

ng ln men

3. ng dng trong CNSX cn:

S qu trnh chuyn ha tinh bt:
Nguyn liu cha tinh bt Nu chn nhit cao Amyloglucosidase hot ng 55C Lm ngui Amylase hot ng 55C

ng ha

3. ng dng trong CNSX cn:

Qu trnh ng ha ng vai tr quyt nh n kh nng ln men v hiu sut cn thu c. Cc ch phm enzyme c s dng ch yu l cc ch phm th v tnh cht kinh t, tuy nhin trc khi ng ha phi xc nh hot tnh ca tng loi enzyme t diu chnh hoy ng ca chng trnh cc phn ng khng mong mun. Enzyme a-amylase tham gia thc hin cc phn ng sinh ha cn thit & quyt nh n hiu sut sn xut cn. Cn -amylase tham gia nhng bin i c bn c cht tng cng qu trnh chuyn ha c bn. a-amylase ty phn tinh bt to ra glucose v maltose theo t l 1:5,45 (vi khun) v 1:3,79 (nm si). Enzyme a-amylase ca vi khun v nm si u khng c kh nng phn gii a-1,6 glucoside ca c cht. Nh vy, vai tr c bn ca a-amylase trong sn xut ru cn l lm dch ha nhanh giai on nu v c giai on u ca s ng ha, dextrin ha v tch t ng.

 Vai tr ca glucoamylase: - Glucoamylase thy phn lin kt a-1.4 glucoside trong cc polysacharide, chng lin tip phn ct cc gc glucose khng kh trong mch polysacharide. Ngoi ra glucoamylase cn c kh nng phn ct lin kt a-1,6 glucoside. - Sn phm cui cng trong hot ng ca glucoamylase l glucose. G ru ha: nh nm men Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cng c th xem y l mt qu trnh p dng enzym. Qa trnh ru ha l qu trnh ht sc phc tp, tri qua rt nhiu giai on chuyn ha t ng thnh cn nh s tham gia ca nhiu enzym khc nhau. im khc vi enzym amylase l ch cc enzym tham gia qu trnh ru ha nm trong t bo nm men. Vic iu khin cc qu trnh chuyn ha bi enzym trong t bo thc cht l qu trnh trao i cht ca nm men trong mi trng cha ng.

4. ng dng trong sn xut siro:

ng dng trong sn xut siro v cc sn phm cha ng_ phi bp c x l bng SO2 v vi khun lactic ht tinh bt mm, ra khi khi bt bng li tm. Enzyme amylase ch c s dng sau khi tinh bt ha vo nc. Ngoi tinh bt bp, ngi ta cn s dng tinh bt khoai ty, tinh bt m, tinh bt sn(khoai m). Ty theo ngun nguyn liu tinh bt m ngi ta p dng k thut khc nhau cho ph hp. Enzyme s dng trong cng ngh sn xut siro phi l nhng enzyme chu nhit, nhng enzyme ny thng c thu nhn t vi khun bacillus licheniformis, bacillus stearothermophilus. Ngoi ra ngi ta cn s dng a-amylase t nhiu VSV khc nhau. c im quan trng nht ca enzyme amylase l chng hot ng pH gn trung tnh (pH=6), c im ny gip thc hin cc qu trnh ng ha rt d dng.

Qu trnh chuyn ha tinh bt bng siro fructose:

ng dng trong sn xut HFCS:

HFCS (High Fructose Corn Syrup) l mt nhm bt k ca siro bp m tri qua qu trnh enzyme lm tng hm lng fructose & sau c pha trn vi siro bp sch (100% glucose) to thnh dng sn phm cn thit. Gm HFCS 90, HFCS 55, HFCS 42. Cc bc tin hnh:
Tinh bt bp

a-amylase

Chui ng ngn oligosaccharides

glucoseamylase

ng n glucose

Fructose c Lm giu ~90%

Xylose isomerase 42% fructose 50-52% glucose 1 vi loi ng khc

Qu trnh enzyme lm thay i 100% glucose siro bp thnh HFCS 90

4.ng dng trong CNSX bnh m:

Cc loi ht ng cc nh la m, la nc, bp, khoai m l ngun nguyn liu chnh lm bnh m. Trong sn xut bnh m, ngi ta s dng enzyme nhm gii quyt mt s vn sau: + lm tng nhanh th tch bnh + lm mu sc ca bnh p hn + lm tng mi thm cho bnh Ngi ta s dng c 2 loi enzyme a-amylase v -amylase thy phn tinh bt to thnh ng. Nh nm men saccharomyces cerevisiae s d dng chuyn ha chng thnh cn, CO2, lm tng th tch ca bnh & to mu sc, hng v tt. Ngun amylase thng s dng l malt,tuy nhin trong nhng nm gn y, malt dn c thay th bi nm si. Cc ch phm enzyme t nm si khng ch cha amylase m cn cha protease & 1 s enzyme khc rt c li cho qu trnh ln men. Ch phm enzyme ny ch yu thu nhn t Aspergillus oryzae.

4.ng dng trong CNSX bnh m:

Enzyme amylase + sulfat amon cht m cho amylase hot ng Tc dng: - n nh hot tnh enzyme amylase khng thay i trong 1 nm bo qun - tng cht lng bnh (tng th tch, xp, tng kh nng gi hnh bnh, tng mc n nh cu trc rut bnh & lm gim qu trnh lm kh ca bnh.) -gim tiu hao nm men lng n 20% Trong cng ngh SX bnh m, lng CO2phi c to ra lin tc t gi u tin n gi cui cng ca qu trnh sn xut. Nu t lng ng c sn trong tinh bt -> CO2 max gi u tin & gi th 2 ca qu trnh ln men sau lng kh gim -> gim cht lng bnh. Khc phc: s dng -amylase -> lng CO2 xy ra theo chiu hng tng & t cc i qu trnh ln men
1:1

5. ng dng trong sn xut bnh ko, glucoza v mt:

Trong sn xut bnh quy: amylase Tinh bt lm tng hm lng
protease

aminoacid t do v tng lng ng kh OXH-K bnh quy c mi, v , mu hp dn. Trong sn xut glucose v mt: Mt glucoza hay mt maltoza c dng trong sn xut bnh ko v trong cc sn phm n king cho tr em & ngi bnh. glucoamylase Tinh bt mt glucoza. Tuy nhin trong ch phm enzyme glucoamylase lun c glucozyltransferaza lm gim tnh cht ca glucoza, lm glucoza kh kt tinh, nh hng xu n cht lng sn phm -> nn chn chng nm mc khng to ra glcozyltranferaza

(A.awarnor, Rhizopus,)