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VN MI TRNG
Cc vn mi trng pht sinh t ngnh t nhum:
Nc thi: cha nhiu loi ha cht, c mu cao. Kh thi: cha hi ha cht s dng khng qu trnh nhum, khng kh ti xng dt c lng si bng l lng cao nh hng n sc khe cng nhn.
Nguyn liu
Ko si
H si
Dt vi
Ty trng
X l acid, git
Nu
Gi h
Git
Lm bng
Nhum, in hoa
Git
Sn phm
Sy, cn lng, lm mm
Tinh bt, glucoz, polyvinyl H si, gi h alcol, nha, cht bo, sp, carboxy mety xenluloz. Nu, ty Ty trng NaOH, cht sp du m, tro, soda, silicat natri, x si vn. Hipoclorit, hp cht cha clo, NaOH, axit, AOX.
Trch bng 11.1 Gio trnh Cng ngh x l nc thi bng bin php sinh hc NXB GD.
Nhum
mu rt cao, BOD Cc loi thuc nhum, axit axetic kh cao (6% BOD), TS v cc mui kim loi. cao. Cht mu, tinh bt, du, t st, mui kim loi, axit.. Vt tinh bt, m ng vt, mui mu cao, BOD cao (khong 20%) v du m Kim nh, BOD thp.
In
Hon thin
Trch bng 11.1 Gio trnh Cng ngh x l nc thi bng bin php sinh hc NXB GD.
X L NC THI V KH THI
V nguyn l x l, nc thi dt
nhum c th p dng cc
phng php sau: - Phng php c hc. - Phng php ha hc. - Phng php ha l. - Phng php sinh hc.
B aerotank B lng
Trch bng 11.3 Gio trnh Cng ngh x l nc thi bng bin php sinh hc NXB GD.
TT
1 2 pH
Thng s
n v
mg/l
3
4 5
BOD5 (200C)
COD mu (Co-Pt pH = 7)
mg/l
mg/l -
30
50 20
50
100 70
Ta c th thy hm lng cht rn trong nc thi dt nhum ln hn gp nhiu ln so vi quy chun cho php. l do tp cht tch ra t x si, cc cht bn dnh vo si.
Nc thi dt nhum chy ra knh Tham Lng, on phng ng Hng Thun, qun 12 TPHCM. (Ngun http://suckhoedinhduong.nld.com.vn, 22/3/2012
Nc thi
H thu SCR
B iu ha
B cha bn
My p bn
Kh trng
Lc p lc
B lng 2
Bnh bn
KH THI
- Kh thi ca Nh my Dt - Nhum ch yu t cc cng on x l nhit v x l hon tt hng dt. C th nhn din cc ngun thi hi kh c nh sau: + Kh ClO(Cl2) bc ra t khu ty trng va si bng nc Javen, + Kh NO2 bc ra t qu trnh nhum mu vi thuc nhum loi "Indigosol". + Hp cht hu c bay hi trong in Pigment.
+ Formandehyde: Trong in hoa pigment phi s dng cc cht to mng kt dnh (binder) hoc cht gn mu (fixer) do vy mt lng formandehyde s thot ra mi trng.
nhim kh SO2, CO, NOx v bi than t l hi.
BNG 4: QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA V KH THI CNG NGHIP I VI BI V CC CHT V C (QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT)
TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Thng s
Bi tng Lu hunh ioxit, SO2 Hydro sunphua, H2S Clo Nit oxit, NOx (tnh theo NO2) Nit oxit, NOx (c s sn xut ha cht), tnh theo NO2 Hi H2SO4 hoc SO3, tnh theo SO3 Hi HNO3 (cc ngun khc), tnh theo NO2 Cacbon oxit, CO
Nng C (mg/Nm3) A B 400 200 1500 500 7,5 7,5 32 10 1000 850 2000 1000 100 1000 1000 50 500 1000
X L KH THI
gim thiu lng kh c hi sinh ra t cc qu trnh sn xut cn phi c h thng ht kh t cc cng on sinh ra kh c x l. Quy m sn xut s quyt nh phng php x l. Vi nng tng i nh ta c th chn phng n pht tn. Vi
CI TIN THIT B
Gio dc ngi vn hnh my. Bo m ch in, hi, nc, M nc khi c yu cu. Cng tc iu sn xut hp l. Bo qun NVL cn thn.
Kim tra vi cui mi cng on. Gim lng ct b vi u cy. Cn i m sn xut v lng pha.
Thay mng ngm nh, gim lng x. B tr thit b thu hi nc hiu qu.
Tin hnh thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng khi mun thc hin d n. (quy nh theo Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP).
Bt buc thc hin cam kt bo v mi trng vi cc d n khng quy nh trong Ngh nh s 21/2008/N-CP.
Thanh tra, kim tra cc c s, nh my dt nhum v vn mi trng v x pht theo lut nh.
Khuyn khch thc hin h thng tiu chun ISO 14000 trong doanh nghip v p dng cng ngh sn xut sch hn cho nh my.
Quy hoch v qun l cc nh my dt nhum sao cho hp l gim thiu tc ng n ngun nc, mi trng sinh thi v dn c sinh sng xung quanh nh my.
XIN CM N S THEO DI CA C V CC BN