Bài thực hành lí sinh số 1

Bi thc hnh l sinh
TRNG I HC TY NGUYN
KHOA Y DC
--------------------
Ging vin hng dn:Thc s Hong Vn Hu
Sinh vin thc tp: H Th L Hng
Y nh
k Lk,ngy 11 thng 5 nm 2009
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
Ka Hi
Lp:Ykhoa K08
Nhm:2
Bi thc hnh l sinh s 1:
XC NH BN CA T BO HNG CU
I Yu cu:
Phn bit c mi trng ng trng, u trng, nhc trng.
Phn ng ca t bo trong cc mi trng trn
Vai tr ca si spectin trong vic thay i hnh dng ca t bo hng cu
II C s l thuyt:
Mi t bo hay mng sinh cht l ni din ra mi hot ng sng ca t bo.N c chc nng
ngn cch ni b ca t bo vi mi trng ngoi,trao i vt cht gia mi trng bn ngoi v
bn trong t bo nhm cung cp nguyn liu v thot i nhng cht thi.Mng cn l ni thu nhn
nhng tn hiu t bn ngoi,cho php t bo bin i p li tng ng vi mi trng xung
quanh.
thc hin nhng chc nng nh vy,mng phi c mt cu trc c bit.Theo m hnh ca
Davson-Danielli th mng sinh cht cu trc theo m hnh khm ng,gm hai lp lipit nhng
protein c th ngoi,trong hoc xen k vi lp lipit i.Ngoi ra,cn c gluxit.Cu trc cn bn
ca mng sinh cht l lipit nhng hu ht cc chc nng c bit ca mng u lin quan n
protein mng.
Lipit:gm 3 loi lng tnh,mt u k nc hng vo trong, u cn li a nc hng ra
ngoi t bo.C th:
Photpholipit: chim 55% c th di ng t do c
Cholesterol:chim t 25-30%.T l cholesterol cng cao,mng cng cng v gim bt tnh
linh ng.
Glycolipit chim 18% v axit bo k nc 2%.
Protein:dng cu hay si,phn b thnh m ,khng ng nht to dng khm,gm:
Protein ngoi vi gn trn b mt mng
Protein ni vi gn mt phn hay ton b vo gia lp lipit
Protein xuyn mng,mt phn nm trong mng lipit,2 u mt th ra 2 pha b mt ngoi
Cu trc mng t bo hng cu cng tng t nh vy,ch c mt im khc bit c bn l trn
b mt mng tn ti mt mng li vt cht c ngun gc t cc protein dng si(li
spectin,chim 30% tng s protein c trn b mt mng),c cu to t hai chui polipeptit xon
vo nhau trng lng 20000-22000 deltol, c th ngn li hoc dui di ra nn t bo hng cu thay
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
i hnh dng ca mnh gip n c th len li qua cc mao mch nh li ti trn khp c th.C
khong t 4.000.000-6.000.000 t bo hng cu trong 1
3
mm mu.Chc nng ca hng cu ch yu
vn chuyn
2 2
, O CO
,m pH.
Nhng t bo hng cu gi hoc nhng t bo hng cu b thoi ho chc nng th kh nng co
dn ca cc si speckin b suy gim khi chng b tiu hu bi cc i thc bo,ch yu
gan,lch v tu xng.
trng thi l sinh bnh thng, th tch ca t bo hng cu t b thay i, nng cc cht
trong t bo kh n nh.Ngoi ra,lng cc ion ca cc mui ho tan trong t bo l mt hng s.
V vy vic thay i th tch t bo l do mi trng bn ngoi quyt nh. C 3 loi mi trng:
Trong mi trng ng trng: t bo hng cu kh bn vng.
Trong mi trng u trng: t bo b teo li do p sut thm thu bn trong v bn ngoi
gy ra hin tng mt nc bn trong do nc i ra mi trng ngoi.
Mi trng nhc trng: nc t mi trng ngoi vo bn trong t bo lm t bo b
phng ln do chu p sut thm thu.Tu theo nng nhc trng m lng nc i vo
trong t bo nhiu hay t.Ti mt gi tr nhc trng xc nh, mng t bo hng cu b ph
v,gii phng cc cht ni bo ra mi trng ngoi. l hin tng huyt tiu.
III. Thc hnh:
1. Mc tiu, ni dung:
Xc nh nng nhc trng nh nht m khng gy ra hin tng huyt tiu. Nng
s tng ng vi bn ca t bo hng cu
a. Dng c ,ho cht:
Dung dch sinh l NaCl(1%)
10 ng nghim nh s t 0 n 9
Nc ct
Mu
My li tm
Cc pipet
b. Cch tin hnh:
Ta nh vo 10 ng nghim dung dch NaCl v nc ct sao cho 10 ng nghim c nng t
0%0,9% theo bn sau:
Dung dch 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
NaCl 1%(ml) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
H
2
O(ml) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
V(ml) 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
C% 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9
Sau nh mi ng nghim mt git mu.
Dng hai ngn tay bt hai u ng nghim,o nh hai ln.
yn trong 40 pht ri cho my quay li tm 5 pht vi tc 2500 vng/pht.
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
2. Kt qu:
Cc ng c mu sc khc nhau.T ng s 09 mu sc nht dn. Cc ng t s 06 c
hin tng nc trong ng c mu cn cc ng cn li s 7, s 8, s 9 c hin tng mu
v dung dch b tch ring ra, mu di ng tch ring vi nc nm trn.
ng s 9 c nng 0,9 %, y l nng ng trng ca dung dch NaCl i vi t bo
hng cu, y l mi trng m t bo hng cu kh bn vng. ng s 7 c nng 0,7%
v ng s 8 c nng 0,8% l mi trng nhc trng lm t bo hng cu b phng ln
nhng cha ti mc b ph v.Hng cu nng hn nn s chm pha di y ng to
thnh nhng vt .
ng s 06 c nng 00,6% y l mi trng qu nhc trng nn s chnh lch
nng l rt ln, dn n p sut tham thu tng cao lm cho nc i vo t bo qu
nhiu, lm t bo b v ra nn cc cht ni bo ra ngoi mi trng trong c hmoglobin
lm cho dung dch c mu .
T bo hng cu c tui th ti a l t 90 n 120 ngy.Cc t bo khc nhau c tui th
khc nhau.Cc t bo non th km bn hn cc t bo gi.Do chng d v hn.
0,7 % l nng ti thiu gi nguyn thnh t bo khng b v, nu gim qu nng ny
th t bo b v.V vy nng 0.7 % l bn ca t bo hng cu.
QUAN ST T BO HNG CU
V XC NH KCH THC CA CHNG BNG KNH HIN VI
I Yu cu: Xc nh hnh dng,kch thc ca t bo hng cu
II Dng c:
Knh hin vi
Tiu bn t bo hng cu
Thc trc vi vt knh v thc trc vi th knh
III Cch tin hnh:
Quan st t bo hng cu trn thc trc vi th knh,ta thy ng knh ca t bo ln nht tng
ng vi 4 vch nh ca trc vi th knh.
Thay tiu bn t bo hng cu bng trc vi vt knh,quan st vt knh 100,i chnh sao cho 2
vch ca trc vi th knh v trc vi vt knh trng nhau,xc nh vch trng nhau tip theo.m s
vch tng ng .Gi s a vch ca trc vi th knh tng ng vi b vch ca trc vi vt knh.Bit
rng mt vch ca trc vi vt knh c kch thc l
10 m
,p dng cng thc sau xc nh kch
thc L ca mt vch trc vi th knh:
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
10
( )
b
L m
a

Thay L vo cng thc :d = 4L tnh kch thc d ca t bo hng cu.
IV Kt qu:
Hng cu c dng hnh a lm hai mt.Hnh dng ny gip cho t bo hng cu c th ht nc v
trng ln,lm cn bng nng cc cht ho tan gia bn trong v bn ngoi t bo m khng
phi ko gin t bo qu mc.Hnh dng ny cng to cho hng cu c mt din tch b mt rt
rng so vi th tch ca n v gp phn lm cho s trao i cht qua mng t bo din ra nhanh
hn.
Bi thc hnh s 3:
XC NH HM LNG PROTEIN TNG S ;ALBULIN,GLUBULIN
TRONG HUYT THANH BNG PHNG PHP KHC X K
I C s l thuyt:
Khc x k l mt h thng cc thu knh m b phn ch yu l hai lng knh tam
gic.Khi nh sng qua lng knh c hin tng khc x.Nu iu chnh gc khc x s thu c
hin tng phn x ton phn.Da vo gc phn x ton phn ta c th o c chic xut.T
o suy ra c hm lng phn trm cc cht c trong mi trng.
Ngoi ra khc x k cn c cu to t hai th knh:mt dng quan st hin tng
phn x ton phn,mt dng c gi tr chic xut.
Trong th trng quan st c vch hnh ch thp.Khi c hin tng phn x ton phn s
thy hai vng sng ti r nt.Dng c vi cp iu chnh ranh gii hai vng sng ti cho r nt v
ng im gia hnh ch thp.c kt qu chic xut trn th knh th hai.
C hai thanh c kt qu nhng ch c thanh pha trong dng o chic xut.
Cch o chic xut: m kho,a vo gia hai lng knh mt vi git cn o chic
xut.Sau kho li,cht lng s dn thnh mng mng.
V d:chic xut ca nc tinh khit n=
4
3

1.33
II Thc hnh:
1) Dng c,ho cht:
o Dung dch sunphat amol (NH
4
)
2
SO
4
bo ho
o Dung dch Acid acetic 0,04 N
o Nc ct
o Huyt thanh nguyn cht
o My li tm
2) Cch tin hnh:
Ly 4 ng nghim t 1-4:
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
ng 1 :ly 1ml acid acetic 0,04 N+1ml huyt thanh.Sau lc u,ri em un cch thu trong
35s. Ly ra lm ngui ri em li tm trong 10 pht vi tc 3000 vng/pht,ta thu c dung
dch pha trn trong sut,khng c cha protein v acid acetic lm cho protein kt ta di
y.o chic sut dung dch trong sut pha trn,l hiu l
1
n
ng 2 :ly 1ml huyt thanh+1ml dung dch sunphat amol (NH
4
)
2
SO
4
bo ho.Sau lc u
thy kt ta.em li tm trong 30 pht vi tc 3000 vng /pht thu c dung dch pha trn
trong sut khng cha Globulin v sunphat amol lm Globulin kt ta di y.o chic sut
dung dch trong sut pha trn,k hiu l
2
n
ng 3 :ly 1ml acid acetic 0,04 N+1ml nc ct,lc u ta thu c dung dch acid acetic 0.02
N.o chic sut dung dch,k hiu
3
n
ng 4 :ly 1ml dung dch sunphat amol (NH
4
)
2
SO
4
bo ho+1ml nc ct ,lc u ta thu c
dung dch sunphat amol na bo ho o chic sut dung dch,k hiu
4
n
o chic sut nc ct
( )
5
n
,huyt thanh nguyn cht
( )
6
n
Mi dung dch cn o t 3-4 ln,sau ly gi tr trung bnh. huyt thanh chit xut ch yu
ph thuc vo hm lng protein. V vy, vic o chit xut ca huyt thanh phn nh kh chnh
xc hm lng protein c trong huyt thanh.
* Cng thc xc nh hm lng Albumin:
A(%) =
1 3 2 4
2( ) 2( )
0, 00177
n n n n
* Cng thc tnh hm lng Globulin:

G(%) =
[ ]
6 5 2 4
2( )
0, 00229
n n n n +
Trong : 0.00177 l chic sut ca dung dch Albulin 1%
0.00229 l chic sut ca dung dch Glubulin 1%
* Tnh h s tng quan:

K =
(%)
(%)
G
A
i vi ngi K = 1,2 2 ty theo chc nng sinh l ca c th.
3) Kt qu:
Ln
o
1 2 3 Trung bnh
1
n
1.344 1.3455 1.347 1.3455
2
n
1.3758 1.376 1.372 1.3746
3
n
1.3329 1.3329 1.3329 1.3329
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
4
n
1.3887 1.3887 1.389 1.388
5
n
1.3325 1.333 1.333 1.3328
6
n
1.348 1.348 1.348 1.348
T
6
n
=1.348protein chim 7.1% huyt tng
Thay cc gi tri o c vo cng thc ta c:
Hm lng Albumin:

A(%) =
1 3 2 4
2( ) 2( ) 2(1.3455 1.3329) 2(1.3746 1.3888)
30.2825
0, 00177 0.00177
n n n n

Hm lng Globulin:
G(%) =
[ ] [ ]
6 5 2 4
2( ) 1.348 1.3328 2(1.3746 1.3888)
19.0393
0, 00229 0.00229
n n n n + +

H s tng quan:
K =
(%) 30.2825
1.59
(%) 19.0393
A
G

06
XC NH P SUT THM THU BNG
PHNG PHP BAGIERAST
I Yu cu:
- Nm c vai tr v ngha ca p sut thm thu i vi c th sinh vt
- Nm c bn cht ca p sut thm thu
- Nm c phng php Bagierast
- Xc nh c gi tr p sut thm thu ca huyt thanh.
II C s l thuyt:
- i vi i sng ,khuch tn v thm thu ng vai tr quan trng trong trao i cht.c bit
p sut thm thu cao ng vai tr quan trng trong vic iu ho nc trong mu.Ngoi ra p sut
thm thu cn c vai tr trong vic iu tit cc cht cn b v l nguyn nhn gy ra lc ho thm
thc y qu trnh tng hp ATP.
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
- i vi cc loi sinh vt khc nhau ,gi tr p sut thm thu khc nhau. ng vt bc thp ,gi
tr p sut thm thu thay i trong mt phm vi kh rng,ngc li ng vt bc cao v
ngi,gi tr p sut thm thay thay i trong khong nh.
V d:p sut thm thu ca huyt thanh trong mu ngi iu kin sinh l bnh thng c gi
tr khong 7,4 atm,thay i t 7,35-7,45 atm.Bn cht ca p sut thm thu l do nng phn t
ca cc cht ho tan gy nn.Do ,p sut thm thu ph thuc vo nng ,nhit tuyt i ca
mi trng:
.
tt
P CRT (*)
Trong :
C l nng cc cht ho tan
R l hng s kh (R=8,31.
3
10 J/kmol.K= 8,31J/mol.K)
T l nhit tuyt i

l h s phn ly

p sut thm thu ph thuc vo s lng cc tiu phn.

V d:i vi NaCl,
=2 NaCl Na Cl
+
+
- quan st hin tng thm thu phi c hai dung dch vi nng khc nhau,c ngn cch
bi mng bn thm.Nu thm thu xy ra th dung dch s i t ni c nng cao sang ni c
nng thp.Tuy nhin mng bn thm l tng l rt kh.V vy, xc nh p sut thm thu
thng dng phng php gin tip l phng php Bagierast. Phng php ny da trn c s:i
vi mi loi dung dch c nng khc nhau th bao gi cng to ra trn b mt p sut hi bo ho
khc nhau.i vi nhng dung dch c nng cng cao th p sut hi bo ho cng ln.Nu nh
a hai dung dch c nng khc nhau vo ng thu tinh ngn cch nhau bi bt kh th bt kh s
dch chuyn n ni c nng thp hn.Do vy,nu bit c nng ca mt dung dch th s
bit nng ca dung dch kia.
Mc ch:xc nh p sut thm thu ca huyt thanh da vo nng NaCl bit trc.
III Cch tin hnh:
Pha 5 dung dch khc nhau t dung dch NaCl 1% vo 5 ng nghim c nng t 0.4%-
0.8% ,mi ng c th tch 5ml.
Dng c:
-2 a ng h
-Cc ng mao dn
-Knh hin vi
-Lam knh
-La men

1
B
:To tiu bn
- a ng h 1,ly 2ml dung dch kim tra c nng ln lt t 0.4%-0.8%.
- a ng h 2,ly 2ml huyt thanh.
- Ly mt ng mao dn t nghing vo dung dch kim tra. Khi dung dch dng ln n na ng
th ly ra dc ngc u dung dch kim tra chy xung phi di. Khi cch u ngoi cng
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
1mm th a ngay vo dung dch nghin cu(huyt thanh).Lc huyt thanh s y dung dch
kim tra quay ngc li.Khi s to c tiu bn hai dung dch khc nhau,cch nhau bi mt bt
kh.t tiu bn ln la men.Dng Paraphin t nng,th mt git vo u tiu bn bt kn.a
tiu bn ln knh hin vi xc nh chiu chuyn ng ca bt kh,kim tra n nng no,bt
kh khng di chuyn,ghi li gi tr ri th vo cng thc (*) xc nh p sut thm thu ca
huyt thanh.
Kt qu: Ti nhit phng l 29
o
C
Dung dch
NaCl
Chiu dch chuyn
Dung dch
NaCl
Huyt
thanh
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
0.8%
T nng % ca dung dch NaCl,ta c th tnh c nng mol ca dung dch NaCl.Nng
mol ca dung dch NaCl cng chnh l nng mol ca huyt thanh l:
3
10. %. 10.0, 6.1
1, 0256.10 ( / )
100.58, 5
ddNaCl
M
NaCl
C D
C mol l
M

Thay kt qu vo biu thc (*),ta c:
3
. 2.1, 0256.10 .8, 31.( 29 273) 5,13( ) 5,198( )
tt
P CRT Bar atm

+
Vi 1atm=0,987Bar
Ta thy rng p sut thm thu ca huyt thanh thp hn so vi l thuyt v iu kin sinh l
bnh thng,c th lun 37
o
C nn nhit tuyt i s c gi tr ln hn.Do p sut thm
thu ca huyt thanh s ln hn.

XC NH DN XUT CA HEMOGLOBIN
I C s l thuyt:
Thnh phn c bn ca t bo hng cu l Hemoglobin(Hb).Trong mt t bo hng cu c
khong 200 triu phn t Hb.Hemoglobin c cu to t 2 thnh phn chnh l protein Glubin
v nhm Hem
Hemoglobin Protein Globin + Hem

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Bi thc hnh l sinh
Nhm Hem c cu to t 4 vng phenol vi nguyn t Fe
++
nm trung tm. Nh nguyn
t Fe
++
trung tm nn n d cung cp oxi cho cc t bo v m trn khp c th.
Protein Globin c cu to t 4 chui polypeptit.Trong c 2 chui
v 2 chui
.Mi mt chui c gn kt vi mt gc Hem.Vy trong mt phn t Hb cha 4 gc Hem nn 1

phn t Hb kt hp c vi 4 phn t O
2
.
Chui
khi kt hp vi O
2
hnh dng b co cun li,khi gii phng O
2
th n dui ra.
Chui
d kt hp hay gii phng O

2
th n vn gi nguyn hnh dng.
Khi Hb kt hp vi O
2
c tn l oxyhemoglobin,c 4 dng:
4 2 4 2
4 2 2 4 4
4 4 2 4 6
4 6 2 4 8
Hb O Hb O
Hb O O Hb O
Hb O O Hb O
Hb O O Hb O
+
+
+
+
Dng Hb
4
O
8
(thng c k hiu l HbO
2
) l dng bo ho O
2
.Ch c dng ny mi d kt
hp v gii phng O
2
.
Ngoi ra cn c mt dn xut khc l metHb(methernoglobin).Khi Fe
++
Fe
+++
th lc
Hb bin thnh metHb.MetHb kt hp vi O
2
nhng khng c kh nng gii phng O
2
.V vy,khi
trong c th cha mt lng ln metHb th n s cn tr qu trnh cung cp kh cho cc c quan t
chc,dn n tnh trng c th b thiu O
2
, gy tnh trng ng c O
2
.
II Thc hnh:
1) Mc tiu:Xc nh c HbO
2
, metHb , Hb.
2) Dng c,ho cht:
- Kalipheryxianua K
3
( )
6
Fe CN 1
]
- Natrithiosunphat Na
2
S
2
O
3
- Heparin(hoc Citratnatri):dung dch chng ng mu
- My li tm,ng nghim
3) Cch tin hnh:
B
1
: Thu nhn t bo hng cu
B mu chng ng vo li tm vi tc 3000 vng/pht trong 5 pht thu c hng cu
lng pha di bng cch loi b huyt tng trn
B
2
:Ra t bo hng cu bng dung dch PBS pH=7,2 ,em li tm 5 pht vi tc 3000
vng/pht loi b Heparin
B
3
:Lm huyt tiu bng cch cho t bo vo nc ct,em li tm 3 pht vi tc 3000
vng/pht b mng t bo,ta thu nhn mt dung dch ti,mu trong sut l HbO
2
thu c metHb,ly 3-4 ml dung dch HbO
2
cho thm vo vi git K
3
( )
6
Fe CN 1
]
thu c
metHb mu nu sm.
Mun thu nhn Hb,ly mt vi git Na
2
S
2
O
3
cho vo ng nghim,ta thu c Hb c mu xanh sm.
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Bi thc hnh l sinh
Bi thc hnh s 6&7:
XC NH NNG LNG HOT HO CA QU TRNH CO BP
TIM CH - XC NH TNH THM CA DA CH
I-Mc tiu:
-Xc nh nng lng hot ho ca qu trnh co bp tim ch tch ri
cho mt phn ng ho hc xy ra,cc nguyn t ,phn t tham gia phn ng phi sp xp li
cu trc to nn cc cu trc mi trong sn phm ca phn ng.Mun vy chng cn c cung
cp mt nng lng ti thiu thng c lc y tng tc gia cc lp v in t trong nguyn
t.Nng lng gi l nng lng hot ho.K hiu l E
hh
tng tc ca phn ng ho hc,ta thng tng nhit .V s ph thuc tc phn ng vo
nhit c th hin qua phng trnh Arhenius:
. .
hh
T
E
K P z exp
RT
_

,
(1)
Trong :
z l h s va chm gia cc nguyn t,phn t.
P l yu t lp th(ph thuc vo cu hnh khng gian ca nguyn t,phn t)
R l hng s kh .R=8,31 J/mol.K
E
hh
l nng lng hot ho
Ngoi ra ta cn c nh lut Vanhoff:
10
10
T
T
K
Q
K
+
(2)
Q
10
l

t s ca tc phn ng ho hc 2 mc nhit chnh nhau
0
10 C.
Thay (1) vo (2),tm cng thc ca E
hh
,i ln thnh log v thay cc h s c,ta c:
10 10
10
ln 0.46. ( 10). lg
10
hh
T
E RT Q T T Q
+
+ (3)
Trong h sinh hc,Q
10
chnh l tc ca phn ng ho hc ca mt c quan trong c th.Trong th
nghim ny,Q
10
chnh l tn s co bp ca tim ch.Trong h sinh hc Q
10
1,7;trong h ho hc Q
10
t 2 - 4 bi v mi phn ng trong c th sng u ch xy ra trong mt phm vi gii hn nhit
nht nh.Nu tng nhit vt qu ngng cho php th thnh phn cc enzim xc tc
cc phn ng b bin i lm cho phn ng khng th xy ra
-Xc nh tnh thm ca da ch
Cu to ca da ch:gm hai phn:
+Ngoi l lp biu m
+Trong l lp m lin kt
Trang 11
Page 11
11-04-12Created on 25-03-09 17:02:00
TAO - 11 - - 11 -
Bi thc hnh l sinh
Lp biu m thng c cu to t 38 lp t bo.Ngoi cng l lp mng thng tin c ngun
gc t cc tuyn nhy ca da ch tit ra.Tip theo l lp t bo sng.Sau lp t bo sng l lp t
bo hnh trn.Di na l lp t bo hnh lng tr c nhn hnh ovan.Trong cng l lp m lin kt
c cha lp sc t biu m(mu xanh en).Ton b lp ny cn gi l lp t bo sinh trng.Nh
tnh cht cu to ca lp biu m v lp m lin kt khc nhau m lp biu m c tnh hp th
mnh v tnh axit yu;ngc li,lp m lin kt c tnh hp th yu v phn ng kim.Do ,da ch
ch c tnh thm mt chiu t trong ra ngoi(t lp m lin kt n lp t bo biu m) i vi mt
s thuc nhum c tnh kim yu nh xanhmetilen(metylblue)
II-Cch tin hnh
1- Dng c
-B m tiu phu
+ Kim chc tu
+ Kp phu tch
+ ng Kenu
+ Ko
+ Bnh Ringer
-Ly thu tinh
-My quang ph
2-Cch tin hnh
a-Xc nh nng lng hot ho ca qu trnh co bp tim ch tch ri
B
1
: Gy m ch (c 2 cch):
- Cho ch ngi te
- Dng kim chc tu
B
2
: Cch m ch
- t ch ln bn m, dng kp phu tch kp da ch,dng ko nh nhng rch da ch,bn
trong l lp tht mu trng.Dng dao m nh nhng m rng lng ngc ch, khi thy tim ch
c bao bc bng mt mng sng.Dng kp phu tch v ko nh nhng tho mng sng ,thy
ng mch tri v phi cho nhau.Dng ch lung xung pha di 2 ng mch khng cho mu
lu thng v tim.Nhc tim ch ngc ln pha trn thy tnh mch ,dng ch buc cht tnh
mch.Lt tim ch v v tr c, trn ng mch tri dng ko m 1 l nh nh nhng lun ng
Kennu qua l nh xung tim,vo thng tm tht tri ri ly ch buc cht ng Kennu vi ng
mch li khng cho mu r ra ngoi.Mi vic hon tt dng ko ct ri cc ng mch tnh mch
cng vi c b xoang pha trn.Khi ta tch ri c tim ch ra khi c th.
B
3
: o nhp p ca tim ch
- t tim ch va tch vo bnh Ringer, nhit phng l
0
28 C ta thy kt qu nh sau:
Ln 1 Ln 2 Ln 3
84 81 78
Sau 3 ln th tim ch p trung bnh l: 81 ln /pht.
- Tip theo t bnh Ringer ng tim ch vo chu nc 18
0
C, ta thy kt qu nh sau:
Trang 12
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11-04-12Created on 25-03-09 17:02:00
TAO - 12 - - 12 -
Bi thc hnh l sinh
Ln 1 Ln 2 Ln 3
54 54 54
Sau 3 ln th tim ch p trung bnh l:54 ln /pht
- Vy tim ch nhit T+10=2
0
8 C p mnh hn nhit T=
0
18 C
B
4
: Xc nh nng lng hot ho ca tim ch

10
0,46. .( 10).lg
hh
E T T Q + (*)
Trong :
T+10=
0 0
28 273 301 C K +
T
0 0
18 273 291 C K +
10
10
84
1.5556
54
T
T
K
Q
K

Thay vo (*):
0, 46.291.301.lg1,5556 7731,9247
hh
E
(J)
1,8472 (kcal)
b-Xc nh tnh thm ca da ch
Dng dao m rch mt ng quanh i ch, nh nhng lt lp da chn ch khi ta
c 2 lp da 2 chn ch.Mt lp da c gi nguyn theo hnh dng ban u, lp cn li lt
ngc ra bn ngoi.Lun mi lp da vao mt ng nha v buc cht khng cho da ch v ng tch
ri nhau, sau dng ng ht ly 10ml dung dch Xanhmtilen cho chy xung da ch.Ngm mi
lp da ch vo mt ly thu tinh ng 20ml dung dch sinh l trong thi gian 40 pht.Sau ta thy
kt qu nh sau: Mt trong 2 ly c mu sm hn biu th tnh thm ca da ch t trong ra ngoi ,ly
cn li biu th tnh thm t ngoi vo trong.
III-Bin lun kt qu
Gii thch: vi cu to ca da ch, lp t bo biu m ngoi l lp c tnh hp th cao v c tnh
axit yu. Ngc li, lp m lin kt c tnh cht hp th yu v kim km. Vi dung dch kim yu
metylen nn lp t bo biu m v lp lin kt c tnh hp th khc nhau.V t bo biu m c tnh
hp th cao v axit yu s hp th mnh dung dch kim yu metylen v a dung dch ra ngoi.
Cn lp m lin kt c tnh hp th yu v kim yu nn khng hp th tt dung dch metylen v
lp m lin kt s hp th v gi li.
Nh vy: tnh thm ca da ch t trong ra ngoi t bo cao hn tnh thm cao hn t ngoi vo
trong.
Trang 13
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11-04-12Created on 25-03-09 17:02:00
TAO - 13 - - 13 -

Bài thực hành lí sinh số 1

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Bài thực hành lí sinh số 1

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Copyright:

Available Formats

Bi thc hnh l sinh

p sut thm thu ph thuc vo s lng cc tiu phn.

.Mi mt chui c gn kt vi mt gc Hem.Vy trong mt phn t Hb cha 4 gc Hem nn 1

d kt hp hay gii phng O

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