Lua Chon Cap Va Thiet Bi Bao Ve Dong Cat

CHNG IV: LA CHN CP NGM V THIT B BO V NG CT
La chn cp bao gm nhng vn sau y:

i vi cng trnh ny s chn cp lc c cch in XLPE. Vt liu cch in XLPE
c cc c im sau:
a) c tnh nhit:
Khng chy nhng lo ha trong iu kin chu nhit 3000C lu di. Thc t iu
kin lm vic ca li cp c khng ch nh sau: 900C cho dng in ti lu di v
2500C cho dng ngn mch trong thi gian 1s.
nhit 4000C loi vt liu cch in XLPE vn bo m tnh do.
b) c tnh in:
Cch in rt tt.
H s tn tht in mi (tan) v hng s in mi () rt nh.
c) c tnh c:
Cp c t di t v trong hm ring nn trnh c tc ng c kh v nh
hng trc tip ca kh hu nng, ma, gi.
d) c tnh ha:
XLPE c kh nng chu cc tc ng ha hc nh acid thng thng, kim, du cc
loi rt tt.
e) nh hng mi trng v m quan cho khu cng nghip.
Cp c t di t nn khng nh hng n m quan, ng giao thng.
Loi cch in XLPE khng gy nhim bn ngun nc v t trong trng hp n do
s c nh cp in dng cch in bng du.
La chn phng n t cp:
Hin nay c cc cch thc t cp thng dng sau:
Phng n t
u im
Chn trc tip

trong t
Gi thnh thp
Ko v t cp d dng
Tn nhit tt
Thi cng nhanh
t trong ng
D dng m rng v thay th

cp
t h hng v bc cp
Tn nhit tt
D dng lp t nhiu mch
D dng bo dng
t trong
mng cp
Nhc im
D b h hng v bc
PVC/PE ca cp
Bo dng kh khn
Phi o v ti lp mt
ng nu mun pht
trin cc tuyn mi sau
ny
Gi thnh cao
Kh nng ti thp
Gi thnh cao nht trong 3
phng n
Thi gian thi cng di
Cn nhc cc c im ring ca tng phng n t cp nu trn, kt hp vi

quy hoch chi tit xy dng cc cng trnh ngm ca khu cng nghip, kin
ngh chn cch thc t cp trong ng nha PVC v chn trong t su
khong 1m.
La chn tit din cp:
Vic la chn tit din cp (cho cc tuyn cp ngm) v xc gii php chnh v cng
ngh cng nh vic xy dng tuyn cp ngm hon ton ph thuc vo cng sut
truyn ti qua on cp v c im ca on cp.
Vic xc nh tit din cp ngm rt l quan trng v lin quan n kh nng nng cp
in y v an ton cho khu cng nghip v chi ph u t, nu chn tit din cp
nh hn cng sut truyn ti s lm gim tui th cp ngm, sut s c tng ln.
Ngc li nu chn t l qu ln so vi cng sut truyn ti th an ton cp in cao
nhng cng lm tng chi ph u t v v tr chim t i vi cc tuyn cp ngm.
iu kin la chn cp:
Theo iu kin pht nng: dy dn c la chn theo iu kin pht nng, trong
dng in cc i chy trong dy dn khng c ln hn dng in cho php ca dy
dn: Icp Ilvmax
Khi c nhiu dy dn trong mt mng cp ta phi tnh n kh nng truyn nhit gia
cc cp. I cp
I lv m ax
K hc
Trong :
Icp: dng in cho php ca cp, ph thuc vo tit din v xc nh t catalogues.
Ilvmax: dng in ln nht chy trong cp.

Khc: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo cch lp t cp.
Lp t cp:
Mng cp ngm c thi cng trc khi san gt xy lp va h v l ng.
Cc dng mng cp trung th:
Mng cp trung th i bng ng:
C dng hnh thang y ln t 925-2.175mm y nh 400-1.650mm (ph thuc vo s
mch cp trong mng cp), chiu cao mng 1.140mm. Cp trung th c t trong
ng st trng km STK 168 v chn su cch mt t 840mm. Trong mng cp t
gch th cnh bo cp ngm, ti cc v tr bng ng phi t mc bo hiu cp ngm
ti 2 bn va h ni c cp ngm bng ng.
Mng cp trung th i trn va h:
C dng hnh thang y ln t 875-2.125mm y nh t 400-1.650mm (ph thuc vo
s mch cp trong mng cp), chiu cao mng 1.040mm. Cp trung th c t
trong ng PVC 168, chn su cch mt t 740mm. Trong mng cp t gch th
cnh bo cp ngm v bn trn mng cp c t mc cnh bo cp ngm in lc vi
khong cch 20m cho 1 mc.
Hm ni cp:
Do chiu di ca bnh cp ngm l 250m v chiu di n tuyn cc si cp u ln
hn 200m nn cp ngm s c bng hp ni cp. thun tin cho vic lp t, cc
hp ni c t trong cc hm ni cp bng b tng ct thp mc 200. Hm ni cp
hnh hp chiu rng v chiu di c kch thc 1.8m chiu su 1.3m. y hm c l
thot nc.
Mc bo hiu cp ngm:
Mc bo hiu cp ngm c lm bng s t trn va h v t ti tm mng cp,
khong cch gia cc mc l 10m, ti v tr c cp ngm bng qua ng th mc bo
hiu cp ngm ti 2 bn va h ni c cp ngm bng qua ng.
Tnh ton v la chn cp ngm cho khu cng nghip:
Chn cp ngm cho ton khu cng nghip khi c s c xy ra:
Chn cp ngm cho 2 tuyn chnh 475 v 477.
Ta c:
Cng sut tnh ton cho khu cng nghip:
PttKCN = 22720 (Kw)
Dng lm vic ln nht cho ton khu cng nghip:
Ilvmax = IttKCN =
ttKCN
3 * U l * Cos
22720
745.3( A)
3 * 22 * 0.8
H s hiu chnh Khc:

K4 = 0.8 (t trong ng): th hin ca cch lp t
K5 = 0.8 th hin s mch t lin k nhau.
K6 = 1.13 (t t): th hin s nh hng ca t chn cp.
K7 = 0.85( cch in XLPE, t0t = 400): th hin s nh hng ca nhit t.
Tch hiu chnh: Khc = K4K5K6K7 = 0.8*0.8*1.13*0.85 = 0.61
Chn dy vi iu kin: I cp I lv m ax
K hc
M: I lv m ax 745 .3 1221 .8( A)

K hc
0.61
Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

li ng, tit din Fpha = 500mm2, dy lp XLPE 5.5mm, mi cp chu c dng
cho php l Icp=650(A).
V 2 tuyn cp i song song nn dng in cho php l:
Icp = 2*650 = 1300 (A)
r0 = 0.0366 (/km)
Chn dy PE: v tit din dy pha ln nn ta chn dy PE bng ng c tit din bng
mt na tit din dy pha FPE= 250mm2.
Chn cp ngm t t RMU1 ti B7-C7:
Ta c:
Ptt = 2500 (Kw)
Dng lm vic ln nht:
Ilvmax = Itt =
tt
3 * U l * Cos
2500
82( A)
3 * 22 * 0.8
H s hiu chnh: Khc

K5 = 1 th hin s mch t lin k nhau.
K7 = 0.85( cch in XLPE, t0t=400): th hin s nh hng ca nhit t.
Tch hiu chnh: Khc = K4K5K6K7 = 0.8*1*1.13*0.85 = 0.77
K hc
M: I lv m ax 82 106 .5( A)
K hc
0.77
li ng, tit din Fpha = 35mm2, dy lp XLPE 5.5mm, cp chu c dng cho
php l Icp=170(A).
r0 = 0.524 (/km)
Chn dy PE: v tit din dy pha Fpha nm trong khong 16mm2 < Fpha 35mm2 nn ta
chn dy PE bng ng c tit din FPE=16mm2.
Chn cp ngm t t RMU1 ti C7-D7:
Ta c:
Ptt = 3225 (Kw)
Dng lm vic ln nht:
Ilvmax = Itt =
tt
3 *U l * Cos
3225
105.8( A)
3 * 22 * 0.8
H s hiu chnh: Khc

K hc
M: I lv m ax 3225 105 .8( A)

K hc
0.77

php l Icp=170(A).
r0 = 0.524 (/km)
Chn cp ngm t t RMU2 ti C8-B8:
Ta c:
Ptt = 1750 (Kw)
Dng lm vic ln nht:
Ilvmax = Itt =
tt
3 * U l * Cos
1750
57.4( A)
3 * 22 * 0.8
H s hiu chnh: Khc


K hc
M: I lv m ax 57 .4 75 .5( A)
K hc
0.77

php l Icp=170(A).
r0 = 0.524 (/km)
Chn cp ngm t t RMU3 ti F7-G7:
Ta c:
Ptt = 5000 (Kw)
Dng lm vic ln nht:
Ilvmax = Itt =
tt
3 * U l * Cos
5000
164( A)
3 * 22 * 0.8
H s hiu chnh: Khc

K hc
M: I lv m ax 164 213 ( A)
K hc
0.77

php l Icp=240(A).
r0 = 0.268 (/km)
Chn cp ngm t t RMU4 ti F8-G8:
Ta c:
Ptt = 4200 (Kw)
Dng lm vic ln nht:
Ilvmax = Itt =
tt
3 *U l * Cos
4200
137.8( A)
3 * 22 * 0.8
H s hiu chnh: Khc

K hc
M: I lv m ax 137 .8 179 ( A)
K hc
0.77

php l Icp= 200(A).
r0 = 0.387 (/km)
Chn dy PE: v tit din dy pha ln nn ta chn dy PE bng ng c tit din bng
mt na tit din dy pha FPE= 25mm2.
Chn dy cp ngm t cc t RMU nhnh ti tng xng trong khu cng nghip:
Xng 6:
Ta c:
Ptt = 325 (Kw)
Dng lm vic ln nht:
Ilvmax = Itt =
tt
3 *U l * Cos
325
10.86( A)
3 * 22 * 0.8
H s hiu chnh: Khc

K hc
M: I lv m ax 10 .86 14 .1( A)
K hc
0.77

php l Icp=170(A).
r0 = 0.524 (/km)
Tnh ton tng t ta c bng sau:
T cc t RMU
Ptt(kw) Ilvmax(A)
Khc
n cc xng
I lv m ax
( A)
K hc
Icp(A)
F(mm2)
325
10.86 0.77
14.1
170
35
6-1
375
12.53 0.77
16.27
170
35
6-2
375
12.53 0.77
16.27
170
35
800
26.74 0.77
34.73
170
35
8-1
625
20.89 0.77
27.13
170
35
450
15.04 0.77
19.53
170
35
7-1
450
15.04 0.77
19.53
170
35
7-2
450
15.04 0.77
19.53
170
35
8-2
625
20.89 0.77
27.13
170
35
8-3
625
20.89 0.77
27.13
170
35
8-4
625
20.89 0.77
27.13
170
35
625
20.89 0.77
27.13
170
35
9-1
575
19.22 0.77
24.96
170
35
9-2
550
18.38 0.77
23.87
170
35
9-3
550
18.38 0.77
23.87
170
35
9-4
550
18.38 0.77
23.87
170
35
10
550
18.38 0.77
23.87
170
35
10-1
325
10.86 0.77
14.1
170
35
10-2
325
10.86 0.77
14.1
170
35
10-3
325
10.86 0.77
14.1
170
35
25
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
26
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
27
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
28
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
54
500
13.37 0.77
17.36
170
35
55
500
13.37 0.77
17.36
170
35
56
500
13.37 0.77
17.36
170
35
57
500
13.37 0.77
17.36
170
35
58
500
13.37 0.77
17.36
170
35
63
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
64
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
65
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
66
625
16.71 0.77
21.7
170
35
71
575
15.37 0.77
19.96
170
35
72
575
15.37 0.77
19.96
170
35
73
575
15.37 0.77
19.96
170
35
74
585
15.64 0.77
20.31
170
35
79
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
80
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
81
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
82
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
83
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
84
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
85
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
86
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
87
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
88
300
8.02 0.77
10.42
170
35
Tnh ton dng ngn mch v la chn thit b bo v:

khi nim v ngn mch.
Ngn mch l hin tng v l do no mch in b chp li mt im no lm
cho tng tr nh i v dng in trong mch in tng ln t ngt. Vic tng dng
in ln ln qu mc s dn n 2 hu qu nghim trng:
-
Lm xut hin lc in ng rt ln c kh nng ph hy kt cu ca cc thit

b in, tip tc gy chm chp chy n.
Lm tng nhit ln cao ph hy cc c tnh cch in, t cng gy ra

chm chp chy n ph hy thit b in.
C nhiu dng ngn mch: ngn mch 3 pha, ngn mch 2 pha chm t, ngn mch 1
pha chm tThng thng ngn mch 3 pha l nguy him nht.
p dng tnh ton vo khu cng nghip
Ngn mch 3 pha.
in khng ca cp in lc 22Kv chn X0=0.1(/km).
Tnh ton ngn mch t ngun ti im ngn mch K1 (T RMU1)
Rk1 = r0*L = 0.0366*0.845 = 0.031 ()
Xk1 = x0*L = 0.1*0.845 = 0.0845 ()
Zk1 =
RK2 1 X K2 1 0.0312 0.08452 0.09()
Dng ngn mch ti im K1:

I k(13)
U TA
22
141 ( KA)
3 * Z k1
3 * 0.09
Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU1.2

R1.2 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.011 = 0.037 ()
X1.2 = x0*L = 0.1*1.011 = 0.1011 ()
Zk1.2 = ( RK1 R1.2 ) 2 ( X K1 X 1.2 ) 2 (0.031 0.037) 2 (0.0845 0.1011) 2 0.19()
I k(13.)2
U TA
22
66 .85 ( KA)
3 * Z k 1.2
3 * 0.19

R1.1 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.175 = 0.043 ()
X1.1 = x0*L = 0.1*1.175 = 0.1175 ()
Z k1.1 ( RK 1 R1.2 R1.1 ) 2 ( X K 1 X 1.2 X 1.1 ) 2
(0.031 0.037 0.043) 2 (0.0845 0.1011 0.1175) 2 0.32()
Dng ngn mch ti im K1.1

I k(13.)1
U TA
22
39 .69 ( KA)
3 * Z k1
3 * 0.32

R1.3 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.043 = 0.038 ()
X1.3 = x0*L = 0.1*1.043 = 0.1043 ()
Z k1.3 ( RK 1 R1.3 ) 2 ( X K 1 X 1.3 ) 2
(0.031 0.038) 2 (0.0845 0.1043) 2 0.2()

I k(13.)3
U TA
22
63 .5( KA)
3 * Z k1
3 * 0.2

R1.4 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.224 = 0.045 ()
X1.4 = x0*L = 0.1*1.224 = 0.1224 ()
Z k1.4 ( RK 1 R1.3 R1.4 ) 2 ( X K 1 X 1.3 X 1.4 ) 2
(0.031 0.038 0.045) 2 (0.0845 0.1043 0.1224) 2 0.33()

I k(13.)4
U TA
22
38 .5( KA)
3 * Z k1.4
3 * 0.33
Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU2

Rk2 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.444 = 0.053 ()
Xk2 = x0*L = 0.1*1.444 = 0.1444 ()
Zk2 = ( RK1 Rk 2 ) 2 ( X K1 X k 2 ) 2 (0.031 0.053) 2 (0.0845 0.1444) 2 0.24()
I k( 32)
U TA
22
52 .9( KA)
3 * Zk2
3 * 0.24

R2.1 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.642 = 0.06 ()
X2.1 = x0*L = 0.1*1.642 = 0.1642 ()
Z k 2.1 ( RK 1 Rk 2 R2.1 ) 2 ( X K 1 X k 2 X 2.1 ) 2
(0.031 0.053 0.06) 2 (0.0845 0.1444 0.1642) 2 0.41()

I k(13.)4
U TA
22
30 .98 ( KA)
3 * Z k1.4
3 * 0.41

R2.2 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.640 = 0.06 ()
X2.2 = x0*L = 0.1*1.640 = 0.164 ()
Z k 2.2 ( RK 1 Rk 2 R2.2 ) 2 ( X K 1 X k 2 X 2.2 ) 2
(0.031 0.053 0.06) 2 (0.0845 0.1444 0.164) 2 0.42()

I k( 32).2
U TA
22
30 .2( KA)
3 * Z k 1.4
3 * 0.42

R2.3 = r0*L = 0.0366*1.824 = 0.067 ()
X2.3 = x0*L = 0.1*1.824 = 0.824 ()
Z k 2.1 ( RK 1 Rk 2 R2.2 R2.3 ) 2 ( X K 1 X k 2 X 2.2 X 2.3 ) 2
(0.031 0.053 0.06 0.067) 2 (0.0845 0.1444 0.164 0.824) 2 1.24()

I k(13.)4
U TA
22
10 .2( KA)
3 * Z k 1.4
3 * 1.24

Lua Chon Cap Va Thiet Bi Bao Ve Dong Cat

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CHNG IV: LA CHN CP NGM V THIT B BO V NG CT

La chn cp bao gm nhng vn sau y:

Chn trc tip

D dng m rng v thay th

Cn nhc cc c im ring ca tng phng n t cp nu trn, kt hp vi

Ilvmax: dng in ln nht chy trong cp.

H s hiu chnh Khc:

M: I lv m ax 745 .3 1221 .8( A)

Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

H s hiu chnh: Khc

Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

H s hiu chnh: Khc

M: I lv m ax 3225 105 .8( A)

Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

H s hiu chnh: Khc

K5 = 1 th hin s mch t lin k nhau.

Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

H s hiu chnh: Khc

Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

H s hiu chnh: Khc

Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

H s hiu chnh: Khc

Chn cp 22Kv cch in XLPE c ai thp v PVC do hng FURUKAWA ch to, 3

Tnh ton dng ngn mch v la chn thit b bo v:

Lm xut hin lc in ng rt ln c kh nng ph hy kt cu ca cc thit

Lm tng nhit ln cao ph hy cc c tnh cch in, t cng gy ra

RK2 1 X K2 1 0.0312 0.08452 0.09()

Dng ngn mch ti im K1:

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU1.2

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU1.1

Dng ngn mch ti im K1.1

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU1.3

Dng ngn mch ti im K4:

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU1.4

Dng ngn mch ti im K1.4

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU2

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU2.1

Dng ngn mch ti im K2.1

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU2.2

Dng ngn mch ti im K2.1

Tnh ton dng ngn mch t ngun ti t RMU2.3

Dng ngn mch ti im K2.3

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