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BI DNG V N LUYN THI H

PHNG PHP TNG GIM KHI LNG TRONG HO V C I) V D MINH HO BI GING V d 1: Ho tan m gam hn hp X gm Al, Fe, Zn v Mg bng dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng khi lng dung dch axit tng thm (m 2) gam. Khi lng ca mui to thnh trong dung dch sau phn ng l A. m + 34,5. B. m + 35,5. C. m + 69. D. m + 71. V d 2: Nhng mt thanh st nng 10 gam vo dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi gian phn ng, nhc thanh st ra, cn li thy khi lng thanh st l 12 gam. Khi lng kim loi Cu bm vo thanh st l A. 2 gam. B. 11,4 gam. C. 16 gam. D. 13,7. V d 3: Cho 26,80 gam hn hp KHCO3 v NaHCO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d c 6,72 lt kh (ktc). Sau phn ng c cn c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 34,45 gam. B. 20,15 gam. C. 19,15 gam. D. 19,45 gam. V d 4: Dn V lt kh CO2 (ktc) hp th hon ton vo 750 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1M, sau phn ng khi lng dung dch gim 5,45 gam v c hn hp 2 mui. Gi tr ca V l A. 1,68. B. 2,24. C. 1,12. D. 3,36. V d 5: Cho 32,5 gam Zn vo dung dch cha 5,64 gam Cu(NO3)2 v 3,40 gam AgNO3 (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton v tt c cc kim loi sinh ra u bm vo thanh kim loi Zn). Khi lng sau cng ca thanh kim loi l A. 1,48 gam. B. 33,98 gam. C. 32,47 gam. D. 34,01 gam. V d 6: Cho 2 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al, Fe, Zn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d gii phng 0,1 gam kh. Cng 2 gam hn hp trn tc dng vi Cl2 (d), thu c 5,763 gam hn hp mui. Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong hn hp trn l A. 16,8%. B. 22,4%. C. 19,2%. D. 8,4%. V d 7: Ngm mt inh st sch trong 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 n khi dung dch ht mu xanh, ly inh st ra khi dung dch, ra sch sy kh, cn thy inh st tng 0,8 gam. Nng mol ca dung dch CuSO4 l A. 0,5M. B. 5M. C. 0,05M. D. 0,1M. V d 8 (H khi A - 2009): Nung 6,58 gam Cu(NO3)2 trong bnh kn khng cha khng kh sau mt thi gian c 4,96 gam v hn hp kh X. Hp th hon ton kh X c 300 ml dung dch Y. Dung dch Y c pH bng A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. II) BI TP T LUYN Cu 1 (H khi B - 2008): Nung mt hn hp rn gm a mol FeCO3 v b mol FeS2 trong bnh kn cha khng kh (d). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, a bnh v nhit ban u, thu c cht rn duy nht l Fe2O3 v hn hp kh. Bit p sut kh trong bnh trc v sau phn ng bng nhau, mi lin h gia a v b l (bit sau cc phn ng, lu hunh mc oxi ho +4, th tch cc cht rn l khng ng k) A. a = 0,5b. B. a = b. C. a = 4b. D. a = 2b. Cu 2: Cho 4,48 lt CO (ktc) tc dng vi FeO nhit cao mt thi gian, sau phn ng thu c cht rn X c khi lng b hn 1,6 gam so vi khi lng FeO ban u. Khi lng Fe thu c v % th tch kh CO2 trong hn hp kh sau phn ng l A. 5,6 gam; 40%. B. 2,8 gam; 25%. C. 5,6 gam; 50%. D. 11,2; 60%. Cu 3: Nung 47,40 gam kali pemanganat mt thi gian thy cn li 44,04 gam cht rn. Phn trm khi lng kalipemanganat b nhit phn l Trang 1

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A. 50%. B. 70%. C. 60%. D. 65%. Cu 4: Cho 3,06 gam hn hp K2CO3 v MgCO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl thu c V lt kh (ktc) v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X thu c 3,39 gam mui khan. Gi tr ca V l A. 0,224. B. 0,448. C. 0,336. D. 0,672. Cu 5: Dn t t hn hp kh CO v H2 qua ng s ng 55,4 gam hn hp bt CuO, MgO, ZnO, Fe3O4 nung nng. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 10,08 lt (ktc) hn hp kh v hi ch cha CO2 v H2O. Khi lng cht rn cn li trong ng s l A. 48,2 gam. B. 36,5 gam. C. 27,9 gam. D. 40,2 gam. Cu 6: Ho tan hon ton 2,1 gam mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr II trong dung dch H2SO4 long c 3 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc mui cacbonat ca khi lng ho tr II l A. CaCO3. B. Na2CO3. C. FeCO3. D. MgCO3. Cu 7: Dn V lt hn hp gm CO v H2 qua ng s nung nng cha hn hp FeO, Al2O3 (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton) c hn hp kh v hi nng hn hn hp kh ban u 2 gam. Gi tr ca V l A. 2,80. B. 5,60. C. 0,28. D. 0,56. Cu 8: Nung hn hp rn gm FeCO3 v FeS2 (t l mol 1 : 1) trong mt bnh kn cha khng kh vi p sut p1 atm. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton a bnh v nhit ban u thu c cht rn duy nht l Fe2O3 v p sut kh trong bnh lc ny l p2 atm (th tch cc cht rn khng ng k v sau cc phn ng lu hunh mc oxi ho +4). Mi lin h gia p1 v p2 l A. p1 = p2. B. p1 = 2p2. C. 2p1 = p2. D. p1 = 3p2. Cu 9: Dn kh CO i qua ng s nung nng cha 0,02 mol hn hp X gm FeO v Fe2O3 phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 1,96 gam cht rn Y, kh i ra khi ng s hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th thy khi lng bnh tng 2,20 gam. Hn hp X c A. 50% FeO v 50% Fe2O3. B. 13,04% FeO v 86,96% Fe2O3. C. 20% FeO v 80% Fe2O3. D. 82% FeO v 18% Fe2O3. Cu 10: C 1 lt dung dch hn hp Na2CO3 0,1M v (NH4)2CO3 0,25M. Cho 43 gam hn hp BaCl2 v CaCl2 vo dung dch . Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc ta thu c 39,7 gam kt ta X v dung dch Y. Thnh phn phn trm khi lng cc cht trong X l A. %m(BaCO3) = 50%; %m(CaCO3) = 50%. B. %m(BaCO3) = 50,38%; %m(CaCO3) = 49,62%. C. %m(BaCO3) = 49,62%; %m(CaCO3) = 50,38%. D. Khng xc nh c. Cu 11: Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr (I) v mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr (II) bng dung dch HCl thy thot ra 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch l A. 26,0 gam. B. 28,0 gam. C. 26,8 gam. D. 28,6 gam. Cu 12: Cho dung dch AgNO3 d tc dng vi dung dch hn hp c ho tan 6,25 gam 2 mui KCl v KBr thu c 10,39 gam hn hp AgCl v AgBr. S mol hn hp mui ban u l A. 0,08 mol. B. 0,06 mol. C. 0,03 mol. D. 0,055 mol. Cu 13: Nhng mt thanh graphit c ph mt lp kim loi ho tr (II) vo dung dch CuSO4 d. Sau phn ng khi lng ca thanh graphit gim i 0,24 gam. Cng thanh graphit ny nu c nhng vo dung dch AgNO3 th khi phn ng xong thy khi lng thanh graphit tng ln 0,52 gam. Kim loi ho tr (II) l A. Pb. B. Cd. C. Al. D. Sn. Cu 14: Ho tan hon ton 104,25 gam hn hp X gm NaCl v NaI vo nc c dung dch Y. Sc kh Cl2 d vo dung dch Y. Kt thc th nghim, c cn dung dch thu c 58,5 gam mui khan. Khi lng NaCl c trong hn hp X l A. 29,25 gam. B. 58,5 gam. C. 17,55 gam. D. 23,4 gam. Cu 15: Ngm mt vt bng ng c khi lng 15 gam trong 340 gam dung dch AgNO3 6%. Sau mt thi gian ly vt ra thy khi lng AgNO3 trong dung dch gim 25%. Khi lng ca vt sau phn ng l A. 3,24 gam. B. 2,28 gam. C. 17,28 gam. D. 24,12 gam. Cu 16: Nhng mt thanh km v mt thanh st vo cng mt dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi gian ly 2 thanh kim loi ra thy trong dung dch cn li c nng mol ZnSO4 bng 2,5 ln nng mol ca FeSO4. Mt khc, khi lng dung dch gim 2,2 gam. Khi lng ca ng bm ln thanh km v thanh st ln lt l Trang 2

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A. 12,8 gam; 32 gam. B. 64 gam; 25,6 gam. C. 32 gam; 12,8 gam. D. 25,6 gam; 64 gam. Cu 17: Nhng thanh km vo dung dch cha 8,32 gam CdSO4. Sau khi kh hon ton ion Cd2+ khi lng thanh km tng 2,35% so vi ban u. Khi lng thanh km ban ul A. 60 gam. B. 70 gam. C. 80 gam. D. 90 gam. Cu 18: Nhng thanh kim loi M ho tr II vo dung dch CuSO4, sau mt thi gian ly thanh kim loi ra thy khi lng gim 0,05%. Mt khc, nhng thanh kim loi trn vo dung dch Pb(NO3)2, sau mt thi gian thy khi lng tng 7,1%. Bit rng s mol ca CuSO4 v Pb(NO3)2 tham gia 2 trng hp l nh nhau. Kim loi M l A. Mg. B. Al. C. Fe. D. Zn. Cu 19: Cho m gam hn hp bt Zn v Fe vo lng d dung dch CuSO4. Sau khi kt thc cc phn ng, lc b phn dung dch thu c m gam bt rn. Thnh phn trm theo khi lng ca Zn trong hn hp ban u l A. 90,28%. B. 85,30%. C. 82,20%. D. 12,67%. Cu 20: Nung 100 gam hn hp gm Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 cho n khi khi lng hn hp khng i c 69 gam cht rn. Phn trm theo khi lng cc cht trong hn hp ban u l A. 15,4% v 84,6%. B. 22,4% v 77,6%. C. 16% v 84%. D. 24% v 76%. Cu 21: Ho tan 3,28 gam hn hp mui CuCl2 v Cu(NO3)2 vo nc c dung dch X. Nhng Mg vo dung dch X cho n khi mt mu xanh ca dung dch. Ly thanh Mg ra cn li thy tng thm 0,8 gam. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 1,28. B. 2,48. C. 4,13. D. 1,49. Cu 22: Cho 115 gam hn hp gm ACO3, B2CO3, R2CO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy thot ra 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui clorua to ra trong dung dch l A. 142 gam. B. 126 gam. C. 141 gam. D. 132 gam. Cu 23: Ngm mt l st trong dung dch CuSO4. Nu bit khi lng Cu bm trn l st l 9,6 gam th khi lng l st sau khi ngm tng thm bao nhiu gam so vi ban u? A. 5,6 gam. B. 2,8 gam. C. 2,4 gam. D. 1,2 gam. Cu 24: Cho hai thanh st c khi lng bng nhau. - Thanh 1 nhng vo dung dch c cha a mol AgNO3. - Thanh 2 nhng vo dung dch c cha a mol Cu(NO3)2. Sau phn ng ly thanh st ra, sy kh v cn li, ta thy A. Khi lng hai thanh sau nhng vn bng nhau nhng khc ban u. B. Khi lng thanh 2 sau nhng nh hn khi lng thanh 1 sau nhng. C. Khi lng thanh 1 sau nhng nh hn khi lng thanh 2 sau nhng. D. Khi lng 2 thanh khng i vn nh trc khi nhng. Cu 25 (H khi A - 2009): Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al2O3 nung nng n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l A. 0,8 gam. B. 8,3 gam. C. 2,0 gam. D. 4,0 gam. Cu 26 (H khi B - 2008): Tin hnh hai th nghim sau: - Th nghim 1: Cho m gam bt Fe (d) vo V1 lt dung dch Cu(NO3)2 1M; - Th nghim 2: Cho m gam bt Fe (d) vo V2 lt dung dch AgNO3 0,1M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng cht rn thu c hai th nghim u bng nhau. Gi tr ca V1 so vi V2 l A. V1 = V2. B. V1 = 10V2. C. V1 = 5V2. D. V1 = 2V2. Cu 27: Nung 104,1 gam hn hp X gm K2CO3 v NaHCO3 n khi lng khng i thu c 88,6 gam cht rn. Phn trm khi lng K2CO3 v NaHCO3 trong X ln lt l A. 20% v 80%. B. 45,5% v 54,5%. C. 40,35% v 59,65%. D. 35% v 65%. Cu 28: Dn kh CO d qua ng s cha 7,6 gam hn hp FeO v CuO nung nng sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh X v 6,8 gam rn Y. Cho hn hp kh X hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy c kt ta. Khi lng kt ta thu c l A. 5 gam. B. 10 gam. C. 15 gam. D. 20 gam. Cu 29: Nung 46,7 gam hn hp Na2CO3 v NaNO3 n khi lng khng i thu c 41,9 gam cht rn. Khi lng Na2CO3 trong hn hp ban u l Trang 3

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A. 21,2 gam. B. 25,5 gam. C. 21,5 gam. D. 19,2 gam. Cu 30: t chy hon ton m gam hai kim loi Mg v Fe trong khng kh, thu c (m + 0,8) gam hai oxit. ho tan ht lng oxit trn th khi lng dung dch H2SO4 20% ti thiu phi dng l A. 32,6 gam. B. 32 gam. C. 28,5 gam. D. 24,5 gam. Cu 31:Nhng mt thanh kim loi Al v mt thanh Fe vo dung dch Cu(NO3)2 sau mt thi gian ly 2 thanh kim loi ra thy khi lng dung dch cn li cha Al(NO3)3 v Fe(NO3)2 vi t l mol 3 : 2 v khi lng dung dch gim 2,32 gam (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton). Khi lng Cu bm vo thanh Al v Fe l A. 4,16 gam. B. 2,88 gam. C. 1,28 gam. D. 2,56 gam. Cu 32: Nhung m gam kim loi M ho tr II vo dung dch CuSO4 sau mt thi gian ly thanh kim loi ra thy khi lng gim 0,075%. Mt khc, khi nhng m gam thanh kim loi trn vo dung dch Pb(NO3)2 sau mt thi gian ly thanh kim loi ra thy khi lng thanh kim loi tng 10,65% (bit s mol ca CuSO4 v Pb(NO3)2 tham gia 2 trng hp l nh nhau). Kim loi M l A. Mg. B. Zn. C. Mn. D. Ag. Cu 33: Ly 2,98 gam hn hp X gm Zn v Fe cho vo 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M, sau khi phn ng hon ton ta c cn (trong iu kin khng c oxi) th c 6,53 gam cht rn. Th tch kh H2 ( ktc) thot ra l A. 0,56 lt. B. 1,12 lt. C. 2,24 lt. D. 4,48 lt. Cu 34: em nung nng m gam Cu(NO3)2 mt thi gian ri dng li, lm ngui v em cn thy khi lng gim 0,54 gam so vi ban u. Khi lng mui Cu(NO3)2 b nhit phn l A. 1,88 gam. B. 0,47 gam. C. 9,40 gam. D. 0,94 gam. Cu 35: Cho 5,615 gam hn hp gm ZnO, Fe2O3, MgO tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M th khi lng mui sunfat thu c l A. 13,815 gam. B. 13,615 gam. C. 15,215 gam. D. 12,615 gam.

P N BI TP T LUYN 1) B 11) A 21) B 31) A 2) C 12) B 22) B 32) B 3) B 13) B 23) D 33) B 4) D 14) A 24) B 34) D 5) A 15) D 25) D 35) B 6) D 16) B 26) A 7) A 17) C 27) C 8) A 18) D 28) A 9) B 19) A 29) A 10) C 20) C 30) D

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