CHNG4:SIMULINK

1.KHINGSIMULINK
1.KhingSinulink:khingSimulinktatheoccbcsau:

khingMATLAB
click vo icon ca Simulink trn MATLAB toolbar hay nh lnh
SimulinktrongcasMATLAB.
LcnytrnmnhnhxuthincasSimulinkLibraryBrowser,trongc
ccthvincckhicaSimulink.

2.Tomtmhnhmi:tomtmhnhmi,clickvoicontrncas
Simulink Library Browser hay chn menu File | New | Model trn ca s
MATLAB.

3.Thayimtmhnhc:TacthclickvoicontrncasSimulink
Library Browser hay chn Open trn ca s MATLAB. File cha m hnh s
mvtacththayiccthngscngnhbnthnmhnh.

2.CHNITNG
1. Chn mt i tng: chn mt i tng, click ln n. Khi ny i
tngscmthnhchnhtcccgclcchtbaoquanh.

2.Chnnhiuitng:Tacthchnnhiuitngcnglcbngcch
dngphmShiftvchuthayvmtngbaoquanhccitngbng
cchbmchutkothnhhnhchnhtvthkhihnhchnhtbao
lyccitngcnchn.

3.Chnttcccitng:chnttcccitngtrongcastachn
menuEdit|SelectAll.

3.CCKHI
1.Cckhi:KhilccphntmSimulinkdngtomhnh.Tac
thmhnhhobtkmththngnghcnobngcchtomilinh
gia cc khi theo cch thch hp. Khi to mt mhnhtacnthyrngcc
khi ca Simulink c 2 loi c bn: khi nhn thy v khi khng nhn thy.
Cckhikhngnhnthycngvaitrquantrngtrongvicmphng
mththng.Nutathmhayloibmt khikhngnhnthyc ta thay
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ithuctnhcamhnh.Cckhinhnthyc,ngcli,khngng
vai tr quan trng trong m hnh ho. Chng ch gip ta xy dng m hnh
mt cch trc quan bng ho. Mt vi khi ca Simulink c th l thy
c trong mt s trng hp v li khng thy c trong mt s trng
hpkhc.Cckhinhvycgilcckhinhnthyciukin.

2. Copy cc khi t mt ca s sang mtcaskhc:Khitaxydngmt

mhnhtathngphicopycckhitthvinkhicaSimulinksangca
smhnh.lmvicnytatheoccbcsau:

mcasthvinkhi
kokhitamundngtcasthvinvocasmhnhvth
TacthcopycckhibngcchdnglnhCopy&Pastetrongmenu
Editquaccbcsau:

chnkhitamuncopy

chnCopytmenuEdit

lmchocascncopytihotng

chnPastetmenuEdit
Simulink gn mt tn cho mi bn copy. Nu n l khi u tin trong m
hnh th tn ca n ging nh trong th vin Simulink. Nu n l bn th 2
hayth3thsaunscchs1hay2v.v.Trncasmhnhcli.
hinthlinytcasMATLABnhvo:
set_param(<modelname>,showgrid,on)
thayikhongcchlinhlnh:
set_param(<modelname>,gridspacing,<numberofpixels>)
Vd:thayilithnh20pixels,nhlnh:
set_param(<modelname>,gridspacing,20)
nhnbnmtkhitagiphmCtrlvkokhitimtvtrkhcvth.

3. M t thng s ca khi: m t thng s ca khi ta dng hp thoi

Block Properties. hin th hp thoi ny ta chn khi v chn Block
Properties t menu Edit. Ta c th nhp p chut ln khi hin th hp
thoiny.HpthoiBlockPropertiesgm:
Description:Mtngngnvmcchcakhi.
Priority: thc hin quyn u tin ca khi so vi cckhikhctrong
mhnh.
Tag:trngvnbnclucngvikhi
Openfunction:cchmMATLABcgikhimkhiny
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Attributesformatstring:Thngsnysmtthngsnochin
thdiiconcakhi.

4. Deleting Blocks: Mun xo mt hay nhiu khi ta chn khi v nhn

phmDel.

5.Thayihngcakhi:Tacthxoayhngcakhibngvomenu
Formatri:
o

chnFlipBlockquaykhi180 .
o

chnRotateBlockquaykhi90 .

6.nhlikchthccakhi:thayikchthccakhitaacon
trchutvomtgccakhiribmvkochonkchthcmongmun
rith.

7.Xltnkhi:Mikhictn,philduynhtvphichatnhtmtk
t.Mcnhtnkhinmdikhi.Vitnkhitacththchinccthao
tcsauy:
Thay i tn khi bng cch bm chut vo tn c vnhplitn
mi. Nu mun thay i font ch dng cho tn khi hy chn khi v vo
menuFormatvchnFont.
Thayivtrttnkhitdilntrnhayngclibngcchko
tnkhitivtrmongmun.
KhngchohinthtnkhibngcchvomenuFormatvchnHide
NameshayShowNames

8. Hin th cc thng s bn di khi: Ta c th bt Simulink hin th mt

haynhiuthngsbndikhi.lmiunytanhpvomtdngvo
trngAttributesformatstringhpthoiBlockProperties.

9.Ctcckhi:ctkhikhistabmphmShiftvkokhinvtr
mi.

10.Nhpvxutccvect:Huhtcckhichpnhnilnguvol
vec t hay v hng v bin i thnh i lng u ra l vec t hay v
hng.Tacthxcnhuvononhnilngvectbngcchchn
mc Wide Vector Lines t menu Format. Khi tu chn ny c chn, cc

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ngnhnvectcvmhnccngmangsliuvhng.Nu
tathyimhnhsaukhichnWideVectorLinestaphicpnhthnhv
bngcchchnUpdateDiagramtmenuEdit.KhingliSimulinkcng
cpnhts.

11.Mrngvhngccuvovccthngs:Mrngvhnglbin
iilngvhngthnhvectvisphntkhngthayi.Simulink
pdngmrngvhngchoccilngvovthngsivihuht
cckhi.

Mrnguvo:khidngkhivinhiuuvotacthtrnln
cc i lng vec t v i lng v hng .Khi ny cc u vo v hng
cmrngthnhvectvisphntnhcauvovect,ccphnt
uctrsnhnhau
Mrngthngs:tacthctccthngsivikhicvect
hothnhilngvecthayilngvhng.Khitactccthngs
vect,mimtphntthngsckthpviphnttngngtrong
vectuvo.Khitactccthngsvect,Simulinkpdngmrngv
hngbinichngthnhvectckchthcphhp.

12. Gn u tin cho khi: Ta c th gn u tin cho khi khng nhn

thytrongmhnh.Khicutincaohncnhgitrckhic
utinnhhn.Tacthgnutinbngcchdnglnhtngtc
haydngchngtrnh.dngchngtrnhtadnglnh:

set_param(b,Priority,n)
Trongblkhivnlmtsnguyn,scngthp,utincngcao.
gnutinbnglnhtanhputinvotrngPrioritytronghp
thoiBlockPrioritiescakhi.

14.SdngDropShadows:TacththmDropShadowvokhichn
bngcchchnShowDropShadowtmenuFormat

4.CCTHVINKHI
Ccthvinchophpngidngcopycckhivomhnhcamnh
t th vin bn ngoi v cp nht t ng cc khi c copy mi khi th
vinngunthayi.
1.Tomtthvin:tomtthvin,chnLibrarytmenuconNewca
menuFile.Simulinkshinthmtcasmi,ctnlLibrary:untitled.
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2.Thayimtthvinc:Khitammtthvin,ntngkhovta
khng th thay i cc thnh phn ca n c. Mun m kho ta chn
UnlocktmenuEdit.

3. Copy mt khi t th vin vo m hnh: Ta c th copy mt khi t th

vinvomhnhbngcopyhaypastehaykonvthvocasmhnh.

5.CCNG
Ccngmangcctnhiu.Mingmangmttnhiuvhng
hay vec t. Mi ng ni cng ra ca mt khi vi cng vo ca mt hay
nhiukhikhc.
1.Vngnigiacckhi:nicngracamtkhivicngvoca
mtkhikhctalmnhsau:

tcontrchutlncngracakhiutin,contrcdngdu+
nhnvgichut
kocontrchutticngvocakhithhai
thchut
vnggpkhc,nhnphmShiftkhiv.

2.Vngnhnh:ngnhnhlngnitmtngcvmang
tnhiucanticngvocamtkhi.
thmngnhnhtalmnhsau:
acontrchuttingcnphnnhnh
nhnphmchutngthinhnphmCtrl
kocontrchutticngvotiptheovthchutvaphmCtrl.
TuynhintacthdngphmphichutthayvdngphmCtrlvphmtri
chut.

3. Chn khi vo mt ng: Ta c th chn mtkhivomtngbng

cch ko v th khi ln ng ni. Khi m ta chn vo ch c mt u
vovmtura.

4.Nhncatnhiu:Tacthgnnhnchotnhiughichchomhnh.
Nhncthnmtrnhaydingninmngang,bnphihaybntri
ngnithngng.

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5.Sdngnhntnhiu:tonhntnhiu,bmpchutlnngni
vghinhn.dichuynnhn,samtnhn,clicklnnhnrinhnhn
misaukhixanhnc

6.GHICH

Ghichlonvnbncungcpthngtinvmhnh.Tacththm
ghichvobtktrngnocamhnh.tomtghich,nhnpchut
vovngtrngcamhnh.Khinytrnmnhnhxuthinmthnhch
nhtcconnhytrong.Tacthnhvnbnghichvokhungny.Khi
mundichuynphnghichnmtvtrkhc,tabmchutvovko
nvtrmirithchut.samtghich,bmchutvonhinth
khungvnbnvbtusa.

7.LMVICVICCLOIDLIU
1.Cckiudliu:Simulinkchpnhncckiudliusau:
double
sthcvichnhxcgpi
single
sthcvichnhxcn
int8
snguyncdu8bit
uint8
snguynkhngdu8bit
int16
snguyncdu16bit
uint16
snguynkhgdu16bit
int32
snguyncdu32bit
uint32
snguynkhngdu32bit

2.Cckiudliucacckhi:Cckhiuchpnhnkiudliudouble.

3.Mtcckiudliudngchothamskhi:Khinhpvothamsca
mtkhi,kiudliucancngidngmtbnglnhtype(value)
vitypeltncakiudliuvvaluelgitrcathams.
Vd:single(1.0)
dliulsthcctrl1

int8(2)

dliulsnguynctrl2

int32(3+2i)
dliulsphc,phnthcvphnolsnguyn
32bit

4.Totnhiuckiudliucmt:Tacthemvomhnhmttn
hiuckiudliucmtbngmttrongccphngphpsauy:

nptnhiuckiudliumongmuntMATLAB
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tomtkhihngvtthngscanckiudliumongmun.

sdngkhibinikiudliu

4.Hinthcckiudliucacng:hinthkiudliucacngtrong
mhnh,tachnPortDataTypestmenuFormat.

8.LMVICVITNHIUPHC

Mcnh,ccgitrcatnhiuSimulinklsthc.Tuynhinccm
hnhcthtovxlcctnhiulsphc.Tacthamttnhiuls
phcvomhnhbngmttrongccphngphpsau:
nptnhiuphctMATLAB
tomtkhihngtrongmhnhvchongitrphc.
tomttnhiuthctngngviphnthcvphnocatnhiu
phc v kt hp cc phn ny thnh tn hiu phc bng cch s dng khi
binitnhiuthcothnhtnhiuphc.
Tacthxltnhiuphcnhcckhichpnhntnhiuphc.Phn
lncckhicaSimulinkchpnhntnhiuvolsphc.

9.TOHTHNGCON

Khimhnhcatalnvphctpthnnnhmmtskhilithnh
hthngcon.Tacthtorahthngconbng2phngphp:
thmmtkhihthngconvomhnhvkhithmcckhi
trong.
thmcckhicntothnhhthngconrinhmchnglithnh
hthngcon.

1.Tomththngconbngcchthmkhihthngcon:tomtkhi
hthngcontrckhithmcckhitrongntaphithmkhihthngcon
vomhnhrithmcckhitonnhthngconnyvokhihthngcon
bngcchsau:

copykhihthngcontthvinSignal&Systemvomhnh
mkhihthngconbngcchclickplnn
trongcaskhiconrng,tohthngcon.Sdngcckhiinport
biudinuvovcckhioutportbiudinura.

2.Tohthngconbngcchnhmcckhic:Numhnhcata
cmtskhimtamunnhmthnhkhihthngconthtacthnhm
76

cckhinythnhkhihthngconbngsau:
bao cc khi v ng ni gia chng bng mt ng t nt(bm
chutvkotgcnyngckiacacckhi)rithchut
chnCreateSubsystemtmenuEdit

3.Gnnhnchocccngcahthngcon:Simulinkgnnhnchocccng
cahthngcon.Nhnltncacckhiinportvoutportnikhihthng
convicckhibnngoiquacccngny.Tacthduccnhnnybng
cch chn khi h thng con ri chn Hide Port Labels t menu Format. Ta
cng c th du mt hay nhiu nhn bng cch chn cc khi inport hay
outport thch hp trong khi h thng con v chn Hide Name t menu
Format

10.MHNHHO

MttrongnhngvnxuthinkhidngSimulinkllmthno
xydngmtmhnhtccphngtrnhhayhthngchocho.Sau
ylmtsvdvcchxydngmhnh.

1.Mhnhhomtphngtrnh:PhngtrnhdngbiniCelcius
thnhFahrenheitl:

TF=(9/5)TC+32
Trchttakhostcckhicntomhnh:
khiramptrongthvinSourcesinputtnhiunhit
khiConstanttrongthvinSourcestohngs32
khiGaintrongthvinMathtorahs9/5
khiSumtrongthvinMathcnghaiilng
khiScopetrongthvinSinkshinthktqu.
Tiptaacckhivocasmhnh,gnccgitrthngschoGain
vConstantbngcchnhpplnchngmkhi.Sautanicckhi.
KhiRampanhitCelciusvmhnh.Mkhinyvthayigitr
khignInitialoutputv0.KhiGainnhnnhitnyvihs9/5.Khi
Sumcnggitr32viktquvaranhitFahrenheit.KhiScope
xemktqu.Smphngnhsau(lutrongct4_1.mdl).BygiStartt
menuSimulationchysimulation.Simulationchy10giy,tngngvi
nhitCelciusbinit0n10o.

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2. M hnh ho mt h phng trnh tuyn tnh: Ta xt h phng trnh
tuyntnhchain:
z 1 + z 2 = 1

z 1 + z 2 = 1

mphngtadngcckhi:
haikhiAlgebricConstrainttrongthvinMathgiiphngtrnh
haikhiSumtrongthvinMathtophptnh
haikhiDisplaytrongthvinSinkhinthgitrnghim
khiConstanttrongthvinSourcestogitr1
Smphngnhsau(lutrongct4_2.mdl):

3.Mphngmtphngtrnhbccao:Taxtphngtrnh:

x2+3x+1=0
mphngtadngcckhi:
khiAlgebricConstrainttrongthvinMathgiiphngtrnh

khiDisplaytrongthvinSinkhinthtrscanghim
khiConstanttrongthvinSourcestogitr1
78

khiSumtrongthvinMathtophpcng
2
khiMathFunctiontrongthvinMathtohmx
khiGaintrongthvinMathtohs3
Smphngnhsau(lutrongct4_3.mdl)

4. M hnh ho h thng lin tc n gin: Ta m hnh ho h m t bi

phngtrnhviphn

x( t ) = 2 x( t ) + u( t )
viu(t)lmtsnghnhchnhtcbinbng1vtns1rad/s.m
phnghtadngcckhi:
khiGaintrongthvinMathtohs2
khiSumtrongthvinMathtophptnh
khiScopetrongthvinSinkxemktqu
khiSignalGeneratortrongthvinSourcestongun
khiIntegratortrongthvinContinuoustchphn
Smphngnhsau(lutrongct4_4.mdl):

79

5.Mhnhhohphngtrnhviphnbccao:Taxthmtbiphng
trnhviphnbchaisau:
d2x
dx
+3
+ 2 x( t ) = 4 u( t)

2
dt
dt
Trongu(t)lhmbcnhy,x(0)=0vx(0)=0.BiniLaplacecah
chota:

p X(p)+3pX(p)+2X(p)=4U(p)
Hmtruyncahl:
4

T( p) = 2
p + 3p + 2

Tamphnghbngccphnt:
khiSteptrongthvinSourcestohmbcnhyu(t)
khiTransferFcntrongthvinContinuoustohmtruyn
khiScopetrongthvinSinkxemktqu
Smphng(lutrongct4_5.mdl)nhsau:

6.Mhnhhohciukinukhckhng:

a.Phngtrnhviphncp1:Taxthmtbiphngtrnh:
dx
+ x( t) = 0

dt
iukinucahlx(0)=1.Tacntmx(t)trongon0t10s.Doiu
kinukhckhngnntabiniphngtrnhvdngkhnggiantrng
thi.
dx = Ax + B

dt
y = Cx + Du

Trongxlbintrngthi,ultnhiuvo,yltnhiura.

Chny(t)=x(t)tac:
dx
= x( t )

dt

y(t)=x(t)
NhvyA=1;C=1;u(t)=0;B=0vD=0.Smphnggmccphn
t:
khiStateSpacetrongthvinContinuous
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khiScopetrongthvinSink
Smphngnhsau:

b.Phngtrnhviphncpcao:Taxthmtbiphngtrnh:

d2x
dx

+
3
+ 2 x( t ) = 4 u( t)
dt 2
dt
Trongu(t)lhmnv,x(0)=1vx(0)=2.
dx

Tacngdnghkhnggiantrngthi.Tatx1=x,x2= 1 .Nhvy
dt
2
dx
d 2 x1 d x
iukinul:x1(0)=1vx2(0)=2.Ngoira 2 =
=

dt
dt
dt
dx 2
+ 3x 2 ( t ) + 2x1 ( t ) = 4u( t )

dt
Phngtrnhcphaicavhaiphngtrnhcp1:
dx1 = x ( t)
2
dt

dx 2
= 3x 2 ( t ) 2x1 ( t ) + 4u( t)

dt

dx 2
dt
Vitdidngmatrntac:
dx1
1 x1 ( t ) 0
dt 0
=

dx 2 2 3 x ( t ) + 4 u( t )
2

dt
x1 ( t )

y( t ) = [1 0 ]

x 2 ( t )
Thnytasuyraccmatrncahkhnggiantrngthil:
1
0
0
=

A=
B

4 C = [1 0] D = 0
2 3

Smphnggmcckhisau:
khiStateSpacetrongthvinContinuous
81

khiScopetrongthvinSink
Smphngnhsau(lutrongct4_7.mdl)

7.Mhnhhahchobiskhi:Xtmthccutrcskhinh
sau:

1
+
k

s2 + s

Tamphnghbngccphnt:
khiSteptrongthvinSources
khiGaintrongthvinMath
khiTransferFcntrongthvinContinuous
Smphngnhsau(lutrongct4_8.mdl)

8.Mhnhhohphituyn:

a.Hchobiphngtrnhviphncpcao:TaxtphngtrnhValder
Pol:

y (1 y 2 )y + y = 0
iukinuy(0)=2vy(0)=0

Taty=y1vy=y2vcchphngtrnhviphncp1:
y1 = y 2

y2 = (1 y 12 ) y 2 y 1
Hphngtrnhcmphngbngccphntsau:
khihmFcntrongthvinFunctions&Tablestohm
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khiProducttrongthvinMathtophpnhn
haikhiIntegratortrongthvinContinous
khiSumtrongthvinMath
khiMuxtrongthvinSignal&Systemstrntnhiu
khiScopetrongthvinSinkxemktqu.
Smphng(lutrongct4_9.mdl)nhsau:

b. H m t bng h phng trnh vi phn: Ta xt h m t bng h

phngtrnhviphnsau:
a1 = a 2

a 2 = sin(a 1 ) 0.2a 2
viiukinula1(0)=a2(0)=1.3
Tamphnghbngccphnt:
haikhiIntegratortrongthvinContinous
khiFcntrongthvinFunctions&Tables
khiGaintrongthvinMath
haikhiScopetrongthvinSink
khiSumtrongthvinMath
Smphng(lutrongct4_10.mdl)nhsau:

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11.LUMHNH

Tacthlumhnhbngcchchn SavehaySaveastmenuFile.Ta
dngSavekhimmhnhc,savluli.Saveasdngkhimhnhcten
luntitlednghalchacttn.Simulinkslumhnhbngmtfile
ctnvphnmrngl.mdl.

12.INSKHI

Tacthinskhibngcchchn Printtmenu File.Khinyhp

thoiPrintsxuthin.Nchophpta:
chinhthnghinhnh

inhthnghinhnhvcchthngdintrongphnlpmhnh
inhthnghinhnhvcchthngtrnntrongphnlpmhnh
inttccchthngtrongmhnh
inmimhnhmtkhungoverlay

13.DUYTQUAMHNH

CasModelBrowserchophpta:
duytquamhnhcphnlp
mcchthngtrongccmhnh
xcnhnidungcckhitrongmtmhnh
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 hin th Model Browser, chn n t menu View. Ca s xut hin

cchialm2phn.PhatrilBrowser.Cutrccycamhnhhinth
bnphi.Midu+tngngvimththngcon.

14.KTTHCSIMULINK
TaktthcchulmvicviSimulinkbngcchngcasSimulink.
KtthcchulmvicviMATLABbngcchngcasMATLAB.

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