K thut trng t sng vng ( chu phi ) t l mt loi qu gia v cng nh loi qu lm rau (t Lt) ph bin trn th gii.

. Cy t trng trong chu c th lm mt loi cy cnh v qu t c nhiu mu sc: trng, , vng, cam, xanh, tm ty theo ging cy. Qu t dng lm gia v, thc phm v cha nhiu vitamin A, vitamin C gp 5 10 ln hai loi sinh t ny c trong c chua v c rt. Nh vy, nhu cu v din tch trng t c chiu hng gia tng. Trng t thng cho thu nhp cao, c bit l t sng vng c nng sut cao, t nhim bnh, c th trng a chung nn bn c gi. Tuy nhin, cn c vn v lao ng u t cao, trn chn t la cn u t ln v phn bn. Thi gian sinh trung ko di c nhiu nguy c v su bnh hi, i hi phi c trnh thm canh cao. 1. Thi v : C th trng quanh nm. 2. Lm t trng: t trng t phi chn ni quang ng, c nhiu nh sng, trc 2 3 v khng trng cc cy h C nh: c chua, c tm, t Sau khi dn t sch, cuc ln mt lp su khong 2 3 tc (cng su cng tt v r t n su 70 80 cm), xo t nh li, nht sch c di v ln lip trng. Mi lip rng khong 1 1,2m, di ty , cao 15 20cm (v ma ma hoc nhng vng t thp c th lm lip cao 50 60 cm trnh ng). Gia hai lip c rnh rng 30cm. Khong cch trng 50 80cm (25.000 cy/ha) 3. Gieo cy con: Do ht ging ca ging cy ny rt nh nn nht thit phi qua giai on vn m sn xut cy con. Sc khe ca cy con ng vai tr quan trng cho s sinh trng, pht trin v to nng sut. Nu c th gieo m tp trung, vi tay ngh cao s to cy con khe, ng u, t su bnh v gim gi thnh (lng ging s dng: 150 200 gr / ha). Vn m : Cn chn t cao ro, thong, khng b che rp. Lip gieo rng ti 0,8 1m, cao 20 30cm (ty ma v v chn t). t v gieo hoc bu gieo ln lip. Mt lip cn bng phng lip khng ng nc, cy hng nh nng, nc ti v dinh dng ng u. t gieo: Trn 1 t + 1 phn chung hoai mc + 0,5 tro tru (nu c). Cho t vo bu hoc v gieo. Ht ging c o bi thuc tr bnh nh Coc 85, Ht vng, Metyl MZ, Ridomyl, Benlate hoc Rovral, trn 1gr ht trong 1ml dung dch thuc (1gr thuc + 400ml nc). Sau , gieo ht vo bu hoc v gieo. Ht gieo su khong 0,5 0,7cm. Sau khi gieo, ph li hoc rm. Ri Basudin, Diaphos 10 H, Sagosuper 3 G tr kin v ti ngay sau khi gieo, sau ti nc gi m mi ngy. Khi ht ny mm, cn g b li hoc rm ngay cy cng cp. Ta nh hnh cy: Cn tin hnh 2 3 ln trong sut giai on vn m, ta nhng bu c 2 cy, dm sang ch khc. Cc ln sau: Ta b cy yu, cy d hnh, di bu gieo xa hn cho cy cng cp, kt hp nh c, bn thc thm nu cy xu.

Rn cy: Trc khi cy 5 7 ngy, gim nc t t, trc khi cy 2 3 ngy ngng ti (ti li khi cy c biu hin ho) r pht trin, cy cng li th khi cy cy t cht. Trc khi cy 2 3 gi, cn ti tht m cho cy ht no nc, ch ro nc th chuyn cy ra rung cy. Nn cy cy lc chiu mt, trnh lm v bu, n cht gc v ti ngay sau khi cy cho cy khng mt sc. Cy con t 5 6 l tht (25 30 ngy) c th em cy. 4. Chm sc: Trng dm: Sau khi cy 7 ngy, kim tra ng rung v dm nhng cy cht vo bui chiu mt, trng xong tui ngay trnh cy b ho. Ti nc: m bo y nc cho cy sinh trng, gi m thng xuyn, trnh qu kh hoc qu t. Bn phn: - Bn lt khi lm t (ha) 30 tn phn chung hoai + 1.500kg vi ( t c nhiu qu)+ 200 kg 20-20-15, nu c mng ph nng nghip. - Bn thc: Chia u s lng phn NPK cn li (800kg) lm 4 6 ln, gia cc ln bn thc hoc thu hoch c th phun thm phn bn l nh Miracle Gro, Yogen Khi tri bt u ln, phun nh k CaCl2 0,4% trn tri, thng/ln. Ta nhnh tri: Khi trng c 20 25 ngy, tin hnh ta b nhng nhnh gc di chng ba ca cy, gip cho cy ra hoa tp trung, d chm sc, to s thng thong cho rung, t bnh. Cm ch: Cy t mang nhiu tri, gp gi mnh d ng, cn cm cy chng , tt nht l 1 cy ch/1 cy t, c th 3 4 cy t cm 1 cy ch. Sau , dng dy nilon en cng tht thng theo hng cy ch cm, cng nhiu tng, tng di cng ngay bn di im phn cnh, buc dy vo thn t cy c th ng vng. 5. Phng tr su bnh - i vi cn trng: Phun nh k 5 7 ngy/ln phng su xanh, ry, rp, rui c tri c th dng Bassa, Oncol, Lannate, Fastac, Sherpa, Confidor,Supracide - i vi bnh: * Bnh cht rp cy con: Ph bin l loi Pythium sp. Pht sinh khi nhit khng kh cao, m t cao. Khng t b ng hoc ma ln ri trc tip xung vn m. Nn x l t trc khi t bu hoc v bng Benlate C, Sun-pht ng 1%. Trc khi a cy con ra rung trng, phi phun thuc tr bnh bng Ridomil, Rovral, Daconil * Bnh thn th hay n tri: y l mt trong nhng bnh gy hi rt nghim trng, gy thi qu hng lot thng

gy hi khi t gi n chn, b nng cng c th b tht thu hon ton. Nm bnh tn ti rt lu trong t, trn cy v trong ht cy bnh, nng dn thng gi nm na l bnh n tri. Bnh rt kh phng tr trong ma ma, v bnh ch xut hin rt tr khi tri chn. Tc nhn: do nm Colletotrichum spp. Triu chng: u tin c vt t trn qu, sau lan rng, bin thnh mu ti thng c vt vng, trung tm vt bnh c mu en. Trong thi tit m, thy c lp bo t nm mu hng cam trn b mt vt bnh. iu kin ly lan v pht trin: Bnh thng gy hi nng trong ma ma, c nhiu sng m, bnh lan truyn do nm tn ti trn tn d cy ca v trc, nhng t trng t quanh nm, bn phn khng cn i. Bin php phng tr: l Khi bnh xut hin th khng ti nc ln cy phng trnh ly lan nhanh l Bn phn cn i l Lun canh cy trng l Hi v tiu hy tri b h l C th phun nga bng mt s thuc: Score 250 EC, Antracol 70 WP, Folan 50 SC, Super Mastercrop 21 AS, Penncozeb 80 WP, Cocman 69 WP, Dithane M-45 80 WP, Topsin M 70 WP 1-2 tun phun 1 ln khi tri cn nh. * Bnh thi t tri do thiu Canxi: Phun nh k 7 10 ngy/ ln khi cy bt u cho tri bng CaCl2, hoc nitrat canxi nng 20 25gr/16 lt. Ch : Canxi trong cy khng chuyn v, nn cn phun ln tri ch khng qua l. 6. Thu hoch: Bt u thu hoch 105 ngy sau khi gieo. Tri non mu trng, xanh hi vng nht, khi tri chuyn qua mu vng (tri gi) v mt phn tri hi cam l c th thu hoch. Tht tri dy, rt cay, thm. Tri di 10 12cm. Nu chm sc tt, nng sut c th t 25 40 tn/ha.