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BY CHUYN TON 12 N THI TH VO I HC

CHUYN 1: KHO ST HM S

I . Bi tp ra thi cc nm Bi 1: thi ai hoc khi A - 2006: 1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s y= 2x3 2+12x 4. 9x 2. Tm m phng trnh sau c 6 nghim phn bit: 2|x|3 - 9x2 +12 |x| = m. Bai 2: thi ai hoc khi D - 2006: Cho hm s y = x3 - 3x+2. 1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s cho. 2. Gi d l ng thng i qua im A(3; 20) v c h s gc l m. Tm m ng thng d ct th (C) ti 3 im phn bit. Bai 3: thi ai hoc khi B - 2007: Cho hm s: y = x3 + 3x2+3(m2 - 1)x 2 - 1 (1), m l tham s. 3m 1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1) khi m = 1. 2. Tm m hm s (1) c cc i, cc tiu v cc im cc tr ca th hm s (1) cch u gc ta O. Bai 4: thi ai hoc khi D - 2007: Cho hm s y =

1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s cho. 2. Tm ta im M thuc (C), bit tip tuyn ca (C) ti M ct hai trc Ox, Oy ti A, B v tam gic OAB c din tch bng

2x x +1

1 . 4

Bai 5: thi ai hoc khi B - 2008: Cho hm s y = 4x3 6x2 + 1 (1). 1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1). 2. Vit phng tr.nh tip tuyn ca th hm s (1), bit rng tip tuyn i qua im M(1; 9). Bai 6: thi ai hoc khi D - 2008: 3 2 Cho hm s y = x 3x + 4 ( 1) 1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1). 2. Chng minh rng mi ng thng i qua im I(1; 2) vi h s gc k (k > u ct 3) th ca hm s (1) ti ba im phn bit I, A, B ng thi I l trung im ca on thng AB. Bai 7: thi ai hoc khi A - 2009: Cho hm s y =

1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1). 2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s (1), bit tip tuyn ct trc honh, trc tung ln lt ti hai im phn bit A, B v tam gic OAB cn ti gc to . Bai 8: thi ai hoc khi B - 2009: Cho hm s y = 2x4 4x2 (1).
1

x+2 2x + 3

(1).

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1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1). 2. Vi cc gi tr no ca phng trnh x2|x2 2| = m c ng 6 nghim thc phn bit ? Bai 9: thi ai hoc khi D - 2009: Cho hm s y = x4 (3m + 2)x2 + 3m c th (Cm), m l l tham s. 1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s cho khi m = 0 2. Tm m ng thng y = -1 ct th (Cm) ti 4 im phn bit u c honh nh hn 2. Bai 10: thi ai hoc khi A - 2010: Cho hm s y = x3 2x2 + (1 m)x + m (1), m l s thc Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s khi m = 1. Tm m th ca hm s (1) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit c honh x1, x2, x3 tha mn iu kin : x12 + x 2 + x3 < 4 2 2 II. Bi tp ra thm : Bi 1: Cho hm s

f ( x) = x 4 + 2(m 2) x 2 + m 2 5m+ 5
2x + 1 c th l (C). x+2

(Cm)

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s vi m = 1 2) Tm m (Cm) c cc im cc i, cc tiu to thnh 1 tam gic vung cn Bi 2: Cho hm s y =

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s. 2) Chng minh ng thng d: y = x + m lun lun ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B. Tm m on AB c di nh nht. Bi 3: Cho hm s y = x3 + (1 2m)x2 + (2 m)x + m + 2 (m l tham s) (1) 1) Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1) khi m = 2. 2) Tm cc gi tr ca m th hm s (1) c im cc i, im cc tiu, ng thi honh ca im cc tiu nh hn 1. Bi 4: Cho hm s

y = x 3 3m 2x + 2m

(Cm).

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s khi m = 1 . 2) Tm m (Cm) v trc honh c ng 2 im chung phn bit. Bi 5: Cho hm s
y=

x + 3m 1 ( 2 + m ) x + 4m c

th l (Cm) (m l tham s)

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s khi m = 0. 2) Xc nh m sao cho ng thng (d): y = x + m ct th (C) ti hai im A, B sao cho di on AB l ngn nht. Bi 6: Cho hm s

y=

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s. 2) Tm cc im M thuc th (C) sao cho tng cc khong cch t M n hai tim cn
2

2x 1 x +1

(C)

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ca (C) l nh nht. Bi 7: Cho hm s y =

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s. 2) Tm m ng thng d: y = x + m ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho OAB vung ti O. Bi 8: Cho hm s

2x 1 (C) x 1

y = x3 x .

1) Kho st s bin thin v th (C) ca hm s. 2) Da v th (C) bin lun s nghim ca phng trnh: x3 x = m3 m Bi 9: Cho hm s

y=

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s. 2) Chng minh rng vi mi gi tr thc ca m, ng thng (d) y = x + m lun ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B. Tm gi tr nh nht ca on AB. Bi 10: Cho hm s

x2 . x 1

y = x 4 5x 2 + 4,

c th (C) c 6 nghim.

1) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C). 2) Tm m phng trnh

| x 4 5 x 2 + 4 |= log 2 m

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CHUYN 2:
Bi 1: Gii cc phng trnh sau: a) 2 x x 22 + x x = 3
2 2

PHNG TRNH M LGARIT

(KHI D 2003) (KHI A 2006) (KHI A 2007) (KHI B 2007)

b) 3.8x + 4.12x 18x 2.27x = 0 c) 2 x + x 4.2 x x 2 2 x + 4 = 0 d) ( 2 1) x + ( 2 + 1) x 2 2 = 0

2 2

x x e) log 2 (4 + 15.2 + 27) + 2 log 2 (

1 = 0 ( D - 2007) 4.2 x 3)
( A - 2008)

f)

g)

( D - 2010)

h) Bi 2. Gii cc bt phng trnh: x a) log x (log 3 (9 72)) 1 b) log 5 (4 x + 144) 4 log 5 2 1 + log 5 (2 x 2 + 1) c)
2 log 3 ( 4 x 3) + log 1 (2 x + 3) 2
3

( D - 2011)

(KHI B 2002) (KHI B 2006) (KHI A 2007)

x2 + x d) log0,7 log6 < 0 ( B - 2008) x+ 4 x 2 3x + 2 0 . ( D - 2008) e) log 1 x 2

BI TP THM: Bi 1. Gii phng trnh: 3.8x 1 + 4.12x 1 18x 1 12.27x 1 = 0 Bi 2. Gii phng trnh:
3x 8 2 3x 2
1 x 1 x + +

1 x 3 2 x1 = 4 2

Bi 3. Gii cc phng trnh:

5 a) 3 3
c)
2

1+ x+1 x

3 + 5 5

8= 0

b) 34x + 8 4.32x + 5 + 27 = 0
2 2 d) 9 x +2x+1 34.15 xx + 25 x x
2 2 2

22x + 2x + 2x 1 24x1 = 0

+ 1

=0

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CHUYN 3 : TCH PHN

PHN 1: CC THI I HC Bi 1:( thi khi A) Tnh cc tch phn:
2 3

a)

1 x x2 + 4
2

dx ( thi i hc khi A- 2003). KQ:

1 5 ln 4 3

b) c)

x
0
2

x dx ( thi i hc khi D- 2003) . KQ: 1

( thi i hc khi A- 2004). KQ:

x 1 + x 1dx 1
2
0

11 4ln 2 3

d)

sin 2 x + sin x 1 + 3 cos x

2
0

dx ( thi i hc khi A 2005). KQ:

34 27
2 3
3 2ln 2 16 8 15 4 1 1 1 + 2e + ln 3 2 3

e)

I =
6

sin 2 x cos 2 x + 4sin 2 x

dx

( A 2006). KQ:

f)

tan 4 x cos 2 x 0
2
0

(A 2008). KQ:

g)

(cos x 1) cos xdx

3 2

( A 2009). KQ: ( A 2010). KQ

x 2 + e x + 2x 2 e x dx h) I = 1 + 2e x 0
k)

Bi 2:( thi khi B) Tnh cc tch phn: a) I=

4

x sin x + ( x + 1) cos x I = dx x sin x + cos x 0

1 2 sin 2 x 1 + sin 2 x dx 0

2 + ln + 1 ( A 2011). KQ: 4 2 4

( thi i hc khi B 2003). KQ:

1 ln 2 2

b) I=

1 + 3 ln x ln x dx x

( B- 2004). KQ:

116 135

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c)

sin 2 x cos x 1 + cos x dx 0

ln 5

(B 2005). KQ: 2ln2 1

d)

e)

f)

sin( x )dx 4 sin 2 x + 2(1 + sin x + cos x) 0 3 3 + ln x ( x + 1) 2 dx 1

e 1

dx x x 3 ln 3 e + 2e

( B 2006). KQ: ln

3 2
43 2 4 3 (1 + ln 3) ln 2 4 1 3 3 2

( B 2008). KQ:

(B 2009). KQ:

g) I = h)

ln x dx x(2 + ln x) 2

( B 2010). KQ + ln (B 2011) KQ:

1 + x sin x I = dx 2 cos x 0

3+

2 + ln(2 3) 3

Bi 3:( thi khi D) Tnh cc tch phn a)

ln( x
2

x)dx

( thi i hc khi D- 2004). KQ: 3ln3 -2

b)

2
0 1

(e
e

sin x

+ cos x) cos xdx

2x

( thi i hc khi D 2005). KQ: e +

1 4

c)

( x 2)e
0
3 2

5 3e 2 dx ( thi i hc khi D 2006). KQ 4

5e 4 1 d) x ln xdx ( thi i hc khi D 2007). KQ: 32 0

ln x 3 2ln 2 dx ( thi i hc khi D 2008). KQ: x3 16 1 3 1 f) x dx ( thi i hc khi D 2009). KQ: 2 + ln(e2 + e + 1) e 1 1 e 3 e 1 g) I = 2 x ln xdx ( thi i hc khi D 2010). KQ: 2 x 1 4 4x 1 I = dx ( thi i hc khi D 2011). KQ: 34 + 10ln 3 h) 3 5 0 2x + 1 + 2
2

e)

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PHN 2: BI TP Bi 1: Tnh cc tch phn

ln(5 x) + x3 . 5 x dx 1. x2 1
3

2. I = cos 2 x sin 4 x + cos 4 x dx

0

3. A =

1 2

dx x 1 x
2

4.

x
0

1 + x 2 dx
3

Bi 2: Tnh cc tch phn: 1

sin x 2 (1 + e ) cos xdx 0 ln 2 1

2.

2
0

1+ sin x

cos xdx
2

3.
1

e cos x .sin x 1 e 2 cos x dx 0

1 e 2 x + 3e x dx 5. (4 x + e 2 x + x )e 2 x +1dx 4. 2 x x e + 3e + 2 0 0
2

6.

cos( x + ).e sinx + cos x dx 4 0

Bi 3: Tnh cc tch phn:

e3

1.

1 9

ln x dx x 1 + ln x

2.

1 x(1 ln 2 x) dx 1
3
0

1 e

3.

ln x 1 (1 + ln x) x dx e
e3

ln(1 + x ) dx 4. x+ x 1

5.

tan x ln(cos x )dx

6.

2 ln x x ln x dx e

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CHUYN 4 : PHNG TRNH LNG GIC PHN 1: MT S THI CC NM Bi 1: ( thi i hc khi B - 2002) Giai phng trnh: sin 2 3 x cos 2 4 x = sin 2 5 x cos 2 6 x Bi 2: ( thi i hc khi D - 2002) Giai phng trnh: cos3x - 4cos2x +3cosx - 4 = 0 trn oan [0, 14]. Bi 3 ( thi i hc khi A - 2003) cos 2 x 1 + sin 2 x sin 2 x Giai phng trnh: cot gx 1 = 1 + tgx 2 Bi 4: ( thi i hc khi B - 2003) Giai phng trnh:

cot gx tgx + 4 sin 2 x =

2 sin 2 x

Bi 5: ( thi i hc khi D - 2003) Giai phng trnh

x x sin 2 ( )tg 2 x cos 2 = 0 2 4 2

Bi 6: ( thi i hc khi B - 2004) Giai phng trnh: 5 sin x 2 = 3(1 sin x)tg 2 x Bi 7: ( thi i hc khi B - 2004) Giai phng trnh: ( 2 cos x 1)( 2 sin x + cos x) = sin 2 x sin x Bi 8: ( thi i hc khi A - 2005) Giai phng trnh: cos 2 3 x cos 2 x cos 2 x = 0 Bi 9: ( thi i hc khi B - 2005) Giai phng trnh: 1 + sin x + cos x + sin 2 x + cos 2 x = 0 Bi 10: ( thi i hc khi D - 2005) 3 4 4 Gii phng trnh: cos x + sin x + cos( x ) sin 3x = 0 4 4 2 Bi 11: ( thi i hc khi A - 2006) Giai phng trnh: cos x + cos 3 x = sin 4 x Bi 12: ( thi i hc khi B - 2006) Giai phng trnh: cot gx + sin x(1 + tgx.tg

x )=4 2

Bi 13: ( thi i hc khi D - 2006) Giai phng trnh: cos3x + cos2x - cosx - 1 = 0 Bi 14: ( thi i hc khi B - 2007) Giai phng trnh: (1+ sin2x)cosx + (1 + cos2x)sinx = 1+ sin2x Bi 15 ( thi i hc khi B - 2007) Giai phng trnh: 2sin22x + sin7x = sinx

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CHUYN 5:

HNH HC KHNG GIAN

Bi 1. (A 2007) Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y l hnh vung cnh a, mt bn SAD l tam gic u v nm trong mt phng vung gc vi y. Gi M, N, P ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh SB, BC, CD. Chng minh AM vung gc vi BP v tnh th tch ca khi t din CMNP. Bi 2. Cho hnh chp t gic u S.ABCD c y l hnh vung cnh a. Gi E l im i xng ca D qua trung im ca SA, M l trung im ca AE, N l trung im ca BC. Chng minh MN vung gc vi BD v tnh (theo a) khong cch gia hai ng thng MN v AC. Bi 3. (D 2007) Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y l hnh thang, gc ABC = BAD = 900 , BA = BC = a, AD = 2a. Cnh bn SA vung gc vi y v SA = a a . Gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca A trn SB. Chng minh tam gic SCD vung v tnh (theo a) khong cch t H n mt phng (SCD). Bi 4. (A 2008) Cho lng tr ABC.A'B'C' c di cnh bn bng 2a, y ABC l tam gic vung ti A, AB = a, AC = a 3 v hnh chiu vung gc ca nh A' trn mt phng (ABC) l trung im ca cnh BC. Tnh theo a th tch khi chp A'.ABC v tnh cosin ca gc gia hai ng thng AA', B'C'. Bi 5. (B 2008) Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung cnh 2a, SA = a, SB = a 3 vmt phng (SAB) vung gc vi mt phng y. Gi M, N ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh AB, BC. Tnh theo a th tch ca khi chp S.BMDN v tnh cosin ca gc gia haing thng SM, DN. Bi 6. (D 2008) Cho lng tr ng ABC.A'B'C' c y ABC l tam gic vung, AB = BC = a, cnh bn AA' = a 2 . Gi M l trung im ca cnh BC. Tnh theo a th tch ca khi lng tr ABC.A'B'C' v khong cch gia hai ng thng AM, B'C Bi 7. (A 2009) Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh thang vung ti A v D, AB = AD = 2a, ;CD = a gc gia hai mt phng v (SBC) v (ABCD) bng 600. Gi l trung im ca cnh AD. Bit hai mt phng (SBI) v (SCI) cng vung gc vi mt phng (ABCD), tnh th tch khi chp SABCD. Bi 8. (B 2009) Cho hnh lng tr tam gic ABC.ABC c BB = a, gc gia ng thng BB v mt phng bng tam gic (ABC) bng 600, tam gic ABC vung ti v C v gc BAC=600. Hnh chiu vung gc ca im 'B ln mt phng ()ABC trng vi trng tm ca tam gic ABC. Tnh th tch khi t din AABC theo a. Bi 9. (D 2009) Cho hnh lng tr ng ABC.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung ti B, AB = a, AA = 2a, AC = 3a. Gi M l trung im ca on thng AC, I l giao im ca AM v AC. Tnh theo a th tch khi t din IABC v khong cch t im A n mt phng ( IBC). Bi 10. (A 2010) Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung cnh a. Gi M v N ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh AB v AD; H l giao im ca CN v DM. Bit SH vung gc vi mt phng (ABCD) v SH = a 3 . Tnh th tch khi chp S.CDNM v khong cch gia hai ng thng DM v SC theo a. BI 11 ( B - 2010) Cho hnh lng tr tam gic u ABC.ABC c AB = a, gc gia hai mt phng (ABC) v (ABC) bng 600. Gi G l trng tm tam gic ABC. Tnh th tch khi lng tr cho v tnh bn knh mt cu ngoi tip t din GABC theo a. BI 12 ( D - 2010) Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung cnh a, cnh bn SA = a, hnh chiu vung gc ca nh S trn mt phng (ABCD) l im H thuc on
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T Ton Trng THPT Quang Trung N THI I HC AC AC, AH = . Gi CM l ng cao ca tam gic SAC. Chng minh M l trung im ca 4

SA v tnh th tch khi t din SMBC theo a. Bi 13 ( A - 2011) Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung cn ti B, AB = BC = 2a; hai mt phng (SAB) v (SAC) cng vung gc vi mt phng (ABC). Gi M l trung im ca AB; mt phng qua SM v song song vi BC, ct AC ti N. Bit gc gia hai mt phng (SBC) v (ABC) bng 600. Tnh th tch khi chp S.BCNM v khong cch gia hai ng thng AB v SN theo a. Chuyn 6 HNH HC GII TCH TRONG MT PHNG

A.Cc kin thc c bn

PHNG PHP TA TRONG MT PHNG TA IM TA VECT I.H ta Cc trong mt phng xOx: trc honh yOy: trc tung O:Gc ta rr i, j l 2 vect n v
r r i = j =1 r r rr i j i. j = 0 y

r j

O x

r i

Mt phng m trn c chn h trc ta Cc vung gc Oxy c gi l mt phng Oxy k hiu : mp(Oxy). II.Ta ca im,ta ca vect
u ur uu r r M ( x; y ) OM = x.i + y. j r r r r a ( x1 ; y1 ) a = x.i + y. j

III.Cc cng thc v ta im v ta vect nh l 1 : Nuu u A;yA),B(xB;yB) A(x ur Th AB( xB xA ; yB y A ) r r b(b1 ; b2 ) th nh l 2 : Nu a(a1 ; a2 ),

10

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nh l 3 :Hai vect cng r r phng r r (b 0) Cho hai vect a, b

r a cp r r r b !k R : a = k .b a1 .b2 a2 .b1 = 0 uu ur cp uu ur AC

nh l 4 : 3 im A,B,C thng hng AB III.Tch v hng ca hai vect

a. Cng thc tnh tch v hng theo ta a(a1 ; a2 ; a3 ),

r b(b1 ; b2 ; b3 )

b. di vect :

c. Khong cch gia 2 im AB

d.iu kin vung gc

e. Cng thc gc gia hai vect

IV.Chia on thng theo t s k cho trc uu ur uu ur Nu M chia AB theo t s k cho trc (k khc 1) th : MA = k .MB Khi :

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c bit : M l trung im AB (k=-1)

V.Mt s iu kin xc nh im trong tam gic

VI.Mt s kin thc khc 1.Tnh din tch tam gic theo ta 3 nh AB(a1 ; a2 ), AC ( b1 ; b2 )
uu ur uu ur

2.Cc bt ng thc vect c bn :Cho 2 vect u, v bt k

r r

Du bng xy ra khi u, v l 2 vect cng phng cng chiu hoc c 1 trong hai vect l 0

r r

12

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NG THNG TRONG MT PHNG TA

I.Vect ch phng, vect php tuyn ca mt phng

*Ch :

II.Phng trnh ng thng 1.Phng trnh tham s v phng trnh chnh tc ca ng thng r Trong mp(Oxy) .ng thng i qua im M0(x0;y0),nhn a (a1;a2) lm vect ch phng Phng trnh tham s l :

Phng trnh chnh tc l :

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2.Phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng r a.Trong mp(Oxy) .ng thng i qua im M0(x0;y0),nhn n (A;B) lm vect php tuyn c phng trnh l :

3.Cc dng khc ca phng trnh ng thng a.Phng trnh ng thng i qua hai im A,B

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III.V tr tng i ca hai ng thng

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IV.Gc gia hai ng thng

V.Khong cch t mt im n mt ng thng

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NG TRN TRONG MT PHNG TA

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NG ELIP TRONG MT PHNG TA

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B. Bi tp Phn 1 : Phng trnh ng thng Cu 1: Cho tam gic ABC .im M l trung im AB .ng trung tuyn v ng cao k t A ln lt c phng trnh : 7x-2y-3=0 v 6x-y-4=0 . Vit phng trnh ng thng AC. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi D nm 2009 ) Cu 2 :Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c I(6;2) l giao im ca hai ng cho AC,DB .im M(1;5) thuc ng thng AB. Trung im E ca cnh CD nm trn ng thng x+y-5=0.Vit phng trnh cnh AB. Cu 3 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c nh A(6;6); ng thng i qua trung im ca cc cnh AB v AC c phng trnh x + y 4 = 0 . Tm ta cc nh B v C bit im E(1;-3) nm trn ng cao i qua nh C ca tam gic cho (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi A nm 2010) Cu 4 : Trong mt phng toa Oxy, cho im A(0;2) va la ng thng i qua O. Goi H la hinh chiu vung goc cua A trn . Vit phng trinh ng thng , bit khoang cach t H n truc hoanh bng AH. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi D nm 2010) Cu 5 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, c nh C(-4; 1), phn gic trong gc A c phng trnh x + y 5 = 0. Vit phng trnh ng thng BC, bit din tch tam gic ABC bng 24 v nh A c honh dng (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi B nm 2010) Cu 6 Cho hai ng thng d1 : x-y = 0 v d 2 :2x+y-1 = 0. Tm to cc nh hnh vung ABCD bit rng nh A thuc d1 , nh C thuc d 2 v cc nh B, D thuc trc honh. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi A nm 2005)
Cu 7: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c tm I ;0 , phng trnh ng thng 1 2

AB l x -2y+2 = 0 v AB = 2AD. Tm to cc nh A, B, C, D bit rng nh A c honh m. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi B nm 2002) Cu 8 :Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy bit A(4;-1),phng trnh ng cao,ng trung tuyn v t cng mt nh ln lt l 2x-3y+12=0 v 2x+3y=0 .Vit phng trnh cc cnh ca tam gic. Cu 9: Trong mp(Oxy) cho 2 im A(1;2),B(5;-1).Vit phng trnh ng thng qua im (3;5) v cch u A,B. Cu 10: Trong mp(Oxy) cho M(1;2) .Vit phng trnh ng thng qua M sao cho tam gic OAB l tam gic vung cn,bit A,B ln lt l giao im ca ng thng vi trc honh, trc tung. Cu 11 : . Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho im A(1; 0) v ng trn (C) : x 2 + y2 2x + 4y 5 = 0. Vit phng trnh ng thng ct (C) ti im M v N sao cho tam gic AMN vung cn ti A.
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Cu 12 :Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy,cho hnh ch nht ABCD c im I(6;2) l giao im ca hai ng cho AC v BD.im M(1;5) thuc ng thng AB v trung im E ca CD thuc ng thng :x+y-5=0.Vit phng trnh ng thng AB. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi A nm 2009) Cu 13 : Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy ,cho tam gic ABC c M(2;0) l trung im ca cnh AB.ng trung tuyn v ng cao qua nh A ln lt c phng trnh 7x-2y-3=0 v 6x-y-4=0.Vit phng trnh ng thng AC.

Phn 2 : Phng trnh ng trn Cu 1: Cho hai im A(2; 0) v B(6; 4). Vit PT ng trn (C) tip xc vi trc honh ti im A v khong cch t tm ca (C) n im B bng 5. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi B nm 2005)
x2 y2 + = 1 . Gi F1 v 3 ) v elip (E): 3 2

Cu 2 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy , cho im A(2;

F2 l cc tiu im ca (E) (F1 c honh m); M l giao im c tung dng ca ng thng AF1 vi (E); N l im i xng ca F2 qua M. Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ANF2. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi B nm 2010) Cu 3 : Trong mt phng toa Oxy, cho tam giac ABC co inh A(3;-7), trc tm la H(3;-1), tm ng tron ngoai tip la I(-2;0). Xac inh toa inh C, bit C co hoanh dng (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi D nm 2010) Cu 4 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy , cho hai ng thng d1: 3x + y = 0 v d2: 3x y = 0 . Gi (T) l ng trn tip xc vi d1 ti A, ct d2 ti hai im B v C sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti B. Vit phng trnh ca (T), bit tam gic ABC c din tch bng c honh dng (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi A nm 2010) Cu 5 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho ng thng V : x+ y + 2 = 0 v ng trn (C): x2 + y2 4x 2y = 0. Gi I l tm ca (C), M l im thuc V . Qua M k cc ng tip tuyn MA, MB n (C) ( A, B l cc tip im). Tm ta im M, bit t gic MAIB c din tch bng 10. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi A nm 2011) Cu 6 :Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy,cho ng trn (C) : (x-2) 2+y2=4/5 v hai ng thng 1:x-y=0, 2:x-7y=0.Xc nh ta tm K v tnh bn knh ca ng trn (C1);Bit ng trn (C1) tip xc vi cc ng thng 1, 2v tm K thuc ng trn (C)
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Phn 3 :

ng Elip trong mt phng ta

x2 y2 + = 1 . Gi F1 v F2 3 ) v elip (E): 3 2

Cu 1: Trong mt phng ta Oxy , cho im A(2;

l cc tiu im ca (E) (F1 c honh m); M l giao im c tung dng ca ng thng AF1 vi (E); N l im i xng ca F2 qua M. Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ANF2. Cu 2 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho elip (E) : x2/4 + y2/1 = 1. Tm ta cc im A v B thuc (E), c honh dng sao cho tam gic OAB cn ti O v c din tch ln nht.
x2 y 2 Cu 3: Trong mt phng Oxy cho elip (E): + = 1 v ng thng :3x + 4y =12. T 4 3 im M bt k trn k ti (E) cc tip tuyn MA, MB. Chng minh rng ng thng AB

lun i qua mt im c nh. Phn 4 : Bi tp tng hp Cu 1 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho ng thng V : x+ y + 2 = 0 v ng trn (C): x2 + y2 4x 2y = 0. Gi I l tm ca (C), M l im thuc V . Qua M k cc ng tip tuyn MA, MB n (C) ( A, B l cc tip im). Tm ta im M, bit t gic MAIB c din tch bng 10 Cu 2 : Trong mt phng toa Oxy, cho hai ng thng : x y 4 = 0 v d : 2x y 2 = 0. Tm ta im N thuc ng thng d sao cho ng thng ON ct ng thng ti im M tha mn OM.ON = 8. Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho tam gic ABC c nh B ;1 . ng trn 2 ni tip tam gic ABC tip xc vi cc cnh BC, CA, AB tng ng ti cc im D, E, F. Cho D (3; 1) v ng thng EF c phng trnh y 3 = 0. Tm ta nh A, bit A c tung dng. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi B nm 2011) Cu 3 : Cu 4 : Trong mt phng ta Oxy, cho tam gic ABC c nh B(-4; 1), trng tm G(1; 1) v ng thng cha phn gic trong ca gc A c phng trnh x y 1 = 0. Tm ta cc nh A v C
C (3; 1)

Cu 5 :Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy,cho ng trn (C):x 2+y2+4x+4y+6=0 v ng thng :x+my-2m+3=0,vi m l tham s thc.Gi I l tm ca ng trn (C). Tm m ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A,B sao cho din tch tam gic IAB ln nht. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi A nm 2009) Cu 6:Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy,cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c nh A(-1;4) v cc nh B,C thuc ng thng :x-y-4=0.Xc nh ta cc im B v C , bit din tch tam gic ABC bng 18 . Cu 7 :Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng trn (C) : x2 + y2 = 1. ng trn (C') tm I (2,2) ct (C) ti cc im A, B sao cho AB = 2 . Vit phng trnh ng thng AB.
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Chuyn 7 PHNG PHP TA TRONG KHNG GIAN

Phn 1 : Phng php ta trong khng gian

Cu 1:. Cho hnh chp tam gic u S.ABC c di cnh y l a. Gi M, N l trung im SB, SC. Tnh theo a din tch AMN, bit (AMN) vung gc vi (SBC). (Trch thi i hc khi A 2002) Cu 2: Cho t din OABC c y OBC l tam gic vung ti O, OB=a, OC= a 3 , (a>0) v ng cao OA= a 3 . Gi M l trung im ca cnh BC. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng AB v OM. Cu 3: Cho hnh lp phng ABCD A'B'C'D' cnh a. Chng minh rng AC' vung gc vi mt phng (A'BD). Cu 4 : Cho lng tr ABC.A'B'C' cc cc mt bn u l hnh vung cnh a. Gi D, F ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh BC, C'B'. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng A'B v B'C'. Cu 5 : T din ABCD c AB, AC, AD i mt vung gc vi nhau, AB = 3, AC=AD=4. Tnh khong cch t A ti mt phng (BCD) Cu 6 : Cho hnh chp SABC c di cc cnh bng 1, O l trng tm ca tam gic ABC. I l trung im ca SO. 1. Mt phng (BIC) ct SA ti M. Tm t l th tch ca t din SBCM v t din SABC. 2. H l chn ng vung gc h t I xung cnh SB. Chng minh rng IH qua trng tm G ca SAC. Cu 7 : Cho hnh chp O.ABC c OA = a, OB = b, OC = c i mt vung gc. im M c nh thuc tam gic ABC c khong cch ln lt n cc mt phng (OBC), (OCA), (OAB) l 1, 2, 3. Tnh a, b, c th tch O.ABC nh nht. Cu 8: Cho hnh lng tr ABC. A1B1C1 c y l tam gic cnh a. AA1 = 2a v vung gc vi mt phng (ABC). Gi D l trung im ca BB1; M di ng trn cnh AA1. Tm gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca din tch tam gic MC1D.

Phn 2 : Phng trnh mt phng Cu 1 : Trong khng gian ta Oxyz, cho cc im A (1; 0; 0), B (0; b; 0), C (0; 0; c), trong b, c dng v mt phng (P): y z + 1 = 0. Xc nh b v c, bit mt phng (ABC) vung gc vi mt phng (P) v khong cch t im O n mt phng (ABC) bng
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(Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi B nm 2010) Cu 2 : Trong khng gian toa Oxyz, cho hai mt phng (P): x + y + z 3 = 0 va (Q): x y + z 1 = 0. Vit phng trinh mt phng (R) vung goc vi (P) va (Q) sao cho khoang cach t O n (R) bng 2. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi D nm 2010) Cu 3 : Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz, cho 2 im A(2;0;1), B(0; -2; 3)v mt phng (P) : 2x y z + 4= 0. Tm ta im M thuc (P) sao cho MA = MB = 3. (Trch thi tuyn sinh vo i hc khi A nm 2011) Cu 4: Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz,cho t din ABCD c cc nh A(1;2;1), B(-2;1;3) ,C(2;-1;1) v D(0;3;1).Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua A,B sao cho khong cch t C n (P) bng khong cch t D n (P) Cu 5 : Trong khng gian vi h trc to Oxyz cho ba im A(1; 3; 2), B(1; 2; 1) , C(1; 1; 3). Hy tm im M thuc mt phng(ABC) sao cho MA 2 + MB 2 + MC 2 nh nht. Cu 6 : Cho 2 im A(1 ; 1 ; 1), B(3 ; 1 ; -1) v mt phng (P) c phng trnh: x + y - z - 2 =0 Tm trn mt phng (P) im M sao cho MAB l tam gic u. Cu 7 : Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz cho mt cu (S) c phng trnh x2 + y2 + z2 2x + 4y 6z 11= 0 v mt phng () c phng trnh 2x + 2y z + 17 = 0. Vit phng trnh mt phng () song song vi () v ct (S) theo giao tuyn l ng trn c chu vi bng 6. Cu 8 : Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz cho mt cu ( S ) : x 2 + y 2 + z 2 2 x + 6 y 4 z 11 = 0 v im I ( 1; 2;3) . Chng minh im I nm bn trong mt cu (S). Vit phng trnh ca mt phng (P) i qua im I ng thi mt phng (P) ct mt cu (S) theo giao tuyn l ng trn tm I. Cu 9: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai im A (-1;3;-2), B (-3,7,-18) v mt phng (P): 2x - y + z + 1 = 0 . Vit phng trnh mt phng cha AB v vung gc vi mp (P). Cu 10: Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz, cho ba im A(0;1;2), B(2; 2;1), C( 2;0;1). Vit phng trnh mt phng i qua ba im A, B, C. (Khi B-2008) Cu 11:Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz, cho t dim ABCD c cc nh A(1;2;1), B( 2;1;3), C(2; 1;1) v D(0;3;1). Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua A, B sao cho khong cch t C n (P) bng khong cch t D n (P). Cu 12 : Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz, cho mt cu (S): x2+y2+z2 2x+4y+2z 3=0 v mt phng (P): 2x y+2z 14=0.
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Vit phng trnh mt phng (Q) cha trc Ox v ct (S) theo mt ng trn c bn knh bng 3 (Khi B_2007)

Phn 3 : Mt cu - mt phng Cu 1: Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz, cho mt cu x2 + y2 + z2 4x 4y 4z = 0 v im A(4;4;0). Vit phng trnh mt phng (OAB), bit B thuc (S) v tam gic OAB u. Cu 2 : Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz, cho hai mt phng ( P ) : x + 2 y 2z + 5 = 0; ( Q ) : x + 2 y 2z -13 = 0. Vit phng trnh ca mt cu (S) i qua gc ta O, qua im A(5;2;1) v tip xc vi c hai mt phng (P) v (Q). Cu 3: Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz cho mt cu (S) c phng trnh x2 + y2 + z2 2x + 4y 6z 11= 0 v mt phng () c phng trnh 2x + 2y -z + 17 = 0. Vit phng trnh mt phng () song song vi () v ct (S) theo giao tuyn l ng trn c chu vi bng 6. Cu 4 : Trong khng gian Oxyz cho 2 im A( ; 2; 2), B(3 ; 2; 0) v mt phng () c 1 phng trnh 2x 2y z + 1 = 0.
a) Vit phng trnh mt phng () i qua 2 im A, B v vung gc vi (); b) Gi d l giao tuyn ca () v (). Vit phng trnh mt cu c tm thuc d v i qua

2 im A, B. Cu 5 : Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz, cho hai mt phng ( P ) : x + 2 y 2z + 5 = 0; ( Q ) : x + 2 y 2z -13 = 0. Vit phng trnh ca mt cu (S) i qua gc ta O, qua im A(5;2;1) v tip xc vi c hai mt phng (P) v (Q). Cu 6 : Trong khng gian Oxyz cho cc im A(2,0,0); M(0,3,6) 1. Chng minh rng mt phng (P): x + 2y 9 = 0 tip xc vi mt cu tm M, bn knh MO. Tm ta tip im. 2. Vit phng trnh mt phng (Q) cha A, M v ct cc trc Oy, Oz ti cc im tng ng B, C sao cho VOABC = 3

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