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THI HC SINH GII HUYN VNG I

MN: HO HC LP 9
(Thi gian lm bi 150 pht)
Cu 1. (2 im)
Nu v gii thch hin tng xy ra trong cc th nghim sau:
a. Sc kh SO3 vo dung dch BaCl2.
b. Cho st d vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng c dung dch A. Cho A vo dung dch
NaOH d c kt ta B. Lc kt ta B, nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i thu
c cht rn C.
2. C hn hp bt gm Fe2O3 v Al2O3. Lm th no tch ring mi cht ra khi hn
hp.
Cu 2. (2 im) Hy xc nh cc cht: A, B, C, X, D, E, G, I, K, L cho mi s sau v vit
phng trnh phn ng:
1. A + B C + X
2. C + D Cu + E
3. E + G FeCl3
4. FeCl3 + C FeCl2

5. FeCl2 + I K + NaCl
6. K + L + X Fe(OH)3
to
7. Fe(OH)3
A+X

Cu 3. (2 im)
1. C 5 dung dch: HCl, NaOH, Na2CO3, BaCl2 v NaCl, cho php dng thm qu tm
nhn bit cc dung dch . Bit rng dung dch Na2CO3 cng lm xanh qu tm.
2. C 4 gi bt mu en tng t nhau: CuO, MnO2, Ag2O, FeO. Ch dng dung dch
HCl phn bit tng axit.
Cu 4. (2 im)
1. Trn 2 a cn v tr thng bng c 2 cc: Cc A ng dung dch HCl v cc B ng
dung dch H2SO4. Thm vo cc A 25g CaCO3 v cc B mt lng bt kim loi nhm l a(g).
Cn vn v tr thng bng sau khi phn ng kt thc. Tnh a(g). Bit cc phn ng u xy ra
hon ton.
2. kh hon ton 24g hn hp Fe2O3 v CuO cn dng 8,96 lt kh CO (ktc). Tnh
thnh phn phn trm khi lng mi oxit trong hn hp ban u v thnh phn phn trm khi
lng mi kim loi trong cht rn thu c sau phn ng.
`
Nu thay kh CO bng kh H2 th th tch kh hiro bng bao nhiu?
Cu 5. (2 im)
1. Cho 4,9g kim loi kim M vo nc, sau mt thi gian thy lng kh thot ra vt
qu 7,5 lt (ktc). Hy cho bit tn ca kim loi M?
2.C hn hp bt st v kim loi M, kim loi M c ho tr n khng i.
- Nu ho tan hon ton hn hp trong dung dch axit clo hiric th thu c 7,84 lt kh hiro
(ktc).
- Nu cho ton b lng hn hp trn tc dng hon ton vi kh clo th th tch kh clo cn
dng l 8,4 lt (ktc).
Bit t l s mol st v kim loi M trong hn hp l 1 : 4.
a. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b. Tnh th tch clo (ktc) ho hp vi kim loi M?
c. Nu khi lng kim loi M trong hn hp l 5,4g th M l kim loi no?
Cho bit: Ca = 40; Cu = 64; O =16; H =1; S =32; C =12; Al = 27; Fe =56

BIU IM - P N
1
C
u
1

p n

im

2
a. C kt ta trng xut hin: BaSO4
SO3 + H2O H2SO4
H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2HCl

0,125
0,125

b. Dung dch A: FeSO4 ; kt ta B: Fe(OH)2; cht rn C:


Fe2O3
2Fe + 6H2SO4 (c, nng) Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
Fe + Fe2(SO4)3 3FeSO4
FeSO4 + 2NaOH Fe(OH)2 + Na2SO4

0,125
0,125
0,125
0,125

t
4Fe(OH)2 + O2
2Fe2O3 + 4H2O
- Cho hn hp vo dd NaOH d kt thc phn ng ta lc
dung dch thu c cht rn khng tan l Fe2O3.
- Sc vo phn dung dch thu c bng kh CO2 ti khi kt
ta thu c l ti a. Lc kt ta em nung n khi lng khng i ta c cht rn l Al2O3.
PTP : Al2O3 + 2NaOH d 2NaAlO2 + H2O
2NaAlO2 + 4H2O + 2CO2 2AlOH)3 + 2NaHCO3

2AlOH)3

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

Al2O3 + 3 H2O

2
A: Fe2O3
E: FeCl2

B: H2
G: Cl2

C: Fe
I: NaOH

X: H2O
K: Fe(OH)2

D: CuCl2
L: O2

0,25

t
2Fe + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2
Fe + CuCl2 Cu + FeCl2
2FeCl2 + Cl2 2FeCl3
2FeCl3 + Fe 3FeCl2
FeCl2 + 2NaOH Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3

0,25 x 7
= 1,75

t
Fe2O3 + 3H2O
2Fe(OH)3

3
1

2
. Cho qu tm vo 5 dung dch:
HCl
Na2CO3 NaOH
BaCl2
NaCl

Xanh
Xanh
Tm
Tm
- Dung dch lm qu tm ho l HCl.
- 2 dung dch lm qu tm ho xanh l: Na2CO3 v NaOH
- 2 dung dch lm qu tm khng i mu l: BaCl2 v HCl.
- Sau dng HCl cho tc dng vi 2 cht lm qu tm ho xanh, ni no
c kh thot ra l Na2CO3: Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
- Cht cn li l NaOH: NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O
- Tip ly dung dch Na2CO3 cho tc dng vi 2 cht cn li, ni no c

0,5

0,75

kt ta trng l BaCl2: Na2CO3 + BaCl2 BaCO3 + 2NaCl


- Cht cn li l dung dch NaCl.
Ho tan cc oxit bng dung dich HCl:
- Sn phm c mu xanh l CuO: CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 (xanh) +H2O
- Sn phm c kh mu vng lc bay ln l MnO2:
MnO2 + 4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 (vang luc) + 2H2O

0,75

- Sn phm c kt ta trng l AgCl: Ag2O + 2HCl 2AgCl + H2O


- Cht cn li l FeO:
FeO +2HCl FeCl2 + H2O
4

2
nCaCO3 =

25
= 0,25 mol
100

Phng trnh phn ng A: CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2+ CO2 + H2O


Theo phng trnh phn ng:
nCaCO3 = nCO2 ; nHCl = 2 nCaCO3
Sau khi phn ng kt thc khi lng cc A l:
mA = 25 + 0,5. 36,5 - 0,25. 44 = 32,5 gam

(1)

Phng trnh phn ng B: 2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2


(2)
Theo phng trnh phn ng v theo bi ta c:
1,5a. 98 27a 1,5a.2
+
= 32,25
Gii ra c: a = 5,09 gam
27
27
27
8,96
nCO =
= 0,4 mol
22,4
Gi s mol Fe2O3 l x, s mol CuO l y, ta c:
o

t
2Fe + 3CO2
Fe2O3 + 3CO
x
3x
2x

(1)

0,5

0,5

0,50

to

Cu + CO2
CuO + CO
(2)
y
y
y
Theo bi ra ta c h phng trnh:
160x +80y =24
y =0,1
Gii h phng trnh

3x +y =0,4
x =0,1
mFe2O3 = 0,1 . 160 = 16 gam
16.100
66,67%
24
% mCuO = 100 - 66,67 =33,33%
Tm thnh phn% mi kim loi trong cht rn thu c:
nFe = 2x =2 . 0,1 = 0,2 mol
nCu = y = 0,1 mol
mFe = 0,2 . 56 = 11,2 gam
mCu = 0,1 . 64 = 6,4 gam
mFe + mCu = 11,2 + 6,4 = 17,6 gam
11,2.100
63,64%
Vy:
%mFe =
17,6
Vy:

1,00

% mFe2O3 =

1,00

%mCu = 100 - 63,64 = 36,36%


Nu thay CO bng H2:
o

t
2Fe + 3H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2
x
3x

(3)

t
Cu + H2O
CuO + H2
(4)
y
y
Tng s mol H2 dng phn ng (3) v (4):
nH2 = 3x + y = 3 . 0,1 + 0,1 = 0,4 mol
Nu thay CO bng H2 th th tch kh H2 cn dng l:
VH2 = 0,4 . 22,4 = 8,96 lt

5
1.

2.

1,00

2
7,5
= 0,334 mol
22,4
PTHH:
2M + 2H2O 2MOH + H2
2M gam
1 mol
4,9
0,334
T phng trnh phn ng trn, ta c:
2M
1
4,9
=
M=
7,3
4,9 0,334
2.0,334
Vy khi lng M phi nh hn 7,3 M l kim loi Li
nH2 =

- Hn hp phn ng vi dung dch HCl th tng s mol H2 thu c l:


7,84
nH2 =
= 0,35(mol).
22,4
- Hn hp phn ng vi Cl2 th tng s mol Cl2 cn dng l:
8,4
nCl2 =
= 0,375(mol).
22,4
Gi s mol ca Fe l x, s mol M l y:
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
(1)
x
x
2M + 2nHCl 2MCln + nH2
(2)
ny
y
2
o

t
2FeCl3
2Fe + 3Cl2
x
1,5x
to

0,125
0,25

0,125
0,125

0,125

0,125

(3)

2MCln
2M + nCl2
(4)
ny
y
2
Theo u bi v t cc phng trnh phn ng trn, ta c:

0,125

0,125

ny

x + 2 =0,35
Gii h phng trnh: x = 0,05

1,5x + ny =0,375

2
Bit t l s mol Fe v kim loi M l 1 : 4. Vy:
x 1
=
y = 0,05 . 4 = 0,2
y 4
Theo phng trnh (3): nCl2 = 1,5x = 1,5 . 0,05 = 0,075 mol
nCl2 = 0,375 - 0,075 = 0,3 mol
Theo phng trnh (4):
Th tch clo ho hp vi kim loi M phn ng (4) l:
VCl2 = 0,3 . 22,4 = 6,72 lt
Nu khi lng hn hp l 5,4g th M l kim loi:
ny
0,2n
T phng trnh: x +
= 0,35 0,05 +
= 0,35
2
2
0,3
=3.
0,05 + 0,1n = 0,35 n =
0,1
Vy kim loi M c ho tr l III.
T phng trnh phn ng (4) ta vit c:

0,25

0,25

0,25

t
2MCln
2M + nCl2
2M gam
3 mol
5,4
0,3
2M
3
3.5,4 16,2
=
M=
=
=27
5,4 0,3
2.0,3
0,6
Vy M l kim loi Al.

0,25

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