1)Nguyn t X c tng s proton, ntron, electron l 116 trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 24.

. Xc nh X, vit cu hnh electron ca X. 2)Nguyn t Y c tng s proton, ntron, electron l 34. Xc nh Y, vit cu hnh electron ca Y v cho bit Y l kim loi, phi kim hay kh tr. 3)Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong 2 nguyn t kim loi A v B l 142 trong s ht mangin nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 42, s ht mang in ca B nhiu hn A l 12. Xc nh 2 kim loi A v B. Vit cu hnh electron ca A,B. 4)a)Phn t XY3 c tng s proton, ntron, electron bng 196 trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in 60, s ht mang in ca X t hn s ht mang in ca Y l 76. Xc nh X,Y v XY3. b)Ly 4,83 gam XY3.nH2O ha tan vo nc nng c dung dch A.Dung dch A phn ng va vi 10,2 gam AgNO3. Xc nh n. 5)Cho 2 ng v hiro v 2 ng v ca clo vi t l phn trm s nguyn t chim trong t nhin nh sau : (99,984%)H(1), (0,016%)H(2), (75,77%)Cl(35), (24,23%)Cl(37). a)Tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh ca mi nguyn t. b)C th c bao nhiu loi phn t HCl khc nhau to nn t 2 ng v ca 2 nguyn t ? c)Tnh phn t khi ca mi loi phn t ni trn. 6) Hy cho bit s n v in tch ht nhn, s proton, s ntron v s electron ca cc nguyn t c k hiu sau y : a) , , , , . b) , , , , , . 7)Kt qu phn tch cho thy trong phn t kh CO2 c 27,3%C v 72,7%O theo khi lng. Bit nguyn t khi ca C l 12,011. Xc nh nguyn t khi ca oxi. 8)a)Mc nng lng ca cc obitan 2px, 2py, 2pz c khc nhau khng? v sao? b)V hnh dng cc obitan 1s,2s v cc obitan 2px, 2py, 2pz. 9)a)Khi s hiu nguyn t Z tng , trt t cc mc nng lng AO tng dn theo chiu t tri qua phi c ng trt t nh sau khng? 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p6s 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d. Nu sai, hy sa li cho ng b)Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca cc nguyn t c Z=15, Z=17, Z=20, Z=21, Z=31. 10)Hp cht Z to bi 2 nguyn t M,R c cng thc MaRb trong R chim 6,667% khi lng, trong ht nhn nguyn t M c s ntron=s proton + 4 cn trong ht nhn R c s ntron=s proton, tng s ht proton trong Z l 84 v a+b=4. Tm cng thc phn t ca Z.

Vit phng trnh phn ng gia Z vi HNO3 c nng. 11)Hp cht B to bi 1 kim loi ha tr II v 1 phi kim ha tr I. Trong phn t B c : Tng s ht l 290. Tng s ht khng mang in l 110. Hiu s ht khng mang in ca phi kim v kim loi l 70. T l s ht mang in ca kim loi so vi phi kim l 2/7. Tm A,Z ca kim loi v phi kim. 12) Trong phn t M2X c tng s ht (p,n,e) l 92 ht trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 28 ht,S khi ca M ln hn s khi ca X l 7.Tng s ht (p,n,e) trong nguyn t M nhiu hn X l 10 . Xc nh M v X. Vit cng thc phn t ca hp cht. 13)Hp cht Y c cng thc l MX2 trong M chim 46,67% v khi lng. Trong ht nhn M c s ntron nhiu hn s proton l 4 ht. Trong ht nhn X s ntron bng s proton.Tng s proton trong MX2 l 58. Tm AM v AX. 14)Cho 3 nguyn t M,X,R trong R l ng v . Trong nguyn t M c : s ntrons proton = 3. Trong nguyn t M v X c : s proton ca M s proton ca X = 6. s ntron ca M + s ntron ca X = 36. Tng s khi ca cc nguyn t trong phn t MR l 76. Xc nh s proton, ntron, electron trong M,X v vit k hiu nguyn t ca chng. 15)Nguyn t X c tng s proton, ntron v electron l 34. Nguyn t Y c tng s proton, ntron v electron l 52 trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 16. a)Xc nh s proton, s ntron v s electron ca X v Y. b)Y cn 1 ng v khc l Y c s ntron nhiu hn Y 2 ht v hn hp A gm Y v Yc nguyn t khi trung bnh bng s khi ca Y + 0,5. Xc nh phn trm s nguyn t mi ng v trong hn hp A.

16) Tng s ht p,n,e trong 2 nguyn t kim loi A v B l 177. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 47. S ht mang in ca nguyn t B nhiu hn ca nguyn t A l 8. Xc nh 2 kim loi A v B. 17)a) Mt kim loi M c s khi l 54, tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong M2+ l 78. Xc nh M. b)Mt kim loi M c s khi 54, tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong M2+ l 78.Xc nh M. c)Ion PxOy3 v SnOm2 u c tng s electron l 50. Xc nh x,y,n,m v suy ra cc ion trn. Cho bit x<y v n<m. 18)X,Y u l phi kim . Trong nguyn t X ,Y c s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in ln lt l 14,16. Hp cht XYn c c im: X chim 15,0486% khi lng. Tng s proton l 100. Tng s ntron l 106. Xc nh s khi v tn X,Y. 19)a)Mt hp cht ion cu to t ion M2+ v X , tng s ht (proton , ntron , electron) trong phn t MX2 l 186 ht trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 54 ht.S khi ca ion M2+ nhiu hn X l 21. Tng s ht M2+ nhiu hn trong X l 27 ht. Xc nh M,X, MX2. b)Nguyn t R c tng s ht l 54 v s khi nh hn 36. Xc nh R. 20) a)Tng s ht mang in trong ion AB3 l 63 . S ht mang in trong ht nhn B nhiu hn s ht mang in trong ht nhn A l 1. Xc nh A,B, AB3 . b)Hp cht A to bi 2 ion X2+ v YZ32. Tng s electron ca YZ32 l 32 ht, Y v Z u c s proton bng s ntron. Hiu s ntron ca 2 nguyn t X v Y bng 3 ln s proton ca Z. Khi lng phn t A bng 116. Xc nh X,Y,Z v cng thc ca A. 21)A,B,X l 3 nguyn t phi kim .Tng s ht proton, ntron,electron trong phn t AX2 l 52. S ht mang in ca AY2 nhiu hn s ht mang in ca AX2 l 28 ht. Phn t X2Y c tng s ht proton,electron v ntron l 28 trong s ht mang in bng 2,5 ln s ht khng mang in.

Xc nh in tch ht nhn v s khi ca A,X,Y. 22)C hp cht MX3 trong : Tng s proton, ntron, elctron l 196. S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 60. S khi ca M nh hn s khi ca X l 8. Tng s proton, ntron, elctron trong X nhiu hn trong ion M3+ l 16. Xc nh M v X. 23)Mt hp cht to thnh t cc ion M+ v X22. Trong phn t M2X2 c tng s proton, ntron, elctron bng 164 trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 52. S khi ca M ln hn s khi ca X l 23. Tng s proton, ntron, electron trong ion M+ nhiu hn trong X22 l 7. Xc nh nguyn t M,X v cng thc phn t M2X2. Vit cu hnh electron (dng ch v dng obitan) ca M+; vit cng thc electron ca ion X22. 24)A v B l 2 hp cht ion to nn bi cc ion u c cu hnh electron ca Agon v c tng s ht proton,electron v ntron l 164. Xc nh A v B bit rng khi cho dung dch A trong nc tc dng vi dung dch HCl c kh mi trng thi bay ln. 25)Hp cht A2B6 c tng s ht l 392 trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 120 ht. S khi ca A t hn s khi ca B l 8. Tng s ht trong A3+ nhiu hn trong B l 13. Xc nh A,B, AB3, A2B6.

26)Phn t XY2 v X2Y c tng s proton, ntron,electron ln lt l 69 v 66. S ntron ca Y nhiu hn ca X l 1. Phn t X2Y4 c tng s ht mang in l 92. Xc nh s proton, ntron, electron trong cc nguyn t, phn t, ion : X, Y, X2, Y2, Y3, XY, XY2,XY32.