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CHcLuCht
MU
Bi1.1
lmthnghimthylc,ngitayncvomtngngcngknhd=300mm,chiudiL=50m
psutkhquyn.Hilngnccnthitphivonglbaonhiupsuttti51at?Bithsnn
p p
1
at 1
20000
Gii
Lngnccnthitphivongpsuttngln51atl:
1 dV
dV = p .V .dp
V dp
Tachsginndoplc: p
Do dV , dp ngbinnn: p
1 dV
dV = p .V .dp
V dp
Mthtch
dV =
V = S .L =
=+
.d 2
3,14.(0.3) 2
.L =
.50 = 3,5325m 3
4
4
1
.3,5325.(51 1) = 8,84.10 3 (m 3 ) = 8,84 (liter )
20000
Vycnphithmvong8.84ltncnapsuttngt1atln51at.
Bi1.2
Trong mt b cha hnh tr thng ng c ng knh d = 4m, ng 100 tn du ha c khi lng ring
= 0,00072 0 C 1 .
Gii
Khilngringcaduhal:
m
m 100.10 3 2000
V = =
=
117,65(m 3 )
V
850
17
Hsginndonhit:
t =
1 dV
2000
216
dV = t .V .dt = 0,00072.
.(40 30) =
2,542(m 3 )
V dt
17
85
M: dV
.d 2
4dV 4.2,542
.h h =
=
= 0,202(m)
4
.d 2 3,14.4 2
Vykhongcchdudnglnsovibanul0.202(m)
Bi1.3
Khilmthnghimthylc,dngmtngngcngknhd=400mm,diL=200m,ngyncp
sut55at.Saumtgipsutgimxungcn50at.Xcnhlngncchyquacckhcangng.H
snnp p
1
at 1 .
20000
Gii
Hsginndoplc:
Page1of28
CHcLuCht
p =
1 dV
.d
dV = p .V .dp = p
.L.dp
V dp
4
dV =
1 3,14.0,4 2
.200. (50 55) = 6,28.10 3 ( m 3 ) = 6,28 (liter )
20000
4
Vylngncchyquakhehngngl6.28(liter)
Bi1.4
Mtbhnhtrngyduhanhit5 0C,mcducao4m.Xcnhmcdutngln,khinhittng
ln250C.Bquabindngcabcha.Hsginnvnhit t
= 0.00072 0 C 1 .
Gii
Hsginndonhit: t
1 dV
dV = t .V .dt
V dt
.d 2
.h
4
.d 2
h
Thtchdutngln: dV =
4
1 dV
h
t =
=
V dt
h.dt
h = t .h.dt = 0,00072.4.(25 5) = 0,058(m) = 58(mm)
Mthtchbanul: V
Page2of28
CHcLuCht
BITPCHNGII
THYTNHHC
Bi2.1
Xcnhcaocactncdnglntrongngop(h).Nctrongbnhknchupsutti
mttdol
p A = pB
Tac:
M
p A = p0
p 0 = p a + .h
p B = p0 + , h
p0 p a (1,06 1).9,81.10 4
=
= 0,6 ( m)
9810
h=
Nuh=0,8mth
Bi2.2
Mtpkochnhthyngn,nivimtbnhngnc.
a) Xcnhchnhmcncthyngn,nuh1=130mmvpsutdtrnmtnctrongbnh40000N/
m.
2
b) psuttrongbnhsthayinhthnonumcthyngntronghainhnhbngnhau.
Gii
a) Xcnhchnhmcthyngn(tmh2):
Chnmtngpnhhnhv:
p A = pB
Tac:
p A = p 0 + H 2O .(h1 + h2 )
p B = p a + Hg .h2
p0 + H 2O .(h1 + h2 ) = p a + Hg .h2
h2 ( Hg H 2O ) = ( p 0 p a ) + H 2O .h1
M p0
pa = p d
Vy: h2
p d + H 2O .h1
( H 2O Hg )
40000 + 9810.0,013
= 0,334 (m)
132890 98100
Page3of28
b) psuttrongbnhkhimcthyngntronghainhnhbngnhau:
CHcLuCht
pC = p D
Tac:
pC = p0 + H 2O .h
p D = pa
p0 + H 2O .h = p a
H 2O .h = p a p0 = p ck
p ck = H 2O .h = H 2O .(h1 + 1 2 h2 )
1
= 9810.(0,13 + .0,334) = 2913,57 0,0297 (at )
2
Bi2.3
MtpkvisaigmmtngchUngknhd=5mmnihaibnhcngknhD=50mmvinhau.My
ngyhaichtlngkhngtrnlnvinhau,ctrnglngringgnbngnhau:dungdchrutylictrong
nc ( 1
p = p1 p2 cakhpkphiovidchchuyncamtphncchccchtlng(h)tnhtvtrbanu
can(khi p = 0 ).Xcnh p khih=250mm.
Gii
a) Lpmiquanhgiachnhlchpsut p = p1 p2 :
Chnmtngpnhhnhv:
Khi p = 0 ( p1
= p2 ) :thmtphncchgiahailpchtlngkhcnhauvtrcnbngO:
p A = pB
p A = p1 + 1.h1
p B = p2 + 2 .h2
Theoiukinbnhthngnhau: 1.h1
Khi p > 0 ( p1
= 2 h2 h1 =
2 h2
1
ln1on h .Khimtphncchdichuynlntrn1onhsovivtrO.
p A = p1 + 1.(h1 h)
p B = p2 + 2 .( h2 + h h) + 1.h
Theotnhchtmtngptac:
.d 2
h
4
Thtchtrongngdnglnmtlng: V '
.d 2
h
4
Page4of28
CHcLuCht
Tac V
= V ' h =
D2
h v 1 .h1 = 2 h2 thayvo(*)
p = p1 p2 = h.( 1 2 ) +
Tac:
d2
D2
h.( 1 + 2 )
d2
= h ( 1 2 ) + 2 .( 1 + 2 )
D
Tnh p khih=250mm
0,005 2
0,05
d2
p
=
h
(
)
+
.(
)
S:a/
1 2
1
2
D2
b/ p
= 140 N / m 2
Bi2.4
Xcnhvtrcamtdutrongmtkhoangduhcatuthykhinchuynngchmdnutrclcdng
hnvigiatca=0.3m/s2.Kimtraxemducbtrnrakhithnhkhng,nukhituchuynngu,du
cchmpthnhmtkhonge=16cm.KhongcchtudiL=8m.
Gii
Chnhtrctanhhnhv,tabitmtt
docadulmtngp.
Phngtrnhviphnmtngp:
= a ; Y = 0 ; Z = g thayvo(*)
(*)
adx gdz = 0
Tchphntac: a.x g .z
=C
VmttdocaduiquagctaO
C = 0 .
(x=0,z=0)
Nnphngtrnhmttdosl:
a.x g .z = 0
C z
= x.tg trong tg = a g
Nhvymtdutrongkhoanglmtphngnghingvphatrc:
z = x.
a
0,3
= 4.
= 0,1224 ( m) = 12,24 (cm)
g
9,81
vi x = +
L 8
= = 4 ( m)
2 2
Tathyz=12,24(cm)<e=16(cm)nndukhngtrnrangoi.
Bi2.5
Page5of28
CHcLuCht
Mttoatuitgatngdntctrong10giyt40km/hn50km/h.XcnhpsuttcdnglnimAv
B.Toatuhnhtrngangcngknhd=2,5m,chiudiL=6m.Dungymtnatoatuvkhilng
ringcadul850kg/m3.Vitphngtrnhmtngpvmttdocadu.
Gii
Giatccatoatul:
a=
vt v0 50 40
=
= 0.28 (m / s )
t
10.3600
Chnhtrctanhhnhv.
Phngtrnhviphncbncachtlng:
p = (ax gz ) + C
Vmttdocaduiquagcta(x=0,z=0)
Vy:
C = p = pa
p = (ax gz ) + pa
psuttiA(x=L/2=3;y=0;z=d/2=1,25)l:
Phngtrnhmtngp:
adx gdz = 0
adx gdz = C
z=
a
x+C
g
Phngtrnhmttdo:
Timtthong:x=0;y=0;z=0 C
Nn: z
=0
=0
a
x
g
Bi2.6
Mtbnhhcngknhd=500mm,ngncquayquanhmttrcthngngvisvngquaykhngin
=90vng/pht.
a) Vitptmtngpvmttdo,numcnctrntrcbnhcchyZ0=500mm.
b) Xcnhpsuttiimtrnthnhbnhcchyla=100mm.
c) Thtchnctrongbnhlbaonhiu,nuchiucaobnhlH=900mm.
Page6of28
CHcLuCht
Gii
Chnhtrctanhhnhv:
2
= 2 x ; Y = y ; Z = g
Thayvophngtrnhviphntac:
1
2 r 2 g .z = C (*)
2
Tchphn:
Vyphngtrnhmtngpl:
z=
2r 2
+C
2g
ivimttdocchyZ0=500mm
Timttdocachtlngth:x=y=0vz=z0thayvo(*) C
Vyphngtrnhmttdosl: z
= g .z0
2r 2
2r 2
g.z 0 hay z =
+ z0
2g
2g
b) Xcnhpsuttiimtrnthnhbnhcchy1khonga=100mm:
Phngtrnhphnbpsut: dp
Trong: X
2
= 2 x ; Y = y ; Z = g
Thayvotac: dp =
Tchphn:
1
1
p = 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 gz + C
2
2
p = 2 x 2 + y 2 g .z + C
2
p = 2 r 2 g.z + C (**)
2
Timttdo(tiO)tac:x=y=0vz=z0
Thayvo(**) C
(**)
p = pa
= . g .z 0 + p a
1
2r 2
p = 2 r 2 .g .z + p a + .g.z 0 p a + .h +
2
2
Page7of28
CHcLuCht
h = z 0 z
2
2
2
V r = x + y
= .g
imtrnthnhbnhcchy100mmc:
p a = 1at ; r = d
= 0,5
= 0,25m
.n 3,14.90
=
= 9,42 rad / s
30
30
psuttiimnysl:
pd = p pa = .h +
2r 2
9,42 2.0,25 2
= 9810.0,4 + 1000
= 6697 N / m 2 = 0,068 at
2
2
Bi2.7
Ngitacnggangbngcchquaykhunquanh1trcnmngangvitcquaykhngin=1500
vng/pht.Xcnhpsuttimttrongcakhun,nutrnglngringcangganglng
Chobitthmngknhtrongcangd=200mm,chiudyng
= 68670 N / m 3 .
= 20 mm .Tmhnhdngcamtngp.
Gii
Tcquay:
.n 3,14.1500
=
= 157 rad / s
30
30
Giatclclytmtrnmtkhun:
a = 2 .r = 157.0,12 = 2950 m / s 2
Trong:
r = r0 + =
d
0,2
+ =
+ 0,02 = 0,12m
2
2
Vg=9,81m/s2<<a=2950m/s2nnkhitnhtabquagiatc
trngtrng.
Chngctatrntrcng,trcxtrngvitrcngtac:
X = 0 ; z = 2 y ; Z = 2 z
Thayvophngtrnhviphncbntngqutcachtlng:
= 2 ydy + 2 zdz
2 2
2r 2
y + z2 + C p =
+C
2
2
HngsCcxcnhtiukin:khi r = r0 (mttrongcang)th pt = p a do:
Tchphntac:
p=
C = pa
2 r02
2
Vy
p=
2 r 2 r02
+ pa
2
Nhnvophngtrnhtathypsuttrongganglngthayilutparaboltheophngbnknh.
psutdtimttrongcakhunl:
Page8of28
p d = pt p a =
r
2
2
r02
) = . (r
Phngtrnhviphnmtngp:
Tchphntac:
r02
) = 68670 . 157
9,81
CHcLuCht
2
(0,12 0,1
= 380000 N / m 2 = 3,87 at
2
ydy + 2 zdz = 0
2 .r 2
= const .Tathymtngplnhngmttrnctrctrngvitrcquay.
2
Bi2.8
Mtcavanhnhchnhttngcchiurngb=3m,trnglngnng700kGcthnnglnhoch
khngchlulngquacng.McncthngluH1=3mvmcnchluH2=1.5m
a) Xcnhimtvplctnglncavan.
b) Xcnhlcnngcavan,bitchiudycavanla=20cmvhsmastticckhephaif=1.4.
c) Xcnhimtbndmngangsaochoplcnctruynlntngdmlnhnhau.
Gii
a) Xcnhimtvplctnglncavan.
plcphathnglu:
Trs:
p1 =
imt:
.b 2 9810.3 2
.H 1 =
.3 = 132435 ( N )
2
2
2
2
Z D1 = H 1 = .3 = 2 (m)
3
3
plcphahlu:
.b 2 9810.3 2
.H 2 =
.1,5 = 33109 ( N )
2
2
2
2
imt: Z D2 = H 2 = .1,5 = 1 ( m)
3
3
Trs:
p2 =
plctnghp:
imtplctnghplncavan:
Tac: M p
= M pA1 M pA2
P.Z D = P1 .Z D1 + P2 .( Z D2 + H 1 + H 2 )
ZD =
P1 .Z D1 + P2 .( Z D2 + H 1 + H 2 )
P
b) Lcnngcavan:
G:trnglngtmchn
T = G + f .P + FAC
:hsmastkhephai
FAC:lcyAcsimt.
c) Xcnhimtbndmngangsaochoplcnctruynlntngdmlnhnhau:
plclnnhtkhiH2=0
plclP1.Domidmchu1lcl
P1
4
Page9of28
CHcLuCht
Pd1 = Pd 2
132435
= Pd3 = Pd 4 = P1 =
= 33108,75 ( N )
4
4
Taxemcasgm4tmghpli.
GiA,B,C,Dl4vtrthpnhtcabiupsuttnhtcdngln4dm.
P1
.b
1 .b 2
OA 2 =
H1
4
2
4 2
H
1
3
OA 2 = H 12 OA = 1 = = 1,5m
4
2
2
2
2
Z d1 = OA = 1,5 = 1m
3
3
P
.b
1 .b 2
Pd 2 = 1
OB 2 OA 2 =
H1
4
2
4 2
1
OB 2 OA 2 = H 12 OB 2
4
1
1
1
1
= OA 2 + H 12 = H 12 + H 12 = H 12
4
4
4
2
Pd1 =
OB =
Zd2 =
1 2
1 2
H1 =
3 = 2,12m
2
2
2 OB 3 OA3 2 2,123 1,53
=
= 1,828m
3 OB 2 OA2 3 2,122 1,52
P1
.b
1 .b 2
OC 2 OB 2 =
H1
4
2
4 2
1
1
1
1
3
OC 2 OB 2 = H 12 OC 2 = OB 2 + H 12 = H 12 + H 12 = H 12
4
4
2
4
4
Pd3 =
OC =
Z d3
3 2
H1 =
4
3 2
3 = 2,6m
4
2 OC 3 OB 3 2 2,6 3 2,12 3
=
= .
= 2,368m
3 OC 2 OB 2 3 2,6 2 2,12 2
P1
.b
1 .b 2
OD 2 OC 2 =
H1
4
2
4 2
1
1
3
1
OD 2 OC 2 = H 12 OD 2 = OC 2 + H 12 = H 12 + H 12 = H 12
4
4
4
4
OD = H 1 = 3m
Pd 4 =
Z d4 =
2 OD 3 OC 3 2 33 2,6 3
=
= 2,805m
3 OD 2 OC 2 3 3 2 2,6 2
Bi2.9
XcnhlcnngQnngtmchnnghingmtgc ,quaycquanhtrcO.Chiurngtmchnb=
1.5m,khongcchtmtncntrcOla=20cm.Gc
= 60 0 ,H=1.5m.Bquatrnglngtmchnv
masttrnbnlcatrcO.
Page10of28
CHcLuCht
Gii
plclntmchnl:
P=
.b
9810.1,5 2
H2 =
1,5 = 19115 ( N )
2 sin
2 sin 60 0
Vitrtmcaplc:
ZD =
2
2
.H =
.1,5 = 1,155 ( m )
3 sin
3 sin 60 0
0
nngctmchnnylnth: M Q
> M P0
Q
+ a > P( Z D + a )
sin
P( Z D + a ) 19115(1,155 + 0,2)
Q>
=
= 13406 ( N )
H
1,5
+a
+ 0,2
Sin
sin 60 0
VyQ>13406(N)
Bi2.10
MtcavanphnghnhchnhtnmnghingtavoimDnmditrngtmC20cm(tnhtheochiu
nghing)trngthicnbng.Xcnhplcnclncavannuchiurngcanb=4mvgcnghing
= 60 0 .
Gii
Tac Z D
= ZC + a
hC
H
=
sin 2 sin
H
ZD =
+a
2 sin
2H
Mtkhc Z D =
3 sin
M Z C
Vy P
.b
9810.4
H2 =
.1,04 2 = 24504 ( N )
0
2 sin
2. sin 60
Bi2.11
Xcnhlctcdnglnnpngtrncathngngduha.ngknhngd=600mm,mcduH=2.8m.
Xcnhimtcatngtnhp.Khilngringduhal880kg/m3.Chomomentquntnh I 0
.d 4
64
Gii
Lctcdnglnnpngchnhllcd: P
= .h.
Trong:hclkhongcchttmdintchnmtthong=H
dintchnmngtrn
Page11of28
CHcLuCht
P = 880.2,8.
imt: Z D
3,14.0,6
= 696,68 ( kg ) = 6834,43 ( N )
4
= ZC +
I0
.d 4 4 1
=H+
= 2,808 ( m )
.Z C
64 d 2 H
Z C = H
d 2
=
Vi:
4
d 4
I
=
0
64
ChngIV
TNTHTNNGLNG
Bi4.1
TbnhA,psuttuytitimtthongtrongbnhl1.2at,ncchyvobnhhB.Xcnhlulngnc
chyvobnhB,nuH1=10m,H2=2m,H3=1m,ngknhngd=100mm,ngknhngD=200mm,hs
cnkhoa k
= 4 ,bnknhvngR=100mm,bquatnthtdcng.
Gii
Page12of28
CHcLuCht
Vitphngtrnhchomtct11&22,ly22lmchuntac:
z1 +
p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + h
2g
2g
z1 = H = H 1 H 2 = 8m ; z 2 = 0
Chon = = 1
1
2
Trong:
2
p1 = 1,2at = 1,2.98100 = 117720 N / m
v v 0
2
1
= hd + hc = hc =
vd2
2g
+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 = 1 + 2 + 3 3 + 4 + 5 + 8
d 2
1 = 0,51 = 0,5
D
2 = k = 4
d 2 0,1 2
9
4 = 1 = 1
=
D 0,2
16
p2 = pa
p1 p2
=
+ h
H+
Vi h
0,1 2 3
d 2
5 = 0,5 1 = 0,51
=
D
0,2 8
8 = 1
= 1 + 2 + 3 3 + 4 + 5 + 8 = 0,5 + 4 + 3.0,29 + 9
16
+ 3 + 1 = 7,0075
8
v d2
p1 p 2
H+
=
+
2g
H + 1 ( p p ) 2 g
2
1
vd =
=
LulngncchyvobnhBl:
Page13of28
Q = Vd . Ad = Vd . . d
= 5,29.3,14. 0,1
CHcLuCht
= 0,041 m / s = 41 ( l / s )
3
Bi4.2
Ncchytbnhcaoxungthpquangcngknhd=50mm,chiudiL=30m.Xcnhchnkhng
mtctxx,nuchnhlchmcnctronghaibnhH=4.5m,chiucaocaxiphngz=2.5m,hscndc
ng
= 0,028 ,bnknhvngR=50mm,khochcchtungnmtctxxlL1=10m.
Gii
z1 +
VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22.Chomtct22lmchuntac:
p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + h
(*)
z1 = H ; z 2 = 0
Chon = = 1
1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
=
p
2
a
1
v1 v2 0
Thayvo(*)tac:
2
L
v
H = h = +
d
2g
v=
2 gH
L
+
d
Page14of28
CHcLuCht
L
30
= 0,028
= 16,8
d
0,05
v=
2 gH
2.9,81.4,5
=
= 2,13 ( m / s ) = v x
L
16
,
8
+
2
,
66
+
d
VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&xx.Chomtct11lmchuntac:
z1 +
p
v2
p1 1v12
+
= z x + x + x x + h x
2g
2g
(**)
z1 = 0 ; z 2 = z x
Chon = = 1
1
x
Trong:
p1 = pa p2 = p x
v1 0 v2 v x
Thayvo(**)tac:
pa p x
v2
= L1 + x + h x
2g
2
L
v
hx = 1 + x
d
2g
L
10
1 = 0,028
= 5,6
d
0,05
hck = z x +
pa p x
v2
hck = z x + x + h x
2g
hck =
v x2
2,132
+ h x = 2,5 + (1 + 5,6 + 0,79 )
= 4,21m
2g
2.9,81
Bi4.3
CmtviphuncungcpnctmtbchacaoH=10m,quangcngknhd 1=38mm,chiudiL=
18m.ngknhbphnlngD=200mm.Viphunlnghnhnn,mingvi,d 2=20mm,chsgincn
vi = 0.5 tnhtheovntctrongng.XcnhlulngQchyquavivchiucaodngncphunln,gi
thitsccncakhngkhlmgimi20%chiucao.Chohsginn = 0.03 ,hstnthtccbca
kha k = 4 ,bnknhvngR76mm.
Page15of28
CHcLuCht
Gii
z1 +
VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22.Chomtct22lmchuntac:
p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + h
2g
2g
(*)
z1 = H ; z 2 = 0
Chon = = 1
1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
=
p
2
a
1
v1 0
V2:lutcncchyquaviphun
A2:titdinlviphun: A2
A:titdincang: A
v2
v 22
v2 L
+ h = 2 + +
2g
2 g d1
2g
2 gH = v 22 + + v 2
d1
(**)
Phngtrnhlintc:
d
v .A
v. A = v 2 . A2 V = 2 2 = v 2 2
A1
d1
L
18
= 0,03.
= 14,21
d1
0,038
.d 2
4
V:lutcncchytrongng
Thayvo(*)tac:
H=
Trong:
+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10
= 1 + 2 2 + 4 3 + 4 + 5 + 10
= 0,5 + 2.4 + 4.0,15 + 0,93 + 0,48 + 0,5 = 11,01
.d1
4
d 2
1 = 0,51 = 0,5
D
2 = 6 = k = 4
3 = 7 = 8 = 9 = 0,15
d
Vi :
= 0,25 = 0,15
2R
0,038 2
d 2
4 = 1 = 1
= 0,93
0,2
D
0,038 2
d 2
5 = 0,51 = 0,51
= 0,48
D
0,2
10 = voi = 0,5
Thttcvo(**)tac:
L
d4
2 gH
2 gH = v 22 + + v 22 24 v 2 =
L
d4
d1
d1
1 + + 24
d1
d1
v2 =
2.9,81.10
0,02 4
1 + (14,21 + 11,01)
0,038 4
= 8,18 ( m / s )
Page16of28
CHcLuCht
.d
3,14.0,02
= 8,18.
= 0,0026 ( m 3 / s ) = 2,6 ( l / s )
4
4
2
2
v2
8,18
= 0,8
= 2,73 ( m )
Chiucaoncphunln: hv = 0,8
2g
2.9,81
Lulngchyquavi: Q
= v 2 . A2 = v 2 .
2
2
Bi4.4
Mybmlynctgingcungcpchothpchaphnphichomtvngdnc.(Hnh4.4)
Chobit:
Caotrnhmcnctrongging:z1=0.0m
Caotrnhmcncthpchancz2=26.43m
nght:diL=10m,ngknhngd=250mm,cchssccnccb:chvoclichnrc(
ngy:L=35m;d=200mm;n=0.013;khngtnhtnthtccb.
Mybmlytm:lulngQ=65L/s;hiusut
[ hck ] = 6m ctnc.
= 0.65 ;caochnkhngchophpchmybm
Yucu:
1. Xcnhcaotmybm.
2. TnhctncHcamybm.
3. TnhcngsutNmmybmtiuth.
4. Vngnnglngvngop.
Xemdngchytrongccngthuckhusccnbnhphng.
Gii
1. Xcnhcaotmybm:
Mybmchctcchmtnctronggingmtkhonghbnokhngqulnchopsuttuyti
mtct22khngqubmtgiihnxcnh,tcpsutchnkhngtiykhngvtqutrschophp
z1 +
VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22,ly11lmchuntac:
p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + hh
z1 = H ; z 2 = hb
Chon = = 1
1
2
Trong:
p1 = p a p 2 = pt2
v 0
1
(*)
v hh :ltngtnthtctnctrongnght.
Thayvo(*)tac:
p a p t2
pt
pa
v2
v2
= hb + 2 + 2 + hh hck = hb + 2 + hh V: hck =
2g
2g
Page17of28
CHcLuCht
Theo: hck
Tac: hh
= hd + hcvao + hcuon
Tnh theocngthc
v 22
2g
+ hh
Lh
v2
=
+ vao + uon
d
2g
8g
C2
1
1
1 6 Vi R = d = 0,25 = 0,0625m C = 1 ( 0,0625) 6 = 50,4
C= R
4
4
0,013
n
8 g 8.9,81
L
10
= 2 =
= 0,03085
h = 0,03085
= 1,234
2
d
0,25
C
50,4
m/s
Lutctrongnghtl:
Q = v. A v =
Q
4
4.0,065
= 2 .Q =
= 1,324 ( m / s )
A d
3,14.0,25 2
v 2 1,324 2
=
= 0,09 ( m )
2 g 2.9,81
< 5,23m
2. TnhctncHcamybm.
Ltnngmbnphicungcpchochtlngkhiiquan,cbiudinbngctncH(Mctnc).
Page18of28
CHcLuCht
Tac: H = H 0 + hw + hwh
Trong:
H 0 :lchnhlchahnh,tclcaommybmphiancln.
hw :tnthtctnctrongnght.
hwh :tnthtctnctrongngy.
H 0 = Z 2 Z1 = 26,43 0,00 = 26,43m
2
L
v
hw = + vao + uon 2 = (1,234 + 6 + 0,294 ).0,09 = 0,68m
d
2g
hwh =
Lh v 2
.
d 2g
ViVllutctrungbnhtrongngy:
V =
Vi R
4Q
d 2
hwh
V2 2,07 2
(
)
=
2
,
07
m
/
s
=
= 0,22m
3,14.0,2 2
2 g 2.9,81
4.0,065
d 0,2
=
= 0,05 ( m )
2
4
8g
C
8.9,81
48,7
C =
= 0,033
1
1
( 0,05) 6 = 48,7
0,013
m/s
L
35
= 0,033
= 5,78
d
0,25
Lh v 2
=
.
= 5,78.0,22 = 1,27 ( m )
d 2g
Vyctnccamybml:
N=
.Q.H 9810.0,065.28,4
=
= 27860 ( w)
0,65
Bi4.5
NctmtbnhchaAchyvobchaB,theomtngnggmhailoingcngknhkhcnhau.
(Hnh4.5).BitzA=13m,zB=5m,L1=30m,d1=150mm, 1
ngdnlloinggangdng,githitnctrongngkhusccnbnhphng.TnhlulngQvv
ngctnc,ngopcangng.
Gii
Page19of28
CHcLuCht
VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22,ly00lmchuntac:
zA +
p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z B + 2 + 2 2 + hh
(1)
z1 = H ; z 2 = hb
Chon = = 1
1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
=
p
2
a
1
v1 v 2 0
Thayvo(1)tac: h = Z A Z B = 13 5 = 8 ( m )
Mtkhc: h
L
v2 L
v2
= hd + hc = 1 1 + 1 + 2 1 + 2 2 + 3 2
d1
2g d 2
2g
(2)
Phngtrnhlintc:
A2
d 22
V1. A1 = V2 . A2 V1 = V2
= V2 2
A1
d1
Thayvo(2)tac:
L
v2 d 4 L
v 2 v 2 L
d
h = 1 1 + 1 + 2 2 24 + 2 2 + 3 2 = 2 1 1 + 1 + 2 2
d1
2 g d1 d 2
2 g 2 g d1
d1
v2 =
+ 2 2 + 3
d2
2 gh
4
L1
d
L
1
+ 1 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 3
d1
d1
d2
1 = 0,5 (bvong)
2
d 2
150 2
2 = 1 = 1
= 0,191
D
200
3 = 1 (ngrab)
v2 =
2.9,81.8
4
30
50
0,2
+ 0,5 + 0,191
+ 1
0,031
+ 0,029
0,15
0,2
0,15
Lulng: Q
= 2,2863 ( m / s )
.d 22
3,14.0,2 2
= v2
= 2,2863.
= 0,0718 m 3 / s = 71,8 ( l / s )
4
4
Page20of28
CHcLuCht
Bi4.6
anclnmtthpncvilulngQ=40L/s,tatmtmybmlytm,caohnmcnctrongging
htlhb=5m,mcnctrongthpcaohnmyha=28m,dinghtLht=12m,dingyLy=3600m;
ngnghtvychsmast
hiusutmybml bom
= 0.028 .Tnhngknhnghtvy,tnhcngsutmybm,bit
= 0.8 ,hiusutngc ng co = 0.85 ,chnkhngchophpcamybml
6m.
Gii
Tnhngknhnght:
VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22,ly11lmchuntac:
Page21of28
CHcLuCht
z1 +
p1
+
1v12
2
= z2 +
p2
+
2 v 22
2
z1 = 0 ; z 2 = hb
Chon = = 1
1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
a
1
v1 0
+ hh
(1)
v hh :ltngtnthtctnctrongnght.
Thayvo(1)tac:
pa
p p2
p
v2
v2
= hb + 2 + 2 + hh a
= hb + 2 + hh
2g
2g
V: hck
pa p2
V: hh
L
v2
= h + 1 + 3 2 2
dh
2g
v2
v2
L
L
hck = hb + 1 + h + 1 + 3 2 2 1 + h + 1 + 3 2 2 = hck hb = 6 5 = 1
dh
dh
2g
2g
Trong: v 2 =
4.Q
d h2
v 22 =
16.Q 2
2 .d h2
v: 1
(2)
= 0,5 ; 2 = 0,29
16.0,04 2
12
+ 0,5 + 3.0,29
=1
Thayvo(2)tac: 1 + 0,028
2
4
d
h
3,14 .2.9,81.d h
0,336 132.10 6
2,37 +
= 1 d h = 200mm
d h d h4
Tnhngknhngy:
VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct33&44tac:
z3 +
p3 3v32
p
v2
+
= z 4 + 4 + 4 4 + h
z 3 = 0 ; z 4 = ha
Chon = = 1
3
4
Trong:
p4 = pa
v 4 0
(3)
v hh :ltngtnthtctnctrongnght.
Thayvo(3)tac:
p3 v32
p
p pa
v2
+
= ha + a + h 3
= ha 3 + h
2g
2g
V: hck
pa p2
V: h
L
=
d
p3 p a
v2 L v2
= ha 3 + 3
2g d 2g
Giitngt d = 200mm
v32
2g
(4)
Nnglngtngthm:
Page22of28
CHcLuCht
v 22
L v32
H b = Z 4 + hh + h = Z 4 + h + 1 + 3 2
+
d 2g
dh
2g
4.Q
4.0,04
v2 = 2 =
= 1,273 ( m / s )
d h 3,14.0,2 2
v3 =
4.Q
d 2
4.0,04
3,14.0,2 2
= 1,273 ( m / s )
12
3600 1,273 2
1,273 2
H b = 5 + 2,8 + 0,028
+ 0,5 + 3.0,29
+ 0,028
= 49,6 ( m )
0,2
0,2 2.9,81
2.9,81
Cngsutcncungcpchomybm:
N=
.Q.H b
9810.0,04.49,6
=
= 28622 ( w)
bom . dongco
0,8.0,85
Page23of28
CHcLuCht
BITPCHNGV
DNGCHYQUAL,VI
Bi5.7
Xcnhthigianncchyhtmtbchalngtr,sunctrongbH=4m;cdintchy = 5m 2 ,
quahailtrn,lnmthnhbncchye=2mvmtly.Kchthchailgingnhaud=10cm.Cho
hslulng
= 0.6
Gii
Tac T
= T1 + T2 (bquav0)
T1thigianqua2l(mcnctH He)
T2thigianqualy(khonge)
Tthigianthotonb
( h e) 2 g
Lulnglbn: Qb
= . A1
Lulngly: Q
= . A2 2 gh
T1 =
H e
.dh
.. 2 g
..e 2 g
H e
he + h
.. 2 g
H e
dh
he + h
H e
3
2 3
2
2 h 2
(
)
h e + h dh =
h
3
..e 2 g 3
H
2
.
( H 2e ) 3 2 2( H e ) 3 2 + 4 3 2
=
3 ..e 2 g
=
2
3
( 4 2.2 ) 3 2 2( 4 2 ) 3 2 + 4 3 2 = 187,1 ( s )
.0,12
2. 2.9,81
4
2...e
2.5.2
T2 =
=
= 677,5 ( s )
.. 2 ge
.0,12
0,6
2.9,81.2
4
T = 187,1 + 677,6 = 864,6 ( s ) = 1424,6
0,6.
Page24of28
CHcLuCht
Bi5.8
TnhthigianthocnbchanchnhlngtrhnhthangdiL=4m,chiurngmtthongB=5m.Choh
slulng
= 0.6 .
Gii
Dintchcamtthong
= MN.L
M MN = b + .MP
MP
h
=
Tactl: B b
H
2
Bb
h
2 h
MP =
=
H
5
8
= 12 + h
5
Thigianncchyhtbl:
H2
T =
H1
.dh
M . A. 2 gh
d
.
4
.65,6 = 5223
2 gh
Vythigianncchyhtbl 5223
Bi5.9
Tnhthigianthohtnctrongbchahnhtrtrncngknhd=2.4m,caoH=6mtrong2trnghp.
a. Bchadngng,yckhotl,dintch = 1.76 dm 2
b. Bchanmngang,yckhotl,cngcdintch = 1.76 dm 2
Chobittrongchaitrnghp,mtthongcabuthngvikhtri.
Gii
1. Bchadngng:
.d 2 .( 2,4 ) 2
Tac: =
=
= 4,524 ( m 2 )
4
4
Thigianthohtnctrongb:
T=
2. .H
m.. 2 gh
2.4,524.6
0,6.1,76.10 2 2.9,81.6
= 473,8 ( s ) = 7 53,8
2. Bchanmngang:
Page25of28
CHcLuCht
2
2
.dh
.dx
2 H .r. sin x.
4 H .r
sin xdx
T = 2
=2
=2
dx =
Q
Q
mw 2 g .r
cos x
r
0
0 m.w 2 g .r. cos x
2
==
=
4 H .r
mw 2 g .r
8H
cos x
8H
cos x
mw 2 gh
8.6.1,2
mw 2 gh
d ( cos x )
= 1214 ( s ) = 1844
0,6.1,76.10 2 2.9,81.1,2
BITPCHNGVI
DNGCHYNNH,U,CPTRONGNGDI
Bi6.1
XcnhlulngchytbchaAquabchaB.nggangtrongiukinbnhthng.
Gii
H
L
=K J =K
Lulng: Q
nggangbnhthng:n=0,0125
Modullulng:
K=
.d
n.4
8
5
3,14.0,2
0,0125.4
= 0,314 m 3 / s
Lulng:
Q=K
( )
H
20 15
= 0,314.
= 0,0241 m 3 = 24,1 ( l / s )
L
1000
Bi6.2
XcnhctncHcnthitdntbAquabBlulngQ=50L/s.Kchthcngngxembi1.
Gii
Tbi1tac:K=0,314m /s
3
Ctnc: H
Q2
K2
L=
0,05 2
0,314 2
1000 = 21,5m
Bi6.3
Page26of28
CHcLuCht
XcnhngknhdcamtngthpmidnlulngQ=200L/sdictnctcdngH=10m.chiu
dingL=500m
Gii
Modullulng: Q
=K J K=
=Q
L
500
= 0,2
= 1,414 m 3 / s
H
10
ngsch:n=0,011
ngknh: K
.d
n.4
8
5
K
d = n
1,414
= 0,011
3,14
= 0,325 ( m ) = 325mm
Bi6.4
Mtliphnphicsvccsliuchohnhv.Ctnctdocuiccngngh 5m.nggang
bnhthng.Ccstronghnhtamgicchcaotrnhmttticcim.(Hnh6.4)
Yucu:
1. Tnhngknhchottcmngchnhvph.
2. Tnhchiucaothpcha.
3. VngopchongngABCDE.
Gii
TheonhnghavngngchnhtachntuynngABCDEvimEccaotrnhkhngbhnso
viccimkhc.Ngoirachiudicatuynldinht.Ccngngcnliccoilngnhnh.
1. Chnngknhvtnhcaochomngngchnh.
im
on
ng
(m)
(l/s)
(mm)
(m/s)
AB
500
65
300
0,92
hd
cao
(l/s)
(m)
op
1005,18
2,18
26,8
1,042
Page27of28
CHcLuCht
B
24,62
BC
600
50
250
1,02
1,028
618,15
4,03
20,59
CD
300
15
150
0,85
1,0525
158,31
2,83
17,76
DE
500
100
0,64
1,098
53,69
4,76
13
2. Chiucaothpchanc.
SaukhitnhchoccngngchnhABCDE,tacctncopticconngnhnhcnli(cc
imB,C,D)ulnhnctncopticuion(F,K,M,N).DocthxemvicchnABCDElm
ngchnhlhpl.
h=26,810=16,8(m)
3. Chnngknhvcaochonhnh.
L
(m)
(l/s)
ung
BM
300
DN
700
CO
DP
Nhnh
Caotrnhccimop
K2.105
hd
Cuing
(l/s)
(m)
(mm)
24,62
15
9,62
0,865
100
10
14,62
15
9,62
8,065
125
250
15
20,59
14
6,59
10,044
150
400
10
17,76
12
5,76
14,285
125
Page28of28