You are on page 1of 28

BITPCHNGI

CHcLuCht

MU
Bi1.1
lmthnghimthylc,ngitayncvomtngngcngknhd=300mm,chiudiL=50m
psutkhquyn.Hilngnccnthitphivonglbaonhiupsuttti51at?Bithsnn
p p

1
at 1
20000
Gii

Lngnccnthitphivongpsuttngln51atl:

1 dV
dV = p .V .dp
V dp

Tachsginndoplc: p

Do dV , dp ngbinnn: p

1 dV
dV = p .V .dp
V dp

Mthtch

dV =

V = S .L =

=+

.d 2
3,14.(0.3) 2
.L =
.50 = 3,5325m 3
4
4

1
.3,5325.(51 1) = 8,84.10 3 (m 3 ) = 8,84 (liter )
20000

Vycnphithmvong8.84ltncnapsuttngt1atln51at.
Bi1.2
Trong mt b cha hnh tr thng ng c ng knh d = 4m, ng 100 tn du ha c khi lng ring

= 850kg / m 3 100C.Xcnhkhongcchdnglncadutrongbchakhinhittnglnn40 0C.B


quaginncabcha.Hsginnvnhit t

= 0,00072 0 C 1 .
Gii

Khilngringcaduhal:

m
m 100.10 3 2000
V = =
=
117,65(m 3 )
V

850
17

Hsginndonhit:

t =

1 dV
2000
216
dV = t .V .dt = 0,00072.
.(40 30) =
2,542(m 3 )
V dt
17
85

M: dV

.d 2
4dV 4.2,542
.h h =
=
= 0,202(m)
4
.d 2 3,14.4 2

Vykhongcchdudnglnsovibanul0.202(m)
Bi1.3
Khilmthnghimthylc,dngmtngngcngknhd=400mm,diL=200m,ngyncp
sut55at.Saumtgipsutgimxungcn50at.Xcnhlngncchyquacckhcangng.H
snnp p

1
at 1 .
20000
Gii

Hsginndoplc:

Page1of28

CHcLuCht

p =

1 dV
.d
dV = p .V .dp = p
.L.dp
V dp
4

dV =

1 3,14.0,4 2
.200. (50 55) = 6,28.10 3 ( m 3 ) = 6,28 (liter )
20000
4

Vylngncchyquakhehngngl6.28(liter)
Bi1.4
Mtbhnhtrngyduhanhit5 0C,mcducao4m.Xcnhmcdutngln,khinhittng
ln250C.Bquabindngcabcha.Hsginnvnhit t

= 0.00072 0 C 1 .

Gii
Hsginndonhit: t

1 dV
dV = t .V .dt
V dt

.d 2
.h
4
.d 2
h
Thtchdutngln: dV =
4
1 dV
h
t =
=
V dt
h.dt
h = t .h.dt = 0,00072.4.(25 5) = 0,058(m) = 58(mm)
Mthtchbanul: V

Page2of28

CHcLuCht

BITPCHNGII

THYTNHHC
Bi2.1
Xcnhcaocactncdnglntrongngop(h).Nctrongbnhknchupsutti

mttdol

p 0t = 1.06at .Xcnhpsut p 0t nuh=0.8m.


Gii
Chnmtngptimtthongcachtlng.

p A = pB

Tac:
M

p A = p0

p 0 = p a + .h
p B = p0 + , h
p0 p a (1,06 1).9,81.10 4
=
= 0,6 ( m)

9810

h=

Nuh=0,8mth

p0 = .h + pa = 9810.0,8 + 98100 = 105948 N / m 2 = 1,08 (at )

Bi2.2
Mtpkochnhthyngn,nivimtbnhngnc.

a) Xcnhchnhmcncthyngn,nuh1=130mmvpsutdtrnmtnctrongbnh40000N/
m.
2

b) psuttrongbnhsthayinhthnonumcthyngntronghainhnhbngnhau.
Gii

a) Xcnhchnhmcthyngn(tmh2):
Chnmtngpnhhnhv:

p A = pB

Tac:

p A = p 0 + H 2O .(h1 + h2 )
p B = p a + Hg .h2
p0 + H 2O .(h1 + h2 ) = p a + Hg .h2
h2 ( Hg H 2O ) = ( p 0 p a ) + H 2O .h1
M p0

pa = p d

Vy: h2

p d + H 2O .h1
( H 2O Hg )

40000 + 9810.0,013
= 0,334 (m)
132890 98100
Page3of28

b) psuttrongbnhkhimcthyngntronghainhnhbngnhau:

CHcLuCht

pC = p D

Tac:

pC = p0 + H 2O .h
p D = pa
p0 + H 2O .h = p a
H 2O .h = p a p0 = p ck
p ck = H 2O .h = H 2O .(h1 + 1 2 h2 )
1
= 9810.(0,13 + .0,334) = 2913,57 0,0297 (at )
2

Bi2.3
MtpkvisaigmmtngchUngknhd=5mmnihaibnhcngknhD=50mmvinhau.My
ngyhaichtlngkhngtrnlnvinhau,ctrnglngringgnbngnhau:dungdchrutylictrong
nc ( 1

= 8535 N / m 3 ) v du ha ( 2 = 8142 N / m 3 ). Lp quan h gia chnh lch p sut

p = p1 p2 cakhpkphiovidchchuyncamtphncchccchtlng(h)tnhtvtrbanu
can(khi p = 0 ).Xcnh p khih=250mm.
Gii

a) Lpmiquanhgiachnhlchpsut p = p1 p2 :
Chnmtngpnhhnhv:

Khi p = 0 ( p1

= p2 ) :thmtphncchgiahailpchtlngkhcnhauvtrcnbngO:

p A = pB

p A = p1 + 1.h1

p B = p2 + 2 .h2

Theoiukinbnhthngnhau: 1.h1

Khi p > 0 ( p1

= 2 h2 h1 =

2 h2
1

> p2 ) :thmcnctrongbnh1hxung1on h vngthimcncbnh2tng

ln1on h .Khimtphncchdichuynlntrn1onhsovivtrO.

p A = p1 + 1.(h1 h)
p B = p2 + 2 .( h2 + h h) + 1.h
Theotnhchtmtngptac:

p1 + 1.( h1 h) = p2 + 2 .(h2 + h h) + 1.h


p1 p 2 = 2 .(h2 + h h) 1.(h1 h) + 1.h
p1 p 2 = h.( 1 2 ) + h.( 1 + 2 ) [ 1.h1 2 h2 ] (*)
Tathythtchbnh1gimmtlng: V

.d 2
h
4

Thtchtrongngdnglnmtlng: V '

.d 2
h
4
Page4of28

CHcLuCht
Tac V

= V ' h =

D2

h v 1 .h1 = 2 h2 thayvo(*)

p = p1 p2 = h.( 1 2 ) +
Tac:

d2
D2

h.( 1 + 2 )

d2
= h ( 1 2 ) + 2 .( 1 + 2 )
D

Tnh p khih=250mm

Tac: p = 0,25( 8535 8142) +

0,005 2
0,05

( 8535 + 8142) = 140 N / m 2

d2

p
=
h
(

)
+
.(

)
S:a/
1 2

1
2
D2

b/ p

= 140 N / m 2

Bi2.4
Xcnhvtrcamtdutrongmtkhoangduhcatuthykhinchuynngchmdnutrclcdng
hnvigiatca=0.3m/s2.Kimtraxemducbtrnrakhithnhkhng,nukhituchuynngu,du
cchmpthnhmtkhonge=16cm.KhongcchtudiL=8m.
Gii
Chnhtrctanhhnhv,tabitmtt
docadulmtngp.
Phngtrnhviphnmtngp:

Xdx + Ydy + Zdz = 0 (*)


C: X

= a ; Y = 0 ; Z = g thayvo(*)

(*)

adx gdz = 0

Tchphntac: a.x g .z

=C

VmttdocaduiquagctaO

C = 0 .

(x=0,z=0)

Nnphngtrnhmttdosl:

a.x g .z = 0
C z

= x.tg trong tg = a g

Nhvymtdutrongkhoanglmtphngnghingvphatrc:

z = x.

a
0,3
= 4.
= 0,1224 ( m) = 12,24 (cm)
g
9,81

vi x = +

L 8
= = 4 ( m)
2 2

Tathyz=12,24(cm)<e=16(cm)nndukhngtrnrangoi.
Bi2.5

Page5of28

CHcLuCht
Mttoatuitgatngdntctrong10giyt40km/hn50km/h.XcnhpsuttcdnglnimAv
B.Toatuhnhtrngangcngknhd=2,5m,chiudiL=6m.Dungymtnatoatuvkhilng
ringcadul850kg/m3.Vitphngtrnhmtngpvmttdocadu.
Gii
Giatccatoatul:

a=

vt v0 50 40
=
= 0.28 (m / s )
t
10.3600

Chnhtrctanhhnhv.
Phngtrnhviphncbncachtlng:

dp = ( Xdx + Ydy + Zdz )


Tchphntac: p = ( Xx + Yy + Zz ) + C (*)
CX=a;Y=0;Z=g
ThayX,Y,Zvo(*)tac:

p = (ax gz ) + C
Vmttdocaduiquagcta(x=0,z=0)
Vy:

C = p = pa

p = (ax gz ) + pa

psuttiA(x=L/2=3;y=0;z=d/2=1,25)l:

p A = 850[ 0,28.(3) 9,81.(1,25)] + 98100 = 109237,2 N / m 2 = 1,113 (at )


p dA = p A p a = 1,113 1 = 0,113 (at )
psuttiB(x=L/2=3;y=0;z=d/2=1,25)l:

p A = 850[ 0,28.(3) 9,81.( 1,25)] + 98100 = 107809,2 N / m 2 = 1,099 (at )


p dA = p A p a = 1,099 1 = 0,099 ( at )

Phngtrnhmtngp:

Phngtrnhviphnngp: Xdx + Ydy + Zdz


Vi:X=a;Y=0;Z=g
Tchphntac:

adx gdz = 0

adx gdz = C

z=

a
x+C
g

Phngtrnhmttdo:

Timtthong:x=0;y=0;z=0 C
Nn: z

=0

=0

a
x
g

Bi2.6
Mtbnhhcngknhd=500mm,ngncquayquanhmttrcthngngvisvngquaykhngin
=90vng/pht.

a) Vitptmtngpvmttdo,numcnctrntrcbnhcchyZ0=500mm.
b) Xcnhpsuttiimtrnthnhbnhcchyla=100mm.
c) Thtchnctrongbnhlbaonhiu,nuchiucaobnhlH=900mm.

Page6of28

CHcLuCht
Gii
Chnhtrctanhhnhv:

a) Vit phng trnh mt ng p v mt t do, nu mc


nctrntrcbnhcchyZ0=500mm.
Phngtrnhviphnmtngp:

Xdx + Ydy + Zdz = 0


Trong: X

2
= 2 x ; Y = y ; Z = g

Thayvophngtrnhviphntac:

2 xdx + 2 ydy gdz = 0


1 2 2 1 2 2
x + y gz = C
2
2
1
2 x 2 + y 2 g .z = C
2

1
2 r 2 g .z = C (*)
2

Tchphn:

Vyphngtrnhmtngpl:

z=

2r 2
+C
2g

ivimttdocchyZ0=500mm
Timttdocachtlngth:x=y=0vz=z0thayvo(*) C
Vyphngtrnhmttdosl: z

= g .z0

2r 2
2r 2
g.z 0 hay z =
+ z0
2g
2g

b) Xcnhpsuttiimtrnthnhbnhcchy1khonga=100mm:
Phngtrnhphnbpsut: dp
Trong: X

2
= 2 x ; Y = y ; Z = g

Thayvotac: dp =
Tchphn:

= ( Xdx + Ydy + Zdz )

2 xdx + 2 ydy gdz

1
1

p = 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 gz + C
2
2

p = 2 x 2 + y 2 g .z + C
2

p = 2 r 2 g.z + C (**)
2

Timttdo(tiO)tac:x=y=0vz=z0
Thayvo(**) C
(**)

p = pa

= . g .z 0 + p a

1
2r 2
p = 2 r 2 .g .z + p a + .g.z 0 p a + .h +
2
2

Page7of28

CHcLuCht

h = z 0 z
2
2
2
V r = x + y
= .g

imtrnthnhbnhcchy100mmc:

p a = 1at ; r = d

= 0,5

= 0,25m

h = z 0 z = 500 100 = 400 = 0,4m ; =

.n 3,14.90
=
= 9,42 rad / s
30
30

psuttiimnysl:

pd = p pa = .h +

2r 2
9,42 2.0,25 2
= 9810.0,4 + 1000
= 6697 N / m 2 = 0,068 at
2
2

Bi2.7
Ngitacnggangbngcchquaykhunquanh1trcnmngangvitcquaykhngin=1500
vng/pht.Xcnhpsuttimttrongcakhun,nutrnglngringcangganglng
Chobitthmngknhtrongcangd=200mm,chiudyng

= 68670 N / m 3 .

= 20 mm .Tmhnhdngcamtngp.

Gii
Tcquay:

.n 3,14.1500
=
= 157 rad / s
30
30

Giatclclytmtrnmtkhun:

a = 2 .r = 157.0,12 = 2950 m / s 2
Trong:

r = r0 + =

d
0,2
+ =
+ 0,02 = 0,12m
2
2

Vg=9,81m/s2<<a=2950m/s2nnkhitnhtabquagiatc
trngtrng.
Chngctatrntrcng,trcxtrngvitrcngtac:

X = 0 ; z = 2 y ; Z = 2 z
Thayvophngtrnhviphncbntngqutcachtlng:

dp = ( Xdx + Ydy + Zdz )

= 2 ydy + 2 zdz

2 2
2r 2
y + z2 + C p =
+C
2
2
HngsCcxcnhtiukin:khi r = r0 (mttrongcang)th pt = p a do:
Tchphntac:

p=

C = pa

2 r02
2

Vy

p=

2 r 2 r02
+ pa
2

Nhnvophngtrnhtathypsuttrongganglngthayilutparaboltheophngbnknh.
psutdtimttrongcakhunl:

Page8of28

p d = pt p a =

r
2
2

r02

) = . (r

Phngtrnhviphnmtngp:
Tchphntac:

r02

) = 68670 . 157
9,81

CHcLuCht
2

(0,12 0,1
= 380000 N / m 2 = 3,87 at
2

ydy + 2 zdz = 0

2 .r 2
= const .Tathymtngplnhngmttrnctrctrngvitrcquay.
2

Bi2.8
Mtcavanhnhchnhttngcchiurngb=3m,trnglngnng700kGcthnnglnhoch
khngchlulngquacng.McncthngluH1=3mvmcnchluH2=1.5m

a) Xcnhimtvplctnglncavan.
b) Xcnhlcnngcavan,bitchiudycavanla=20cmvhsmastticckhephaif=1.4.
c) Xcnhimtbndmngangsaochoplcnctruynlntngdmlnhnhau.
Gii

a) Xcnhimtvplctnglncavan.
plcphathnglu:

Trs:

p1 =

imt:

.b 2 9810.3 2
.H 1 =
.3 = 132435 ( N )
2
2
2
2
Z D1 = H 1 = .3 = 2 (m)
3
3

plcphahlu:

.b 2 9810.3 2
.H 2 =
.1,5 = 33109 ( N )
2
2
2
2
imt: Z D2 = H 2 = .1,5 = 1 ( m)
3
3
Trs:

p2 =

plctnghp:

imtplctnghplncavan:

p = p1 p 2 = 132435 33109 = 99326 ( N )


A

Tac: M p

= M pA1 M pA2

P.Z D = P1 .Z D1 + P2 .( Z D2 + H 1 + H 2 )
ZD =

P1 .Z D1 + P2 .( Z D2 + H 1 + H 2 )
P

132435.2 + 33109.(1 + 3 1,5)


= 1,833 ( m)
99326

b) Lcnngcavan:

G:trnglngtmchn

T = G + f .P + FAC

= 700.9,81 + 1,4.99326 + 8829


= 154725,4 ( N )

:hsmastkhephai

FAC:lcyAcsimt.

FAC = .g .V = .g.a.b.H 2 = 1000.9,81.0,2.3.1,5 = 8829 ( N )

c) Xcnhimtbndmngangsaochoplcnctruynlntngdmlnhnhau:
plclnnhtkhiH2=0
plclP1.Domidmchu1lcl

P1

4
Page9of28

CHcLuCht

Pd1 = Pd 2

132435
= Pd3 = Pd 4 = P1 =
= 33108,75 ( N )
4
4

Taxemcasgm4tmghpli.
GiA,B,C,Dl4vtrthpnhtcabiupsuttnhtcdngln4dm.

P1
.b
1 .b 2

OA 2 =
H1
4
2
4 2
H
1
3
OA 2 = H 12 OA = 1 = = 1,5m
4
2
2
2
2
Z d1 = OA = 1,5 = 1m
3
3
P
.b
1 .b 2
Pd 2 = 1
OB 2 OA 2 =
H1

4
2
4 2
1
OB 2 OA 2 = H 12 OB 2
4
1
1
1
1
= OA 2 + H 12 = H 12 + H 12 = H 12
4
4
4
2

Pd1 =

OB =
Zd2 =

1 2
1 2
H1 =
3 = 2,12m
2
2
2 OB 3 OA3 2 2,123 1,53
=
= 1,828m
3 OB 2 OA2 3 2,122 1,52

P1
.b
1 .b 2

OC 2 OB 2 =
H1
4
2
4 2
1
1
1
1
3
OC 2 OB 2 = H 12 OC 2 = OB 2 + H 12 = H 12 + H 12 = H 12
4
4
2
4
4

Pd3 =

OC =
Z d3

3 2
H1 =
4

3 2
3 = 2,6m
4

2 OC 3 OB 3 2 2,6 3 2,12 3
=
= .
= 2,368m
3 OC 2 OB 2 3 2,6 2 2,12 2

P1
.b
1 .b 2

OD 2 OC 2 =
H1
4
2
4 2
1
1
3
1
OD 2 OC 2 = H 12 OD 2 = OC 2 + H 12 = H 12 + H 12 = H 12
4
4
4
4
OD = H 1 = 3m

Pd 4 =

Z d4 =

2 OD 3 OC 3 2 33 2,6 3
=
= 2,805m
3 OD 2 OC 2 3 3 2 2,6 2

Bi2.9

XcnhlcnngQnngtmchnnghingmtgc ,quaycquanhtrcO.Chiurngtmchnb=
1.5m,khongcchtmtncntrcOla=20cm.Gc

= 60 0 ,H=1.5m.Bquatrnglngtmchnv

masttrnbnlcatrcO.

Page10of28

CHcLuCht
Gii
plclntmchnl:

P=

.b
9810.1,5 2
H2 =
1,5 = 19115 ( N )
2 sin
2 sin 60 0

Vitrtmcaplc:

ZD =

2
2
.H =
.1,5 = 1,155 ( m )
3 sin
3 sin 60 0
0

nngctmchnnylnth: M Q

> M P0

Q
+ a > P( Z D + a )
sin

P( Z D + a ) 19115(1,155 + 0,2)
Q>
=
= 13406 ( N )
H
1,5
+a
+ 0,2
Sin
sin 60 0
VyQ>13406(N)
Bi2.10
MtcavanphnghnhchnhtnmnghingtavoimDnmditrngtmC20cm(tnhtheochiu
nghing)trngthicnbng.Xcnhplcnclncavannuchiurngcanb=4mvgcnghing

= 60 0 .
Gii
Tac Z D

= ZC + a

hC
H
=
sin 2 sin
H
ZD =
+a
2 sin
2H
Mtkhc Z D =
3 sin
M Z C

H = a.b. sin = 0,2.6. sin 60 0 = 1,04 ( m )

Vy P

.b
9810.4
H2 =
.1,04 2 = 24504 ( N )
0
2 sin
2. sin 60

Bi2.11
Xcnhlctcdnglnnpngtrncathngngduha.ngknhngd=600mm,mcduH=2.8m.
Xcnhimtcatngtnhp.Khilngringduhal880kg/m3.Chomomentquntnh I 0

.d 4
64

Gii
Lctcdnglnnpngchnhllcd: P

= .h.

Trong:hclkhongcchttmdintchnmtthong=H

dintchnmngtrn

Page11of28

CHcLuCht

P = 880.2,8.
imt: Z D

3,14.0,6
= 696,68 ( kg ) = 6834,43 ( N )
4

= ZC +

I0
.d 4 4 1
=H+
= 2,808 ( m )
.Z C
64 d 2 H

Z C = H

d 2

=
Vi:
4

d 4
I
=
0
64

ChngIV

TNTHTNNGLNG
Bi4.1
TbnhA,psuttuytitimtthongtrongbnhl1.2at,ncchyvobnhhB.Xcnhlulngnc
chyvobnhB,nuH1=10m,H2=2m,H3=1m,ngknhngd=100mm,ngknhngD=200mm,hs
cnkhoa k

= 4 ,bnknhvngR=100mm,bquatnthtdcng.

Gii

Page12of28

CHcLuCht

Vitphngtrnhchomtct11&22,ly22lmchuntac:

z1 +

p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + h

2g

2g

z1 = H = H 1 H 2 = 8m ; z 2 = 0
Chon = = 1

1
2
Trong:
2
p1 = 1,2at = 1,2.98100 = 117720 N / m
v v 0
2
1

= hd + hc = hc =

vd2
2g

+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 = 1 + 2 + 3 3 + 4 + 5 + 8

d 2
1 = 0,51 = 0,5
D

2 = k = 4

3 = 6 = 7 = 0,29 .V d 2 R = 0,5 = 0,29

d 2 0,1 2
9
4 = 1 = 1
=
D 0,2
16

p2 = pa

p1 p2
=
+ h

H+
Vi h

0,1 2 3
d 2

5 = 0,5 1 = 0,51
=
D
0,2 8

8 = 1

= 1 + 2 + 3 3 + 4 + 5 + 8 = 0,5 + 4 + 3.0,29 + 9

16

+ 3 + 1 = 7,0075
8

v d2
p1 p 2
H+
=
+

2g
H + 1 ( p p ) 2 g
2
1

vd =
=

(8 + 19810 (117720 98100) ).2.9,81 = 5,29 ( m / s )


7,0075

LulngncchyvobnhBl:

Page13of28

Q = Vd . Ad = Vd . . d

= 5,29.3,14. 0,1

CHcLuCht

= 0,041 m / s = 41 ( l / s )
3

Bi4.2
Ncchytbnhcaoxungthpquangcngknhd=50mm,chiudiL=30m.Xcnhchnkhng
mtctxx,nuchnhlchmcnctronghaibnhH=4.5m,chiucaocaxiphngz=2.5m,hscndc
ng

= 0,028 ,bnknhvngR=50mm,khochcchtungnmtctxxlL1=10m.
Gii

z1 +

VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22.Chomtct22lmchuntac:

p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + h

(*)

z1 = H ; z 2 = 0
Chon = = 1

1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
=
p
2
a
1
v1 v2 0
Thayvo(*)tac:
2
L
v
H = h = +
d
2g

v=

2 gH
L
+
d
Page14of28

CHcLuCht

L
30
= 0,028
= 16,8
d
0,05

= 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 1 + 4 2 + 6 =0,5 + 4.0,29 + 1 = 2,66


Vy:

v=

2 gH
2.9,81.4,5
=
= 2,13 ( m / s ) = v x
L
16
,
8
+
2
,
66
+
d

VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&xx.Chomtct11lmchuntac:

z1 +

p
v2
p1 1v12
+
= z x + x + x x + h x

2g

2g

(**)

z1 = 0 ; z 2 = z x
Chon = = 1

1
x
Trong:
p1 = pa p2 = p x
v1 0 v2 v x
Thayvo(**)tac:

pa p x
v2
= L1 + x + h x

2g
2
L
v
hx = 1 + x
d
2g
L
10
1 = 0,028
= 5,6
d
0,05

hck = z x +

pa p x
v2
hck = z x + x + h x

2g

hck =

+ 2 =0,5 + 0,29 = 0,79

v x2
2,132
+ h x = 2,5 + (1 + 5,6 + 0,79 )
= 4,21m
2g
2.9,81

Bi4.3
CmtviphuncungcpnctmtbchacaoH=10m,quangcngknhd 1=38mm,chiudiL=
18m.ngknhbphnlngD=200mm.Viphunlnghnhnn,mingvi,d 2=20mm,chsgincn

vi = 0.5 tnhtheovntctrongng.XcnhlulngQchyquavivchiucaodngncphunln,gi
thitsccncakhngkhlmgimi20%chiucao.Chohsginn = 0.03 ,hstnthtccbca
kha k = 4 ,bnknhvngR76mm.

Page15of28

CHcLuCht

Gii

z1 +

VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22.Chomtct22lmchuntac:

p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + h

2g

2g

(*)

z1 = H ; z 2 = 0
Chon = = 1

1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
=
p
2
a
1
v1 0

V2:lutcncchyquaviphun
A2:titdinlviphun: A2

A:titdincang: A

v2
v 22
v2 L
+ h = 2 + +
2g
2 g d1
2g

2 gH = v 22 + + v 2
d1

(**)

Phngtrnhlintc:

d
v .A
v. A = v 2 . A2 V = 2 2 = v 2 2
A1
d1

L
18
= 0,03.
= 14,21
d1
0,038

.d 2
4

V:lutcncchytrongng

Thayvo(*)tac:

H=

Trong:

+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10

= 1 + 2 2 + 4 3 + 4 + 5 + 10
= 0,5 + 2.4 + 4.0,15 + 0,93 + 0,48 + 0,5 = 11,01

.d1
4

d 2
1 = 0,51 = 0,5
D
2 = 6 = k = 4
3 = 7 = 8 = 9 = 0,15
d

Vi :
= 0,25 = 0,15
2R

0,038 2
d 2
4 = 1 = 1
= 0,93
0,2
D
0,038 2
d 2
5 = 0,51 = 0,51
= 0,48
D
0,2

10 = voi = 0,5

Thttcvo(**)tac:

L
d4
2 gH
2 gH = v 22 + + v 22 24 v 2 =
L
d4
d1
d1
1 + + 24
d1
d1
v2 =

2.9,81.10
0,02 4
1 + (14,21 + 11,01)
0,038 4

= 8,18 ( m / s )

Page16of28

CHcLuCht

.d
3,14.0,02
= 8,18.
= 0,0026 ( m 3 / s ) = 2,6 ( l / s )
4
4
2
2
v2
8,18
= 0,8
= 2,73 ( m )
Chiucaoncphunln: hv = 0,8
2g
2.9,81
Lulngchyquavi: Q

= v 2 . A2 = v 2 .

2
2

Bi4.4
Mybmlynctgingcungcpchothpchaphnphichomtvngdnc.(Hnh4.4)
Chobit:

Caotrnhmcnctrongging:z1=0.0m

Caotrnhmcncthpchancz2=26.43m

nght:diL=10m,ngknhngd=250mm,cchssccnccb:chvoclichnrc(

vo = 6 )mtchuncong( un = 0.294 ),n=0.013(ngnmngangbnhthng)

ngy:L=35m;d=200mm;n=0.013;khngtnhtnthtccb.
Mybmlytm:lulngQ=65L/s;hiusut

[ hck ] = 6m ctnc.

= 0.65 ;caochnkhngchophpchmybm

Yucu:
1. Xcnhcaotmybm.
2. TnhctncHcamybm.
3. TnhcngsutNmmybmtiuth.
4. Vngnnglngvngop.
Xemdngchytrongccngthuckhusccnbnhphng.

Gii
1. Xcnhcaotmybm:
Mybmchctcchmtnctronggingmtkhonghbnokhngqulnchopsuttuyti
mtct22khngqubmtgiihnxcnh,tcpsutchnkhngtiykhngvtqutrschophp

[ pck ] = [ hck ] .Mtheoth [ hck ] = 6m ctnc [ pck ] = 0,6at .

z1 +

VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22,ly11lmchuntac:

p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z 2 + 2 + 2 2 + hh

z1 = H ; z 2 = hb
Chon = = 1

1
2
Trong:
p1 = p a p 2 = pt2
v 0
1

(*)

v hh :ltngtnthtctnctrongnght.

Thayvo(*)tac:

p a p t2
pt
pa
v2
v2
= hb + 2 + 2 + hh hck = hb + 2 + hh V: hck =

2g
2g

Page17of28

CHcLuCht
Theo: hck
Tac: hh

[ hck ] = 6m ctnc hb [ hck ]

= hd + hcvao + hcuon

Tnh theocngthc

v 22
2g

+ hh

Lh
v2
=
+ vao + uon
d
2g

8g
C2

1
1
1 6 Vi R = d = 0,25 = 0,0625m C = 1 ( 0,0625) 6 = 50,4
C= R
4
4
0,013
n
8 g 8.9,81
L
10
= 2 =
= 0,03085
h = 0,03085
= 1,234
2
d
0,25
C
50,4

m/s

Lutctrongnghtl:

Q = v. A v =

Q
4
4.0,065
= 2 .Q =
= 1,324 ( m / s )
A d
3,14.0,25 2

v 2 1,324 2
=
= 0,09 ( m )
2 g 2.9,81

hbmax = 6 (1 + 1,234 + 6 + 0,294).0,09 = 6 0,77 = 5,23m


Vy: hb

< 5,23m

2. TnhctncHcamybm.
Ltnngmbnphicungcpchochtlngkhiiquan,cbiudinbngctncH(Mctnc).

Page18of28

CHcLuCht

Tac: H = H 0 + hw + hwh
Trong:

H 0 :lchnhlchahnh,tclcaommybmphiancln.
hw :tnthtctnctrongnght.
hwh :tnthtctnctrongngy.
H 0 = Z 2 Z1 = 26,43 0,00 = 26,43m
2
L
v
hw = + vao + uon 2 = (1,234 + 6 + 0,294 ).0,09 = 0,68m
d
2g

hwh =

Lh v 2
.
d 2g

ViVllutctrungbnhtrongngy:

V =
Vi R

4Q

d 2

hwh

V2 2,07 2
(
)
=
2
,
07
m
/
s
=
= 0,22m
3,14.0,2 2
2 g 2.9,81
4.0,065

d 0,2
=
= 0,05 ( m )
2
4

8g
C

8.9,81
48,7

C =

= 0,033

1
1
( 0,05) 6 = 48,7
0,013

m/s

L
35
= 0,033
= 5,78
d
0,25

Lh v 2
=
.
= 5,78.0,22 = 1,27 ( m )
d 2g

Vyctnccamybml:

H = H 0 + hw + hwh = 26,43 + 0,68 + 1,27 = 28,4 ( m ) ctnc.


3. TnhcngsutNmmybmtiuth:

N=

.Q.H 9810.0,065.28,4
=
= 27860 ( w)

0,65

Bi4.5
NctmtbnhchaAchyvobchaB,theomtngnggmhailoingcngknhkhcnhau.
(Hnh4.5).BitzA=13m,zB=5m,L1=30m,d1=150mm, 1

= 0.031 ,d2=200mm,L2=50m, 2 = 0.029 .

ngdnlloinggangdng,githitnctrongngkhusccnbnhphng.TnhlulngQvv
ngctnc,ngopcangng.

Gii

Page19of28

CHcLuCht

VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22,ly00lmchuntac:

zA +

p1 1v12
p
v2
+
= z B + 2 + 2 2 + hh

(1)

z1 = H ; z 2 = hb
Chon = = 1

1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
=
p
2
a
1
v1 v 2 0
Thayvo(1)tac: h = Z A Z B = 13 5 = 8 ( m )
Mtkhc: h

L
v2 L
v2
= hd + hc = 1 1 + 1 + 2 1 + 2 2 + 3 2
d1
2g d 2
2g

(2)

Phngtrnhlintc:

A2
d 22
V1. A1 = V2 . A2 V1 = V2
= V2 2
A1
d1
Thayvo(2)tac:

L
v2 d 4 L
v 2 v 2 L
d
h = 1 1 + 1 + 2 2 24 + 2 2 + 3 2 = 2 1 1 + 1 + 2 2
d1
2 g d1 d 2
2 g 2 g d1
d1
v2 =

+ 2 2 + 3

d2

2 gh
4

L1
d
L

1
+ 1 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 3
d1
d1
d2

1 = 0,5 (bvong)
2

d 2
150 2
2 = 1 = 1
= 0,191
D
200

3 = 1 (ngrab)
v2 =

2.9,81.8
4

30
50

0,2

+ 0,5 + 0,191
+ 1
0,031
+ 0,029
0,15
0,2

0,15

Lulng: Q

= 2,2863 ( m / s )

.d 22
3,14.0,2 2
= v2
= 2,2863.
= 0,0718 m 3 / s = 71,8 ( l / s )
4
4
Page20of28

CHcLuCht

Bi4.6
anclnmtthpncvilulngQ=40L/s,tatmtmybmlytm,caohnmcnctrongging
htlhb=5m,mcnctrongthpcaohnmyha=28m,dinghtLht=12m,dingyLy=3600m;
ngnghtvychsmast
hiusutmybml bom

= 0.028 .Tnhngknhnghtvy,tnhcngsutmybm,bit
= 0.8 ,hiusutngc ng co = 0.85 ,chnkhngchophpcamybml

6m.

Gii

Tnhngknhnght:

VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct11&22,ly11lmchuntac:

Page21of28

CHcLuCht

z1 +

p1
+

1v12
2

= z2 +

p2
+

2 v 22
2

z1 = 0 ; z 2 = hb
Chon = = 1

1
2
Trong:
p
=
p
a
1
v1 0

+ hh

(1)

v hh :ltngtnthtctnctrongnght.

Thayvo(1)tac:

pa
p p2
p
v2
v2
= hb + 2 + 2 + hh a
= hb + 2 + hh

2g

2g
V: hck

pa p2

V: hh

L
v2
= h + 1 + 3 2 2
dh
2g

v2

v2
L
L
hck = hb + 1 + h + 1 + 3 2 2 1 + h + 1 + 3 2 2 = hck hb = 6 5 = 1
dh
dh

2g

2g
Trong: v 2 =

4.Q

d h2

v 22 =

16.Q 2

2 .d h2

v: 1

(2)

= 0,5 ; 2 = 0,29

16.0,04 2
12

+ 0,5 + 3.0,29
=1
Thayvo(2)tac: 1 + 0,028
2
4
d
h

3,14 .2.9,81.d h

0,336 132.10 6

2,37 +
= 1 d h = 200mm
d h d h4

Tnhngknhngy:

VitphngtrnhBecnoulychomtct33&44tac:

z3 +

p3 3v32
p
v2
+
= z 4 + 4 + 4 4 + h

z 3 = 0 ; z 4 = ha
Chon = = 1

3
4
Trong:
p4 = pa
v 4 0

(3)

v hh :ltngtnthtctnctrongnght.

Thayvo(3)tac:

p3 v32
p
p pa
v2
+
= ha + a + h 3
= ha 3 + h

2g

2g
V: hck

pa p2

V: h

L
=
d

p3 p a
v2 L v2
= ha 3 + 3

2g d 2g
Giitngt d = 200mm

v32

2g

(4)

Nnglngtngthm:

Page22of28

CHcLuCht

v 22

L v32

H b = Z 4 + hh + h = Z 4 + h + 1 + 3 2
+
d 2g
dh
2g
4.Q
4.0,04
v2 = 2 =
= 1,273 ( m / s )
d h 3,14.0,2 2
v3 =

4.Q

d 2

4.0,04
3,14.0,2 2

= 1,273 ( m / s )

12
3600 1,273 2

1,273 2
H b = 5 + 2,8 + 0,028
+ 0,5 + 3.0,29
+ 0,028
= 49,6 ( m )
0,2
0,2 2.9,81

2.9,81
Cngsutcncungcpchomybm:

N=

.Q.H b
9810.0,04.49,6
=
= 28622 ( w)
bom . dongco
0,8.0,85

Page23of28

CHcLuCht

BITPCHNGV

DNGCHYQUAL,VI
Bi5.7
Xcnhthigianncchyhtmtbchalngtr,sunctrongbH=4m;cdintchy = 5m 2 ,
quahailtrn,lnmthnhbncchye=2mvmtly.Kchthchailgingnhaud=10cm.Cho
hslulng

= 0.6
Gii

Tac T

= T1 + T2 (bquav0)

T1thigianqua2l(mcnctH He)
T2thigianqualy(khonge)
Tthigianthotonb

( h e) 2 g

Lulnglbn: Qb

= . A1

Lulngly: Q

= . A2 2 gh

T1 =

H e

.dh
.. 2 g

..e 2 g

H e

he + h

.. 2 g

H e

dh
he + h
H e

3
2 3
2
2 h 2
(
)
h e + h dh =
h

3
..e 2 g 3
H

2
.
( H 2e ) 3 2 2( H e ) 3 2 + 4 3 2
=

3 ..e 2 g
=

2
3

( 4 2.2 ) 3 2 2( 4 2 ) 3 2 + 4 3 2 = 187,1 ( s )

.0,12
2. 2.9,81
4
2...e
2.5.2
T2 =
=
= 677,5 ( s )
.. 2 ge
.0,12
0,6
2.9,81.2
4
T = 187,1 + 677,6 = 864,6 ( s ) = 1424,6
0,6.

Page24of28

CHcLuCht
Bi5.8
TnhthigianthocnbchanchnhlngtrhnhthangdiL=4m,chiurngmtthongB=5m.Choh
slulng

= 0.6 .
Gii

Dintchcamtthong

= MN.L
M MN = b + .MP

MP
h
=
Tactl: B b
H
2
Bb
h

2 h

MP =
=
H
5
8
= 12 + h
5
Thigianncchyhtbl:
H2

T =

H1

.dh
M . A. 2 gh

d
.
4

.65,6 = 5223

2 gh

Vythigianncchyhtbl 5223
Bi5.9
Tnhthigianthohtnctrongbchahnhtrtrncngknhd=2.4m,caoH=6mtrong2trnghp.

a. Bchadngng,yckhotl,dintch = 1.76 dm 2
b. Bchanmngang,yckhotl,cngcdintch = 1.76 dm 2
Chobittrongchaitrnghp,mtthongcabuthngvikhtri.

Gii
1. Bchadngng:

.d 2 .( 2,4 ) 2
Tac: =
=
= 4,524 ( m 2 )
4
4
Thigianthohtnctrongb:

T=

2. .H
m.. 2 gh

2.4,524.6
0,6.1,76.10 2 2.9,81.6

= 473,8 ( s ) = 7 53,8

2. Bchanmngang:

Page25of28

CHcLuCht

2
2
.dh
.dx
2 H .r. sin x.
4 H .r
sin xdx
T = 2
=2
=2
dx =

Q
Q
mw 2 g .r
cos x
r
0
0 m.w 2 g .r. cos x
2

==
=

4 H .r

mw 2 g .r
8H

cos x

8H

cos x

mw 2 gh

8.6.1,2

mw 2 gh

d ( cos x )

= 1214 ( s ) = 1844

0,6.1,76.10 2 2.9,81.1,2

BITPCHNGVI

DNGCHYNNH,U,CPTRONGNGDI
Bi6.1
XcnhlulngchytbchaAquabchaB.nggangtrongiukinbnhthng.
Gii

H
L

=K J =K

Lulng: Q

nggangbnhthng:n=0,0125
Modullulng:

K=

.d
n.4

8
5

3,14.0,2

0,0125.4

= 0,314 m 3 / s

Lulng:

Q=K

( )

H
20 15
= 0,314.
= 0,0241 m 3 = 24,1 ( l / s )
L
1000

Bi6.2
XcnhctncHcnthitdntbAquabBlulngQ=50L/s.Kchthcngngxembi1.
Gii
Tbi1tac:K=0,314m /s
3

Ctnc: H

Q2
K2

L=

0,05 2
0,314 2

1000 = 21,5m

Bi6.3

Page26of28

CHcLuCht
XcnhngknhdcamtngthpmidnlulngQ=200L/sdictnctcdngH=10m.chiu
dingL=500m

Gii
Modullulng: Q

=K J K=

=Q

L
500
= 0,2
= 1,414 m 3 / s
H
10

ngsch:n=0,011
ngknh: K

.d
n.4

8
5

K
d = n

1,414

= 0,011

3,14

= 0,325 ( m ) = 325mm

Bi6.4

Mtliphnphicsvccsliuchohnhv.Ctnctdocuiccngngh 5m.nggang
bnhthng.Ccstronghnhtamgicchcaotrnhmttticcim.(Hnh6.4)
Yucu:
1. Tnhngknhchottcmngchnhvph.
2. Tnhchiucaothpcha.
3. VngopchongngABCDE.
Gii

TheonhnghavngngchnhtachntuynngABCDEvimEccaotrnhkhngbhnso
viccimkhc.Ngoirachiudicatuynldinht.Ccngngcnliccoilngnhnh.
1. Chnngknhvtnhcaochomngngchnh.
im

on

ng

(m)

(l/s)

(mm)

(m/s)

AB

500

65

300

0,92

hd

cao

(l/s)

(m)

op

1005,18

2,18

26,8
1,042

Page27of28

CHcLuCht
B

24,62
BC

600

50

250

1,02

1,028

618,15

4,03

20,59
CD

300

15

150

0,85

1,0525

158,31

2,83

17,76
DE

500

100

0,64

1,098

53,69

4,76

13

2. Chiucaothpchanc.
SaukhitnhchoccngngchnhABCDE,tacctncopticconngnhnhcnli(cc
imB,C,D)ulnhnctncopticuion(F,K,M,N).DocthxemvicchnABCDElm
ngchnhlhpl.
h=26,810=16,8(m)
3. Chnngknhvcaochonhnh.
L

(m)

(l/s)

ung

BM

300

DN

700

CO
DP

Nhnh

Caotrnhccimop

K2.105

hd

Cuing

(l/s)

(m)

(mm)

24,62

15

9,62

0,865

100

10

14,62

15

9,62

8,065

125

250

15

20,59

14

6,59

10,044

150

400

10

17,76

12

5,76

14,285

125

Page28of28

You might also like