Bn phn cng cng vic

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. V Th My Hong Th Thanh Thanh Hong Th Huyn V Th Thy Linh m Th Lan Hng V Th Ngn Giang Hong Vn Lm Trn Mnh Linh Phm Thy Linh CQ 522297 CQ523305 CQ525111 CQ522136 CQ525112 CQ520907 CQ521946 CQ501476 CQ522105 CQ CQ522592 CQ522624 Tim kim tai liu Tim kim tai liu Tim kim tai liu Tim kim tai liu + Tng Hp TL, Lm slide Tim kim tai liu Tim kim tai liu Tim kim tai liu Tim kim tai liu Tm kim tai liu+thuyt trnh. Tm Kim tai trnh Tim kim tai liu + trnh Tim kim tai liu +thuyt trnh

10. inh vn Hong An liu+thuyt 11. Hong B Nguyn Lam 12 Nguyn Th Kim Nhnh

THC TRNG THANH TON TH VIT NAM

t lu, vic s dng tin mt trong thanh ton c coi l mt lng ph ln i vi nn kinh t quc gia v n lun i km vi cc ri ro : mt mt, chi ph vn chuyn, kim m, in n, bo qun => tin mt khng c coi l phng tin thanh ton u vit. T phn s dng tin mt trong hot ng thanh ton c xem nh mt thc o nh gi s pht trin ca nn kinh t.

=> l tin cho vic ra i hng lot cc phng tin thanh ton phi tin mt nh: u nhim chi, u nhim thu, sc, ngn phiu thanh ton, th tn dng. Cng vi s pht trin ca nn kinh t cc phng tin thanh ton phi tin mt trn ngy cng c s dng rng ri trong giao dch kinh doanh ca cc t chc kinh t. Tuy nhin, cc phng tin thanh ton ny mi ch gii hn trong cc giao dch kinh t, t c ph bin trong i sng sinh hot ca i b phn dn c. S ra i ca th ngn hng chnh l nhm p ng nhu cu giao dch n l ca cc c nhn nhm tng bc dn thay th tin mt trong giao dch ca x hi.

I. Tng quan v thanh ton th

1. Khi nim .
C rt nhiu cch gi tn th thanh ton: v d tin nha plastic money, hay tin in t electronic money =>Th thanh ton l phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt, do ngn hng pht hnh th cp cho khch hng s dng thanh ton tin hng ho dch v hoc rt tin mt cc my rt tin t ng hay ti cc ngn hng i l trong phm vi s d ca ti khon tin gi hoc hn mc tn dng c k kt gia ngn hng pht hnh th v ch th. (hiu nm na l tin in t) =>T khi nim nu trn, ta c th rt ra mt s c im ca th ngn hng ni chung: -Th ngn hng l phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt, ra i t phng thc mua bn chu hng ho bn l v pht trin gn lin vi vic ng dng cng ngh tin hc trong lnh vc ti chnh ngn hng.

-Th ngn hng l cng c thanh ton do ngn hng pht hnh th cp cho khch hng s dng thanh ton hng ho dch v ti cc im cung ng hng ho dch v c hp ng thanh ton vi ngn hng, hoc rt tin mt ti cc my giao dch t ng hay cc ngn hng i l trong phm vi s d tin gi ca mnh hoc nh mc tn dng c cp. -Th ngn hng cn dng thc hin nhiu chc nng khc nh xem s d, t lnh chuyn tin, thng qua h thng giao dch t ng hay cn gi l h thng t phc v ATM.

2. Thnh vin tham gia vo 1 giao dich th.: thng c 5 thnh vin: a.Ngn hng pht hnh (Card Issuer): Ngn hng pht hnh l ngn
hng c s cho php ca t chc th hoc cng ty th trao quyn pht hnh cho nhng th mang thng hiu ca t chc v cng ty mnh V d nh th Visa do Vietcombank pht hnh c tn l Vietcombank Visa. i vi th quc t, ngn hng pht hnh phi l thnh vin chnh thc ca cc t chc th quc t.

b.Ch th (Cardholder): L c nhn hoc ngi c u quyn (nu l

th cng ty) c ngn hng pht hnh cho php s dng th chi tr, thanh ton tin hng ho dch v hay rt tin mt theo nhng iu khon, iu kin do ngn hng pht hnh quy nh. Mt ch th c th s hu mt hoc nhiu th.

c.Ngn hng i l / Ngn hng thanh ton (Acquirer): Ngn hng

thanh ton l ngn hng chp nhn cc giao dch th nh mt phng tin thanh ton thng qua vic k kt hp ng chp nhn th vi cc im cung ng hng ho, dch v trn a bn.

d.C s chp nhn th (Merchant) : C s chp nhn th (CSCNT) l

n v bn hng ho v dch v (nh: siu th, khch sn, i l bn v my bay) c k kt vi ngn hng thanh ton v vic chp nhn thanh ton th. Cc n v ny c trang b my mc k thut tip nhn th thanh ton tin hng, dch v, tr n thay tin mt.

e.T chc th quc t: L t chc ng ra lin kt vi cc thnh vin,

t ra cc quy nh bt buc cc thnh vin phi p dng v tun theo thng nht thnh mt h thng ton cu. Bt c Ngn hng no hin nay hot ng trong lnh vc th thanh ton quc t u phi gia nhp vo mt T chc th quc t.

3.c im ca thanh ton th:

a.Tnh linh hot : Th thanh ton c nhiu loi, a dng, phong ph v hn mc tn dng ca th nn thch hp vi hu ht mi i tng khch hng. t nhng khch hng c thu nhp thp (th thng) cho ti nhng khch hng c thu nhp cao (th vng), khch hng c nhu cu rt tin mt (th rt tin mt), cho ti nhu cu du lch gii tr, th cung cp cho khch hng tho dng ti a, tho mn nhu cu ca mi i tng khch hng. b.Tnh tin li: Th c th thanh ton gn nh bt c ni no m khngcn phi mang theo tin mt hay sc du lch, khng ph thuc vo khi lng tin h cn thanh ton. c.Tnh an ton v nhanh chng: V d trong trng hp th b ly cp, ngn hng cng bo v tin cho ch th bng s PIN, nh v ch k trn th nhm trnh kh nng rt tin ca k n trm.Hn th na, hu ht cc giao dch th u c thc hin qua mng kt ni trc tuyn t c s chp nhn th hay im rt tin mt ti

ngn hng thanh ton, ngn hng pht hnh v cc T chc th Quc t dn n vic qu trnh thanh ton din ra rt d dng, tin li v nhanh chng

4. Phn loi th:

ng trn nhiu gic khc nhau phn loi th c th chia th thnh nhiu loi khc nhau. 4.1 Phn loi theo cng ngh sn xut: C 3 loi -Th khc ch ni: -Th bng t ho an -Th thng minh 4.2 Theo ch th pht hnh: - Th do ngn hng pht hnh: V d nh: VISA, MASTERCARD, JCB -Th do cc t chc phi ngn hng pht hnh: V d: Th Dinners Club, Amex 4.3 Theo tnh cht thanh ton ca th: - Th tn dng: L loi th c s dng ph bin nht, theo ngi ch th c s dng mt hn mc tn dng tun hon mua sm hng ho, dch v ti nhng c s chp nhn loi th ny. thng do ngn hng pht hnh v thng c quy nh mt hn mc tn dng nht nh trn c s kh nng ti chnh, ti sn th chp ca ch th. Ch th ch c php chi tiu trong phm vi hn mc cho. Ch th phi thanh ton cho Ngn hng pht hnh th theo k hng thng. Li sut tn dng ty thuc vo quy nh ca mi Ngn hng pht hnh. Tnh cht tn dng ca th cn th hin vic ch th c ng trc mt hn mc tiu dng m khng phi tr tin ngay, ch thanh ton sau mt k hn nht nh. Th tn dng c coi l mt cng c tn dng trong lnh vc cho vay tiu dng. -Th ghi n: Vi loi th ny, ch th c th chi tr tin hng ho, dch v da trn s d ti khon tin gi hoc ti khon vng lai ca mnh ti ngn hng pht hnh th. khng c hn mc tn dng v n ph thuc vo s d hin hu trn ti khon ca ch th. S tin ch th chi tiu s c khu tr ngay vo ti khon ca ch th thng qua nhng thit b in t t ti c s chp nhn th. Ch th cng c th c ngn hng cp cho mt mc thu chi, tu theo s tho thun gia ch th v ngn hng . l mt khon tn dng ngn hn m ngn hng

cp cho ch th. C 2 loi th ghi n c bn: -Th Online: Nhng thng tin v giao dch c kt ni trc tip t thit b in t t ti c s chp nhn th hoc im rt tin mt ti Ngn hng phthnh. Gi tr nhng giao dch c khu tr trc tip v lp tc vo ti khon ca ch th. -Th Offline: Thng tin giao dch c lu ti my in t ca c s chp nhn th v c chuyn n Ngn hng pht hnh mun hn (khng c kt ni trc tip vo thi im thanh ton). Gi tr nhng giao dch s c khu tr vo ti khon ca ch th sau vi ngy. Ngoi 2 loi th ph bin nht l th tn dng v th ghi n, cn mt s loi th cng c s dng rng ri cho mt s mc ch nht nh nh: -Th rt tin mt: -Th lu tr gi tr: (th in thoi VN l mt v d in hnh). 4.4 Theo phm vi lnh th -Th ni a: -Th quc t: 4.5. Theo mc ch v i tng s dng -Th kinh doanh:. -Th du lch v gii tr 4.6. Theo hn mc ca th -Th thng - Th vng:

5. Vai tr ca th ngn hng i vi vic pht trin kinh t x hi

Nh nhng thnh tu rc r trong lnh vc cng ngh thng tin nhng nm gn y, cng dng ca th ngy cng c pht trin v m rng. Th ngy cng th hin vai tr to ln ca mnh trong pht trin kinh t x hi. iu ny c th hin trn cc mt sau:

Gim khi lng tin mt trong lu thng: L mt phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt, vai tr u tin ca th l gim khi lng tin mt trong lu thng. cc nc pht trin, thanh ton tiu dng bng th

chim t trng ln nht trong tng s cc phng tin thanh ton. Nh vy m khi lng cng nh p lc tin mt trong lu thng gim ng k.

Tng nhanh khi lng chu chuyn, thanh ton trong nn kinh t: Hu ht mi giao dch th trong phm vi quc gia hay ton cu u c thc hin v thanh ton trc tuyn (online) v vy tc chu chuyn, thanh ton nhanh hn nhiu so vi nhng giao dch thanh ton khc nh: sc, u nhim chi, u nhim thu Thay v thc hin cc giao dch trn giy t, vi giao dch th, mi thng tin u c x l qua h thng my mc in t thun tin, nhanh chng. Thc hin chnh sch qun l v m ca nh nc: Trong thanh ton th, cc giao dch u nm di s kim sot ca ngn hng. Nh cc ngn hng c th d dng kim sot c mi giao dch, to nn tng cho cng tc qun l thu ca nh nc (trnh c tnh trng tht thu thu), thc hin chnh sch ngoi hi quc gia. Thc t hin nay, mi ch , chnh sch lin quan n th u da trn chnh sch qun l ngoi hi ca nh nc. Thc hin bin php kch cu ca nh nc: S tin li m th mang li cho ngi s dng, c s chp nhn th, ngn hng khin cho ngy cng c nhiu ngi a chung s dng th, tng cng chi tiu bng th. iu ny lm cho th tr thnh mt cng c hu hiu, gp phn thc hin bin php kch cu ca nh nc. Khuyn khch pht hnh thanh ton th cng l khuyn khch tng cu tiu dng. iu ny cng to nn mt knh cung ng vn hiu qu ca cc ngn hng thng mi. Ci thin mi trng vn minh thng mi, thu ht khch du lch v u t nc ngoi: Thanh ton bng th l gim bt cc giao dch th cng, tip cn vi mt phng tin vn minh ca th gii do s to ra

mt mi trng thng mi vn minh, hin i hn. y cng l yu t thu ht khch du lch, cc nh u t nc ngoi vo Vit Nam. Bn cnh vic em li li ch to ln cho x hi, th c s dng ngy cng rng ri cng l nh nhng tin ch thit thc m n em li cho nhng i tng lin quan trc tip: ch th, c s chp nhn th, ngn hng.

II. Thc trng thanh ton th VN

1.S ra i v pht trin hot ng thanh ton th ti Vit Nam
Hot ng thanh ton th xut hin ti Vit Nam t nhng nm 90, khi khch du lch n Vit Nam v mang theo th tn dng quc t: Visa, Mastercard, Amex, JCB, Diners Club.Cc ngn hng cung cp dch v rt tin bng th tn dng u tin l Vietcombank m u cho ngnh kinh doanh th ti Vit Nam. C th chia hot ng thanh ton th ti Vit Nam lm 2 giai on: *Giai on 1990-1996: Pht trin hot ng chp nhn th Hot ng thanh ton th ti Vit Nam thi k ny ch yu l chp nhn th vi vai tr gn nh ch o ca VCB- ngn hng u tin duy nht chp nhn thanh ton th tn dng quc t Visa ti Vit Nam thng qua hp ng i l vi ngn hng BFCE Singapore nm 90, VCB l ngn hng tin phong m ng cho s pht trin ca mt phng thc thanh ton hin i nht ti Vit Nam lc by gi. VCB lin tip k hp ng lm i l thanh ton cc loi th tn dng ph bin khc vi cc i tc nc ngoi, th MasterCard vi cng ty ti chnh MBF, Malaysia ( nm 1991), th JCB vi cng ty th JCB ca Nht Bn ( nm 1993),th Amex vi cng ty th American Express, Hng Kng ( nm 1994) ng thi pht hnh th thanh ton Vietcombank (SmartCard) vi cng ngh chip vo nm 1993.

Tuy nhin th Smart Card khng gp c s hng ng ca cng chng v khi iu kin kinh t ca Vit Nam cn cha pht trin, ti khon tin gi c nhn cha nhiu,ch tp trung vo mt s i tng c thu nhp cao, mt khc cc c s chp nhn th cha ph bin nn th thng minh khng c s dng rng ri thanh ton hng ha, dich v m ch yu l rt tin mt. =>th thanh ton ny ch c chp nhn trong phm vi hn ch ti cc my giao dch t ng ca VCB, m h thng ny sau khi trin khai t ra hot ng km hiu qu, gp nhiu hng hc v ch c hot ng tr li vo nm 1999 khi th trng th Vit Nam bc sang mt giai on khc. *Giai on 1996 - n nay: Hot ng pht hnh v chp nhn th Mc d loi th thng minh khng pht huy c hiu qu kinh t v buc phi ngng pht hnh vo nm 1999 nhng li l bc th nghim v cng quan trng cho vic chnh thc pht hnh th tn dng quc t Visa v Mastercard giai on sau . Thng 4 nm 1996, 4 ngn hng l Vietcombank, Chu, Eximbank v FirstVina Bank (nay l Chohung Vina Bank) tr thnh nhng thnh vin chnh thc u tin ca Mastercard ti Vit Nam Chic th tn dng quc t u tin do ngn hng Vit Nam pht hnh l th Vietcombank Master Card ( thng 4 nm 1996) v sau l th ACB Mastercard xut hin vo qu 3 nm 1996 Vo cui nm 1999 tr li y, th trng th thanh ton Vit Nam bt u c du hiu pht trin si ng vi ngy cng nhiu cc ngn hng tham gia vo lnh vc dch v ny. Bn cnh th tn dng quc t, th trng th thanh ton ca Vit Nam cn cho ra i hng lot cc sn phm mi khc nh: th ghi n quc t, th tn dng ni a, th ghi n ni a.

2. Thnh tu:
V t c nhng thnh tu ng k: - Bc u hnh thnh mt th trng th thanh ton y . Khi u ch lm i l thanh ton cho cc ngn hng nc ngoi, sau mt thi gian tip

cn cng ngh th hin i, cc ngn hng Vit Nam tin n trc tip pht hnh th cho khch hng, c bit l th tn dng quc t. Vi thnh cng ny, th trng thanh ton th ca Vit Nam nh du mt bc tin b vt bc. Tuy nhin, cht lng th pht hnh cha tht tt do cng ngh in th, dp th ca ta cn cha tt. Dch v th cung cp cho khch hng i khi cn cha thng sut, tng ni, tng lc th b t chi thanh ton do trc trc v k thut. -Cc ngn hng trong nc (c bit l VCB v ACB) ng vai tr chnh trn sn chi ny Qua phn tch trn, chng ta thy cc ngn hng trong nc ch ng u t cng ngh, mnh dn a ra nhiu loi hnh thanh ton th trn th trng. ACB tuy l mt ngn hng c phn, c rt nhiu hn ch v cng ngh nhng tham gia rt tch cc vo th trng pht hnh th. VCB lun i u trong vic a ra cc gii php v th. Tuy nhin, VCB ang dn phi san s th phn ca hot ng thanh ton th cho cc ngn hng khc. Cng cn ni thm rng, c c thnh cng ny mt phn ln do n lc ca cc ngn hng, mt phn cng do chnh sch ca nh nc hin nay ch cho php 3 ngn hng trong nc pht hnh th tn dng quc t: VCB, ACB, Eximbank v mt s ngn hng nc ngoi pht hnh th ghi n quc t: ANZ, HSBC v Ngn hng Cng thng. - Th thanh ton ni a pht trin kh mnh v chng loi, th tc ng k d dng Vi rt nhiu sn phm th khc nhau, cc ngn hng kh nng ng trong vic m rng s la chn ca khch hng. Mt khc, so vi sn phm ca cc ngn hng nc ngoi, mc k qu i vi th tn dng hay s d ti thiu khi ng k mt th ghi n ni a cng tng i ph hp vi

thu nhp ca ngi Vit Nam. Vic a ra sn phm th ph, cng nh th cng ty l rt ph hp vi th trng Vit Nam. - C s h thng k thut ca mt s ngn hng thng mi bc u c ci thin Trong s cc ngn hng tham gia giao dch th, cc ngn hng thng mi quc doanh ang tin hnh vic nng cp h thng k thut, lm nn tng m rng v pht trin hot ng thanh ton ni chung v hat ng th ni ring. l d n ca Ngn hng Nh nc v Ngn hng th gii u t cho 4 ngn hng TMQD trong vic chuyn i sang h thng bn l t tiu chun quc t v nghip v v cng ngh do cng ty Silverlake (Malaysia) cung cp. H thng ny c cc dch v h tr t ng v c kh nng thanh ton trc tuyn (on-line) ti hu ht cc chi nhnh trong cng h thng. H thng ny s c gi tr rt ln khi m rng v pht trin dch v th vi quy m ln. Bn cnh , mt s ngn hng cn u t chng trnh qun l pht hnh v thanh ton th vi chun quc t nh chng trnh Semacard ca VCB, hay h thng dch v online m i u l VCB, hot ng t 15/5/2002, h thng ny cho php khch hng m ti khon mt ni nhng c th giao dch bt k a im no trong h thng ca VCB. H thng ny c thc hin vi vic ng dng ch k in t trong thanh ton. VCB-online chc chn s thu ht c nhiu khch hng ti m ti khan hn

3.Nhng hn ch v nguyn nhn

3.1. Nhng hn ch - T l thanh ton th cha cao trong tng thanh ton ca ton x hi Theo nh gi chung ca cc ngn hng, s gia tng s dng cc phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt mi tp trung khu vc cc t chc kinh t, cn khu vc dn c, din bin ny kh chm chp. Trong 4 phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt ang c dng ch yu l y nhim chi, y nhim thu, sc v th thanh ton th y nhim chi c tc pht trin nhanh nht v c dng nhiu nht, chim ti hn 80% gi tr thanh ton, sc chim 3% (trc y l 15%). i vi th, mc d trong my nm gn y, mt s ngn hng t pht hnh cc loi th tung ra th trng gy mt cm tng rng th thanh ton ang c n nhn tch cc vi mt s dng cao, th nhng theo thng k ca NHNN th gi tr thanh ton ca cc loi th ny mi ch chim trn 1% tng gi tr thanh ton. - Ngi tiu dng cha thy th ngn hng thc s mang li nhiu tin ch cho mnh, m phn ln s dng nh mt ti khon tit kim ng trn quan im ngi tiu dng, khi nghin cu tin ch ca mt s loi th ngn hng ta nhn thy cc sn phm th Vit Nam c chung mt c im hoc l tin ch km, hoc l ph cao so vi thu nhp ca ngi dn. Mt s chng trnh du hc trn gi do cc ngn hng cung cp c a ra hnh thc cp th tn dng cho hc sinh chi tiu, thanh ton hc ph nc ngoi. Theo mi chi ph du hc sinh cn thanh ton c ngn hng ng trc, hoc ngn hng pht hnh mt th ghi n, ph huynh khng phi lo chuyn tin cho con m ch vic thanh ton s d cho ngn hng. Xt trn kha cnh tin li th loi hnh ny rt ph hp, khch hng ch phn nn v l ph. Vi mt khon ph rt tin 6% trn tng s tin nu rt tin mt ti nc ngoi vi cc sn phm th tn dng VCB v ACB, hoc 75.000 i vi th ghi n ANZ l khng h nh vi sinh vin. Bn cnh , khi thanh ton th ti nc ngoi, c rt nhiu ph n m ch th phi chu nh: t gi quy i t ng tin nc s ti sang ng la M v t chc th quc t s tnh ph chuyn i (thng thng l 1,1%).

Khi v nc thanh ton li vi ngn hng pht hnh th trong nc, ch th li chu thm mt ln quy i na, t USD sang VND vi ph chuyn i (thng l 1%). Nh vy khi mua mt mn hng, ch th phi chu mt khon tin bng 2 ln chnh lch t gi v 2 ln ph chuyn i. i vi cc loi th tn dng hay ghi n trong nc, tuy ph hot ng c gim hn, nhng khch hng li gp hn ch v im rt tin mt hoc thanh ton hng ho, dch v. Khi thanh ton th ti cc i l trong nc, theo thng l, cc im mua sm s phi tr cho ngn hng mt khon ph chit khu tnh trn gi tr hng ho, dch v thanh ton bng th. Th nhng, nhiu i l thy tic v b gim bt tin li khi b trch li ph chit khu nn nng gi bn i vi khch hng dng th. Tuy b ngn hng khuyn co, nhng hin tng ny vn xy ra. 3.2. Nguyn nhn ca nhng hn ch - Nguyn nhn 1: Thi quen dng tin mt ca ngi dn Mc d c coi l mt th trng tim nng pht trin dch v th, nhng trong 15 nm dch v th i vo i sng tiu dng ca ngi dn Vit Nam vn trong giai on thm nhp ban u. Doanh s pht hnh th vn cn mc thp, mng pht hnh li l thuc nng n vo dng khch nc ngoi hoc cn b ca chnh cc ngn hng pht hnh hay mt vi cng ty nc ngoi. Mt trong nhng nguyn nhn gy cn tr s pht trin hot ng th l phi ni ti thi quen dng tin mt bn r qu lu trong t duy tiu dng ca ngi dn. Ngi Vit Nam gn nh vn coi tin mt l phng tin khng th thay th trong thanh ton tiu dng v cm nhn vic thun tin, yn tm khi thanh ton v nhn thanh ton bng tin mt. Khch hng c nhn cha thc s tham gia nhiu vo vic s dng cc dch v ngn hng ngoi vic gi tin tit kim. V vy rt kh to ra mt bc thay i ln no nu ngi dn cha quen vi mt phng tin thanh ton mi cho d n c tin ch n u. Mc d vn ny khng th khc phc mt sm

mt chiu nhng hon ton c th ci thin c bng chnh sch marketing ca cc ngn hng. - Nguyn nhn 2: Thu nhp bnh qun thp Hin nay, mc thu nhp hng nm bnh qun u ngi ca Vit Nam cn thp so vi cc nc trong khu vc cng l mt tr ngi cho vic pht trin s dng th, bnh qun khong 450 USD/ngi/nm. Vic p dng thu thu nhp, thu VAT cng lm nh hng ti thu nhp c th s dng ca ngi dn. Do , nhu cu chi tiu s khng ln v i vi h chi ph b ra cho vic s dng dch v th l qu ln so vi nhng li ch m th mang li. Nhiu ngi dn Vit Nam cha mt ln t chn n ngn hng v cng cha h c nim g v phng tin thanh ton bng th ngn hng. Ngoi ra, do thu nhp cn thp nn nhu cu i du lch ca ngi dn cng khng cao, nht l cc chuyn du lch nc ngoi cn rt him. Trong khi , dch v th c th phc v rt tt cho khch du lch, c bit du lch nc ngoi. Do vy, y chnh l mng th trng cn b ng v vn cn l tim nng trong tng lai pht trin dch v th ca Vit Nam. - Nguyn nhn 3: H thng ti khon c nhn cha pht trin Mi trng kinh t x hi ca Vit Nam hin nay vn cha thun tin cho vic pht hnh th tn dng theo ng tnh cht ca n. Do thiu thng tin v c s nh gi khch hng, nn hu ht th hin nay pht hnh trn c s k qu, th chp cm c. Php lut v c ch php l bo v ngn hng trong dch v pht hnh th tn chp cn s si, km hiu qu lm cho nguy c ri ro vi ngn hng gia tng. Nh vy gy kh khn cho khch hng cng nh ngn hng trong vic m rng quy m khch hng. Thc t, cc nc pht trin, hu ht mi giao dch ca ngi dn u c thc hin qua ngn hng nn ngn hng nm rt r kh nng ti chnh ca khch hng - y l c s pht hnh th rt gin tin. Cn Vit Nam, h thng ti khon c nhn hu nh cha pht trin, nu c cng dng tr lng cho nhn vin, cc ngn hng, cc doanh nghip c yu t nc ngoi m cha c dng trong thanh ton mt cch rng ri cho mi ngi dn.

- Nguyn nhn 4: Nhn thc ca c s chp nhn th cn hn ch, dch v my giao dch t ng cha tin li Dch v th khng th hon thin nu thiu s tham gia ca cc CSCNT v h l ni to nn tin ch ca dch v th. Tuy nhin, vn m rng cc CSCNT ny cn gp nhiu kh khn do h khng nhn thc ht c rng vic chp nhn thanh ton th l thu ht khch hng, tng ngun thu qua bn hng. Thc t, cc CSCNT li ch bit h phi chu mc chiu khu 2,5% trn doanh s thanh ton theo ho n th m ngn hng quy nh. Theo cch p gi ny, vi mi ng bn hng ho, dch v cho khch hng s dng th, CSCNT s b chit khu ti thiu 2,5%, v hnh chung lm gim mt 2,5% li nhun trn doanh s. Cc n v lun khuyn khch khch hng tr tin mt hn l dng th. Mt khi vic s dng th tr thnh i chng v c nhiu ngi tiu dng s dng th th vic mt n v phi chp nhn thanh ton bng th l ng nhin. Thng thng i vi dch v ATM, cc my ATM cn c t cc trung tm thng mi hoc cc a im gn ng i li hot ng 24/24 tin li cho ngi dn rt tin. Tuy nhin, i vi Vit Nam, do thc ngi dn cha cao v php lut cha nghim nn an ton ca cc my ATM t ti cc im cng cng l rt thp. Thng cc my ny c t vo chnh ngn hng hoc trong khch sn, siu th. Do , mt s my ATM khng phc v c 24/24 m ch phc v theo gi lm vic nht nh. - Nguyn nhn 5: Cng tc marketing tip th sn phm cn nhiu hn ch Cc ngn hng Vit Nam cha tch cc v ch ng trong vic a sn phm th ti tay ngi tiu dng. Cng tc qung co, qung b sn phm cha c lm mnh m. V vy, nhiu khch hng cha bit v sn phm th v cng cha c ci nhn ng v chng. Ngoi ra, cc ngn hng cng cha c chnh sch tip th v pht trin th trng hu hiu. - Nguyn nhn 6: Mi trng php l cha hon thin

Hin nay, chng ta vn cha c c hnh lang php l y cho vic pht hnh v thanh ton th quc t. Ngh nh 91/CP v t chc thanh ton khng dng tin mt ban hnh ngy 25/11/1993 khng cn ph hp vi thc t, bi cc hnh thc thanh ton qua e-mail, qua internet khng thuc phm vi iu chnh ca n. khc phc tnh trng , Thng c Ngn hng Nh nc VN ban hnh quy ch pht hnh, s dng v thanh ton th ngn hng s 371/1/1999/Q/NHNN1 ngy 19/1/1999. Tuy nhin, quy ch ny cng c nhng bt cp v mi ch cp v phng din k thut trong thanh ton th mang tnh c bn, cha c c th ho bng cc vn bn php quy. Bn cnh , v gc qun l cn nhiu khe h cn c khc phc, v d nh hin nay khi pht hnh th tn dng quc t l chp nhn vic chuyn i t do gia VND v USD khng cn xin php, nht l khi s dng nc ngoi. iu ny c nh hng ln ti vic kim sot v khng ch lng ngoi t mang ra nc ngoi. Mc d vn cn c nhng s h nh vy trong khu thanh ton, nhng i vi khu pht hnh th vn qun l ngoi hi i khi cn qu cht v thiu tnh linh hot. l theo ch qun l ngoi hi, hn mc ti a ca th tn dng quc t l 90 triu VN. Trong khi , c nhng khch hng li c nhu cu s dng ln hn 90 triu VN (tng ng gn 6000 USD) v kh nng ti chnh ca h l hon ton p ng c th li khng c chp nhn. - Nguyn nhn 7: Vn u t cng ngh qu cao Trong cc nghip v ngn hng hin nay, th ngn hng c coi l dn u v cng ngh ng dng. T cng on sn xut th n cc tc nghip thanh ton u i hi cc trang thit b hin i. u t h thng my mc kim tra th nh POS, ATM cng gn nh mt dng u t cho c s h tng. Khon chi ny khin ngun li thu c t thanh ton, pht hnh th hin ti khng c l bao, thm ch cn khng b p vi mt th trng s dng th cn hn hp nh hin nay. Vi ngun thu hn hp, li cha c kinh nghim trong chin lc pht trin th, cc ngn hng trong

nc (nht l cc ngn hng c phn) ch tin hnh u t cng ngh mt cch d dt, dn n s hn ch c v doanh s thanh ton v s th pht hnh. im yu trn cng khin cc ngn hng trong nc cnh tranh vi cc ngn hng nc ngoi c bit trong lnh vc m rng cc im chp nhn th. VCB b mt mt s im chp nhn th ln v tay UOB do thit b km ng b v hin i nh OMNI Hotel, Saigon Star Hotel, Century Hotel. n khi VCB hay ACB c th trang b my POS cho cc CSCNT ca mnh th cc ngn hng nc ngoi khc nh ANZ cng tin hnh lp t ti cnh tranh. - Nguyn nhn 8: Kh nng m bo an ton giao dch cha cao Trong kinh doanh th ngoi cc yu t ri ro nh mi nghip v khc cn b cc nhm ti phm lun rnh rp c th khai thc v gy tn tht cho cc ngn hng, c bit l cc ngn hng mi tham gia nghip v ny thng qua vic s dng th gi, th b n cp thng tin, S lng th gi a vo Vit Nam s dng ang gia tng v nh hng n hiu qu ca dch v thanh ton ca cc ngn hng. Tnh trng ny cng tr nn nghim trng khi cc nc trong khu vc ang c nhiu bin php mnh m i vi bn s dng th gi buc chng phi tm th trng mi, trong c Vit Nam. - Nguyn nhn 9: H thng thanh ton lin ngn hng cha ng b v thiu s thng nht Dch v th l loi hnh pht trin da trn s pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin hin i. Trong khi , trnh pht trin trong lnh vc ny ca Vit Nam cn thp. H thng cng ngh tin hc ca ngn hng cha t ti trnh chun ca th gii, cn thiu s ng b v thng nht trong cng h thng. H thng thanh ton lin ngn hng cng cha pht trin m mi trong giai on u i vo hot ng.

4. Mt s gii php nhm pht trin hot ng thanh ton th ti cc ngn hng thng mi Vit Nam
4.1. Gii php v m 1. Hon thin mi trng php l cho hot ng kinh doanh th Vic xy dng, cng c mi trng php l l ht sc cn thit v chng ta vn cha c c hnh lang php l y cho vic pht hnh v thanh ton th quc t. Trong kinh doanh th ngoi cc yu t ri ro nh mi nghip v khc cn b cc nhm ti phm lun rnh rp c th khai thc v gy tn tht cho cc ngn hng, c bit l nhng ngn hng mi tham gia nghip v ny thng qua vic s dng th gi, th b n cp thng tin Hoc cng c trng hp nhn vin CSCNT in nhiu ho n thanh ton ca mt th. =>s lm mt uy tn, thit hi cho c ngi s dng v ngn hng. Do vy, Nh nc phi c mc x l i vi nhng trng hp lm th gi v thng qua c quan c thm quyn thi hnh n mt cch nghim minh. Chng hn nh Php khi pht hin k lm th gi, tu theo li nng nh s pht t mc cao nht l 7 nm t. Chng ta nn tiu chun ho cc c im v th gi mo to iu kin cho cc c quan hu quan (nh cc c quan Interpol Vit Nam, c quan iu tra xt hi) gip cho nghip v th an ton. - Ban hnh cc quy nh mi: Dch v rt tin t ng ATM pht trin kh mnh v gn nh kh t trong vi nm tr li y nhng cho ti nay, Ngn hng Nh nc vn cha ban hnh quy ch hay Quy nh no v dch v ATM. Mc d, cc ngn hng thng mi c th p dng theo Quy ch v Th ngn hng, Bn cnh , trc s pht trin khng ngng ca cng ngh thng tin, c bit l mng Internet gip cho mi ngi c th d dng mua sm, trao i, giao dch mt cch tin li. Vy khi ng dng vic thanh ton th qua mng Internet s i hi phi c nhng quy nh php l v chng t

in t. iu ny i hi Ngn hng Nh nc cn nghin cu v sm ban hnh quy ch c th v chng t in t cc ngn hng thng mi c c s thc hin. 2 Thnh lp trung tm thanh ton b tr cho cc giao dch th Thc t hin nay, cc ngn hng qun l pht hnh v thanh ton th theo mng ring ca mnh, iu ny c li l ph hp vi kinh ph u t thit b cng ngh ca tng ngn hng. Nhng c mt bt cp l n khng to iu kin thc hin thng nht cc giao dch v th v pht sinh nhng ph tn khng cn thit. V d: th ANZ Access Card c em rt tin my ATM ca VCB, khi giao dch thanh ton gia VCB v ANZ phi thc hin thng qua trung tm thanh ton ca t chc th quc t MasterCard v phi chu mt khon ph do t chc ny quy nh, cha k tin chnh lch do 2 ln chuyn i ngoi t. iu ny l phc tp ho giao dch v tng chi ph. Hn na, mt s loi th ghi n ni a khng ni mng quc t, v d nh Connect24 ca VCB ch c th rt tin ti cc my ATM ca VCB m thi. Nh vy, vi xu hng pht trin th nh hin nay, rt cn thit phi thnh lp mt trung tm thanh ton b tr ring cho cc giao dch th trong nc., thng qua ni kt cc loi th khc nhau, cc dch v ca nhng ngn hng khc nhau. Thc t, tng ny c thc hin mt phn khi Sacombank lp t my ATM kt ni my ch ANZ. iu c ngha l th thanh ton Sacombank c th rt tin mt ti ATM ca ANZ, hay thanh ton tin ti cc im POS ca ANZ v ngc li 3. Qung b, ph cp kin thc v th v s dng th Trong nhng nm 2000 tr li y, th trng th ngn hng Vit Nam cng c nhiu bin i tch cc. Tuy vy cng chng n nhn th ngn hng khng nng nhit nh n nhn cc sn phm cng ngh khc nh Internet v Mobiphone do vic gii thiu sn phm ti chnh ny vo th trng cha c u t ng mc.

Thng qua cc hnh thc qung co tuyn truyn lm cho mi ngi dn thy c tnh u vit ca vic s dng th to cho h thch s dng hnh thc thanh ton ny. NHNN cng nn phi hp vi Hip hi cc ngn hng thanh ton th, cc t chc th quc t v mt s ngnh chc nng lin quan trin khai chng trnh quc gia gii thiu v tuyn truyn v th tn dng quc t gip thay i dn thi quen dng tin mt trong thanh ton ca mi tng lp dn c. =>Tm li, nng cao trnh gio dc, to mi trng thun li cho hot ng Marketing trong vic o to nhn thc cho khch hng, gip vic tuyn truyn v qung co sn phm th ca ngn hng pht huy tc dng mnh m hn. 4. Phi hp u tranh chng gian ln Trong bt k mt hot ng kinh doanh thc ngnh no cng hm cha ri ro.. Nn cc t chc, ngn hng kinh doanh th phi nghin cu, phn tch, hc hi v phi hp vi nhau pht hin cc ri ro v phng nga nguy c ri ro bng nhng bin php k thut v nghip v thch hp mt cch hiu qu. Tuy nhin, trong thc t c nhng ri ro vt qu tm kim sot ca ngn hng. l hnh ng gi mo th v cc giao dch th gi u l hnh vi ca bn ti phm nm c cng ngh cao. Do , vic cc ngn hng kt hp vi nhau chng li ti phm ny l cha , m cn cn phi hp vi c lc lng cng an kinh t. Trong khi , Vit Nam hin nay vn cha c mt hnh lang php l no iu chnh hnh vi gi mo lin quan ti th ngn hng. Do vy, Nh nc cn a ra nhng iu lut x pht i vi hnh vi gian ln ca loi ti phm ny. ng thi, lc lng cng an kinh t cng phi c ngha v h tr ngn hng ngn chn hnh vi gian ln. Mt iu cn thit l lc lng cng an cng phi c kin thc nht nh v loi ti phm ny c th ch ng khi xy ra s vic. Khi ngn hng cn cung cp

u cc thng tin v th gi mo cho Interpol Vit Nam, c quan iu tra xt hi, to n h c c s nhn dng. c bit, hin nay mt s nc trn th gii p dng nhng ch ti x pht nghim khc nn hn ch hot ng ca loi ti phm ny. Khi , Vit nam s l ni bn chng tm n hot ng nu cha c bin php x l dt im i vi chng. 5. y mnh thng mi in t, thc y hot ng thanh ton th trn Internet c im ca h thng ngn hng o l: khng cn s tng quan gia khi lng dch v v s lng chi nhnh; khng cn phi chi ph u t cho mng li chi nhnh v gim thiu chi ph lao ng; c kh nng cung ng dch v bt c thi im no, v khch hng bt c ni u. H thng giao dch qua mng s gip cho ngn hng nng cao hiu qu kinh doanh (tnh bng h s chi ph trn thu nhp) v gim c chi ph nghip v. . 4.2. Gii php vi m 1. Nng cao tnh hp dn ca dch v th - iu chnh mc k qu: Hin nay, vic s dng ti khon c nhn cha pht trin, nn pht hnh th cn phi k qu, th chp ti sn, lm nh hng khng nh ti vic pht hnh th. Vi mc k qu 125% nn chng cn c iu chnh cho ph hp v thc t vi nhng th pht hnh c k qu th ch th cng ch c s dng trong hn mc k qy m thi. - iu chnh mc ph v li: Vi phn ng ngi Vit Nam hin nay, th ngn hng cn l sn phm l lm, h cha hiu v cha bit khai thc ht cc tin ch vn c ca th. Trong iu kin nh vy, vic quy nh mt mc ph vi li cao nh hin nay l khng hp l pht trin kinh doanh dch v th. Mc d mc ph, li ny hon ton tng xng vi tin ch m th mang li nhng khch hng vn cha hiu ht nn vic pht trin dch v th l rt kh khn. Tm thi, kin to mt th trng ban u, cc ngn

hng c th xem xt gim bt mc ph, li p dng tng tnh hp dn i vi khch hng. Khi qu trnh kinh doanh i vo th n nh th s xem xt vic tng mc ph, li sau. Tuy nhin, i vi th tn dng quc t, ngn hng ch c th iu chnh li vay tn dng ch khng th iu chnh ph. - Ko di thi hn hiu lc ca th tn dng: Hin ti, do yu cu qun l vic s dng th nn th tn dng ch c thi hn hiu lc trong vng 1 nm, khch hng mun s dng tip th phi xin gia hn th v ngn hng s in th mi cho khch hng. Nh vy, ngn hng phi mt thm chi ph in th mi v gi th, ngoi ra cn gy phin h cho khch hng khi phi i th lin tc (nht l khi khch hng ang nc ngoi m th b ht hiu lc). Hn na, thc t gn 10 nm kinh nghim pht hnh th cho thy cha c trng hp no ch th thng bo hu th trc thi hn hiu lc m vn cn s dng c tip dn n ri ro cho ngn hng, v khi hu th th ngn hng s gi th li ngay. - Cung cp dch v ngn hng lin hon: Thng thng, mt khch hng s la chn cho mnh mt ngn hng giao dch, v nh vy s tin li cho khch hng trong vic qun l tnh hnh ti chnh ca mnh cng nh thun tin khi s dng cc dch v ngn hng khc. Vi mt h thng dch v ngn hng lin hon khp kn s p ng c y d cc nhu cu ca khch hng. Khch hng s dng dch v ATM c th ng thi s dng ti khon pht hnh ATM thc hin giao dch u t t ng trn s d ti khon; hoc dng th ATM k qu pht hnh bo lnh; dng th ATM rt vn vay; mua bn ngoi t; chuyn tin i nc ngoi. Do , cc ngn hng thng mi cn c s phi hp gia cc b phn nghip v c lin quan c th a ra mt lot dch v ngn hng lin hon tin li nht sc hp dn khch hng v to th mnh trong cnh tranh vi cc ngn hng khc 2 Pht trin cc dch v th mi: Pht hnh Th lin kt (th cng ty (Business Card) Mc ch ca th cng ty phc v th trng khch hng l cc cng ty v doanh nghip ti Vit nam nhm gip cc cng ty qun l cht

ch vic chi tiu ca nhn vin v mc ch chung ca cng ty trong kinh doanh. Hng thng, hng qu v hng nm h s c cung cp nhng thng tin qun l mt cch tm tt v chi tit v s chi tiu ca tng nhn vin, tng b phn trong cng ty mnh. Hn na, cc cng ty c th s dng th thc hin thanh ton cho nhau vi cc gi tr giao dch tng i ln, hoc c th qun l tt hn cc chi tiu ca cng ty nh: vic mua sm thng xuyn, mua v my bay, thanh ton tin khch sn Ngn hng pht hnh th c th trin khai pht hnh loi th cng ty ny m khng cn s u t thm v mt cng ngh v my mc. 3 Pht trin mng li c s chp nhn th Nh phn trn trnh by, s lng, phn b cng nh hot ng ca cc c s chp nhn th ca Vit Nam cng l mt nguyn nhn chnhdn n hn ch ca hot ng thanh ton th ti Vit Nam. ATM c xem l mt trong cc thit b bt buc phi c trong cng ngh ngn hng hin i ca bt k cc nh ch ti chnh no ang trn ng tng tc pht trin. Do vy chng ta cn thit lp, pht trin mt h thng my giao dch t ng (ATM) nhng ni c mt dn c cao, nhng trung tm thng mi ln, k c ngay trong cng s khch hng thy ngn hng bn cnh h, ngn hng chnh l ngi bn tin cy ca khch hng. 4 y mnh cng tc tip th v c chnh sch khch hng ph hp c mt chnh sch khch hng ph hp v hiu qu, ngn hng cn phi phn on th trng v xc nh i tng khch hng ca tng on th trng, c th: - i vi khch hng truyn thng: L nhng khch hng tng c quan h lu di vi ngn hng v c doanh s thanh ton th cao. Vi i tng khch hng ny, ngn hng cn c chnh sch u i c bit di hnh thc khuyn mi, trao thng hoc cung cp mt s u i khi khch

hng s dng cc dch v khc ca ngn hng nh v tn dng, thanh ton xut nhp khu. Ngoi ra, cn phi lun thm hi, chm sc khch hng, c nh vy mi gi chn c khch hng. - i vi khch hng chin lc: ngn hng cn cng c v xy dng mi quan h vi cc i tc chin lc gm: Hng hng khng, Tng cng ty bu chnh vin thng Vit Nam, cc hng bo him nh Bo Vit, Prudential, AIA, Tng cng ty xng du, cc cng ty du lch, l hnh, cc cng ty thng mi dch v. Trc ht, y l nhng cng ty ln, hot ng kinh doanh c uy tn, thu nhp ca nhn vin cao v n nh nn trc tin ngn hng c th khai thc i tng khch hng s dng th l nhn vin ca chnh cc cng ty ny. Ngoi ra, y l nhng cng ty hot ng trong lnh vc cung cp dch v tiu dng cho c nhn v c lu lng giao dch ln, nn ta c th chn lm i l thanh ton th hoc a im t my ATM. Vi khch hng ny, cn khn trng t vn cung cp dch v th vi h, gii thch cho h hiu r nhng tin ch m th mang li, ng thi cng phi c chnh sch khuyn mi hp dn trong giai on u khi h s dng dch v th ca ngn hng. - i vi khch hng tim nng: l nhng khch hng trong tng lai s s dng dch v th, gm hc sinh, sinh vin, y l i tng c trnh hiu bit v cng ngh hin i v nm bt nhanh nhng tin ch ca nn cng ngh ng dng. Tuy nhin, hin ti h cha c thu nhp nn cha c nhu cu s dng dch v th. Chc chn trong tng lai h s l khch hng tch cc s dng dch v th. Vi i tng ny, ngn hng nn dng hnh thc tuyn truyn kin thc v dch v th thng qua cc kho ni chuyn chuyn h c kin thc v to c hnh nh v th.

5. Cc ngn hng kt hp xy dng h thng ATM lin kt Thi gian qua, mt lot cc ngn hng thng mi Vit Nam, gm 4 NHTM quc doanh v mt s ngn hng thng mi c phn, ang trin khai rm r h thng my giao dch t ng ATM trn ton quc. Ngoi

vic t my trong h thng, cc ngn hng cn thng tho cc hp ng thu ch t my bn ngoi nh ti cc trung tm thng mi, siu th, khu du lch Trong cuc chy ua ny, ngn hng no cng mun mang li tin ch cao nht cho khch hng ca mnh. Tuy nhin, theo cc chuyn gia quc t v trong nc, Vit Nam l nc i sau nn c th rt kinh nghim t cc nc i trc. Vi vic mnh ai ny ua nh hin nay rt c th trong mt siu th s c n 4 hoc 5 chic my ATM ca cc ngn hng khc nhau t cnh nhau. iu ny tng xy ra i vi cc ngn hng Singapore cch y khng lu. Mc d c nhng n lc ci tin cng ngh, a dng cc dch v ngn hng, nhng vic t mi ngn hng vn ng m khng c s hp tc lm gim hiu qu u t. Do , cc ngn hng cn lin kt xy dng mt h thng ATM chung tng tnh hiu qu khng nhng cho khch hng m cn cho bn thn tng ngn hng. C th l cc ngn hng s phi hp xy dng phn mm chung cho cc my ATM, cho php khch hng c th ca bt k ngn hng no cng c th rt tin v thc hin cc dch v ti my ATM ca ngn hng khc, sau cc ngn hng s t thc hin thanh ton b tr vi nhau. Vi gii php ny, s my ATM ca mi ngn hng s tng gp nhiu ln so vi s thc trang b ca mi ngn hng, nu mi ngn hng trang b 100 my ATM, 5 ngn hng s c 500 my v khch hng ca mi ngn hng c th s dng c trn 500 my . Nh vy, khch hng c li vi h thng ATM rng khp, mi ngn hng cng c li, m trc ht l gim chi ph u t ban u (thng thng gi my ATM l 30 000 USD/chic). Khi h thng ATM c lin kt li, cc ngn hng s cnh tranh nhau v gi, cht lng dch v, => mi ci thin c mi trng cnh tranh v dch v th s c iu kin pht trin, to c nim tin cho khch hng. Tuy nhin, vic lin kt gia cc ngn hng nh vy i hi trnh ca h thng thanh ton gia cc ngn hng phi tng ng nhau.

 tng v vic thnh lp mt h thng thanh ton th ATM lin kt mun sm i vo thc t khng nhng cn s tham gia nhit tnh ca cc ngn hng m cn cn s ch huy Ngn hng Nh nc hoc Hip hi th Vit Nam.

6. Gii php v k thut - cng ngh Trong thi i ngy nay, cng ngh thng tin pht trin mnh v thay i tng nm, tng thng, cc thit b cung ng dch v ngn hng cng thay i khng ngng, cnh tranh gia cc ngn hng ngy cng tr nn mnh m. Mt trong nhng yu t quyt nh thng li l p dng cc thnh tu khoa hc cng ngh vo hot ng ngn hng, nht l hot ng kinh doanh dch v th, c th l: - ng dng cng ngh tin tin: l mt tin rt quan trng cc ngn hng thng mi tip tc trin khai mt lot cc ng dng cng ngh tin tin nh Ngn hng in t, m rng h thng giao dch t ng ATM, tng cng h thng thng tin qun l (MIS), ng dng cc chun mc h k ton quc t. Trong , ngn hng in t cn c ng dng trong vic cung cp dch v th v n rt tin ch khi khch hng c th ngi ti nh thc hin cc giao dch thanh ton tin hng ho, dch v hoc tr cc khon chi ph pht sinh thng xuyn qua mng. c bit, khi cc bin php h tr bn pht trin th y l mt phng thc thanh ton tin li cho c ch th v c s chp nhn th. Tuy nhin, to lng tin cho khch hng khi s dng phng thc thanh ton qua mng trc tuyn ny, ngn hng cn c gii php k thut bo mt an ton nhm m bo quyn li cho cc ch th tham gia thanh ton th qua mng. - Trang b thit b ng b: Trc y, cng ngh th t l gii php k thut chnh s dng trong th. ng vi mi k thut ch to th (t tnh hay vi mch in t) u c mt h thng thit b u cui phc v cho qu trnh lu hnh (my kim tra, my ATM, POS). Nhiu ngn hng nc ngoi trc y b ra nhng khon u t khng l pht trin h thng u cui s dng th t, gi y khi th thng minh thay th, s thay i ko

theo mt chi ph qu t. y l mt bi hc ln cho cc ngn hng Vit Nam. Vy nn vi li th ca ngi i sau c iu kin tip thu nhng cng ngh mi nht ca cc nc i trc, cc ngn hng cn bit la chn pht trin h thng my mc u cui theo hng tng thch vi h thng ca th gii. C th, cn coi trng s ng b ca h thng k thut bao gm vic trang b h thng my kim tra, ATM, POS vi loi th thanh ton la chn l cng ngh th vi mch in t m bo tng thch vi h thng ca th gii. - Thit lp h thng d phng cho dch v th: Vi c tnh my in th l mt loi my c chng, gp s c rt kh khc phc. Ngn hng ngoi thng c thi my b hng 2 thng lin nn lm nh hng n tnh hnh pht hnh th ca ngn hng. => cc ngn hng trang b my d phng thay th kp thi khi c s c xy ra. Mc d vic u t cho my d phng khng phi l nh, nhng c nh vy giao dch th s khng b gin on, to c lng tin cho khch hng. 7. Gii php v c cu t chc v trnh nhn s Khc vi cc nghip v truyn thng, kinh doanh th ngn hng l mt nghip v mi m, i hi cn b cn c thm nhng hiu bit ring bit v mng thanh ton, trnh tin hc, cch thc x l s liu v truyn dn, trnh giao tip v lut l lin h gii quyt tranh chp vi cc t chc th quc t cng nh ngn hng pht hnh hay ngn hng thanh ton trn ton cu. c bit vi sc p th trng ngy cng tng, yu cu x l cng vic nhanh gn, chnh xc cng i hi cc cn b th phi hc hi nhiu hn na. V vy cc ngn hng c th: - Thnh lp mt b phn nghin cu v pht trin sn phm chuyn bit, nhm nghin cu m rng cc tin ch sn phm cng nh nghin cu cc sn phm th mi.

- o to kin thc c bn v tin hc v cng ngh thng tin cho cn b nghip v th, phi lin tc cp nht cc thng tin v th gi mo qua h thng mng hoc cc phng tin truyn thng quc t c kin thc ph bin cho cc c s chp nhn th phng nga, hn ch bt ri ro c th xy ra. - T chc o to cn b tip th m bo c kin thc marketing cn thit v dch v th.. - nh k, t chc cc lp tp hun v nghip v th cp nht cc ng dng mi ca dch v th v trao i cc vn mi pht sinh cho cn b x l nghip v.