T loi trong Ting Anh

Trong ting anh c nhng t loi sau y Adjactives (Tnh t) Adverbs (Trng t hay ph t) Conjunctions (Lin t) Interection (Thn t) Nouns (Danh t) Prepositions (Gii t) Pronouns (i t) Verbs (ng t) Trong chng ny, chng ta s nhc li v Parts of Speech( t loi) chng hiu cc t kt hp vi nhau nh th no to nn ngha ca c mt cu. Ting Anh l mt ngn ng linh hoat. Ngha ca mt t c bt ngun ko ch t cch n c pht m v nh vn m cn t cch n c s dng trong cu. V d: - L danh t : I ate a fish for dinner. - L ng t : We fish in the lake on every Tuesday. Adjactives Tnh t l cc t dng miu t( b ngha) cho danh t v i t. Tnh t tr li cho cu hi What kind? How much? Which one? How many? What kind? __red nose __gold ring How much? __more sugar __little effort Which one? __second chance __those chocolates How many? __several chances __six books C 5 loi tnh t :common adjectives, proper adjectives, compound adjectives, articles, and indefinite adjectives. - Common adjectives (tnh t chung) dng miu t ngi v s vt strong man green plant beautiful view - Proper adjectives( tnh t ring) c hnh thnh t danh t ring California vegetables (from the noun California) Mexican food (from the noun Mexico) - Compound adjectives (tnh t ghp) c to thnh t 2 t kt hp li: far-off country teenage person - Articles (Mo t) l dng c bit ca tnh t. C 3 mo t l a, an, the The c gi l mo t xc nh bi v n i sau cc vt, vic c xc nh t trc hoc ngi ni v ngi nghe u bit. a v an c gi l mo t ko xc nh bi v n i sau cc vt, vic ko cn xc nh t trc hoc ngi ni v ngi nghe c bit hay ko. - Indefinite adjectives (tnh t bt nh) l cc t m khng nh r s lng ca mt vt hoc vic. all, another, any, both, each, either, few, many, more, most, neither, other, several, some To be continued... Cch s dng tnh t trong cu vn: 2 quy tc c bn - i trc danh t b ngha cho chnh danh t : blue sky important appointment

- i sau cc linking verb (h t) nh be, seem, appear, look, feel, smell, sound, taste, become, grow, remain, stay v turn lm v ng trong cu: + It is cold, wet and windy. + Nam feels sad. Cc trng hp c bit ( Cc bn nh l c bit y) : - Tnh t ng sau mt nhm t vi ng o lng: A river two hundred kilometers long A road fifty feet wide - Tnh t ng sau cc t nh : something, nothing, anything, everthing I'll tell you something new That is nothing new Adverbs Adverbs ( trng t hay cn gi l ph t) l nhng t dng b ngha cho ng t(v) , tnh t(adj) hay nhng ph t(adv) khc. Ph t dng tr li cho cu hi When? Where? How? or To what extent? VD : When? left yesterday begin now Where? fell below move here How? happily sang danced badly To what extent? partly finished eat completely C 5 loi trng t chnh l: 1) Th cch(manner): quickly, hard, well.... 2) Ni chn(place): here, there, everywhere... 3) Thi gian( time): now, soon, then, yesterday... 4) Tn sut(Frequency):often, usually, never... 5) Mc (degree):very, rather, quite, too... Hu ht cc trng t c cu to bng cch thm ui -ly vo sau cc tnh t VD : Adjective -> Adverb Quick > quickly Careful > carefully Accurate > accurately Tuy nhin, vn c rt nhiu cc trng t khng c ui -ly nh: afterward, almost, already, also, back, even,far, fast, hard, here, how, late,long, low, more, near, never, next... Cc s dng trng t: - Dng b ngha cho ng t: Experiments using dynamite must be done carefully. aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaverb adv. - Dng b ngha cho tnh t : Sam had an unbelievably huge appetite for chips. aaaaaaaaaaaaadvaaaaaaaaadj - Dng b ngha cho mt trng t khc : They sang so clearly. aaaaaaaaadv. adv. Ngoi ra, chng ta cn c cc ph t dng lm lin t kt ni cc tng v on vn nh : accordingly, again, consequently, finally, however, indeed, otherwise, nevertheless..

CONJUNCTIONS Conjunctions (lin t) l cc t dng lin kt (ni) hai t, hai cm t hoc hai mnh vi nhau. C 3 loi lin t chnh l: coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, and subordinating conjunctions. * Coordinating conjunctions ( Lin t kt hp) l cc t dng ni hai cu n thnh mt cu ghp Ex: He had a pen, he had a pencil --> He had a pen and a pencil He went to the door, he opend it ---> He went to the door and opend it. C 7 lin t chnh trong dng nyl :for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. C mt cch nh c 7 t ny l bn hy nh t FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). * Correlative conjunctions ( Lin t tng quan) cng l cc lin t dng ni cc t v nhm t vi nhau, nhng ch khc l chng thng i thnh cp. Chng hn nh both . . .and, either . . . or, neither . . . nor, not only . . . but also, whether . . . or Ex: He was both tired and hungry. aaaaAnh y va mt va i. aaaaHe was not only tired but also hungry aaaaAnh y khng nhng mt m cn i na * Subordinating conjunctions (Lin t ph thuc)l cc lin t thng dng ni mnh chnh (thng l cc cu hon chnh v mang ngha ch o trong cu)vi mnh ph (thng l cc cu cha hon chnh v s khng c ngha nu ng mt mnh) trong cu. C rt nhiu lin t ph thuc khc nhau v mnh ch a ra nhng lin t hay c s dng nht: after, although, as, as if, as long as, as soon as, as though, because, before, even though,if ,in order that, since, so that, though, till,unless, until, when ,whenever, where, wherever, EX: He said that he would help aaaaAnh y ni rng anh y s gip aaaaYou will recognize himwhen you see. aaaaBn s nhn ra anh y khi bn gp anh y Interjections - Thn t l cc t dng th hin nhng cm xc mnh ca ngi ni. Do vy, thn t thng khng lin kt vi cc t khc trong cu theo mt ng php ring no m thn t thng c phn cch vi cu ni bng mt du phy(comma) hoc mt du cm thn(exclamation). EX: Oh! What a shock you gave me with that gorilla suit. Wow! Thats not a gorilla suit! Phn ph : Mt s cu cm thn ting Anh hay bt gp (c mt s cu hi th tc nhng mnh ngh chng ta cng cn bit) Oh! My God! aaaa (i, tri i) God bless me!aaaa( cu cha ph h cho con) Oh, hell!aaaa(M kip) Damn you!aaaa( cht tit) Phn tip theo s l bi bit v danh t do bn girlxinh vit trong box, mnh thy kh l y v xin c post vo topic ny Nouns(Danh t) 1. Danh t l g 2. Cc loi danh t 3. S nhiu

1. Danh t l g: Danh t l t c th gi vai tr ch ng hoc b ng ca mt ng t hay b ng ca mt gii t. V d: Lan wrote (danh t gi vai tr ch ng) I saw Lan (danh t gi vai tr b ng ca mt ng t) I spoke to Lan (danh t gi vai tr b ng ca mt gii t) 2. Cc loi danh t: c 4 loi danh t trong ting Anh a, Danh t chung: (common nouns): dog, man, table. b, Danh t ring: (proper nouns): New York, Mr John, Hanoi c, Danh t tru tng ( abstract nouns): beauty, joy, happiness, sadness. d, Danh t tp hp ( collective nouns): group, team 3. S nhiu: a, s nhiu ca danh t thng c to bng cch thm "S" vo s t V d: house - houses, cat - cats, shirt - shirts S c pht m l /s/ sau m P, K, F. Ngoi ra n c pht m l /z/. Khi S t sau CE, GE, SE hoc ZE, cc t khi c ln s c thm mt vn c pht m l /iz/ b, Cc danh t kt thc bng S, SS, SH, TCH, CH, X, Z khi chuyn sang s nhiu u thm -ES vo cui, nh: gases (hi), masses (khi), dishes (mn n), churches (nh th), ditches (h), boxes (hp), topazes (hong ngc). Khi ES t sau CH, SH, SS hoc X, cc t d khi c ln s c them mt vn c pht m l /iz/ c, Cc danh t kt thc bng -Y sau mt ph m khi chuyn sang s nhiu b -Y v thm IES. V d: baby (tr s sinh)- babies, story (cu chuyn) - stories. Cc danh t ring kt thc bng -Y ch cn thm -S thi, nh: Mary - Marys. Cc danh t tn cng bng -Y theo sau mt nguyn m hnh thnh dng s nhiu bng cch thm -S. V d: boy (cu con trai)- boys. d, Cc danh t kt thc bng -F hoc -FE sau L hay mt nguyn m di, ngoi tr nguyn m /oo/ khi chuyn sang s nhiu b -F v thm -VES, nh: calf (b)- calves, wolf (ch si) - wolves, thief (k cp) thieves, wife (v)- wives. Cc danh t kt thc bng F sau nguyn m /oo/ khi chuyn sang s nhiu ch cn thm -S,nh: roof (mi nh) - roofs, proof (chng c) - proofs. Cc ch mn ca ngoi quc kt thc bng -F hoc -FE v s nhiu cng ch cn thm -S,nh: chief (th lnh) - chiefs, strife (chin u) - strifes. e, C mt t t chm dt bng -F v s nhiu c th ch thm -S hoc thm -VES,nh: scraf (khn qung) -scrafs - scraves, wharf (bn tu) - wharfs - wharves, dwarf (ngi ln)-dwarfs-dwarves, staff (gy) - staffs staves, hoof (mng b nga) - hoofs - hooves.

f, Cc danh t tn cng bng - O hnh thnh dng s nhiu bng cch thm -ES.V d: tomato (c chua) tomatoes, potato (khoai)- potatoes. Nhng nhng t nguyn l ca nc ngoi hoc cc t rtgn tn cng bng -O ch thm -S V d: kilo (mt kilgram) - kilos, kimono( o ki-m-n) - kimonos.