Chng 1 (khong 6 trang) S LC V DCH V NGN HNG IN T Khi nim dch v ngn hng in t Dch v ngn hng in t (Electronic

Banking, vit tt l E-Banking) l loi hnh dch v ngn hng c xy dng trn nn tng cng ngh thng tin v vin thng hin i, cho php khch hng giao dch khng cn tip xc trc tip vi nhn vin ngn hng hoc bn trung gian no khc. Loi hnh ny l mt dng ca thng mi in t c ng dng vo lnh vc kinh doanh ngn hng. Vi dch v E-Banking, khch hng khng cn thit phi n trc tip ngn hng m vn c th thc hin giao dch thng qua cc loi phng tin in t khc nhau. Ti Vit Nam hin nay, dch v ngn hng in t do cc ngn hng thng mi cung cp gm nhng loi sau: Dch v ngn hng qua Internet (Internet-banking) Dch v Internet-banking gip khch hng thc hin cc giao dch vi ngn hng qua mng Internet. tham gia, khch hng truy cp vo website ca ngn hng v thc hin giao dch, truy cp thng tin cn thit. Khch hng cng c th truy cp vo cc website khc mua hng v thc hin thanh ton vi ngn hng. Dch v ngn hng qua in thoi (Phone-banking) Dch v Phone-banking cho php ngi s dng gi v mt s in thoi c nh ca trung tm dch v c tng i t ng ca ngn hng cung cp nhng thng tin khch hng cn tm hiu hoc truy vn thng tin ti khon c nhn ca khch hng. Dch v ngn hng qua in thoi di ng (Mobile-banking) Mobile Banking l dch v cho php khch hng s dng in thoi di ng thc hin cc giao dch vi ngn hng. S dng Mobile Banking, khch hng khng cn phi n ngn hng m vn c th tip cn mi dch v bt c khi no v u. Dch v ngn hng ti ch (Home-banking)

Dch v Home-banking l dch v cho php khch hng thc hin hu ht cc giao dch chuyn khon vi ngn hng (ni khch hng m ti khon) ti nh, ti vn phng cng ty m khng cn n ngn hng. Kiosk banking Kiosk banking l s pht trin ca dch v ngn hng hng ti vic phc v khch hng vi cht lng cao nht v thun tin nht. Tng t nh cc my rt tin t ng (ATM), cc trm giao dch ny c t trn ng ph, tuy nhin c kt ni ng truyn Internet tc cao v s dng cng ngh mn hnh cm ng. Khi khch hng cn giao dch hoc yu cu dch v, h ch cn truy cp, cung cp s chng nhn c nhn v mt khu s dng dch v ca h thng ngn hng phc v mnh. Cc phng tin k thut ca dch v ngn hng in t *in thoi, in thoi di ng, in bo, fax in thoi l mt phng tin ph thng, d s dng, v thng m u cho cc cuc giao dch thng mi ni chung v ngn hng ni ring. Trong s gia tng ca s lng thu bao in thoi v in thoi di ng, ngn hng thng mi vi trang thit b " hp th tr li t ng" kt ni vi my ch ngn hng c th cung cp dch v ngn hng qua in thoi nh cung cp s d ti khon, bo mt th tn dng...Vi s pht trin ca in thoi di ng, lin lc qua v tinh, ng dng ca in thoi ang v s tr nn rng ri hn. Tuy nhin, cng c in thoi c mt hn ch l ch truyn ti c m thanh, kt thc giao dch vn phi dng nhiu giy t. Ngoi ra, chi ph giao dch in thoi, nht l in thoi ng di, quc t vn cn cao. in bo, Fax c th truyn ti c m thanh, hnh nh, li vn. Nhng chng cng c mt s mt hn ch nh khng th truyn ti c hnh nh ng, hnh nh ba chiu v cc hnh nh phc tp. *Thit b thanh ton in t Thit b thanh ton in t c s dng trong hot ng thanh ton khng dng tin mt thng thng l my rt tin t ng (ATM) v my POS.

Mt thit b in t c u c di in t c kt ni vi mng ngn hng, mng lin ngn hng cho php truyn ti, kim tra cc thng tin t tm th nha ca ngi mua hng t cc a im bn hng, ni lp t my, v cc ngn hng ca ch th v thc hin cc giao dch thanh ton. Vi tm th nha (th tn dng, th ghi n, th thng minh...) khch hng c th thc hin nhiu giao dch khc nhau nh rt tin, chuyn khon, *My tnh, mng ni b, mng lin ni b, mng lin ngn hng, Internet v Web Mng ni b l ton b mng thng tin ca mt ngn hng v cc lin lc mi kiu gia cc my tnh trong ngn hng . c th gi l mng kt ni cc my tnh gn nhau (mng cc b - LAN) hoc kt ni cc my tnh trong khu vc din rng (mnng min rng - WAN). Cc ngn hng v t chc ti chnh lin h vi nhau bng mng lin ngn hng (Interbank, SWIFT...) Nhng li ch ca dch v ngn hng in t S ra i ca dch v ngn hng in t c th ni l mt bc ngot trong qu trnh pht trin ca hot ng kinh doanh ngn hng thng mi. Dch v ngn hng in t mang n nhiu li ch khng ch dnh ring cho ngi s dng dch v m i vi c ngn hng thng mi v nn kinh t. V pha khch hng * To nn s thun tin v tm l thoi mi khi s dng i vi khch hng, dch v ngn hng in t trc ht to nn s thun tin v tm l thoi mi khi s dng. Cc th tc giy t rm r, phc tp gim i ng k, thay vo , ch cn mt tin nhn, mt cuc gi hay mt vi thao tc n gin trn my tnh, khch hng c th tip cn ngay vi dch v. Ngoi ra, cc giao dch in t c th c thc hin mi lc, mi ni, ti mt a im bt k ngoi ngn hng cng nh ngoi gi lm vic ca ngn hng. * Rt ngn thi gian so vi ngn hng truyn thng Giao dch thng qua ngn hng in t nhanh hn so vi giao dch truyn thng rt nhiu. Thng thng giao dch ti quy cho mt khch hng chuyn tin mt khong 15 pht khng k thi gian i li v ch i, nhng giao dch trn Internet,

in thoi di ng hoc qua h thng th ch cn mt vi thao tc n gin trong mt vi pht. * Xa b khong cch v a l trong cc giao dch Vi ngn hng in t, cc bn lin quan c th tin hnh giao dch khi cch xa nhau, khng b gii hn bi khng gian a l. iu ny cho php cc khch hng tit kim chi ph i li, thi gian gp mt trong khi mua bn. Vi ngi tiu dng, h c th ngi ti nh t hng, mua sm nhiu loi hng ha, dch v mt cch nhanh chng. * Gim thiu ri ro Dch v ngn hng in t gp phn to nn nt vn minh trong thanh ton. Khi tham gia dch v, khch hng khng phi mang theo nhiu tin mt, do gim thiu nguy c b mt, tin gi v s nhm ln trong vic kim m. V pha ngn hng *Gim chi ph v tng hiu qu kinh doanh Vi vic thc hin giao dch qua h thng cng ngh thng tin hin i, ngn hng khng cn s dng qu nhiu din tch lu tr chng t giy, chi ph vn phng c gim bt. Bn cnh , thi gian cho cng vic lm th tc, tm kim v chuyn giao ti liu cng c rt ngn. Chi ph nhn vin t i, v mt my rt tin t ng c th lm vic sut 24 gi/ngy v thay cho rt nhiu nhn vin. Hn na, bng vic xy dng website gii thiu v ngn hng, chi ph bn hng v tip th cng c gim bt. * a dng ho dch v v sn phm Vi s tr gip ca cng ngh thng tin, dch v ngn hng in t cho php tin hnh cc giao dch bn l vi tc c cao v lin tc. Nu nh trc kia cc ngn hng ch phc v mt s lng nht nh cc cng ty, th nay, mt th trng hng t dn ang m ra trc mt h. Theo , dch v ngn hng cng ngy cng tr nn phong ph p ng nhu cu s dng ca khch hng. * Nng cao v th ngn hng trong lnh vc kinh doanh tin t

Vic ng dng cng ngh hin i vo hot ng kinh doanh gip tng cng uy tn ca ngn hng cng nh lng tin ca khch hng i vi ngn hng. Xy dng c mt h thng cht lng cao v dch v ngn hng in t l bc khng nh v th ca chnh ngn hng trn con ng pht trin. Vi nhng li ch nh trn ngn hng in t chnh l gii php tin phong trong vic n gin ha hot ng thanh ton. Nhng ngn hng thc s nhn thc c gi tr ca ngn hng in t s l ngi chin thng trong cuc cnh tranh v chi ph v cht lng dch v. i vi nn kinh t Ngoi li ch i vi khch hng v ngn hng, dch v ngn hng in t cn mang n nhiu li ch tim tng cho nn kinh t. Vic tiu dng ch yu bng tin mt c rt nhiu iu hn ch. Nh nc phi b ra mt chi ph nht nh hng nm trong vic in v qun l s lng tin in ra cho th trng. Vic kh xc nh chnh xc lng tin lu hnh trong dn khin cho nh nc gp nhiu kh khn trong vic a ra cc chnh sch ti kho nhm m bo mt th trng ti chnh n nh. Ngoi ra, cc giao dch pht sinh do thc hin qua phng tin hin i nn tnh chnh xc cao v bo m tng minh. Nh , Nh nc c thng tin y v vic thc hin thu np thu mt cch nhanh chng v cp nht, ng thi kim sot c hot ng ca cc tc nhn trong nn kinh t, ngn chn vic ra tin, cng nh phng chng cc hot ng phi php. I TNG V NHNG IU KIN TIN QUYT THAM GIA DCH V NGN HNG IN T i vi cc ngn hng thng mi

Mt trong nhng yu t dn n thnh cng ca "Ngn hng in t" l phi xy dng mt c s h tng hin i mt mc nht nh. C s ny da trn tin b ca cng ngh my tnh, cng ngh thng tin vin thng. iu ny i hi vn u t ln m khng phi ngn hng no cng

c kh nng p ng. Di y mt s yu cu ti thiu cho dch v "Ngn hng in t": 1.2.1 H tng c s cng ngh "Ngn hng in t" pht trin trn c s k thut s ho, cng ngh thng tin, m trc ht l k thut my tnh in t. V th ch c th thc s c v thc s tin hnh "Ngn hng in t" hiu qu khi c mt h tng c s cng ngh thng tin vng chc. N bao gm h thng in thoi, my tnh, my ch, modem, mng ni b, mng lin ni b, thit b thanh ton in t (POS, ATM, CDM), vv... v cc dch v truyn thng (thu bao in thoi, ph ni mng, truy cp mng). Chi ph phn cng cho mt h thng my tnh vn phng, my ch, mng ni b khong USD 100,000. Mt my c th thanh ton t ti cc im bn hng gi khong USD50 mt chic. Mt my rt tin t ng gi khong USD40,000 mt chic. Chi ph phn mm cho h thng ny khong USD 200,000 ti USD 300,000. Cn phi k n chi ph tham gia cc t chc thanh ton quc t, chi ph bo dng, nng cp h thng. c tnh tng vn u t c th ln ti USD 10 triu cho mt ngn hng. Ngoi ra, h tng c s cng ngh thng tin ny ch c th c v hot ng tin cy trn nn tng mt nn cng nghip in nng, bu chnh vin thng m bo cung cp in nng, thng tin lin lc y , n nh vi mc gi hp l. Thit lp mt nn cng nghip nh vy nm ngoi tm kim sot ca cc ngn hng. N i hi s u t c v vn ln thi gian ca nh nc. iu ny c bit kh khn vi cc nc ang v km pht trin.

1.2.2 Vn an ton v bo mt Giao dch bng phng tin in t t ra i hi rt cao v bo mt v an ton, nht l hot ng qua mng. Nhiu ngi s khng dm mua bn qua mng, thanh ton bng th qua my in t, my rt tin. Ngi mua th lo cc chi tit ca th tn dng ca mnh b l, v k xu s li dng m rt tin, ngi bn th lo ngi mua khng thanh ton cho cc hp ng hay giao dch c "k kt theo kiu in t". iu lo s y l c cn c, v s v tn cng vo Internet hay cc v lm v s dng th gi ngy cng gia tng. "Gic my tnh" dng nhiu th on khc nhau: mo quan h, b mt khu, to vi rt my tnh, gi mo a ch Internet, dp th gi, mc ni vi ngi bn hng tao ra cc giao dch "o"... K thut m ho hin i, vi kho di ti thiu 1024 bit thm ch 2048 bit cng vi cc cng ngh SSL (Secure Socket Layer), SET (Secure Electronic Transaction) ang gip gii quyt vn ny. Cc ngn hng pht hnh th ang khuyn khch pht hnh v s dng th c cc "chip" in t thay th cho cc di t. Mt chin lc v m ho v gii m km theo cc chng trnh bo v an ton thng tin cho ngn hng v khch hng phi lun c t ra v cp nht. 1.2.3 H thng tuyn truyn gio dc khch hng

Mt nhn t quan trng khc dn n thnh cng trong "Ngn hng in t" h thng phn phi sn phm, tuyn truyn v gio dc khch hng. iu ny i hi mt i ng nhn vin tip th chuyn nghip trang b vi cc kin thc nht nh v tin hc. zzz Vi mc tiu "ginh ly lng tin ca khch hng", cc ngn hng phi t ra mt chin lc tuyn truyn, qung co, thc hin, tng bc thuyt phc khch hng v tnh an ton v tin li ca dch v "Ngn hng in t".
i vi khch hng

Nhng kho st gn y cho thy in hnh ca khch hng s dng dch v "Ngn hng in t" l nhng ngi c trnh hc vn cao, tr v c thu nhp tng i cao. Vi kin thc tin hc cao, kh nng tip thu nhanh nhng vn tin b, h l nhng ngi tham gia dch v "Ngn hng in t" u tin. a phn trong s h thuc thnh phn tr thc t do, nhng ngi thnh t trong s nghip, nhng doanh nhn, tng lp trung lu trong x hi.
Cc quy nh ca Nh nc