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THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 1
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (7,0 im)
Cu I (2,0 im) Cho hm s
2 1
1
x
y
x
+
+
(C)
1.Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s cho
2.Tm trn th (C) nhng im c tng khong cch n hai tim cn ca (C) nh nht.
Cu II (2,0 im) 1. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
3 3
2 1
2 2
y x
x y y x
'
.
2.Gii phng trnh sau: ( )
6 6
8 sin cos 3 3sin4 3 3cos 2 9sin2 11 x x x x x + + +
.
Cu III (1,0 im) Tnh tch phn: I =
1 2
1
2
1
( 1 )
x
x
x e dx
x
+
+
.
Cu IV(1,0 im) Cho t din ABCD c AC = AD = a
2
, BC = BD = a, khong cch t B n mt phng
(ACD) bng
3
a
. Tnh gc gia hai mt phng (ACD) v (BCD). Bit th ca khi t din ABCD bng
3
15
27
a
.
Cu V (1,0 im) Vi mi s thc x, y tha iu kin ( )
2 2
2 1 x y xy + +
. Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh
nht ca biu thc
4 4
2 1
x y
P
xy
+
+
.
II. PHN RING (3,0 im) Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A.Theo chng trnh Chun
Cu VI.a( 2,0 im)
1. Trong mp vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn : x
2
+y
2
- 2x +6y -15=0 (C ). Vit PT ng thng () vung
gc vi ng thng: 4x-3y+2 =0 v ct ng trn (C) ti A;B sao cho AB = 6.
2.Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho hai ng thng: d
1
:
2 1
4 6 8
x y z +
v
d
2
:
7 2
6 9 12
x y z
. Xt v tr tng i ca d
1
v d
2
. Cho hai im A(1;-1;2) v B(3 ;- 4;-2), Tm ta
im I trn ng thng d
1
sao cho IA + IB t gi tr nh nht.
Cu VII.a (1,0 im) Cho
1
z
,
2
z
l cc nghim phc ca phng trnh
2
2 4 11 0 z z +
. Tnh gi tr ca biu
thc A =
2 2
1 2
2
1 2
( )
z z
z z
+
+
.
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao.
Cu VI.b(2,0 im)
1.Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC c A(1;4), trc tm H(3;-1), tm ng trn ngoi tip tam gic l
I(-2;0). Xc nh im B, C (bit x
C
>0)
2.Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz , cho M(1;2;3). Lp phng trnh mt phng i qua M ct ba tia Ox ti
A, Oy ti B, Oz ti C sao cho th tch t din OABC nh nht.
Cu VII.b (1,0 im) Gii h phng trnh:
'
+ +
+ +
y y x x
x y y x
2 2 2
2 2 2
log 2 log 72 log
log 3 log log
Ht
P N
I
A H B
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Cu Ni dung i
m
I
1 * Tp xc nh: D = R\{ - 1}
* S bin thin
- Gii hn v tim cn:
lim lim 2
x x
y y
+
; tim cn ngang: y = 2
( 1) ( 1)
lim ; lim
x x
y y
+
+
; tim cn ng: x = - 1
- Bng bin thin
Ta c
2
1
' 0
( 1)
y
x
>
+
vi mi x - 1
Hm s ng bin trn mi khong (-
; -1) v ( -1; +
)
1
2
Gi M(x
0
;y
0
) l mt im thuc (C), (x
0
- 1)
th
0
0
0
2 1
1
x
y
x
+
+
Gi A, B ln lt l hnh chiu ca M trn TC v TCN th
MA = |x
0
+1| , MB = | y
0
- 2| = |
0
0
2 1
1
x
x
+
+
- 2| = |
0
1
1 x +
|
Theo Cauchy th MA + MB 2
0
0
1
x 1 .
1 x
+
+
=2
; Gii (3)
4
( )
7
12
x k
k Z
x k
+
0,5
0,5
H
D
E
C
B
A
I
A H B
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Nu th sinh lm bi khng theo cch nu trong p n m vn ng th c im tng phn nh p n
quy nh.
------------------Ht------------------
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 2
A.PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH (7 im):
Cu I (2 im): Cho hm s
3 2 2 3
3 3( 1) y x mx m x m m + + (1)
1.Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1) ng vi m=1
2.Tm m hm s (1) c cc tr ng thi khong cch t im cc i ca th hm s n
gc ta O bng
2
ln khong cch t im cc tiu ca th hm s n gc ta O.
Cu II (2 im):
1. Gii phng trnh :
2
2 os3x.cosx+ 3(1 sin2x)=2 3 os (2 )
4
c c x
+ +
2. Gii phng trnh :
2 2
1 2 2 1 2 2
2
2
log (5 2 ) log (5 2 ).log (5 2 ) log (2 5) log (2 1).log (5 2 )
x
x x x x x x
+
+ + +
Cu III (1 im): Tnh tch phn
6
0
tan( )
4
os2x
x
I dx
c
+
+ +
Vy c 2 gi tr ca m l
3 2 2 m
v
3 2 2 m +
.
025
1.
os4x+cos2x+ 3(1 sin 2 ) 3 1 os(4x+ )
2
os4x+ 3sin 4 os2x+ 3sin 2 0
PT c x c
c x c x
_
+ +
,
+
05
sin(4 ) sin(2 ) 0
6 6
18 3
2sin(3 ). osx=0
6
x=
2
x x
x k
x c
k
+ + +
Vy PT c hai nghim
2
x k
+ v
18 3
x k
+ .
05
2. K :
1 5
2 2
0
x
x
< <
'
.
Vi K trn PT cho tng ng vi
05
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III
IV
2
2 2
2 2 2 2
2
log (5 2 )
log (5 2 ) 2log (5 2 ) 2log (5 2 ) log (2 1)
log (2 1)
x
x x x x
x
+ + +
+
2
2 2
2
1
4
log (2 1) 1
1
log (5 2 ) 2log (2 1) 2
2
log (5 2 ) 0
2
x
x
x x x x
x
x
025
Kt hp vi K trn PT cho c 3 nghim x=-1/4 , x=1/2 v x=2. 025
2 6 6
2
0 0
tan( )
tan 1
4
os2x (t anx+1)
x
x
I dx dx
c
+
,
2
2
1 tan x
cos 2x
1 tan x
+
025
t
2
2
1
t anx dt= (tan 1)
cos
t dx x dx
x
+
0 0
1
6 3
x t
x t
05
Suy ra
1
1
3
3
2
0
0
1 1 3
( 1) 1 2
dt
I
t t
+ +
.
025
Ta c
, ( , )
, ( )
AM BC BC SA BC AB
AM SB SA AB
'
AM SC (1)
Tng t ta c AN SC (2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra AI SC
05
V IH song song vi BC ct SB ti H. Khi IH vung gc vi (AMB)
Suy ra
1
.
3
ABMI ABM
V S IH
Ta c
2
4
ABM
a
S
2 2
2 2 2 2 2
. 1 1 1
2 3 3 3
IH SI SI SC SA a
IH BC a
BC SC SC SA AC a a
+ +
Vy
2 3
1
3 4 3 36
ABMI
a a a
V
05
Ta c :
[ ]
2
3 ( ) 2( ) 2
3 9 2( ) 2
27 6 ( ) 2 ( 3)
P x y z xy yz zx xyz
xy yz zx xyz
x y z yz x
1 + + + +
]
+ +
+ +
025
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VIa
VIIa
2
3 2
( )
27 6 (3 ) ( 3)
2
1
( 15 27 27)
2
y z
x x x
x x x
+
+
+ +
025
Xt hm s
3 2
( ) 15 27 27 f x x x x + + , vi 0<x<3
, 2
1
( ) 3 30 27 0
9
x
f x x x
x
+
,
Vy hai im cn tm l A(0;1) v B(4;4).
05
2. Ta c mt cu (S) c tm I(1;-3;2) v bn knh R=4
Vc t php tuyn ca
( )
l (1; 4;1) n
r
025
V
( ) ( ) P
v song song vi gi ca
v
r
nn nhn vc t
(2; 1; 2)
p
n n v
uur r r
lm vtpt. Do (P):2x-y+2z+m=0
025
V (P) tip xc vi (S) nn
( ( )) 4 d I P
21
( ( )) 4
3
m
d I P
m
025
Vy c hai mt phng : 2x-y+2z+3=0 v 2x-y+2z-21=0. 025
Ta c
10 10
2 10 2
10 10
0 0 0
(1 2 3 ) (2 3 ) ( 2 3 )
k
k k k i k i i k i
k
k k i
P x x C x x C C x
+
+ + +
05
Theo gi thit ta c
4
0 1 2
0 10
4 3 2
,
k i
i i i
i k
k k k
i k N
+
' ' ' '
025
Vy h s ca
4
x l:
4 4 3 1 2 2 2 2
10 10 3 10 2
2 2 3 3 8085 C C C C C + + .
025
1. Ta c PT ng thng AB:2x+3y=0
Gi C(x;y) vi x>0,y>0.Khi ta c
2 2
1
9 4
x y
+ v din tch tam gic ABC l
1 85 85
. ( ) 2 3 3
2 13 3 4 2 13
ABC
x y
S AB d C AB x y + +
05
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VIb
VIIb
2 2
85 170
3 2 3
13 9 4 13
x y _
+
,
Du bng xy ra khi
2 2
2
1
3
9 4
2
2
3 2
x y
x
x y
y
' '
. Vy
3 2
( ; 2)
2
C .
05
Xt khai trin
0 1 2 2
(1 ) ...
n n n
n n n n
x C C x C x C x + + + + +
Ly tch phn 2 v cn t 0 n 2 , ta c:
1 2 3 1
0 1 3
3 1 2 2 2
2 ...
1 2 3 1
n n
n
n n n n
C C C C
n n
+ +
+ + + +
+ +
05
2 1 1
0 1 2
1
2 2 2 3 1 121 3 1
...
2 3 1 2( 1) 1 2( 1)
3 243 4
n n n
n
n n n n
n
C C C C
n n n n
n
+ +
+
+ + + +
+ + + +
Vy n=4.
05
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 3
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I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH (7,0 im)
Cu I. (2 im) Cho hm s
3 2
3 2 y x x + ( ) C
1.Kho st s bin thin v v th ( ) C
ca hm s
2.Tm m ng thng i qua hai im cc tr ca ( ) C
tip xc vi ng trn c phng trnh
( ) ( )
2 2
1 5 x m y m +
Cu II. (2 im)
1. Gii phng trnh
3 4
2(cot 3)
2
sin 2 cos
x
x x
+ +
2. Gii phng trnh
x 2
1 1 1
log x 1
2
log log 4 2
2x 1
4
+ +
,
0 y
, 1 x v
x e
. Tnh
th tch ca vt th trn xoay c to thnh khi quay hnh phng D quanh trc 0x
Cu IV. (1 im) Cho lng tr ng . ' ' ' ABC A B C c y ABC l tam gic cn vi AB AC a , gc
0
120 BAC , cnh bn
'
BB a . Gi I l trung im ca ' CC . Chng minh tam gic ' AB I vung ti A v tnh
cosin ca gc gia hai mt phng ( ) ABC
v ( ) ' AB I
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Cu V.(1 im) Cho
, x y
l cc s thc tha mn
2 2
1 x y xy + .Tm GTLN, GTNN ca
6 6 2 2
2 F x y x y xy +
II. PHN RING CHO CC TH SINH (3,0 im) Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn
1.Phn dnh cho th sinh theo chng trnh chun
Cu VI.a (2 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to
Oxy
, tm to cc nh ca tam gic ABC vung cn, bit nh ( ) 3; 1 C
v
phng trnh ca cnh huyn l
3 10 0 x y +
2.Cho mt phng (P):
2 2 1 0 x y z +
v cc ng thng:
1 3
:
1
2 1 2
x y z
d
,
5 5
:
2
3 4 2
x y z
d
+
Tm
cc im
1 2
d , d A B
sao cho AB // (P) v AB cch (P) mt khong bng 1.
Cu VII.a (1 im) Tm h s ca s hng cha x
2
trong khai trin nh thc Niutn ca
1
4
2
n
x
x
+
_
,
bit rng n l s nguyn dng tha mn: ( )
1 2 3 1
2 3 1 64
n n
n n n n n
C C C n C nC n
+ + + + + L
2.Phn dnh cho th sinh theo chng trnh nng cao
Cu VI.b (2 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to
Oxy
, cho hnh bnh hnh ABCD c din tch bng 4. Bit A(0;0), B(-1;2) v
giao im I ca hai ng cho nm trn ng thng y = x-1. Tm ta nh C v D.
2.Cho hai ng thng d
1
v d
2
ln lt c phng trnh:
1
2 2 3
:
2 1 3
x y z
d
2
1 2 1
: ,
2 1 4
x y z
d
Vit phng trnh mt phng cch u hai ng thng d
1
v d
2
Cu VII.b (1 im) Tm h s ca
20
x
trong khai trin ca biu thc
5
3
2
( )
n
x
x
+
bit rng:
1 1 1 1
0 1 2
... ( 1)
2 3 1 13
n n
C C C C
n n n n
n
+ + +
+
P N
PHN CHUNG
Cu I
2
1
+ Tp xc nh D = R
+ S bin thin
2
0
' 3 6 0
2
x
y x x
x
0,25
Hm ng bin trn cc khong ( ) ; 0
v ( ) 2; +
Hm s nghch bin trn ( ) 0; 2
+ Gii hn
lim ; lim ;
x x
y y
+
+
Cc tr: Hm s t cc i ti 0 x v y
c
= 2
Hm s t cc tiu ti 2 x v y
ct
= -2
0,25
im un (1;0)
Bng bin thin (0,25)
x
0 2 +
y + 0 - 0 +
y
2 +
-2
th (0,25)
0,5
4
2
- 2
- 4
- 5 5
0
1
3 2 - 1
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2
Phng trnh ng thng i qua hai im cc tr
: 2 2 0 x y + 0,25
Tm ca ng trn
( , 1) I m m+
, bn knh R= 5
0,25
Theo gi thit ta c
2 1 2
5 3 1 5
5
m m
m
+ +
2
4
3
m
m
0,5
Cu
II
2
1
iu kin sin 2 0
2
k
x x
. 0,25
Ta c
( )
4
2
3 1 2 3 2
sin 2
x x
x
+ + tan cot
2 2
2(sin cos )
2
3 3 2
sin cos
x x
x x
x x
+
+ tan cotg
2
3 2 3 0 x x + tan tan
0,5
3 x tan
3
x k
+
1
3
x tan
6
x k
+
0,25
2
Gii phng trnh
x 2
1 1 1
log x 1
2
log log 4 2
2x 1
4
+ +
iu kin
2, 3 x x >
.
0,25
(1)
4 4 4 4
log (x 2) log (2x 1) log 2 log (x 1) + +
( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 1 2 1 x x x +
0
2
2 7 0
7
2
x
x x
x
0,5
i chiu iu kin ta c
7
2
x 0,25
Cu
III
1
Gi V l th tich cn tm.
( )
2
2
1
ln 2 x
V dx
x
. t
( )
2
ln 2
1
u x
dv dx
x
+
'
1
2
1 1
2
du dx
x
v
x
'
0,5
Suy ra V= ( ) ( )
1 1
1
1 1 3 1 1 1
ln 2 ln3 ln 2 ln
2 2 2 2 2
e
e e
dx
x e x
x x e
_ _
+ + + + + +
, ,
( )
3 1 1 1
[ ln3 ln 2 ]
2 2 2
e
e
_
+ + +
,
0,5
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Cu
IV
1
Ta c 3 BC a . p dng nh l Pitago trong tam gic vung ACI, ABB, BCI
Suy ra
5 13
, ' 2 , '
2 2
AI a AB a B I a
0.25
Do
2 2 2
' ' AI AB B I +
. Vy tam gic ABI vung ti A 0,25
+
2
'
1 10
. '
2 4
AB I
S AI AB a .
2
3
4
ABC
S a
Gi
1
1
]
( )
2
' 6 4 2 f t t t +
( )
1
;1
3
1
3
1
' 0
t
t
f t
1
1
]
Ta c ( )
1 37 1 5
, 1 1,
3 27 3 27
f f f
_ _
, ,
0,25
Suy ra
37
( )
27
Max f t khi
1
3
t suy ra
1 1 1 1
,
2 6 2 6
x y +
0,25
( ) 1 Minf t
khi 1 t suy ra
1 x y 0,25
1.Phn dnh cho th sinh theo chng trnh chun
Cu
Va
2
1
Ta c tam gic ABC cung cn ti C.
Goi H l trung im ca AB suy ra
: 3 0 CH x y +
To ca H l nghip ca h
3 0 3
3 10 0 1
x y x
x y y
+
' '
+
0,25
gi s A(t;3t+10) ta c
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3 3 9 40 AH CH t t + + +
1
5
t
t
0,25
Vi t = -1. Suy ra
( 1; 7), ( 5; 5) A B 0,25
Vi t = -5. Suy ra
( 1; 7), ( 5; 5) B A 0,25
A'
B' C'
B
A
C
I
A B
C
H
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2
1 1 1 1
(2 1, 3, 2 ) A d A t t t + +
2 2 2 2
(3 5, 4 , 2 5) B d B t t t +
2 1 2 1 2 1
(3 2 4, 4 3, 2 2 5) AB t t t t t t + +
uuur
2 1 2 1 2 1
. 0 2(3 2 4) 4 3 2(2 2 5) 0
p
AB n t t t t t t + + + + +
uuur uur
2 1
6 1 0 t t + +
0,25
( )
1 1 1 1
/( )
4 2 3 4 1 2
/ /( ) 1
3 3
A P
t t t t
AB P d
+ +
1
1
5
1
t
t
0,25
Vi
1 2
2 8 11
5 ( 9; 2;10), 7; ;
3 3 3
t t A B
_
,
0,25
1 2
1 4 17
1 (3; 4; 2), 4; ;
3 3 3
t t A B
_
,
0,25
Cu VIIa
1
Xt khai trin ( )
0 1 2 2 1 1
1 ...
n
n n n n
n n n n n
x C C x C x C x C x
+ + + + + +
ly o hm hai v ta c ( ) ( )
1
1 2 1 2 1
1 2 ... 1
n
n n n n
n n n n
n x C C x n C x nC x
+ + + + +
0,25
Thay x=1 suy ra ( )
1 2 3 1 1
2 3 1 2
n n n
n n n n n
C C C n C nC n
+ + + + + L
1 1
64 2 64 2 7
n n
n n
0,25
( )
7
7
7
7
4 4
0
1 1
2 2
k
k
k
k
x C x
x x
_ _
+
, ,
s hng cha
2
x c h s l
7
1
2
k
k
C vi k tho mn
7
2 2
2 4
k k
k
0,25
Suy ra h s cha
2
x l
2
7
1 21
4 4
C 0,25
2.Phn dnh cho th sinh theo chng trnh nng cao
Cu
VIb
2
1
phng trnh ng thng AB: 2x+y=0. gi h l khong
cch t I ti AB. 5 AB
4 1
ABCD ABI ABI
S S S
.
1 2
. 1
2 5
AB h h
0,25
Gi to dim I l ( )
0 0
, I x y
ta c h
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0
2
2 1, 0
2 2
5 5 1 4
1 ,
1 3 3
x y
x y
x y
y x x y
y x
+
+
' ' '
0,25
Do I l trung im AC v BD nn
Vi I(1;0) suy ra C(2;0) v D(3;-2) 0,25
Vi I(
1
;
3
4
3
) suy ra
2 8
;
3 3
C
_
,
v D
1 14
;
3 3
_
,
Vy c hai cp C, D tho mn C(2;0) v D(3;-2) hoc
2 8
;
3 3
C
_
,
v D
1 14
;
3 3
_
,
0,25
2
Do mt phng (P) cch u
1 2
, d d
nn (P) song song vi
2 1
, d d
( ), 3 ; 1 ; 2
1
d
u ( ), 4 ; 1 ; 2
2
d
u
( )
1 2
, 7; 2; 4
d d
u u
1
]
uur uuur
chn ( )
1 2
, 7; 2; 4
p d d
n u u
1
]
uur uur uuur
0,25
I
D
C
A
B
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Suy ra phng trnh mt phng (P) c dng
7 2 4 0 x y z d +
Do (P) cch u
1 2
, d d
suy ra khong cch t (2;2;3)
1
( ) d
v ( )
2
1; 2;1 d
bng
nhau.
Ta c
7.2 2.2 4.3 7.1 2.2 4.1
3
2 1
2 69 69
d d
d d d
+ +
0,5
Ta c phng trnh mt phng (P)
14 4 8 3 0 x y z + 0,25
Cu VIIb
1
Ta c
0 1 2 2
(1 ) .... ( 1)
n n n n
n n n n
x C C x C x C x + +
V
1
0
1
(1 )
1
n
x dx
n
+
0,25
1
0 1 2 2 0 1 2
0
1 1 1 1
( .... ( 1) ) ... ( 1)
2 3 1 13
n n n n n
n n n n n n n n
C C x C x C x dx C C C C
n
+ + + + +
+
suy ra 1 13 12 n n +
0,25
12
12 12
5 5 12 5 12 8 36
12 12
3 3 3
0 0
2 2 2
( ) ( ) .( ) ( ) .2 .
k
n k k k k k
k k
x x C x C x
x x x
+ +
S hng ng vi tho mn: 8 36 20 7 k k
0,25
H s ca
20
x
l:
7 5
12
.2 25344 C
0,25
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 4
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (7,0 im)
Cu I (2 im) Cho hm s y = x
3
3x
2
+2 (1)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1).
2. Tm im M thuc ng thng y =3x-2 sao tng khong cch t M ti hai im cc tr nh nht.
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Cu II (2 im)
1. Gii phng trnh cos2x 2sin x 1 2sin xcos 2x 0 +
2. Gii bt phng trnh
( )
2
4x 3 x 3x 4 8x 6 +
Cu III ( 1im)Tnh tch phn
3
6
cotx
I dx
sinx.sin x
4
_
+
,
Cu IV (1 im)
Cho hnh chp S.ABC c mt y (ABC) l tam gic u cnh a. Chn ng vung gc h t S xung
mt phng (ABC) l mt im thuc BC. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng BC v SA bit SA=a v
SA to vi mt phng y mt gc bng 30
0
.
Cu V (1 im) Cho a,b, c dng v a
2
+b
2
+c
2
=3. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
3 3 3
2 2 2
3 3 3
a b c
P
b c a
+ +
+ + +
PHN RING (3 im)
A. Theo chng trnh chun
Cu VI.a. (2 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho ng trn (C) :
2 2
x y 2x 8y 8 0 + + . Vit phng trnh
ng thng song song vi ng thng d: 3x+y-2=0 v ct ng trn theo mt dy cung c di bng
6.
2. Cho ba im A(1;5;4), B(0;1;1), C(1;2;1). Tm ta im D thuc ng thng AB sao cho di
on thng CD nh nht.
Cu VII.a (1 im)
Tm s phc z tho mn :
z 2 i 2 +
. Bit phn o nh hn phn thc 3 n v.
B. Theo chng trnh nng cao
Cu VI.b (2 im)
1. Tnh gi tr biu thc:
2 4 6 100
100 100 100 100
4 8 12 ... 200 A C C C C + + + +
.
2. Cho hai ng thng c phng trnh:
1
2 3
: 1
3 2
x z
d y
+
+
2
3
: 7 2
1
x t
d y t
z t
+
'
' '
+
=>
4 2
;
5 5
M
_
,
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
II
1
Gii phng trnh: cos2x 2sin x 1 2sin x cos 2x 0 + (1)
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 os2 1 2sin 1 2sin 0
os2 1 1 2sin 0
c x x x
c x x
Khi cos2x=1<=> x k , k Z
Khi
1
sinx
2
2
6
x k
+ hoc
5
2
6
x k
+ , k Z
0,5
0,5
2
Gii bt phng trnh:
( )
2
4x 3 x 3x 4 8x 6 + (1)
(1) ( )
( )
2
4 3 3 4 2 0 x x x +
Ta c: 4x-3=0<=>x=3/4
2
3 4 2 x x +
=0<=>x=0;x=3
Bng xt du:
x - 0 2 +
0,25
0,25
0,25
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4x-3 - - 0 + +
2
3 4 2 x x +
+ 0 - - 0 +
V tri - 0 + 0 - 0 +
Vy bt phng trnh c nghim: [ )
3
0; 3;
4
x
1
+
1
]
0,25
III
Tnh
( )
( )
3 3
6 6
3
2
6
cot cot
2
sinx sinx cos
sin xsin
4
cot
2
sin x 1 cot
x x
I dx dx
x
x
x
dx
x
+ _
+
,
t 1+cotx=t
2
1
sin
dx dt
x
Khi
3 1
1 3;
6 3 3
x t x t
+
+
Vy
( )
3 1
3 1
3 1
3 3 1
3
1 2
2 2 ln 2 ln 3
3
t
I dt t t
t
+
+
+
+
_
,
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
IV
Gi chn ng vung gc h t S xung BC l H.
Xt SHA(vung ti H)
0
3
cos30
2
a
AH SA
M ABC u cnh a, m cnh
3
2
a
AH
=> H l trung im ca cnh BC
=> AH BC, m SH BC => BC(SAH)
T H h ng vung gc xung SA ti K
=> HK l khong cch gia BC v SA
=>
0
3
AHsin30
2 4
AH a
HK
Vy khong cch gia hai ng thng BC
v SA bng
3
4
a
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
V
Ta c:
3 3 2 6 2
3
2 2
3 3
3
16 64 4
2 3 2 3
a a b a a
b b
+
+ +
+ +
(1)
3 3 2 6 2
3
2 2
3 3
3
16 64 4
2 3 2 3
b b c c c
c c
+
+ +
+ +
(2)
0,5
H
A
C
B
S
K
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3 3 2 6 2
3
2 2
3 3
3
16 64 4
2 3 2 3
c c a c c
a a
+
+ +
+ +
(3)
Ly (1)+(2)+(3) ta c:
( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
9 3
16 4
a b c
P a b c
+ + +
+ + + (4)
V a
2
+b
2
+c
2
=3
T (4)
3
2
P vy gi tr nh nht
3
2
P khi a=b=c=1.
0,25
0,25
PHN RING (3 im)
A. Theo chng trnh chun
VI.a
1
ng trn (C) c tm I(-1;4), bn knh R=5
Gi phng trnh ng thng cn tm l ,
=> : 3x+y+c=0, c2 (v // vi ng thng 3x+y-2=0)
V ng thng ct ng trn theo mt dy cung c di bng 6=> khong
cch t tm I n bng
2 2
5 3 4
( )
2
4 10 1 3 4
, 4
3 1 4 10 1
c c
d I
c
+ +
+
(tha mn c2)
Vy phng trnh ng trn cn tm l: 3 4 10 1 0 x y + + hoc
3 4 10 1 0 x y + .
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
2
Ta c ( ) 1; 4; 3 AB
uuur
Phng trnh ng thng AB:
1
5 4
4 3
x t
y t
z t
'
' '
a b i
a b
b a b a
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
+
' '
+
a a
hoac
b b
Vy s phc cn tm l: z=
2 2
+(
1 2
)i; z= z=
2 2 +
+(
1 2 +
)i.
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
A. Theo chng trnh nng cao
VI.b 1
Ta c: ( )
100
0 1 2 2 100 100
100 100 100 100
1 ... x C C x C x C x + + + + + (1)
( )
100
0 1 2 2 3 3 100 100
100 100 100 100 100
1 ... x C C x C x C x C x + + + (2)
Ly (1)+(2) ta c:
( ) ( )
100 100
0 2 2 4 4 100 100
100 100 100 100
1 1 2 2 2 ... 2 x x C C x C x C x + + + + + +
Ly o hm hai v theo n x ta c
0,25
0,25
0,25
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( ) ( )
99 99
2 4 3 100 99
100 100 100
100 1 100 1 4 8 ... 200 x x C x C x C x + + + +
Thay x=1 vo
=>
99 2 4 100
100 100 100
100.2 4 8 ... 200 A C C C + + +
0,25
2
Gi ng thng cn tm l d v ng thng d ct hai ng thng d
1
v d
2
ln lt ti im A(2+3a;-1+a;-3+2a) v B(3+b;7-2b;1-b).
Do ng thng d i qua M(3;10;1)=>
MA kMB
uuur uuur
( ) ( ) 3 1; 11; 4 2 , ; 2 3; MA a a a MB b b b +
uuur uuur
3 1 3 1 1
11 2 3 3 2 11 2
4 2 2 4 1
a kb a kb a
a kb k a k kb k
a kb a kb b
+ +
' ' '
+ +
=> ( ) 2; 10; 2 MA
uuur
Phng trnh ng thng AB l:
3 2
10 10
1 2
x t
y t
z t
+
'
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
VII.b
=24+70i,
7 5i +
hoc
7 5i
2
5 4
z i
z i
+
>
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 5
I.Phn chung cho tt c th sinh (7 im)
Cu I (2 im). Cho hm s
2
1 2
+
+
x
x
y c th l (C)
1.Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s
2.Chng minh ng thng d: y = --x + m lun lun ct th (C) ti hai im
phn bit A, B. Tm m on AB c di nh nht.
Cu II (2 im)
1.Gii phng trnh 9sinx + 6cosx -- 3sin2x + cos2x = 8
2.Gii bt phng trnh
) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
Cu III (1 im). Tm nguyn hm
x x
dx
I
5 3
cos . sin
Cu IV (1 im). Cho lng tr tam gic ABC.A
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh bng a, gc to bi
cnh bn v mt phng y bng 30
0
. Hnh chiu H ca im A trn mt phng
(A
1
B
1
C
1
) thuc ng thng B
1
C
1
. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng AA
1
v B
1
C
1
theo a.
Cu V (1 im). Xt ba s thc khng m a, b, c tha mn a
2009
+ b
2009
+ c
2009
= 3. Tm
gi tr ln nht ca biu thc P = a
4
+ b
4
+ c
4
II.Phn ring (3 im)
1.Theo chng trnh chun
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Cu VIa:
1.Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh (x-1)
2
+
(y+2)
2
= 9 v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy nht
mt im A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai tip
im) sao cho tam gic ABC vung.
2.Cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng d c phng trnh
'
+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
. Lp phng
trnh mt phng (P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Cu VIIa: 1). C bao nhiu s t nhin c 4 ch s khc nhau v khc 0 m trong mi s
lun lun c mt hai ch s chn v hai ch s l.
2) Gii phng trnh:
) ( , 1
4
C z
i z
i z
,
_
+
2.Theo chng trnh nng cao (3 im)
Cu VIb (2 im)
1.Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C): x
2
+ y
2
- 2x + 4y - 4 = 0
v ng thng d c phng trnh x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy
nht mt im A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai
tip im) sao cho tam gic ABC vung.
2.Cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng d c phng trnh
3
1
1 2
1
z y x
. Lp
phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong cch t d ti (P) l ln
nht.
Cu VIIb (1 im) C bao nhiu s t nhin c 5 ch s khc nhau m trong mi s lun
lun c mt hai ch s chn v ba ch s l.
Cu p n im
I
(2
im
)
1. (1,25 im)
a.TX: D = R\{-2}
b.Chiu bin thin
+Gii hn:
+
+
+ 2 2
lim ; lim ; 2 lim lim
x x x x
y y y y
Suy ra th hm s c mt tim cn ng l x = -2 v mt tim
cn ngang l y = 2
0,5
+
D x
x
y >
+
0
) 2 (
3
'
2
Suy ra hm s ng bin trn mi khong
) 2 ; (
v
) ; 2 ( +
0,25
+Bng bin thin
x
-2 +
y + +
+ 2
y
0,25
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2
c. th:
th ct cc trc Oy ti im (0;
2
1
) v ct trc Ox ti im(
2
1
;0)
th nhn im (-2;2) lm tm i xng
0,25
2. (0,75 im)
Honh giao im ca th (C ) v ng thng d l nghim
ca phng trnh
'
+ +
+
+
+
) 1 ( 0 2 1 ) 4 (
2
2
1 2
2
m x m x
x
m x
x
x
Do (1) c m m m va m + + > + 0 3 2 1 ) 2 ).( 4 ( ) 2 ( 0 1
2 2
nn -
ng thng d lun lun ct th (C ) ti hai im phn bit A, B
0,25
Ta c y
A
= m x
A
; y
B
= m x
B
nn AB
2
= (x
A
x
B
)
2
+ (y
A
y
B
)
2
= 2(m
2
+ 12) suy ra AB ngn nht AB
2
nh nht m = 0. Khi
24 AB
0,5
II
(2
im
)
1. (1 im)
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi
9sinx + 6cosx 6sinx.cosx + 1 2sin
2
x = 8
6cosx(1 sinx) (2sin
2
x 9sinx + 7) = 0
6cosx(1 sinx) (sinx 1)(2sinx 7) = 0
0,5
(1-sinx)(6cosx + 2sinx 7) = 0
+
) ( 0 7 sin 2 cos 6
0 sin 1
VN x x
x
2
2
k x +
0,5
2. (1 im)
K:
'
>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x
Bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi
) 1 ( ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
2
2
2
2
> x x x
t t = log
2
x,
BPT (1) ) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
0,5
x
y
O
2
-2
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< <
< <
'
> +
>
4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t
0,25
< <
<
16 8
2
1
0
x
x
Vy BPT cho c tp nghim l: ) 16 ; 8 ( ]
2
1
; 0 (
III
1
im
x x
dx
x x x
dx
I
2 3 2 3 3
cos . 2 sin
8
cos . cos . sin
t tanx = t
dt
t
t
t
t
dt
I
t
t
x
x
dx
dt
+
+
+
3
3 2
3
2
2 2
) 1 (
)
1
2
(
8
1
2
2 sin ;
cos
0,5
C
x
x x x dt t
t
t t
dt
t
t t t
+ + + + + +
+ + +
2
2 4 3 3
3
2 4 6
tan 2
1
tan ln 3 tan
2
3
tan
4
1
)
3
3 (
1 3 3
0,5
Cu
IV
1
im
Do ) (
1 1 1
C B A AH nn gc H AA
1
l gc gia AA
1
v (A
1
B
1
C
1
), theo
gi thit th gc H AA
1
bng 30
0
. Xt tam gic vung AHA
1
c AA
1
= a, gc H AA
1
=30
0
2
3
1
a
H A . Do tam gic A
1
B
1
C
1
l tam gic
u cnh a, H thuc B
1
C
1
v
2
3
1
a
H A nn A
1
H vung gc vi
B
1
C
1
. Mt khc
1 1
C B AH nn ) (
1 1 1
H AA C B
0,5
K ng cao HK ca tam gic AA
1
H th HK chnh l khong cch
gia AA
1
v B
1
C
1
0,25
Ta c AA
1
.HK = A
1
H.AH
4
3 .
1
1
a
AA
AH H A
HK
0,25
A
1
A B
C
C
1
B
1
K
H
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Cu
V
1
im
p dng bt ng thc C si cho 2005 s 1 v 4 s a
2009
ta c
) 1 ( . 2009 . . . . 2009 1 ... 1 1
4 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
2005
a a a a a a a a a + + + + + + +
Tng t ta c
) 2 ( . 2009 . . . . 2009 1 ... 1 1
4 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
2005
b b b b b b b b b + + + + + + +
) 3 ( . 2009 . . . . 2009 1 ... 1 1
4 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
2005
c c c c c c c c c + + + + + + +
0,5
Cng theo v (1), (2), (3) ta c
) ( 2009 6027
) ( 2009 ) ( 4 6015
4 4 4
4 4 4 2009 2009 2009
c b a
c b a c b a
+ +
+ + + + +
T suy ra 3
4 4 4
+ + c b a P
Mt khc ti a = b = c = 1 th P = 3 nn gi tr ln nht ca P = 3.
0,5
Cu
VIa
2
i
m
1.T phng trnh chnh tc ca ng trn ta c tm I(1;-2), R = 3,
t A k c 2 tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn v AC AB => t gic
ABIC l hnh vung cnh bng 3
2 3 IA
0,5
7
5
6 1 2 3
2
1
m
m
m
m
0,5
2. (1 im)
Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d, mt phng (P) i qua A v (P)//d,
khi khong cch gia d v (P) l khong cch t H n (P).
G.s im I l hnh chiu ca H ln (P), ta c HI AH => HI ln nht
khi I A
Vy (P) cn tm l mt phng i qua A v nhn
AH
lm vc t
php tuyn.
0,5
) 3 1 ; ; 2 1 ( t t t H d H + +
v H l hnh chiu ca A trn d nn
) 3 ; 1 ; 2 ( ( 0 . u u AH d AH l vc t ch phng ca d)
) 5 ; 1 ; 7 ( ) 4 ; 1 ; 3 ( AH H Vy (P): 7(x 10) + (y 2) 5(z + 1) = 0
7x + y -5z -77 = 0
0,5
Cu
VIIa
1
i
m
T gi thit bi ton ta thy c 6
2
4
C cch chn 2 ch s chn (v
khng c s 0)v 10
2
5
C cch chn 2 ch s l => c
2
5
C .
2
5
C = 60 b
4 s tha mn bi ton
0,5
Mi b 4 s nh th c 4! s c thnh lp. Vy c tt c
2
4
C .
2
5
C .4! =
1440 s
0,5
2.Ban nng cao.
Cu
VIa
2
i
1.( 1 im)
T phng trnh chnh tc ca ng trn ta c tm I(1;-2), R = 3, t
A k c 2 tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn v AC AB => t gic ABIC
l hnh vung cnh bng 3
2 3 IA
0,5
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m
7
5
6 1 2 3
2
1
m
m
m
m
0,5
2.Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d, mt phng (P) i qua A v (P)//d,
khi khong cch gia d v (P) l khong cch t H n (P).
Gi s im I l hnh chiu ca H ln (P), ta c HI AH => HI ln nht
khi I A
Vy (P) cn tm l mt phng i qua A v nhn
AH
lm vc t php
tuyn.
0,5
) 3 1 ; ; 2 1 ( t t t H d H + +
v H l hnh chiu ca A trn d nn
) 3 ; 1 ; 2 ( ( 0 . u u AH d AH l vc t ch phng ca d)
) 5 ; 1 ; 7 ( ) 4 ; 1 ; 3 ( AH H Vy (P): 7(x 10) + (y 2) 5(z + 1) = 0
7x + y -5z -77 = 0
0,5
Cu
VIIa
1
i
m
T gi thit bi ton ta thy c 10
2
5
C cch chn 2 ch s chn (k
c s c ch s 0 ng u) v
3
5
C =10 cch chn 2 ch s l => c
2
5
C .
3
5
C = 100 b 5 s c chn.
0,5
Mi b 5 s nh th c 5! s c thnh lp => c tt c
2
5
C .
3
5
C .5! =
12000 s.
Mt khc s cc s c lp nh trn m c ch s 0 ng u l
960 ! 4 . .
3
5
1
4
C C . Vy c tt c 12000 960 = 11040 s tha mn bi ton
0,5
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 6
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phn chung cho tt c cc th sinh
Cu I (2 im) Cho hm s 4 3
2 3
+ x x y
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s.
2. Gi d l ng thng i qua im A(3; 4) v c h s gc l m. Tm m d
ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit A, M, N sao cho hai tip tuyn ca (C) ti M v N vung
gc vi nhau.
Cu II (2im)
1. Gii h phng trnh:
'
+ +
+ + +
y y x x
y y x y x
) 2 )( 1 (
4 ) ( 1
2
2
(x, y R)
2. Gii phng trnh: 8
1
3
tan
6
tan
3 cos cos 3 sin . sin
3 3
,
_
+
,
_
+
x x
x x x x
Cu III (1 im) Tnh tch phn
+ +
1
0
2
) 1 ln( dx x x x I
Cu IV (1 im) Cho hnh lng tr ABC.ABC c y l tam gic u cnh a, hnh
chiu vung gc ca A ln mt phng (ABC) trng vi trng tm O ca tam gic ABC.
Mt mt phng (P) cha BC v vung gc vi AA, ct lng tr theo mt thit din c
din tch bng
8
3
2
a
. Tnh th tch khi lng tr ABC.ABC.
www.VNMATH.com
Cu V (1 im) Cho a, b, c l ba s thc dng tha mn abc = 1. Tm gi tr ln nht
ca biu thc
3 2
1
3 2
1
3 2
1
2 2 2 2 2 2
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +
a c c b b a
P
Phn t chn (Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn: Phn 1 hoc Phn 2)
Phn 1 .C u VI.a (2 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h trc ta Oxy cho parabol (P): x x y 2
2
v elip
(E): 1
9
2
2
+ y
x
. Chng minh rng (P) giao (E) ti 4 im phn bit cng nm trn mt -
ng trn. Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua 4 im .
2. Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz cho mt cu (S) c phng trnh
0 11 6 4 2
2 2 2
+ + + z y x z y x v mt phng () c phng trnh 2x + 2y z + 17 = 0.
Vit phng trnh mt phng () song song vi () v ct (S) theo giao tuyn l ng
trn c chu vi bng 6.
Cu VII.a(1im) Tm h s ca s hng cha x
2
trong khai trin nh thc Niutn ca
n
x
x
,
_
+
4
2
1
, bit rng n l s nguyn dng tha mn:
1
6560
1
2
3
2
2
2
2
1
2
3
1
2
0
+
+
+ + + +
+
n
C
n
C C C
n
n
n
n n n
(
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n phn t)
Phn 2 Cu VI.b (2 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h trc ta Oxy cho hai ng thng d
1
: x + y + 5 = 0, d
2
:
x + 2y - 7= 0 v tam gic ABC c A(2 ; 3), trng tm l im G(2; 0), im B thuc d
1
v
im C thuc d
2
. Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC.
2. Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz cho tam gic ABC vi A(1; 2; 5), B(1; 4;
3), C(5; 2; 1) v mt phng (P): x y z 3 = 0. Gi M l mt im thay i trn
mt phng (P). Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
2 2 2
MC MB MA + +
Cu VII.b (1 im) Gii h phng trnh
'
+
+ +
+
+
1
) 1 ( 2
y x e
x e e
y x
y x y x
(x, y R)
Hng dn chm mn ton
Cu Ni dung im
I.1 Kho st hm s 4 3
2 3
+ x x y 1,00
1. Tp xc nh: R
2. S bin thin:
a) Gii hn:
+ + +
+ +
) 4 x 3 x ( lim y lim , ) 4 x 3 x ( lim y lim
2 3
x x
2 3
x x
0,25
b) Bng bin thin: y' = 3x
2
- 6x, y' = 0
x = 0, x = 2
Bng bin thin:
x
-
0 2
+
y'
+ 0 - 0
+
y 4
+
0,50
www.VNMATH.com
-
0
- Hm s ng bin trn (-
; 0) v (2; +
+ +
0 m x
3 x
0 ) m x )( 3 x ( 4 ) 3 x ( m 4 x 3 x
2
2 2 3
0,50
Theo bi ra ta c iu kin m > 0 v 1 ) m ( ' y ). m ( ' y 0,25
9
35 3 18
m 0 1 m 36 m 9 1 ) m 6 m 3 )( m 6 m 3 (
2
t
+ + (tha
mn)
0,25
II.1 Gii h phng trnh i s 1,00
Ta thy y = 0 khng phi l nghim ca h 0,25
H phng trnh tng ng vi
'
+
+
+ +
+
1 ) 2 y x (
y
1 x
2 2 y x
y
1 x
2
2
0,25
t 2 y x v ,
y
1 x
u
2
+
+
Ta c h
1 v u
1 uv
2 v u
'
+
0,25
Suy ra
'
+
1 2 y x
1
y
1 x
2
. Gii h trn ta c nghim ca hpt cho l
(1; 2), (-2; 5)
0,25
II.2 Gii phng trnh lng gic 1,00
x
y
-1
2 O
4
2
1
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iu kin:
0
3
x cos
6
x cos
3
x sin
6
x sin
,
_
+
,
_
,
_
+
,
_
Ta c
1 x
6
cot
6
x tan
3
x tan
6
x tan
,
_
,
_
,
_
+
,
_
0,25
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi
8
1
x 3 cos x cos x 3 sin . x sin
3 3
+
1 cos2x cos2x cos4x 1 cos2x cos2x cos4x 1
2 2 2 2 8
+ +
+
0,25
2
1
x 2 cos
8
1
x 2 cos
2
1
) x 4 cos x 2 cos x 2 (cos 2
3
+ 0,25
k
6
x
(loi) k
6
x
,
(k ) Z
. Vy phng trnh c nghim +
k
6
x ,
(k ) Z
0,25
III Tnh tch phn 1,00
t
'
+ +
+
'
+ +
2 / x v
dx
1 x x
1 x 2
du
xdx dv
) 1 x x ln( u
2
2
2
1
1 2 3 2
2
2
0 0
x 1 2x x
I ln(x x 1) dx
2 2 x x 1
+
+ +
+ +
0,25
+ +
+ +
+
+
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
1 x x
dx
4
3
dx
1 x x
1 x 2
4
1
dx ) 1 x 2 (
2
1
3 ln
2
1
( )
1 1
1
0
2
1
0
2
I
4
3
3 ln
4
3
I
4
3
) 1 x x ln(
4
1
x x
2
1
3 ln
2
1
+ + +
0,25
* Tnh I
1
:
,
_
+
,
_
1
0
2
2
1
2
3
2
1
x
dx
I
. t
,
_
+
2
,
2
t , t tan
2
3
2
1
x
Suy ra
9
3
t
3
3 2
t tan 1
dt ) t tan 1 (
3
3 2
I
3 /
6 /
3 /
6 /
2
2
1
+
+
0,25
Vy
12
3
3 ln
4
3
I
0,25
IV Tnh th tch khi lng tr 1,00
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Gi M l trung im ca BC, gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca
M ln AA, Khi (P) (BCH). Do gc
A'AM
nhn nn H nm
gia AA. Thit din ca lng tr ct bi (P) l tam gic BCH.
0,25
Do tam gic ABC u cnh a nn
3
3 a
AM
3
2
AO ,
2
3 a
AM
Theo bi ra
4
3 a
HM
8
3 a
BC . HM
2
1
8
3 a
S
2 2
BCH
0,25
4
a 3
16
a 3
4
a 3
HM AM AH
2 2
2 2
Do hai tam gic AAO v MAH ng dng nn
AH
HM
AO
O ' A
suy ra
3
a
a 3
4
4
3 a
3
3 a
AH
HM . AO
O ' A
0,25
Th tch khi lng tr:
12
3 a
a
2
3 a
3
a
2
1
BC . AM . O ' A
2
1
S . O ' A V
3
ABC
0,25
V Tm gi tr ln nht ... 1,00
Ta c a
2
+b
2
2ab, b
2
+ 1 2b
1 b ab
1
2
1
2 1 b b a
1
3 b 2 a
1
2 2 2 2 2
+ +
+ + + +
+ +
Tng t
1 a ca
1
2
1
3 a 2 c
1
,
1 c bc
1
2
1
3 c 2 b
1
2 2 2 2
+ +
+ + + +
+ +
0,50
2
1
b ab 1
b
ab 1 b
ab
1 b ab
1
2
1
1 a ca
1
1 c bc
1
1 b ab
1
2
1
P
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +
,
_
,
_
0,25
2
1
P khi a = b = c = 1. Vy P t gi tr ln nht bng
2
1
khi a =
b = c = 1.
0,25
VIa.1
Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua giao im ca(E) v
(P)
1,00
Honh giao im ca (E) v (P) l nghim ca phng trnh
0 9 x 37 x 36 x 9 1 ) x 2 x (
9
x
2 3 4 2 2
2
+ + (*)
0,25
Xt 9 x 37 x 36 x 9 ) x ( f
2 3 4
+ , f(x) lin tc trn R c f(-1)f(0) < 0,
f(0)f(1) < 0, f(1)f(2) < 0, f(2)f(3) < 0 suy ra (*) c 4 nghim phn
0,25
A
B
C
C
B
A
H
O
M
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bit, do (E) ct (P) ti 4 im phn bit
To cc giao im ca (E) v (P) tha mn h
'
+
1 y
9
x
x 2 x y
2
2
2
0,25
0 9 y 8 x 16 y 9 x 9
9 y 9 x
y 8 x 16 x 8
2 2
2 2
2
+
'
(**)
(**) l phng trnh ca ng trn c tm
,
_
9
4
;
9
8
I
, bn knh R
=
9
161
Do 4 giao im ca (E) v (P) cng nm trn ng
trn c phng trnh (**)
0,25
VIa.2 Vit phng trnh mt phng ().... 1,00
Do () // () nn () c phng trnh 2x + 2y z + D = 0 (D
17)
Mt cu (S) c tm I(1; -2; 3), bn knh R = 5
ng trn c chu vi 6 nn c bn knh r = 3.
0,25
Khong cch t I ti () l h =
4 3 5 r R
2 2 2 2
0,25
Do
+
+ +
+ +
(loi) 17 D
7 D
12 D 5 4
) 1 ( 2 2
D 3 ) 2 ( 2 1 . 2
2 2 2
0,25
Vy () c phng trnh 2x + 2y z - 7 = 0 0,25
VII.a Tm h s ca x
2
... 1,00
Ta c ( )
+ + + + +
2
0
n n
n
2 2
n
1
n
0
n
2
0
n
dx x C x C x C C dx ) x 1 ( I
2
0
1 n n
n
3 2
n
2 1
n
0
n
x C
1 n
1
x C
3
1
x C
2
1
x C
,
_
+
+ + + +
+
suy ra I
n
n
1 n
2
n
3
1
n
2
0
n
C
1 n
2
C
3
2
C
2
2
C 2
+
+ + + +
+
(1)
0,25
Mt khc
1 n
1 3
) x 1 (
1 n
1
I
1 n
2
0
1 n
+
+
+
+
+
(2)
T (1) v (2) ta c
n
n
1 n
2
n
3
1
n
2
0
n
C
1 n
2
C
3
2
C
2
2
C 2
+
+ + + +
+
1 n
1 3
1 n
+
+
Theo bi ra th 7 n 6561 3
1 n
6560
1 n
1 3
1 n
1 n
+
+
+
0,25
Ta c khai trin ( )
,
_
,
_
+
7
0
4
k 3 14
k
7
k
k
7
0
4
k 7
k
7
7
4
x C
2
1
x 2
1
x C
x 2
1
x 0,25
S hng cha x
2
ng vi k tha mn 2 k 2
4
k 3 14
Vy h s cn tm l
4
21
C
2
1
2
7
2
0,25
VIb.1 Vit phng trnh ng trn .... 1,00
Do B d
1
nn B = (m; - m 5), C d
2
nn C = (7 2n; n)
0,25
www.VNMATH.com
Do G l trng tm tam gic ABC nn
'
+
+ +
0 . 3 n 5 m 3
2 . 3 n 2 7 m 2
'
'
1 n
1 m
2 n m
3 n 2 m
Suy ra B = (-1; -4), C= (5; 1)
0,25
Gi s ng trn (C) ngoi tip tam gic ABC c phng trnh
0 c by 2 ax 2 y x
2 2
+ + + + . Do A, B, C (C) nn ta c h
'
'
+ + + +
+ +
+ + + +
27 / 338 c
18 / 17 b
54 / 83 a
0 c b 2 a 10 1 25
0 c b 8 a 2 16 1
0 c b 6 a 4 9 4
0,25
Vy (C) c phng trnh 0
27
338
y
9
17
x
27
83
y x
2 2
+ + 0,25
VIb.2 Tm gi tr nh nht ... 1,00
Gi G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC, suy ra G =
,
_
3 ;
3
8
;
3
7
Ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
GC MG GB MG GA MG MC MB MA F + + + + + + +
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
GC GB GA MG 3 ) GC GB GA ( MG 2 GC GB GA MG 3 + + + + + + + + +
0,25
F nh nht MG
2
nh nht M l hnh chiu ca G ln (P) 0,25
3 3
19
1 1 1
3 3 3 / 8 3 / 7
)) P ( , G ( d MG
+ +
0,25
3
64
9
104
9
32
9
56
GC GB GA
2 2 2
+ + + +
Vy F nh nht bng
9
553
3
64
3 3
19
. 3
2
+
,
_
'
+
+ +
'
+
+ +
+
+
+
1 y x e
1 y x e
1 y x e
) 1 x ( 2 e e
y x
y x
y x
y x y x
t u = x + y , v = x - y ta c h
'
'
+
+
) 2 ( u v e e
) 1 ( 1 u e
1 v e
1 u e
v u
v
u
v
0,25
- Nu u > v th (2) c v tri dng, v phi m nn (2) v
nghim
- Tng t nu u < v th (2) v nghim, nn (2)
v u
0,25
Th vo (1) ta c e
u
= u+1 (3) . Xt f(u) = e
u
- u- 1 , f'(u) = e
u
- 1
Bng bin thin:
u -
0
+
f'(u) - 0 +
f(u)
0
Theo bng bin thin ta c f(u) = 0 0 u .
0,25
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Do (3) c 1 nghim u = 0
'
'
+
0 y
0 x
0 y x
0 y x
0 v
Vy h phng trnh cho c mt nghim (0; 0)
0,25
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 7
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH ( 7 im )
Cu I ( 2,0im) Cho hm s y = x
3
(m + 1)x + 5 m
2
.
1) Kho st hm s khi m = 2;
2) Tm m th hm s c im cc i v im cc tiu, ng thi cc im cc i, cc tiu v im
I(0 ; 4) thng hng.
Cu II(2.0im) 1, Gii phng trnh: ( )
3
2 7
log 1 x log x + =
.
2, Gii phng trnh
,
_
+
2 4
cos 2 sin
2
cos sin
2
sin 1
2 2
x
x
x
x
x
Cu III (1.0 im) Gii bt phng trnh sau
2 2 2
8 15 4 18 18 2 15 x x x x x x + + +
Cu IV(1.0 im) Tnh tch phn I=
+ +
4
2
3
1 2 1 x x
dx
Cu V(1.0 im) Cho lng tr tam gic ABC.A
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh bng a, gc to bi
cnh bn v mt phng y bng 30
0
. Hnh chiu H ca im A trn mt phng
(A
1
B
1
C
1
) thuc ng thng B
1
C
1
. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng AA
1
v B
1
C
1
theo a.
PHN RING CHO TNG CHNG TRNH ( 3 im )
A/ Phn bi theo chng trnh chun
Cu VI.a: (2.0im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh (x-
1)
2
+ (y+2)
2
= 9
v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy nht mt im
A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai tip im) sao
cho tam gic ABC vung.
2.Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng
d c phng trnh
'
+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
. Lp phng trnh mp (P) i qua A, song song vi d v
khong cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Cu VII.a: (1.0im) Cho ng thc:
n 1 n 2 n 3 2n 1 2n 8
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
C C C ... C C 2 1
+ + + -
+ + + + +
+ + + + + = - .
Tm h s ca s hng cha x
10
trong khai trin
( )
n
3 4
1 x x x - + - .
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B/ Phn bi theo chng trnh nng cao
Cu VI.b: (2 .0 im)
1 Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh (x-
1)
2
+ (y+2)
2
= 9
v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy nht mt im
A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai tip im) sao
cho tam gic ABC vung.
2.Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng
d c phng trnh
'
+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
Lp phng trnh mp(P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong
cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Cu VII.b: (1.0 im) Gii bt phng trnh:
3 2
4
) 3 2 ( ) 3 2 (
1 2 1 2
2 2
+ +
+ x x x x
p n
Cu Hng dn gii chi tit i
m
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH 7.0
0
Cu I 2
1
Cho hm s y = x
3
(m + 1)x + 5 m
2
.
Kho st hm s khi m = 2;
1
Khi m = 2, hm s tr thnh: y = x
3
3x + 1
1* TX: D = R
2* S bin thin ca hm s:
* Gii hn ti v cc:
( ) lim
x
f x
:
( ) +
+
x f
x
lim
0.
25
* Bng bin thin: C y = 3x
2
3 ,
' 0 1 y x t
x - -1 1 +
y + 0 - 0 +
y 3 +
- - 1
Hm s ng bin trn mi khong ( ) 1 ; v ( ) + ; 1 ,
Hm s nghch bin trn mi khong ( ) 1;1
Hm s t t cc i ti
1; 3
CD
x y
, cc tiu ti
1; 1
CT
x y
,
0.
5
3* th:
* im un:
'' 6 y x
, cc im un l: ( ) 0;1 U
* Giao im vi trc Oy ti : ( ) 0;1 U
0.
25
www.VNMATH.com
* th:
2
Tm m th hm s c im cc i v im cc tiu, ng thi cc im cc i, cc
tiu v im I(0 ; 4) thng hng. 1
C y = 3x
2
(m + 1). Hm s c C, CT y = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit
3(m + 1) > 0 m > 1 (*)
0.
5
Phng trnh ng thng i qua hai im cc i, cc tiu ca th
hm s l
2
2
( 1) 5
3
y m x m + +
Cc im cc i, cc tiu v im I(0 ; 4) thng hng.
2
5 4
1
m
m
t
KL : m = 1
0.
5
Cu II
1
Gii phng trnh:
( )
3
2 7
log 1 x log x + =
.
1
1. iu kin: x > 0. t
t
7
t log x x 7 = = . 0.
25
( ) ( )
t t
t t t t
3 3
t
3 3 3 3
2
1 7
pt log 1 7 t 1 7 2 1 7 8 1
8 8
+ = + = + = + =
(*). 0.
25
Chng minh pt (*) c nghim duy nht t = 3. 0.
25
Vy phng trnh c nghim x = 343. 0.
25
2
Gii phng trnh
,
_
+
2 4
cos 2 sin
2
cos sin
2
sin 1
2 2
x
x
x
x
x
1
) 1 (
2 4
cos 2 sin
2
cos sin
2
sin 1
2 2
,
_
+
x
x
x
x
x
( ) x sin 1 x
2
cos 1 x sin
2
x
cos x sin
2
x
sin 1 1
2
+
,
_
+ +
0.
25
0 1
2
x
cos
2
x
sin 2 .
2
x
cos
2
x
sin x sin 0 1 x sin
2
x
cos
2
x
sin x sin
,
_
,
_
0 1
2
x
sin 2
2
x
sin 2 1
2
x
sin x sin
2
,
_
+ +
,
_
0.
5
2
-2
-1
1 2 x
1
3
-1 -2
y
O
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2
sin 0
sin 1
4 2 2
2 2
2sin 2sin 1 0
2 2
x
x k
x k
x
x k
x
x k k
x x
+ +
+ +
0.
25
Cu III
Gii bt phng trnh sau
2 2 2
8 15 4 18 18 2 15 x x x x x x + + +
(1) 1
TX
5, 5, 3 x x x
TH1 x = 3 l nghim ca (1)
0.
25
TH2 5 x th (1)
17
5 5 4 6
3
x x x x + +
Vy BPT (1) c nghim
17
5
3
x
0.
25
TH3 5 x th (1)
17
5 5 6 4
3
x x x x +
Vy BPT (1) c nghim 5 x
Kl : Tp nghim ca bt pt l { }
17
( ; 5) 3 (5; )
3
S
0.
25
0.
25
Cu IV
Tnh tch phn: I=
+ +
4
2
3
1 2 1 x x
dx
1
+I=
+ +
4
2
3
1 2 1 x x
dx
t t= 1 2 + x
1 2
2
+ x t
tdt=dx
+i cn : x=
2
3
t = 2
x=4
t = 3
+Khi I=
3
2
2
1
2
1
t
t
tdt
=
3
2
2
) 1 (
2
t
tdt
0.
5
dt
t
t
+
3
2
2
) 1 (
1 1
=
+
3
2
2
3
2
) 1 (
2
) 1 (
1
2
t
dt
dt
t
=
3
2
3
2 1
2
1 ln 2
t
t
=2ln2+1 +Vy I= 2ln2+1
0.
5
Cu V
Cho lng tr tam gic ABC.A
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh bng a, gc to bi cnh
bn v mt phng y bng 30
0
. Hnh chiu H ca im A trn mt
phng (A
1
B
1
C
1
) thuc ng thng B
1
C
1
. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng
thng AA
1
v B
1
C
1
theo a.
1
Do ) (
1 1 1
C B A AH nn gc
1
AA H l gc gia AA
1
v (A
1
B
1
C
1
), theo gi
thit th gc
1
AA H bng 30
0
. Xt tam gic vung AHA
1
c AA
1
= a, gc
1
AA H =30
0
2
3
1
a
H A .
0.
25
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Do tam gic A
1
B
1
C
1
l tam gic u cnh a, H thuc B
1
C
1
v
2
3
1
a
H A nn
A
1
H vung gc vi B
1
C
1
. Mt khc
1 1
C B AH nn ) (
1 1 1
H AA C B
0.
25
K ng cao HK ca tam gic AA
1
H th HK chnh l khong cch gia AA
1
v B
1
C
1
0.
25
Ta c AA
1
.HK = A
1
H.AH
4
3 .
1
1
a
AA
AH H A
HK
0.
25
PHN RING CHO MI CHNG TRNH
3.
0
Phn li gii bi theo chng trnh Chun
Cu VIa 2
1 Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh
(x-1)
2
+ (y+2)
2
= 9
v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy
nht mt im A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C)
(B, C l hai tip im) sao cho tam gic ABC vung.
1
T pt ct ca ng trn ta c tm I(1;-2), R = 3, t A k c 2 tip tuyn
AB, AC ti ng trn v AC AB => t gic ABIC l hnh vung cnh bng
3
2 3 IA
0.
5
5 1
3 2 1 6
7
2
m m
m
m
0,
5
2
Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng
thng d c phng trnh
'
+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
. Lp phng trnh mt phng (P) i
qua A, song song vi d v khong cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
1
Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d, mt phng (P) i qua A v (P)//d, khi
khong cch gia d v (P) l khong cch t H n (P).
Gi s im I l hnh chiu ca H ln (P), ta c HI AH => HI ln nht khi
I A
Vy (P) cn tm l mt phng i qua A v nhn
AH
lm vc t php
0.
5
A1
11
11
11
11
1
A B
C
C
1
B
1
K
H
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tuyn.
) 3 1 ; ; 2 1 ( t t t H d H + +
v H l hnh chiu ca A trn d nn
) 3 ; 1 ; 2 ( ( 0 . u u AH d AH l vc t ch phng ca d)
) 5 ; 1 ; 7 ( ) 4 ; 1 ; 3 ( AH H Vy (P): 7(x 10) + (y 2) 5(z + 1) = 0
7x + y -5z -77 = 0
0.
5
CuVII.a
Cho ng thc:
n 1 n 2 n 3 2n 1 2n 8
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
C C C ... C C 2 1
+ + + -
+ + + + +
+ + + + + = - .
Tm h s ca s hng cha x
10
trong khai trin
( )
n
3 4
1 x x x - + - .
1
n 1 n 2 n 3 2n 1 2n
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
S C C C ... C C
+ + + -
+ + + + +
= + + + + + , ta c:
( )
2n 1 0 1 2 n 1 n n 1 n 2 2n 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
(1 1) C C C ... C C C C ... C C
+ - + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ = + + + + + + + + + +
( ) ( )
2n 1 0 2n 1 2n 2n 1 n 2 n 1 n 1 n 2 2n 1 2n
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
2 C C C C ... C C C C ... C C
+ + - + + + + -
+ + + + + + + + + +
= + + + + + + + + + + +
2n 1 2n 2n 8
2 2 2S 2 1 S 2 2 n 4
+
= + = + = = .
0.
5
( ) ( ) ( )
n 4 4
4
3 4 3 3
1 x x x (1 x) x (1 x) 1 x 1 x
- + - = - + - = - +
( ) ( )
0 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 0 1 3 2 6 3 9 4 12
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
C C x C x C x C x C C x C x C x C x = - + - + + + + +
.
Ta c h s ca x
10
l:
1 3 4 2
4 4 4 4
C .C C .C 10 - + =- .
0.
5
Phn li gii bi theo chng trnh Nng cao
Cu VI.b Ging chng trnh chun
CuVII.
b
Gii bt phng trnh:
3 2
4
) 3 2 ( ) 3 2 (
1 2 1 2
2 2
+ +
+ x x x x
1
Bpt
( ) ( ) 4 3 2 3 2
2 2
2 2
+ +
x x x x
t
( ) ) 0 ( 3 2
2
2
> +
t t
x x
, ta c: 4
1
+
t
t
0 1 4
2
+ t t 3 2 3 2 + t (tm)
0.
5
Khi :
( ) 3 2 3 2 3 2
2
2
+ +
x x
1 2 1
2
x x
2 1 2 1 0 1 2
2
+ x x x
KL:
0.
5
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THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 8
PHN CHUNG CHO T T CA CAC THI SINH (7,0 im)
Cu I (2 im)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca ha m s
2 1
1
x
y
x
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit khong cch t im I(1;2) n tip tuyn bng 2 .
Cu II (2 im)
1) Giai phng trnh
2
17
sin(2 ) 16 2 3.sin cos 20sin ( )
2 2 12
x
x x x
+ + + +
2) Giai h phng trnh :
4 3 2 2
3 2
1
1
x x y x y
x y x xy
+
'
+
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Cu III (1 im): Ti nh tch phn: I =
4
0
tan .ln(cos )
cos
x x
dx
x
Cu IV (1 im):
Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung ti A vi AB = a, cc mt bn l cc tam gic cn ti
nh S. Hai mt phng (SAB) v (SAC) cng to vi mt phng y gc 60
0
. Tnh csin ca gc gia hai mt
phng (SAB) v (SBC) .
Cu V: (1 im) Cho a,b,c la cac s dng thoa ma n a + b + c = 1. Chng minh rng:
3
a b b c c a
ab c bc a ca b
+ + +
+ +
+ + +
PHN RING (3 im) Thi sinh chi c lam m t trong hai phn (phn A ho c B)
A. Theo chng trinh Chu n
Cu VI.a (1 im)
Trong mt ph ng toa Oxy cho im A(1;1) v ng thng : 2x + 3y + 4 = 0.
Tim ta im B thuc ng thng sao cho ng thng AB v hp vi nhau gc 45
0
.
Cu VII.a (1 im): Trong khng gian vi h toa Oxyz, cho im M(1;-1;1)
va hai ng thng
1
( ) :
1 2 3
x y z
d
+
v
1 4
( ') :
1 2 5
x y z
d
Ch ng minh: im M, (d), (d) cung n m trn mt mt ph ng. Vi t phng tri nh mt ph ng o.
Cu VIII.a (1 im)
Gii phng trinh:
2 2
2
(24 1) (24 1) (24 1)
log log
+ + +
+
x x x x x
log x x x
Theo chng trinh Nng cao
Cu VI.b (1 im)
Trong mt ph ng toa Oxy cho ng tro n
2 2
( ) : 1 C x y + , ng th ng
( ) : 0 d x y m + +
. Tim
m
( ) C
ct
( ) d
tai A va B sao cho din tich tam giac ABO ln nht.
Cu VII.b (1 im)
Trong khng gian vi h toa Oxyz, cho ba mt phng:
(P): 2x y + z + 1 = 0, (Q): x y + 2z + 3 = 0, (R): x + 2y 3z + 1 = 0
v ng thng
1
:
2
2
x
=
1
1 + y
=
3
z
. Gi
2
l giao tuyn ca (P) v (Q).
Vit phng trnh ng thng (d) vung gc vi (R) v ct c hai ng thng
1
,
2
.
Cu VIII.b (1 im) Gii bt phng trnh: log
x
( log
3
( 9
x
72 )) 1
----------H t----------
P N V THANG IM
Cu - Ni dung im
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1.1
*Tp xc nh : { } \ 1 D
*Tnh
2
1
' 0
( 1)
y x D
x
<
+
1 x
Limy
2
x
Limy
+
2
x
Limy
+
gii c nghim
0
0 x
v
0
2 x
*Cc tip tuyn cn tm :
1 0 x y +
v
5 0 x y +
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
2.1 *Bin i phng trnh cho tng ng vi
os2 3sin 2 10 os( ) 6 0
6
c x x c x
+ + +
os(2 ) 5 os( ) 3 0
3 6
c x c x
+ + + +
2
2 os ( ) 5 os( ) 2 0
6 6
c x c x
+ + + +
Gii c
1
os( )
6 2
c x
+ v os( ) 2
6
c x
+ (loi)
*Gii
1
os( )
6 2
c x
+ c nghim 2
2
x k
+ v
5
2
6
x k
+
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
2.2
*Bin i h tng ng vi
2 2 3
3 2
( ) 1
( ) 1
x xy x y
x y x xy
'
*t n ph
2
3
x xy u
x y v
'
, ta c h
2
1
1
u v
v u
'
*Kt qu
2
2 1 ln 2
2
I
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
4 *V hnh
*Gi H l trung im BC , chng minh
( ) SH ABC
*Xc nh ng gc gia hai mt phng (SAB) , (SAC) vi mt y l
0
60 SEH SFH
*K HK SB , lp lun suy ra gc gia hai mt phng (SAB) v (SBC)
bng HKA .
*Lp lun v tnh c AC=AB=a ,
2
2
a
HA ,
0
3
tan 60
2
a
SH HF
*Tam gic SHK vung ti H c
2 2 2
1 1 1 3
10
KH a
HK HS HB
+
*Tam gic AHK vung ti H c
2
20
2
tan
3 3
10
a
AH
AKH
KH
a
3
cos
23
AKH
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
5
*Bin i
1 1
1 (1 )(1 )
a b c c
ab c ab b a a b
+
+ +
*T
1 1 1
(1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 )
c b a
VT
a b c a c b
+ +
Do a,b,c dng v a+b+c=1 nn a,b,c thuc khong (0;1) => 1-a,1-b,1-c
dng
*p dng bt ng thc Csi cho ba s dng ta c
3
1 1 1
3. . .
(1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 )
c b a
VT
a b c a c b
=3 (pcm)
ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi
1
3
a b c
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
6.a
* c phng trnh tham s
1 3
2 2
x t
y t
'
+
v c vtcp ( 3; 2) u
ur
*A thuc
(1 3 ; 2 2 ) A t t +
0.25
0.25
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*Ta c (AB; )=45
0
1
os( ; )
2
c AB u
uuuur ur
.
1
2 .
ABu
AB u
uuuur ur
ur
2
15 3
169 156 45 0
13 13
t t t t
*Cc im cn tm l
1 2
32 4 22 32
( ; ), ( ; )
13 13 13 13
A A
0.25
0.25
7.a
*(d) i qua
1
(0; 1; 0) M
v c vtcp
1
(1; 2; 3) u
uur
(d) i qua
2
(0;1; 4) M
v c vtcp
2
(1; 2;5) u
uur
*Ta c
1 2
; ( 4; 8; 4) u u O
1
]
uur uur ur
,
1 2
(0; 2; 4) M M
uuuuuuur
Xt
1 2 1 2
; . 16 14 0 u u M M
1
+
]
uur uur uuuuuuur
(d) v (d) ng phng .
*Gi (P) l mt phng cha (d) v (d) => (P) c vtpt (1; 2; 1) n
ur
v i
qua M
1
nn c phng trnh
2 2 0 x y z + +
*D thy im M(1;-1;1) thuc mf(P) , t ta c pcm
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
8.a *iu kin :x>0
*TH1 : xt x=1 l nghim
*TH2 : xt 1 x , bin i phng trnh tng ng vi
1 2 1
1 2log (24 1) 2 log (24 1) log (24 1)
x x x
x x x
+
+ + + + +
t
log ( 1)
x
x t +
, ta c phng trnh
1 2 1
1 2 2 t t t
+
+ +
gii c t=1 v t=-2/3
*Vi t=1
log ( 1) 1
x
x +
phng trnh ny v nghim
*Vi t=-2/3
2
log ( 1)
3
x
x +
2 3
.(24 1) 1 x x + (*)
Nhn thy
1
8
x l nghim ca (*)
Nu
1
8
x > th VT(*)>1
Nu
1
8
x < th VT(*)<1 , vy (*) c nghim duy nht
1
8
x
*Kt lun : Cc nghim ca phng trnh cho l x=1 v
1
8
x
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
6.b *(C) c tm O(0;0) , bn knh R=1
*(d) ct (C) ti hai im phn bit
( ; ) 1 dO d <
*Ta c
1 1 1
. .sin .sin
2 2 2
OAB
S OAOB AOB AOB
T din tch tam gic AOB ln nht khi v ch khi
0
90 AOB
1
( ; )
2
d I d
1 m t
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
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7.b
*
1
+
'
*
2
+
'
*Gi s
1 2
; d A d B
(2 2 ; 1 ;3 ) B(2+s;5+3s;s) A t t t +
* ( 2 ;3 6; 3 ) AB s t s t s t + +
uuuur
, mf(R) c vtpt (1; 2; 3) n
ur
* ( ) & d R AB n
uuuur ur
cng phng
2 3 6 3
1 2 3
s t s t s t + +
23
24
t
*d i qua
1 1 23
( ; ; )
12 12 8
A v c vtcp (1; 2; 3) n
ur
=> d c phng trnh
23 1 1
8 12 12
1 2 3
z x y
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
8.b
*iu kin :
3
0
log (9 72) 0
9 72 0
x
x
x >
>
'
>
gii c
9
log 73 x >
V
9
log 73 x >
>1 nn bpt cho tng ng vi
3
log (9 72)
x
x
9 72 3
x x
3 8
3 9
x
x
'
2 x
*Kt lun tp nghim :
9
(log 72; 2] T
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
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THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 9
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PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH(7,0 im)
Cu I ( 2,0 im): Cho hm s
2 4
1
x
y
x
+
.
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s.
2. Tm trn th (C) hai im i xng nhau qua ng thng MN bit M(-3; 0) v N(-1; -1).
Cu II (2,0 im):
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2
1 3 2
1 3
x x
x x
+ +
+ +
2. Gii phng trnh:
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + + + +
Cu III (1,0 im): Tnh tch phn:
2
1
ln
ln
1 ln
e
x
I x dx
x x
_
+
+
,
Cu IV (1,0 im):Cho hai hnh chp S.ABCD v S.ABCD c chung y l hnh vung ABCD cnh a. Hai
nh S v S nm v cng mt pha i vi mt phng (ABCD), c hnh chiu vung gc ln y ln lt l
trung im H ca AD v trung im K ca BC. Tnh th tch phn chung ca hai hnh chp, bit rng SH = SK
=h.
Cu V(1,0 im): Cho x, y, z l nhng s dng tho mn xyz = 1. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
9 9 9 9 9 9
6 3 3 6 6 3 3 6 6 3 3 6
x y y z z x
P
x x y y y y z z z z x x
+ + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
PHN RING(3,0 im)
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn(phn A hoc phn B)
A. Theo chng trnh chun.
Cu VI.a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh:
2 2
4 3 4 0 x y x + + .
Tia Oy ct (C) ti A. Lp phng trnh ng trn (C), bn knh R = 2 v tip xc ngoi vi (C) ti A.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho hai im A(1;2; -1), B(7; -2; 3) v ng thng d c phng trnh
2 3
2 (t R)
4 2
x t
y t
z t
+
'
.
-------------------------------- Ht ------------------------
H v tn th sinh: ..S bo danh: ...
P N
Cu Ni dung i
m
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH(7,0 im)
CuI 2.0
1. TX: D = R\{-1}
Chiu bin thin:
2
6
' 0 x D
( 1)
y
x
>
+
=> hs ng bin trn mi khong
( ; 1)
v
( 1; ) +
, hs khng c cc tr
0.25
Gii hn:
1 1
lim 2, lim , lim
x x x
y y y
+
t
+
=> th hs c tim cn ng x= -1, tim cn ngang y = 2
BBT
x -
-1 +
y + +
y
+
2
2 -
0,25
0.25
+ th (C):
th ct trc honh ti im ( ) 2; 0
, trc tung ti im (0;-4)
f ( x ) = ( 2 x - 4 ) /( x + 1 )
f ( x ) = 2
x ( t ) = - 1 , y ( t ) = t
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
x
y
th nhn giao im 2 ng tim cn lm tm i xng
0.25
2. Gi 2 im cn tm l A, B c
6 6
; 2 ; ; 2 ; , 1
1 1
A a B b a b
a b
_ _
+ +
, ,
0.25
Trung im I ca AB: I
2 2
;
2 1 1
a b a b
a b
+ _
+
+ +
,
Pt ng thng MN: x + 2y +3= 0
0.25
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C :
. 0 AB MN
I MN
'
uuur uuuur
0.25
=>
0 (0; 4)
2 (2; 0)
a A
b B
>
' '
0,25
CuII 2.0
1. TX: x [ ]
1;3
0,25
t t= 1 3 , t > 0 x x + + =>
2
2
4
3 2
2
t
x x
+
0,25
c pt: t
3
- 2t - 4 = 0 t=2
0,25
Vi t = 2
1
1 3 =2 ( / )
3
x
x x t m
x
+ +
0,25
2.
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + + + +
1,0
TX: D =R
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + + + +
[ ]
sin 0
(sin ). 2 2(sin ) sin . 0
2 2(sin ) sin . 0
x cosx
x cosx x cosx x cosx
x cosx x cosx
+ + +
+ + +
0,25
+ Vi sin 0 ( )
4
x cosx x k k Z
+
0,25
+ Vi
2 2(sin ) sin . 0 x cosx x cosx + + +
, t t =
sin (t 2; 2 ) x cosx
1
+
]
c pt : t
2
+ 4t +3 = 0
1
3( )
t
t loai
0.25
t = -1
2
( )
2
2
x m
m Z
x m
Vy :
( )
4
2 ( )
2
2
x k k Z
x m m Z
x m
0,25
Cu III
2
1
ln
ln
1 ln
e
x
I x dx
x x
_
+
+
,
1,0
I
1
=
1
ln
1 ln
e
x
dx
x x +
, t t = 1 ln x + , Tnh c I
1
=
4 2 2
3 3
0,5
( )
2
2
1
ln
e
I x dx
+ +
(Bin i tng ng)
2 2
2 2
1
( ) ( )
3
a ab b
a b a b
a ab b
+
> + +
+ +
0.25
Tng t:
3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2
1 1
( ); ( )
3 3
b c c a
b c c a
b bc c c ca a
+ +
+ +
+ + + +
=>
3
2
( ) 2. 2
3
P a b c abc + + (BT Csi) 0.25
=> P
2, 2 khi a = b = c = 1 x = y = z = 1 P
Vy: minP = 2 khi x = y =z =1
0.25
II. PHN RING(3,0 im)
A. Chng trnh chun
CuVI.
a
2.0
1. A(0;2), I(-2 3 ;0), R= 4, gi (C) c tm I
0,25
Pt ng thng IA :
2 3
2 2
x t
y t
'
+
'
+ +
0,25
(0;0); (0;1) ; (0;-1). Vy: z = 0, z = i, z = - i 0,5
B. Chng trnh nng cao
Cu
VI.b
2.0
1.
(7;3) BD AB B
, pt g thng BC: 2x + y 17 = 0
(2 1; ), ( ;17 2 ), 3, 7 A AB A a a C BC C c c a c +
,
I =
2 1 2 17
;
2 2
a c a c + + + _
,
l trung im ca AC, BD.
0,25
I
3 18 0 3 18 (6 35;3 18) BD c a a c A c c 0,25
M, A, C thng hng , MA MC
uuur uuuur
cng phng => c
2
13c +42 =0
7( )
6
c loai
c
0,25
c = 6 =>A(1;0), C(6;5) , D(0;2), B(7;3) 0.25
2.
Chng minh h c nghim duy nht, ( )
( ' ) = A
1 3
; 0;
2 2
_
,
0.5
(0; 1; 0) ( ) M
, Ly N
( ')
, sao cho: AM = AN => N
AMN cn ti A, ly I l trung im MN => ng phn gic ca cc gc to bi ( ) v (
' ) chnh l g thng AI
0.25
p s:
1 2
1 3 1 3
2 2 2 2
( ) : ; ( ) :
1 1 2 2 3 5 1 1 2 2 3 5
14 30 14 30 14 30 14 30 14 30 14 30
x z x z
y y
d d
+ +
+ + +
0,25
Cu
VII.b
TX:
0
0
x
y
>
'
>
0.25
2 2 2
3 3 3
log 3 log log 3 . 2 .
log 12 log log
12 . 3 .
x y
x y
x y y x y x
x x y y
x y
+ +
' '
+ +
0.25
2
3 . 2 .
x y
y x
y x
'
0.25
www.VNMATH.com
4
3
4
3
log 2
2log 2
x
y
'
(t/m TX)
0,25