De Cuong On Thi TN (Co Giai)

CHNG 1.
ESTE CHT BO
A. BI TP
1.1. X phng ho hn hp gm CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5 thu c sn phm gm :
A. Hai mui v hai ancol B. Hai mui v mt ancol
C. Mt mui v hai ancol D. Mt mui v mt ancol
1.2. Cho 8,6g este X bay hi thu c 4,48 lt hi X 273
0
C v 1 atm. Mt khc cho 8,6g X tc dng va
vi dung dch NaOH th thu c 8,2g mui. Cng thc cu to ng ca X l
A. H-COOCH2-CH=CH2 B. CH3-COOCH2-CH3
C. H-COOCH2-CH2-CH3 D. CH3-COOCH=CH2
1.3 Hn hp X gm 2 este n chc A v B hn km nhau mt nhm -CH2- Cho 6,6g hn hp X tc dng
va vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M thu c 7,4g hn hp 2 mui. Cng thc cu to chnh xc ca A v
B l
A. CH3-COOC2H5 v H-COOC2H5
B. CH3-COO-CH=CH2 v H-COO-CH=CH2
C. CH3-COOC2H5 v CH3-COOCH3
D. H-COOCH3 v CH3-COOCH3
1.4. t chy hon ton mt lng este no n chc th th tch kh CO2 sinh ra lun bng th tch kh O2 cn
cho phn ng cng iu kin nhit v p sut . Tn gi ca este em t l
A. etyl axetat B. metyl fomiat C. metyl axetat D. propyl fomiat
1.5. Cho 6g mt este ca axit cacboxylic no n chc v ancol no n chc phn ng ht vi 100ml dung
dch NaOH 1M. Tn gi ca este l
A. etyl axetat B. metyl fomiat C. metyl axetat D. propyl fomiat
1.6. X phng ho 22,2g hn hp hai este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 dung va ht 200ml dung dch
NaOH. Nng mol ca dung dch NaOH l
A. 0,5M B. 1,0M C. 1,5M D. 2,0M
1.7. t chy hon ton 0,1mol este hai chc to bi ancol no v axit n chc cha no c mt ni i ta thu
c 17,92 lt kh CO2(ktc) th este c to ra t ancol v axit no sau y?
A. etylen glicol v axit acrylic
B. propylenglycol v axit butenoic
C. etylen glicol, axit acrylic v axit butenoic
D. butandiol v axit acrylic
1.8. Cho 4,4g este n chc no E tc dng ht vi dung dch NaOH ta thu c 4,8g mui natri. Cng thc
cu to ca E c th l
A. CH3COOCH3 B. C2H5COOCH3
C. CH3COOC2H5 D. HCOOC2H5
1.9. X phng ho a gam hn hp hai este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 cn 300ml dung dch NaOH nng
1M. Gi tr ca a l
A. 14,8g B. 18,5g C. 22,2g D. 29,6g
1.10. un nng 18g axit axetic vi 9,2g ancol etylic c mt H2SO4 c c xc tc. Sau phn ng thu c
12,32g este. Hiu sut ca phn ng l
A. 35,42 % B. 46,67% C. 70,00% D. 92,35%
1.11. t chy hon ton 0,11g este th thu c 0,22g CO2 v 0,09g H2O. S ng phn ca cht ny l
A. 3 B. 4 C, 5 D. 6
1.12. t chy hon ton 5,6 lt (ktc) hn hp hi hai este no, mch h, n chc l ng ng lin tip thu
c 19,72 lt kh CO2 (ktc). X phng ho hon ton cng lng este trn bng dung dch NaOH to ra 17g
mt mui duy nht. Cng thc ca hai este l
A. HCOOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7 B. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5
C. HCOOC3H7 v HCOOC4H9 D. CH3COOC2H5 v CH3COOC2H5
1.13. Hp cht thm A c cng thc phn t C8H8O2. Khi phn ng vi dung dch NaOH thu c hai mui.
S ng phn cu to ca A ph hp vi gi thit trn l
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
1.14. Cho 0,1mol este A tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH thu c hn hp hai mui ca
hai axit hu c u n chc v 6,2g mt ancol B. Vy cng thc ca B l
A. C2H4(OH)2 B. CH2(CH2OH)2
C. CH3-CH2-CH2OH D. CH3-CH2-CHOH-CH2OH
1.15. Chia m (gam) mt este X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn mt b t chy hon ton thu c 4,48 l kh
CO2 (ktc) v 3,6g H2O. Phn hai tc dng va vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Gi tr ca m l
1
A. 2,2g B. 6,4g C. 4,4g D. 8,8g
1.16. S ng phn l este c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc (trng bc) ng vi cng thc phn t
C4H8O2 l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
1.17. t chy hon ton 1 g mt este X n chc, mch h, c mt ni i C=C thu c 1,12 lt kh CO2
(ktc) v 0,72g H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H8O2 B. C5H10O2 C. C4H6O2 D. C5H8O2
1.18. Cho 10,4g hn hp X gm axit axetic v este etyl axetat tc dng va vi 150g dung dch natri
hiroxit 4%. Phn trm khi lng ca etyl axetat trong hn hp bng
A. 33,3% B. 42,3% C. 57,6% D. 39,4%
1.19. Lm bay hi 10,2 g mt este A p sut p1 thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 6,4 g kh O2
cng nhit , p sut p2 (bit p2=2p1). Cng thc phn t ca A l
1.20. X phng ho ho hon ton 89g cht bo X bng dung dch NaOH thu c 9,2g glixerol. S gam x
phng thu c l
A. 91,8g B. 83,8g C. 79,8g D. 98,2g
1.21. Thu phn hon ton 0,1mol este (RCOO)3R bng dung dch NaOH thu c 28,2g mui v 9,2 gam
ancol. Cng thc phn t ca este l
A. (C2H5COO)3C3H5 B. (C2H3COO)3C3H5
C. (C2H3COO)3C4H7 D. (C3H7COO)3C3H5
1.22. Cho 4,4g cht X (C4H8O2) tc dng vi mt lng dung dch NaOH va c m1 gam ancol v m2
gam mui. Bit s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t ancol v phn t mui bng nhau. Gi tr ca m1, m2 l
A. 2,3g v 4,1g B. 4,1g v 2,4g C. 4,2g v 2,3g D. 4,1g v 2,3g
1.23. Cho 0,15mol hn hp hai este n chc phn ng va vi 0,25mol NaOH v to thnh hn hp hai
mui v mt ancol c khi lng tng ng l 21,8g v 2,3g. Hai mui l
A . CH3COOC6H5 v CH3COOC2H5 B. CH3COOC6H5 v CH3COOCH3
C. HCOOC6H5 v HCOOC2H5 D. HCOOC6H5 v CH3COOCH3
1.24. Este X n chc cha ti a 4 nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Thu phn hon ton X thu c Y, Z
bit rng Y, Z u c phn ng trng bc. Cng thc cu to ca X c th l
A. CH3COOCH=CH2 B. HCOOC2H5
C. HCOOCH=CH2 D. HCOOCH2CH=CH2
1.25. Este X n chc cha ti a 5 nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Thu phn hon ton X thu c Y, Z
bit rng Y, Z u c phn ng trng bc. C bao nhiu ng phn ph hp vi cu to ca X?
A. 2 B. 3 C.4 D.5
1.26. X phng ho este A n chc no ch thu c mt cht hu c B duy nht cha natri. C cn, sau
thm vi ti xt ri nung nhit cao c mt ancol C v mt mui v c. t chy hon ton ancol ny
c CO2 v hi nc theo t l 2:3. Cng thc phn t este l
1.27. Cho este X c cng thc cu to thu gn CH3COOCH=CH2. iu khng nh no sau y l sai:
A. X l este cha no n chc
B. X c iu ch t phn ng gia ancol v axit tng ng
C. X c th lm mt mu nc brom
D. X phng ho cho sn phm l mui v anehit
1.28. iu ch este phenylaxetat ngi ta cho phenol tc dng vi cht no sau y?
A. CH3COOH B. CH3CHO C. CH3COONa D. (CH3CO)2O
1.29. Cho 7,4g este X no, n chc phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 21,6g kt ta. Cng
thc phn t ca este l
A. HCOOCH3 B. CH3COOC2H5
C. HCOOC2H5 D. CH3COOC2H3
1.30. X phng ho 22,2g hn hp hai este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng dung dch NaOH va , cc
mui sinh ra sau khi x phng ho c sy n khan v cn c 21,8g. T l gia nHCOONa : nCH3COONa l
A. 3 : 4 B. 1 : 1 C. 1 : 2 D. 2 : 1
1.31. Thu phn 0,1 mol X bng NaOH va sau ly sn phm tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3-
/NH3 thu c 0,4 mol Ag. Cng thc cu to ca este c th l
A. HCOOC2H5. B. HCOOCH2-CH=CH3.
C. HCOOC2H3. D. HCOOC=CH2.
CH3
2
1.32. C bao nhiu trieste ca glixerol cha ng thi 3 gc axit C17H35COOH, C17H33COOH, C15H31COOH?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5.
1.33. Cho 0,0125 mol este n chc M vi dung dch KOH d thu c 1,4 gam mui. T khi ca M i vi
CO2 bng 2. M c cng thc cu to l
A. C2H5COOCH3 B. CH3COOC2H5
C. HCOOC3H7 D. C2H3COOCH3
1.34. Cht hu c (A) cha C, H, O. Bit rng (A) tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH, c cn c cht rn
(B) v hn hp hi (C), t (C) chng ct c (D), (D) tham gia phn ng trng bc cho sn phm (E), (E) tc
dng vi NaOH li thu c (B). Cng thc cu to ca (A) l
A. HCOOCH2-CH=CH2 B. HCOOCH=CH-CH3
C. HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 D. CH3COOCH=CH2
1.35. un nng 0,1 mol cht hu c X vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH thu c 13,4 gam mui ca
mt axit hu c Y v 9,2 gam mt ancol n chc. Cho ancol bay hi 127
0
C v 600 mmHg thu c th
tch l 8,32 lt. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. C2H5OOC-COOC2H5 B. C2H5OOC-CH2-COOC2H5
C. C5H7COOC2H5 D. (HCOO)3C3H5
1.36. Khi lng este metyl metacrylat thu c l bao nhiu khi un nng 215 gam axit metacrylic vi 96
gam ancol metylic, gi thit hiu sut phn ng este ho t 60%.
A. 180 gam B. 186gam C. 150 gam D. 119 gam
1.37. Nhng hp cht trong dy sau thuc loi este:
A. Xng, du nhn bi trn my, du n. B. Du lc, du da, du c.
C. Du m, hc n, du da. D. M ng vt, du thc vt, mazut.
1.38. Hn hp X gm 2 este ng phn c cng thc n gin l C2H4O. Cho 4,4 gam hn hp X tc dng vi
dung dch NaOH d thu c 3,4 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca 2 este l
A. CH3COOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7-i. B. n-C3H7OCOH v HCOOC3H7-i.
C. CH3COOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7-n. D. C2H5COOC3H7-i v CH3COOC2H5
1.39. Cng thc phn t ca hp cht hu c X l C4H6O2. Cho 4,3 gam X tc dng va vi 100ml dung
dch NaOH 0,5M thu c 4,7 gam mt hp cht hu c Y. Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C3H5O2Na. B. C4H5O2Na. C. C3H3O2Na. D. C2H3O2Na.
1.40. Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2. Cho 5,1 gam hp cht X tc dng va vi 100
ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Sau phn ng thu c mt hp cht hu c Y c khi lng l 7,1 gam. Cng
thc phn t ca Y l
A. C4H7O3Na. B. C2H3O2Na. C. C4H6O4Na2. D. C4H5O4Na2.
1.41. Cht bo l este c to bi :
A. Glixerol vi axit axetic. B. Ancol etylic vi axit bo.
C. Glixerol vi cc axit bo. D. Cc phn t aminoaxit.
1.42. X phng ho hon ton 0,2 mol metyl axetat bng dung dch NaOH d 20% so vi lng phn ng thu
c dung dch A. C cn dung dch A ta c cht rn khan B. Khi lng ca B l
A. 18,4 gam. B. 24,4 gam. C. 18 gam. D. 16,4 gam.
1.43. Mt este X (ch cha C,H,O v mt loi nhm chc) c t khi hi ca X i vi O2 bng 3,125. Cho
20 gam X tc dng vi 0,3 mol NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 23,2 gam b rn. Cng thc
cu to ca X l
A. CH3COOCH=CH-CH3. B. C2H5COOCH=CH2.
C. HCOOCH=CH-CH2-CH3. D. CH2=CH-COO-C2H5.
1.44. tng hiu sut phn ng este ho cn:
A.Tng nng mt trong cc cht ban u.
B. Dng cht xc tc H2SO4 c.
C. Tch bt este ra khi hn hp sn phm.
D. Tt c cc yu t trn.
1.45. Hai este A, B l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t l C9H8O2. A v B u cng hp vi brom
theo t l mol l 1 : 1. A tc dng vi xt cho mt mui v mt anehit. B tc dng vi xt d cho 2 mui v
nc, cc mui c phn t khi ln hn phn t khi ca natri axetat. Cng thc cu to ca A v B c th l
A. HOOC-C6H4-CH=CH2 v CH2=CH-COOC6H5
B. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v C6H5-CH=CH-COOH
C. HCOOC6H4CH=CH2 v HCOOCH=CH-C6H5
D. C6H5COOCH=CH2 v CH2=CH-COOC6H5
3
1.46. t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp 2 este, cho sn phm phn ng chy qua bnh ng P2O5 d,
khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21 gam, sau cho qua tip dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 34,5 gam kt ta.
Cc este trn thuc loi g? (n chc hay a chc, no hay khng no).
A. Este thuc loi no B. Este thuc loi khng no
C. Este thuc loi no, n chc D. Este thuc loi khng no a chc.
1.47. Qu trnh no khng to ra CH3CHO?
A. Cho vinyl axetat vo dung dch NaOH
B. Cho C2H2 vo dung dch HgSO4 un nng
C. Cho ancol etylic qua bt CuO, t
o

D. Cho metyl acrylat vo dung dch NaOH
1.48. Cho cc cht C2H5Cl, CH3COOH, CH3OCH3, C3H5(OH)3, NaOH, CH3COOC2H5. S cc cp cht c th phn
ng c vi nhau l
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
1.49. Este a chc to ra t glixerol v hn hp C2H5COOH v CH3COOH, c s cng thc cu to l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 6
1.50. X l este n chc, tc dng hon ton vi 500ml dung dch KOH 2,4M thu 105 gam cht rn v 54 gam
ancol. Cho ton b ancol trn qua CuO d, un nng, ly sn phm tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu
c 1,8mol Ag. Vy X l
A. CH2=CH-COOCH3 B. CH3COOCH2-CH2-CH3
C. CH2=CH-COO-CH2-CH2-CH3 D. CH3COOCH(CH3)2
1.51: Cht tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d to 2 mui l
A. HCOOC6H5 B. C6H5COOCH=CH2
C. CH3COO-CH2-C6H5 D. COO-C2H5
COO-CH3
1.52: X c cng thc phn t C5H10O2. Cho X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH, khng tc dng vi Na. S
cng thc cu to ph hp ca X l
A. 8 B. 9 C. 5 D. 6
1.53: Cho cc cht: CH3COOC2H5, C6H5NH2, C2H5OH, C6H5CH2OH, C6H5OH, C6H5NH3Cl, s cht tc dng
vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
1.54. Cho 23,6 gam hn hp CH3COOCH3 v C2H5COOCH3 tc dng va ht vi 300ml dung dch NaOH
1M, khi lng mui khan thu c l
A. 24,6g B. 26g C. 35,6g D. 31,8g
1.55. Thu phn lipit trong mi trng kim th thu c ancol no trong cc ancol sau?
A. CH2(OH)-CH2-CH2OH C. CH2(OH)-CH(OH)-CH3
B. CH2(OH)-CH2OH. D. CH2(OH)CH(OH)CH2OH.
1.56. Hn hp X n chc gm 2 este A, B l ng phn vi nhau. Cho 2,15 gam hn hp X bay hi thu c
0,56 lt hi (ktc) este. Mt khc em thu phn hon ton 25,8 gam hn hp X bng 100ml dung dch NaOH
20% (d = 1,2 g/ml) ri em c cn th thu c 36,6 gam cht rn khan. Vy CTCT este l
A.CH2=CH-COO-CH3. B. CH3COOCH=CH2
C. HOOCO-C=CH2 D. HCOOCH=CH-CH3
CH3
1.57. Khi thu phn hon ton 0,05 mol este ca mt axit a chc vi mt ancol n chc, tiu tn ht 5,6 gam
KOH. Mt khc khi thu phn 5,475 gam este th tn ht 4,2 gam KOH v thu c 6,225 gam mui. Vy cng
thc cu to ca este l
A. CH2(COOCH3)2 B. CH2(COOC2H5)2
C. (COOC2H5)2 D. CH(COOCH3)3
1.58. Khi thu phn hon ton 0,05 mol este ca mt axit a chc vi ancol n chc, tiu tn ht 5,6 gam
KOH. Mt khc khi thu phn 5,475 gam este th tn ht 4,2 gam KOH v thu c 6,225 gam mui. Vy
c bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp
A.1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4.
1.59. Este to bi ancol no, n chc v axit n chc khng no c mt lin kt i C=C. C cng thc tng
qut l
A. CnH2n-4 O2 ( n 4) B. CnH2n-2 O2 ( n 3)
4
C. CnH2n-2 O2 ( n 4) D. CnH2nO2 ( n 4)
1.60. Cho cc cht: CH CH, CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2, CH2=CH2, CH3-CH2COOH, C2H5OH, CH3-CHCl2,
CH3COOCH=CH2, CH3COOC2H5, C2H5COOCHCl-CH3. C bao nhiu cht to trc tip ra etanal ch bng mt
phn ng ?
A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9
1.61. Hai este n chc X v Y l ng phn ca nhau. Khi ho hi 1,85 gam X, thu c th tch hi ng
bng th tch ca 0,7 gam N2 (o cng iu kin). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X v Y l
A. HCOOCH2CH2CH3 v CH3COOC2H5
B. C2H5COOCH3 v HCOOCH(CH3)2
C. C2H3COOC2H5 v C2H5COOC2H3
D. HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3
1.62. un nng hn hp hai axit bo R1COOH, R2COOH vi glixerol s thu c bao nhiu este tc dng
c vi Na?
A. 10 B. 8 C. 9 D. 11
1.63. un nng hn hp 3 axit R1COOH, R2COOH, R3COOH vi etaniol th thu c ti a bao nhiu este
khng tc dng c vi Na?
A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 9
1.64. t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp 3 este thu c 8,8g CO2 v 2,7g H2O, bit trong 3 este th oxi chim
25% v khi lng. Khi lng 3 este em t l
A. 2,7g B. 3,6g C. 6,3g D. 7,2g
1.65. Cho glixerol tc dng vi axit axetic c H2SO4 xc tc th tc thu c ti a bao nhiu hp cht c cha
nhm chc este ?
A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
1.66. Este X c cc c im sau:
- t chy hon ton X to thnh CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau
- Thu phn X trong mi trng axit c cht Y (tham gia phn ng trng bc ) v cht Z (c s nguyn t
cacbon bng mt na s nguyn t cacbon trong X).
Pht biu khng ng l
A. Cht X thuc loi este no, n chc
B. Cht Y tan v hn trong nc
C. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c 170
o
C thu c anken
D. t chy hon ton 1 mol X sinh ra sn phm gm 2 mol CO2 v 2 mol H2O
1.67. Cho etaniol tc dng vi axit fomic v axit axetic thu c ti a bao nhiu hp cht c cha nhm
chc este ?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
1.68. Cho phn ng x phng ho sau :
(C17H35COO)3C3H5 + 3NaOH

3C17H35COONa + C3H5(OH)3
Trong cc cht trn cht no c coi l x phng
A. C3H5(OH)3 B. NaOH
C. C17H35COONa D. (C17H35COO)3C3H5
1.69. Ch s axit ca cht bo l
A. S mg KOH cn thu phn 1g cht bo
B. S mg KOH cn trung ho lng axit t do trong 1g cht bo
C. S mg K cn phn ng vi lng axit d trong cht bo
D. S gam NaOH cn thu phn hon ton lng cht bo
1.70. Hiro ho hon ton m(g) triolein (glixerol trioleat) th thu c 89g tristearin (glixerol tristearat). Gi
tr m l
A. 84,8g B. 88,4g C. 48,8g D. 88,9g
1.71. Cho s chuyn ho sau:
C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y X + H2SO4 long Z + T
Bit Y v Z u c phn ng trng bc. Hai cht Y, Z tng ng l
A. HCOONa, CH3CHO. B. HCHO, CH3CHO.
C. HCHO, HCOOH. D. CH3CHO, HCOOH.
1.72. Cho hai hp cht hu c X, Y cha cc nguyn t C, H, O khi lng phn t u bng 74 bit X tc
dng c vi Na, c X v Y u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3. Vy
X, Y c th l
A. C4H9OH v HCOOC2H5 B. CH3COOCH3 v HOC2H4CHO
5
C. OHC-COOH v C2H5COOH D. OHC-COOH v HCOOC2H5
1.73. Cng thc tng qut ca este khng no c mt lin kt i C=C, hai chc, mch h c dng
A. CnH2nO4 (n > 3) B. CnH2n-2O4 (n > 4)
C. CnH2n-2O2 (n > 3) D. CnH2n-4O4 (n > 4)
1.74. X l hn hp 2 este mch h ca cng 1 ancol no, n chc v 2 axit no, n chc ng ng k tip.
t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X cn 6,16 lt O2 (ktc). un nng 0,1 mol X vi 50g dung dch NaOH 20% n
phn ng hon ton, ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng c m gam cht rn. Gi tr m l
A. 7,5 gam B. 37,5 gam C. 13,5 gam D.15,0 gam
1.75. Trong cc loi hp cht c tnh ty ra sau y, loi hp cht no cha thnh phn x phng l ch yu
A. Bt git OMO B. Bnh x phng tm
C. Nc ra chn D. Nc Gia-ven
1.76. Thnh phn chnh ca bt git tng hp l
A. C12H25 C6H4SO3Na B. C17H35COONa
C. C12H25C6H4 SO3H D. (C17H35COO)3C3H5
1.77. Hiro ho cht bo triolein glixerol (H=80%). Sau thu phn hon ton bng NaOH va th thu
c bao nhiu loi x phng?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
1.78. Nhn xt no sau y l sai ?
A. X phng l sn phm ca phn ng x phng ho
B. Khng nn dng x phng git ra trong nc cng
C. Cht ty ra tng hp c th git ra c trong nc cng
D. C th dng x phng git bn v du m bi trn my
1.79. Cn bao nhiu tn cht bo cha 85% tristearin sn xut c 1,5 tn x phng cha 85% natri
stearat (v khi lng). Bit hiu sut thu phn l 85%
A. 1,500 tn B. 1,454 tn C. 1,710 tn D. 2,012 tn
1.80. Du m (cht bo) lu ngy b i thiu l do
A. Cht bo va ra
B. Cht bo b oxi ho chm trong khng kh to thnh anehit c mi
C. Cht bo b thu phn vi nc trong khng kh
D. Cht bo b oxi v nit khng kh chuyn thnh amino axit c mi kh chu.
1.81. Khi t 0,1 mol este X thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v a mol H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. a = 0,3 B. 0,3 < a < 0,4
C. 0,1 a 0,3 D. 0,2 a 0,3
1.82. X phng ha hon ton 1 mol este X thu c 1 mol mui v x (x 2) mol ancol. Vy este X c to
thnh t:
A. Axit n chc v ancol n chc
B. Axit a chc v ancol n chc
C. Axit a chc v ancol a chc
D. A xit n chc v ancol a chc
1.83. Pht biu no sau y khng ng ?
A. M ng vt ch yu cu thnh t cc axit bo, no, tn ti trng thi rn
B. Du thc vt ch yu cha cc axit bo khng no, tn ti trng thi lng
C. Hiro ha du thc vt lng s to thnh cc m ng vt rn
D. Cht bo nh hn nc v khng tan trong nc
1.84. Cho 32,7 gam cht hu c X ch cha mt loi nhm chc tc dng vi 1,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,5 M
thu c 36,9 gam mui v 0,15 mol ancol. Lng NaOH d c th trung ha ht 0,5 lt dung dch HCl 0,6
M. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3COOC2H5 B. (CH3COO)2C2H4
C. (CH3COO)3C3H5 D. C3H5(COOCH3)3
1.85. Trn 13,6 gam phenyl axetat vi 250 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton c
cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,2 B. 10,2 C. 19,8 D. 21,8
1.86. Mun phn bit du nht bi trn my vi du nht thc vt, ngi ta xut 3 cch:
6
1. un nng vi dung dch NaOH, ngui cho sn phm tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 thy chuyn sang
dung dch mu xanh thm l du thc vt.
2. Cht no tan trong dung dch HCl l du nht.
3. Cho v nc cht no nh ni trn b mt l du thc vt.
Phng n ng l
A. 1, 2 v 3 B. Ch c 1 C. 1 v 2 D. 2 v 3
1.87. x phng ha hon 1,51 gam mt cht bo cn dng 45ml dung dch KOH 0,1 M. Ch s x phng
ha cht bo l
A. 151 B. 167 C. 126 D. 252
1.88: Mt loi m cha 40% olein, 20% panmitin v 40% stearin. X phng ha hon ton m kg m trn thu
c 138 gam glixerol. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,209 B. 1,3062 C. 1,326 D. 1,335
1.89. X l este ca mt axit hu c n chc v ancol n chc. thu phn hon ton 7,04 gam cht X
ngi ta dng 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, lng NaOH ny ly d 25% so vi lng NaOH cn dng
cho phn ng. S cng thc cu to tho mn ca X l
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
1.90. Hn hp X gm 2 este n chc mch h l ng phn ca nhau. Cho m gam X tc dng va vi
100ml NaOH 1M thu c mt mui ca axit cacboxylic v hn hp 2 ancol. Mt khc nu t chy hon m
gam X th thu c 8,96 gam CO2 v 7,2 gam. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca 2 este l
A. CH3COOCH2CH2CH3 v CH3COOCH(CH3)2
B. HCOOCH(CH3)2 v HCOOCH2CH2CH3
C. CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3 v CH3COOCH(CH3)CH2CH3
D. CH3COOCH(CH3)C2H5 v CH3COOCH(C2H5)2
1.91. Khng nh no sau y khng ng ?
A. CH3COOCH = CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2 = CHCOOCH3
B. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH thu c anehit v mui
C. CH3COOCH = CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch Br2.
D. CH3COOCH = CH2 c th trng hp to polime.
1.92: Ln lt cho cc cht: Vinyl axetat; 2,2-iclopropan; phenyl axetat v 1,1,1-tricloetan tc dng hon
ton vi dung dch NaOH d. Trng hp no sau y phng trnh ha hc khng vit ng ?
A. CH3COOCH = CH2 + NaOH
CH3COONa + CH3CHO
B. CH3CCl2CH3 + 2NaOH
CH3COCH3 + 2NaCl + H2O

C. CH3COOC6H5 + NaOH
CH3COONa + C6H5OH
D. CH3CCl3 + 4NaOH
CH3COONa + 3NaCl + 2H2O

1.93. Thy phn este X trong mi trng axit thu c hai cht hu c A v B. Oxi ha A to ra sn phm l
cht B. Cht X khng th l
A. Etyl axetat B. Etilenglicol oxalat
C. Vinyl axetat D. Isopropyl propionat
1.94. Hn hp X gm axit HCOOH v axit CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 5,3 gam hn hp X tc dng vi
5,75 gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho
u bng 80%). Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,10 B. 16,20 C. 6,48 D. 10,12
1.95. Thu phn hon ton 444 gam mt lipit thu c 46 gam glixerol v hai loi axit bo. Hai loi axit bo
l
A. C17H31COOH v C17H33COOH B. C15H31COOH v C17H35COOH
C. C17H33COOH v C17H35COOH D. C17H33COOH v C15H31COOH
1.96. X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon
ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l
A. 3,28 gam B. 8,56 gam C. 8,2 gam D. 10,4 gam
7
1.97. Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng este ln nht thu c l
2/3 mol. t hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit) khi tin hnh este ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol
C2H5OH l (bit cc phn ng este ho thc hin cng nhit )
A. 2,925 B. 0,456 C. 2,412 D. 0,342
1.98. Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thu phn trong mi trng axit thu c axetanehit.
Cng thc cu to thu gn ca este l
A. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2 B. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3
C. CH3COO-CH=CH2 D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3
1.99. Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm 4,48 lt CO2
( ktc) v 3,6 gam nc. Nu cho 4,4 gam hp cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va n khi phn
ng hon ton, thu c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v cht hu c Z. Tn ca X l
A. Isopropyl axetat B. Metyl propionat
C. Etyl propionat D. Etyl axetat
1.100. un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti trng
thi cn bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l
A. 50% B. 55% C. 75% D. 62,5%
1.101. Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (c mt H2SO4 long) thu c hai sn phm hu c X
v Y. T X c th iu ch trc tip ra Y bng mt phn ng duy nht. Tn gi ca E l
A. metyl propionat B. propyl fomiat
C. ancol etylic D. etyl axetat
1.102. Thy phn hon ton hn hp gm hai este n chc X, Y l ng phn cu to ca nhau cn 100ml
dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c 7,85 gam hn hp hai mui ca hai axit l ng ng k tip v 4,95 gam hai
ancol bc I. Cng thc cu to v phn trm khi lng ca hai este l
A. HCOOCH2CH2CH3 75%, CH3COOC2H5 25%
B. HCOOC2H5 45%, CH3COOCH3 55%
C. HCOOC2H5 55%, CH3COOCH3 45%
D. HCOOCH2CH2CH3 25%, CH3COOC2H5 75%
1.103. Este X c cng thc n gin nht l C2H4O. un si 4,4 gam X vi 200 gam dung dch NaOH 3% n
khi phn ng hon ton. t dung dch sau phn ng thu c 8,1 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc ca X l:
A. C2H5COOCH3 B. CH3COOC2H5
C. HCOOCH2CH2CH3 D. HCOOCH(CH3)2
1.104. Thy phn 4,3 gam este X n chc mch h (c xc tc axit) n khi phn ng hon ton thu c
hn hp hai cht hu c Y v Z. Cho Y, Z phn ng vi dung dch d AgNO3/NH3 thu c 21,6 gam bc.
Cng thc cu to ca X l:
A. CH3COOCH=CH2 B. HCOOCH=CH-CH3
C. HCOOCH2CH=CH2 C. HCOOC(CH3)=CH2
1.105. Cho s phn ng:
CH4

X

X1
+ O H
2
X2
+ memgiam O ,
2
X3
+
1
X
X4

X4 c tn gi l
A. Natri axetat B. Vinyl axetat C. Metyl axetat D. Ety axetat
1.106. A l mt este 3 chc mch h. un nng 7,9 gam A vi NaOH d. n khi phn ng hon ton thu
c ancol B v 8,6 gam hn hp mui D. Tch nc t B c th thu c propenal. Cho D tc dng vi
H2SO4 thu c 3 axit no, mch h, n chc, trong 2 axit c khi lng phn t nh l ng phn ca
nhau. Cng thc phn t ca axit c khi lng phn t ln l
1.107. Cho cc phn ng: X + 3NaOH

0
t
C6H5ONa + Y + CH3CHO + H2O
Y + 2NaOH

0
,t CaO
T + 2Na2CO3
CH3CHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH

0
t
Z +
Z + NaOH

t CaO,
T + Na2CO3
Cng thc phn t ca X l
1.108. X c cng thc phn t C4H8O2. Cho 20 gam X tc dng va vi NaOH c 15,44 gam mui X l
A. C2H5COOCH3 B. HCOOC3H7 C. CH3COOC2H5 D. C3H7COOH
1.109. Thu phn este X trong mi trng kim thu c ancol etylic. Bit khi lng phn t ca ancol bng
62,16% khi lng phn t ca este. Vy X c cng thc cu to l
8
A. HCOOCH3 B. HCOOC2H5
C. CH3COOC2H5 D. CH3COOCH3
1.110. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp cc este no, n chc mch h. Sn phm chy c dn vo bnh
ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 12,4 gam. Khi lng kt ta to ra l
B. P N
1.1 C 1.21 B 1.41 C 1.61 D 1.81 C 1.101 D
1.2 D 1.22 D 1.42 C 1.62 D 1.82 B 1.102 D
1.3 D 1.23 C 1.43 B 1.63 C 1.83 C 1.103 B
1.4 B 1.24 C 1.44 D 1.64 B 1.84 C 1.104 B
1.5 B 1.25 C 1.45 D 1.65 D 1.85 D 1.105 D
1.6 C 1.26 A 1.46 C 1.66 C 1.86 B 1.106 A
1.7 A 1.27 B 1.47 D 1.67 C 1.87 B 1.107 C
1.8 A 1.28 D 1.48 B 1.68 C 1.88 B 1.108 B
1.9 C 1.29 C 1.49 D 1.69 B 1.89 C 1.109 B
1.10 C 1.30 D 1.50 B 1.70 B 1.90 B 1.110 C
1.11 B 1.31 C 1.51 A 1.71 D 1.91 A 1.111
1.12 A 1.32 C 1.52 B 1.72 D 1.92 C 1.112
1.13 C 1.33 A 1.53 C 1.73 D 1.93 D 1.113
1.14 A 1.34 D 1.54 B 1.74 C 1.94 C 1.114
1.15 D 1.35 A 1.55 D 1.75 B 1.95 C 1.115
1.16 B 1.36 C 1.56 B 1.76 A 1.96 A 1.116
1.17 D 1.37 D 1.57 C 1.77 B 1.97 A 1.117
1.18 B 1.38 B 1.58 C 1.78 A 1.98 C 1.118
1.19 D 1.39 C 1.59 C 1.79 C 1.99 B 1.119
1.20 A 1.40 A 1.60 A 1.80 B 1.100 D 1.120
9
C. HNG DN GII
1.2. mol
RT
PV
n 1 , 0 Meste =
86
1 , 0
6 , 8
Este n chc
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa +ROH
Mmui =
15 82
1 , 0
2 , 8
R
R l CH3
R = 27 R l C2H3 p n D
1.3. nNaOH = 0,1mol 7 74
1 , 0
4 , 7
R COONa R
R l H hoc CH3 2 este c dng
' COOR R
= 66 ' 15 ' R R l CH3
p n D
1.4. CnH2nO2 +
,
_

2
2 3n
O2 nCO2 + H2O

2
2 3n
n n=2 p n B
1.6. neste =0,3 mol
CM
NaOH
=
5 , 1
2 , 0
3 , 0
M
p n C
1.7. nCO
2
= 0,8 mol
s C = 8
vy tng s C ca ancol v 2 gc axit l 8 p n A
1.8. Phng trnh ha hc
RCOOR + NaOH
RCOONa + ROH
t pt ta c h
'
+
+ +
4,8 67)a (R
4,4 R)a 44 (R
( ) 4 , 0 ' 23 a R
< 23 ' R ch c CH3 l ph hp vi R 05 , 0 a
Meste = 88
p n B
1.9. nNaOH = neste
p n C
1.10. nancol < naxit
tnh hiu sut theo ancol
nancol phn ng = neste = 0,14
H = 70% p n C
1.11.
O H
n
2
=
2
CO
n
Este no n chc CnH2nO2
CnH2nO2 +
2
2 3 n
O2
nCO2 + nH2O
neste =
32 14
11 , 0
+ n

2
CO
n
=
32 14
11 , 0
+ n
n
= 0,005
n = 4
C4H8O2 c 4 ng phn p n B
10
1.12.
2 2
O H C
n n
+
2
2 3 n
O2
O H n CO n
2 2
+
0,25 0,25
n
= 0,88
n
= 3,52
C3H6O2 v C4H8O2 p n A hoc B

R OO RC
+ NaOH
OONa RC +
R
OH

R = 1 p n A
1.13. CH3COOC6H5 v HCOOC6H4-CH3 (c 3 ng phn v tr o, m, p)
p n C
1.14. l este 2 n chc ca ancol a chc nancol = 0,1
M = 62 C2H4(OH)2 p n A
1.15.
O H
n
2
=
2
CO
n

Este no n chc
neste = 0,05 Meste = 88 khi lng este mi phn l 4,4 g
m = 8,8 g p n D
1.16. Este c phn ng trng bc phi l este ca axit fomic
HCOOCH2-CH2-CH3 v HCOOCH-CH3
CH3
p n B
1.17. CTTQ ca este l CnH2n-2O2
CnH2n-2O2 +
2
2 3 n
O2
nCO2 + (n-1)H2O
0,05 0,04
n = 5 C5H8O2 p n D
1.18. Vit 2 phng trnh phn ng ta c h phng trnh
'
+
+
4 , 10 88 60
15 , 0
b a
b a

'
05 , 0
1 , 0
b
a

% = % 3 , 42 100 .
4 , 10

este
m
p n B
1.19. T cng thc : n =
2
1
n
n
RT
PV
2
1
P
P
neste = n1 =
1 , 0 .
2
2
1
n
P
P
mol
Meste = 102
C3H2O4 hoc C5H10O2

m este n chc CTPT : C5H10O2 p n D
1.20. nglixerol = 0,1 nNaOH = 0,3 vy mNaOH = 0,3.40 = 12
p dng bo ton khi lng : meste = 91,8 p n A
1.21. (RCOO)3R + 3NaOH 3RCOONa + R(OH)3
11
Mancol =
92
1 , 0
2 , 9
C3H5(OH)3 Mmui =
94
3 , 0
2 , 28
R l C2H3
este l (C2H3COO)3C3H5 p n B
1.22. V s C trong mui v ancol nh nhau nn CT cu to este
CH3COOC2H5 m1 = 4,1 g m2 = 2,3 g p n D
1.23. Este n chc m s mol NaOH ln hn s mol este to ra 2 mui c 1 este c gc phenyl v 2
este ca cng gc axit
RCOOR2 + NaOH RCOONa + R1OH
a a a a
RCOOR2 + 2NaOH RCOONa + R2ONa + H2O
b 2b b b
'
+
+
25 , 0 2
15 , 0
b a
b a
a= 0,05 b= 0,1
vy R1OH l C2H5OH (R + 67)0,15 + (R2 + 39)0,1 = 21,8
bin lun R l H v R2 l C6H5 (Ph hp) p n C
1.25. HCOOCH=CH2 HCOOCH=CH-CH3
HCOOCH=CH-CH2-CH3 HCOOCH=C-CH3
CH3
(khng k ng phn cis-trans) p n C
1.26. X phng ho este este ny c vng . CTPT l CnH2n-2O2
CnH2n-2O2 + NaOH HO-Cn-1H2n-2COONa (B)
HOCn-1H2n-2COONa + NaOH

0
,t CaO
Cn-1H2n-1OH + Na2CO3
t ancol ny
2
CO
n
:
O H
n
2
= 2 : 3 cng thc ca B l C2H5OH
Cng thc ca este l C3H4O2 p n A
1.27. p n B (v ancol sinh ra khng bn )
1.28. Phenol kh phn ng c vi CH3COOH nn ta dng anhirit axetic (axit tch nc)
p n D
1.30. T phng trnh ha hc ta thit lp c h
'
+
+
8 , 21 82 68
2 , 22 74 74
b a
b a
p n D
1.31. Este phi l este ca HCOOH v gc ancol khng bn thu phn cho anehit p n C
1.32. p n C (o ch cc axit c 3 este)
1.35. nancol = 2 , 0
RT
PV
este 2 chc
Mancol = 46 C2H5OH este l : (COOC2H5)2 p n A
1.36. naxit < nancol tnh theo axit vi hiu sut 60% p n C
1.37. p n D (v m ng vt v du thc vt l lipit )
12
1.38. t este cho t l CO2 v H2O bng nhau este no n chc C4H8O2
v c 3,4 gam mui 2 este l
HCOOC3H7 HCOOC3H7-n p n B
1.39. MY = 94 m Y c nhm COONa cng thc phn t: C2H3COONa
p n C
1.40. my = mx + mNaOH X l este mch vng
CTPT ca Y = C4H7O3Na p n A
1.42. Meste = 100 neste = 0,2 nNaOH d = 0,1
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
0,2(R + 67) + 0,1.40 = 23,2 R l C2H5 p n B
1.46.
2
CO
n
:
O H
n
2
este no n chc p n C
1.50. nAg = 1,8 nancol = 0,9 ancol l C3H7OH
nKOH d = 0,3 mmui = 105 0,3.56 = 88,2
mmui = 98 RCOOR R = 15 p n B
1.54. p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng p n B
1.56. neste = 025 , 0
RT
PV
Meste no n chc nNaOH = 0,6
0,3 0,6 0,3
M = 0,3.(R + 67) + 0,3.40 = 36,6 R = 15
CTCT este : CH3COOCH=CH2 p n B
1.57. neste = nKOH este 2 chc . meste = 146
V este ca axit a chc v ancol n chc
R(COOR)2 + 2 KOH R(COOK)2 + ROH
mmui = 166 R = 0
v to ra t 1 ancol nn este l (COOC2H5)2 p n C
1.58. Gii tng t nh bi 1.57, ta t cng thc
COOR1
COOR2 m R1 + R2 = 58
COOCH3 COOCH3 COOC2H5
COOC3H7-i COOC3H7-n COOC2H5
1.59. p n C , v axit c ni i nn s C 3 l este nn C 4
1.60. Cc cht iu ch trc tip etanal : 1 3 4 6 7 9 p n A (6 cht)
1.64. meste = mc + mH + mo mc = g 4 , 2 12 .
44
8 , 8
mH = 3 , 0 2 .
18
7 , 2
meste = (2,4 + 0,3) +
mo 0,75 meste = 2,7 meste = 3,6 p n B
1.70. (C17H33COO)3C3H5 + 3H2 (C17H35COO)3C3H5
13
nstearin 1 , 0
890
89
mH
2
= 0,3.2 = 0,6 molelin = 89 0,6 = 88,4
p n B
1.72. Vy X, Y phi c nhm HCOO hay CHO p n D
1.73. t CTTQ : CnH2n+2-2kO4 m 2 nhm chc este c 2 lin kt i trong mch c 1 lin kt i : K = 3
CnH2n-4O4 n 4 p n D
C
n
H2n+1COOCmH2m+1 +
2
1 3 3 + + m n
O2

(
n
+m+1)CO2 +(
n
+m+1)H2O
0,1 0,1
2
1 3 3 + + m n
nO
2
=
275 , 0
4 , 22
16 , 6

n 3 +
n m 5 , 4 3
+
5 , 4 m
V m l s C ca ancol
1 m 5 , 0 n
C
n
H2n+1COOCmH2m+1 + NaOH

C
n
H2n+1COONa + CmH2m+1OH
0,1 0,1
mO = 0,1.(14 n + 68) + mNaOH d = 7,5 + 6 = 13,5 p n C
1.77. V hiro ho cha hon ton p n B
(C17H33COO)3C3H5 + 3NaOH 3C17H35COONa + C3H5(OH)3
gi m l khi lng ca cht bo
neste =
890
85 , 0 m
nmui = 3 . 85 , 0 .
890
85 , 0 m
mx phng = 5 , 1 306 . 3 .
890
85 , 0
m
m = 1,7 p n C
1.81. CnH2n-2kO2 (k l lin kt i trong mch H )
CnH2n-2kO2 +
2
2 3 k n
O2
nCO2 + (n-k)H2O
x nx (n-k)x
nx = 0,3 x = 0,1
0,1 (n-k) x 0,3 v este lun c hiro p n C
1.84. nNaOH d = 0,3 mol.
Vy c 0,45 mol NaOH phn ng thu c 0,15 mol
a mol X l este c 3 nhm chc
mRCOONa + mNaCl = 54,45 mRCOONa = 36,9
R l CH3 vy este l (CH3COO)3C3H5 p n C
1.85 . Phng trnh ha hc
CH3COOC6H5 + 2NaOH CH3COONa + C6H5ONa + 2H2O
14
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
NaOH d = 0,05 ma = m2mui + mNaOH d = 21,8
p n D
1.94. Do ancol C2H5OH d. Tnh theo axit c
HCOOH + C2H5OH

HCOOC2H5 + H2O
0,05 0,05
CH3COOH + H2SO4

CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
0,05 0,05
V H = 80% nn meste = (74 + 88).0,05.
100
80
= 6,48 p n C
1.95 . t cng thc ca este l R1COO
R1COO C3H5
RCOO
Phng trnh ha hc
R1COO
R1COO C3H5 + 3NaOH

2R1COONa + RCOONa + C3H5(OH)3
RCOO
0,5 0,5
Mlipit =
5 , 0
444
= 888, 2R1 + R + 173 = 888

2R1 + R = 715
R l C17H33 (237) v R1 l C17H35 (239) ph hp. p n C
1.97. CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
Ban u: 1 1 0 0
Cn bng 1/3 1/3 2/3 2/3
Kcb =
[ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ]
4
.
.
5 2 3
2 5 2 3
OH H C COOH CH
O H H COOC CH
CH3COOH + C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
B : 1 x 0 0
Cb: 0,1 x 0,9 0,9 0,9
K =
4
) 9 , 0 .( 1 , 0
9 , 0 . 9 , 0
x
x = 2,925 p n A
1.102. neste = nNaOH = 0,1 mol. Bo ton khi lng meste = 8,8 gam Meste = 88u
Phng trnh ha hc:
' R COO R
+ NaOH
COONa R
+
OH R'
Mmui =
5 , 78
1 , 0
85 , 7

R
=11,5. vy gc 2 axit l H v CH3 vi s mol l x v y
Cng thc ca 2 este l: HCOOCH2CH2CH3 v CH3COOC2H5
15
H
2
SO
4c
t
0
H
2
SO
4c
t
0
Ta c h
'
+ +
+
) ( 5 , 11 15
1 , 0
y x y x
y x
'
075 , 0
025 , 0
y
x

Hai este l ng phn ca nhau nn phn trm khi lng hai este tng ng l 25% v 75%
p n D
1.103. Este X c cng thc n gin l C2H4O
Cng thc phn t ca este l C4H8O2.
neste = mol 05 , 0
88
4 , 4
, nNaOH = 0,15 mol vy NaOH d 0,1 mol
mcr = mNaOH d + mmui = 4 + mmui = 8,1
Mmui =
82
05 , 0
1 , 4
cng thc mui l:

CH3COONa vy este c cu to CH3COOC2H5 p n D
1.104. Nu ch c Y hoc Z trng gng neste =
Ag
n
2
1
= 0,1 mol, v l (v Meste 60)
Vy c Y v Z iu phi trng gng nn neste = 0,05 mol Meste = 86. c hai u trng gng c th este phi l:
HCOOCH=CH-CH3 p n B
1.106. Ancol B to ra t este 3 nhm chc, tch nc c th to ra propenal vy B l glixerol. Phng trnh
ha hc:
(
R
COO)3C3H5 + 3NaOH 3
R
COONa + C3H5(OH)3
m = 28a = 8,6 -7,9 = 0,7 a = 0,025 ta c Mmui =
025 , 0
9 , 7
= 316

R
= 47,67. Gc ca hai axit (c khi lng phn t nh) phi l C3H7 v tha mn c M < 47,67 v c
ng phn. Gi khi lng ca gc axit cn li l M ta c
67 , 47
2 . 43
+
+
a a
Ma a
M = 57 (C4H9-). Vy axit c khi lng phn t ln l:
C4H9COOH (C5H10O2) p n A
1.107. - Z l CH3COONa v T l CH4
- X tc dng c vi 3 phn t NaOH m ch to ra 1 phn t C6H5ONa v Y Y c 2 Na ( c 2
nhm COONa). T Y li c th to ra CH4 nn Y l
NaOCO-CH2-COONa
X l: CH2=CH-OCO-CH2-COOC6H5 (C11H10O4) p n C
1.108. neste = 227 , 0
88
20
mol Mmui =
68
227 , 0
44 , 15
(HCOONa)
Vy este c cng thc HCOOC3H7 p n B
1.109. Gi khi lng phn t ca este l M ta c
% C2H5OH = 16 , 62 100 .
46
M
M = 74 c hai ng phn este l CH3COOCH3 v
HCOOC2H5 nhng este c to ra t ancol etylic p n B
16
1.110. t chy este no n chc mch h th
2 2
CO O H
n n
. Khi lng bnh tng chnh l khi lng H2O v
CO2 b hp th.
44a + 18a = 12,4 gam a = 0,2 mol
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
0,2 0,2
Vy
3
CaCO
m
= 0,2.100 = 20 gam p n C.
CHNG 2. CACBOHIRAT
17
A. BI TP
2.1. Cho cc ho cht: Cu(OH)2 (1); dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (2); H2/Ni, t
o
(3); H2SO4 long, nng (4). Mantoz
c th tc dng vi cc ho cht:
A. (1) v (2) B. (2) v (3) C. (3) v (4) D. (1), (2) v (4)
2.2. Xenluloz trinitrat l cht d chy v n mnh, c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric. Th tch axit
nitric 63% c d = 1,52g/ml cn sn xut 594 g xenluloz trinitrat nu hiu sut t 60% l
A. 324,0 ml B. 657,9 ml C. 1520,0 ml D. 219,3 ml
2.3. Cht no sau y khng th trc tip to ra glucoz?
A. Xenluloz v H2O B. HCHO
C. CO2 v H2O D. C v H2O
2.4. Cho 360 gam glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic (gi s ch c phn ng to thnh ancol etylic). Cho tt
c kh CO2 hp th vo dung dch NaOH th thu c 212 gam Na2CO3 v 84 gam NaHCO3. Hiu sut ca
phn ng ln men ancol l
A. 50% B. 62,5% C. 75% D. 80%
2.5. Thuc th cn nhn bit 3 cht lng hexan, glixerol v dung dch glucoz l
A. Na B. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3
C. Dung dch HCl D. Cu(OH)2
2.6. Lng glucoz thu c khi thu phn 1 kg khoai cha 20% tinh bt (hiu sut t 81%) l
A. 162g B. 180g C. 81g D. 90g
2.7. phn bit cc cht: CH3CHO, C6H12O6 (glucoz), glixerol, etanol, lng trng trng ta ch cn dng
thm mt thuc th l
A. Dung dch AgNO3/ NH3 B. Nc brom
C. Kim loi Na D. Cu(OH)2
2.8. Cp gm cc polisaccarit l
A. Saccaroz v mantoz B. Glucoz v fructoz
C. Tinh bt v xenluloz. D. Fructoz v mantoz
2.9. Dung dch c dng lm thuc tng lc trong y hc l
A. Saccaroz B. Glucoz C. Fructoz D. Mantoz
2.10. Mt loi tinh bt c khi lng mol phn t l 29160 vc. S mt xch (C6H10O5) c trong phn t tinh
bt l
A. 162 B. 180 C. 126 D. 108
2.11. iu ch 45 gam axit lactic t tinh bt qua con ng ln men lactic, hiu sut thy phn tinh bt v
ln men lactic tng ng l 90% v 80%. Khi lng tinh bt cn dng l
A. 50g B. 56,25g C. 56g D. 62,5g
2.12. C 4 cht : Axit axetic, glixerol, ancol etylic, glucoz. Ch dng mt thuc th no sau y c th phn
bit c 4 cht trn?
A. Qu tm B. CaCO3 C. CuO D.Cu(OH)2 /OH
18
2.13. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt Cacbohirat (cacbohidrat) X thu c 52,8gam CO2 v 19,8 gam H2O.
Bit X c phn ng trng bc, X l
A. Glucoz B. Fructoz C. Saccaroz D. Mantoz
2.14. Xenluloz c cu to bi cc gc:
A.
-glucoz B.
-fructoz C. -glucoz D. -fructoz

2.15. T m gam tinh bt iu ch c 575ml ancol etylic 10
0
(khi lng ring ca ancol nguyn cht l 0,8
gam/ml) vi hiu sut ca qu trnh l 75% , gi tr ca m l
A. 108g B. 60,75g C. 144g D. 135g
2.16. Khi thu phn tinh bt trong mi trng axit v c, sn phm cui cng l
A. Glucoz B. Fructoz C. Saccaroz D. Mantoz
2.17. phn bit cc dung dch ring bit mt nhn gm: glucoz, sacaroz, anehit axetic, ancol etylic, h
tinh bt, ta dng thuc th:
A. I2 v Cu(OH)2, t
0
B. I2 v AgNO3/NH3
C. I2 v HNO3 D. AgNO3/NH3, HNO3, H2 (t
o
)
2.18. Dy cc cht u tc dng c vi xenluloz:
A. Cu(OH)2, HNO3 B.
[ ]
2 4 3
) ( ) ( OH NH Cu
, HNO3
C. AgNO3/NH3, H2O (H
+
) D. AgNO3/NH3, CH3COOH
2.19. Dy gm cc dung dch u tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 l
A. Glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz C. Glucoz, fructoz, mantoz.
B. Glucoz, saccaroz, mantoz D. Glucoz, mantoz, glixerol
2.20. Gi s 1 tn ma cy p ra c 900kg nc ma c nng saccaroz l 14%. Hiu sut ca qu trnh
sn xut saccaroz t nc ma t 90%. Vy lng ng ct trng thu c t 1 tn ma cy l
A. 113,4kg B. 810,0kg C. 126,0kg D. 213,4kg.
2.21. Saccarit no sau y khng b thu phn ?
A. Glucoz B. Saccaroz C. Mantoz D. Tinh bt.
2.22. phn bit glucoz v fructoz, ta c th dng thuc th l
A. Nc vi trong B. Nc brom C. AgNO3/NH3 D. dung dch NaOH.
2.23. Cho m gam tinh bt ln men sn xut ancol etylic, ton b lng CO2 sinh ra cho i qua dung dch
Ca(OH)2 thu c 200 gam kt ta, un nng dung dch nc lc thu c thm 200 gam kt ta. Bit hiu
sut mi giai on ln men l 75%. Khi lng m dng l
A. 860 gam B. 880 gam C. 869 gam D. 864 gam
2.24. Phn ng no sau y khng dng chng minh c im cu to phn t glucoz?
A. Phn ng vi NaOH chng minh phn t c nhm OH
B. Ho tan Cu(OH)2 chng minh phn t c nhiu nhm OH k nhau
C. Phn ng vi 5 phn t CH3COOH chng minh c 5 nhm OH
D. Phn ng vi Ag2O trong NH3 chng minh phn t c nhm CHO
2.25 : Mun xt nghim s c mt ca ng trong nc tiu khng th dng nc thuc th no sau y?
A. Thuc th Fehlinh ( phc Cu
2+
vi ion tactarat )
19
B. Thuc th tolen ( phc Ag
+
vi NH3 )
C. Cu(OH)2
D. Dung dch vi sa
2.26 : Chn pht biu ng v Cacbohirat:
A. Cacbohirat l mt loi hirocacbon
B. Cacbohirat l hp cht tp chc c cha nhiu nhm OH v c nhm >CO trong phn t
C. Cacbohirat l hp cht a chc c cha nhiu nhm -OH v c nhm >CO trong phn t
D. Cacbohirat l hp cht c cng thc chung l Cn(H2O)n
2.27. Cho cc dung dch khng mu: HCOOH, CH3COOH, Glucoz(C6H12O6), glixerol, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
Dng nhng cp cht no c th nhn bit c c 6 cht?
A. Cu(OH)2, qu tm, AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3
B. Qu tm, NaOH v AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3
C. Cu(OH)2, AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 v NaOH
D. Qu tm, AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 v H2SO4
2.28. Chia m gam cht X thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1. em phn tch xc nh c cng thc ca X l glucoz
- Phn 2. em thc hin phn ng trng bc thu c 27 gam Ag
Gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton th m c gi tr l
A.22,50gam B.20,25 gam C. 40,50 gam D. 45,00 gam
2.29 : Khi lng glucoz dng iu ch 5 lit ancol etylic vi hiu sut 80% (khi lng ring ca ancol
etylic l 0,8 g/ml) l
A. 2,504kg B. 3,130 kg C. 2,003 kg D. 3,507 kg
2.30. Xenluloz iaxetat (X) c dng sn xut phim nh hoc t axetat. Cng thc n gin nht (cng
thc thc nghim) ca X l
A. C3H4O2 B. C10H14O7
C. C12H14O7 D. C12H14O5
2.31. Trong mt nh my ru, ngi ta dng nguyn liu l mn ca cha 50% xenluloz sn xut ancol
etylic, bit hiu sut ca ton b qu trnh l 70%. sn xut 1 tn ancol etylic th khi lng mn ca cn
dng l
A. 500 kg B. 5051 kg C. 6000 kg D. 5031 kg
2.32. Thu phn m gam tinh bt, sn phm thu c em ln men sn xut ancol ctylic, ton b kh CO2
sinh ra cho qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 750 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut mi giai on l 80% th gi
tr m l
2.33. Trong cng nghip sn xut bc soi v rut phch nc, ngi ta s dng cht no phn ng vi
AgNO3 trong NH3 ?
A. Axetilen B. Anehit fomic C. Glucoz D. Saccaroz
20
2.34. Glucoz khng phn ng vi cht no sau y ?
A. (CH3CO)2O B. H2O
C. Cu(OH)2 D. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3
2.35. Khng nh no sau y l ng?
A. Saccaroz v mantoz u l ng phn ca nhau
B. Tinh bt v xenluloz l ng phn ca nhau
C. Fructoz khng tham gia phn ng trng bc khi cho tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 d
D. Saccaroz v saccarin u l ng ng ca nhau
2.36. Cho m gam hn hp Glucoz, saccaroz tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 9,72
gam Ag. Cho m gam hn hp trn vo dung dch H2SO4 long n khi thu phn hon ton. Trung ho ht axit
sau cho sn phm tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 44,28 gam Ag. Gi tri m l
2.37. iu ch xenluloz triaxetat ngi ta cho xenluloz tc dng vi cht no sau y l tt nht?
A. CH3COOH B. (CH3CO)2O
C. CH3-CO-CH3 D. CH3COOC6H5
2.38. Trong mt ong thng c glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz. Hm lng cc gluxit trong mt ong tng dn
theo dy sau:
A. Glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz
B. Fructoz, glucoz, saccaroz
C. Saccaroz, glucoz, fructoz
D. Saccaroz, fructoz, glucoz
2.39. Cng thc chung ca cacbohirat l
A. C6H12O6 B. CnH2nOn C. Cn(H2O)n D. (C6H10O5)n
2.40. Cht no sau y khng th iu ch trc tip t glucoz?
A. Ancol etylic B. Sobitol
C. Axit lactic D. Axit axetic
2.41. Cho 3 dung dch: chui xanh, chui chn, KI. Thuc th duy nht no sau y c th phn bit c 3
dung dch ni trn?
A. Kh O2 B. Kh O3
C. Dung dch AgNO3 D. H tinh bt
2.42. un nng dung dch cha 36g Glucoz cha 25% tp cht vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th
lng Ag ti a thu c l m(g). Hiu sut phn ng t 75% vy m c gi tr l
A. 32,4g B. 43,2g C. 8,1g D. 24,3g
2.43. Thu phn m(g) xenluloz (c 25% tp cht) sau ln men sn phm thu c ancol etylic (hiu sut
mi giai on l 80%). Hp th ton b khi CO2 thot ra vo nc vi trong d thu c 20g kt ta. Gi tr
ca m l
A. 33,75g B. 31,64g C. 27,00g D. 25,31g
2.44. Khi cho mt nhm bng vo ng nghim cha H2SO4 c. Hin tng xy ra
21
A. Nhm bng tan thnh dung dch trong sut
B. Nhm bng chuyn sang mu vng v sau chuyn thnh mu en
C. Nhm bng chuyn ngay thnh mu en
D. Nhm bng bc chy
2.45. Cho m gam hn hp glucoz, mantoz tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 32,4
gam Ag. Cho m gam hn hp Glucoz, mantoz vo dung dch H2SO4 long n khi thu phn hon ton.
Trung ho ht axit sau cho sn phm tc dng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c 45,36 gam
Ag. Khi lng Glucoz trong m gam hn hp l
A. 10,8 gam B. 14,58 gam C. 16,2gam D. 20,52gam
2.46. Glucoz tn ti bao nhiu dng mch vng?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
2.47. Cht no sau y phn ng c c Na, Cu(OH)2 /NaOH v AgNO3/NH3
A.Glixerol B. Glucoz
C. Saccaroz D. Anehit axetic
2.48. Dung dch saccaroz tinh khit khng c tnh kh nhng khi un nng vi dung dch H2SO4 li c th
cho phn ng trng bc. l do
A. c s to thnh anehit sau phn ng
B. Saccaroz trng bc c trong mi trng axit
C. Saccaroz b thu phn to thnh glucoz v fructoz
D. Saccaroz b chuyn thnh mantoz c kh nng trng bc
2.49. Trong cng nghip ch to rut phch, ngi ta thc hin phn ng ho hc no sau y?
A. Cho axetilen tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3
B. Cho axit fomic tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3
C. Cho anehit fomic tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3
D. Cho glucoz tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3
2.50. Khi n ma phn gc ngt hn phn ngn nguyn nhn l
A. Phn gc nhiu hm lng m nhiu hn phn ngn
B. Phn gc l fructoz, phn ngn l saccaroz
C. Phn gc c hm lng ng nhiu hn phn ngn
D. Phn gc c hm lng mui nhiu hn phn ngn
2.51. ng saccaroz (ng ma) thuc loi saccarit no?
A. Monosaccarit B. isaccarit
C. Polisaccarit D. Oligosaccarit
2.52. Phn ng no sau y dng chng minh trong cng thc cu to ca glucoz c nhiu nhm hiroxi
(-OH)?
A. Cho glucoz tc dng vi Na thy gii phng kh hiro
B. Cho glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng
C. Cho glucoz tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3
22
D. Cho glucoz tc dng vi dung dch brom
2.53. Cho 3 nhm cht sau: (1) Saccaroz v dung dch glucoz
(2) Saccaroz v mantoz
(3) Saccaroz, mantoz v anehit axetic
Thuc th no sau y c th phn bit c cc cht trong mi nhm trn?
A. Cu(OH)2/ NaOH B. AgNO3/ NH3
C. Na D. Br2/ H2O
2.54. t chy hp cht hu c X bng oxi thy sn phm to thnh gm CO2, N2 v hi H2O. Hi X c th l
cht no sau y?
A. Tinh bt B. Xenluloz
C. Cht bo D. Protein
2.55. Sp xp cc cht sau theo th t ngt tng dn:
Glucoz (1), fructoz (2), saccaroz (3), saccarin (4).
A. (1) < (3) < (2) < (4) B. (2) < (1) < (3) < (4)
C. (1) < (2) < (4) < (3) D. (4) < (2) < (3) < (1)
2.56. Khng nh no sau y l khng ng?
A. Kh NH3 d b ho lng v tan nhiu trong nc hn kh CO2
B. Hu ht cc kim loi trng thi rn
C. Glucoz v fructoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc
D. Glucoz v fructoz u c phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit
2.57. Dy cc cht no sau y u c phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit?
A. Tinh bt, xenluloz, polivinylclorua
B. Tinh bt, xenluloz, protein, saccaroz, cht bo
C. Tinh bt, xenluloz, protein, saccaroz, glucoz
D. Tinh bt, xenluloz, protein, saccaroz, polietilen
2.58. un nng dung dch cha 18(g) glucoz vi AgNO3 phn ng trong dung dch NH3 (hiu sut
100%). Tnh khi lng Ag tch ra?
A. 5,4 gam B. 10,8 gam
C. 16,2 gam D. 21,6 gam
2.59. Cho xenluloz phn ng anhirit axetic d c H2SO4 c, xc tc thu c 6,6 gam axit axetic v 11,1
gam hn hp A gm xenluloz triaxetat, xenluloz iaxetat. Phn trm khi lng xenluloz triaxetat l
A. 22,16% B. 77,84% C. 75,00% D. 25,00%
2.60. T cht no sau y khng th iu ch trc tip c ancol etylic?
A. Tinh bt B. Etylaxetat
C. Etilen D. Glucoz
2.61. Hp cht ng chim thnh phn ch yu trong mt ong l
A. Glucoz B. Fructoz
C. Saccaroz D. Mantoz
23
2.62. Fructoz khng phn ng c vi cht no sau y?
A. Cu(OH)2/ NaOH, t
0
B. AgNO3/ NH3, t
0
C. H2/ Ni, t
0
D. HBr
2.63. Ch dng thm 1 ho cht no sau y phn bit 4 cht: Axit axetic, glixerol, ancol etylic, glucoz?
A. Qu tm B. CaCO3
C. CuO D. Cu(OH)2
2.64. Phn ng no sau y chng t glucoz c dng mch vng?
A. Glucoz phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3.
B. Glucoz phn ng vi Cu(OH)2/ OH
-
.
C. Glucoz phn ng vi CH3OH/ H
+
.
D. Glucoz phn ng vi CH3COOH/ H2SO4 c.
2.65. phn bit c dung dch ca cc cht: glucoz, glixerol, etanol, formanehit, ch cn dng mt
thuc th l
A. Cu(OH)2/ OH
-
B. [Ag(NH3)2]OH
C. Nc brom D. Kim loi Na
2.66. Mt dung dch c cc tnh cht:
- Phn ng lm tan Cu(OH)2 cho phc ng mu xanh lam.
- Phn ng kh [Ag(NH3)2]OH v Cu(OH)2 khi un nng.
- B thu phn khi c mt xc tc axit hoc enzim.
Dung dch l
A. Glucoz B. Mantoz
C. Saccaroz D. Xenluloz
2.67. Phn ng tng hp Glucoz trong cy xanh cn c cung cp nng lng:
6CO2 + 6H2O + 673kcal C6H12O6 + 6O2
Khi lng Glucoz sn sinh c ca 100 l xanh trong thi gian 3 gi l (bit trong thi gian y 100 l hp
th mt nng lng l 84,125 kcal nhng ch c 20% nng lng c s dng vo phn ng tng hp
glucoz)
A. 22,5gam B. 4,5 gam C. 112,5 gam D. 9,3 gam
2.68. Cho s
Tinh bt

glucoz

sobitol
Khi lng sobitol thu c khi thu phn 50 gam tinh bt c 2,8% tp cht tr l (bit cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton)
2.69. ng no sau y khng thuc loi saccarit?
A. Saccarin B. Saccaroz C. Mantoz D. Glucoz
2.70. iu khng nh no sau y khng ng?
A. Glucoz v fructoz l hai cht ng phn ca nhau
B. Glucoz v fructoz u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/ NaOH
24
C. Glucoz v fructoz u tham gia phn ng trng bc
D. Glucoz v fructoz u lm mt mu nc brom
2.71. Cho 48,6 gam xenluloz phn ng 30,6 gam anhirit axetic c H2SO4 c, xc tc thu c 17,28 gam
xenluloz triaxetat. Hiu sut phn ng l
A. 60% B. 40% C. 10% D. 20%
2.72. Mt hp cht cacbohirat X c cc phn ng theo s sau:
X

NaOH OH Cu / ) (
2
Dung dch xanh lam

0
t
Kt ta gch.
Vy X khng th l
A. Glucoz B. Fructoz
C. Saccaroz D. Mantoz
2.73. Gia saccaroz v glucoz c c im g ging nhau?
A. u c ly t c ci ng
B. u c trong bit dc huyt thanh ngt
C. u b oxi ho bi [Ag(NH3)2]OH
D. u ho tan c Cu(OH)2 nhit thng
2.74. Cc kh to ra trong th nghim phn ng gia saccaroz vi H2SO4 m c bao gm:
A. CO2 v SO2. B. CO2 v H2S.
C. CO2 v SO3. D. SO2 v H2S.
2.75. Hp cht A l cht bt mu trng khng tan trong nc, trng ln trong nc nng to thnh h. Sn
phm cui cng ca qu trnh thu phn l cht B. Di tc dng ca enzim ca vi khun axit lactic, cht B
to nn cht C c hai loi nhm chc ho hc. Cht C c th c to nn khi sa b chua. Xc nh hp cht
A?
A. Saccaroz B. Tinh bt
C. Xenluloz D. Mantoz
2.76. Cht no sau y khng tham gia phn ng vi dung dch NaHSO3 bo ho?
A. Anehit axetic B. imetylxeton
C. Glucoz D. Phenol
2.77. Trong dung dch nc glucoz tn ti ch yu dng:
A. Mch vng 6 cnh B. Mch vng 5 cnh
C. Mch vng 4 cnh D. Mch h
2.78. nhit thng, cht no sau y tn ti trng thi lng?
A. Glucoz B. Fructoz C. Axit oleic D. Tinh bt
2.79. Kh CO2 chim 0,03% th tch khng kh. Th tch khng kh (ktc) cung cp CO2 cho phn ng
quang hp to ra 18g glucoz l
A. 4,032 lt B. 134,4 lt C. 448lt D. 44800 lt
2.80. Ln men 100 gam glucoz vi hiu sut 72% hp th ton b kh CO2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 thu c
2m gam kt ta. un nng nc lc sau khi tch kt ta thu c thm m gam kt ta. Gi tr m l
25
2.81. Nhn nh no sau y khng ng:
A. Nhai k vi ht go sng c v ngt
B. Ming cm chy vng y ni ngt hn cm pha trn
C. Glucoz khng c tnh kh
D. Iot lm xanh h tinh bt
2.82. Trong cc cht sau: glucoz, saccaroz, xenluloz, anehit axetic. Cht no c hm lng cacbon thp
nht?
A. Glucoz B. Saccaroz
C. Xenluloz D. Anehit axetic
2.83. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?
A. Nh dung dch iot vo h tinh bt thy c mu xanh, em un nng thy mt mu, ngui li xut hin
mu xanh
B. Trong nhiu loi ht cy ci thng c nhiu tinh bt
C. Nh dung dch iot vo mt lt chui xanh thy mu ming chui chuyn t trng sang xanh nhng nu nh
vo lt chui chn th khng c hin tng g
D. Cho axit nitric m c vo dung dch lng trng trng v un nng thy xut hin mu vng, cn cho
ng(II) hiroxit vo dung dch lng trng trng th khng thy c hin tng g
2.84. Tinh bt v xenluloz khc nhau ch :
A. c trng ca phn ng thu phn B. tan trong nc
C.V thnh phn phn t D. V cu trc mch phn t
2.85. Trong cc pht biu sau lin quan n Cacbohirat:
1. Khc vi glucoz (cha nhm anehit), fructoz (cha nhm xeton) khng cho phn ng trng bc
2. Saccaroz l isaccarit ca glucoz nn saccaroz cng tham gia phn ng trng bc nh glucoz
3. Tinh bt cha nhiu nhm -OH nn tan nhiu trong nc
4. Mantoz l ng phn ca saccaroz, mantoz c tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng kh Cu(OH)2
Chn phn ng sai:
A. Ch c (1) v (2) B. C (1), (2), (3), (4) u sai
C. Ch c (4) D. Ch c (1), (2) v (3)
2.86. D kin thc nghim no sau y khng dng chng minh cu to ca glucoz dng mch h?
A. Kh hon ton glucoz cho hexan
B. Glucoz c phn ng trng bc
C. Khi c xc tc enzim, dung dch glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic
D. Glucoz to este cha 5 gc CH3COO
-
2.87. D kin thc nghim no sau y dng chng minh cu to ca glucoz dng mch vng?
A. Kh hon ton glucoz cho hexan
26
B. Glucoz c phn ng trng bc
C. Glucoz c hai nhit nng chy khc nhau
D. Glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch xanh lam
2.88. Cp dung dch no sau y c kh nng ha tan c Cu(OH)2 ?
A. Glucoz v ancol etylic B. Anehit axetic v glixerol
C. Axit axetic v saccaroz D. Glixerol v propan-1,3-iol
2.89. C cc cp dung dch sau:
(1) Glucoz v glixerol (2) Glucoz v anehit axetic
(3) Saccaroz v mantoz(4) Mantoz v fructoz
Ch dng Cu(OH)2 c th phn bit c ti a bao nhiu cp cht trn ?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
2.90. Saccaroz v glucoz u c
A. Phn ng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng
B. Phn ng vi dung dch NaCl
C. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to thnh dung dch xanh lam
D. Phn ng thy phn trong mi trng axit
2.91. Cho cc cht: anehit fomic, axit axetic, glucoz. Pht biu no sau y khng ng khi ni v cc cht
ny?
A. Khi t chy hon ton cng khi lng cc cht cho cng khi lng CO2 v H2O
B. C 3 cht u c kh nng phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2
C. C 3 cht u c kh nng phn ng cng hp vi H2, xc tc Ni, t
0
D. u c cng cng thc n gin nn c cng thnh phn % cc nguyn t C, H, O
2.92. Dy gm cc dung dch u tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 l
A. Glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, natri axetat
B. Glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, axit axetic
C. Glucoz, glixerol, anehit fomic, natri axetat
D. Glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, ancol etylic
2.93. C th dng Cu(OH)2 phn bit c cc cht trong nhm
A. C3H5(OH)3, C2H4(OH)2 B. C3H7OH, CH3CHO
C. CH3COOH, C2H3COOH D.C3H5(OH)3, C12H22O11(saccaroz)
2.94. Cho 5 kg glucoz (cha 20% tp cht) ln men. Bit rng khi lng ancol b hao ht l 10% v khi
lng ring ca ancol nguyn cht l 0,8(g/ml). Th tch dung dch ancol 40
o
thu c l
A. 2,30 lt B. 5,75 lt C. 63,88 lt D. 11,50 lt
27
2.95. Cho 360 gam glucoz ln men to thnh ancol etylic, kh sinh ra c dn vo nc vi trong d thu
c m gam kt ta. Bit hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men t 80% . gi tr ca m l
A. 400 B. 320 C. 200 D. 160
2.96. Th tch dung dch HNO3 63 % (D = 1,52 g/ml) cn dng tc dng vi lng d xenluloz to 297
gam xenluloz trinitrat l
A. 243,90 ml B. 300,0 ml C. 189,0 ml D. 197,4 ml
2.97. Mt mu tinh bt c M = 5.10
5
u. Thy phn hon ton 1 mol tinh bt th s mol glucoz thu c l
A. 2778 B. 4200 C. 3086 D. 3510
2.98. Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz, mantoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng
A. Ho tan Cu(OH)2 B. Thy phn C. Trng ngng D. Trng bc.
2.99. Saccaroz l mt isaccarit c cu to bi:
A. 1 gc
-glucoz v 1 gc
-fructoz
B. 1 gc
-glucoz v 1 gc
-fructoz
C. 1 gc
-glucoz v 1 gc
-fructoz
D. 1 gc
-glucoz v 1 gc
-fructoz
2.100. Chia m gam glucoz thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1. em thc hin phn ng trng bc thu c 27 gam Ag
- Phn 2. Cho ln men thu c V ml ru (d = 0,8g/ml)
Gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton th V c gi tr l
A. 12,375 ml B. 13,375 ml
C. 14,375 ml D. 24,735 ml
B. P N
2.1 D 2.21 A 2.41 B 2.61 B 2.81 C
2.2 B 2.22 B 2.42 D 2.62 D 2.82 A
2.3 D 2.23 D 2.43 A 2.63 D 2.83 D
2.4 C 2.24 A 2.44 B 2.64 C 2.84 D
2.5 D 2.25 D 2.45 C 2.65 A 2.85 D
2.6 B 2.26 B 2.46 B 2.66 B 2.86 C
2.7 D 2.27 A 2.47 B 2.67 B 2.87 C
2.8 C 2.28 D 2.48 C 2.68 A 2.88 C
2.9 B 2.29 B 2.49 D 2.69 A 2.89 B
2.10 B 2.30 B 2.50 C 2.70 D 2.90 C
2.11 B 2.31 D 2.51 B 2.71 A 2.91 C
2.12 D 2.32 A 2.52 B 2.72 C 2.92 B
2.13 D 2.33 C 2.53 A 2.73 D 2.93 B
2.14 C 2.34 B 2.54 D 2.74 A 2.94 B
2.15 A 2.35 A 2.55 A 2.75 B 2.95 B
2.16 A 2.36 D 2.56 D 2.76 D 2.96 D
2.17 A 2.37 B 2.57 B 2.77 A 2.97 C
2.18 B 2.38 C 2.58 D 2.78 C 2.98 B
28
2.19 C 2.39 C 2.59 B 2.79 D 2.99 A
2.20 A 2.40 D 2.60 A 2.80 B 2.100 C
C. HNG DN GII
2.2. Phng trnh ha hc:
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3nHNO3 [C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n + 3n H2O
6
n n
2
297
594
Khi lng HNO3 l m =

60
100
. 63 . 6 =630 gam p n D
mdd axit =
63
100
. 630 = 1000 gam ml
d
m
V 8 , 657 p n B
2.4.
2
CO
n
=
3 2
CO Na
n
+ nNaHCO
3
= 3 mol ( bo ton nguyn t C)
C6H12O6

2C2H5OH + 2CO2 H =
360
180 . 5 , 1
= 75% p n C
1,5 3
2.5. Dng Cu(OH)2.
- Vi glixerol cho phc mu xanh
- Vi glucoz nhit thng to phc, un nng to kt ta gch
- Vi hexan khng c hin tng p n D
2.6. (C6H10O5)n

+ O nH
2
n C6H12O6
162n

180n
200

?
mglucoz = g 180
100
81
.
162
180 . 200
p n B
2.20. S mt xch trong tinh bt l: 180
162
29160
n p n B
2.11. (C6H10O5)n

+ O nH
2
n C6H12O6

men
2n CH3-CH-COOH

n 2
5 , 0
mol 0,5 mol
Do hiu sut nn mtinh bt = g n
n
25 , 56
90
100
.
80
100
. 162 .
2
5 , 0
p n B
2.13.
mol n n
CO C
2 , 1
2

;
mol n n
O H A
2 , 2 2
2

29
OH
Cng thc cacbohirat l C12H22O11. M X c phn ng trng bc

Vy X l mantoz p n D
2.15. mancol = 46 8 , 0 .
100
10
. 575 gam
nancol = 1 mol
Ta c s : (C6H10O5)n

+ O H
2
n C6H12O6

men
2nC2H5OH + 2 CO2
1/2n 1
m = 108
75
100
. 162 .
2
1
n
n
gam p n A
2.20. msaccaroz = 126
100
14
. 900 kg
V H = 90%
msaccaroz = 4 , 113
100
90
. 126 kg . p n A
2.23. Do un nng nc lc cho thm kt ta nn trong dung dch nc lc c mui Ca(HCO3)2 Vy phng
trnh ha hc:
CO2+ Ca(OH)2 CaCO3+ H2O (1); 2CO2+ Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2 (2)
Khi un nng dung dch nc lc:
Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2+ H2O (3)
T (1), (2), (3) tnh c
2
CO
n
= 6 mol
(C6H10O5)n

+ O nH
2
n C6H12O6

men
2n C2H5OH + 2nCO2

n 2
6
6
V hiu sut mi giai on l 75% nn
mtinh bt =
n 2
6
.162n.
75
100
.
75
100
= 864 gam p n D
2.28. Phn 2: ta c phng trnh ha hc:
C5H6(OH)5CHO + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O C5H6(OH)5COONH4 + NH4NO3 + 2Ag
0,125 0,25
m glucoz = 180.0,125 =22,5 vy m = 22,5.2 =45,00 gam p n D
2.29.
OH H C
m
5 2
= g 1280 8 , 0 .
100
32
. 1000 . 5
OH H C
n
5 2
= mol 82 , 27
46
1280
mglucoz = g 3130
80
100
. 180 .
2
82 , 27
hay 3,130 kg p n B
30
2.31. (C6H10O5)n

+ O H
2
n C6H12O6

men
2nC2H5OH + 2 CO2

n 2 . 46
1

46
1
mxenluloz =
n 2 . 46
1
. 516 , 2
70
100
. 162 n tn
mg = 2,516.2 = 5,031 tn p n D
2.32. Phng trnh ha hc: CO2+ Ca(OH)2 CaCO3+ H2O

2
CO
n =
3
CaCO
n = 7,5 mol
(C6H10O5)n

+ O nH
2
n C6H12O6

men
2n C2H5OH + 2nCO2

n 2
5 , 7
7,5
V hiu sut mi giai on l 80% nn
mtinh bt =
n 2
5 , 7
.162n.
80
100
.
80
100
= 949,2 gam p n A
2.36. Phn t glucoz hay saccaroz u c phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3 cho ra 2 phn t Ag.
saccaroz thu phn cho mt glucoz v mt fructoz u cho ra 2 Ag nn ta c h sau t phng trnh ha
hc.
Gi x, y l s mol ca glucoz v saccaroz
'
41 , 0 4 2
09 , 0 2
y x
x
'
08 , 0
045 , 0
y
x
m = mglucoz + msaccaroz = 35,46 g p n C
2.42. mglucoz = g 27
100
75
. 36 nglucoz = 15 , 0
180
27
C6H12O6

3 3
/ NH ddAgNO
2Ag
0,15 0,3
mAg = g 3 , 24
100
75
. 108 . 3 , 0 p n D
2.43. (C6H10O5)n

+ O H
2
nC6H12O6

men
2nC2H5OH + 2nCO2

2
CO
n = 2 , 0
100
20
mol mxenluloz = gam 31 , 25
80
100
.
80
100
. 162 . 1 , 0
Do ln tp cht nn m xenluloz thc t l m = g 75 , 33 100 .
75
31 , 25
p n A
31
2.45. Phn t glucoz hay mantoz u c phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3 cho ra 2 phn t Ag.
Mantoz thu phn cho 2 glucoz.
Gi x, y l s mol ca glucoz v mantoz
'
+
+
21 , 0 2
15 , 0
y x
y x
'
06 , 0
09 , 0
y
x
mglucoz = 0,09.180 = 16,2 g p n C
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3n(CH3CO)2O [C6H7O2(OOCH3)3]n + 3nCH3COOH
x 3nx
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 2n(CH3CO)2O[C6H7O2OH(OCOCH3)2]n + 2nCH3COOH
y 2ny
Ta c h phng trnh
'
'
+
+
01 , 0
03 , 0
11 , 0 2 3
1 , 11 246 288
ny
nx
ny nx
ny nx

% mxenluloz triaxetat =
% 84 , 77 100 .
1 , 11
03 , 0 . 288
p n B
2.67. Nng lng c dng tng hp glucoz ca 100 l xanh l
Q = 84,125.
100
20
= 16,825 kcal
Phn ng tng hp Glucoz trong cy xanh cn c cung cp nng lng:
6CO2 + 6H2O + 673kcal C6H12O6 + 6O2
ta c 673kcal tng hp c 1 mol glucoz (180gam)
vy 16,825 tng hp c 0,025 mol glucoz (4,5 gam) p n B
2.68. Khi lng tinh bt c trong 50 gam l m = gam 6 , 48
100
2 , 97
. 50
(C6H10O5)n

+ O H
2
n C6H12O6

+
2
H
n C6H14O6 (sobitol)
n 162
6 , 48
n
n
.
162
6 , 48
msobitol = 54,6 gam p n A
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3n(CH3CO)2O [C6H7O2(OCOCH3)3]n + 3nCH3COOH
n
n
3 .
06 , 0

n n
06 , 0
288
28 , 17
Hiu sut phn ng tnh theo (CH3CO)2O l

32
H
% 60 100 .
3 , 0
3 .
06 , 0

n
n p n A
6CO2 + 6H2O + 673kcal C6H12O6 + 6O2
0,6 0,1
13,44 lit m CO2 Chim 0,03% th tch khng kh nn
Vkhng kh = 13,44.
44800
03 , 0
100
lt p n D
2.80. S mol glucoz tham gia phn ng ln men l n = mol 4 , 0
100
72
.
180
100
C6H12O6

men
2C2H5OH + 2CO2
0,4 0,8
CO2+ Ca(OH)2 CaCO3+ H2O (1)
0,02m
2CO2+ Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2 (2)
Khi un nng dung dch nc lc:
Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2+ H2O (3)
0,01m 0,01m
Vy s mol CO2 tham gia phn ng (2) l 0,02m ta c:
0,02m + 0,02m = 0,8 m = 20 gam p n B
2.94. S mol glucoz tham gia phn ng ln men l n = mol 22 , 22
100
80
.
180
5000
C6H12O6

men
2C2H5OH + 2CO2
22,22 44,44 mol
mancol = 44,44.46.
100
90
= 1840 gam Vancol =
8 , 0
1840
= 2300 ml
V dd = 5750 ml = 5,75 lt p n B
2.95. Phng trnh ha hc: C6H12O6

men
2C2H5OH + 2CO2
2 mol 4 mol
Do hiu sut l 80% nn lng CO2 thu c l: 4.
100
80
= 3,2 mol
CO2+ Ca(OH)2 CaCO3+ H2O
Khi lng kt ta thu c l m = 3,2.100 = 320 gam p n B
33
4 , 22 . 6 , 0
2
CO
V
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3nHNO3 [C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n + 3n H2O
3
n n
1
297
297
Th tch dung dch HNO3 l V =

52 , 1
1
.
63
100
. 63 . 3
= 197,4 ml p n D
2.97. S mt xch ca tinh bt l: n = 3086
162
10 . 5
5
mt xch
(C6H10O5)n

+ O nH
2
n C6H12O6
1 mol 3086 mol p n C
2.100. Phn 1: ta c phng trnh ha hc:
C5H6(OH)5CHO + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O C5H6(OH)5COONH4 + NH4NO3 + 2Ag
0,125 0,25
Phn 2: C6H12O6

men
2C2H5OH + 2CO2
0,125 0,25 mol
mancol =0,25.46 = 11,5 gam Vancol =
8 , 0
5 , 11
14,357ml
p n C
CHNG 3. AMIN AMINOAXIT PROTEIN
A. BI TP
3.1. Cng thc no di y l cng thc chung ca dy ng ng amin thm (cha mt vng benzen), n
chc, bc nht?
A. CnH2n - 7NH2 (n 6) B. CnH2n + 1NH2 (n 6)
34
C. C6H5NHCnH2n + 1 (n 1) D. CnH2n - 3NHCnH2n 4 (n 3)
3.2. Phn tch nh lng hp cht hu c X ta thy t l khi lng gia 4 nguyn t C, H, O, N l mC : mH :
mO : mN = 4,8 : 1 : 6,4 : 2,8. T khi hi ca X so vi He bng 18,75. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H5O2N. B. C3H7O2N. C. C4H10O4N2. D. C2H8O2N2
3.3. Ly 9,1 gam hp cht A c cng thc phn t l C3H9O2N tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng,
c 2,24 lt (o ktc) kh B thot ra lm xanh giy qu tm m. t chy ht 1/2 lng kh B ni trn, thu
c 4,4 gam CO2. Cng thc cu to ca A v B l
A. HCOONH3C2H5; C2H5NH2 B. CH3COONH3CH3; CH3NH2
C. HCOONH3C2H3 ; C2H3NH2 D. CH2=CHCOONH4; NH3
3.4. Cho cc dung dch ca cc hp cht sau:
NH2-CH2-COOH (1) ; ClH3N-CH2-COOH (2) ; NH2-CH2-COONa (3) ;
NH2-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH (4) ; HOOC-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH (5).
Cc dung dch lm qu tm ho l
A. (1), (3) B. (3), (4) C. (2), (5) D. (1), (4).
3.5. Cho hn hp hai amino axit u cha 1 nhm amino v 1 nhm cacboxyl vo 440 ml dung dch HCl 1M
c dung dch X. tc dng ht vi dung dch X cn 840 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Vy khi to thnh dung
dch X th
A. Amino axit v HCl cng ht B. D amino axit
C. D HCl D. Khng xc nh c
3.6. Dy cht no sau y c xp theo chiu tng dn bc ca amin?
A. CH3CH2NHCH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NCH2CH3
B. C2H5NH2, (CH3)2CHNH2, (CH3)3CNH2
C. CH3NH2, CH3CH2NHCH3, (CH3)2NCH2CH3
D. CH3NH2, (CH3)2NCH2CH3, CH3CH2NHCH3
3.7. Cho s phn ng: CH3NH2 A B
Cc cht A, B trong s trn ln lt l
A. (CH3)2NH, CH3CH2NH3Cl B. (CH3)2NH, (CH3)2NH2Cl
C. C2H5NH2, C2H5NH3Cl D. (CH3)2NH, CH3NH3Cl
3.8. Cc cht sau c sp xp theo th t tnh baz tng dn:
A. C6H5NH2, NH3, CH3NH2, C2H5NH2, CH3NHCH3
B. CH3NH2, C6H5NH2, NH3, C2H5NH2
C. NH3, C6H5NH2, CH3NH2, CH3NHCH3
D. NH3, C2H5NH2, CH3NHC2H5, CH3NHCH3
3.9. Hp cht X lng tnh c cng thc phn t l C3H9O2N. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH th thu
c etyl amin. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3COONH3CH3 B. HCOONH3C2H5
C. HCOONH2(CH3)2 D. C2H5COONH4
3.10. S ng phn amin bc 2 c cng thc phn t C4H11N l
35
+CH
3
I +HCl
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5.
3.11. Hp cht X c cng thc phn t l C9H17O4N, c cu to i xng. Hp cht Y c cng thc phn t l
C5H7O4NNa2 c s chuyn ho:
X Y C5H10O4NCl
Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. C2H5OOCCH2CH(NH2)CH2COOC2H5
B. CH3COOCH2CH(NH2)CH2OOCC3H7
C. CH3COOCH2CH2CH(NH2)CH2CH2OOCCH3
D C2H5OOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOC2H5
3.12. t chy hon ton m gam mt amin n chc thu c 0,2 mol CO2 v 0,35 mol H2O. Cng thc phn
t ca amin l
A. C4H7N B. C2H7N C. C4H14N D. C2H5N
3.13. tng hp cc protein t cc amino axit, ngi ta dng phn ng:
A. Trng hp B. Trng ngng C. Trung ho D. Este ho
3.14. Dy gm cc cht u c kh nng lm i mu qu tm l
A. C6H5OH, C2H5NH2 ,CH3COOH
B. CH3NH2, C2H5NH2, CH3COOH
C. C6H5NH2 v CH3NH2, C2H5NH2
D. (C6H5)2NH, (CH3)2NH, NH2CH2COOH
3.15. Hp cht hu c A cha cc nguyn t C,H,O,N trong N chim 15,73 % v khi lng. Cht A tc
dng c vi NaOH v HCl v u theo t l 1:1 v s mol. Cht A c sn trong thin nhin v tn ti
trng thi rn. Cng thc cu to ca A c th l
A. NH2CH2CH2COOH B. CH2=CHCOONH4
C. HCOOCH2CH2NH2 D. NH2CH2COOCH3
3.16. Cho s bin ho
C
2
H
2
A B D C
6
H
5
NH
2
Cc cht A, B, D ln lt l
A. C6H6, C6H5NO2, C6H5NH3Cl B. C6H6, C6H5Cl, C6H5NO2
C. C6H12, C6H6, C6H5NO2 D. C6H6, C6H5NO2, C6H4(NO2)2
3.17. Cho cc hp cht hu c: phenyl metyl ete, toluen, anilin, phenol. Trong s cc cht cho, nhng cht
c th lm mt mu dung dch brom l
A. Toluen, anilin, phenol B. Phenyl metyl ete, toluen, anilin, phenol
C. Phenyl metyl ete, anilin, phenol D. Phenyl metyl ete, toluen, phenol
3.18 Hy sp xp cc cht sau y theo trt t tng dn tnh baz: NH3, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2; (CH3)2NH v
(C6H5)2NH:
A. (C6H5)2NH, NH3, C6H5NH2, (CH3)2NH, CH3NH2
B. (C6H5)2NH, C6H5NH2, NH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH
C. (CH3)2NH, CH3NH2, NH3, C6H5NH2, (C6H5)2NH
36
+ dung dch NaOH
+ dung dch HCl
A. CH
2
COOH B. CH
3
CH
2
CH COOH

C. CH
3
CH COOH D.
A. CH
3
- CH
2
COOH B. CH
3
CH
2
CH COOH

C. CH
2
(NH
2
) - CH
2
COOH D.
D. NH3, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2, (CH3)2NH, (C6H5)2NH
3.19. Hp cht no sau y khng phi l amino axit ?
A. NH2CH2COOH B. HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH
C. CH3NHCH2COOH D. CH3CH2CONH2
3.20. Cho X l mt amino axit. Khi cho 0,01mol X tc dng vi HCl th dng ht 80ml dung dch HCl
0,125M v thu c 1,835gam mui khan . Cn khi cho 0,01mol X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH th cn
dng 25gam NaOH 3,2%. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. NH2C3H6COOH B. ClNH3C3H3(COOH)2
C. NH2C3H5(COOH)2. D. (NH2)2C3H5COOH
3.21.C th tch ring cc cht t hn hp lng gm benzen v anilin bng nhng cht no?
A. Dung dch NaOH, dung dch brom
B. Dung dch HCl, dung dch NaOH
C. H2O, dung dch brom
D. Dung dch NaCl, dung dch brom
3.22. phn bit cc dung dch glucoz, glixerol, anehit axetic, ancol etylic v lng trng trng ta dng:
A. NaOH B. AgNO3/NH3 C. Cu(OH)2 D. HNO3
3.23. Trong cc cht: metyl benzoat, natri phenolat, ancol benzylic, phenyl amoni clorua, glixerin, protein. S
cht tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 3 B. 2 C. 5 D. 4
3.24. Trong cc cht: p-NO2-C6H4-NH2; p-CH3O-C6H4-NH2; p-NH2-C6H4-CHO; C6H5-NH2. Cht c tnh baz
mnh nht l
A. p-NO2-C6H4-NH2 B. p-CH3O-C6H4-NH2
C. p-NH2-C6H4-CHO D. C6H5-NH2
3.25. C4H11N c s ng phn amin bc 1 l
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
3.26. Cho 14,7 gam mt amino axit X (c 1 nhm NH2) tc dng vi NaOH d thu c 19,1 gam mui. Mt
khc cng lng amino axit trn phn ng vi HCl d to 18,35 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X c th l
A. NH2-CH2-COOH B. CH3-CH(NH2)COOH
C. NH2-(CH2)6 -COOH D. HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)COOH
3.27. Trong cc cht: C6H5NH2, CH3CH2NHCH3, CH3CH2CH2NH2, CH3NH2 cht c tnh baz mnh nht l
A. C6H5NH2 B. CH3NH2
C. CH3CH2NHCH3 D. CH3CH2CH2NH2
3.28. Cho s C8H15O4N + 2NaOH C5H7O4NNa2 + CH4O + C2H6O
Bit C5H7O4NNa2 c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh, c -NH2 ti
C
th C8H15O4N c s cng thc cu to
ph hp l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
3.29. Hp cht hu c c cng thc phn t C3H9O2N. S ng phn c tnh cht lng tnh (va tc dng vi
dung dch NaOH v dung dch HCl) l
37
A. CH
2
COOH B. CH
3
CH
2
CH COOH

C. CH
3
CH COOH D.
A. CH
3
- CH
2
COOH B. CH
3
CH
2
CH COOH

C. CH
2
(NH
2
) - CH
2
COOH D.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
3.30. t chy hon ton 10,4 gam hai amin no, n chc, ng ng lin tip nhau, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2
(ktc). Hai amin c cng thc phn t l
A. CH4N v C2H7N B. C2H5N v C3H9N.
C. C2H7N v C3H7N D. C2H7N v C3H9N
3.31. Este X c to bi ancol metylic v
- amino axit A. T khi hi ca X so vi H2 l 51,5. Amino axit

A l
A. Axit
- aminocaproic B. Alanin
C. Glyxin D. Axit glutamic
3.32. Glyxin c th tc dng vi cht no trong cc cht sau?
KCl (1), C2H5OH /HCl (2), CaCO3 (3), Na2SO4 (4), CH3COOH (5).
A. (1), (2) , (3) B. (3), (4) , (5)
C. (2), (3), (4) D. (2), (3), (5)
3.33. Hp cht X c 40,45%C, 7,86%H, 15,73%N v cn li l oxi. Khi lng mol phn t ca X nh hn
100 gam. Bit X tc dng c vi hiro nguyn t. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3CH(NH2)COOH B. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2NO2
C. H2NCH2CH2COOH D. CH3-CH2-CH2-NO2
3.34. X l mt amin aamino axit cha 1 nhmCOOH v 1 nhm NH2. Cho 8,9g X tc dng vi dung dch
HCl. Sau c cn dung dch th thu c 12,55g mui khan. Cng thc ng ca X l
3.35. Amino axit X cha 1 nhmCOOH v 2 nhm NH2. Cho 0,1 mol X tc dng ht vi 270ml dung dch
NaOH 0,5M c cn thu c 15,4g cht rn. Cng thc phn t c th c ca X l
A. C4H10N2O2 B. C5H12N2O2 C. C5H10NO2 D. C3H9NO4
3.36. X l mt a amino axit cha 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2. Cho 8,9g X tc dng vi 200ml dung
dch HCl 1M. Thu c dung dch Y. phn ng ht vi cc cht trong dung dch Y cn dng 300ml dung
dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc ng ca X l
38
A. CH
2
COOH B. CH
3
CH
2
CH COOH

C. CH
3
CH COOH D.
NH
2
NH
2
NH
2
COOH
CH
2
NH
2
CH
2
CH
3
COOH
CH
3
NH
2
C
A. CH
3
- CH
2
COOH B. CH
3
CH
2
CH COOH

C. CH
2
(NH
2
) - CH
2
COOH D.
NH
2
NH
2
3.37. Cho hn hp 2 amin n chc bc I c t khi hi so vi hiro l 19 (bit c mt amin c s mol bng
0,15) tc dng vi dung dch FeCl3 d thu c kt ta A. em nung A n khi lng khng i thu c 8
gam cht rn. Cng thc ca 2 amin l
A. CH3NH2 v C2H5NH2 B. CH3NH2 v C2H3NH2
C. C2H5NH2 v C2H3NH2 D. CH3NH2 v CH3NHCH3
3.38. Cho m gam hn hp hai amin n chc bc I c t khi hi so vi hiro l 30 tc dng vi FeCl 2 d thu
c kt ta X. ly kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c 18,0 gam cht rn. Vy gi
tr ca m l
3.39. Trung ho 62 gam dung dch ca mt amin no n chc bc I c nng bng 5% bng dung dch
200ml HCl 0,5M thu c dung dch X. Vy dung dch X c gi tr pH l
A. pH=7 B. pH >7 C. pH < 7 D. pH=0
3.40. Hy chn cng thc sai trong s cc amino axit di y?
A. C3H7O2N B. C4H8O2N C. C5H9O2N D. C5H12O2N2
3.41. t chy hon ton hn hp cc amin n chc mch h (c s nguyn t cacbon < 5) th thu c l l H2O
: CO2 = 2: 1. Trong hn hp amin chc chn c:
A. Metylamin B. imetylamin
C. Etylmetylamin C. ietylamin
3.42. Tnh baz ca imetylamin mnh hn melylamin v l do no sau y?
A. Khi lng mol ca imetylamin ln hn
B. Mt electron ca N trong CH3NH2 nh hn CH3- NH- CH3
C. imetylamin c nhiu nhm y electron hn lm tng mt electron ca nguyn t N
D. imetylamin c cu trc i xng hn metylamin
3.43. Cng thc phn t tng qut amin no n chc mch h l
A. CnH2n+3N B. CnH2n+1NH2 C. CnH2n+1N D. CnH2n-1NH2
3.44. t chy 1 mol amino axit H2N- (CH2)n- COOH phi cn s mol oxi l
A. (2n + 3)/2 B. (6n + 3)/2
C. (6n + 3)/4 D. (6n - 1)/4
3.45. Cho hp cht sau: [ CO- (CH2)4- CO- NH- (CH2)6- NH ]n. Hp cht ny thuc loi polime no sau y?
A. Cht do. B. Cao su. C. T nilon. D. Len.
3.46. Thu phn hon ton hp cht sau th khng th thu c sn phm no di y?
H2N- CH2- CO- NH- CH- CO- NH- CH- CO-NH- CH2- COOH.
CH3 C6H5
A. H2N- CH2- COOH B. C6H5- CH- COOH
NH2 NH2
C. CH3- CH2- CH- COOH D. (H2N)2CH- COOH
39
3.47. Hp cht C3H7O2N tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH, dung dch H2SO4 v lm mt mu nc brom.
Xc nh cng thc cu to c th c ca hp cht ?
A. H2N- CH2- CH2- COOH B. CH2 = CH- COONH4
C. CH3- CH- COOH D. CH3-NH-CH2-COOH
NH2
3.48. Cho 0,01 mol amino axit A tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch HCl 0,2M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng
c 2,18 gam mui. Khi lng mol ca A l
A. 109 gam. B. 218 gam. C. 147 gam. D. 145gam
3.49. Hp cht hu c A c cng thc phn t C3H9O2N. Cho A phn ng vi dung dch NaOH un nh, thu c
mui B v kh C lm xanh qu tm m. Nung B vi NaOH rn thu c mt hirocacbon n gin nht. Xc nh cng
thc cu to ca A?
A. CH3COONH3CH3 B. CH3CH2COONH4
C. HCOONH3CH2CH3 D. HCOONH2(CH3)2
3.50. Cho mt - amino axit X c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh.
- Ly 0,01 mol X phn ng va vi 80 ml dung dch HCl 0,125 M thu c 1,835 gam mui.
- Ly 2,94 (g) X phn ng va vi dung dch NaOH thu c 3,82 (g) mui. Xc nh cng thc
cu to ca X?
A. CH3- CH2 - CH- COOH.
NH2
B. HOOC - CH2- CH2- CH- COOH.
NH2
C. HOOC- CH- CH2- CH2- CH2- COOH
NH2
D. HOOC- CH2- CH2- CH2- CH- COOH
NH2
3.51. Thc hin phn ng este ho gia -amino axit X v ancol CH3OH thu c este A c t khi hi so vi
khng kh bng 3,07. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca X?
A. H2N- CH2- COOH B. H2N- CH2- CH2- COOH
C. CH3- CH- COOH D. CH3-NH-CH2-COOH
NH2
3.52. Cho cc cht sau: (1) CH3-CH(NH2)COOH; (2) HO-CH2-COOH; (3) CH2O v C6H5OH; (4) C2H4(OH)2
v p-C6H4(COOH)2; (5) NH2(CH2)6NH2 v HOOC(CH2)4COOH. Cc trng hp no trn y c kh nng
tham gia phn ng trng ngng?
A. (1), (3), (5) B. (1),(2), (4)
C. (1), (2), (4), (5) D. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)
3.53. Cho 0,01 mol amino axit X tc dng vi HCl th dng ht 80 ml dung dch HCl 0,125M v thu c
1,835 gam mui khan. Cn khi cho 0,01 mol X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH th cn dng 25 gam dung dch
NaOH 3,2%. Cng thc ca X l
40
A. H2N-C3H6-COOH. B. H2N-C2H4-COOH.
C. H2NC3H5(COOH)2. D. (NH2)2C3H5COOH.
3.54. Cho polime [ NH (CH2)5 CO ]n tc dng vi dung dch NaOH trong iu kin thch hp. Sn phm
thu c l
A. NH3, Na2CO3 B. NH3 v C5H11COONa
C. C5H11COONa D. NH2-(CH2)5-COONa
3.55. t chy hon ton mt amino axit A th thu c CO2 v N2 theo t l th tch 4:1. Bit phn t A ch cha
1 nhm amin bc I. Vy cng thc ng ca A l
A. CH3CHCOOH. B. CH2COOH.
NH2 NH2
C. H2NCH2CH2COOH. D. CH3-NH-CH2-COOH
3.56. Khi thy phn polipeptit sau:
H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CHCO-NH-CH CO-NH- CH- COOH
CH2COOH CH2-C6H5 CH3
S amino axit khc nhau thu c l
A. 5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
3.57. t chy ht a mol mt amino axit A n chc bng mt lng oxi va ri ngng t nc c 2,5a
mol hn hp CO2 v N2. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. C2H7NO2. B. C3H7N2O4. C. C3H7NO2. D. C2H5NO2.
3.58. Cho cc poliamit sau:
(X) [ NH-(CH2)6-CO ]n
(Y) [ NH-(CH2)5-CO ]n
(Z) [ CO-(CH2)4-CO-NH-(CH2)6-NH ]n
Cng thc ca t nilon l
A. Z. B. Y, Z. C. X, Z. D. X, Y, Z.
3.59. Trung ho 1 mol - amino axit X cn 1 mol HCl to mui Y c hm lng clo l 28,286% v khi
lng. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. H2N CH2 CH2 COOH. B. CH3 CH(NH2) COOH.
C. H2N CH2 CH(NH2) COOH. D. H2N CH2 COOH.
3.60. Cng thc cu to ca alanin l
A. H2N CH2 CH2 COOH. B. C6H5NH2.
C. CH3 CH(NH2) COOH. D. H2N CH2 COOH.
3.61. Amino axit A cha x nhm COOH v y nhm-NH2. Cho 1 mol A tc dng ht dung dch HCl thu c
169,5 gam mui. Cho 1 mol A tc dng ht vi dung dch NaOH thu c 177 gam mui. Cng thc phn t
ca A l
A. C3H7NO2 B. C4H7NO4 C. C4H6N2O2 D. C5H7NO2
3.62. Hp cht no sau y khng phi l hp cht lng tnh ?
A. Amoni axetic B. Axit
-glutamicC. Alanin D. Anilin

41
3.63. C cc dung dch sau: C6H5-NH3Cl, H2N-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, ClH3N-CH2-COOH, HOOC-CH2-
CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, H2N-CH2-COONa.
S lng cc dung dch c pH < 7 l
A. 2 B. 3 C. 5 D. 4
3.64. Cho amino axit CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. Cht ny c th phn ng c vi cht no sau y?
A. (CH3CO)2O B. AgNO3/NH3
C. Ba(OH)2 D. C A, B, C
3.65. T 18 kg glyxin NH2CH2COOH ta c th tng hp c protein vi hiu sut 76% th khi lng
protein thu c l
A. 16,38 kg. B. 10,40 kg. C. 18,00 kg. D. 13,68 kg.
3.66. Cho 17,4 gam hn hp 2 amin n chc bc I c t khi so vi khng kh bng 2. Tc dng vi dung dch
FeCl3 d thu c kt ta, em nung kt ta n khi lng khng i c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
3.67. A l mt
-amino axit c mch C khng phn nhnh, trong phn t A ch cha nhm chc COOH v
-NH2, khng c nhm chc khc. Ly 0,02 mol A phn ng va vi 160 ml dung dch HCl 0,125M, to ra
3,67 gam mui. Mt khc, 4,41 gam A tc dng vi lng d NaOH th to 5,73 gam mui khan. Cng thc
cu to ca A l
A. HOOCCH2CH2CHCOOH.
NH2
B. HOOCCH2CHCH2 COOH.
NH2
C. H2NCH2COOH.
D. H2NCH2CHCOOH.
NH2
3.68. Hp cht hu c X l este to bi axit glutamic (axit - amino glutaric) v mt ancol bc nht. phn
ng ht vi 37,8 gam X cn 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. C2H3(NH2)(COOCH2- CH3)2
B. C3H5(NH2)(COOCH2- CH2- CH3)2
C. C3H5(NH2)(COOH)(COOCH2- CH2- CH3)
D. C3H5NH2(COOH)COOCH(CH3)2
3.69. chng minh amino axit l hp cht lng tnh ta c th dng phn ng ca cht ny vi
A. Dung dch KOH v dung dch HCl
B. Dung dch KOH v CuO
C. Dung dch HCl v dung dch Na2SO4
D. Dung dch NaOH v dung dch NH3
3.70. Thu phn mt on peptit c to ra t cc amino axit A, B, C, D, E c cu to l ADCBE. Hi thu
c ti a bao nhiu hp cht c lin kt peptit?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 8 D. 9
42
3.71. Thu phn hon ton 14,6 gam mt ipeptit X c cu to bi
-amino axit c 1 nhm NH2 v 1

nhm COOH bng dung dch NaOH, thu c sn phm trong c c 11,1 gam mt mui cha 20,72% Na v
khi lng. Cng thc ca X l
A. H2NCH2CONHCH2COOH.
B. H2N-CH(CH3)CO-NH-CH2COOH hoc H2N-CH2CO-NH- CH(CH3)COOH.
C. H2NCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH3)COOH.
D. H2N-CH(C2H5)CO-NHCH2COOH hoc H2N-CH2CO-NH-CH(C2H5)COOH.
3.72. Thu phn mt on peptit c to ra t cc amino axit A, B, C, D, E c cu to l ADCBE. Hi thu
c ti a bao nhiu ipeptit?
A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10
3.73. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH ln lt tc dng vi cc dung dch cha cc cht sau: HCl, NaOH, NaCl, NH3,
CH3OH, NH2-CH2-COOH. S phn ng c th xy ra l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.
3.74. Pht biu khng ng l
A. Trong dung dch, H2NCH2COOH cn tn ti dng ion lng cc H3N
+
CH2COO
-
.
B. Amino axit l nhng cht rn, kt tinh, tan tt trong nc v c v ngt.
C. Amino axit l hp cht hu c tp chc, phn t cha ng thi nhm amino v nhm cacboxyl.
D. Hp cht H2N-CH2-COOH3N-CH3 l este ca glyxin (hay glyxin)
3.75. t chy ht a mol mt amino axit X c 2a mol CO2 v 0,5a mol N2. X l
A. NH2-CH2-COOH. B. X cha 2 nhm -COOH trong phn t.
C. NH2-CH2-CH2-COOH. D. X cha 2 nhm NH2 trong phn t.
3.76. Cho glyxin tc dng vi dung dch HCl, trong dung dch thu c c mt nhng cation hu c no?
A.
-
2 3
Cl O CO CH N H
+
B.
COOH CH CH N H
+
) (
3 3
C.
OH
2 2 3
CO CH CH N H
+
D.
OH
2 3
CO CH N H
+
3.77. em trng ngng hn hp gm 22,5 gam glyxin v 44,5 gam alanin thu c m gam protein vi hiu
sut mi phn ng l 80%. Vy m c gi tr l:
A. 42,08 gam B. 38,40gam C. 49,20gam D. 52,60 gam
3.78. Cho dung dch sau: C6H5NH2 (X1); CH3NH2 (X2); H2N-CH2-COOH (X3); HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-
COOH (X4); H2N-(CH2)4-CH(NH2)-COOH (X5).
Nhng dung dch lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu xanh l
A. X1, X2 B. X3, X4 C. X2, X5 D. X1, X2, X3, X4, X5
3.79. Axit aminoaxetic tc dng c vi tt c cc cht trong dy no sau y?
A. Na, dung dch NaOH, dung dch Na2SO4.
B. Cu, dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl.
C. Na, dung dch HCl, dung dch Na2SO4.
D. Na, dung dch HCl, dung dch NaOH
43
3.80. Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N. Cht X tc dng c vi hn hp Fe + HCl to ra
mt amin bc 1, mch thng. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3-CH2-CH2NO2. B. CH2=CH-COONH4.
C. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-COOCH3.
3.81. T 23,2 gam NH2(CH2)6NH2 v mt lng va axit adipic ta tng hp c nilon- 6,6 vi hiu sut
80%. Khi lng ca nilon- 6,6 thu c l
A. 52,40 gam. B. 41,92 gam. C. 36,16 gam. D. 45,20 gam.
3.82. Hp cht C3H7O2N tc dng c vi NaOH, H2SO4 v lm mt mu dung dch nc brom. Vy CTCT
hp l ca cht ny l
A. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH B. NH2-CH2-CH2-COOH
C. CH2=CH-COONH4 D. A v B u ng
3.83. Khi t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X, thu c 8,4 lt kh CO2, 1,4 lt kh N2 (cc th tch kh o
ktc) v 10,125 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H7N. B. C3H9N. C. C4H9N. D. C2H7N.
3.84. -amino axit X cha mt nhm -NH2. Cho 10,3 gam X tc dng vi axit HCl (d), thu c 13,95 gam
mui khan. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X c th l
A. CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH. B. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
C. CH3CH(NH2)COOH. D. H2NCH2COOH.
3.85. Cu no di y khng ng?
A. Cc amin u c tnh baz
B. Tnh amin ca tt c cc baz u mnh hn NH3
C. Anilin c tnh baz yu hn NH3
D. Tt c cc amin n chc u cha mt s l nguyn t H trong phn t
3.86. Hp cht X c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht, va tc dng c vi axit va tc
dng c vi kim trong iu kin thch hp. Trong phn t X, thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca cc
nguyn t C, H, N ln lt bng 40,449%; 7,865% v 15,73%; cn li l oxi. Khi cho 4,45 gam X phn ng
hon ton vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH (un nng) thu c 4,85 gam mui khan. Cng thc cu
to thu gn ca X l
A. H2NCH2COO-CH3 B. H2NC2H4COOH
C. CH2=CHCOONH4 D. H2NCOO-CH2CH3
3.87. trung ha 25 gam dung dch ca mt amin n chc X nng 12,4% cn dng 100ml dung dch
HCl 1M. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H5N B. C3H7N C. CH5N D. C2H7N
3.88. T l s ngi cht v bnh phi do ht thuc l gp hng chc ln s ngi khng ht thuc l. Cht
gy nghin v gy ung th c trong thuc l l
A. Aspirin B. Moocphin C. Cafein D. Nicotin
3.89. Mt trong nhng im khc nhau ca protit so vi lipit v glucoz l
A. Protit lun cha nit B. Protit c khi lng phn t ln hn
44
C. Protit lun cha chc hiroxyl D. Protit lun l cht hu c no
3.90. C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn. Thuc th phn bit 3 cht
lng trn l
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Giy qu tm
C. Dung dch phenolphtalein D. Nc brom
3.91. Mt loi protit X c cha 4 nguyn t S trong phn t. Bit trong X, S chim 0,32% theo khi lng,
khi lng phn t ca X l
A. 5.10
4
B. 4.10
4
C. 3.10
4
D. 2.10
4
3.92. Thy phn hon ton 1mol peptit X c cc amino axit A, B, C, D, E mi loi 1mol. Nu thy phn
tng phn X c cc ipeptit v tripeptit AD, DC, BE, DCB. Trnh t cc amino axit trong X l
A. BCDEA B. DEBCA C. ADCBE D. EBACD
3.93. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?
A. Cho vi git CuSO4 v dung dch NaOH vo dung dch lng trng trng th dung dch chuyn sang mu
xanh tm
B. Cho HNO3 c vo dung dch lng trng trng th thy xut hin kt ta trng, khi un si th kt ta
chuyn sang mu vng
C. Axit lactic c gi l axit bo
D. Lipit l mt hp cht este
3.94. Cho m gam hn hp X gm NH3, CH5N, C2H7N bit s mol NH3 bng s mol C2H7N em t chy hon ton
thu c 20,16 lit CO2(ktc) v x mol H2O. Vy gi tr ca m v x l
A. 13,95g v 16,20g C. 16,20g v 13,95g
B. 40,50g v 27,90g D. 27,90g v 40,50g
3.95. S lng ipeptit c th to thnh t hai amino axit alanin v glyxin l
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
3.96. Sn phm cui cng ca phn ng thy phn protein l
A. H2N-CH2-COOH B. H2N-(CH2)2-COOH
C. Cc
-amino axit D. NH3, CO2, H2O

3.97. Cho qu tm vo dung dch ca tng amino axit sau: Axit
,
- iamino butiric, axit glutamic, glyxin,
alanin. S dung dch c hin tng i mu l
A. 1 B. 0 C. 2 D. 3
3.98. Cho 17,8 gam mt amino axit (gm 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH) tc dng vi 100ml NaOH 0,2M
c cn c m gam cht rn, cn khi cho lng amino axit trn tc dng vi 300ml HCl 0,1M c cn t t thu
c 25,1 gam cht rn. Cng thc amino axit v m l
A. C3H9O2N; 22,2 g B. C3H7O2N; 30,2g
C. C3H9O2N; 30,2 g D. C4H11O2N; 25,8g
45
3.99. Cho 44,1 gam axit glutamic tc dng vi 9,2 gam ancol etylic sau phn ng ch thu c mt sn phm
X cha mt nhm chc este. Tch X em phn ng hon ton vi NaOH th thy cn 200ml NaOH 0,8M.
Vy hiu sut phn ng este ho l
A. 40,0% B. 32,0% C. 80,0% D. 53,3%
3.100. t chy hon ton mt
- amino axit X thu c 2a mol CO2 v 0,5a mol N2 th kt lun no sau

y ng?
A. Amino axit X c cng thc NH2-CH2-COOH
B. Amino axit X c th l NH2-CH2-COOH hay CH3CH(NH2)CH(NH2)COOH.
C. Amino axit X c th l NH2-CH2-COOH hay C2H5C(NH2)2COOH.
D. C nhiu hn hai cng thc v cn ph thuc vo s nguyn t nit
B. P N
3.1 A 3.21 B 3.41 A 3.61 D 3.81 C
3.2 A 3.22 C 3.42 C 3.62 D 3.82 C
3.3 A 3.23 A 3.43 A 3.63 B 3.83 B
3.4 C 3.24 B 3.44 C 3.64 D 3.84 A
3.5 C 3.25 C 3.45 C 3.65 B 3.85 B
3.6 C 3.26 D 3.46 D 3.66 D 3.86 A
3.7 B 3.27 C 3.47 B 3.67 A 3.87 C
3.8 A 3.28 B 3.48 D 3.68 C 3.88 D
3.9 B 3.29 D 3.49 A 3.69 A 3.89 A
3.10 B 3.30 D 3.50 B 3.70 D 3.90 D
3.11 A 3.31 B 3.51 C 3.71 B 3.91 B
3.12 B 3.32 D 3.52 D 3.72 A 3.92 C
3.13 B 3.33 D 3.53 C 3.73 C 3.93 C
3.14 B 3.34 C 3.54 D 3.74 C 3.94 D
3.15 A 3.35 A 3.55 B 3.75 A 3.95 C
3.16 A 3.36 A 3.56 D 3.76 D 3.96 C
3.17 A 3.37 A 3.57 D 3.77 A 3.97 C
3.18 B 3.38 C 3.58 D 3.78 C 3.98 A
3.19 D 3.39 C 3.59 B 3.79 D 3.99 A
3.20 C 3.40 B 3.60 C 3.80 A 3.100 C
C. HNG DN GII
3.1. Cng thc ca benzen l CnH2n-6 , n 6
amin n chc bc 1 l CnH2n-7NH2 , n 6 p n A
3.2. Cng thc n gin nht ca X l (C2H5O2N)n , MX = 75 n = 1
p n A
3.3. Do A tc dng vi NaOH sinh ra kh B lm xanh qu A l mui.
RCOONH3-R + NaOH RCOONa + RNH2 + H2O
0,1
0,1
MA = 91. t chy B
CxHyN x CO2
0,05 0,05x x = 2 B l C2H7N p n A
46
3.4. Dung dch lm qu ho l 2 v 5 p n C
3.8. Tnh baz ph thuc nhiu vo nhm ht e (lm gim tnh baz) v nhm y e (lm tng tnh baz), tr
yu t cn tr khng gian p n A
3.10. C4H11N c CH3-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3 CH3-CH2-NH-CH2-CH3
CH3-CH-NH-CH3
CH3 p n B
3.11. V X c cu to i xng Y cng c cu to i xng
NaOOC-CH2-CH-CH2-COONa
NH3Cl
X l C2H5-OOC-CH2-CH-CH2-COOC2H5
NH2 p n A
3.12. O H
n
2
> nCO
2
l amin n chc nn
amin no
C
n
H
2n+3
N

+ O
2
nCO
2
+ (n + 3/2)H
2
O
n = 2 p n B
3.14. v phenol, anilin, amino axit n chc (1 nhm axit, 1 nhm amin) khng lm qu i mu
p n B
3.15. A tc dng vi HCl, NaOH t l 1 : 1 nn A l hp cht n chc CxHyO2N
% N =
73 , 15 100 .
14
A
M
MA = 89
x = 3 , y = 7 C3H7O2N m A l cht rn nn A l amino axit p n A
3.17. Ch c phenyl metylete, anilin, phenol lm mt mu dung dch brom
p n A
3.20. 0,01 mol X tc dng va ht vi 0,01 mol HCl
0,01 mol X tc dng va ht vi 0,02 mol NaOH
X c 2 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2
MX = 147 X l NH2C3H5(COOH)2 p n C
3.21.
p n B
3.22. Dng Cu(OH)2
- Glucoz ban u c mu xanh ca phc khi un nng cho kt ta gch
- Glixerin ch to phc nhit thng
- CH3CHO ban u khng hin tng, un nng cho kt ta gch
- Protit cho mu xanh c trng
- C2H5OH khng c hin tng p n C
3.23. Ch c metyl benzoat, phenyl amoni clorua, protein p n A
3.24. p n B (v nhm CH3O l nhm y e)
47

'
HCl d
Anilin
Benzen 2
Benzen (khng tan)
Anilin (tan)

N a O H
Anilin (khng tan)
NaOH d, NaCl, H
2
O
3.25. C 4 ng phn bc 1
p n C
3.26. mHCl phn ng = 18,35 14,7 = 3,65
nHCl = 0,1 mol = nX MX = 147
NH2-R(COOH)n + nNaOH NH2-R(COONa)n + nH2O
1 mol 1 mol ) ( 22 g n m
0,1 0,1 ) ( 4 , 4 7 , 14 1 , 19 g m
n = 2 vy X l HOCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COOH
NH2 p n D
3.28. C5H7O4NNa2 c mch C khng phn nhnh, nhm -NH2 ti v tr . Vy cng thc cu to l NaOCO-
CH2-CH2-CH-COONa
NH2
C8H5O4N c th l : CH3-OCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COOC2H5 (1)
NH2
C2H5OCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COOCH3 (2)
NH2
p n: B
3.29. C3H9O2N l mui amoni ca axit hu c vi amoniac hoc amin
CH3CH2COONH4 (1)
CH3COONH3-CH3 (2)
HCOONH3-C2H5 (3)
HCOONH2-CH3 (4)
CH3 p n D
3.30. t cng thc chung ca 2 amin l
N H C
n n 3 2 +
(n >1)
Phng trnh chy:
N H C
n n 3 2 +
+
4
3 6 + n
O2
n
CO2 +
2
3 2 + n
H2O
a (mol)
n
a
ta c h:
'
+
5 , 0 . n
10,4 17) n a.(14
a

'
5 , 2
2 , 0
n
a
vy 2 amin l C2H7N v C3H9N
p n D
3.31. MX = 51,5.2 = 103 v vy X c dng NH2RCOOCH3 R = 27 l ph hp
cu to ca A l: CH3-CH(NH2)COOH (alanin) p n B
3.33. Lp c cng thc phn t l C3H7O2N m X tc dng c vi H nguyn t
p n D
3.34. mHCl phn ng = 12,55 8,9 = 3,65 nHCl = 0,1
MX = 89 p n C (v l
-amino axit)
3.35. mNaOH d = 0,135 0,1 = 0,035 mmui = 14g Mmui = 140
MX = 140 22 =118 p n A
48
3.36. NH2R-COOH + HCl ClNH3RCOOH
a a
HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O
0,2-a 0,2-a 0,2-a
ClNH3RCOOH + 2NaOH NH2RCOONa + NaCl + H2O
a 2a
a = 0,1 R = 24 p n A
2
NH R
3
2
NH R + 3H2O + FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 + 3 Cl NH R
3

2Fe(OH)3

0
t
Fe2O3 + 3H2O
3 2
O Fe
n
= mol 05 , 0
160
8
n2 amin = 0,3 mol vy 2 amin c s mol bng nhau
M
= 38 c mt amin l CH3NH2 (M=31) gi khi lng phn t ca amin th hai l M ta c:
M
=
38
3 , 0
15 , 0 . 15 , 0 . 31
+ M
M = 45. p n A hoc D nhng l amin bc I nn amin th hai l C2H5NH2
p n A
2
NH R
2
2
3

4Fe(OH)2 +O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3
2Fe(OH)3

0
t
Fe2O3 + 3H2O
3 2
O Fe
n
= mol 1125 , 0
160
18
n2 amin = 0,45 mol vy khi lng hai amin l:
m = 0,45.
M
= 60.0,45 = 27 gam p n D
3.39. Khi trung ha RNH2 bng HCl s to ra mui, axit v amin u ht
RNH2 + HCl RNH3Cl mui ny c pH < 7 v l mui ca baz yu v axit mnh b thy phn cho mi trng
axit. p n C
3.41. t cng thc trung bnh
N H C
n n 3 2 +
gii ra
n
= 1,5 c CH3NH2 p n A
3.44. NH2-(CH2)n-COOH +
4
3 6 + n
O2 (n+1)CO2 +
2
3 2 + n
H2O
p n C
3.48. nhn xt: 0,01mol amino axit tc dung va 0,02 mol HCl to ra 0,01 mol mui amino axit c hai nhm
NH2
49
Mmui =
01 , 0
18 , 2
218 vy Mamino axit = 218 36,5.2 = 145 p n C
3.50. T (1) MX = 147 v c 1 nhm NH2
t (2) X c 2 nhm COOH p n B
3.51. Meste = 3,07.29 = 89 este n chc c dng RCOOCH3. vy R = 30
trong R c cha N nn R l: NH2-CH2 amino axit NH2-CH2COOH
p n A
3.53. Nhn xt: - 0,01 nol amino axit tc dng va 0,01 mol HCl
- 0,01 mol amino axit tc dng va 0,02 mol NaOH
amino axit c 1 nhm NH2 v 2 nhm COOH c dng NH2R(COOH)2
NH2R(COOH)2 + HCl ClNH3R(COOH)2
0,01 0,01
Mmui = 5 , 183
01 , 0
835 , 1
Mamino axit = 147 R = 41 (C3H5) p n C
3.55. t amino axit c 1 nhm NH2 t cng thc
CxHyOzN + )
2 4
(
z y
x + O2 x CO2 +
2
y
H2O +
2
1
N2
a xa 1/2a
xa: 1/2a = 1 : 4 vy x = 2 vi x=2 ch c amino axit NH2CH2COOH
p n B
3.57. CxHyO2N + O2 xCO2 +
2
1
N2 +
2
y
H2O
a xa
2
1
a
xa +
2
1
a = 2,5a x = 2 Ch c p n A hoc D c hai nguyn t cacbon m A khng th l amino axit
p n D
3.59. Gi cng thc ca amino axit l X c phn t khi l M
X + HCl XHCl
%Cl = 286 , 28 100 .
5 , 36
5 , 35
+ M
M = 89
cu to ca - amino axit X l CH3-CH(NH2)COOH p n B
3.65. nglyxin = mol 240
75
15000
nNH2-CH2-COOH [ NH-CH2-CO ]n + nH2O

240 mol 240 mol
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c
50
mprotein = 15000 240.18 = 13680 gam
v hiu sut l 76% nn
mprotein thc t = 13680. gam 10400
100
76
= 10,4 kg p n B
3.66. S mol ca 2 amin l n =
M
4 , 17
= mol 3 , 0
58
4 , 17
3
2
3
0,3 0,1 mol
2Fe(OH)3

0
t
Fe2O3 + 3H2O
0,1 0,05 m = 160. 0,05 = 8 gam p n D
3.67. 0,02 mol A tc dng va vi 0,02 mol HCl A c 1 nhm NH2
Mmui = 183,5 v MA = 147
Vy 4,41 gam A c 0,03 mol Mmui = 191
A c 2 nhm chc axit m mch C khng phn nhnh c nhm NH2 ti v tr
p n A
3.68. 1 mol X lun phn ng ht vi 2 mol NaOH MX =
189
2 , 0
8 , 37
gi s este c dng R1OOC-CH2-CH2-CH-COOR2

NH2
R1 + R2 = 44 ch c R1 l H v R2 l CH3CH2CH2 l ph hp
p n C
3.71. X c dng NH2-R1-CO-NH-R2COOH
Mui thu c l NH2-R-COONa m Na chim 20,72%
Vy cng thc mui l CH3-CH-COONa
NH2
Nu i peptit c cu to t 1 nhm amino axit v l
X c cu to t 2 amino axit khc nhau nx = n mui = 0,1
MX = 146 p n B
3.77. em trng ngng n mol amino axit th lun thu c n mol nc.
m nglyxin = mol 3 , 0
75
5 , 22
, nalanin = mol 5 , 0
89
5 , 44
Tng s mol amin l 0,8
O H
n
2
0,8 mol
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng mprotein = mamin -
O H
m
2
22,5 + 44,5 - 0,8.18
mprotein = 52,60 gam. V hiu sut l 80% nn thc t khi lng protein thu c l
mprotein = 52,60. gam 08 , 42
100
80
p n A
51
3.80. X phi c nhm NO2 gn vi C mch thng p n A

3.83. Ta c phng trnh chy l :
CxHyN + O2 xCO2 +
2
y
H2O +
2
1
N2
a xa
2
y
a
2
1
a
vy x = 3, y = 9 Cng thc amin l C3H9N p n B
3.86. T % cc nguyn t ta lp c cng thc C3H7NO2
X c dng RCOOR v X phn ng c vi NaOH
0,05 0,05
R = 30 , R = 15 X l CH2-COO-CH3
NH2
p n A
3.87. mamin = 3,1g, nHCl = namin = 0,1 Mamin = 31 p n C
2NH3 +
2
3
O2

N2 + 3H2O
y 3y/2
2C2H5N +
2
9
O2

2CO2 + 5H2O + N2
x x 5x/2
2C2H7N +
2
15
O2

4CO2 + 7H2O + N2
y 2y 7y/2
n
2
CO
= x+2y = 0,9 mol n
O H
2
=
2
10 5 y x +
= 2,25 m
O H
2
= 40,5 gam
m
X
= 17y + 31x + 45y = 31x + 62 y =
9 , 0
) 2 ( 31 y x +
= 27,9 gam
p n D
3.99. Phn ng este ha
HOCOC3H5(NH2)COOH + C2H5OH HOCOC3H5(NH2)COOC2H5 + H2O
0,3 0,2
Phn ng vi NaOH
HOCOC3H5(NH2)COOC2H5 + 2NaOH NH2C3H5 (COONa)2 + C2H5OH + H2O
0,08 0,16
Hiu sut phn ng este ha tnh theo C2H5OH: H =
% 40 100 .
2 , 0
08 , 0
52
p n A
CHNG 4. POLIME V VT LIU POLIME
A. BI TP
4.1. Khi nim ng v polime l
A. Polime l hp cht c to thnh t cc phn t ln
B Polime l hp cht c to thnh t cc phn t c phn t khi nh hn
C. Polime l sn phm duy nht ca phn trng hp hoc trng ngng
D. Polime l hp cht cao phn t gm n mt xch to thnh
4.2. Trong cc cht sau y cht no khng phi l polime
A. Tri stearat glixerol B. Nha bakelit
C. Cao su D. Tinh bt
53
4.3. Cht no di y khng th tham gia phn ng trng hp
A. Propilen B. Stiren
C. Propin D. Toluen
4.4. Sn phm ( C2H4-O-CO-C6H4-CO )n c to thnh t phn ng no sau y
A. C2H5OH + HOOC-C6H4-COOH
B. C2H5-COOH + HO-C6H4-OH
C. CH2=CH-COOH + HOOC-C6H4-COOH
D. HO-C2H4-OH + HOOC-C6H4-COOH
4.5. Cht c cng thc cu to sau c to thnh t phn ng
A. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 v CH2=CH-C6H5
B. CH2=CH2 v CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-C6H5
C. CH2=CH-CH3 v CH2=CH-CH2-C6H5
D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2 v CH2=CH-C6H5
4.6. T nilon-6 thuc loi t thuc loi t no sau y
A. T nhn to B. T t nhin
C. T poliamit D. T polieste
4.7. Xenluloz triaxetat c xem l
A. Cht do B. T tng hp
C. T nhn to D. T poliamit
4.8. Khi lng ca mt on mch t nilon-6,6 l 27346 u v ca mt on mch t capron l 17176 u. S
lng mt xch trong on mch nilon-6,6 v capron nu trn ln lt l
A. 113 v 152 B. 113 v 114 C. 121 v 152 D. 121 v 114
4.9. Da vo ngun gc, si dng trong cng nghip dt, c chia thnh
A. Si ho hc v si tng hp
B. Si ho hc v si t nhin
C. Si tng hp v si t nhin
D. Si t nhin v si nhn to
4.10. T 15kg metyl metacrylat c th iu ch c bao nhiu gam thu tinh hu c c hiu sut 90%?
A. 13500n (kg) B. 13500 g
C. 150n (kg) D. 13,5 (kg)
4.11. Khi t chy polime X ch thu c kh CO2 v hi nc vi t l s mol tng ng l 1 : 1. X l polime
no di y ?
A. Polipropilen B. Tinh bt
C. Polivinyl clorua (PVC) D. Polistiren (PS)
4.12. Polime c trng hp t etilen. Hi 280g polietilen c trng hp t ti thiu bao nhiu phn t
etilen?
54
( CH
2
- CH=CH-CH
2
-CH
2
-CH )
n
C
6
H
5
A. 3,01.10
24
B. 6,02.10
24

C. 6,02.10
23
D. 10
4.13. t chy hon ton mt lng polietilen, sn phm chy cho i qua bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d
thy xut hin 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng bnh thay i nh th no?
A. Tng 4,4g B. Tng 6,2g C. Gim 3,8g D. Gim 5,6g
4.14. Cho sn phm khi trng hp 1 mol etilen iu kin thch hp tc dng va 16g Brom. Hiu sut
phn ng trng hp v khi lng PE thu c l
A. 80%; 22,4 g B. 90%; 25,2 g
C. 20%; 25,2 g D. 10%; 28 g
4.15. Tin hnh phn ng trng hp 5,2 gam stiren, sau phn ng ta thm 400 ml dung dch nc brom
0,125M, khuy u cho phn ng hon ton thy d 0,04 mol Br2. Khi lng polime sinh ra l
A. 4,16 gam. B. 5,20 gam.
C. 1,02 gam. D. 2,08 gam.
4.16. Mt loi polime c cu to khng phn nhnh nh sau
-CH2-CH2 -CH2-CH2 -CH2-CH2 -CH2-CH2-
Cng thc mt mt xch ca polime ny l
A. -CH2- B. -CH2-CH2-CH2-
C. - CH2-CH2- D. -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-
4.17.Polime X c phn t khi l 280000 v h s trng hp n=10000. Vy X l
A. ( CH2-CH2 )n B. ( CF2-CF2 )n
C. ( CH2-CH(Cl) )n D. ( CH2-CH(CH3) )n
4.18: Qua nghin cu thc nghim cho thy cao su thin nhin l polime ca monome
A. buta-1,3-ien v stiren B. 2-metylbuta-1,3-ien
C. buta-1,3-ien D. buta-1,2-ien
4.19. Ch r monome ca sn phm trng hp c tn gi poli propilen (P.P)
A. ( CH2-CH2 )n B. CH2=CH-CH3
C. CH2=CH2 D. ( CH2-CH(CH3) )n
4.20: C 2,62g cao su buna-S phn ng va ht vi 1,6 gam brom trong CCl4. Hi t l s mt xch butaien
v stiren trong cao su buna-S l bao nhiu ?
A. 2/3 B. 1/3 C. 1/2 D. 3/5
4.21. Sn phm trng hp ca buta-1,3-ien vi CH2=CH-CN c tn gi thng thng:
A. Cao su B. Cao su buna
C. Cao su buna N D. Cao su buna S
4.22. Gii trng hp polime ( CH2CH(CH3)CH(C6H5)CH2 )n ta s c monome no sau y ?
A. 2-metyl3phenylbut-2-en B. 2metyl3phenylbutan
C. Propilen v stiren D. Isopren v toluen
4.23. Dng poli(vinylaxetat) c th lm c vt liu no sau y?
A. Cht do B. Polime C. T D. Cao su
55
4.24. Nhn xt v tnh cht vt l chung ca polime no di y khng ng ?
A. Hu ht l nhng cht rn, khng bay hi
B. Hu ht polime u ng thi c tnh do, tnh n hi v c th ko thnh si dai, bn.
C. a s nng chy mt khong nhit rng, hoc khng nng chy m b phn hu khi un nng
D. a s khng tan trong cc dung mi thng thng, mt s tan trong dung mi thch hp to dung dch nht
4.25. Hai cht no di y tham gia phn ng trng ngng vi nhau to t nilon- 6,6
A. Axit aipic v etylen glicol B. Axit picric v hexametyleniamin
C. Axit aipic v hexametyleniamin D. Axit glutamic v hexaetyleniamin
4.26. Polime no sau y c tn gi "t nilon" hay "olon" c dng dt may qun o m?
A. Poli(metylmetacrylat) B. Poliacrilonitrin
C. Poli(vinylclorua) D. Poli(phenol-fomanehit)
4.27. Poli(vinyl axetat) l polime c iu ch t sn phm trng hp monome no sau y:
A. CH2=CH-COOCH3 B. CH2=CH-COOH
C. CH2=CH-COOC2H5 D. CH2=CH-OCOCH3
4.28: Trong s cc polime tng hp sau y: nha PVC (1), caosu isopren (2), nha bakelit (3), thu tinh hu
c (4), t nilon-6,6 (5). Cc polime l sn phm trng ngng gm:
A. (1) v (5). B. (1) v (2) C. (3) v (4) D. (3) v (5).
4.29. git o bng len lng cu cn dng loi x phng c tnh cht no sau y ?
A. X phng c tnh baz B. X phng c tnh axit
C. X phng trung tnh D. Loi no cng c
4.30. Khi un nng, cc phn t alanin (axit -aminopropionic) c th to sn phm no sau y:
A. [ HN-CH2-CO ]n B. [ HN-CH(NH2)CO ]n
C. [ HN-CH(CH3)-CO ]n D. [ HN-CH(COOH)-CH2 ]n
4.31. Trong s cc polime sau: (1) t tm, (2) si bng, (3) si len, (4) t enang, (5) t visco, (6) t nilon, (7)
t axetat. Loi t no c cng ngun gc xenluloz?
A. (1), (2), (6) B. (2), (3), (7)
C. (2), (5), (7) D. (5), (6), (7)
4.32. Khi trng ngng phenol (C6H5OH) vi metanal (HCHO) d trong mi trng kim, to ra polime c cu
trc:
A. Dng mch khng phn nhnh B. Dng mch khng gian
C. Dng mch phn nhnh D. Dng mch thng
4.33. Trong mi trng axit v mi trng kim, cc polime trong dy sau u km bn:
A. T nilon- 6,6, t capron, t tm
B. Si bng, t capron, t nilon -6,6
C. Polistiren, polietilen, t tm
D. Nha phenol-fomaehit, poli(vinyl clorua), t capron
4.34. Poli (etyl acrylat) c iu ch bng cch trng hp monome no sau y
56
A. CH2=CHCOOCH2CH3. B. CH2=CHOOCCH3.
C. CH3COOCH=CHCH3. D. CH2=CH-CH2OOCH
4.35. Dy gm cc polime c dng lm t si l
A. Tinh bt, xenluloz, nilon-6,6
B. Xenluloz axetat, poli(vinyl xianua), nilon-6,6
C. PE, PVC, polistiren
D. Xenluloz, protein, nilon-6,6
4.36. Ti nilon dng trong sinh hot thng ngy c cu to ch yu t polime:
A. Nilon-6 B. Nilon-7
C. Polietilen (PE) D. Poli(vinyl clorua) (PVC)
4.37. Polime l cc phn t rt ln hnh thnh do s trng hp cc monome. Nu propen CH2=CHCH3 l
monome th cng thc ca polime tng ng c biu din l
A. ( CH2CH2 )n B. ( CH2CH2CH2 )n
C. ( CH2CH(CH3) )n D. ( CH2(=CH2) CH2 )n
4.38: iu no sau y khng ng?
A. T tm, bng, len l polime thin nhin.
B. T visco, t axetat l t tng hp.
C. Cht do l nhng vt liu b bin dng di tc dng ca nhit v p sut m vn gi nguyn bin dng
khi thi tc dng.
D. Nilon-6,6 v t capron l poliamit
4.39. Thu tinh hu c l sn phm trng hp ca monome:
A. Etyl acrylat B. Metyl acrylat
C. Metyl metacrylat D. Etyl metacrylat
4.40. Trong cc Polime: PVC, PE, amilopectin trong tinh bt, cao su lu ho. S polime c cu trc mng
khng gian l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3
+
D. 4
4.41. Khi tin hnh ng trng hp buta-1,3-ien v acrilonitrin thu c mt loi cao su buna-N cha 8,69%
nit. Tnh t l s mol buta-1,3-ien v acrolonitrin trong cao su
A. 1:2 B. 1:1 C. 2:1 D. 3:1
4.42. Trong cc loi t: t tm, t visco, t xenluloz axetat, t capron, t nilon- 6,6. S t tng hp l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
4.43. Polime no d b thu phn trong mi trng kim ?
A. ( CH2-CH2 )n B. ( CH2-CH2-O )n
C. ( HN-CH2-CO )n D. ( CH2-CH=CH-CH2 )n
4.44. Khi trng hp buta-1,3- ien th thu c ti a bao nhiu loi polime mch h ?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
57
4.45. Hy chn cc cht c th trng hp hoc trng ngng thnh polime:
CH3COOH(1), CH2=CH-COOH(2), NH2-R-COOH(3), HCHO(3), C2H4(OH)2(4), C6H5NH2 (5), C6H5OH (6).
A. 2, 3, 4 B. 2, 3, 4, 6
C.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 D. 2, 3, 4, 6
4.46. Phenol khng phi l nguyn liu iu ch
A. Nha baketit B. Axit picric
C. 2,4 - D v 2,4,5 - T D. Thy tinh hu c
4.47. Hy chn pht biu sai ?
A. Thnh phn chnh ca cao su thin nhin l poliisopren dng ng phn cis.
B. Thnh phn chnh ca cao su thin nhin l poliisopren dng ng phn trans
C. Cao su thin nhin c tnh n hi cao hn cao su Buna.
D. C th ci tin tnh cht c hc ca cao su Buna.
4.48: Mnh no sau y khng ng:
A. H s polime ha cng ln th khi lng polome cng ln
B. Nhiu polime c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp, trng ngng, ng trng hp hay ng trng
ngng.
C. Ty phn ng m mch polilme co th b thay i
D. Ty thuc vo iu kin phn ng m tt c cc cht n chc cng c th trng hp thnh polime
4.49. Cao su thin nhin l polime no sau y:
A. ( CH2-CH=CH-CH2 )n C. ( CH2-C=CH-CH2 )n
CH3
B. ( CH2-C=CH-CH2 )n D. ( CH2CH )n
Cl CH=CH2
4.50: Khi iu ch cao su Buna, ngi ta cn thu c mt sn phm ph l polime c nhnh no sau y?
A. ( CH2 CH CH2 )n B. ( CH2 CH )n
CH3 CH = CH2
C. ( CH2 C = CH2 )n D. ( CH2 CH )n
CH3 CH3
4.51. M t khng ng v cu trc mch ca cc polime l
A. PVC (poli (vinyl clorua)) c dng mch thng
B. Amilopectin c dng mch phn nhnh
C. PVA (poli (vinyl axetat)) c dng mch phn nhnh
D. Cao su lu ha c dng mch mng li khng gian
4.52. Nhn xt no sau y ng khi tng hp t capron (nilon-6)
Cch 1. T m gam -aminocaproic vi hiu sut 100%
Cch 2. t m gam caprolactam vi hiu sut 86,26%
58
A. Khi lng t capron hai cch l nh nhau
B. Khi lng t capron thu cch mt ln hn cch hai
C. Khi lng t capron thu cch hai ln hn cch mt
D. Khng th so snh c v phn ng tng hp l khc nhau
4.53. Clo ho PVC c mt loi t clorin cha 63,96% clo. Trung bnh 1 phn t Cl2 tc dng c vi:
A. 2 mt xch PVC B. 1 mt xch PVC
C. 3 mt xch PVC D. 4 mt xch PVC
4.54. Polime no sau y l sn phm ca phn ng trng ngng?
(1) tinh bt (C6H10O5)n, (2) cao su (C5H8)n, (3) t tm (NHRCO)n.
A. (1). B. (3). C. (1), (2). D. (1), (3).
4.55. Cho cc phng trnh phn ng sau:
(1) CH2 = C(CH3) CH = CH2 polime.
(2) CH2 = CH CH3 + C6H5 CH = CH2 polime.
(3) H2N (CH2)6 COOH H2O + polime.
(4) C6H5OH + HCHO H2O + polime.
Cc phn ng trn, phn ng no l phn ng trng ngng?
A. (1), (2). B. (3), (4). C. (3) D. (1), (4).
4.56. Polime X trong phn t ch cha C, H v c th c O. H s trng hp ca phn t X l 1800, phn t
khi l 122400. X l
A. Cao su isopren B. PE (polietilen)
C. PVA (poli(vinyl axetat)) D. PVC (poli (vinyl clorua))
4.57. Polime ( CH2 CH CH2 C = CH - CH2 )n
CH3 CH3
c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp monome:
A. CH2 = CH CH3. B. CH2 = C CH = CH2.
CH3
C. CH2 = CH CH = CH2. D. C A v B.
4.58. PVC c iu ch t kh thin nhin theo s sau:
CH4 C2H2 CH2 = CHCl PVC.
Nu hiu sut ton b qu trnh iu ch l 20% th th tch kh thin nhin (ktc) cn ly iu ch 1 tn
PVC l (xem kh thin nhin cha 100% metan v th tch):
A. 1792 m
3
. B. 2915 m
3
. C. 3584 m
3
. D. 896 m
3
.
4.59. T nilon- 6,6 c iu ch t cht no sau y bng phng php trng ngng:
A. Hexametyleniamin v axit terephtalic.
B. Axit aipic v hexametyleniamin.
C. Axit - aminocaproic.
D. Glixin v alanin.
59
4.60: Ch ra pht biu sai:
A. T bn tng hp hay t nhn to (xut pht t polime thin nhin nhng c ch bin thm bng phng
php ho hc) nh t visco, t xenluloz, t capron,...
B. T tng hp (ch to t cc loi polime tng hp) nh nilon- 6,6, t lapsan, t nitron,...
C. T t nhin (sn c trong t nhin) nh bng, len, t tm.
D. Polime dng sn xut t phi c mch cacbon khng nhnh, xp song song, khng c, c kh nng
nhum mu, mm dai.
4.61. Cao su t nhin l polime ca isopren cn cao su nhn to (cao su Buna) l polime ca buta- 1,3-ien.
Chn pht biu ng trong cc pht biu sau?
(1) Cao su thin nhin c tnh n hi hn cao su Buna.
(2) Cao su thin nhin c cu trc ng u hn cao su Buna.
(3) C th ci tin tnh cht c hc ca cao su Buna.
A. (1) B. (2) C. (1), (2), (3) D. (1), (2)
4.62. Chn pht biu ng:
(1) Polistiren dng mch thng.
(2) Khi trng hp stiren nu c thm mt t ivinylbenzen th sn phm c c cu mng khng gian.
(3) T l ivinylbenzen : stiren cng ln th polime thu c cng cng.
A. (1) B. (2) C. (3) D. (1), (2), (3)
4.63. Chn pht biu sai:
(1) S lu ho cao su thin nhin c c l do trn mch cacbon cn c lin kt i.
(2) C th dng C thay S nhm tng cng ca cao su.
(3) Lng S dng trong phng php lu ha cao su cng cao, cao su cng n hi.
A. (1) B. (2) C. (3) D. (1), (2), (3)
4.64. Hirocacbon X c cng thc phn t C4H6, X c dng iu ch cao su nhn to. X l
A. buta-1,2-ien B. but-2-in
C. buta-1,3-ien D. but-1-in
4.65. T clorin c cng thc cu to vn tt l
A. [ CH2CH ]n B. [ CH2CHCHCH ]n
Cl Cl Cl Cl
C. [ CH2C=CHCH2 ]n D. [ CH2CH=CHCH2CHCH2 ]n
4.66. Polime c tn l polipropilen c cu to mch nh sau:
- CH2- CH- CH2- CH- CH2- CH- CH2- CH- CH2-
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
Cng thc chung ca polime l
A. ( CH2 )n B. ( CH2 CH )n
CH3
C. ( CH2CHCH2 )n D. ( CH2CHCH2CHCH2 )n
CH3 CH3 CH3
60
4.67. Phn ng no cho di y l phn ng m mch ca polime b ct ra:
A. Cao su isopren + HCl
B. PVC + Cl2 t clorin
C. poli (vinyl axetat) + NaOH d
D. t capron + H2O

OH
4.68: Dy polime no sau y khng th trc tip iu ch bng phng php trng hp:
A. Cao su buna, cao su isopren, cao su cloropren, cao su buna-S.
B. PE, PVC, thy tinh hu c, poli stiren, t capron.
C. Nilon-6,6, t axetat, t tm, tinh bt, poli(vinyl ancol)
D. PVA, t capron, cao su buna-N, polipropilen.
4.69. Khng nh no sau y khng ng khi ni v s lu ha cao su?
A. Bn cht qu trnh lu ha cao su l to ra nhng cu ni(-S-S-)
B. Cao su lu ha c cu to mng khng gian
C. Cao su lu ha c nhng tnh cht hn hn cao su th nh bn i vi nhit n hi hn lu mn, kh tan
trong dung mi hu c
D. Nh s lu ha m cao su c nhng tnh cht vt l hn cao su th nh: tnh n hi, tnh do, bn vi tc
ng ca mi trng
4.70: Khi trng hp buta-1,3-ien (xc tc, p, t
0
) th khng th sinh ra cht no di y?
A. [ CH2CH = CHCH2 ]n B. [ CH2 - CH ]n
C. D.
4.71. Cao su cloropren c iu ch t monome no sau y:
A. CH2=CCl-CCl=CH2 B. CH2=C(CH2Cl)-CH=CH2
C. CH2=CCl-CH=CH2 D. CH3-CH=CH-CH2Cl
4.72. Trong s cc polime sau: t nhn, xenluloz, si capron, nha phenol-fomanehit, poliisopren, len lng
cu, poli (vinyl axetat). S cht khng bn, b ct mch polime khi tip xc vi dung dch kim l
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 2
4.73. Trong cc polime c cng s mt xch sau y, polime no c khi lng phn t ln nht?
A. Poli (vinyl axetat) B. T capron
C. Thu tinh hu c D. Polistiren
4.74. T xenluloz v cc cht xc tc cn thit c th iu ch c loi t no?
A. T nilon B. T axetat C. T capron D. T enang
4.75. Trong cc polime c cng s mt xch sau y, polime no c khi lng phn t nh nht?
A. Poli (vinyl axetat) B. T capron
C. Thu tinh hu c D. Polistiren
4.76. Poli (metyl metacrylat) l sn phm trng hp ca monome:
A. CH2=CHCl. B. CH2=CHCOOCH3.
61
CH = CH
2
- CH = CH
2
- CH = CH
2
C. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3. D. CH2=C(CH3)COOC2H5.
4.77. Cho s :
(X) (Y) poli (vinyl ancol)
Cc cht X,Y trong s trn khng th l
A. CH CH, CH2=CHOH. C. CH3COOCH=CH2, poli (vinylaxetat)
B. CH2=CHCl, Poli (vinylclorua) D. B v C
4.78: Trong th chin th II ngi ta phi iu ch cao su buna t tinh bt theo s sau:
Tinh bt

Glucoz

Ancol etylic

Buta-1,3-ien

Caosu buna
T 10 tn khoai cha 80% tinh bt iu ch c bao nhiu tn caosu buna? (Bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh l
60%)
A. 3,1 tn B. 2,0 tn C. 2,5 tn D. 1,6 tn
4.79. Nhng polime no sau y c th c iu ch bng phng php trng hp: PVC, Nilon-6,6, t
capron, thy tinh hu c, t axetat, caosu Buna, PE
A. PVC, thy tinh hu c, caosu Buna, PE
B. PVC, t capron, thy tinh hu c, caosu Buna, PE
C. PVC, , t axetat, caosu Buna, PE
D. Nilon-6,6, t capron, t axetat, caosu Buna
4.80. Dy gm cc cht c dng tng hp cao su Buna-S l
A. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, lu hunh B. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, CH3-CH=CH2
C. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2 D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2
4.81. Aminoaxit X c cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2. X c th trc tip to ra c bao nhiu kiu lin kt
peptit
A. 2 B. 3 C. 5. D. 4
4.82. Dy gm cc polime dng lm t si l
A. tinh bt, xeluloz, nilon-6
B. xenluloz diaxetat, poli (vinyl xianua), nilon-6,6
C. PE , PVC, Polistiren
D. xenluloz, protein, nilon-6,6
4.83. em trng hp 10,8 gam buta-1,3-ien thu c sn phm gm caosu buna v buta-1,3-ien d. Ly 1/2
sn phm tc dng hon ton vi dung dch Br2 d thy 10,2 g Br2 phn ng.Vy hiu sut phn ng l
A. 40% B. 80% C.60% D.79%
4.84. Buta-1,3-ien l monome tng hp cao su buna. T nguyn liu no khng th trc tip c
monome ?
A. C2H5OH B. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
C. CH3COONa C. CH2=CH-COONa
4.85. Nguyn liu trc tip iu ch t lapsan (thuc loi t polieste) l
A. Etilen glicol v axit aipic B. Axit terephtalic v etilen glicol
62
C. Axit
- aminocaproic D. Xenluloz trinitrat

4.86. ABS l polime kt hp c cc u im v cng v bn ca cu t nha vinyl vi dai v sc
va p ca thnh phn cao su, c to ra bng phn ng polyme ha qua li gia acrilonitrin (nitrin acrilic)
vi buta-1,3-ien v stiren. Cng thc phn t ca cc monome to ra ABS l
A. C3H3N, C4H6, C8H8 B. C2H3N, C4H6, C8H8
C. C2H3N, C4H6, C8H6 D. C3H3N, C4H6, C8H6
4.87. Cho cc polime sau: ( CH2-CH2 )n, ( CH2-CH=CH-CH2 )n, ( NH-CH2-CO )n. Cng thc ca cc monome
khi trng hp hoc trng ngng to ra cc monome trn ln lt l
A. CH2=CH2, CH2=CH-CH=CH2, H2N-CH2-COOH
B. CH2=CH2, CH3-CH=CH-CH3, H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH
C. CH2=CH2, CH3-CH=C=CH2, H2N-CH2-COOH
D. CH2=CHCl, CH3-CH=CH-CH3, CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH
4.88. Trng hp hon ton vinyl clorua thu c PVC c khi lng phn t 7,525.10
22
u. S mt xch -CH2-
CHCl- c trong PVC ni trn l
A. 12,04.10
21
B. 12,04.10
22
C. 12,04.10
20
D. 12,04.10
23
4.89. Trong s cc loi t sau
[ NH-(CH2)6-NH-CO-(CH2)4-CO ]n (1)
[ NH-(CH2)5-CO ]n (2)
[ C6H7O2(OOCCH3)3 ]n (3)
T thuc loi poliamit l
A. (1), (2), (3) B. (2), (3) C. (1), (2) D. (1), (3)
4.90. Cho cc cht sau: phenylamoniclorua, natri phenolat, vinyl clorua, ancol benzylic, este phenyl benzoat v t
nilon-6,6. Tng s cht tc dng c vi NaOH un nng l
A. 6. B. 5 C. 4 D. 3
4.91. Trng hp hon ton 16,8 gam etilen thu c polietilen (PE). S mt xch
-CH2-CH2- c trong lng trn PE l
A. 3,614.10
23
B. 3,720.10
23
C. 12,460.10
23
D. 4,140.10
22
4.92. Phn ng lu ha cao su thuc loi phn ng
A. Gi nguyn mch polime B. Gim mch polime
C. ipolime ha D. Tng mch polime
4.93. Polime X trong phn t ch cha C, H v c th c O. H s trng hp ca phn t X l 1800, phn t
khi l 154800. X l
A. Cao su isopren B. PE (polietilen)
C. PVA (poli (vinyl axetat)) D. PVC (poli(vinyl clorua))
63
COOCH
3
4.94. Dy hp cht no sau y ch cha t nhn to ?
A. T capron, t axetat, t visco
B. T axetat, t visco, t ng - amoniac
C. T polieste, t visco, t ng - amoniac
D. T polieste, t visco, t axetat
4.95. Cht no sau y l nguyn liu sn xut t visco ?
A. Xenluloz B. Caprolactam C. Vinyl axetat D. Alanin
4.96. Polime no sau y khng b thy phn trong mi trng kim ?
A. PVA (poli (vinyl axetat) B. T nilon - 6,6
C. T capron D. Cao su thin nhin
4.97. Cch phn loi no sau y ng ?
A. Cc loi vi si, si len u l t thin nhin
B. T capron l t nhn to
C. T visco l t tng hp
D. T xenluloz axetat l t ha hc
4.98: Cht no di y khng th trc tip tng hp c cao su ?
A. ivinyl B. Isopren C. Clopren D. But-2-en
4.99. Nha phenol-fomaehit c iu ch bng cch un nng phenol (d) vi dung dch no sau y ?
A. CH3CHO trong mi trng axit B. CH3COOH trong mi trng axit
C. HCOOH trong mi trng axit D. HCHO trong mi trng axit
4.100. Khi trng ngng a gam axit aminoaxetic vi hiu sut 80%, ngoi aminoaxit d ngi ta cn thu c
m gam polime v 2,88 gam nc. Gi tr ca m l
B. P N
4.1 D 4.21 C 4.41 C 4.61 C 4.81 D
4.2 A 4.22 C 4.42 B 4.62 D 4.82 B
4.3 D 4.23 A 4.43 C 4.63 B 4.83 B
4.4 D 4.24 B 4.44 C 4.64 C 4.84 C
4.5 D 4.25 C 4.45 B 4.65 B 4.85 B
4.6 C 4.26 B 4.46 D 4.66 B 4.86 A
4.7 C 4.27 D 4.47 B 4.67 D 4.87 A
4.8 C 4.28 D 4.48 D 4.68 C 4.88 C
4.9 B* 4.29 C 4.49 C 4.69 D 4.89 C
64
COOCH
3
4.10 B 4.30 C 4.50 B 4.70 C 4.90 B
4.11 A 4.31 C 4.51 C 4.71 C 4.91 A
4.12 B 4.32 B 4.52 A 4.72 B 4.92 D
4.13 B 4.33 A 4.53 C 4.73 B 4.93 C
4.14 B 4.34 A 4.54 B 4.74 B 4.94 B
4.15 A 4.35 B 4.55 B 4.75 A 4.95 A
4.16 C 4.36 C 4.56 A 4.76 C 4.96 D
4.17 A 4.37 C 4.57 D 4.77 A 4.97 D
4.18 B 4.38 B 4.58 C 4.78 D 4.98 D
4.19 B 4.39 C 4.59 B 4.79 B 4.99 D
4.20 C 4.40 B 4.60 A 4.80 D 4.100 D
C. HNG DN GII
4.8. M
6 , 6 nilon
= 226.x x = 121
Mcapron = 113.y y = 152 p n C
nCH2= C-COOCH3

0
,t xt
( CH2 = C ) n
Khi lng metyl metacrylat l 15 kg th khi lng ca thy tinh hu c l 15 kg nhung hiu sut phn ng
l 90% nn
m = 15000
100
90
= 13500 gam p n B
4.12. thu c 280 gam poli etilen cn 280 gam etilen
netilen = mol 10
28
280
. S phn t etilen = 10.6,023.10
23
=6,023.10
24
p n B
4.13. Ta c
2
CO
n
=
3
CaCO
n
= 0,1 mol
Mt khc t poli etilen th s mol H2O bng s mol CO2. Khi lng bnh tng ln chnh l khi lng ca
H2O v CO2 hp th vo dung dch:
m = 0,1.44 + 0,1.18 =6,2 gam p n B
4.14. Sn phm trng hp etilen lm mt mu dung dch brom nn etilen d
C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2
0,1 0,1
Hiu sut phn ng trng hp l: H = % 90 100 .
1
1 , 0 1
Khi lng polime bng khi lng etilen trung hp = 0,9.28 = 25,2 gam
p n B
4.15. Tng t 4.14. ta c
C6H5CH=CH2 + Br2 C6H5CHBr-CH2Br
0,01 0,01
Khi lng polime = 5,2- 0,01.104 = 4,16 gam p n A
65
COOCH
3
CH
3
CH
3
4.20. Gi cng thc thu gn cao su buna-S l
[CH2-CH=CH-CH2]a[CH2-CH(C6H5)]b vi s mol l x
Phng trnh ha hc:
(CH2-CH=CH-CH2)a[CH2-CH(C6H5)]b + aBr2
Ta c: (54a + 104b).x = 2,62 a.x = 0,01
2
1
b
a
p n C
4.41. Gi cng thc thu gn cao su buna-N l
[CH2-CH=CH-CH2]a[CH2-CH(CN)]b
%N = 69 , 8 100 .
53 54
14
+ b a
b

1
2
b
a
p n C
4.53. Gi s mt xch ca PVC tc dung c mt phn t clo l n: (C2H3Cl)n hay C2nH3nCln
Phng trnh ha hc: C2nH3nCln + Cl2 C2nH3n-1Cln+1 + HCl
%Cl =
96 , 63 100 .
) 1 .( 5 , 35 1 3 2 . 12
) 1 .( 5 , 35
+ + +
+
n n n
n
gii ra n = 3 p n C
4.56. Phn t khi ca mt mt xch l M = 68
1800
122400
ch c monome isopren l ph hp polime l
cao su isopren p n A
4.58. S phn ng l: 2CH4 C2H2 CH2 = CHCl PVC
5 , 62
2
5 , 62
1
V hiu sut l 20% nn nmetan =
5 , 62
10
20
100
.
5 , 62
2
Th tch kh thin nhin l V= 3,584

Sn xut 1 gam PVC th cn 3,584 lt. Vy sn xut 1tn PVC cn 3584m
3

p n C
4.78. Ta c s
(C6H10O5)n

nC6H12O6

2nC2H5OH

nC4H6

(C4H6)n
100
80
.
162
10
n

100
80
.
162
10
n
Khi lng cao su buna m =
100
60
. 54 .
100
80
.
162
10
n
n
= 1,6 tn p n D
4.83. n CH2=CH-CH=CH2
xt t
o
,
( CH2-CH=CH-CH2 )n
a a/n
(C4H6)n + nBr2

(C4H6Br2)n
a/n a
C4H6 + 2Br2

C4H6Br4
0,1-a 0,2-2a
66
0,2 - 2a +a = 0,12
H =
1 , 0
08 , 0
.100 = 80% p n B
4.88. S mt xch ca PVC l
n =
20
22
10 . 04 , 12
5 , 62
10 . 525 , 7
p n C
4.91. S mt xch ca polietilen bng s phn t etilen em trng hp
netilen = mol 6 , 0
28
8 , 16
; s mt xch =0,6.6,013.10
23
= 3,614.10
23
p n A
4.93. Phn t khi ca mt mt xch l M = 86
1800
154800
ch c metyl acrylat l ph hp polime l PVA
(poli (vinyl axetat)) p n C
4.100. mol n
O H
16 , 0
18
88 , 2
2

Phng trnh ha hc n NH2CH2COOH

0
,t xt
[ NH-CH-CO ]n + n H2O
0,16 0,16
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng
mpolime = mamino axit - mnc = 0,16.75 0,16.18 = 9,12 gam p n D
CHNG 5. I CNG V KIM LOI
A. BI TP
5.1. Lin kt kim loi l lin kt c hnh thnh do:
A. S gp chung electron ca cc nguyn t
B. Cc electron t do trong kim loi phn x tt nhng tia sng ti
C. a s kim loi u gi tia sng ti trn b mt kim loi
D. Tt c cc kim loi u c cu to tinh th
5.2. Nguyn nhn lm cho cc kim loi c nh kim l
A. Kim loi hp th c tt c cc tia sng ti
B. Cc electron t do trong kim loi phn x tt nhng tia sng ti
C. a s kim loi u gi tia sng ti trn b mt kim loi
D. Tt c cc kim loi u c cu to tinh th
5.3. Kim loi c tnh cht vt l chung l dn in, dn nhit, do v c nh kim. Nguyn nhn ca nhng tnh
cht vt l chung ca kim loi l do:
A. Trong tinh th kim loi c nhiu electron c thn.
B. Trong tinh th kim loi c cc ion dng chuyn ng t do.
C. Trong tinh th kim loi c cc electron chuyn ng t do.
D. Trong tinh th c nhiu ion dng kim loi
5.4. Kim loi khc nhau c dn in, dn nhit khc nhau. S khc nhau c quyt nh bi
67
A. Khi lng ring kim loi
B. Kiu mng tinh th khc nhau
C. Mt electron khc nhau
D. Mt ion dng khc nhau
5.5. Phng php nhit luyn thng dng iu ch
A. Cc kim loi hot ng mnh nh Ca, Na, Al
B. Cc kim loi hot ng yu
C. Cc kim loi hot ng trung bnh
D. Cc kim loi hot ng trung bnh v yu
5.6. Cho cc kim loi Mg, Al, Pb, Cu, Ag. Cc lim loi y c Fe ra khi Fe(NO3)3 l
A. Mg, Pb v Cu B. Al, Cu v AgC. Pb v Al D. Mg v Al
5.7. Trong s cc kim loi sau : Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Na, Ba, Ag, Sn, Al s kim loi tc dng c vi cc dung
dch HCl v dung dch H2SO4 long nhiu nht l
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
5.8. Trong s cc kim loi sau: Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Na, Ba, Ag, Pb, Al s kim loi tc dng c vi dung dch
Ba(OH)2 nhiu nht l
A. 8 B. 6 C. 4 D. 5
5.9. Cho 3,45g mt kim loi tc dng vi H2O sinh ra 1,68lt H2 (ktc). Kim loi c th l kim loi no
trong cc kim loi sau:
A. Li B. Na C. K D. Rb
5.10. Clo v axit HCl tc dng vi kim loi no th cng to ra mt hp cht?
A. Fe B. Cu C. Ag D. Zn
5.11. Nhng mt l Fe nh vo dung dch d cha mt trong nhng cht sau
FeCl3, AlCl3, CuSO4, Pb(NO3)2, NaCl, HNO3, H2SO4 (c, nng), NH4NO3. S trng hp phn ng ch to ra
mui Fe(II) l
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
5.12. Dung dch X cha 5 loi ion Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, Ca
2+
v 0,2 mol Cl
-
v 0,2mol NO3
-
. Thm dn V lt dung dch
K2CO3 1M vo dung dch X n khi c lng kt ta ln nht, V c gi tr l
A. 150ml B. 200ml C. 250ml D. 300ml
5.13. Magie c th chy trong kh CO2, to ra mt cht bt mu en. Cng thc ho hc ca cht ny l
A. C B. MgO C. Mg2C D. MgCO3
5.14. Ho tan hon ton 7,8g hn hp gm Mg v Al vo dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng thy khi lng
dung dch tng ln 7,0g. S mol axit HCl tham gia phn ng trn l
A. 0,8mol B. 0,08mol C. 0,04mol D. 0,4mol
5.15. Cho Al t t n d vo dung dch hn hp Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3, Mg(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3 th th t cc ion b
kh l
A. Fe
3+
, Ag
+
, Cu
2+
, Mg
2+
B. Ag
+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, Mg
2+
68
C. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
D. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Mg
2+
5.16. Ho tan 20g hn hp gm hai kim loi Fe v Cu vo dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng, c cn dung dch
c 27,1g cht rn. Th tch cht kh thot ra ktc l
A. 8,96lt B. 4,48lt C. 2,24lt D. 1,12lt
5.17. Kim loi M phn ng c vi: dung dch HCl, dung dch Cu(NO3)2, dung dch HNO3 (c, ngui).
Kim loi M l
A. Fe B. Al C. Zn D. Ag
5.18. Ho tan hon ton 4,68g hn hp mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi X v Y k tip nhau trong nhm IIA
vo dung dch HCl thu c 1,12lit CO2 ktc. Kim loi X v Y l
A. Be v Mg B. Mg v Ca C. Ca v Sr D. Sr v Ba
5.19. Ho tan hon ton 28,3g hn hon gm mt mui cacbonat ca mt kim loi ho tri I v mt mui
cacbonat kim loi ho tr II trong axit HCl d th to thnh 4,48lt kh (ktc) v dung dch X. C cn dung
dch X th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 26,1g B. 28,6g C. 29,4 g D. 30,5g
5.20. Km tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long, thm vo vi git dung dch CuSO4. La chn hin tng
bn cht trong cc hin tng sau:
A. n mn kim loi B. n mn in ho hc
C. Hiro thot ra mnh hn D. Mu xanh bin mt
5.21. Cho 21,6g mt kim loi cha bit ho tr tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c 6,72 lt N2O (ktc).
Kim loi l
A. Na B. Zn C. Mg D. Al
5.22. Kh CO v H2 khng th dng lm cht kh iu ch kim loi no sau y
A. Fe B. Cu C. Al D. Sn
5.23. Ho tan ht 38,60g hn hp gm Fe v kim loi M trong dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 14,56lt kh
H2(ktc). Khi lng hn hp mui clorua khan thu c l
A. 48,75g B. 84,75g C. 74,85g D. 78,45g
5.24. Ho tan ht hn hp bt gm m gam Cu v 4,64 gam Fe3O4 vo dung dch H2SO4 long, d, sau phn
ng hon ton thu c dung dch X. Dung dch X lm mt mu va 100 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,1M. Gi
tr ca m l
5.25. C th dung dung dch no sau y tch Ag ra khi hn hp cht rn gm: Fe, Pb, Cu, Ag m khng
lm thay i khi lng Ag?
A. HCl B. NaOH C. AgNO3 D. Fe(NO3)3
5.26. Cho 19,2g kim loi M tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c 4,48lt kh NO (ktc). Cho NaOH d
vo dung dch thu c, lc ly kt ta nung n khi lng khng i thu c m gam cht rn.Gi tr ca m
l
A. 24,0g B. 24,3g C. 48,0g D. 30,6g
69
5.27. in phn dung dch hn hp AgNO3, Cu(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)2. Cc kim loi ln lt xut hin ti catot theo
th t :
A. Cu Ag Fe B. Ag Cu Fe
C. Fe Cu Ag D. Ag Fe Cu
5.28. Ho tan 4,59g Al bng dung dch HNO3 thu c hn hp kh NO v N2O c t khi hi i vi hiro
bng 16,75. Th tch NO v N2O thu c l
A. 2,24lt v 6,72lt B. 2,016lt v 0,672lt
C. 0,672lt v 2,016lt D. 1,972 lt v 0,448lt
5.29. Cho cc cht sau : Cl2(1), I2(2) dung dch HNO3 long (3), dung dch H2SO4 m c ngui(4), dd
AgNO3(5), dd NH4NO3(6). Vi ho cht no trong cc ho cht trn th Fe tc dng to ra sn phm l hp
cht Fe(III)?
A. (1), (2), (3), (5), (6) B. (1), (3), (4), (5)
C. (1), (3), (5) D. (1), (2), (4), (6)
5.30. iu ch Ca t CaCl2 ngi ta s dng phng php no sau y
A. Nhit luyn B. Thu luyn
C. in phn nng chy D. in phn dung dch
5.31. Kim loi c nhit nng chy cao nht l
A. Au B. Ag C. W D. Cs
5.32. Ho tan 9,14g hn hp Cu, Mg, Fe bng mt lng d dung dch HCl thu c 7,84lt kh A (ktc),
2,54g cht rn B v dung dch C. C cn dung dch C thu c m gam mui, m c gi tr l
A. 31,45 B.40,59 C. 18,92 D. 28,19
5.33. Cho 14,5g hn hp Mg, Fe tc dng dung dch H2SO4 long, d thot ra 6,72lt H2 (ktc). C cn dung
dch sau phn ng thu c m (g) mui khan. m c gi tr l
A. 34,3g B. 43,3g C. 33,4g D. 33,8g
5.34. Cho a mol Fe vo dung dch cha b mol AgNO3, a v b c gi tr nh th no thu c Fe(NO3)3 sau
phn ng?
A. a = 2b B. 3a > b C. b 3a D, a < 2b
5.35. tch ring cc cht khi hn hp gm Fe, Cu, Al cn phi dng cc ho cht no sau y l thch hp
nht:
A. dung dch HCl v HNO3 B. NaOH v HCl
C. HCl v CuCl2 D. H2O v H2SO4
5.36. Cho t t bt st vo 50ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2M, khuy nh cho ti khi dung dch mt mu xanh.
Lng mt st dng l
A. 1.6g B. 0,056g C. 0,56g D. 6,4g
5.37. Mt mu Na c to nn t 1,204.10
23
t bo c s ca mng tinh th lp phng tm khi, khi lng
ca mu Na l
A. 4,6g B. 64,4g C. 36,8g D. 41,4g
5.38. Mnh no sau y l sai ?
70
A. Trong mt chu k, bn knh ca cc nguyn t kim loi ln hn bn knh cc nguyn t phi kim
B. Cu, Zn, Fe u c th iu ch c t nguyn liu oxit bng phng php nhit luyn
C. Cc kim loi ch c s oxit ho +1, +2, +3
D. Cc kim loi chim phn ln cc nguyn t trong HTTH
5.39. Cho 1,35g hn hp gm Cu, Mg, Al tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 thu c hn hp kh gm 0,01
mol NO v 0,04 mol NO2. Khi lng mui to ra trong dung dch phn ng l
A. 5,69g B. 3,79g C. 8,53g D. 9,48g
5.40. Cho m gam Al tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO3 th thy thot ra 11,2lt ( ktc) hn hp kh A gm
3 kh N2, NO, N2O c t l s mol tng ng l 2:1:2. Gi tr m l
A. 2,7g B. 16,8g C. 3,51g D. 35,1g
5.41. Ho tan m gam hn hp X gm Mg, Al vo HNO3 c ngui, d th thu c 0,336 lt NO2 ( 0
0
C,
2atm). Cng m gam hn hp X trn khi ho tan trong HNO3 long d, th thu c 0,168 lt NO ( 0
0
C,
4atm). Gi tr ca m l
A. 0,855gam B. 0,765gam C. 0,900gam D. 1,020gam
5.42. Nguyn t no l kim loi trong cc nguyn t c cu hnh e nh sau:
X1 : [Ar]3d
3
4s
2
; X2 : [Ne]3s
2
3p
5
; X3 : [Ar]4s
1
; X4 : [Kr]4d
10
5s
2
5p
5
X5: [Ar]3d
8
4s
2
A. C 5 nguyn t B. X1, X4, X3
C. X1, X3, X5 D. X3
5.43. Ho tan ht 7,44g hn hp Al v Mg trong th tch va l 500ml dung dch HNO3 long thu c
dung dch A v 3,136lt ( ktc) hn hp hai kh (t l mol 1:1) c khi lng 5,18g, trong c mt kh b
ho nu trong khng kh. Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Al v Mg ln lt l
A. 18,2% v 81,8% B. 35,5% v 64,5%
C. 72,58% v 27,42% D. 96,3% v 3,7%
5.44. Phn ng no sai trong cc phn ng sau ?
Ba + dd FeSO4 BaSO4 + Fe (I)
Fed + 3AgNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 3Ag (II)
3Mg + 2AlCl3 3MgCl2 + 2Al (III)
Cu + Fe2(SO4)3 CuSO4 + 2FeSO4 (IV)
6Ag + O3 Ag2O (V)
2Ag + Cl2

2AgCl (VI)
A.(II)(V)(VI) B. (I), (II), (III), (V)
C. (I), (III) D. (I), (IV), (V)
5.45. Cho 27,4g Ba vo 500g dung dch hn hp (NH4)2SO4 1,32% v CuSO4 2% ri un nng ui ht
NH3. Sau khi kt thc tt c cc phn ng ta thu c kh A, kt ta B v dung dch C. Th tch kh A ( ktc)
A. 6,72lt B. 2,24lt C. 4,48lt D. 3,36lt
5.46. Cho cc cht Na2O, Fe2O3, Cr2O3, Al2O3, CuO. S oxit b H2 kh khi nung nng l
A. 4 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2
71
5.47. Cho cc mui Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3, NH4NO3, KNO3 s mui b nhit phn to ra kh NO2 l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
5.48. Nhng mt l st nng 8g vo 500ml dung dch CuSO4 2M. Sau mt thi gian ly l st ra cn li thy
nng 8,8g. Xem th tch dung dch khng thay i th nng mol/lt ca CuSO4 trong dung dch sau phn
ng l
A. 1M B. 1,8M C. 1,725M D. 1,25M
5.49. Qu trnh sau khng xy ra s n mn in ho
A. Vt bng Al - Cu trong khng kh m
B. Cho vt bng Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 long cho thm vi git dung dch CuSO4
C. Phn v tu bng Fe ni vi tm Zn trong nc bin
D. Nung vt bng Fe ri nhng vo H2O
5.50. Cc nguyn t kim loi c mt electron c thn trng thi c bn l
A. Cu, Na, Al B. Al, Ca, K C. Na, Fe, Al D. H, Na, K
5.51. Ho tan hon ton 9,28g hn hp X gm Mg, Al, Zn vi s mol bng nhau trong mt lng va
H2SO4 c, nng thu c dung dch Y v 0,07mol mt sn phm A duy nht cha lu hunh. A l
A. H2S B. S C. SO3 D. SO2
5.52. Ho tan 19,2g kim loi M trong H2SO4 c, nng d thu c SO2. Cho kh nay hp th trong 1lt dung
dch NaOH 0,7M, Sau phn ng em c cn dung dch thu c 41,8g cht rn. M l
A. Ca B. Fe C. Cu D. Mg
5.53. un nng l bc cho vo bnh kh ozon. Sau mt thi gian thy khi lng l bc tng ln 2,4g. Khi
lng O3 phn ng vi l bc l
A. Nh hn 2,4g B. Ln hn 2,4g
C. Bng 2,4g D. A v C ng
5.54. Nhng thanh Cu vo dung dch cha 0,02mol Fe(NO3)3. Khi Fe(NO3)3 phn ng ht th khi lng thanh
Cu thay i l
A. Khng i B. tng 0,64g C. gim 0,64g D. gim 1,2g
5.55. Ln lt cho tng kim loi Mg, Ag, Fe v Cu (c s mol bng nhau), tc dng vi lng d dung dch
H2SO4 c nng. Khi phn ng hon ton th th tch SO2 thot ra t nht (trong cng k) l t kim loi :
A. Mg B. Ag C. Fe D. Cu
5.56. Ho tan ht hn hp hai kim loi A, B trong dung dch HCl d, thm tip vo lng d NH3. Lc tch kt
ta, nhit phn kt ta ri in phn nng chy cht rn th thu c kim loi A. Thm H2SO4 va vo dung
dch nc lc, ri in phn dung dch thu c th sinh ra kim loi B. A v B l cp kim loi:
A. Al v Fe B. Ag v Zn C. Zn v Cu D. Al v Zn
5.57. Ho tan ht 1,08g hn hp Cr v Fe trong dung dch HCl long, nng thu c 448ml kh (ktc). Khi
lng Cr c trong hn hp l
A. 0,52g B. 0,258g C. 0,56g D. 0,75g
5.58. Ho tan ht 7,3g hn hp Na, Al (dng bt) cho vo nc ch thu c dung dch nc lc v 0,25 mol
H2. S mol Na trong hn hp l
72
A. 0,125mol B. 0,2mol C. 0,25mol D. 0,1mol
5.59. in phn dung dch cha a mol NaCl v b mol CuSO4 vi in cc tr mng ngn xp n khi H2O
u b in phn 2 cc th dng li, dung dch thu c lm xanh qu tm. Vy:
A. a = b B. a = 2b C. a < 2b D. a > 2b
5.60 : Ho tan hon ton 14,8g hn hp kim loi Fe v Cu vo lng d dung dch hn hp HNO3 v H2SO4
c, nng. Sau phn ng thu c 10,08 lt kh NO2 v 2,24 lt kh SO2(ktc). Khi lng Fe trong hn hp
ban u l
A. 8,4g B. 4,8g C. 5,6g D. 6,4g
5.61. Cho hn hp gm ba kim loi A, B, C c khi lng 2,17g tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl to ra 1,68lt
kh H2 (ktc). Khi lng mui clorua trong dung dch sau phn ng l
A. 7,495g B. 7,945g C. 4,833g D. 7,459g
5.62. Trong s cc kim loi Ag, Hg, Cu, Pb, Au, Pt th nhng kim loi no khng tc dng vi O2
A. Ag, Hg, Cu, Pb, Au, Pt B. Au, Pt
C. Ag, Hg, Pt, Pb, Au D. Ag, Hg, Au, Pt
5.63. Mt hn hp X gm Na v Ba c khi lng l 32g. X tan ht trong nc cho ra 6,72 lt kh H2 (ktc). Khi
lng Na v Ba c trong hn hp ln lt l
A. 4,6g v 27,4g B. 2,3g v 29,7g
C. 2,7g v 29,3g D. 2,8g v 29,2g
5.64. Cho cc kim loi sau: Al, Ag, Cu, Zn, Ni. S kim loi y c Fe ra khi mui Fe(III) l
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
5.65. iu ch Al kim loi ta c th dng phng php no trong cc phng php sau y :
A. Dng Mg y AlCl3 ra khi mui
B. Dng CO kh Al2O3
C. in phn nng chy Al2O3
D. in phn dung dch AlCl3
5.66. Ngm mt l km trong dung dch c ho tan 8,32g CdSO4. Phn ng xong, khi lng l km tng
2,35%. Khi lng l Zn trc khi tham gia phn ng l
A. 80,0g B. 130,0g C. 32,5g D. 18,8g
5.67. Ngm mt l st trong dung dch CuSO4. N bit khi lng Cu bm trn l st l 9,6g th khi lng
l st sau khi ngm tng thm bao nhiu gam so vi ban u?
A. 1,2g B. 8,4g C. 6,4g D. 9,6g
5.68. Nhng mt thanh km nng m gam vo dung dch CuBr2. Sau mt thi gian, ly thanh km ra, ra nh
sy kh, cn li thy khi lng thanh gim 0,28g, cn li 7,8g km v dung dch phai mu. Gi tr m l
A. 13,0g B.26,0g C. 51,2g D. 18,2g
5.69. Cho 150ml dung dch NaOH 7M vo 100ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 1M, S mol cc cht trong dung dch
thu c sau phn ng l
A. 0,2mol NaAlO2; 0,3mol Na2SO4 ;0,25mol NaOH
B. 0,1mol Al2(SO4); 0,45 mol Na2SO4; 0,2 mol NaAlO2
73
C. 0,2 mol NaOH ; 0,2 mol NaAlO2; 0,45 mol Na2SO4
D. 0,2mol Al(OH)3; 0,3mol Na2SO4 ;0,45mol NaOH
5.70. Cho m (g) kim loi Na vo 200g dung dch Al2(SO4)3 1,71%. Sau khi phn ng xong thu c 0,78g kt
ta. Gi tr m l
A. 0,69g hoc 1,61g B. 6,9g hoc 1,61g
C. 0,69g D. 1,61g
5.71. Khi in phn dung dch hn hp MgCl2, FeCl3, CuCl2 th th t b kh ti catt l
A. Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, Mg
2+
, H2O B. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Mg
2+
, H2O
C. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
, H2O D. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
, Mg
2+
5.72. Cho d hn hp Na, Mg vo 73,6g dung dch H2SO4 26,63% th th tch kh H2 thot ra ( ktc )l
A. 33,60lt B. 4,57lt C. 4,48lt D. 38,08 lit
5.73. Nng phn trm ca dung dch thu c sau khi hon ton ht 34,5g Na trong 150g nc l
A. 27,90% B. 32,79% C. 28,27% D, 32,52%
5.74. Cho hn hp A gm Al, Zn, Mg. em oxi ho hon ton 28,6g A bng oxi d c 44,6g hn hp oxit
B. Hon ton ht B trong dung dch HCl c dung dch D. C cn D c lng mui khan l
A. 99,6g B. 49,8g C. 64,1 g D. 73,2g.
5.75. Cho 11,3g hn hp A gm Mg, Zn tan ht trong 600ml dung dch HCl 1M(va ) th thu c dung
dch D. Cho t t dung dch NaOH vo dung dch D c lng kt ta ln nht. Lc ly kt ta em nung
nhit cao n khi lng khng i, c m(g) cht rn khan gi tr m l
A. 18,4g B. 27,6g C. 23,2g D. 16,1g
5.76. Cho 2,55g hn hp bt X gm Al, Fe, Cu phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c 1,68lt H2 (ktc),
dung dch B v cht rn C. Cho C tc dng vi HCl d sinh ra 0,224lt kh H2 (ktc), dung dch E v cht rn
F. Phn trm v khi lng ca Al, Fe, Cu trong dung dch X ln lc l
A. 21,1%; 59,2%; 19,7% B. 52,94%; 21,1%; 25,96%
C. 25,96%; 21,1%; 52,94% D. 25,96%; 52,94%; 21,1%
5.77. t m gam bt Al trong bnh kn cha y kh Cl2 d. Phn ng xong thy khi lng cht rn trong bnh
tng 106,5g. Khi lng Al tham gia phn ng l
A. 21,60g B. 21,54g C. 27,00g D. 81,00g
5.78. Hon ton hn hp A gm 13,7 g Ba v 8,1 g Al vo mt lng nc c d th th tch kh thot ra
ktc l
A. 12,32 lt B. 8,96 lt C. 2,24 lt D. 15,68 lt.
5.79. Cho hn hp A gm a mol Al v 0,2 mol Al2O3 thu c vi dung dch NaOH d thu c dung dch B.
Dn kh CO2 d vo dung dch B thu c kt ta D. Lc ly kt ta D ri em nung en khi lng khng
i thu c 40,8g cht rn E. Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,4 mol B. 0,2 mol C. 0,1 mol D. 0,8 mol.
5.80. Hon ton m gam bt Al vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c 6,72 lt ( ktc), hn hp 2 kh A, B khng mu,
khng ho nu ngoi khng kh (bit MA > MB), c t l th tch tng ng l 2:1. Gi tr m l
A. 8,1g B, 24,3g C. 23,4g D. 14,4g.
74
5.81. Cho 2,16g bt nhm tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long lnh th thu c 0,448 lt N2 ktc v mt
dung dch B. Khi lng mui nitrat to ra trong dung dch B l
A. 17,44gam B. 14,78gam C. 11,36 gam D. 17,04 gam.
5.82. Cho mt lng dung NH3 vo dung dch X cha hai mui AlCl3 v FeSO4 c kt ta A. Nung A c
cht rn B. Cho kh H2 d i qua B nung nng c cht rn C. Thnh phn cht rn C gm
A. Al v Fe B. Al2O3 v Fe
C. Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 D. Al2O3, FeO
5.83. in phn (vi in cc Pt) 200ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 n khi bt u c kh thot ra catot th dng
li. yn cho n khi khi lng ca catot khng i thy khi lng catot tng 3,2g so vi lc trc in
phn. Nng mol/lt Cu(NO3)2 trc in phn l
A. 0,1M B. 0,25M C. 0,5M D. 1,0M
5.84. in phn (vi in cc Pt) 100ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 2M n khi bt u c kh thot ra catot th
dng li. yn cho n khi khi lng ca catot khng i th khi lng catot thay i nh th no ?
A. tng 3,2g B. tng 6,4g C. tng 12,8g D. tng 9,6 gam
5.85. in phn dung dch CuSO4 0,1M th pH ca dung dch s thay i :
A. Ban u tng sau gim
B. Ban u gim sau khng i
C. Ban u gim nhanh sau gim chm
D. Ban u khng i sau gim chm
5.86. in phn c mng ngn dung dch gm NaCl, HCl c thm mt t qu tm th hin tng khi in phn
l
A. Ban u qu mu tm xanh
B. Ban u qu mu tm xanh
C. Ban u qu mu xanh tm xanh
D. Ban u qu mu tm
5.87. Khi cho bt Zn (d) vo dung dch HNO3 thu c hn hp kh A gm N2O v N2. Khi phn ng kt
thc, cho thm NaOH vo li thy gii phng hn hp kh B. Hn hp kh B l
A. H2, NO2 B. H2, NH3 C. N2, N2O D. NO, NO2
5.88. Hai nguyn t X v Y ng k tip nhau trong mt chu k c tng s ht mang in trong hai ht nhn l
25. V tr ca X v Y trong Bng tun hon l
A. Chu k 3 v cc nhm IA v IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm I v II)
B. Chu k 2 v cc nhm IIA v IIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II v III)
C. Chu k 3 v cc nhm IIIA v IVA (phn nhm chnh nhm III v IV)
D. Chu k 3 v cc nhm IIA v IIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II v III)
5.89. Tin hnh bn th nghim sau
- Th nghim 1: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch FeCl3
- Th nghim 2: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch CuSO4
- Th nghim 3: Nhng thanh Cu vo dung dch FeCl3
75
- Th nghim 4: Cho thanh Fe tip xc vi thanh Cu ri nhng vo dung dch HCl
S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 3
5.90. Xt ba nguyn t c cu hnh electron ln lt l
X: 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
1
; Y: 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
; Z: 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
1

Hiroxit ca X, Y, Z xp theo th t tng dn tnh baz l
A. XOH < Y(OH)2 < Z(OH)3 B. Y(OH)2 < Z(OH)3 < XOH
C. Z(OH)3 < Y(OH)2 < XOH D. Z(OH)2 < Y(OH)3 < XOH
5.91. Mt hn hp X gm M v oxit MO ca kim loi y. X tan va trong 0,2 lt dung dch H2SO4 0,5M
cho ra 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Bit khi lng ca M trong hn hp X bng 0,6 ln khi lng ca MO trong hn
hp y. Kim loi M, khi lng M v MO trong X l
A. Mg; 1,2 gam Mg v 2 gam MgO
B. Ca; 2 gam Ca v 2,8 gam CaO
C. Ba; 6,85 gam Ba v 7,65 gam BaO
D. Cu; 3,2 gam Cu v 4 gam CuO
5.92. in phn 200ml dung dch CuCl2 sau mt thi gian ngi ta thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) anot. Ngm
inh st sch trong dung dch cn li sau khi in phn, phn ng xong thy khi lng inh st tng 1,2 gam.
Nng mol/lit ban u ca dung dch CuCl2 l
A. 1,2M B. 1,5M C. 1,0M D. 0,75M
5.93. Ho tan 45,9 gam kim loi M bng dung dch HNO3 long thu c hn hp kh gm 0,3 mol N2O v
0,9 mol NO. Kim loi M l
A. Mg B. Fe C. Al D. Zn
5.94. Dn hai lung kh clo i qua hai dung dch KOH: dung dch I long v ngui, dung dch II c, un nng
ti 80
o
C. Nu lng mui KCl sinh ra trong hai dung dch bng nhau th t l th tch kh clo i qua hai dung
dch KOH I v II l
A. 5/6 B. 6/3 C. 10/3 D. 5/3
5.95. Phng php thu luyn dng tch vng, s dng cc ha cht no ?
A. HNO3c nng, Zn B. H2SO4c nng , Zn
C. Dung dch NaCN, Zn v H2SO4 long D. Hn hp (H2SO4 v HNO3), Zn
5.96. Cho a mol kim loi Mg phn ng va vi dung dch cha b mol HNO3 thu c dung dch cha hai
mui v khng thy kh thot ra. Vy a, b c mi quan h vi nhau l
A. 5a = 2b B. 2a = 5b C. 8a = 3b D. 4a = 3b
5.97. Nhng ion no di y c th tn ti trong cng mt dung dch?
A. Na
+
, Mg
2+
, OH
-
, NO3
-
B. Ag
+
, H
+
, Cl
-
, SO4
2-
C. HSO4
-
, Na
+
, Ca
2+
, CO3
2-
D. OH
-
, Na
+
, Ba
2+
, Cl
-
5.98. Cho c mol Mg vo dd cha ng thi a mol Zn(NO3)2 v b mol AgNO3. iu kin cn v dung
dch sau phn ng ch cha mt mui l
76
A. 2c> b + 2a B. 2c b a 2 + C. c a
b
+
2
D. c a + b
5.99. Dy sp xp cc cp oxi ha kh: Fe
2+
/Fe (1), Zn
2+
/Zn (2), Cu
2+
/Cu (3), Ag
+
/Ag (4), Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
(5) theo
chiu tng dn tnh oxi ho ca dng oxi ho v gim dn tnh kh ca dng kh l
A. (1), (3), (2), (4), (5) B. (3), (1), (2) , (4), (5)
C. (4), (5), (2), (3), (1) D. (2), (1), (3), (5), (4)
5.100. Khi vt bng gang, thp b n mn in ho trong khng kh m, nhn nh no sau y ng?
A. Tinh th st l cc dng, xy ra qu trnh kh.
B. Tinh th st l cc m, xy ra qu trnh oxi ho
C. Tinh th cacbon l cc dng, xy ra qu trnh oxi ho
D. Tinh th cacbon l cc m, xy ra qu trnh oxi ho
5.101. C hai bnh in phn mc ni tip, in cc tr :
Bnh 1 ng dung dch AgNO3, bnh 2 ng dung dch KCl(c mng ngn). Sau mt thi gian in phn,
trong mi bnh mui vn cn d, catot bnh 1 thot ra 10,8gam Ag th anot bnh 1 v anot bnh 2 thot ra
cc kh vi th tch tng ng (ktc) l
A. O2 (0,56 lt) v Cl2 (1,12 lt) B. O2 (1,12 lt) v Cl2 (0,56 lt)
C. O2 (5,6 lt) v Cl2 (11,2 lt) D. O2 (0,56 lt) v H2 (1,12 lt)
5.102. bo v v tu bin lm bng thp, phn v tu ngm trong nc bin thng c ngi ta gn cht
nhng tm kim loi:
A. Zn B. Pb C. Cu D. Fe
5.103. Kt lun no sau y khng ng?
A. Cc thit b my mc bng kim loi tip xc vi hi nc nhit cao c kh nng b n mn ho hc.
B. Ni thnh km vi v tu thu bng thp th v tu thu c bo v
C. vt bng thp ra ngoi khng kh m th vt b n mn in ho.
D. Mt ming v hp lm bng st ty (st trng thic) b xy xt bn trong, trong khng kh m th
thic s b n mn trc.
5.104. Cho cc cht rn Cu, Fe, Ag v cc dung dch CuSO4, FeSO4. Fe(NO3)3. S cp xy ra phn ng l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
5.105. Trong cc cht Na, Al2O3, CaO, Fe, Fe3O4 s cht tc dng c vi H2O nhit thng l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
5.106. Cho cc cht: Fe, Al, dung dch AgNO3, dung dch NaOH ln lt tc dng vi nhau, c nhiu nht bao
nhiu phn ng oxi ho - kh xy ra?
A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 4
5.107. Cho dy ion sau: Fe
2+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, H
+
, Ag
+
, I

. Cc ion c sp xp theo chiu tnh oxi ho gim dn t
tri sang phi l
A. I

, Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, H
+
, Fe
2+
B. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, H
+
, Fe
2+
, I

C. Ag
+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, H
+
, Fe
2+
, I

D. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, I

, H
+
, Fe
2+
77
5.108. Nhit phn hon ton hn hp gm x mol AgNO3 v y mol Cu(NO3)2 c hn hp kh c M = 42,5 u.
T s x/y bng:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4.
5.109. Trong cc nhn nh sau, nhn nh no l sai?
A. Tt c cc nguyn t khi d l kim loi
B. Mt s nguyn t khi p l phi kim
C. Tt c cc nguyn t khi s l kim loi
D. Tt c cc nguyn t khi f l kim loi
5.110. im ging nhau gia n mn ho hc v n mn in ho l:
A. u c s trao i electron nn pht sinh dng in
B. u ch xy ra vi kim loi nguyn cht
C. u b tc dng ca O2 khng kh
D. u xy ra phn ng oxi ho - kh
B. P N
5.1 A 5.21 D 5.41 C 5.61 A 5.81 A 5.101 A
5.2 B 5.22 C 5.42 C 5.62 D 5.82 B 5.102 A
5.3 C 5.23 B 5.43 C 5.63 A 5.83 D 5.103 D
5.4 C 5.24 C 5.44 B 5.64 A 5.84 A 5.104 C
5.5 C 5.25 D 5.45 A 5.65 C 5.85 C 5.105 D
5.6 D 5.26 A 5.46 B 5.66 A 5.86 B 5.106 D
5.7 C 5.27 B 5.47 B 5.67 A 5.87 B 5.107 B
5.8 D 5.28 B 5.48 B 5.68 B 5.88 D 5.108 A
5.9 B 5.29 C 5.49 D 5.69 A 5.89 B 5.109 C
5.10 D 5.30 C 5.50 A 5.70 A 5.90 C 5.110 D
5.11 A 5.31 C 5.51 A 5.71 C 5.91 A 5.111
5.12 B 5.32 A 5.52 C 5.72 D 5.92 C 5.112
5.13 A 5.33 B 5.53 B 5.73 B 5.93 C 5.113
5.14 A 5.34 C 5.54 C 5.74 A 5.94 D 5.114
5.15 D 5.35 B 5.55 B 5.75 D 5.95 C 5.115
5.16 C 5.36 C 5.56 D 5.76 B 5.96 A 5.116
5.17 C 5.37 D 5.57 A 5.77 C 5.97 D 5.117
5.18 B 5.38 C 5.58 B 5.78 B 5.98 C 5.118
5.19 D 5.39 A 5.59 D 5.79 A 5.99 D 5.119
5.20 C 5.40 D 5.60 A 5.80 C 5.100 B 5.120
C. HNG DN GII
2M + 2nH2O

2M(OH)n + nH2
n
15 , 0
0,075
78
M =
n n 23 .
15 , 0
45 , 3

M l Na p n B
5.12. Gi s mol ca Mg
2+
,Ba
2+
,Ca
2+
l x, y, z
ta c 2x + 2y + 2z = 0,4

x + y + z = 0,2 mol
M
2+
+ CO3
2

MCO3
0,2 0,2
mol n
CO K
2 , 0
3 2
V = 0,2 lt = 200ml p n B
5.14. Ho tan 7,8 gam Al, Mg vo HCl d m khi lng dung dch tng 7 gam

2
H
m
= 7,8 - 7 = 0,8
gam,
2
H
n
= 0,4 mol
HCl
n = 0,8 mol
p n A
5.16. Khi lng clo trong 27,1 gam cht rn l
m = 27,1 20 = 7,1 nCl =
1 , 0 2 , 0
5 , 35
1 , 7
2

H
n mol
V = 24,4 lt p n C
5.18. t cng thc 2 mui
3
CO M
O H CO Cl M HCl CO M
2 2 2 3
2 + + +
0,05 0,05
3 , 96
05 , 0
68 , 4
60 + M
6 , 33 M Mg v Ca
p n B
5.19. p dng phng php tng gim khi lng
m = (71 - 60)a = 11a
m a = 0,2

m = 2,2 gam
khi lng mui clorua = 28,3 + 2,2 = 30,5 gam p n D
5.12. Phng trnh ho hc
8M + 10nHNO3

8M(NO3)n + nN2O + 5nH2O
n
4 , 2
0,3
M =
4 , 2
8 , 21 n
= 9n vy M l Al p n D
5.23. p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng
m = 84,75 gam p n B
5.24. phng trnh ho hc
Fe3O4 + 4H2SO4

FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + 4H2O
0,02 0,02 0,02
79
Cu + Fe2(SO4)3

CuSO4 + 2FeSO4
x x x 2x
10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4

5Fe2(SO4)3 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O
0,05
0,01
ta c: 0,02 + 2x = 0,05 x = 0,015
mCu = 0,96 gam p n C
5.26. 3M + 4nHNO3

3M(NO3)n + nNO + 2nH2O
n
6 , 0
0,2
M =
2 32 .
6 , 0
2 , 19
n n n
, M = 64 (Cu)
Cu(NO3)2 + 2NaOH

Cu(OH)2 + 2NaNO3
0,3 0,3
Cu(OH)2

0
t
CuO + H2O
0,3 0,3
m = 0,3.80 = 24 gam p n A
5.28. p dng nh lut bo ton electron
Al - 3e Al
3+
N
+5
+ 3e N
+2
(NO)
0,17 0,51 3x x
2 N
+5
+ 8e 2N
+1
(N2O)
8y y
3x + 8y = 0,51 mt khc
5 , 33
44 30
+
+
y x
y x
'
'

03 , 0
09 , 0
51 , 0 8 3
3
y
x
y x
y x
VNO = 2,016 lt ,
O N
V
2
= 0,672 lt p n B
5.32.
2
H
n
= 0,35 mol. ch c Mg, Fe to mui nn ta c
mmui = mFe + mMg + 0,35.71 = 9,14 - 2,54 + 0,35.71 = 31,45 gam
p n A
5.33.
2
H
n
= 0,3 mol, mmui = mFe + mMg + 0,3.96 = 4,33 gam
p n B
5.36. Fe + CuSO4

FeSO4 + Cu
0,01 0,01
mFe = 0,56 gam p n C
5.37. Mt t bo c s (lp phng tm khi) c 9 ion Na (8 nh v 1 tm)
S nguyn t Na trong mu = 1,204.10
23
.9 = 10,836.10
23
80
nNa = mol 8 , 1
10 . 023 , 6
10 . 36 . 8 , 10
23
23

mNa = 41,4 gam p n D
5.39. S mol electron m N nhn bng tng s mol in tch ca cc kim loi (bo ton electron) ne = 0,01.3
+ 0,04 = 0,07 mol
Mt khc do mui trung ha v in tch nn s mol NO3 bng tng mol in tch kim loi
3
NO
n
= 0,07.
mmui = mkim loi +
3
NO
m
= 1,35 + 0,07.62 = 5,69 p n A
Al - 3e Al
3+
N
+5
+ 3e N
+2
(NO)
x 3x 3a a
2N
+5
+ 10e 2N
0
(N2)
20a 2a
2N
+5
+ 8e 2N
+1
(N2O)
16a 2a
ta c 3x = 39a = 3,9 mol x = 1,3 mol
mAl = 1,3.27 = 35,1 gam p n D
5.41. Vi HNO3 dung dch c ngui ch c Mg phn ng
Mg + 4HNO3

Mg(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
0,015 0,03
vi HNO3 long th Al, Mg phn ng
3Mg + 8HNO3

3Mg(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 4H2O
0,015 0,01
Al + 4HNO3

Al(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
x x
ta c 0,01 + x = 0,03 x = 0,02 mol
mAl = 0,02.27 = 0,54 gam
mMg = 0,015.24 = 0,36 2
h
m
= 0,9 gam p n C
5.43. nkh =
14 , 0
4 , 22
136 , 3
mol
37
14 , 0
18 , 5
kh M

c NO (M = 30) kh cn li l N2O (M = 44)
S mol mi kh l 0,07
Bo ton e ta c
Mg - 2e Mg
2+
N
+5
+ 3e N
+2
(NO)
x 2x 0,21 0,07
Al - 3e Al
3+
2 N
+5
+ 8e 2N
+1
(N2O)
81
y 3y 0,56 0,07
'
'
+
+

2 , 0
085 , 0
44 , 7 27 24
77 , 0 3 2
y
x
y x
y x
mMg = 2,04 gam %Mg = 27,42% p n C
5.45. mol n mol n
CuSO SO NH
0625 , 0
100 . 160
500 . 2
, 0625 , 0
100 . 132
500 . 32 , 1
4 4 2 4
) (

2 , 0
137
4 , 27

Ba
n
Ba + H2O

Ba(OH)2 + H2
(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(OH)2

BaSO4 + 2NH3 + 2H2O
CuSO4 + Ba(OH)2

BaSO4 + Cu(OH)2
Th tch kh
nkh =
3 2
NH H
n n +
= 0,1 + 0,2 = 0,3 mol V = 6,72 lt p n A
Fe + CuSO4

FeSO4 + Cu
a a a
64a - 56a = 0,8 a = 0,1mol
bd
CuSO
n
4
= 1 mol,
du
CuSO
n
4
= 1 0,1 = 0,9 mol, CM =
M 8 , 1
5 , 0
9 , 0
p n B
5.51. gi s mol mi kim loi l x
24x + 27x + 65x = 9,28 x = 0,08
Bo ton eletron ne cho = 2x + 3x + 2x = 7x = 0,56 mol
s e m S
+6
nhn =
8
07 , 0
56 , 0
S
+6
+ 8e S
-2
kh thu c l H2S p n A
5.52. Nu kh SO2 hp th ht trong NaOH th
NaOH + SO2 Na2SO3 + H2O
0,7 0,35
(nu to ra mui axit th cht rn thu c khi c cn l Na2SO3)
mmui = 44,1 ( 41,8 v l) NaOH d
2NaOH + SO3

Na2SO4 + H2O
2a a a
mcht rn = 126.a + 40(0,7 - 2a) = 41,8 a = 0,3
2M + 2nH2SO4

M2(SO4)n + nSO2 + 2nH2O
n
6 , 0
0,3
82
M =
n n 32 .
6 , 0
2 , 19
M l Cu p n C
Ag + O3

Ag2O + O2
khi lng l bc tng ln 2,4 m0 = 2,4

3
O
m
= 7,2 gam vy
3
O
m
> 2,4 p n B
5.54. phng trnh ho hc
Cu + 2Fe(NO3)3

Cu(NO3)2 + 2Fe(NO3)2
0,01 0,02
m Cu tan = 0,01.64 = 0,64 gam
Vy thanh Cu gim 0,64 gam p n C
5.57. Fe + 2HCl

FeCl2 + H2
a a
2Cr + 6HCl

2CrCl2 + 3H2
b
2
3
a
ta c h
'
'
+
+
mol b
mol a
b a
b a
01 , 0
01 , 0
02 , 0
08 , 1 52 56
2
3
ma = 0,01.52 = 0,52 gam p n A
5.58. Gi s mol Na, Al ln lt l x, y : 23x + 27y = 7,3 (1)
2Na + 2H2O

2NaOH + H2
x
2
x
2NaOH + 2Al + 2H2O

2NaAlO2 + 3H2
y y
2
3
) 2 ( 25 , 0
2
3
2
+
y x
T (1) v (2) gii ra ta c x = 0,2, y = 0,1 p n B
5.60. Gi s mol Fe, Cu ln lt l x, y
56x + 64y = 14,8
bo ton electron 3x + 2y =
65 , 0 2
2 2
+
SO NO
n n
Gii ra ta c x = 0,15, y = 0,1
mFe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 gam p n A
2
2 2 2 nH Cl M nHCl M
n
+ +
bo ton khi lng mmui = 7,495 gam p n A
5.63. Gi s mol Na, Ba ln lt l x, y
83
'
'
+
+
2 , 0
2 , 0
3 , 0
2
32 137 23
y
x
y
x
y x
mNa = 4,6 gam; mBa = 27,4 gam p n A
5.66. Zn + CdSO4

ZnSO4 + Cd
0,04 0,04
m = (112 - 65).0,04 = 1,88 gam
ta c mZn =
gam 80
35 , 2
100
. 188
p n A
5.67. Fe + CuSO4

FeSO4 + Cu
0,15

0,15
m = (64 - 56).0,15 = 1,2 gam
Vy khi lng l Fe tng 1,2 gam p n A
5.68. Zn + CuSO4

ZnSO4 + Cu
m = 65a 64a = 0,28 a = 0,28
mZn phn ng = 18,2 ; mZn ban u = 26 gam p n B
5.69. nNaOH = 1,25 mol
mol n
SO Al
1 , 0
3 4 2
) (

6NaOH + Al2(SO4)3

Al(OH)3 + Na2SO4
0,6 0,1 0,2 0,3
Al(OH)3 + NaOH

NaAlO2 + 2H2O
0,2 0,2 0,2
Vy NaOH d = 1,05 0,8 = 0,25 mol p n A
5.70. 2Na + 2H2O

2NaOH + H2
Trng hp 1: NaOH ht (1)
6NaOH + Al2(SO4)3

2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4(1)
0,03 0,01
mNa = 0,03.23 = 0,69 gam
Trng hp 2 : Al2SO4 ht (1)
6NaOH + Al2(SO4)3

2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4 (1)
0,06 0,01 0,02
Al(OH)3 + NaOH

NaAlO2 + 2H2O
0,01 0,01
nNaOH = nNa = 0,07 mNa = 1,61 gam p n A
5.72.
gam m
SO H
6 , 19
4 2

gam m
O H
54
2

V Na, Mg d nn H2SO4, H2O u ht
H2SO4

+ e 2
SO4
2-
+ H2 2H2O

+ e 1
2OH
-
+ H2
84
2
H
V
= (0,2 + 1,5).22,4 = 38,08 lt p n D
5.73. 2Na + 2H2O

2NaOH + H2
1,5 1,5 0,75
mNaOH = 60 gam, mdd = 150 + 34,5 0,75.2 = 183 gam
%NaOH = 100 .
183
60
= 32,787% p n B
5.74. h
2
A + O2

h
2
B
mO = 16 gam; nO = 1 mol
S mol HCl ho tan ht hn hp kim loi bng 2nO nHCl = 2mol
Bo ton khi lng mmui = 99,6 gam p n A
5.75. Mg + 2HCl

MgCl2 + H2
Zn + 2HCl

ZnCl2 + H2
ta c
'
'
+
+
1 , 0
2 , 0
6 , 0 2 2
3 , 11 65 24
y
x
n y x
y x
HCl
thnh phn cht rn l MgO v ZnO
m = 40.0,2 + 81.0,1 = 16,1 gam p n D
5.76. 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O

2NaAlO2 + 3H2
0,05 0,075
Fe + 2HCl

FeCl2 + H2
0,01 0,01
mAl = 0,05.27 = 1,35 gam; mFe = 0,01.56 = 0,56 gam
%Al = 52,94%%Fe = 21,96% p n B
5.77. Khi lng cht rn tng chnh l khi lng Cl2 phn ng
2Al + 3Cl2

2AlCl3
1 1,5
mAl = 27 gam p n C
5.78. nBa = 0,1; nAl = 0,3
Ba + H2O

Ba(OH)2 + H2
0,1 0,1 0,1
Ba(OH)2 + 2Al + 2H2O

Ba(AlO2)2 + 3H2
0,4 0,2 0,3
96 , 8 ; 4 , 0
2 2

H H
V n
lt p n B
5.79. Ta c s
Al (a)

Al2O3 (
2
a
) mol
85
Al2O3 (0,2)

Al2O3 (0,2)
(
2
a
+ 0,2).102 = 40,8 a = 0,4mol p n A
5.80. Hai kh khng mu l N2 v N2O
mol n mol n
O N N
2 , 0 ; 1 , 0
2 2

gi s mol Al l x. Bo ton eletron: 3x = 10.0,1 + 0,2.8 = 2,6 mol
x =
3
6 , 2
vy mAl = 23,4 gam p n C
5.81. nAl = 0,08 ; ne cho = 0,24 mol,
02 , 0
2

N
n
; ne nhn = 0,2 mol
Vy ngoi N2 cn c NH4NO3 to ra
Al - 3e Al
3+
2N
+5
+ 10e 2N
0
(N2)
0,24 0,2 0,02
N
+5
+ 8e N
-3
(NH4NO3)
8x x
0,24 = 0,2 + 8x x = 0,005 mol
Vy mmui = 0,08.(27 + 62.3) + 0,005.(18 + 62) = 17,44 gam p n A
5.83. Phng trnh phn ng in phn l:
2Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O

pdd
2Cu + 4HNO3 + O2
a a 2a
yn Cu tan
3Cu + 8HNO3

3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + H2O
8
6a
2a
Vy nCu d = a -
8
6a
= a
4
1
= 0,05 a = 0,2mol
Vy CM = 1M p n D
5.84. Gii tng t bi 5.83. khi lng catt tng 3,2 gam p n A
5.91. M + H2SO4

MSO4 + H2
MO + H2SO4

MSO4 + H2O
ta c
'
'
+
05 , 0
05 , 0
05 , 0
1 , 0
y
x
x
y x
mt khc 0,05.M = 0,6[0,05.(M + 16)] M = 24 (Mg) p n A
CuCl2

Cu + Cl2 CuCl2 + Fe

FeCl2 + Cu
64a 56a = 1,2 a = 0,15
CuCl2
n = 0,15 + 0,05 = 0,2 mol ; CM = 1M p n C
86
5.93. Bo ton e
M - ne M
n+
2

N
+5
+ 8e 2N
+1
(N2O)
a na 2,4 0,3
N
+5
+ 3e N
+2
(NO)
0,7 0,9
na = 2,4 + 2,7 = 5,1 mol. Mt khc Ma = 4,59 gam
9
n
M
vy M = 27 Al p n C
Cl2 + KOH

KCl + KClO + H2O
a a
3Cl2 + 6KOH

5KCl + KClO + H2O
b
3
5b
M a =
3
5b

3
5
b
a
p n D
4Mg + 10HNO3

4Mg(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O
a b
ta c 4b = 10a 5a = 2b p n A
5.101. S mol e trao i cc in cc bng nhau nn
4AgNO3 + 2H2O

4Ag + 4HNO3 + O2
0,1 0,025
2NaCl + H2O

2NaOH + Cl2 + H2
0,1 0,5
Vy th tch kh l
2
O
V
= 0,56 lt , VHCl = 1,12 lt p n A
87
CHNG 6.
KIM LOI KIM - KIM LOI KIM TH - NHM
A. BI TP
6.1. Pht biu no sau y khng ng ?
A. Tinh th ca cc kim loi kim u c kiu mng lp phng tm khi.
B. Kim loi kim l kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht so vi kim loi khc trong cng mt chu k
C. bo qun kim loi kim, ta phi ngm chng trong du ho
D. Ch c kim loi kim mi c cu trc lp v ngoi cng l -ns
1

6.2. Pht biu no sau y khng ng v kim loi kim:
A. Nhit nng chy v nhit si thp
B. Khi lng ring nh
C. cng thp
D. dn in cao
6.2. Kim loi kim c tnh kh mnh v
A. C 1 e lp ngoi cng
B. C bn knh ln hn so vi nguyn t c cng chu k
C. C in tch ht nhn b so vi nguyn t cng chu k
D. Tt c yu t trn
6.3. Cc kim loi kim c cu to mng tinh th kiu no trong cc kiu mng sau
A. Lp phng v tm khi B. Lp phng tm din
C. Lc phng D. T din
6.4. Cho hn hp kim loi Na, Al vo nc, quan st thy hin tng
A. C bt kh thot ra
B. Xut hin kt ta keo trng
C. Xut hin kt ta keo trng v c th kt ta b tan
D. C th c cc hin tng A, B, C
6.5. Nguyn t Cs c la chn trong vic ch to pin mt tri v l do no sau y?
A. Nguyn t Cs ch c 1 electron lin kt yu vi ht nhn.
B. Trong nhm IA, Cs l nguyn t c bn knh nguyn t ln nht, tr franxi l nguyn t phng x.
C. Nng lng ion ho th nht ca Cs l nh nht trong tt c cc kim loi
88
D. C A, B, C u ng.
6.6. Phn ng sn xut vi: CaCO3 (r) CaO (r) + CO2 (k)
H
> 0 (phn ng thu nhit) Bin php k thut tc
ng vo qu trnh sn xut vi tng hiu sut phn ng l
A. gim nhit B. tng nhit v gim p sut kh CO2
C. tng p sut D. gim nhit v tng p sut kh CO2
6.7. Trong qu trnh sn xut nhm trong cng nghip khong cht criolit (Na3AlF6) c s dng vi mc
ch chnh l
A. to thnh hn hp c kh nng dn in tt hn so vi ban u.
B. to ra lp bo v nhm nng chy khi s oxi ho ca oxi khng kh.
C. to thnh hn hp c nhit nng chy thp hn so vi ban u.
D. to ra lp bo v in cc khi b n mn.
6.8. Mt loi nc cng c nng cc ion K
+
: 0,04 mol/l, Mg
2+
: 0,04 mol/l, Ca
2+
: 0,04 mol/l, Cl
-
: 0,04
mol/l, SO4
2-
: 0,04 mol/l, HCO3
-
: 0,08 mol/l. C th lm mm nc cng bng cch no trong cc cch sau?
A. un nng nc B. dng dung dch Na2CO3
C. dng dung dch HCl D. un nng hoc dng dung dch Na2CO3
6.9. Cho mt lung kh CO i qua hn hp gm Na2O, MgO, Fe2O3, CuO nung nng. Sau mt thi gian thu
c hn hp cht rn cha ti a:
A. 4 kim loi v 4 oxit kim loi B. 3 kim loi v 4 oxit kim loi
C. 2 kim loi v 6 oxit kim loi D. 2 kim loi v 4 oxit kim loi
6.10. iu ch NaOH trong cng nghip bng phng php:
A. cho Na2O tc dng vi H2O
B. cho dung dch Na2SO4 tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2
C. in phn dung dch Na2SO4
D. in phn dung dch NaCl c mng ngn
6.11. Mun bo qun kim loi kim ngi ta ngm kim loi kim trong cht lng no cho di y ?
A. ancol etylic B. du ho C. glixerol D. axit axetic
6.12. Cho 3,75gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim tan hon ton trong nc, thu c 2,8 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hai kim
loi kim l
A. Li, K B. Na, K C. Na, Cs D. K, Cs
6.13. Tnh kh ca cc nguyn t Na, K, Al, Mg c xp theo th t tng dn l
A. K, Na, Mg, Al B. Al, Mg, Na, K
C. Mg, Al, Na, K D. Al, Mg, K, Na
6.14. Khi trong khng kh nhm kh b n mn hn st l do
A. nhm c tnh kh mnh hn st.
B. trn b mt nhm c lp Al2O3 bn vng bo v
C. nhm c tnh kh yu hn st.
D. trn b mt nhm c lp Al(OH)3 bo v.
89
6.15. Khi nung hn hp gm: Al, CuO, MgO, FeO (lng va ), sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton ta
thu c cht rn A gm cc cht no
A. Cu, Al2O3 , Mg, Fe B. Cu, FeO, Mg, Al2O3
C. Cu, Fe, Al, MgO, Al2O3 D. Cu, Fe, Al2O3, MgO
6.16. Trong v nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: Al, Na, Mg, Fe ( trng thi c bn) c s electron c thn ln
lt l
A. 1, 1, 0, 4 B. 3, 1, 2, 2 C. 1, 1, 2, 8 D. 3, 1, 2, 8
6.17. Cho 13,7 gam kim loi Ba vo 200 ml dung dch FeSO4 1M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton ta
thu c kt ta c khi lng l
6.18. Cho cc cht: MgO, CaCO3, Al2O3, dung dch HCl, NaOH, CuSO4, NaHCO3. Khi cho cc cht trn tc
dng vi nhau tng i mt th tng s cp cht phn ng c vi nhau l
A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9
6.19. tinh ch qung boxit (Al2O3 c ln SiO2 v Fe2O3) ngi ta cho qung (dng bt) ln lt tc dng
vi cc cht:
A. NaOH, CO2 B. HCl, CO2
C. NaOH, CuCl2 D. HCl v NH3
6.20. Cho m gam NaOH tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch HNO3 c dung dch A. C cn A c
cht rn B, nung B n khi lng khng i thy c 2,24 lt kh (ktc) thot ra. Gi tr ca m l
6.21. Theo thuyt axit-baz ca Bronstet hiroxit lng tnh l
A. NaHCO3 B. NH4HCO3 C. Al(OH)3 D. Ba(OH)2
6.22. Khi in phn dung dch NaCl th catt xy ra qu trnh
A. kh Na
+
B. kh H2O C. oxi hoa Cl
-
D. kh Cl
-
6.23. Khi cho kim loi Mg vo dung dch cha ng thi cc mui: Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3, Fe(NO3)2 khuy u
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, ta thu c cht rn B gm 2 kim loi. hai kim loi l
A. Cu, Fe B. Fe, Ag C. Ag, Mg D. Cu, Ag
6.24. Cho s bin ho:
X + H2O

mn dp
A + B + C
B+ A

0
t
X + Y + H2O
B+ C

0
t
D
t chy hp cht X trn ngn la n cn thy ngn la c mu vng.
Cc cht A, B, C, D, X, Y ln lt l
A. NaCl, NaOH, Cl2,H2, NaClO, HCl B. NaOH, Cl2, H2,HCl, NaCl, NaClO3
C. NaOH, Cl2, H2,HCl, NaCl, NaClO2 D. NaOH, Cl2, H2, HCl, NaClO3, NaCl
90
6.25. Cho mu Na vo dung dch cc cht (ring bit) sau: Ca(HCO3)2(1), CuSO4(2), KNO3 (3), HCl(4). Sau khi
cc phn ng xy ra xong, ta thy cc dung dch c xut hin kt ta l
A. (1) v (2) B. (1) v (3) C. (1) v (4) D. (2) v (3)
6.26. Vt liu thng c dng c tng, sn xut phn vit bng, b bt khi b gy xng l
A. CaCO3 B. CaO C. CaSO4 D. MgSO4
6.27. Cho 4,48 lt CO2 vo 150 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M, c cn hn hp cc cht sau phn ng ta thu c
cht rn c khi lng l
6.28. Cho s chuyn ha sau: Cl2
A

B

C

A

Cl2. Trong B tan, C khng tan
trong nc. Cc cht A, B, C ln lt l
A. NaCl; NaOH v Na2CO3 B. KCl; KOH v K2CO3
C. CaCl2; Ca(OH)2 v CaCO3 D. MgCl2; Mg(OH)2 v MgCO3
6.29. Dng c bng cht no sau y khng nn dng cha dung dch kim?
A. Cu B. Fe C. Ag D. Al
6.30. Cho dung dch cha cc ion: Na
+
, Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, H
+
, Cl
-
. Phi dng dung dch cht no sau y loi
b ht cc ion Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, H
+
ra khi dung dch ban u?
A. Na2CO3 B. NaOH C. Na2SO4 D. AgNO3
6.31. ng dng no sau y khng phi ca CaCO3?
A. Lm bt nh pha sn B. Lm cht n trong cng nghip
C. Lm vi qut tng D. Sn xut xi mng
6.32. Cho s phn ng sau:
Al

A

Al2O3

B

C

Al(OH)3
A, B, C ln lt c th l
A. Al(NO3)3, NaAlO2, AlCl3 B. Al(NO3)3, Al(OH)3, AlCl3
C. AlCl3, Al2(SO4)3, NaAlO2 D. AlCl3, NaAlO2, Al2(SO4)3
6.33. Ho tan 21,6 gam Al trong mt dung dch NaNO3 v NaOH d. Tnh th tch kh NH3 iu kin tiu
chun thot ra nu hiu sut phn ng l 75%
A. 2,24 lt B. 4,48 lt C. 6,72 lt D. 5,04 lt
6.34. Phng php no dng iu ch Al(OH)3 tt nht?
A. Cho dung dch Al
3+
tc dng vi dung dch NH3
B. Cho dung dch Al
3+
tc dng vi dung dch NaOH
C. Cho dung dch AlO2
-
tc dng vi dung dch H
+

D. Cho Al tc dng vi H2O
6.35. Tc dng ca Na3AlF6 trong qu trnh sn xut Al
(I) gim nhit nng chy ca hn hp in li
(II) tng dn in ca hn hp
(III) Ngn cn Al nng chy b oxi ha trong khng kh
(IV) lm cho Al2O3 in li tt hn
91
A. I, II, III B. I, II, IV C. I, III, IV D. II, III, IV
6.36. Nung 49,2 gam hn hp Ca(HCO3)2 v NaHCO3 n khi lng khng i, c 5,4 gam H2O. Khi
lng cht rn thu c l
6.37. Cho s :
3 4 2 3
NaNO NaCl SO Na NaHCO
Z Y X

+ + +
. X, Y, Z tng ng l
A. NaHSO4, BaCl2, AgNO3 B. H2SO4, BaCl2, HNO3
C. K2SO4, HCl, AgNO3 D. (NH4)2SO4, HCl, HNO3
6.38. Dy cc hp cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. AlCl3, Al2O3, Al(OH)3 B. Al2O3, ZnO, NaHCO3
C. Zn(OH)2, Al2O3, Na2CO3 D. ZnO, Zn(OH)2, NH4Cl
6.39. Cho hn hp cc kim loi K v Al vo nc, thu c dung dch, 4,48 lt kh (ktc) v 5,4 gam cht rn,
khi lng ca K v Al tng ng l
A. 3,9 gam v 2,7 gam B. 3,9 gam v 8,1 gam
C. 7,8 gam v 5,4 gam D. 15,6 gam v 5,4 gam
6.40. Cho cc cht Cu, FeSO4, Na2SO3, FeCl3, s cht tc dng c vi dung dch cha hn hp NaNO3 v
HCl l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
6.41. Cho lung H2 d i qua cc ng mc ni tip nung nng theo th t : ng 1 ng 0,2 mol Al2O3, ng 2 ng
0,1 mol Fe2O3, ng 3 ng 0,15 mol Na2O. n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, cht rn trong cc ng sau
phn ng theo th t l
A. Al, Fe, Na C. Al2O3, Fe, Na2O
B. Al, Fe, NaOH D. Al2O3, Fe, NaOH
6.42. Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi dung dch Al2(SO4)3.
A. CO2, NaOH, NH3 B. BaCl2, HCl, NaOH
C. Na
2
CO
3
, NH
3
, NaOH D. NH
3
, NaOH, Fe
6.43. Mt cc nc c cha cc ion Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, SO4
2-
, Cl
-
, HCO3
-
, lm mt hon ton tnh cng ta dng ho
cht l
A. dung dch HCl B. dung dch NaOH
C. dung dch Na2CO3 D. dung dch Ca(OH)2
6.44. Cho 16,2 gam kim loi M tc dng hon ton vi 0,15 mol oxi, cht rn thu c tc dng ht vi dung
dch HCl to ra 0,6 mol H2. Kim loi M l
A. Fe B. Al C. Ca D. Mg
6.45. Cho cc dung dch c cng nng mol/ lt: (1) NaOH, (2) Ba(OH)2, (3) NH3 pH cc dung dch c xp
theo th t gim dn l
A. (1) (2)(3) B. (2) (1) (3) C. (3) (2) (1) D. (2) (3) (1)
6.46. Kim loi khng tc dng vi dung dch (NH4)2SO4 l
A. Mg B. Ca C. Ba D. Na
92
6.47. Sc 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, th dung dch thu c cha cht tan
A. NaHCO3 B. Na2CO3 C. NaHCO3 v Na2CO3 D. Na2CO3 v NaOH
6.48. Trong cc dung dch (NH4)2SO4, AlCl3, NaHSO4, NaHCO3, BaCl2,
Na2CO3 s dung dch c PH > 7 l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
6.49. Nh t t dung dch NaHSO4 n d vo dung dch NaAlO2 th:
A. khng c hin tng B. c kt ta, sau tan
C. to b mt phn cch, sau tan D. ch c kt ta
6.50. Cho m gam hn hp Ba v Al vo H2O d thu 0,4 mol H2, cng m gam hn hp trn cho vo dung dch
NaOH d thu 3,1 mol H2 gi tr ca m l
A. 67,7 gam B. 94,7 gam C. 191 gam D. 185 gam.
6.51. Cho kim loi X vo dung dch (NH4)2SO4 d, sau phn ng to mt cht rn khng tan v c kh thot
ra. Vy X l
A. Na B. Ba C. Fe D. Mg
6.52. Khi sc clo vo dung dch NaOH 100
o
C th sn phm thu c cha clo c s oxi ho:
A. 1 B. 1 v +5 C. 1 v +1 D. 1 v +7
6.53. Cho 0,28 mol Al vo dung dch HNO3 d, thu c kh NO v dung dch cha 62,04 gam mui. S mol
NO thu c l
A. 0,2 B. 0,28 C. 0,1 D. 0,14
6.54. Cho 300ml dung dch hn hp HCl v HNO3 c pH = 1 vo 200ml dung dch NaOH 0,175M, dung dch
thu c c pH bng
A. 2 B. 3 C. 11 D. 12
6.55. Cho cc cht: Ca(OH)2 (1), Na2CO3 (2), Na2SO4 (3), NaOH (4), Na3PO4 (5). Ho cht no c th c
dng loi b nc cng ton phn.
A. (2), (3) B. (1), (4) C. (2), (5) D. (1), (2).
6.56. Dy cc cht u tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 l
A. Ba(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2, HCl, CO2, Na2CO3
B. Mg(NO3)2, HCl , BaCO3, NaHCO3, Na2CO3
C. NaHCO3, Na2CO3, CO2, Mg(NO3)2, Ba(NO3)2.
D. NaHCO3, Na2CO3, CO2, Mg(NO3)2, HCl
6.57. Mt dung dch c cha 2 cation l Fe
2+
0,1 mol, Al
3+
0,2 mol v 2 anion l Cl
-
x mol , SO4
2-
y mol. Bit
rng khi c cn dung dch thu c 46,9 gam cht rn khan. Tng s mol ca 2 anion l
A. 0,4 B. 0,5 C. 0,6 D. 0,7.
6.58. Cho a mol NaAlO2 tc dung vi dung dch c cha b mol HCl. Vi iu kin no ca a v b th xut
hin kt ta ?
A. b < 4a B. b = 4a C. b > 4a D. b 4a
93
6.59. T 1 tn mui n c cha 10,5% tp cht, ngi ta iu ch c 1250 lit dung dch HCl 37% (d =1,19
g/ml) bng cch cho lng mui n trn tc dng vi axit sunfuric m c nhit cao. Tnh hiu sut ca
qu trnh iu ch trn?
A. 95,88% B. 98,56% C. 98,58% D. 98,85%.
6.60. Dung dch E cha cc ion Mg
2+
, SO4
2-
, NH4
+
, Cl
-
. Chia dung dch E ra 2 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng, c 0,58g kt ta v 0,672 lt kh (ktc).
- Phn 2 tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 d c 4,66g kt ta.
Tng khi lng cc cht tan trong dung dch E bng
A. 6,110g B. 3,055g C. 5,350g D. 9,165g
6.61. Cho cc dung dch sau: NaHCO3 (X1), CuSO4 (X2), (NH4)2CO3 (X3), NaNO3 (X4), MgCl2(X5), KCl (X6).
Nhng dung dch khng to kt ta vi Ba(OH)2 l
A. X4, X6 B. X1, X4, X5
C. X1, X4, X6 D. X1, X3, X6
6.62. Cho FeCO3 vo dung dch HNO3 c, thu c hn hp 2 kh, trong c mt kh mu nu. Sc hn
hp hai kh ny vo dung dch NaOH sau phn ng thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch X tc dng va
vi dung dch BaCl2, lc b kt ta thu c dung dch Y. Lm kh dung dch Y, ri nung cht rn thu c
n khi lng khng i c cht rn Z v hn hp kh. Thnh phn cc cht trong Z l
A. NaNO2, NaCl B. NaNO2, NaCl, NaOH
C. Na2,O, NaOH, NaCl D. NaNO2, NaCl, Na2CO3
6.63. Bin i ha hc no sau y l do Al(OH)3 c tnh axit
A. Al(OH)3 (r)

Al
3+
(dd)
B. Al(OH)3 (r)

Al2O3 (r)
C. Al(OH)3 (r)

[Al(OH)4]
-
(dd)
D. Al(OH)3 (r)

Al2O3 (r)

Al (r)
6.64. Nh t t dung dch NaOH vo dung dch X th thy dung dch vn c. Nh tip dung dch NaOH vo
thy dung dch trong sut tr li. Sau nh t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo thy dung dch vn c, nh
tip dung dch H2SO4 vo li thy dung dch thu c tr nn trong sut. Dung dch X l
A. dung dch Mg(NO3)2 B. dung dch AlCl3
C. dung dch Ba(HCO3) D. dung dch NaAlO2
6.65. Cho mt kim loi vo dung dch H2SO4 thy thot ra 5,6 lt kh (ktc), hp th ht ton b kh vo
dung dch NaOH thy dung dch nng thm 8,5 gam. Mui thu c sau phn ng vi dung dch NaOH Vy
mui l
A. Na2SO3 B. NaHSO3 C. Na2S D. NaHS
6.66. Kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht trong kim loi kim l
A. Li B. Na C. K D. Cs
94
6.67. X l hp kim ca 2 kim loi gm kim loi kim M v kim loi kim th R. Ly 28,8 gam X ho tan hon
ton vo nc thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). em 2,8 gam Li luyn thm vo 28,8 gam X th % khi lng ca
Li trong hp kim va luyn l 13,29%. Kim loi kim th R trong hp kim X l
A. Sr B. Ba C. Ca D. Mg
6.68 : iu ch kim loi kim ngi ta dung phng php :
A. thu luyn B. nhit luyn
C. in phn dung dch D. in phn nng chy
6.69. Cho NO2 vo dung dch NaOH d, thu c dung dch X. Cho hn hp bt Al v Zn vo dung dch X
sau phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp kh Y. Y gm cc kh:
A. NO v N2O B. N2 v NH3 C. H2 v N2 D. NH3 v H2
6.70. Kim loi kim chy trong oxi cho ngn la mu tm hoa c l
A. Li B. Na C. K D. Rb
6.71. Ho tan hon ton 3,1 gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim thuc 2 chu k lien tip trong h thng tun hon
vo nc, thu c 1 lt dung dch c pH = 13. Hai kim loi v khi lng ca chng trong hn hp l
A. Na: 2,15 gam; K: 0,95 gam B. Na: 1,45 gam; K: 1,65 gam
C. Na: 1,95 gam; K: 1,15 gam D. Na: 1,15 gam; K: 1,95 gam
6.72. Ho tan m gam hn hp Na2CO3 v KHCO3 vo nc c 400 ml dung dch A. Cho t t 150 ml
dung dch HCl 1M vo dung dch A, thu c dung dch B v 1,008 lt kh (ktc). Cho B tc dng vi
Ba(OH)2 d, thu c 29,55 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 10,60 g B. 20,13 g C. 11,13 g D. 13,20 g
6.73. Cho X, Y, Z l hp cht ca mt kim loi, khi t nng nhit cao u cho ngn la mu vng, X
tc dng vi Y thnh Z. Nung nng Y nhit cao thu c Z, hi nc v kh E. Kh E l hp cht ca
cacbon, E tc dng vi X cho Y hoc Z. Vy X, Y, Z ln lt l cc cht no sau y ?
A. NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, CO2
B. NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, CO2
C. KOH, KHCO3, CO2, K2CO3
D. NaOH, Na2CO3 CO2, NaHCO3
6.74. Cc nguyn t ca nhm IA trong bng h thng tun hon c s no chung ?
A. S ntron B. S electron ho tr
C. S lp electron D. S electron lp ngoi cng
6.75. Cn thm bao nhiu gam nc vo 500g dung dch NaOH 12% c dung dch NaOH 8% ?
A. 250 B. 200 C. 150 D. 100
6.76. in phn mui MCl nng chy ngi ta thu c 0,896 lt (ktc) kh anot v 3,12 g M catot, M l
A. Na B. K C. Rb D. Li
6.77. Ho cht NaOH c th lm kh cc kh no trong s cc kh sau
A. H2S B. SO2 C. CO2 D. NH3
6.78. Tnh cht no sau y khng phi l tnh cht ca NaHCO3
A. L cht lng tnh
95
B. Dung dch c mi trng axit yu
C. Tc dng c vi mui BaCl2
D. B phn hu bi nhit
6.79. Phng trnh no sau y vit khng ng:
A. 2NaOH + CO2 Na2CO3 + H2O
B. 2NaOH + 2NO2 NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O
C. 2NaOH +MgCO3 Na2CO3 + Mg(OH)2
D. NaOH + SO2 NaHSO3
6.80. Cho mt ming Na vo dung dch CuCl2 t t n d hin tng quan st c
A. C kh thot ra
B. C kt ta mu xanh
C. C kh thot ra v xut hin kt ta xanh
D. C kh thot ra v xut hin kt ta xanh v sau tan ra
6.81. Cho x mol NO2 v x mol NaOH, dung dch thu c c
A. pH > 7 B. pH < 7
C. pH = 7 D. pH = 14
6.82. Khi cho a mol CO2 tc dng vi 1,2 a mol NaOH c
A. a mol NaHCO3
B. 0,6a mol Na2CO3
C. 0,2a mol Na2CO3 v 0,8a mol NaHCO3
D. 1,2a mol NaHCO3
6.83. Trong phn nhm chnh nhm II, t Be n Ba th :
(I). Bn knh nguyn t tng dn
(II). m in tng dn
(III). Nng lng ion ho gim dn
(IV). Tnh kh tng dn
Kt lun no sai :
A. (I) B. (II) C. (III) D. (IV)
6.84. Phng php no sau y thng dng iu ch kim loi phn nhm chnh nhm II?
A. in phn nng chy B. in phn dung dch
C. Nhit luyn D. Thy luyn
6.85. Trong 1 nhm A, theo chiu tng in tch ht nhn th khng nh no sau y ng
A. Tnh baz ca cc oxit v hiroxit gim dn
B. Tnh axit ca cc oxit v hiroxit tng dn
C. Tnh baz ca cc oxit v hiroxit tng dn
D. Tnh axit ca cc oxit v hiroxit gim dn
6.86. Nguyn t no sau y c m in nh nht?
A. Na. B. Mg. C. Ca. D. Al.
96
6.87. Ngi ta s dng nhit ca phn ng t chy than nung vi, bin php no sau y khng c
s dng tng tc phn ng nung vi?
A. p nh vi vi kch thc khong 10 cm.
B. Tng nhit phn ng ln khong 900
0
C.
C. Tng nng kh cacbonic.
D. Thi khng kh nn vo l nung vi.
6.88. Trong phn ng : Cl2 + Ca(OH)2

CaOCl2 + H2O, khng nh no sau y v clo l ng?
A. va l cht oxi ho va l cht kh
B. l cht kh
C. khng th hin tnh oxi ho kh
D. l cht oxi ho
6.89. Cho 3,87 gam hn hp kim loi Mg, Al vo 250 ml dung dch X cha hai axit HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,5M
thu c dung dch X v 4,368 lit kh H2 (ktc). Kt lun no sau y l ng:
A. dung dch X khng cn d axit B. trong X cha 0,11 mol ion H
+
C. trong X cn d kim loi D. X l dung dch mui
6.90. Cho mt mu Na vo 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M, kt thc th nghim thu c 2,24 lt kh ( ktc). Khi
lng ming Na dng l
A. 4,6 gam. B. 0,46 gam. C. 2,3 gam. D. 9,2 gam
6.91. Trn dung dch NaHCO3 vi dung dch NaHSO4 theo t l s mol 1:1 ri un nng. Sau phn ng thu
c dung dch X c
A. pH > 7 B. pH < 7 C. pH = 7 D. pH = 14
6.92. Khi lng cc than lm ant b tiu hao, khi in phn nng chy Al2O3 sn xut 27 tn nhm l
(bit kh thot ra ant c phn trm th tch: 10% O2, 10% CO, v 80% CO2)
A. 9,47 tn B. 4,86 tn C. 6,85 tn D. 8,53 tn
6.93. Ho tan 0,54 gam Al trong 0,5 lt dung dch H2SO4 0,1M thu c dung dch A. Thm V lt dung dch
NaOH 0,1 M cho n khi kt ta tan tr li mt phn. Nung kt ta thu c n khi lng khng i ta
c cht rn nng 0,51 gam. V c gi tr l
A. 1,1 lt B. 0,7 lt C. 0,3 lt D. 1,2 lt
6.94. Cho Al t t n d vo dung dch hn hp Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3, Mg(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3 th th t cc ion b
kh l
A. Fe
3+
, Ag
+
, Cu
2+
, Mg
2+
B. Ag
+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, Mg
2+
C. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Mg
2+
D. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
6.95. Ngy nay natri cacbonat c iu ch bng phng php amoniac, nguyn liu dng sn xut
natricacbonat theo phng php ny l
A. Na2O, dung dch NH3 v CO2.
B. dung dch NaOH v dung dch (NH4)2CO3
C. dung dch NaCl bo ho, dung dch NH3 v CO2
D. dung dch NaOH v dung dch NH4HCO3
97
6.96. Dung dch no trong cc dung dch sau y cng nhit phng c gi tr pH nh nht?
A. dung dch AlCl3 0,1M. B. dung dch NaHSO4 0,1M
C. dung dch NaAlO2 0,1M D. dung dch NH4HCO3 0,1M
6.97. Hn hp X cha K2O, NH4Cl, KHCO3 v BaCl2 c s mol bng nhau. Cho hn hp X vo nc (d),
un nng, dung dch thu c cha cht tan l
A. KCl, KOH B. KCl
C. KCl, KHCO3, BaCl2 D. KCl, KOH, BaCl2
6.98. Qu trnh sn xut nhm trong cng nghip, kh thot ra l
A. O2 B. Hn hp CO2, CO
C. Hn hp O2, N2 D. Hn hp CO2, CO, O2
6.99. Cp cht no sau y phn ng vi nhau cho sn phm kh?
A. Na2CO3 v AlCl3 B. NaHSO4 v BaCl2
C. NaHCO3 v NaOH D. NH4Cl v AgNO3
6.100. Dung dch NaHCO3 c ln tp cht l Na2CO3. Bng cch no c th loi b tp cht, thu c
NaHCO3 tinh khit?
A. Cho tc dng vi NaOH d ri c cn dung dch thu c.
B. Cho tc dng vi Ba(HCO3)2 d, lc b kt ta, c cn dung dch thu c.
C. Cho tc dng vi BaCl2 d ri c cn dung dch thu c.
D. Sc kh CO2 d vo ri lm kh dung dch thu c.
6.101. Cho 9,1g hn hp hai mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi kim hai chu k lin tip tc dng ht vi dung
dch HCl d thu c 2,24lt CO2(ktc). Hai kim loi l
A. Li, Na B. Na, K C. K, Rb D. Rb, Cs
6.102. Ho tan hon ton 17,88g hn hp X gm hai kim loi kim A, B v kim loi kim th M vo nc thu
c dung dch C v 0,24mol kh H2 bay ra. Dung dch D gm H2SO4 v HCl trong s mol ca HCl gp 4
s mol ca H2SO4. trung ho dung dch C cn ht V lt dung dch D. Tng khi lng mui to thnh
trong phn ng trung ho l
A. 18,46g B. 27,40g C. 36,92g D. 16,84g
6.103. t 2,7g bt nhm ngoi khng kh mt thi gian, thy khi lng tng thm 1,44g. Phn trm khi
lng bt nhm b oxi ho bi oxi ca khng kh l
A. 45% B. 53% C. 60% D. 14%
6.104. Ly V lt dung dch NaOH 0,4M cho vo dung dch c cha 58,14g Al2(SO4)3 thu c 23,4g kt ta. Gi tr
V l
A, 2,25lt hay 2,68lt B. 2,65lt hay 2,25lt
C. 2,65lt hay 2,85lt D. 2,55 lt hay 2,98 lt
6.105. Nung p gam vi c cha 80% CaCO3 c V lt CO2 (ktc) cho CO2 thu c tc dng vi dung
dch c cha 80g NaOH ch cho c mt mui hirocacbonat A duy nht th gi tr p phi l
A. 125g B. 250g C. 160g D. 200 g
98
6.106. Ly 200ml dung dch KOH cho vo 160ml dung dch AlCl3 1M thu c 10,92g kt ta. Nng mol
dung dch KOH dng l (bit kt ta tan mt phn):
A. 2,5 M B. 2,1M
C. 2,1 M hoc 2,5 M D. 2,4 M hoc 0,8M
6.107. Mt hn hp hai kim loi kim A, B thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng h thng tun hon c khi
lng 10,6g. Khi tc dng vi hn hp Cl2 d cho ra hn hp hai mui nng 31,9g. Khi lng mi kim loi
trong hn hp trn l
A. 1,4g v 9,2g B. 2,5g v 8,1g
C. 3,6g v 7,0g D. 1,4g v 9,2g
6.108. Ho tan 1,17 gam NaCl vo nc si, em in phn c mng ngn thu c 500 ml dung dch c pH
= 12. Hiu sut in phn l
A. 15% B. 25% C. 35% D. 45%.
6.109. Ho tan hon ton mui MCO3 bng lng va dung dch H2SO4 12,25% thu c dung dch MSO4
15,89%. Kim loi M l:
A. Mg B. Fe C. Zn D. Ca
6.110. Nung m gam hn hp A gm 2 mui MgCO3 v CaCO3 cho n khi khng cn kh thot ra, thu c
3,52 gam cht rn B v kh C. Cho ton b kh C hp th ht bi 1 lt d Ba(OH)2 x mol/l, thu c 7,88 gam
kt ta. un nng tip dung dch thy to ra 3,94 gam kt ta. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca
m v x ln lt l
A. 3,52 gam v 0,03 mol/l B. 7,04 gam v 0,06 mol/l
C. 7,04 gam v 0,03 mol/l D. 3,52 gam v 0,06 mol/l
6.111. Ho tan hon ton 104,25 gam hn hp X gm NaCl v NaI vo nc c dung dch A. Sc kh Cl2
d vo dung dch A. Kt thc th nghim, c cn dung dch thu c 58,5 gam mui khan. Khi lng NaCl
c trong hn hp X l
B. P S
6.1 D 6.21 C 6.41 D 6.61 A 6.81 A 6.101 A
6.2 D 6.22 B 6.42 C 6.62 B 6.82 C 6.102 A
6.3 A 6.23 D 6.43 C 6.63 C 6.83 B 6.103 C
6.4 A 6.24 B 6.44 B 6.64 B 6.84 A 6.104 B
6.5 C 6.25 A 6.45 B 6.65 D 6.85 C 6.105 B
6.6 B 6.26 C 6.46 A 6.66 D 6.86 A 6.106 A
6.7 C 6.27 B 6.47 D 6.67 B 6.87 C 6.107 D
6.8 B 6.28 C 6.48 B 6.68 D 6.88 A 6.108 B
6.9 D 6.29 D 6.49 B 6.69 D 6.89 B 6.109 D
6.10 D 6.30 A 6.50 A 6.70 C 6.90 A 6.110 B
6.11 B 6.31 C 6.51 B 6.71 D 6.91 C 6.111 A
6.12 A 6.32 A 6.52 B 6.72 B 6.92 D 6.112
6.13 B 6.33 D 6.53 A 6.73 B 6.93 A 6.113
6.14 B 6.34 A 6.54 D 6.74 D 6.94 D 6.114
6.15 D 6.35 A 6.55 C 6.75 A 6.95 C 6.115
6.16 A 6.36 C 6.56 D 6.76 B 6.96 B 6.116
6.17 C 6.37 A 6.57 B 6.77 D 6.97 B 6.117
99
6.18 C 6.38 B 6.58 A 6.78 B 6.98 D 6.118
6.19 A 6.39 B 6.59 B 6.79 C 6.99 D 6.119
6.20 B 6.40 C 6.60 A 6.80 C 6.100 D 6.120
C. HNG DN GII
6.12.
125 , 0
4 , 22
8 , 2
2

H
n
mol
M 2
+ 2H2O
M 2
OH + H2
0,25 0,125
M
=
15
25 , 0
75 , 3
Phi c Li p n A
Ba + 2H2O
2 2
) ( H OH Ba +
0,1 0,1 0,1
Ba(OH)2 + FeSO4 +
2 4
) ( SO OH Fe Ba
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
FeSO4 d mkt ta = 0,1 x 233 + 0,1 x 90 = 32,3 gam p n C
6.20. NaOH + HNO3
NaNO3 + H2O
a a
NaNO3

o
t
NaNO2 + O2
a
2
a
2 , 0 1 , 0
2
2
a mol
a
n
O
Vy mNaOH = 0,24 = 8gam p n :A
6.27.
mol n
CO
2 , 0
4 , 22
48 , 4
2

mol n
OH Ca
15 , 0
2
) (

CO2 + Ca(OH)2
O H CaCO
2 3
+
x x y
2CO2 + Ca(OH)2
) (
3
HCO Ca
2y y y
C cn Ca(HCO3) O H CO CaCO
o
t
2 2 3
+ +
y y
15 , 0
3
+ y x n
CaCO
m= 0,15 . 100 = 15gam p n B
100
6.33. Phng trnh ho hc:
8Al + 3NO3 + 5OH + 2H2O
3 2
3 8 NH AlO +
8 , 0
27
6 , 21
mol 0,3 mol
l V
NH
72 , 6 4 , 22 . 3 , 0
3

V hiu sut l 75% nn V=5,04lt p n D
6.36. O H CO CaCO HCO Ca
2 2 3 2 3
) ( + +
x x x
CaCO3
+
2
CO CaO
o
t
2NaHCO3
O H CO CO Na
2 2 3 2
+ +
y y
2
y
T 3 phng trnh ta c h
'
+
+
3 , 0
2
2 , 49 84 162
y
x
y x
'
2 , 0
2 , 0
y
x
Khi lng cht rn m= 56x+106 g
y
8 , 21
2
p n C
2K+ H2O
2
2 H KOH +
a
2
a
V sau phn ng cn 5,4gam cht rnAl d
2KOH +2Al + 2H2O
2 2
3H KAlO +
a
2
3a
2 , 0 2
2
3
2
2
+ a
a a
n
H
a= 0,1
gam m
K
9 , 3 , mAl= 0,1 . 27 +5,4 = 8,1gam
p n B
6.41. - ng 1 Al2O3 khng b H2 kh
- ng 2 Fe2O3 + 3H2
O H Fe
2
3 2 +
- ng 3 Na2O khng b H2 kh m tc dng vi H2O (sn phm ca ng 2)
Na2O + H2O NaOH 2 (Na2O ht)
cht thu c l Al2O3, Fe, NaOH p n D
101
4M +nO2
n
O M
2
2
2M + 2nHCl
2
2 nH MCl
n
+
(x + y)M = 16,2 thay nx = 0,6 mol, ny = 1,2mol
n M M
n n
9 2 , 16
2 , 1 6 , 0

,
_
+ vi n=3 M=27 (Al)
p n B
6.47.
mol n
CO
5 , 1
2

nNaOH= 0,4mol
2NaOH + CO2
O H CO Na
2 3 2
+
NaOH d vy sn phm l Na2CO3 v NaOH p n D

6.50. Hn hp Ba, Al tc dng vi H2O d c 0,4mol H2
Hn hp Ba, Al tc dng vi NaOH d c 3,1mol H2
Al d
Vi H2O: Ba + 2 H2O
2 2
3 ) ( H OH Ba +
x 2x 3x
x + 3x = 0,4 x= 0,1
Vi dung dch NaOH: Ba + H2O +
2 2
) ( H OH Ba
2Al + 2OH + +
2 2 2
3 2 2 H AlO O H
mol y
y
x 2 1 , 3
2
3
+ m = 0,1. 137 + 2.27 = 67,7gam
p n A
6.53. Ta c: Al
3 3
) (
3
NO Al
HNO

0,28 0,28 mol
64 , 59 ) 3 . 62 27 .( 28 , 0
3 3
) (
+
NO Al
m
< 62,04
c mui NH4NO3 c m= 62,04 59,64 = 2,4gam
mol n
NO NH
03 , 0
80
4 , 2
3 4

p dng nh lut bo ton electron
Al 3e
+
3
Al
) ( 8
3 4
3 5
NO NH N e N
+
+
0,28 0,84 0,24 0,03
N
+5
+ 3e ) (
2
NO N
+
3x x
Ta c 3x + 0,24= 0,84 2 , 0 x
p n A
6.54. pH=1 [ ] 1 , 0
+
H
mol n
H
03 , 0
+
nOH= nNaOH = 0,175.0,2 = 0,035
H
+
+ OH
-
O H
2
0,03 0,035
102
OH d = 0,005mol CM(
M 01 , 0
5 , 0
005 , 0
) OH
pH=12

p n D
6.57. Bo ton in tch cc Ion ta c:
0,1.2 + 0,2.3= x +2y = 0,8 (1)
Khi lng mui bng khi lng cc Ion nn:
0,1.56 + 0,2.27 +35,5x +96y=46,9 (2)
T (1) v (2) gii ra
'
3 , 0
2 , 0
y
x

p n B
6.59. nHCl= 1250000.1,19.
mol 15079
5 , 36
1
.
100
37
Phng trnh ho hc
H2SO4 + NaCl HCl NaH +
4
SO
15079 15079
mNaCl = 882,1kg = 0,8821 tn
Khi lng NaCl c trong mt tn mui
mNaCl = 0,895 tn
% 56 , 98 100 .
895 , 0
8821 , 0
H
p n B
6.60. Phn 1: Tc dng vi NaOH
Mg
2+
+ 2OH
-

Mg(OH)2
0,01 0,01
NH4
+
+ OH
-

NH3 + H2O
0,03 0,03
Phn 2: tc dng vi BaCl2
SO4
2-
+ Ba
2+

BaSO4
0,02 0,02
Bo ton in tch nCl- = 2nMg
2+
+ +
+
2
4
4
2
2
SO
NH
Mg
n n n
= 0,01 mol
khi lng mui trong mi phn l:
m = 24.0,01 + 18.0,03 + 96.0,02 + 35,5.0,01 = 3,055 gam
Vy khi lng mui trong E l 6,11gam p n A
6.62. Kh sinh ra l CO2 v NO2 sc 2 kh ny vo dung dch NaOH c 2 trng hp:
+ Trng hp 1: NaNO2, NaNO3, NaOH c th d tc dng vi Ba(OH)2 va
Na2CO3 + BaCl2

2NaCl + BaCO3
Sn phm cn li l: NaNO3, NaNO2, NaOH, NaCl
103
Nhit phn : 2NaNO3

2NaNO2 + O2
Vy ch to ra oxi khng phi hn hp kh (loi)
+ Trng hp 2: NaNO2, NaNO3. Na2CO3, NaHCO3 (NaOH ht) tc dng vi Ba(OH)2
Na2CO3 + BaCl2

2NaCl + BaCO3
sn phm l : NaNO3, NaNO2, NaHCO3, NaCl
nhit phn : 2NaNO3

0
t
2NaNO2 + O2
NaHCO3

0
t
Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
trng hp 2 tho mn vy cht rn z l NaNO2, Na2CO3, NaCl p n D
6.65. Nhn xt 5,6 lt kh nng 8,5 gam Mkh =
34
25 , 0
5 , 8
H2S
Mui to ra tc dng c vi NaOH Mui axit NaHS p n D
6.67. Khi luyn thm 2,8 gam Li vo 28,8 gam X th
%Li =
86 , 8 100 .
8 , 2 8 , 28
8 , 2
+
%
m thc t %Li = 13,29% nn trong X ban u chc chn c Li vi khi lng l
29 , 13 100 .
) 8 , 2 8 , 28 (
8 , 2
+
+ m
; m = 4,2 - 2,8 = 1,4 gam
Cho 28,8 gam X tc dng vi H2O : 2Li + 2H2O

2LiOH + H2
0,2 0,1
M + H2O

M(OH)2 + H2
x x
x = 0,2 mol. M khi lng ca M l
mM = 28,8 - 1,4 = 27,4gam
M =
) ( 137
2 , 0
4 , 27
Ba
p n B
6.71. pH = 13 [OH
-
] = 0,1M, nOH = 0,1 mol
M 2
+ 2H2O

OH M 2
+ H2
0,1 0,1
31
1 , 0
31
M
2 kim loi kim l Na v K. Ta c h
'
+
+
1 , 0
1 , 3 39 23
y x
y x

'
05 , 0
05 , 0
y
x
mNa = 1,15, mK = 1,95 p n D
6.72. Gi s mol ca Na2CO3, KHCO3 ln lt l x, y
Phng trnh ho hc
Na2CO3 + HCl

NaHCO3 + NaCl
104
x x x
HCO3
-
+ H
+

CO2 + H2O
0,15 x 0,15 x
Ta c 0,15 x = 0,045 x = 0,105 mol
HCO3
-
d = x + y (0,15 - x) = 2x + y - 0,15
HCO3
-
+ Ba
2+
+ OH
-

BaCO3 + H2O
2x + y 0,15 2x + y 0,15
Vy 2x + y 0,15 = 0,15 y = 0,09 mol
m = 106.0,105 + 100.0,09 = 20,13 gam
p n B
6.75. Gi khi lng nc l m. p dng quy tc ng cho
500 : 12% 8
8
4
8 500
m
m = 250 gam
m : 0% 4
p n A
6.76. 2MCl

dpnc
2M + Cl2
0,08 0,04
M =
) ( 39
08 , 0
12 , 3
K
p n B
6.89. +
H
n
= 0,25(1 + 2.0,5) = 0,5 mol

mol n
H
195 , 0
4 , 22
368
2

2H
+
+ 2e

H2
0,39 0,195
vy
du H
n
+ = 0,5 0,39 = 0,11 mol p n B
6.90. 2Na + 2HCl

2NaCl + H2
0,1 0,05
2Na + 2H2O

2NaOH + H2
2
H
n
= 0,1 nNa = 0,2 mol, vy mNa = 4,6 gam p n A
6.91.Phng trnh ho hc
NaHCO3 + NaHSO4

0
t
Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
trong dung dch ch cn li Na2SO4 nn pH = 7
2Al2O3

4Al + 3O2
1 0,75
105
C + O2

CO2
x x x
2C + O2

2CO
y
2
y
y
v oxi d = 0,75 x -
2
y
t % cc kh x : y = 80 : 10 x = 8y (1)

2 2
CO O
n n
0,75 x -
2
y
= y (2)
t 1,2
'
079 , 0
632 , 0
y
x
mC = 0,71.12 = 8,53 tn p n D
2Al + 3H2SO4

Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (1)
0,02 0,03 0,01
H2SO4 d 0,02 mol
H2SO4 + 2NaOH

Na2SO4 + H2O (2)
Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH

3Na2SO4 + 2Al(OH)3 (3)
Al(OH)3 + NaOH

Na2AlO2 + 2H2O (4)
2Al(OH)3 d

0
t
Al2O3 + 3H2O
0,01 0,005
t (2), (3), (4) ta c nNaOH = 0,04 + 0,06 + 0,01 = 0,11
V = 1,1 lt p n A
6.101.
3
2CO M + HCl
Cl M 2
+ CO2 + H2O
0,1 0,1
mmui =
5 , 15 91
1 , 0
1 , 9
M
Li, Na p n A
6.102.
2
2
H
OH
n n
= 0,24.2 = 0,48 mol
gi s mol H2SO4 l x th s mol HCl l 4x
trung ha
2
1
C : H
+
+ OH
-

H2O
6x 0,24 x = 0,04
mmui =
2
1
mKl + mCl + 2
4
SO
m
17,88.
2
1
+ 0,16.35,5 + 0,04.96 = 18,46 gam p n A
6.103. 4Al + 3O2

2Al2O3
0,06 0,045
106
mAl phn ng = 0,06.27 = 1,62 gam;
%Al = % 60 100 .
27
62 , 1
p n C
6.104. mol n
SO Al
17 , 0
342
14 , 58
3 4 2
) (

mol n
OH Al
3 , 0
78
4 , 23
3
) (

Trng hp 1: NaOH thiu: Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH

2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4
0,9 0,3
VNaOH = 2,25 lt
Trng hp 2: NaOH kt ta ht Al
3+
v ha tan 1 phn kt ta
Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH

2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4
0,17 1,02
Al(OH)3 + NaOH

NaAlO2 + 2H2O
0,04 0,04
nNaOH = 0,106, V = 2,65 p n B
6.105. CaCO3

0
t
CaO + CO2
NaOH + CO2

NaHCO3
2 2
3
CaCO
m
= 200 gam mCaO = gam 250
80
100
. 200 p n B
6.106. 3KOH + AlCl3

Al(OH)3 + 3KCl
0,48 0,16 0,16
m n kt ta = 0,14 kt ta b tan 0,02 mol
KOH + Al(OH)3

KAlO2 + 2H2O
nKOH = 0,5 mol ; CM =
M 5 , 2
2 , 0
5 , 0
p n A
6.107. mol n
Cl
3 , 0
71
6 , 10 9 , 31
2

; nkl = 2
2
Cl
n
67 , 17
6 , 0
6 , 10
M
Kim loi kim l Li v Na ta c h
'
'
+
+
4 , 0
2 , 0
6 , 10 23 7
6 , 0
y
x
x
y x
mLi = 1,4 ; mNa = 9,2 p n D
6.108. nNaCl = 0,02 mol ; pH = 12 [OH
-
] = 0,01 M
nOH = 0,005 mol
107
2NaCl + 2H2O

mn pdd
2NaOH + Cl2 + H2
0,005 0,005
Hiu sut phn ng H =
% 25 100 .
02 , 0
005 , 0
p n B
6.109. MCO3 + H2SO4
MSO4 + H2O + CO2
Ly s mol mi cht l 1 mol
) 60 (
3
+ M m
MCO
gam m gam m
SO H d
SO H
800 98
4 2
2
4 2

2
CO
m
= 44;
4
MSO
m
= (M + 96)
mdd thu c l M + 60 + 800 - 44 = M + 816 gam
Ta c
89 , 15 100 .
816
96
+
+
M
M
M = 40 (Ca) p n D
6.110. Gi s mol CO2 thu c l a
Ba(OH)2 + CO2
BaCO3 + H2O
0,04 0,04 0,04
Ba(OH)2 + 2CO2
Ba(HCO3)2
Ba(HCO3)2

0
t
BaCO3 + CO2 + H2O
0,02 0,02
2
) (OH Ba
n
= 0,06 mol;
2
CO
n
= 0,08;
2
CO
m
= 3,52 gam
m = 3,52 + 3,52 = 7,04 gam x = 0,06 M p n B
6.111. Gi s mol ca NaCl, NaI ln lt l x, y
ta c Cl2 + 2NaI

2NaCl + I2
ta c h
'
'
+
+
5 , 0
5 , 0
1
25 , 104 150 5 , 58
y
x
y x
y x
mNaCl = 0,5.58,5 = 29,25 gam p n A
108
CHNG 7. CRM - ST - NG
A. BI TP
7.1. Cation kim loi M
3+
c cu hnh electron ca phn lp ngoi cng l 3d
5
. Vy cu hnh electron ca M l
A. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
6
4s
2
. B. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
8
.
C. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
2
3d
8
. D. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
4s
2
4p
1
.
7.2 Cho Fe tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d th sau phn ng thu c
A. Fe(NO3)3, Ag B. Fe(NO3)2, Ag
C. Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, Ag D. Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, Fe
7.3. Cho Fe phn ng vi hi nc nhit ln hn 570
0
C sn phm ch yu l
A. FeO B. Fe3O4 C. Fe2O3 D. C ba oxit trn
7.4. t nng mt t bt Fe trong bnh ng O2 sau cho sn phm thu c vo dung dch HCl d thu c
dung dch X. Dung dch X c :
A. FeCl2 , HCl d B. FeCl3, HCl d
C. FeCl2, FeCl3 v HCl d D. FeCl3
7.5. Cho s chuyn ho
Fe

+ X
Fe2(SO4)3
+Y
FeCl3

+Z
Fe(OH)3
X, Y, Z ln lt l cc dung dch:
A. CuSO4, BaCl2, NaOH
B. H2SO4 c nng, MgCl2, NaOH
C. H2SO4 c nng, BaCl2, NH3
D. H2SO4 long, BaCl2, NaOH
7.6. Dung dch FeSO4 lm mt mu dung dch no trong cc dung dch sau :
A. Dung dch KMnO4/H2SO4 B. Dung dch K2Cr2O7/H2SO4
C. Dung dch Br2 D. C ba dung dch trn
7.7. Cho dung dch cha FeCl2 v ZnCl2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, sau ly kt ta nung trong
khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn gm
A. Fe2O3 B. FeO C. FeO, ZnO D. Fe2O3, ZnO
7.8. Hp kim ca Fe c t 0,01%
2%C v mt lng rt t Si, Mn, Cr, Ni,... l

A. Gang trng B. Gang xm
C. Thp D. Inox
7.9. Gang xm khc gang trng tnh cht :
A. Gang xm gin khng c c cn gang trng c c
B. Gang xm dng c chi tit my cn gang trng khng c c
109
C. Gang xm rt cng cn gang trng th mm hn
D. Gang xm c t cacbon hn gang trng
7.10. Loi thp dng ch to l xo nhp t l
A. Thp thng B. Thp Ni Cr
C. Thp W Mo Cr D. Thp silic
7.11. Nung mt mu thp thng c khi lng 50g trong oxi d th thu c 0,196 lit CO2 0
0
C v 4 at.
Thnh phn phn trm ca C trong mu thp l
A. 0,48% B. 0,38% C. 0,84% D. 3,08%
7.12. Qung st giu nht nhng him c trong t nhin l
A. Hematit B. Xierit C. Manhetit D. Malakit
7.13. Qung c gi tr trong sn xut gang l
A. Hematit v manhetit B. Xierit st
C. Xiderit v malakit D. Pyrit st v lmit
7.14. Mu nu ca dung dch Fe(NO3)3 l do:
A. Mu ca Fe(OH)3. B. Mu ca ion NO3
-
b hirat ha.
C. Mu ca ion Fe
3+
b hirat ha. D. Mu ca ion Fe
2+
b hirat ha.
7.15. Nguyn liu dng sn xut gang l
A. Qung st, oxi nguyn cht, than
B. Qung st, than cc, cht chy, khng kh
C. Qung st, cht chy, than
D. Qung st, khng kh, than
7.16. Trong qu trnh luyn thp, ch yu xy ra cc phn ng l
A. Kh Fe2O3 thnh Fe
B. Oxi ho cc nguyn t C, S, P, Si v to x
C. Oxi ho FeO
D. To cht kh CO
7.17. Tch Ag ra khi hn hp Fe, Cu, Ag th dng dung dch no sau y ?
A. HCl B. NH3
C. Fe(NO3)3 D. HNO3 m c
7.18. Kh hon ton mt oxit st nguyn cht bng CO d nhit cao. Kt thc phn ng, khi lng cht
rn gim i 27,58 %. Oxit st dng l
A. Fe2O3 B. Fe3O4
C. Fe(NO3)3 D. FeO
7.19. Cho dung dch NaOH lng d vo 100ml dung dch FeCl2 c nng C (mol/l), thu c mt kt ta.
em nung kt ta ny trong chn khng cho n khi lng khng i, thu c mt cht rn, em ho tan
ht lng cht rn ny bng dung dch HNO3 long, c 112cm
3
kh NO (duy nht) thot ra (ktc). Cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton. Tr s ca C l
A. 0,10 B. 0,15 C. 0,20 D. 0,015
110
7.20. Cho 44,08g mt oxit st FexOy c ho tan ht bng dung dch HNO3 long, thu c dung dch A.
Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch A, thu c kt ta. em nung lng kt ta ny nhit cao cho
n khi lng khng i, thu c mt oxit kim loi. Dng H2 kh ht lng oxit ny th thu c 31,92g
cht rn l mt kim loi. FexOy l
A. FeO B. Fe2O3
C. Fe3O4 D. FexOy c ln tp cht
7.21. Cho mt lung kh CO i qua ng s ng m (g) Fe2O3 nung nng sau mt thi gian thu c 19,32g
hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4. Ho tan ht X bng HNO3 c nng thu c 5,824 lt NO2 (ktc). Gi
tr ca m l
A. 21,40 B. 13,24 C. 23,48 D. 26,60
7.22. Trn 0,54 g bt Al vi hn hp bt Fe2O3 v CuO ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm nhit cao
trong iu kin khng c khng kh thu c hn hp rn A. Ho tan A trong dung dch HNO3 thu c 0,896
lt (ktc) hn hp kh X gm NO v NO2. T khi ca X so vi H2 l
A. 19 B. 21 C. 17 D. 38
7.23. Ho tan hon ton 10g hn hp X gm 2 mui khan FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 vo nc. Dung dch thu c
phn ng hon ton vi 1,58g KMnO4 trong mi trng H2SO4 d. Phn trm v khi lng ca FeSO4 trong
hn hp l
A. 76,0% B. 15,2% C. 84,4% D. 24,0%
7.24. Ho tan 16,8g Fe vo dung dch HNO3 thu c 4,48 lt kh NO duy nht. C cn dung dch thu c s
gam mui khan l
A. 48,4g B. 72,6g C. 54,0g D. 36,0g
7.25. Khi cho ln lt cc cht sau: Al, Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 vo dung dch HNO3 c ngui. Cht c phn ng, sn
phm to ra kh bay ln l
A. Al B. Fe C. FeO D. Fe2O3
7.26. Cho ln lt 23,2 g Fe3O4 v 5,6 g Fe vo mt dung dch HCl 0,5M. Th tch dung dch HCl ti thiu
cn ly ho tan cc cht rn trn l
A. 2,0 lt B. 1,6 lt C. 0,4 lt D. 2,4 lt
7.27. Trong cc kim loi Mg, Al, Cu, Ag th kim loi no sau y l y c Fe ra khi dung dch mui st
(III):
A. Mg. B. Mg v Al C. Al v Cu D. Mg v Ag
7.28. em nung hn hp A, gm hai kim loi: x mol Fe v 0,15 mol Cu, trong khng kh mt thi gian, thu
c 63,2 gam hn hp B gm hai kim loi trn v hn hp cc oxit ca chng. em ha tan ht lng hn
hp B trn bng dung dch H2SO4 m c, th thu c 0,3 mol SO2. Tr s ca x l
A. 0,64 mol B. 0,60 mol C. 0,70 mol D. 0,67 mol
7.29. Hn hp A cha x mol Fe v y mol Zn. Ha tan ht lng hn hp A ny bng dung dch HNO3 long,
d thu c hn hp kh gm 0,06 mol NO; 0,01 mol N2O v 0,01 mol N2. em c cn dung dch sau khi ha
tan, thu c 32,36 gam hn hp hai mui nitrat khan. Tng s mol ca x, y l
A. 0,18 B. 0,32 C. 0,36 D. 0,16
111
7.30. Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm hon ton m gam Fe2O3 vi 8,1 gam Al. Ch c oxit kim loi b kh to
kim loi. em ha tan hn hp cc cht thu c sau phn ng bng dung dch NaOH d th c 3,36 lt
H2(ktc) thot ra. Tr s ca m l
7.31. em nung 116 gam qung Xierit (cha FeCO3 v tp cht tr) trong khng kh (coi nh ch gm oxi v
nit) cho n khi lng khng i. Cho hn hp kh sau phn ng hp th vo bnh ng dung dch nc vi
c ha tan 0,4 mol Ca(OH)2, trong bnh c to 20 gam kt ta. Nu un nng phn dung dch, sau khi lc kt
ta, th thy c xut hin thm kt ta na. Hm lng (Phn trm khi lng) FeCO3 c trong qung xierit
l
A. 60% B. 20% C. 50% D. 40%
7.32. Hn hp A gm hai mui FeCO3 v FeS2 c t l s mol 1 : 1. em nung hn hp A trong bnh c th
tch khng i, th tch cc cht rn khng ng k, ng khng kh d (ch gm N2 v O2) cc mui trn
b oxi ha ht to oxit st c ha tr cao nht (Fe2O3). ngui bnh, a nhit bnh v bng lc u (trc
khi nung), p sut trong bnh s nh th no?
A. Khng i B. S gim xung
C. S tng ln D. Khng khng nh c
7.33. Ha tan ht 17,84 gam hn hp A gm ba kim loi l st, bc v ng bng 203,4 ml dung dch HNO3
20% (d = 1,115 g/ml) va , c 4,032 lt kh NO duy nht thot ra (ktc) v cn li dung dch B. em c cn
dung dch B, thu c m gam hn hp ba mui khan. Tr s ca m l
A. 60,27gam B. 45,64gam C. 51,32 gam D. 54,28 gam
7.34. Cho m gam FexOy tc dng vi CO, un nng, ch c phn ng CO kh oxit st, thu c 5,76 gam hn
hp cht rn X v hn hp hai kh gm CO2 v CO. Cho hn hp hai kh trn hp th vo lng nc vi
trong c d th thu c 4 gam kt ta. em ha tan ht 5,76 gam cc cht rn trn bng dung dch HNO3
long th c kh NO thot ra v thu c 19,36 gam mt mui duy nht. Tr s ca m v cng thc ca FexOy
l
A. 6,40; Fe3O4 B. 9,28; Fe2O3
C. 9,28; FeO D. 6,40; Fe2O3
7.35. Hn hp A dng bt gm Fe2O3 v Al2O3. Cho kh H2 d tc dng hon ton vi 14,12 gam hn hp A
nung nng, thu c hn hp cht rn B. Ha tan ht hn hp B bng dung dch HCl th thy thot ra 2,24 lt
khi hiro iu kin tiu chun. Phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A l
A. 60% Fe2O3; 40% Al2O3 B. 52,48% Fe2O3; 47,52% Al2O3
C. 40% Fe2O3; 60% Al2O3 D. 56,66% Fe2O3; 43,34% Al2O3
7.36. Ho tan hon ton 2 gam hn hp gm Al, Zn, Fe vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c 0,224 lt kh NO
(ktc) duy nht. C cn dung dch th khi lng mui khan thu c l
A. 3,68 g B. 3,86 g C. 6,83 g D. 3,56 g
7.37. Cho 11,2 gam Fe v 2,4 gam Mg tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 long d thu c dung dch X. Cho
X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta, lc tch kt ta v nung n khi lng khng i thu
c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
112
A. 10,0 g B. 20,0 g C. 30,0 g D. 15,0 g
7.38. Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,2 mol Fe v 0,1 mol Fe2O3 vo dung dch HCl d thu c dung dch
X. Cho dung dch X tc dng ht vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta, lc tch kt ta, nung trong khng
kh n khi lng khng i thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 23 g B. 32 g C. 24 g D. 42 g
7.39. Cho 4,32 gam hn hp X gm Fe v Cu tc dng ht vi oxi d thu c 5,6 gam cht rn Y. Th tch
kh H2 (ktc) cn kh ht Y l
A. 0,896 lt B. 1,120 lt C. 2,240 lt D. 1,792 lt
7.40. kh hon ton hn hp FeO v ZnO thnh kim loi cn 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Nu em hn hp kim loi
thu c ho tan hon ton bng dung dch HCl th th tch kh H2 (ktc) thu c l
A. 4,48 lt B. 2,24 lt C. 3,36 lt D. 1,12 lt
7.41. t chy khng hon ton mt lng Fe dng ht 2,24 lt O2 (ktc), thu c hn hp A gm 4 cht rn.
Kh hon ton A bng kh CO, kh sau phn ng c dn vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Khi lng kt
ta thu c l
A. 10g. B. 20g. C. 30g. D. 40g.
7.42. Hn hp A gm Fe v oxit st. Cho dng kh CO d i qua 26 gam A nung nng, kh sau phn ng c
dn vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 44 gam kt ta. Khi lng st thu c l
A. 18,96g B. 20,72g C. 19,36g D. 11,92g
7.43. Kh hon ton 28 gam hn hp X gm MgO, Fe3O4 bng H2 d, thu c hn hp cht rn. Ho tan
hon ton cht rn thu c sau phn ng bng dung dch HCl d c dung dch Y. Cho dung dch Y tc
dng ht vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta, lc tch kt ta, nung trong khng kh n khi lng
khng i thu c 28,8 gam cht rn. Phn trm khi lng Fe3O4 l
A. 82,86% B. 80,56% C.86,95% D. 99,43%
7.44. Ho tan ht 3,44 gam hn hp X gm Fe v Fe3O4 bng dung dch HCl d thu c dung dch Y. Cho Y
tc dng ht vi dung dch NaOH d thu c kt ta, lc tch kt ta v nung n khi lng khng i thu
c 4 gam cht rn. Phn trm khi lng Fe trong X l
A. 35,26% B. 58,00% C. 32,56% D. 28,00%
7.45. Ho tan hon ton mt lng bt Fe vo dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c hn hp kh gm 0,015
mol N2O v 0,01 mol NO. Lng Fe dng l
A. 0,56g B. 0,84g C. 2,8g D. 1,4g
7.46. Trn 56 gam bt Fe v 28,8 gam bt S ri nung nng, sau khi kt thc phn ng thu c hn hp cht
rn A. Ho tan A bng dung dch HCl d thu c dung dch B v kh C. t chy ht C cn V lt kh O2
(ktc). Gi tr ca V l (cc phn ng xy ra hon ton):
A. 31,36 lt B. 20,16 lt C. 30,24lt D. 11,20 lt
7.47. Nung 11,2 gam Fe v 26 gam Zn vi mt lng S d. Sn phm thu c em ha tan ht trong dung
dch HCl, kh sinh ra c dn vo bnh ng dung dch CuSO4 10%, d = 1,1 g/ml. Th tch dung dch CuSO4
dng hp th ht kh sinh ra l
A. 500,60 ml B. 376,36 ml C. 872,72 ml D. 525,25 ml
113
7.48. Cho 2,81 gam hn hp bt gm Fe2O3, MgO, ZnO tan va trong 300 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,1M. C
cn dung dch sau phn ng th khi lng mui khan thu c l
A. 3,81g B. 4,81g C. 5,21g D. 4,8g
7.49. kh hon ton hn hp CuO, FeO cn 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). Nu kh hon ton hn hp oxit trn
bng kh CO, sau cho dng kh thot ra hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th khi lng kt ta thu
c l
A. 1,00g B. 2,00g C. 10,00g D. 20,00g
7.50. Cho 8 gam hn hp gm Mg, Fe tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d thu c dung dch A v V lt kh
(ktc). C cn dung dch A thu c 22,2 gam mui khan. Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48 lt. B. 2,24 lt. C. 3,36 lt D. 1,12 lt
7.51. Ha tan va 6 gam hn hp A gm 2 kim loi Fe, Cu vo hn hp axit HNO3, H2SO4 thu c 0,1
mol NO2 v 0,07 mol SO2. Khi lng mui khan thu c l
A. 1,41g B. 17,52g C. 29,04g D. 15,08g
7.52. Ho tan ht 12g hn hp Fe, Cu bng dung dch HNO3 c, nng d thu c 11,2 lt kh NO2 duy nht
(ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong hn hp l
A. 52,6% B. 46,7% C. 56% D. 45,6%
7.53. Ho tan ht 0,5g hn hp Fe v kim loi M (ho tr II) vo dung dch H2SO4 long thu c 1,12 lt kh
(ktc). Kim loi M l
A. Zn B. Mg C. Be D. Ca
7.54. Hn hp X gm 11,2 gam Fe v 4,8 gam Fe2O3. ho tan ht hn hp X th th tch dung dch HCl
2M phn ng ti thiu l
A. 200ml B. 180ml C. 290ml D. 260ml.
7.55. Khi nhit phn hon ton hn hp NaNO3, Fe(NO3)2 ta thu c cht rn l
A. FeO, NaNO2 B. Fe2O3, Na C. Fe3O4, Na2OD. Fe2O3, NaNO2
7.56. Kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 cn 4,48 lt CO (ktc). Khi lng st thu c l
A. 12,0g B. 11,2g C. 14,4g D. 16,5g
7.57. C mt dung dch Fe(NO3)2 b ln tp cht l Fe(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2. Cch n gin nht thu c dung
dch Fe(NO3)2 khng b ln tp cht l khuy k dung dch vi nc v mt lng d bt kim loi, sau lc
thu c dung dch Fe(NO3)2 . Bt kim loi cn dng l
A. Ag B. Fe C. Cu D. Zn.
7.58. Cho 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v Cu (trong Cu chim 10% v khi lng) vo dung dch HNO3. Sau
khi phn ng hon ton thu c 1,6 gam cht rn, dung dch Y v 2,24 lt (ktc) kh NO duy nht. Lng
mui trong dung dch Y l
A. 24,2 gam B. 27 gam C. 37 gam D. 22,4 gam
7.59. S thu c kt ta khi sc kh NH3 d vo dung dch mui:
A. Zn(NO3)2 B. Cu(NO3)2 C. Fe(NO3)2 D. AgNO3
114
7.60. Cho lung kh CO d i qua m gam hn hp X gm CuO, Fe2O3 nung nng. Sau khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton thy khi lng cht rn gim 3,2gam. Th tch dung dch H2SO4 2M ti thiu ho tan ht m
gam hn hp X l
A. 150ml B. 200ml C. 50ml D. 100ml
7.61. Dung dch CuSO4 s oxi ha c cc kim loi trong dy sau:
A. Zn, Al, Fe B. Au, Cu, Ag
C. Pb, Fe, Ag D. Fe, Cu, Hg
7.62. Nhng mt thanh st (d) vo dung dch mui AgNO3 sau mt thi gian khi lng thanh st tng thm
8 gam (gi s Ag to thnh bm ht ln thanh st). Khi lng Ag bm ln thanh Fe l
7.63. Dung dch X cha ng thi hai mi ZnCl2 0,2M v AlCl3 0,15M. Th tch ca dung dch NaOH 1M
cho vo 200ml dung dch X thu c lng kt ta ln nht l
A. 200ml B. 170ml C. 240ml D. 70ml
7.64. Trong phn ng: Cu + 4HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O.
Cht b oxi ho l
A. Cu B. Cu
2+
C. NO3
-
D. H
+
7.65. Nung nng m gam hn hp A gm oxit st FexOy v Al , Sau khi phn ng xy ra xong ( hiu sut
100%) ta c cht rn B. Cht rn B tc dng va ht vi 280 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. thy c 6,72 lt
kh H2 (ktc) bay ra v cn li 5,04 gam cht rn. Cng thc ca oxit st (FexOy) v gi tr ca m l
A. FeO v 14,52 gam B. Fe2O3 v 14,52 gam
C. Fe3O4 v 14,52 gam D. Fe3O4 v 13,2 gam
7.66. Cho 500 ml dung dch A cha Cu(NO3)2 v Al(NO3)3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thy xut hin
9,8 gam. Mt khc khi cho 500 ml dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch NH3 d li thy to 15,6 gam kt ta.
Nng ca Cu(NO3)2 v Al(NO3)3 trong dung dch A ln lt l
A. 0,2 M v 0,15 M B. 0,59M v 0,125 M
C. 0,2M v 0,4M D. 0,4M v 0,2M
7.67. T 3 tn qung cha 74% hp cht ZnCO3.ZnS, bng phng php nhit luyn (hiu sut 90%) ta iu
ch c mt lng kim loi Zn. Khi lng Zn thu c l
A. 1,17 tn B. 1,3 tn C. 1,58 tn D. 1,44 tn
7.68. Cho 0,2 mol Mg v 0,3 mol Al vo 200 ml dung dch cha Cu(NO3)2 1M v Fe(NO3)2 1,5M .Sau khi
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton ta thu c cht rn A c khi lng l
7.69. Cho m gam Fe vo 100 ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 th nng ca Cu
2+
cn li trong dung dch bng 1/2
nng ca Cu
2+
ban u v thu c 1 cht rn A c khi lng m + 0,16 gam. Tnh m v nng ban u
ca dung dch Cu(NO3)2. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton:
A. 1,12gam Fe v 0,2M B. 2,24 gam Fe v 0,2M
C. 1,12gam Fe v 0,4M. D. 2,24gam Fe v 0,3M.
7.70. Nhng phng php no sau y c th iu ch c Fe?
115
(I) Dng CO kh FeO
(II) Dng H2 kh FexOy
(III) Dng Zn tc dng vi dung dch FeCl2
(IV) Dng Ca tc dng vi dung dch FeCl2
A. I, II, III B. I, II, IV C. I, III, IV D. II, III, IV
7.71. Trong cc cht sau: Fe, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, cht no c tnh kh, cht no c c tnh xi ho v tnh kh:
cho kt qu theo th t l
A. Fe , FeSO4 B. FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3 C. Fe , Fe2(SO4)3 D. FeSO4 , Fe.
7.72. Cho hn hp Al, Fe vo dung dch Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 , kt thc phn ng thu cht rn cha 3 kim loi.
Cc kim loi l
A. Fe, Al, Ag B. Fe, Cu, Ag C. Al, Cu, Ag D. Al, Fe, Cu
7.73. Cho hn hp Fe v Cu vo dung dch HNO3 , khi phn ng kt thc thu dung dch X v cht rn Y. Cho
Y tc dng vi HCl c kh thot ra, dung dch X cha ion kim loi:
A. Fe
3+
v Cu
2+
B. Fe
3+
C. Fe
2+
D. Fe
2+
v Cu
2+
7.74. Cho mt hp cht ca st vo dung dch H2SO4 long d, thu c dung dch. Dung dch ny va tc
dng c vi KMnO4, va tc dng c vi Cu. Vy hp cht l
A. FeO B. Fe2O3 C. Fe(OH)2 D. Fe3O4
7.75. Cho m gam Fe vo 1 lt dung dch Fe(NO3)3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M, sau khi kt thc phn ng thu
c m gam kim loi. S mol Fe phn ng l
A. 0,2 mol B. 0,35 mol C. 0,55 mol D. 0,4 mol
7.76. Dy cc cht u tc dng vi dung dch Fe(NO3)2.
A. AgNO3, NaOH, Cu B. AgNO3, Br2, NH3
C. NaOH, Mg, KCl D. KI, Br2, NH3
7.77. Dy gm cc cht u tc dng c vi dung dch FeCl3.
A. Na2CO3, NH3, KI, H2S B. Fe, Cu, HCl, AgNO3
C. Br2, NH3, Fe, NaOH D. NaNO3, Cu, KMnO4, H2S
7.78. Kh hon ton 4,06 gam mt oxit kim loi bng CO thu c 0,07 mol CO2. Ly ton b kim loi sinh
ra cho vo dung dch HCl d thu c 1,176 lt H2 (ktc). Oxit kim loi l
A. Fe3O4 B. Fe2O3 C. FeO D. Cr2O3
7.79. m gam Fe trong khng kh mt thi gian thu c 12 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4.
Cho hn hp X tc dng vi H2SO4 c nng d thu 0,15mol SO2, gi tr ca m l
A. 9g B. 10,08g C. 10g D. 9,08g
7.80. Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi Cu:
A. dd AgNO3, O2, dd H3PO4, Cl2
B. dd FeCl3, Br2, dd HCl ho tan O2, dd HNO3
C. dd FeCl3, dd HNO3, dd HCl , S
D. dd FeSO4, dd H2SO4 , Cl2, O3
116
7.81. Nung 67,2 gam hn hp Fe(NO3)3 v Cu(NO3)2, sau phn ng thu c 4,48 lt oxi (ktc), cht rn sau
khi nung c khi lng:
7.82. Cho Fe3O4 vo H2SO4 long, d thu c dung dch X. Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi dung dch X:
A. KMnO4, Br2, Cu B. Br2, KMnO4, HCl
C. Br2, Cu, Ag D. Fe, NaOH, Na2SO4
7.83. Nguyn t nguyn t Fe c z = 26, cu hnh electron ca Fe
2+
l
A. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
6
4s
2
B. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
8
C. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
6
D. 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
4s
1
7.84. Cho 5,6 gam bt Fe tc dng vi oxi, thu c 7,36 gam hn hp X gm 3 cht Fe, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3. Cho
hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 c nng d, thu c V lt kh NO2. Th tch kh NO2 ktc l
A. 6,720lt B. 2,464lt C. 1,792lt D. 0,896lt
7.85. Hn hp A gm Cu , Fe c t l khi lng mCu : mFe = 7. 3. Ly m gam A cho phn ng ht vi 44,1
gam HNO3 trong dung dch, thu c 0,75m gam cht rn, dung dch B v 5,6 lt kh C gm NO2 v NO
(ktc). Gi tr ca m l
7.86. Cho s phn ng : Fe3O4 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO +N2O + H2O.
Bit t l s mol ca NO v N2O l 1 : 2. Tng h s ti gin ca Fe3O4 v HNO3 trong phng trnh phn ng
trn sau khi cn bng phng trnh l
A. 113 B. 195 C. 115 D. 192
7.87. Phng php iu ch Fe trong cng nghip l
A. in phn dung dch FeCl2 C. Kh Fe2O3 bng Al
B. Kh Fe2O3 bng CO nhit cao D. Kh Fe2O3 bng H2 nhit cao
7.88. Trn u hn hp gm bt Al v bt Fe2O3, sau tin hnh nung (khng c khng kh ) phn ng
nhit nhm xy ra hon ton th thu c cht rn A . Ho tan A vo dung dch NaOH d thu c dung dch
B, cht rn C v kh D. Vy trong A gm nhng cht g?
A. Al2O3, Fe B. Al2O3, Fe, Al
C. Al2O3, Fe, Fe2O3 D. Al2O3, Fe, Fe2O3, Al
7.89. Trong cng nghip, ngi ta thng s dng phng php no sau y iu ch CuSO4?
A. Cho Cu phn ng vi dung dch Ag2SO4
B. Cho Cu phn ng vi H2SO4 c nng
C. Cho Cu phn ng vi H2SO4 long
D. Cho Cu phn ng vi H2SO4 long, c sc oxi
7.90. Khi cho t t dung dch NH3 vo dung dch CuSO4 cho n d th:
A. Khng thy kt ta xut hin
B. C kt ta keo xanh xut hin sau tan
C. C kt ta keo xanh xut hin v khng tan
D. Sau 1 thi gian mi thy xut hin kt ta
117
7.91. Khng nh no sau y l sai?
A. Hn hp Na2O + Al2O3 c th tan ht trong H2O
B. Hn hp Fe2O3 + Cu c th tan ht trong dung dch HCl
C. Hn hp KNO3 + Cu c th tan ht trong dung dch NaHSO4
D. Hn hp FeS + CuS c th tan ht trong dung dch HCl
7.92. Ho tan hon ton 20 gam hn hp Mg, Fe vo dung dch HCl thu c 1 gam kh H2. Nu em c cn
dung dch sau phn ng th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 50 gam B. 55,5 gam C. 60 gam D. 60,5 gam
7.93. bo qun dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 trnh hin tng thu phn, ngi ta thng nh vo t git dung
dch:
A. H2SO4 B. NaOH C. NH3 D. BaCl2
7.94. Cho s chuyn ho sau:
B D + G
Fe A
C E + G
Vy A l cht no sau y?
A. FeO B. Fe2O3 C. Fe3O4 D. FeS
7.95. C th thu c kt ta FeS bng cch cho dung dch FeSO4 tc dng vi dung dch no sau y?
A. H2S B. Na2S C. CuS D. FeS2.
7.96. Ho tan hn hp X gm CuSO4 v AlCl3 vo nc thu c dung dch A. Chia A thnh 2 phn bng
nhau:
- Phn 1 cho phn ng vi dung dch BaCl2 d thu c 6,99 gam kt ta.
- Phn 2 phn ng vi NaOH d thu kt ta. Lc, nung kt ta n khi lng khng i thu m gam
cht rn.
Gi tr ca m l
7.97. Cho hn hp bt X gm 3 kim loi Fe, Cu, Ag. tch nhanh Ag ra khi X m khng lm thay i khi
lng c th dng nhng ho cht no sau y?
A. Dung dch AgNO3 B. Dung dch HCl, kh O2
C. Dung dch FeCl3 D. Dung dch HNO2
7.98. Ly 2,98 gam hn hp X gm Zn v Fe cho vo 200 ml dung dch HCl, sau khi phn ng hon ton ta
c cn (trong iu kin khng c oxi) th c 5,82 gam cht rn. Tnh th tch H2 bay ra (ktc)?
A. 0,224 lt B. 0,448 lt C. 0,896 lt D. 0,336 lt
7.99. C 1 cc ng dung dch HCl, nhng 1 l ng mng vo cc, quan st bng mt thng khng thy c
hin tng g xy ra. Tuy nhin, nu lu ngy, dung dch trong cc dn chuyn sang mu xanh. L ng c
th b t ch tip xc vi b mt thong ca cc axit. Nguyn nhn ca hin tng trn l
A. ng c tc dng chm vi axit HCl
B. ng c tc dng vi dung dch HCl long khi c mt oxi
118
+O
2
, t
0
+ HCl d
NaOH
NaOH
C. Xy ra hin tng n mn in ho
D. ng b th ng trong axit HCl
7.100. Khng nh no sau y l sai?
A. Mt cht oxi ha gp mt cht kh s c phn ng oxi ho - kh xy ra
B. Al2O3 khng tan c trong dung dch NH3
C. Axit yu cng c th y c axit mnh ra khi mui
D. Kim loi Cu tan c trong dung dch Fe2(SO4)3
7.101. Cho 1 gam bt Fe tip xc vi oxi 1 thi gian, thy khi lng bt vt qu 1,41 gam. Nu ch to
thnh 1 oxit st duy nht th oxit l
A. FeO B. Fe2O3 C. Fe3O4 D. FeO v Fe3O4
7.102. Cho hn hp bt gm 5,4 gam Al v 4,8 gam Fe2O3. t chy hn hp thc hin phn ng nhit
nhm thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn sau phn ng?
7.103. Cn ly bao nhiu gam tinh th CuSO4. 5H2O v bao nhiu gam dung dch CuSO4 8% iu ch c
560 gam dung dch CuSO4 16%?
A. 80 gam CuSO4 .5H2O v 480 gam dung dch CuSO4 8%
B. 60 gam CuSO4 .5H2O v 500 gam dung dch CuSO4 8%
C. 100 gam CuSO4 .5H2O v 460 gam dung dch CuSO4 8%
D. 120 gam CuSO4 .5H2O v 440 gam dung dch CuSO4 8%
7.104. Khi ly 14,25 gam mui clorua ca mt kim loi M ch c ha tr II v mt lng mui nitrat ca M
vi s mol nh nhau th thy khi lng khc nhau l 7,95 gam. Cng thc ca 2 mui l
A. MgCl2, Mg(NO3)2 B. CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2
C. ZnCl2, Zn(NO3)2 D. CuCl2, Cu(NO3)2
7.105. Hn hp A gm Cu, Fe c t l khi lng mCu : mFe = 7: 3. Ly m gam A cho phn ng hon ton vi
44,1 gam HNO3 thu c 0,75m gam cht rn, dung dch B v 5,6 lt kh C gm NO, NO2 (ktc). Tnh m?
7.106. C mt loi qung pirit cha 96% FeS2. Nu mi ngy nh my sn xut 100 tn H2SO4 98% v hiu
sut iu ch H2SO4 l 90% th lng qung pirit cn dng l
A. 69,44 tn B. 56,25 tn C. 67,44 tn D. 60,00 tn.
7.107. Cho s phn ng:
Rn (X1) Rn (X2) X3.
Mui (X)
hh kh dd (X4) X
Mui X c th l
A. CuSO4 B. Cu(NO3)2 C. CaCO3 D. (NH4)2CO3
7.108. Cc vt dng bng ng b oxi ho, c th dng ho cht no sau y nh bng vt nh mi?
A. Dung dch HCl B. Dung dch HNO3
C. Dung dch NH3 D. Dung dch C2H5OH, un nng
119
t
0
H
2
,t
0
FeCl
3
H
2
O X
2
7.109. Hp cht X l 1 mui c mu xanh nht, tan trong nc, c phn ng axit yu. Cho dung dch nc ca
X phn ng vi NH3 d th mi u c kt ta, sau kt ta tan v cho dung dch c mu xanh m. Cho
H2S li qua dung dch X c axit ho bng dung dch HCl thy c kt ta en xut hin. Cho BaCl2 vo
dung dch X c kt ta trng, khng tan trong axit. Xc nh mui X?
A. NiSO4 B. CuSO4 C. CuSO4 .5H2O D. CuCl2
7.110. Ho tan 36 gam hn hp bt ng v oxit st t theo t l mol 2 : 1 bng dung dch HCl d, phn ng
xong thu c dung dch X v cht rn Y. Khi lng cht rn Y bng
A. 12,8 gam. B. 6,4 gam. C. 23,2 gam. D. 16,0 gam
7.111. Trong nc ngm thng c cc cht Fe(HCO3)2 v FeSO4. Hm lng st trong nc cao thng lm
cho nc c mi tanh, lu c mu vng gy nh hng ti sc kho v sinh hot con ngi. Ngi ta
xut 3 phng php sau:
1. Dng gin phun ma hoc b trn cho nc ngm c tip xc nhiu vi khng kh ri lng lc
2. Sc kh clo vo b nc ngm vi liu lng thch hp
3. Sc khng kh giu oxi vo b nc ngm
Phng php c chn loi st ra khi nc ngm l
A. phng php 3 B. phng php 1
C. c 3 phng php D. phng php 2
7.112. Cho cc cht rn: CaCO3, Fe(NO3)2, FeS, CuS, NaCl v cc dung dch HCl, H2SO4 long. Nu cho ln
lt tng cht rn vo tng dung dch axit th bao nhiu trng hp c phn ng xy ra?
A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 7
7.113. Phng trnh ha hc c vit ng l ?
A. Na2SO4 + Cl2 + H2O

NaCl + H2SO4
B. CuO + HNO3

Cu(NO3)2 + NO2 + H2O
C. Fe3O4 + H2SO4

Fe2(SO4)3 + FeSO4 + H2O
D. H2S + CuSO4

CuS + H2SO4
7.114. Cho 45 gam hn hp bt Fe v Fe3O4 vo V lt dung dch HCl 1M, khuy u cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton, thy thot ra 4,48 lt kh (ktc) v 5 gam kim loi khng tan. Gi tr ca V l
A. 1,2 lt B. 1,4 lt C. 0,4 lt D. 0,6 lt
7.115. Hin tng xy ra khi cho dung dch mui Fe(NO3)2 vo dung dch AgNO3.
A. Ch c dung dch chuyn mu
B. Ch c kt ta trng
C. C kt ta trng v chuyn mu dung dch.
D. Khng c hin tng.
7.116. Ion no di y khng c cu hnh electron ca kh him?
A. Na
+
B. Fe
2+
C. Al
3+
D. Cl
-
7.117. Cho hn hp Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch HNO3, phn ng xong thu c dung dch A ch cha 1
cht tan. Cht tan l
120
A. Fe(NO3)3 B. Cu(NO3)2 C. Fe(NO3)2 D. HNO3
B. P N
7.1 A 7.21 A 7.41 B 7.61 A 7.81 B 7.101 B
7.2 A 7.22 B 7.42 A 7.62 A 7.82 A 7.102 B
7.3 A 7.23 A 7.43 A 7.63 B 7.83 C 7.103 A
7.4 C 7.24 C 7.44 C 7.64 A 7.84 C 7.104 A
7.5 C 7.25 C 7.45 C 7.65 C 7.85 D 7.105 D
7.6 D 7.26 B 7.46 A 7.66 C 7.86 B 7.106 A
7.7 A 7.27 B 7.47 C 7.67 A 7.87 B 7.107 B
7.8 C 7.28 C 7.48 C 7.68 B 7.88 B 7.108 C
7.9 D 7.29 D 7.49 D 7.69 C 7.89 D 7.109 B
7.10 D 7.30 B 7.50 A 7.70 A 7.90 B 7.110 B
7.11 C 7.31 A 7.51 B 7.71 A 7.91 D 7.111 B
7.12 C 7.32 A 7.52 B 7.72 B 7.92 B 7.112 A
7.13 A 7.33 C 7.53 C 7.73 C 7.93 A 7.113 D
7.14 C 7.34 D 7.54 D 7.74 D 7.94 C 7.114 A
7.15 B 7.35 D 7.55 D 7.75 D 7.95 B 7.115 C
7.16 B 7.36 B 7.56 C 7.76 B 7.96 A 7.116 B
7.17 C 7.37 B 7.57 B 7.77 A 7.97 C 7.117 C
7.18 B 7.38 B 7.58 B 7.78 A 7.98 C 7.118
7.19 B 7.39 D 7.59 C 7.79 B 7.99 B 7.119
7.20 C 7.40 B 7.60 D 7.80 B 7.100 A 7.120
C. HNG DN GII
7.4. t Fe trong oxi Fe + O2 Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO, Fe d (hn hp X)
Hn hp X + HCl d

FeCl2, FeCl3 v HCl d
p n C
7.7. FeCl2 + 2 NaOH

Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
ZnCl2 + 4NaOHd

Na2ZnO2 + 2NaCl + 2H2O
4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + H2O

4Fe(OH)3
Fe(OH)3

o
t
Fe2O3 + H2O
Vy cht rn l Fe2O3
p n A
7.11. t mu thp th C trong thp chy thnh CO2
C + O2
CO2

2
CO
n
= nc = 0,035 mc = 0,035.12 = 0,42 g %C = 0,84% p n C
7.18. FexOy + yCO

xFe + yCO2
mo =27,58
4
3
100
58 , 27
16 56
16

+ y
x
y x
y
p n B
7.19. FeCl2 + 2 NaOH

Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
121
Fe(OH)2

o
t
FeO + H2O
3FeO + 10HNO3
3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 5H2O
2
FeCl
n
= nFeO = 3nNO = 0,015 mol C = 0,15M p n B
7.20 . Cht rn l Fe kim loi trong hp cht FexOy
% Fe =
4
3
16 56
56
08 , 44
92 , 31

+
y
x
y x
x
(Fe3O4) p n C
7.21 . p dng nh lut bo ton e cho s
Fe2O3
3
3
+ + +
Fe X hh
HNO CO
Vy C
+2
- 2e

C
+ 4
N
+ 5
+ 1e

N
+ 4
(NO2)
a 2a 0,26 0,26
2a = 0,26
a = 0,13
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng.
Fe2O3 + CO

hn hp X + CO2
m 0,13 .28 19,32 0,13 .44
m = 21,4 gam p n A
7.22. Ta c s
Al +
'
'
+
+
+
2
3
3
2 3 2
Cu
Al
Fe
A h
CuO
O Fe
Vy c th xem nh Al phn ng vi HNO3
Al - 3e

Al
3+
N
+5
+ 3e

N
+2
0,02 0,06 N
+5
+ 1e

N
+4
'
+
+
06 , 0 3
04 , 0
y x
y x
x = 0,01, y = 0,03
42
04 , 0
46 . 03 , 0 01 , 0 . 30
+
M
, d X/H2 = 21 p n B
7.23 . Phng trnh ho hc
10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe(SO4)3 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O
0,05 0,01
mFeSO
4
= 152 . 0,05 = 7,6g p n A
Fe + 4HNO3

Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
0,2 0,2 0,2
122
x
y
3x
y
M nFe = 3 , 0
56
8 , 16
Vy 2Fe(NO3)3 + Fe

3Fe(NO3)2
0,2 0,1 0,3
mmui = 0,3.180 = 54,0gam p n C
Fe3O4 + 8HCl

FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O
0,1 0,8 0,1 0,2
Fe + FeCl3

3FeCl2
0,1 0,2
VHCl = 1,6 lt p n B
7.28. Ta c s :
Fe, Cu
'

+
+
+ +
2
3
2
4 2 2
Cu
Fe
B h
SO H O
mO
2
= 63,2 - 56x - 64. 0,15 = 53,6 - 56x
p dng nh lut bo ton e ta c
Cu 2e Cu
2+
O2 + 4e

2O
2-
0,15 0,3
8
56 6 , 53
32
56 6 , 53 x x
Fe 3e

Fe
3+
S
6+
+ 2e

S
4+
x 3x 0,6 0,3
0,3 + 3x = 0,6 +
8
56 6 , 53 x

x = 0,7 mol p n C
7.29. p dng nh lut bo ton e
Zn 2e

Zn
2+
N
+5
+ 3e

N
+2
(NO)

Fe 3e

Fe
3+
2N
+5
+ 8e

2N
+1
(N2O)

2N
+5
+ 10e

2N
0
(N2)
'
'
+
+
12 , 0
04 , 0
36 , 32 189 242
36 , 0 2 3
y
x
y x
y x
Vy x + y = 0,16 mol p n D
2Al + Fe2O3

Al2O3 + 2Fe
Sn phm : Fe, Al2O3, Al d
123
0,06
0,01
0,01
0,08
0,18
0,1
x 2x
y 3y
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O

2NaAlO2 + 3H2
0,1 0,15
nAl phn ng = 0,2
g n
O Fe
16 160 . 1 , 0
3 2

p n B
CO2 + Ca(OH)2

CaCO3 + H2O
a a a
2CO2 + Ca(OH)2

Ca(HCO3)2
2b b b
'
+
2 , 0
4 , 0
a
b a

'
2 , 0
2 , 0
b
a

6 , 0
2

CO
n
FeCO3

0
t
FeO + CO2
0,6 0,6
6 , 69
3

FeCO
m
; % FeCO3 = 60% p n A
7.32. 2FeCO3 + 1/2O2

0
t
Fe2O3 + 2CO2
a a/4 a
2FeS2 + 11/2O2

0
t
Fe2O3 + 4SO2
a 11a/4 2a
mol kh sinh ra l a + 2a = 3a
mol kh O2 phn ng a a
4
11
4
1
+ = 3a
Vy p sut ca bnh khng i do s mol khng i p n A
7.33. p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng
hn hp A + HNO3

hn hp mui + NO + H2O
Ta c
3 2
2
1
HNO O H
n n v HNO3 phn ng ht ta c
3
HNO
n
= 0,72 ,
O H
n
2
= 0,36 ,
NO
n = 0,14
mmui =
32 , 51
2 3
+
O H NO HNO A
m m m m
gam p n C
FexOy + CO

hn hp X + CO2
Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c
gam m
y x
O Fe
4 , 6
FexOy
3 2 +
xFe X h
nmui = nFe = 0,08 mol mFe = 0,08.56 = 4,48gam
trong FexOy
124
%Fe =
3 : 2 :
4 , 6
48 , 4
16 56
56

+
y x
y x
x

cng thc oxit = Fe2O3 p n D
Fe2O3 + H2

2Fe + H2O (Al2O3 khng phn ng vi H2)
0,05 0,1
Fe + 2HCl

FeCl2 + H2
0,1 0,1
%Fe2O3 =
% 66 , 56 100 .
12 , 14
8
p n D
7.36 Phng trnh ha hc:
Al + 4HNO3

Al(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
Fe + 4HNO3

3Zn + 8HNO3

3Zn(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
Gi s mol kim loi tng ng l x, y, z.
27x + 56y + 65z = 2
mmui = (27 + 62.3)x + (56 + 62.3)y + (65 + 62.2)z
= 27x + 27y + 65z +62(3x +3y +2z)
= 2 + 62.(3x + 3y + 2z)
M nNO = x + y +
3
2
z = 0,01
mmui = 2 + 62.3.0,01 = 3,86g p n B
7.37. Ta c s Fe (x)

Fe2O3 (x/2) mol
Mg (y)

MgO (y) mol
Vi x = mol 2 , 0
56
2 , 11
; y = mol 1 , 0
24
4 , 2

vy mcht rn = 0,1.160 + 0,1.40 = 20 gam p n B
7.38. Ta c s Fe (0,2)

Fe2O3 (0,1) mol
Fe2O3 (0,1)

Fe2O3 (0,1) mol
Gi tr m = 0,2.160 = 32 gam p n B
7.39. noxi phn ng vi kim loi bng
2
H
n
phn ng vi oxit
08 , 0
16
32 , 4 6 , 5
O
n mol
2
H
V
= 0,08.22,4 = 1,292 lt p n D
7.40. Nhn xt: s mol H2 dng kh cc oxit bng s mol H2 do HCl oxi ha cc kim loi to thnh vy V
= 22,4 lt. p n B
125
7.41 Hn hp Fe Fe A h
CO O

+ + 2
2
xem nh 2CO + O2

2CO2
0,1 0,2
g m
CaCO
20 100 . 2 , 0
3

p n B
7.42. Phng trnh ha hc: CO + O CO2
0,44 0,44
mO = 0,44.16 = 7,04 gam mFe = mA - mO = 26 7,04 = 18,96 gam
p n A
7.43. Ban u Fe3O4 a MgO b (mol)
Sau phn ng Fe2O3
2
3
a (tnh theo Fe) MgO b (mol)

'
+
+
28,8 40b 240a
28 40b 232a
8a = 0,8a a = 0,1
%Fe3O4 = % 86 , 82 100 .
28
232 . 1 , 0
p n A
7.44. Gi x, y ln lt l s mol Fe, Fe3O4
Fe (x)

Fe2O3 (
2
x
); Fe3O4 (y)

Fe2O3 (
2
3
y) mol
'
'
+
+
01 , 0
02 , 0
4 240 80
44 , 3 232 56
y
x
y x
y x
%Fe =
% 56 , 32 100 .
44 , 3
56 . 02 , 0
p n C
7.45. p dng nh lut bo ton electron:
Gi s mol Fe l x mol. 3x = 0,015.8 + 0,01.3 =0,15 mol
x = 0,05 mol vy mFe = 0,05.56 = 2,8 gam p n C
7.46 Fe + S
FeS
0,9 0,9 0,9
Hn hp cht rn A: Fe d, FeS: 0,9 mol
Fe + 2HCl
FeCl2 + H2 FeS + 2HCl
FeCl2 + H2S
2H2 + O2
2H2O 2H2S + 3O2
H2O + 2SO2
Theo phng trnh: n
2
O
= 1,4 mol V
2
O
= 31,36 lt p n A
Fe + S FeS H2S; Zn + S ZnS H2S
0,2 0,2 0,4 0,4
mol n
S H
6 , 0
2

CuSO4 + H2S CuS + H2SO4
mol n
CuSO
6 , 0
4
; m dd = 0,6.160.
10
100
= 960gam V = 872,72 ml p n C
126
7.48. Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng p n C
n
2
H
= 0,2 V = 4,48 lt p n A
7.51. Do c kh SO2 bay ra nn gc NO3
-
phn ng ht. Vy mui thu c l Fe2(SO4)3, CuSO4.
Theo nh lut bo ton electron ta c h:
'
'
+
+
057 , 0
042 , 0
24 , 0 2 3
6 64 56
y
x
y x
y x

Khi lng mui l m = 17,52gam p n B
7.52. Gi s mol ca Fe, Cu ln lt l x, y. ta c 56x + 64y = 12 gam (1)
Bo ton electron cho cc phn ng: 3x + 2y =
2
NO
n
= 0,5 mol (2)
T (1), (2) gii c x = y = 0,1mol %Fe = % 7 , 46 100 .
12
56 . 1 , 0
p n B
7.53. t
M
l khi lng phn t trung bnh ca hai kim loi
Phng trnh ha hc:
M
+ H2SO4
M
2SO4 + H2
0,05 0,05
M
=
10
05 , 0
5 , 0
m Fe =56 nn ch c Be = 9 tha mn p n C
7.54. Phng trnh ha hc: Fe2O3 + 6HCl 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
2FeCl3 + Fe 3FeCl2
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
T phng trnh ta c nHCl = 0,52 mol V = 0,26 lt p n D
CO + O (oxit) CO2
0,2 0,2
mFe = 17,6- 16.0,2 = 14,4 gam p n C
7.58. Ban u mCu = 1gam, mFe = 9 gam vy m Fe phn ng = 10 - 1,6 = 8,4gam
Fe + 4HNO3

0,1 0,1
2Fe(NO3)3 + Fe 3Fe(NO3)2
0,1 0,05 0,15
mmui = 27 gam p n B
7.60. Khi lng oxi trong oxit l 3,2 gam
S mol axit cn ha tan axit phi bng s mol oxi trong oxit
naxit = mol 2 , 0
16
2 , 3
V = 1 , 0
2
2 , 0
lt (100 ml) p n D
7.62. Phng trnh ha hc (v Fe d nn ch to ra mui Fe(II))
2AgNO3 + Fe Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag
127
a 2a
ta c 108.2a 56a = 8 gam A = 0,05 mol
mAg = 108.0,1 =10,8 gam p n A
ZnCl2 + 2NaOH Zn(OH)2 + 2NaCl
0,04 0,08
AlCl3 + 3NaOH Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl
0,03 0,09
nNaOH = 0,17 mol, VNaOH = 0,17 lt = 170 ml p n B
2y Al + 3 FexOy y Al2O3 + 3x Fe (1)
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 (2)
Al2O3 + 2 NaOH 2NaAlO2 + H2O (3)
T phng trnh (2), (3) ta tnh c nAl = 0,2 mol;
3 2
O Al
n
= 0,04 mol
T phng trnh (1) nFe = 0,09 mol,
3 2
O Al
n
= 0,04 mol
04 , 0
09 , 0 3
3 2

y
x
n
n
O Al
Fe
x : y = 3 : 4 Cng thc st oxit l Fe3O4
m =
3 2
O Fe
m
+ mAl phn ng + mAl d = 14,52 gam p n C
7.66. Vi dung dch NaOH d ch c Cu(NO3)2 kt ta
Cu(NO3)2 + NaOH Cu(OH)2 + 2NaCl
0,1 0,1
Vi dung dch NH3 d ch c Al(NO3)3 kt ta
Al(NO3)3 + 3NH3 + 3H2O Al(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl
0,2 0,2
Nng cc mui Cu(NO3)2, Al(NO3)3 ln lt l: 0,2M v 0,4M p n C
7.67. mol n
ZnS ZnCO
6
6
.
10 . 01 , 0
222
74 , 0 . 10 . 3
3

T 1mol ZnCO3.ZnS ta iu ch c 2 mol Zn
Vy mZn = 1,17 tn p n A
7.68.
mol n
NO Cu
2 , 0
2 3
) (

mol n
NO Fe
3 , 0
2 3
) (

Phng trnh ha hc:
Mg + Cu(NO3)2 Mg(NO3)2 + Cu
2Al + 3Fe(NO3)2 2Al(NO3)3 + 3Fe
T phng trnh phn ng nAl d = 0,1 mol
mrn = mFe + mCu + mAl d =32,3 gam p n B
128
nFe = 0,02 mol
bd CuSO
n
4
= 0,04 mol p n C
Fe + 2Fe(NO3)3 3Fe(NO3)2
0,05 0,1
Fe + Cu(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)2 + Cu
x x
Ta c: (0,05 + x).56 = 64x x= 0,35 nFe p = 0,4 mol p n D
Fe

+
2
O
hn hp A

+
3
HNO
Fe
+3
Fe 3e
Fe
+3
O2 + 4e
2O
2-
0,1 0,3 N
+5
+ 1e
N
+4
(NO2)
0,3 = 4nO
2
+ nNO
2
= NO
n . 3 4 .
32
6 , 5 36 , 7
+

VNO
2
= 1,792 lt

p n C
7.92. Bo ton khi lng ta tm c khi lng mui l: m = 55,5 gam

p n B
7.96. Phng trnh ha hc CuSO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + CuCl2
0,03 0,03
CuSO4 + NaOH Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
0,03 0,03
Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O
Khi lng cht rn l: m = 0,03.80 = 2,4 gam p n A
7.98. Khi lng clo trong mui l: m = 5,82 2,98 = 2,84 gam
nCl =
mol 08 , 0
5 , 35
84 , 2
nH = 0,08 mol vy
mol n
H
04 , 0
2

V = 0,896 lt p n C
7.101. Phng trnh ha hc: 2x Fe + yO2 2FexOy

56
1

x
y
2 . 56
M ta c mFe +
2
O
m
> 1,41 gam
2
O
m
= 32.
x
y
2 . 56
> 0,41 vy
x
y
> 1,435
Vy ch c oxit Fe2O3 ph hp p n B
7.103. Xem CuSO4.5H2O nh mt dung dch c C% = % 64 100 .
250
160

p dng quy tc ng cho
m1: 64% 8
16%
129
m2: 8% 48
Vy
48
8
2
1
m
m
m m1 + m2 = 560 m1 = 80 gam, m2 = 480 gam
p n A
7.104. MCl2 a mol M(NO3)2 a mol
'
'
+ +
+
15 , 0
24
95 , 7 25 , 14 ) 124 (
25 , 14 ) 71 (
a
M
a M
a M
Vy 2 mui l MgCl2 v Mg(NO3)2 p n A
7.105. Trong m gam A c 0,7 m gam Cu, 0,3 m gam Fe phn ng vi HNO3 d 0,75 , ch c Fe phn ng
vi 0,25 m, vy ta c
Fe

e 3
Fe
3+

+Fe
Fe
2+
(Fe(NO3)2)
7 , 0
63
1 , 44
3

HNO
n ; nkh =
mol 25 , 0
4 , 22
6 , 5
Bo ton Nguyn t nit ta c

) ( ) ( ) ) ( ( ) (
2 2 3 3
NO N NO N NO Fe N HNO N
n n n n + +
Vy
) ) ( (
2 3
NO Fe N
n
= 0,7 0,25 = 0,45
trong Fe(NO3)2 c 2N nn
mol n 225 , 0
2
45 , 0
) Fe(NO
2 3
; mFe phn ng = 0,225.56 = 12,6 gam
Vy m =
gam 4 , 50
25 , 0
6 , 12
p n D
7.106. Khi lng H2SO4 sn xut 1 ngy l 98 tn
ta c s FeS2

2H2SO4
0,5 1
2
FeS
m
= 0,5.120 = 60 tn
v H = 90% nn
2
FeS
m
= 66,67 tn mqung =
96
100
66,67. = 69,44 tn
p n A
7.110. Gi s mol Fe3O4 l x ta c
64.2x + 232x = 36 x = 0,1
Fe3O4 + 8HCl

2FeCl3 + FeCl2 + H2O
0,1 0,2
2FeCl3 + Cu

FeCl2 + CuCl2
0,2 0,1
Cu d = 0,1 mol, mCu = 6,4 gam p n C
7.114. Khi lng Fe v Fe3O4 phn ng
130
m = 45 5 = 40 gam. St d 5 gam
ta c : Fe3O4 + 8HCl

2FeCl3 + FeCl2 + H2O
a 8a 2a a
2FeCl3 + Fe

3FeCl2
2a a
Fe + 2HCl

FeCl2 + H2
0,2 0,4 0,2
ta c 232a + 56a + 56.0,2 = 40 a = 0,1
nHCl = 8a + 0,4 = 1,2 mol
V = 1,2 lt p n A
CHNG 8.
NHN BIT MT S CHT V C CHUN DUNG DCH
131
A. BI TP
8.1. Ch dng mt dung dch ho cht thch hp, c th phn bit 3 kim loi ring bit: Na, Ba, Cu. Dung dch
l
A. HNO3 B. NaOH C. H2SO4 D. HCl
8.2. C 3 bnh cha cc kh SO2, O2 v CO2. Phng php thc nghim nhn bit cc kh trn l:
A. Cho tng kh li qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, dng u que m cn tn .
B. Cho tng kh li qua dung dch H2S, sau li qua dung dch Ca(OH)2
C. Cho cnh hoa hng vo cc kh, sau li qua dung dch NaOH
D. Cho tng kh i qua dung dch Ca(OH)2, sau li qua dung dch Br2
8.3. phn bit cc dung dch ring bit: dung dch NaCl, nc Javen, dung dch KI ta c th dng mt
thuc th, l
A. Dung dch HCl B. Dung dch AgNO3
C. Dung dch KMnO4 D. Dung dch NaOH
8.4. phn bit cc dung dch ( ring bit): CrCl2, CuCl2, NH4Cl, CrCl3 v (NH4)2SO4 ta ch cn dng mt
dung dch thuc th l
A. dung dch NaOH. B. Ba(OH)2.
C. BaCl2. D. AgNO3.
8.5. C 5 l ng 5 cht bt trng ring bit sau: NaCl, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, BaCO3, BaSO4 c th dng nhm
ho cht no sau y phn bit c tng l?
A. H2O v CO2 B. H2O v NaOH
C. AgNO3 v H2O D. H2O v qu tm
8.6. C bn ng nghim mt nhn ng ring bit cc dung dch khng mu gm NH4HCO3; NaAlO2;
C6H5ONa; C2H5OH. Ch dng mt ho cht no sau y phn bit bn dung dch trn?
A. Dung dch NaOH. B. Dung dch HCl.
C. Kh CO2. D. Dung dch BaCl2.
8.7. phn bit 6 dung dch NaNO3, Fe(NO3)3, Al(NO3)3, Mg(NO3)2, NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4 ch cn dng
thuc th sau:
A. Dung dch H2SO4. B. Dung dch NaOH.
C. Dung dch NH3. D. Dung dch Ba(OH)2.
8.8. phn bit 2 cht kh CO2 v SO2 ta ch cn dng mt thuc th l
A. Nc vi trong. B. Nc brom.
C. Dung dch qu tm. D. Dung dch BaCl2.
8.9. nhn bit cc cht rn ring bit gm: Mg, Al, Al2O3 ta dng:
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch HCl
C. H2O D. Dung dch NH3
8.10. phn bit O2 v O3 , ngi ta dng thuc th no ?
A. Dung dch CuSO4. B. Dung dch H2SO4.
C. Dung dch KI v h tinh bt. D. Nc
132
8.11. phn bit cc dung dch ring bit :CrCl2, CuCl2, NH4Cl, CrCl3 , (NH4)2SO4 ta ch cn dng mt dung
dch thuc th l:
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Ba(OH)2
C. BaCl2 D. AgNO3
8.12. phn bit 2 bnh kh HCl v Cl2 ring bit, c th s dng thuc th no sau y?
A. Giy tm dung dch phenolphtalein
B. Giy tm h tinh bt v dung dch KI
C. Giy tm dung dch NaOH
D. Giy tm dung dch CuSO4
8.13. Ch dng qu tm c th nhn bit c nhng cht no sau: AgNO3, MgCl2, HCl, HNO3, Ba(OH)2
A. HCl, H2SO4, Ba(OH)2
B. HCl, AgNO3, Ba(OH)2
C. AgNO3, MgCl2, Ba(OH)2
D. AgNO3, MgCl2, HCl, HNO3, Ba(OH)2
8.14. Ch dng phenolphtalein c th phn bit c 3 dung dch no sau y?
A. KOH, KCl, K2SO4 B. KOH, KCl, NaCl
C. KOH, NaOH, H2SO4 D. KOH, KCl, H2SO4
8.15. Ch dng NaOH c th nhn bit c dy ho cht no trong cc dy sau y ?
A. Na2CO3, AgNO3, CaCl2, HCl B. H2SO4, Na2SO4, MgSO4, AlCl3
C. CuCl2, AlCl3, CaCl2, NaCl D. AlCl3, Zn(NO3)2, FeCl3, MgSO4
8.16. Ch dng qu tm nhn bit cc cht ring bit trong dy dung dch no sau y ?
A. Na2CO3, K2SO3, CaCl2, HCl B. Na2CO3, NaOH, HCl, Ba(OH)2
C. Al(NO3)3, FeSO4, CuCl2, NH4Cl, HCl D. H3PO4, H2SO4, HCl, H2O.
8.17. nhn bit dy dung dch: HCl, NaOH, Na2SO4, NH4Cl, NaCl, BaCl2, AgNO3 th cn dng t nht bao
nhiu loi thuc th:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D, 4
8.18. nhn bit 3 ng nghim ng 3 dung dch HCl, H2SO4, NaOH c cng nng ta dng :
A. Al B. Phenolphthalein C. AlCl3 D. Fe, Al
8.19. nhn bit dy ho cht sau ( dng dung dch) KOH, HCl, FeCl3, Pb(NO3)2, Al(NO3)3, NH4NO3 th
phi dng t nht s thuc th l :
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. khng cn thuc th
8.20. Ch dng qu tm c th nhn bit c nhng cht no sau: AgNO3, MgCl2, HCl, HNO3, Ba(OH)2
A. HCl, H2SO4, Ba(OH)2
B. HCl, AgNO3, Ba(OH)2
C. AgNO3, MgCl2, Ba(OH)2
D. AgNO3, MgCl2, HCl, HNO3, Ba(OH)2
8.21. Dung dch nc ca cht X lm qu tm ng mu xanh, cn dung dch nc ca cht Y khng lm i
mu qu tm. Trn ln dung dch ca hai cht li th xut hin kt ta. A v B c th l
133
A. NaOH v K2SO4 B. K2CO3 v Ba(NO3)2
C. KOH v FeCl3 D. Na2CO3 v KNO3
8.22. Cho cc dung dch: HCl (X1); KNO3 (X2) ; HCl + KNO3 (X3) ;
Fe2(SO4)3 (X4). Dung dch c th dng bt Cu nhn bit l:
A. X1, X3, X4 B. X1, X4 C. X3, X4 D. X1, X3, X2, X4
8.23. Dung dch cha cc ion Na
+
, Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, H
+
, Cl
. Phi dng dung dch cht no sau y loi b

ht cc ion Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, Ba
2+
, H
+
ra khi dung dch ban u?
A. K2CO3 B. NaOH C. Na2SO4 D. AgNO3
8.24. Phn bit 3 kim loi: Na, Ba, Cu bng cc ho cht no sau y ?
(1) Nc ,H2SO4 long (2) Nc, NaOH
(3). H2SO4, NaOH (4). HCl ,NaOH
A. 1 B. 1, 3 C. 1, 2 D. 3, 4
8.25. Phn bit 3 kim loi: Cu, Al, Zn bng cc ho cht sau y ?
(1) HCl, NaOH. (2)HNO3, NaOH. (3) H2SO4 l, NH4OH. (4) Nc, H2SO4
A. 1, 2 B. 2, 3 C. 3 D.3, 4
8.26. Phn bit Cl2, SO2, CO2 bng
(1) Nc brom ,dung dch Ba(OH)2
(2) Dung dch KMnO4 + H2SO4, dung dch KI
(3) Dung dch KI, Nc vi trong
(4) dung dch KMnO4 + H2SO4, dung dch AgNO3
A.2 B. 1 hoc 2 C. 3 hoc 4 D. 4
8.27. phn bit Na2CO3, NaHCO3, CaCO3 c th dng
A. Nc, nc vi trong B. dd H2SO4
C. dd HCl D. Nc, dd CaCl2
8.28. nhn bit 3 bt kim loi Fe, Ag, Cu ng trong cc bnh ring bit dng thuc th :
A. Dung dch HNO3 c nng B. Dung dch HCl
C. Dung dch H2SO4 long D. Dung dch NaOH
8.29. phn bit FeS, FeS2, FeCO3, Fe2O3 c th dng
A. dd HNO3 B. dd NaOH C. dd H2SO4 c nng D. dd HCl
8.30. phn bit 3 kh H2S, NH3, SO2 c th dng
(1) giy tm dung dch KMnO4 + H2SO4long
(2) giy qu
(3) giy tm Pb(CH3COO)2
A. 2 B. 2 hoc 3 C. 2 D. 1
8.31. Phn bit Na2O, Na2O2, Mg, Cu c th dng
A. dd H2SO4 B. Nc C. dd NH4OH D. dd Na2S
8.32. Phn bit dung dch cc mui: NaCl, Ba(NO3)2, K2S
(1) dd H2SO4 (2) dd AgNO3 (3) dd HCl (4) dd NaOH
134
A. 1 B. 2 C. 1, 2 D . 3, 4
8.33. phn bit : MgCO3 ,CH3COONa, Pb(CH3COO)2 ,BaCO3 c th dng theo th t
A. Nc, dd H2SO4 B. dd H2SO4, dd HCl
C. dd HCl, dd NaOH D. dd HNO3, dd NaOH
8.34. phn bit dung dch HNO3, dd Hg(NO3)2, dd H2SO4 long ta c th dng:
A. dd NaOH B. dd NH4OH C. Cu D. dd Na2S
8.35. lm khan CO2 c ln nc dng cht no sau y ?
A. Na B. NaOH C. P2O5 D. CaO
8.36. lm sch H2S c ln mt t CO2 c th dng cht no sau y :
A. Nc vi B. dd Zn(CH3COO)2 ,ddHCl
C. dd NaOH D. dd CaCl2
8.37. lm sch FeS c ln mt t tp cht S c th dng:
A. dd HCl B. dd HNO3 C. dd NaOH D. CS2
8.38. tch hn hp gm Al2(SO4)3, CaCO3, MgSO4 c th dng phng php no sau y
A. Dng nc, NaOH d, dd H2SO4 B. dd HCl, dd NaOHd, dd H2SO4
C. dd NaOH d, dd H2SO4 D. HNO3, NaOH d ,dd H2SO4
8.39. tinh ch NH4Cl c ln mt t NaCl ,Na2SO4 c th dng phng php no?
A. dd NaOH un nng B. Ha tan trong lng nc va
C. Nung nh 3 mui D. Dng H2SO4 c v un nng
8.40. C 5 mu kim loi Ba, Mg, Fe, Al, Ag .Ch dng H2SO4 l c th nhn bit c nhng kim loi no ?
A. Ba, Ag B. Mg, Fe, Al
C. Ba, Mg, Fe, Al D. Ba, Mg, Al, Ag, Fe
8.41. Cho cc dung dch ring bit: NH4Cl, H2SO4, NaCl, NaOH, Na2SO4, Ba(OH)2. Ch c dng thm mt
thuc th no sau y c th phn bit c cc dung dch trn
A. Dung dch AgNO3 B. Dung dch BaCl2
C. Dung dch qu tm D. Dung dch phenolphtalein
8.42. C bn kim loi: Mg, Ba, Zn, Fe. Ch dng thm mt cht th c th dng cht no trong s cc cht cho
di y nhn bit cc kim loi ?
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch Ca(OH)2
C. Dung dch HCl D. Dung dch H2SO4 long
8.43. Ch dng thm dung dch H2SO4 long, c th nhn bit c bao nhiu kim loi trong s cc kim loi
sau:Al, Mg, Fe, Cu, Ba.
A. 4 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5
8.44. Ch dng mt dung dch axit v dung dch baz no sau y nhn bit cc hp kim Cu - Ag, Cu - Al,
Cu - Zn .
A. HCl v NaOH B. H2SO4
C. NH3 v HNO3 long D. NH3 v HCl
135
8.45. C cc dung dch AlCl3, NaCl, MgCl2, H2SO4. Ch c dng thm mt thuc th no sau y phn
bit cc dung dch :
A. Dung dch qu tm. B. Dung dch AgNO3.
C. Dung dch BaCl2. D. Dung dch NaOH.
8.46. phn bit hai kh SO2 v C2H4 c th dng dung dch no sau y:
A. Dung dch KMnO4 trong nc B. Dung dch Br2 trong nc
C. Dung dch NaOH trong nc D. Dung dch Br2 trong CCl4
8.47. Cho cc dung dch: NH4Cl, NH4HCO3, NaNO2, NaNO3. c dng nhit v ch dng thm mt ha
cht no trong s cc ha cht cho sau y nhn c cc dung dch trn?
A. Dung dch KOH B. Dung dch NaOH
C. Dung dch Ca(OH)2 D. Dung dch HCl
8.48. Ch dng H2O c th nhn bit c dy cht no sau y?
A. 5 cht bt: Cu, Al, Fe, Ag, S
B. 5 cht bt mu trng:CaO, Na2O, MgO, P2O5
C. 4 kim loi: K, Al , Ag, Fe
D. 4 cht bt: Na2O, Al2O3, Fe, Fe2O3
8.49 C 4 l mt nhn ng 4 dung dch HCl, H2SO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3. Thuc th no sau y dng nhn
bit chng ?
A. Qu tm B. Dung dch phenolphtalein
C. Dung dch AlCl3 D. Tt c u ng
8.50. Cho cc dung dch sau y: KOH, HCl, FeCl3, Al(NO3)3, Pb(NO3)2 v NH4NO3. S ha cht ti thiu
cn dng thm phn bit c cc dung dch trn l:
A. Khng cn dng thm bt k ha cht no
B. Ch dng thm mt ha cht
C. Ch dng thm hai ha cht
D. Ch dng thm ba ha cht
8.51. Ch dng mt thuc th trong cc thuc th no sau y phn bit cc kh Cl2, O2, v HCl ?
A. Que m c than hng
B. Giy tm dung dch phenolphtalein
C. Giy qu tm kh
D. Giy qu tm tm c dung dch KI v h tinh bt
8.52. Trong phng th nghim c cc dung dch mt nhn:
AlCl3, NaCl, KOH, Mg(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2
Ch c dng thm mt thuc th no sau y phn bit cc dung dch trn ?
A. Qu tm B. Phenolphtalein
C. Nc amoniac. D. C A, B, C.
8.53. Nu ch bng cch un nng th nhn ra c bao nhiu dung dch trong 5 dung dch ring bit sau:
NaHSO4, KHCO3, Mg(HCO3), Ba(HCO3)2, Na2SO3.
136
A. 5 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1
8.54. C cc dung dch AlCl3, NaCl, MgCl2, H2SO4. Ch c dng thm mt thuc th no sau y phn
bit cc dung dch :
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch AgNO3
C. Dung dch BaCl2 D. Dung dch qu tm
8.55. C 4 l ng 4 dung dch mt nhn l AlCl3, NaNO3, K2CO3, NH4NO3. Nu ch c php dng mt
cht lm thuc th th c th chn cht no sau y ?
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch Ba(OH)2
C. Dung dch H2SO4 D. Dung dch AgNO3
8.56. phn bit mui FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 c th dng thuc th no sau y?
A. Dung dch BaCl2. B. Dung dch NaOH
C. Dung dch KMnO4/ H2SO4 D. C B v C
8.57. Thuc th no c th phn bit 5 dung dch mt nhn: Na2SO4, H2SO4, NaOH, BaCl2?
A. Qu tm B. Phenolphtalein C. Dung dch AgNO3 D. A hoc B
8.58. Nu ch dng thm mt thuc th no sau y c th nhn bit c 4 dung dch: Ba(OH)2, H2SO4,
Na2SO4, NaCl?
A. Qu tm B. Phenolphtalein C. NaHCO3 D. C A, B, C.
8.59. Ch dng mt ho cht no sau y phn bit Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 ?
A. Dung dch H2SO4 long B. Dung dch HNO3
C. Dung dch HCl D. Dung dch KMnO4
8.60. nhn bit dy dung dch: H2SO4, HCl, KOH, Na2SO4, NH4Cl, NaCl, BaCl2, AgNO3 th cn dung t
nht bao nhiu loi thuc th:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
B. P S
8.1 C 8.11 B 8.21 B 8.31 B 8.4
1
C 8.5
1
D
8.2 B 8.12 B 8.22 C 8.32 C 8.4
2
D 8.5
2
C
8.3 B 8.13 D 8.23 A 8.33 A 8.43 D 8.53 A
8.4 B 8.1
4
D 8.2
4
B 8.34 C 8.4
4
D 8.5
4
A
8.5 A 8.1
5
C 8.2
5
C 8.35 C 8.4
5
D 8.5
5
B
8.6 B 8.16 B 8.26 B 8.36 B 8.4
6
D 8.5
6
D
8.7 B 8.17 A 8.27 D 8.37 D 8.4
7
C 8.5
7
D
8.8 B 8.18 B 8.28 A 8.38 A 8.48 B 8.58 D
8.9 A 8.19 D 8.29 D 8.39 C 8.4
9
D 8.5
9
B
8.10 C 8.20 D 8.30 B 8.4 D 8.5 A 8.60 A
137
0 0
C. HNG DN GII
8.1. Dng H2SO4
- Ba c kh H2 xut hin kt ta khng tan
- Na c kh thot ra
- Cu c kh xc dung dch xut hin mu xanh
p n C
8.2 Cho li qua dung dch H2S
- SO2 Cho kt ta S
- O2 Cho kt ta S
- CO2 Khng hin tng (nhn ra CO2). Cho 2 kh cn li qua Ca(OH)2 th SO2 kt ta.
p n B
8.3 Cho AgNO3 vo:
- KI c kt ta vng nhn ra KI cn li dung dch NaCl v dung dch Javen u cho kt ta trng .
- Ly KI cho vo 2 dung dch cn li lc k th dung dch nc Javen cho I2 kt ta
p n B
8.4 Dng Ba(OH)2
- CrCl2 cho kt ta trng
- CuCl2 cho kt ta xanh
- CrCl3 cho kt ta vng
- NH4Cl c kh mi khai bay ra
- (NH4)2SO4 va c kh va c kt ta . p n B
8.5 Dng CO2 v H2O:
- Cho vo H2O th BaCO3,BaSO4 ,khng tan.
- Sc CO2 vo kt ta BaCO3 BaSO4 th BaCO3 khng tan,BaSO4 khng tan, ly Ba(HCO3)2 to ra
vo cc dung dch cn li th
- Na2CO3 Cho kt ta
- Na2SO4 Cho kt ta Nhn ra NaCl ly 2 kt ta BaCO3 v BaSO4 li sc CO2 vo nhn ra 2 kt
ta . p n A
8.6 Dng HCl
- NH4HCO3 C kh bay ra
- NaAlO2 C kt ta ri kt ta tan.
- C6H5ONa Dung dch b vn c.
- C2H5OH Khng hin tng. p n B
8.7 Dng Ba(OH)2
- NaNO3 Khng hin tng .
138
- Fe(NO3)3 Cho kt ta vng
- Al(NO3)3 Cho kt ta ri tan.
- Mg(NO3)2 Cho kt ta trng
- NH4NO3 Cho kh bay ra.
- (NH4)2SO4 Va c kh va c kt ta. p n B
8.13. cho qu vo nhn c 3 nhm
- Nhm 1: HCl,HNO3 lm qu ha
- Nhm 2: Ba(OH)2 lm qu ho xanh.
- Nhm 3: Qu khng i mu.Trn ln lt nhm 1 v nhm 3 cp xut hin kt ta l HCl v
AgNO3 p n D
8.14 Cho Phenol P vo nhn c KOH ly mt t KOH v PP vo hai dung dch cn li, dung dch no lm
mt mu PP trong KOH l H2SO4
p n D
8.16 . Dung Qu nhn c HCl 3 dung dch cn li lm qu ho xanh
- Ly HCl cho vo 3 dung dch cn li nhn c Na2CO3
- Ly Ba2CO3 vo 2 dung dch cn li nhn Ba(OH)2. Cn li NaOH
p n B
8.17. Ch cn dng qu tm nhn c HCl vo NaOH sau dng chng lm thuc th
p n A
8.19. Khng cn dng thm thuc th, trn cc cht tng cp vi nhau (k bng) da vo hin tng nhn
bit c cc cp p n D
8.27. Dng nc nhn c CaCO3 khng tan, sau dng CaCl2 nhn c Na2CO3 khng tan, sau dng
CaCl2 nhn c Na2CO3. Cn li l NaHCO3
p n D
8.37. Dng CS2 ho tan S cn li FeS p n D
8.40. Dng H2SO4 nhn ra Ba v Ag. Tin hnh iu ch Ba(OH)2 (cho Ba d vo dung dch H2SO4 lc b kt
ta c dung dch Ba(OH)2)
Dng Ba(OH)2 nhn c 3 mui MgSO4, Al2SO4, FeSO4 p n D
139
CHNG 9.
HA HC V VN PHT TRIN KINH T, X HI, MI TRNG
A. BI TP
9.1. Ngi ta s dng clo dit khun nc v l do no sau y?
A. Clo c nn c tnh st trng
B. Clo c tnh oxi ho mnh
C. Trong nc clo c mt HClO l cht oxi ho mnh
D. Trong nc clo c mt HCl l cht kh mnh
9.2. Ta tin hnh cc th nghim sau
- MnO2 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c (1)
- Nhit phn KClO3 (2)
- Nung hn hp CH3COONa + NaOH/CaO (3)
- Nhit phn NaNO3(4)
Cc th nghim to ra sn phm kh gy nhim mi trng l
A. (1) v (2) B. (1) v (4) C. (1) v (3) D. (2) v (3)
9.3. Con ngi s dng cc ngun nng lng: nng lng ho thch, nng lng ht nhn, nng lng thu
lc, nng lng gi, nng lng mt tri. S lng ngun nng lng sch, khng gy nhim mi trng trong
cc ngun nng lng trn l
A. 1 B. 4 C. 3 D. 5
9.4. nhn bit mi ca kh Cl2, trong phng th nghim lm theo cch no sau y?
A. a bnh kh Cl2 ln mi v ht mt hi
B. a bnh ln v ht nh
C. Dng tay phy nh ming bnh v ngi nhanh
D. p bnh xung v ngi
9.5. thu kh Cl2 trong phng th nghim c th lm theo cch no sau y ?
A. Thu trc tip bng phng php y khng kh
B. Thu qua bnh nc nng
C. Thu qua dung dch NaCl bo ho
D. C ba cch trn
9.6. Mt trong nhng hng con ngi nghin cu to ngun nng lng nhn to to ln s dng cho
mc ch ha bnh. l
A. Nng lng mt tri B. Nng lng thy in
C. Nng lng gi D. Nng lng ht nhn
9.7. Trong qu trnh th nghim thng c kh thi gy c hi cho sc kho nh Cl2, H2S, SO2, HCl. C th
gim thiu cc kh thi bng cch no sau y ?
140
A. Nt bng tm nc vi trong hoc sc ng dn kh vo chu ng nc vi
B. Nt bng tm ru etylic hoc sc ng dn kh vo chu ng ancol etylic
C. Nt bng tm dm n hoc st ng dn kh vo chu ng dm n
D. Nt bng tm nc mui hoc st ng dn kh vo chu ng nc mui
9.8. Nhn xt no ng v vt liu nano?
A. Vt liu nano c siu dn nhit cao dng trong sinh hc, y hc, in t
B. Vt liu nano c tnh nng bn, chc khng b axit, kim v mt s ha cht ph hy
C. Vt liu nano c kch thc c nanomet, c th c rn siu cao, siu do v nhiu tnh nng khc
D. Vt liu nano c nng lng siu ln dng sn xut nng lng nguyn t thay cho uranium khan him
9.9. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng ?
A. Nh dung dch iot vo h tinh bt thy c mu xanh, un si ln thy mt mu, ngui li xut hin mu
xanh
B. Trong ht cy ci thng c nhiu tinh bt
C. Trng ung c mi xc ca kh SO2
D. Nh dung dch iot vo mt lt chui xanh thy ming chui chuyn t mu trng sang mu xanh nhng nu
nh vo lt chui chn th khng c hin tng
9.10. Cu ca dao la chim lp l u b
H nghe ting sm pht c m ln
Ni v hin tng ho hc no sau y ?
A. Phn ng ca cc phn t O2 thnh O3
B. Ma ro l ngun cung cp nc cho la
C. Phn ng ca N2 v O2, sau bin i chuyn thnh m nitrat
D. C s phn hu nc, cung cp oxi
9.11. Cng thc ho hc no sau y l ca nc Svayde, dng ha tan xenluloz, trong qu trnh sn xut
t nhn to ?
A. [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 B. [Zn(NH3)4](OH)2
C. [Cu(NH3)2]OH D. [Ag(NH3)2]OH
9.12. Mt rung la mi cy c mt thng cn bn thc bng phn m ure. Tuy nhin ru xanh ph kn
mt t, cn phi bn vi dit ru. Cch lm no sau y gip b con nng dn va dit c ru va bn
m cho la tt?
A. Bn vi trc mt lc ri bn m
B. Bn m trc mt lc ri bn vi
C. Bn vi bt trc vi ngy sau mi bn m
D. Trn u vi bt vi m ri bn cng mt lc
9.13. Nh bo qun bng nc ozon, mn Bc H Lo Cai c th chuyn ch vo th trng thnh ph
H Ch Minh , mang li li nhun cao cho b con nng dn. Nguyn nhn no sau y lm cho nc ozon c
th bo qun hoa qu ti c lu?
141
A. Ozon l mt kh c tc dng lm hoa qu chn t t ko di ngy s dng
B. Ozon c v d tan trong nc hn oxi
C. Ozon c tnh cht oxi ho mnh, kh nng st trng cao v d tan trong nc hn oxi
D. Ozon kch thch cho hoa qu chn c mi v c trng
9.14. Vt liu compozit c coi l ?
A. Vt liu c ngun gc v c.
B. Vt liu c ngun gc hu c
C. Vt liu mi
D. Vt liu c tc dng xc tc trong cng nghip ha du
9.15. S hnh thnh ozon trong t nhin l do nguyn nhn chnh no?
A. S phng in (st) trong kh quyn
B. S oxi ho mt s hp cht hu c trn b mt Tri t
C. Tia t ngoi ca Mt tri chuyn ho cc phn t oxi
D. Vi khun oxi ha cc cht hu c
9.16. Trong phng th nghim, loi c mt lng kh ln clo gy nhim khng kh ngi ta s dng:
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch Ca(OH)2
C. Dung dch NH3 D. Dung dch AgNO3
9.17. Thu ngn d bay hi v hi thu ngn rt c. Khi o nhit chng may lm v nhit k v thu ngn
ri xung sn nh, chn cht no sau y loi b thu ngn?
A. Oxi B. Lu hunh C. Nit D. Clo
9.18. Khi lm th nghim vi P trng cn phi:
A. Cm bng tay c eo gng
B. Dng cp gp nhanh mu P ra khi l v cho ngay vo chu ng y H2O khi cha s dng
C. Trnh cho tip xc vi H2O
D. ngoi khng kh
9.19. Pht pho c la chn sn xut dim an ton thay cho photpho trng v l do no sau y?
A. Photpho khng c hi i vi con ngi
B. Photpho khng d gy ho hon nh photpho trng
C. Phot pho trng l ho cht c hi
D. C A, B, C
9.20. Hiu ng nh knh l hin tng Tri t ang nng ln, do cc bc x c bc sng di trong vng
hng ngoi b gi li, m khng bc x ra ngoi v tr. Cht no sau y l nguyn nhn gy ra hiu ng nh
knh?
A. SO2 B. N2 C. CO2 D. SO3
9.21. Mt c trng ch yu ca nc thi sinh hot v cc loi nc thi cng nghip l c c ln.
c do cc cht l lng gy ra, nhng cht ny c kch thc ht rt khc nhau, t c ht keo n nhng th
phn tn kh, ph thuc vo trng thi xo trn ca nc. Cho bit nguyn nhn no lm cho nc b c ?
A. Ln bi bn v cc ho cht cng nghip
142
B. Ho tan v sau kt ta cc ho cht dng rn
C. Lm phn tn cc ht t do cn bng in tch ca phc h hp th t b ph v
D. C ba nguyn nhn trn
9.22. Nhng cht cho di y, cht no l ngun nguyn liu t nhin: canxi cacbua, ct, khong vt pirit,
nc bin v i dng, ancol etylic, axit sunfuric, t nilon-6,6, khng kh ?
A. Ct, pirit, nc bin, axit sunfuric, khng kh
B. Canxi cacbua, ct, pirit, nc bin, t nilon-6,6, khng kh
C. Ct, pirit, nc bin, khng kh
D. Ct, pirit, ru etylic, nc bin, khng kh
9.23. Nhng qung v khong vt cho di y ch yu sn xut nhng kim loi g: Criolit, manhetit,
cancopirit (CuFeS2), boxit, xierit, olomit v vi, mui n, cromit, apatit, ct, pirit, cacnalit
A. Fe, Cu, Al, Ca, Mg, Na, Si
B. Fe, Cu, Al, Ca, Mg, Na, Cr
C. Fe, Cu, Al, Cu, Cr, P
D. Fe, Al, Na, Cr, Ag
9.24. Hy k cc loi polime t nhin trong s cc cht cho di y: thu tinh plexiglat, cao su thin nhin,
cao su cloropren, protit, PVC, xenluloz, cao su Buna-S, t capron, PS, tinh bt, saccaroz, t nilon-6,6
A. Cao su t nhin, cao su cloropren, protit, xenluloz, tinh bt, saccaroz
B. Cao su t nhin, cao su Buna-S, tinh bt, xenluloz, sacaroz
C. Cao su t nhin, cao su Buna-S, cao su cloropren, protit, xenluloz, saccao, tinh bt
D. Cao su t nhin, protit, xenluloz, tinh bt
9.25. Trong cng ngh x l kh thi do qu trnh h hp ca cc nh du hnh v tr, hay thu th trong tu
ngm, ngi ta thng s dng ho cht no sau y?
A. NaOH rn. B. Na2O2 rn.
C. KClO3 rn. D. Than hot tnh.
9.26. Magie kim loi ng vai tr rt quan trng trong cng nghip t, my bay, v c bit cc con tu v
tr. Mt ngun magie quan trng c ly t nc bin bng cch cho nc bin tc dng vi vi sa
(Ca(OH)2), lc kt ta Mg(OH)2, ho tan trong dung dch HCl, ly MgCl2 khan v in phn nng chy. Cho
bit trong 1 lit nc bin c 1350 mg Mg
2+
. Hi t 1000 m
3
nc bin c th iu ch c bao nhiu tn Mg,
bit hiu sut iu ch l 70%
A. 0,48 tn B. 0,752 tn C. 0,945 tn D. 1,350 tn
9.27. Cho bit c 1 mol cacbon (rn) khi b t chy hon ton to ra 94 kcal nhit. Nu tnh trn u mi
ngi dn mi ngy tiu tn trung bnh 5640 kcal th mt thnh ph c s dn 2 triu s tiu tn bao nhiu tn
than (cha 85% cacbon), mi nm (365 ngy)?
A. 2,628.10
5
tn B. 2,234.10
5
tn
C. 3,209.10
5
tn D. 3,092.10
5
tn
9.28. Nu mt quc gia tiu tn 7,5 t gallon xng cha ch (c 1 gallon xng c pha thm 2ml ch tetraetyl
(Pb(C2H5)4), khi lng ring 1,65 g.ml
-1
) th quc gia thi ra kh quyn bao nhiu tn ch ?
143
A. 3,300.10
4
tn B. 2,475.10
5
tn
C. 1,586.10
4
tn D. 4,950.10
4
tn
9.29. Mt nh my nhit in tiu tn 2,2 triu tn than mi nm. Than cha 3,5% lu hunh, trong 90% b
thot vo khng kh di dng SO2. Nu nh my khng c thit b lc kh thi th mi gi lng SO2 thot
vo khng kh trung bnh l bao nhiu ?
A. 1,582 tn B. 1,836 tn C. 7,700 tn D. 37,973 tn
9.30. Cng nghip silicat l ngnh cng nghip ch bin cc hp cht ca silic. Ngnh sn xut no sau y
khng thuc v cng nghip silicat?
A. Sn xut gm (gch, ngi, snh, s).
B. Sn xut xi mng.
C. Sn xut thu tinh.
D. Sn xut thu tinh hu c.
9.31. Phn ng tng hp glucoz trong cy xanh cn c cung cp nng lng 6CO2 + 6H2O

+ kcal 673
C6H12O6 + 6O2 . Cho bit c mt pht (tri nng) mi cm
2
l xanh nhn c 0,5cal nng lng mt tri
nhng ch c 10% c s dng vo phn ng tng hp glucoz. Hi 1 cy xanh c 10 l, mi l 10cm
2
th
cn thi gian l bao nhiu tng hp c 0,18 gam glucoz l?
A. 269,2 pht B. 134,6 pht
C. 67,3 pht D. 262,9 pht
9.32. Cng dng no sau y khng phi ca NaCl?
A. Lm thc n cho ngi v gia sc
B. iu ch Cl2, HCl, nc javen
C. Lm dch truyn trong bnh vin
D. Kh chua cho t
9.33. Mt loi nc thi b nhim bi cc kim loi nng Pb
2+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, Mn
2+
. Hy chn cht tt nht
loi b ht kim loi nng.
A. NaOH d B. Nc vi trong (dung dch Ca(OH)2)
C. Sc kh H2S D. H2SO4
9.34. Kh thi (ca mt nh my) c cha cc cht HF, CO2, SO2, NO2, N2. Hy chn cht tt nht loi b
cc kh c trc khi thi ra kh quyn
A. CaCO3 v H2O B. SiO2 v H2O
C. Nc vi trong (dung dch Ca(OH)2) D. CaCl2
9.35. Nhng dng c nu c thng li mi tanh. Hy chn cht tt nht kh mi tanh .
A. X phng B. Ancol etylic
C. Xoa (Na2CO3) D. Dm (axit axetic)
9.36. St tn ti trong nc t nhin pH khong 6-7 (nc ngun ca cc nh my nc) ch yu di dng
Fe(HCO3)2. Hy chn cch hiu qu nht (loi ht st, kinh t) loi st khi nc ngun di dng hiroxit.
A. Dng dung dch NaOH B. Dng nc vi trong (dung dch Ca(OH)2
C. Sc kh Cl2 D. Sc oxi ( khng kh)
144
9.37. t chy hon ton 56 lt kh t nhin ( ktc) cha (% th tch) 89,6% CH4, 2,24% C2H6, 4% H2 v
4,16% N2. Cho tt c sn phm chy hp th vo lng dung dch NaOH d. Tnh khi lng xoa (Na2CO3)
thu c
A. 249,3g B. 284,6g C. 312,1g D. 355,8g
9.38. Trong thc t ngi ta dng nhng thng ln bng thp bo qun v chuyn ch axit H2SO4 c v:
A. Ngi ta cho thm cht tr dung vo axit.
B. Ngi ta qut lp parafin ln 2 mt thng.
C. St b th ng ho khi tip xc vi H2SO4 c ngui.
D.Axit sunfuric c khng phn ng vi kim loi.
9.39. Theo t chc Y t Th gii nng ti a ca Pb
2+
trong nc sinh hot l 0,05mg/l. Hi ngun nc
no A, B, C hay D b nhim nng bi Pb
2+
bit rng kt qu xc nh Pb
2+
nh sau
A. c 0,02mg Pb
2+
trong 0,5 lt nc
B. c 0,04mg Pb
2+
trong 0,75 lt nc
C. c 0,15mg Pb
2+
trong 4 lt nc
D. c 0,20mg Pb
2+
trong 2 lt nc
9.40. Hm lng cho php ca H2S trong khng kh l 0,1 ppm (mt phn triu, y tnh theo th tch, tc
trong 10
7
dm
3
khng kh, th tch H2S khng vt qu hn 1 dm
3
). Hi khng kh vng no: A hay B, C, D
vt qu gii hn cho php? Bit rng khi sc 10m
3
khng kh (ktc) mi vng qua dung dch Pb(NO3)2
d thu c lng PbS nh sau
A. 10 mg PbS B. 20 mg PbS C. 5 mg PbS D.8 mg PbS
9.41. nhng vng m c khong vt pirit FeS2, nc b nhim, pH ca nc rt thp, tc nc rt axit v
c nhiu kt ta nu lng ng. Hy chn cch gii thch no hp l nht v hin tng trn:
A. 4FeS2 + 11O2

0
t
2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
SO2 + H2O

H2SO3
B. 4FeS2 + 11O2

0
t
2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
2SO2 + O2

xt
2SO3
SO3 + H2O

H2SO4
C. 4FeS2 + 11O2

0
t
2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
Fe2O3 + 3H2O

2Fe(OH)3
D. 2FeS2 + 7O2 + 4H2O

2Fe
2+
+ 4SO4
2-
+ 4H
+
4Fe
2+
+ O2 + 6H2O

4FeO(OH) + 8H
+
9.42. Trong t nhin c nhiu ngun cht hu c sau khi b thi ra to ra kh H2S. Tuy nhin, trong khng
kh hm lng H2S rt t v:
A. H2S tan c trong nc
B. H2S b CO2 trong khng kh oxi ha thnh cht khc
145
C. H2S b oxi trong khng kh oxi ha chm thnh cht khc
D. H2S b phn hy nhit thng to ra S v H2
9.43. Kh CO2 thi ra nhiu c coi l nh hng xu n mi trng v :
A. Rt c B. To bi cho mi trng
C. Gy hin tng ma axit D. Gy hiu ng nh knh
9.44. Brom lng hay hi u rt c. x l lng brom lng khng may b vi mc ch bo v mi
trng, c th dng 1 ho cht thng thng d kim no sau y?
A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch KOH
C. Dung dch Ca(OH)2 D. Dung dch NaI
9.45. Nu bn em chng may b bng ngoi da do axit c bn vo th em s s cu cho bn bng cch bi
vo vt bng cht no sau y l hiu qu nht ?
A. Nc vi trong B. Nc pha lng trng trng
C. Kem nh rng D. Dung dch NaHCO3 long
9.46. Dch v d dy thng c pH trong khong t 2-3. Nhng ngi b bnh vim lot d dy, t trng th
dch v d dy thng c pH < 2. cha cn bnh ny, ngi bnh thng ung trc ba n :
A. Nc un si ngui B. Nc ng
C. Nc dm long D. Dung dch NaHCO3
9.47. dit chut trong mt nh kho ta t lu hunh ri ng kn ca nh kho li. Chut ht phi khi s b
sng yt hu, co git, t lit, c quan h hp dn n b ngt m cht. Cht g lm chut cht?
A. H2S B. H2SO4 C. SO2 D. SO3
9.48. m un nc lu ngy thng c mt lp cn vi di y. lm sch cn c th theo cch no sau
y?
A. Dng gim pha vo nc trong m ngm vi ting ri sc sch
B. Dng ru pha vo nc trong m ngm vi ting ri sc sch
C. Dng dung dch amoniac pha vo nc trong m ngm vi ting ri sc sch
D. C A, B, C u c
9.49. Kh t chua bng vi v bn phn m cho la ng cch c thc hin theo cch no sau y?
A. Bn m cng mt lc vi vi
B. Bn m trc ri vi ngy sau mi bn vi kh chua
C. Bn vi kh chua trc ri vi ngy sau mi bn m
D. Cch no cng c
9.50. ng dng no sau y khng phi ca xenluloz ?
A. Dng l vt liu xy dng v g
B. Nguyn liu sn xut ximng
C. Nguyn liu sn xut giy, vi si, t si nhn to
D. Nguyn liu sn xut ru etylic
9.51. Trng hp no sau y nc c coi l khng b o nhim:
A. Nc rung c cha khong 1% thuc tr su v phn bn ha hc
146
B. Nc sinh hot t nh my nc hoc nc ging khoan khng cha cc c t nh asen, st ... qu mc
cho php.
C. Nc thi t cc bnh vin, khu v sinh cha vi khun gy bnh
D. Nc thi t cc nh my c cha nng ln cc ion kim loi nng nh Pb
2+
, Cd
2+
, Hg
2+
, Ni
2+
.
9.52. Nhit thng vi mi ti ln ti 150
0
C v c pH = 13,2. Nu chng may ng vo thng vi mi ti th
va b bng do nhit, va b bng do kim. Bng vi mi ti s li vt so li, lm hoc loang l trong rt
xu. Hy chn mt phng n s cu c hiu qu nht trong s cc phng n sau :
A. Di nc lnh lin tc vo vt bng cho sch vi
B. Di nc lnh lin tc vo vt bng cho sch vi ri ra vt bng bng gim n
C. Di nc lnh lin tc vo vt bng cho sch vi ri ra vt bng bng nc mm c pH < 7
D. Di nc lnh lin tc vo vt bng cho sch vi ri bi kem nh rng vo vt bng
9.53. Hin nay, khi gi nhin liu du m tng cao (~ 70USD/thng du th) th vic s dng cc nhin liu
thay th l rt cn thit. Trong cng nghip, iu ch kh than t (mt nhin liu kh), ngi ta thi hi
nc qua than nung . Phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng :
C (r) + H2O (k)

CO (k) + H2 (k) H = 131KJ
tng hiu sut phn ng, ngi ta s dng bin php no sau y ?
A. Gim p sut chung ca h B. Gim nhit ca h C. Dng cht xc tc D Tng nng hiro
9.54. Trong xng ng vt, nguyn t canxi v photpho tn ti ch yu di dng Ca3(PO4)2. Khi hm
xng, mun nc xng thu c giu canxi v photpho ta nn :
A. Ch ninh xng vi nc
B. Cho thm vo nc ninh xng mt t qu chua (me, su, kh,)
C. Cho thm vo nc ninh xng mt t vi ti
D. Cho thm vo nc ninh xng mt t ng
9.55. Hin nay Vit Nam, nc tng (x du) c sn xut t mt s ngun nguyn liu nh xng ng
vt (tru, b, heo), bnh du u nnh, u phng (lc). C bit c ni cn lm nc tng t lng g, lng vt
c gi thnh r. c cht 3-MCPD (3-mono clopropan-1,2-iol) c mt trong nc tng vi hm lng
vt qu 1mg/kg c th gy bnh ung th cho ngi tiu dung. Phng php sn xut nc tng no sau y
l khng an ton v cha cht 3-MCPD vt qu hm lng cho php?
A. Thu phn bnh du u phng, u nnh bng axit photphoric
B. Sn xut theo phng php ln men u xanh, u nnh
C. Cho axit clohiric nng thp phn ng vi cht bo trong nguyn liu (xng ng vt, u nnh, u
phng,) thu phn ra axit m
D. Cho axit clohiric nng cao phn ng vi cht bo trong nguyn liu thu phn ra axit m
9.56. Kh SO2 do cc nh my thi ra l nguyn nhn chnh gy nhim mi trng. T chc Y t th gii
(WHO) quy nh nu lng SO2 vt qu 3.10
-5
mol/m
3
khng kh coi nh nhim. Ngi ta ly 50 ml khng
kh mt thnh ph v phn tch thu c 0,012 mg SO2. Kt lun no sau y l ng?
A. Nng SO2 bng 3,75.10
-6
mol/m
3
, khng kh cha b nhim
B. Nng SO2 bng 3,75.10
-6
mol/m
3
, khng kh b nhim
147
C. Nng SO2 bng 3,75.10
-3
mol/m
3
, khng kh b nhim
D. Nng SO2 bng 3,75.10
-3
mol/m
3
, khng kh cha b nhim
9.57. Theo quy nh ca th gii th nng ti a cho php H2S trong khng kh l 0,01mg/l. nh gi s
nhim trong khng kh ca mt nh my, ngi ta lm nh sau:
- Ly 2 lt khng kh cho li t t qua dung dch Pb(NO3)2 d th thy dung dch b vn c en
- Lc kt ta, ra nh, lm kh, cn c 0,3585mg
Kt lun no sau y ng?
A. Nng H2S vt qu 4 ln nng ti a cho php. Khng kh b nhim
B. Nng H2S vt qu 3 ln nng ti a cho php. Khng kh b nhim
C. Nng H2S vt qu 2 ln nng ti a cho php. Khng kh b nhim
D. Nng H2S cha vt qu nng ti a cho php. Khng kh cha b nhim
9.59. Nhng ng dng no sau y ca nhm c da trn tnh cht ho hc ca nhm?
A.Lm dy n in thay cho ng B. Lm dng c un nu
C. Lm bao b, bao gi thc phm D. Ch to hn hp Tecmit hn kim loi
9.60. Cch bo qun thc phm (tht c...) bng cch no sau y c coi l an ton?
A. Dng fomon, nc B. Dng phn m, nc
C. Dng nc , nc kh D. Dng nc kh, fomon
B. P S
9.1 C 9.1
1
A 9.2
1
C 9.31 B 9.4
1
D 9.5
1
B
9.2 C 9.1
2
C 9.2
2
C 9.32 D 9.4
2
C 9.5
2
B
9.3 C 9.13 A 9.23 B 9.33 B 9.4
3
D 9.5
3
A
9.4 C 9.1
4
C 9.2
4
D 9.3
4
C 9.4
4
C 9.5
4
B
9.5 D 9.1
5
C 9.2
5
B 9.3
5
D 9.4
5
D 9.5
5
D
9.6 D 9.1
6
B 9.2
6
C 9.36 D 9.4
6
D 9.5
6
C
9.7 A 9.1
7
B 9.2
7
C 9.37 D 9.4
7
C 9.5
7
C
9.8 C 9.18 B 9.28 C 9.38 C 9.4
8
A 9.5
8
C
9.9 C 9.1
9
D 9.2
9
A 9.39 D 9.4
9
C 9.5
9
D
9.10 C 9.2
0
C 9.30 D 9.4
0
B 9.5
0
B 9.6
0
C
C. HNG DN GII
9.26. Khi lng Mg
2+
c trong 1000m
3
nc bin l
148
gam m
6 6 3
10 . 35 , 1 10 . 10 . 1350

Mg
2+
+ 2e
Mg
o
1,350.10
6
1,350.10
6

V H = 70% nn gam m
Mg
6 6
10 . 945 , 0
100
70
. 10 . 35 , 1 0,945 tn
p n C
9.27. Mi ngy mi ngi tiu tn khi lng C l
gam m 720 12 .
94
5940

Vy khi lng C m 2 triu dn tiu tn trong 1 nm(365 ngy) l
m = 720.2.10
6
.365 = 2,628.10
11
gam
Khi lng than tiu tn l
m = 2,628.10
11
.
85
100
= 3,092.10
11
g = 3,092.10
5
tn
p n D
9.28. Khi lng Pb(C2H5)4 trong 1 gallon xng m= 2 .1,65 = 3,3 gam
Khi lng Pb trong gallon xng mPb =
gam 115 , 2 207 .
) 4 . 29 207 (
3 , 3
+
Vy khi lng Pb thot ra khi t 7,5 t gallon l:
mPb = 2,115.7,5.10
9
= 1,586.10
10
gam
= 1,586.10
4
tn
p n C
9.29. Khi lng S trong 2,2 triu tn than l: mS = 2,2.10
12
.
100
35
= 7,7.10
10
gam
Khi lng SO2 thot ra trong 1 nm l: mSO2 =
10
10
10 . 836 , 1
100
90
. 64 .
32
10 . 7 , 7
gam
Khi lng SO2 thot ra trong 1 gi l m =
6
10
10 . 582 , 1
24 . 365
10 . 836 , 1
gam
= 1,582 tn
p n A
9.31. tng hp 0,18 gam glucoz cn 1 nng lng l : 637 cal
Trong 1 pht 10 l xanh hp th nng lng chuyn ha thnh glucoz l:
E = 10.10.0,5.
10
1
= 5 cal
Thi gian 10 l xanh hp th c 673 cal(chuyn ha thnh glucoz) l
t = pht 6 , 134
5
673

p n B
9.37. ta c: nhh = 2,5 mol, mol n
CH
24 , 2
100
6 , 89
. 5 , 2
4
mol n
H C
056 , 0
100
224 , 0
. 5 , 2
6 2

2
CO
n

2,24 + 0,056.2 = 2,352 mol
CO2 + NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O
3 2
CO Na
n
= 106. 2,352 = 249,3 gam
p n A
149
9.56. Ta c
2
SO
n

64
10 . 012 , 0
3
= 1,87510
-7
mol
CM =
6
7
10 . 75 , 3
05 , 0
10 . 875 , 1

(mol/lit) = 3,75.10
-3
mol/m
3
Nng SO2 vt qu mc cho php
khng kh b nhim
p n C
B GIO DC V O TO
CHNH THC
THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2007
Mn thi: HO HC, Khi A
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht.
M thi 748
H, tn th sinh:..........................................................................
S bo danh:............................................................................
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (44 cu, t cu 1 n cu 44):
Cu 1: Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h phn ng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un
nng. Lng Ag sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi axit HNO3 long, thot ra 2,24 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, o ktc).
Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. CH3CHO. B. CH2 = CHCHO. C. HCHO. D. CH3CH2CHO.
Cu 2: Khi tch nc t mt cht X c cng thc phn t C4H10O to thnh ba anken l ng phn ca nhau (tnh c ng phn
hnh hc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH. B. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3.
C. CH3OCH2CH2CH3. D. (CH3)3COH.
Cu 3: Nilon6,6 l mt loi
A. t visco. B. t poliamit. C. polieste. D. t axetat.
Cu 4: Cho dy cc cht: Ca(HCO3)2, NH4Cl, (NH4)2CO3, ZnSO4, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2. S cht trong dy c tnh cht lng tnh
l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 5: nhn bit ba axit c, ngui: HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 ng ring bit trong ba l b mt nhn, ta dng thuc th l
150
A. Al. B. Fe. C. CuO. D. Cu.
Cu 6: Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu c dung dch X. Dung dch X phn ng va vi V ml
dung dch KMnO4 0,5M. Gi tr ca V l (cho Fe = 56)
A. 80. B. 20. C. 40. D. 60.
Cu 7: Nh t t cho n d dung dch NaOH vo dung dch AlCl3. Hin tng xy ra l
A. ch c kt ta keo trng. B. khng c kt ta, c kh bay ln.
C. c kt ta keo trng, sau kt ta tan. D. c kt ta keo trng v c kh bay ln.
Cu 8: Trn dung dch cha a mol AlCl3 vi dung dch cha b mol NaOH. thu c kt ta th cn c t l
A. a : b = 1 : 5. B. a : b > 1 : 4. C. a : b = 1 : 4. D. a : b < 1 : 4.
Cu 9: t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO2. Mt khc, trung ha a mol Y cn va 2a mol NaOH.
Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l
A. C2H5-COOH. B. HOOC-COOH.
C. CH3-COOH. D. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH.
Cu 10: Cho t t dung dch cha a mol HCl vo dung dch cha b mol Na2CO3 ng thi khuy u, thu c V lt kh ( ktc)
v dung dch X. Khi cho d nc vi trong vo dung dch X thy c xut hin kt ta. Biu thc lin h gia V vi a, b l:
A. V = 22,4(a - b). B. V = 22,4(a + b). C. V = 11,2(a - b). D. V = 11,2(a + b).
Cu 11: Pht biu khng ng l:
A. Dung dch natri phenolat phn ng vi kh CO2, ly kt ta va to ra cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c natri
phenolat.
B. Phenol phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, ly mui va to ra cho tc dng vi dung dch HCl li thu c phenol.
C. Axit axetic phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, ly dung dch mui va to ra cho tc dng vi kh CO2 li thu c axit axetic.
D. Anilin phn ng vi dung dch HCl, ly mui va to ra cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c anilin.
Cu 12: Hp th hon ton 2,688 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 2,5 lt dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng a mol/l, thu c 15,76 gam kt ta.
Gi tr ca a l (cho C = 12, O = 16, Ba = 137)
A. 0,06. B. 0,032. C. 0,048. D. 0,04.
Cu 13: Ha tan hon ton 12 gam hn hp Fe, Cu (t l mol 1:1) bng axit HNO3, thu c V lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X (gm
NO v NO2) v dung dch Y (ch cha hai mui v axit d). T khi ca X i vi H2 bng 19. Gi tr ca V l (cho H = 1, N =
14, O = 16, Fe = 56, Cu = 64)
A. 2,24. B. 4,48. C. 5,60. D. 3,36.
Cu 14: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, trong khi lng phn t Z gp i khi lng phn t X.
t chy 0,1 mol cht Y, sn phm kh hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c s gam kt ta l (cho H = 1, C
= 12, O = 16, Ca = 40)
A. 40. B. 30. C. 20. D. 10.
Cu 15: Khi t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X, thu c 8,4 lt kh CO2, 1,4 lt kh N2 (cc th tch kh o ktc) v
10,125 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C4H9N. B. C3H9N. C. C3H7N. D. C2H7N.
Cu 16: Khi nung hn hp cc cht Fe(NO3)2, Fe(OH)3 v FeCO3 trong khng kh n khi lng khng i, thu c mt cht
rn l
A. Fe3O4. B. FeO. C. Fe2O3. D. Fe.
Cu 17: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO2 sinh ra c hp th hon
ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi
tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Ca = 40)
151
A. 650. B. 550. C. 810. D. 750.
Cu 18: -aminoaxit X cha mt nhm -NH2. Cho 10,3 gam X tc dng vi axit HCl (d), thu c 13,95 gam mui khan. Cng
thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3CH(NH2)COOH. B. CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH.
C. H2NCH2COOH. D. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
Cu 19: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta thng iu ch clo bng cch
A. cho dung dch HCl c tc dng vi MnO2, un nng.
B. in phn dung dch NaCl c mng ngn.
C. in phn nng chy NaCl.
D. cho F2 y Cl2 ra khi dung dch NaCl.
Cu 20: Cho 4,48 lt hn hp X ( ktc) gm 2 hirocacbon mch h li t t qua bnh cha 1,4 lt dung dch Br2 0,5M. Sau khi
phn ng hon ton, s mol Br2 gim i mt na v khi lng bnh tng thm 6,7 gam. Cng thc phn t ca 2 hirocacbon l
(cho H = 1, C = 12)
A. C2H2 v C4H8. B. C2H2 v C4H6. C. C2H2 v C3H8. D. C3H4 v C4H8.
Cu 21: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l
A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1). B. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
C. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). D. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
Cu 22: Tng h s (cc s nguyn, ti gin) ca tt c cc cht trong phng trnh phn ng gia Cu vi dung dch HNO3 c,
nng l
A. 10. B. 9. C. 8. D. 11.
Cu 23: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit cao. Sau phn ng hn hp rn cn
li l:
A. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO. B. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg.
C. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO. D. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO.
Cu 24: Mt hirocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to sn phm c thnh phn khi lng clo l 45,223%.
Cng thc phn t ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Cl = 35,5)
A. C3H6. B. C3H4. C. C2H4. D. C4H8.
Cu 25: chng minh trong phn t ca glucoz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung dch glucoz phn ng vi
A. Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH, un nng.
B. kim loi Na.
C. Cu(OH)2 nhit thng.
D. AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un nng.
Cu 26: Anion X
-
v cation Y
2+
u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s
2
3p
6
. V tr ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon
cc nguyn t ha hc l:
A. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm
chnh nhm II).
B. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VI); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh
nhm II).
C. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 3, nhm IIA (phn nhm
chnh nhm II).
D. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VII); Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA (phn nhm
chnh nhm II).
152
t
o
cao, p
cao
Cu 27: Dy cc ion xp theo chiu gim dn tnh oxi ho l (bit trong dy in ha, cp Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
ng trc cp Ag
+
/Ag):
A. Ag
+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, Fe
2+
. B. Fe
3+
, Ag
+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
.
C. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
. D. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Ag
+
, Fe
2+
.
Cu 28: Cho m gam hn hp Mg, Al vo 250 ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit HCl 1M v axit H2SO4 0,5M, thu c 5,32 lt
H2 ( ktc) v dung dch Y (coi th tch dung dch khng i). Dung dch Y c pH l
A. 1. B. 7. C. 2. D. 6.
Cu 29: Thu phn hon ton 444 gam mt lipit thu c 46 gam glixerol (glixerin) v hai loi axit bo. Hai loi axit bo l
(cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. C17H33COOH v C17H35COOH. B. C17H31COOH v C17H33COOH.
C. C15H31COOH v C17H35COOH. D. C17H33COOH v C15H31COOH.
Cu 30: in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in cc tr, sau mt thi gian thu c 0,32 gam Cu catt v mt lng kh X ant.
Hp th hon ton lng kh X trn vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH ( nhit thng). Sau phn ng, nng NaOH cn li l
0,05M (gi thit th tch dung dch khng thay i). Nng ban u ca dung dch NaOH l (cho Cu = 64)
A. 0,2M. B. 0,15M. C. 0,05M. D. 0,1M.
Cu 31: Cho cc phn ng sau:
a) FeO + HNO3 (c, nng) b) FeS + H2SO4 (c, nng)
c) Al2O3 + HNO3 (c, nng) d) Cu + dung dch FeCl3
e) CH3CHO + H2 h) glixerol (glixerin) + Cu(OH)2
g) C2H4 + Br2 f) glucoz + AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3
Dy gm cc phn ng u thuc loi phn ng oxi ha - kh l:
A. a, b, c, d, e, h. B. a, b, c, d, e, g. C. a, b, d, e, f, h. D. a, b, d, e, f, g.
Cu 32: Cho tng cht: Fe, FeO, Fe(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, FeCO3 ln lt phn
ng vi HNO3 c, nng. S phn ng thuc loi phn ng oxi ho - kh l
A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8.
Cu 33: Hn hp X gm axit HCOOH v axit CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 5,3 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 5,75 gam
C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho u bng 80%). Gi tr ca m
l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. 16,20. B. 6,48. C. 8,10. D. 10,12.
Cu 34: Dy gm cc ion X
+
, Y
-
v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
l:
A. Na
+
, F
-
, Ne. B. Na
+
, Cl
-
, Ar. C. Li
+
, F
-
, Ne. D. K
+
, Cl
-
, Ar.
Cu 35: Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un nng thu c 43,2 gam
Ag. Hiro ho X thu c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho Na = 23,
Ag = 108)
A. CH3CHO. B. HCHO. C. CH3CH(OH)CHO. D. OHC-CHO.
Cu 36: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,12 mol FeS2 v a mol Cu2S vo axit HNO3 (va ), thu c dung dch X (ch cha
hai mui sunfat) v kh duy nht NO. Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,12. B. 0,06. C. 0,075. D. 0,04.
Cu 37: Dung dch HCl v dung dch CH3COOH c cng nng mol/l, pH ca hai dung dch tng ng l x v y. Quan h
gia x v y l (gi thit, c 100 phn t CH3COOH th c 1 phn t in li)
A. y = x - 2. B. y = 100x. C. y = x + 2. D. y = 2x.
Cu 38: Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5
gam cht rn. Hai ancol l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
153
Ni, t
o
t
o
cao, p
cao
A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. B. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. D. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
Cu 39: Trong phng th nghim, iu ch mt lng nh kh X tinh khit, ngi ta un nng dung dch amoni nitrit bo ho.
Kh X l
A. N2O. B. NO. C. NO2. D. N2.
Cu 40: Clo ho PVC thu c mt polime cha 63,96% clo v khi lng, trung bnh 1 phn t clo phn ng vi k mt xch
trong mch PVC. Gi tr ca k l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Cl = 35,5)
A. 6. B. 3. C. 5. D. 4.
Cu 41: Mnh khng ng l:
A. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2=CHCOOCH3.
B. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c anehit v mui.
C. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi dung dch Br2.
D. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2 c th trng hp to polime.
Cu 42: Cho s
C6H6 (benzen) X Y Z.

Hai cht hu c Y, Z ln lt l:
A. C6H5ONa, C6H5OH. B. C6H4(OH)2, C6H4Cl2.
C. C6H5OH, C6H5Cl. D. C6H6(OH)6, C6H6Cl6.
Cu 43: Cho hn hp X gm hai cht hu c c cng cng thc phn t C2H7NO2 tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH v un
nng, thu c dung dch Y v 4,48 lt hn hp Z ( ktc) gm hai kh (u lm xanh giy qu m). T khi hi ca Z i vi H2
bng 13,75. C cn dung dch Y thu c khi lng mui khan l (cho H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, Na = 23)
Cu 44: X phng ha 8,8 gam etyl axetat bng 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung
dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
PHN RING: Th sinh ch c chn lm 1 trong 2 phn (Phn I hoc Phn II)
Phn I. Theo chng trnh KHNG phn ban (6 cu, t cu 45 n cu 50):
Cu 45: Hn hp gm hirocacbon X v oxi c t l s mol tng ng l 1:10. t chy hon ton hn hp trn thu c hn
hp kh Y. Cho Y qua dung dch H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp kh Z c t khi i vi hiro bng 19. Cng thc phn t ca X l
(cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. C3H4. B. C3H6. C. C4H8. D. C3H8.
Cu 46: Mnh khng ng l:
A. Fe kh c Cu
2+
trong dung dch.
B. Fe
3+
c tnh oxi ha mnh hn Cu
2+
.
C. Fe
2+
oxi ho c Cu.
D. Tnh oxi ha ca cc ion tng theo th t: Fe
2+
, H
+
, Cu
2+
, Ag
+
.
Cu 47: Ho tan hon ton 2,81 gam hn hp gm Fe2O3, MgO, ZnO trong 500 ml axit H2SO4 0,1M (va ). Sau phn ng,
hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c khi c cn dung dch c khi lng l (cho H = 1, O = 16, Mg = 24, S = 32, Fe = 56, Zn =
65)
154
Fe, t
o
+ Cl2 (t l mol
1:1)
t
o
cao, p
cao
+ NaOH c
(d)
+ axit
HCl
Cu 48: t chy hon ton mt lng cht hu c X thu c 3,36 lt kh CO2, 0,56 lt kh N2 (cc kh o ktc) v 3,15 gam
H2O. Khi X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thu c sn phm c mui H2N-CH2-COONa. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
(cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. H2N-CH2-COO-C3H7. B. H2N-CH2-COO-C2H5.
C. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-COO-CH3.
Cu 49: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, l:
A. anehit fomic, axetilen, etilen. B. anehit axetic, axetilen, butin-2.
C. anehit axetic, butin-1, etilen. D. axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin.
Cu 50: Dy gm cc kim loi c iu ch trong cng nghip bng phng php in phn hp cht nng chy ca chng, l:
A. Fe, Ca, Al. B. Na, Ca, Zn. C. Na, Cu, Al. D. Na, Ca, Al.
Phn II. Theo chng trnh phn ban (6 cu, t cu 51 n cu 56):
Cu 51: Mt este c cng thc phn t l C4H6O2, khi thu phn trong mi trng axit thu c axetanehit. Cng thc cu to
thu gn ca este l
A. CH2=CH-COO-CH3. B. HCOO-C(CH3)=CH2.
C. HCOO-CH=CH-CH3. D. CH3COO-CH=CH2.
Cu 52: thu ly Ag tinh khit t hn hp X (gm a mol Al2O3, b mol CuO, c mol Ag2O), ngi ta ho tan X bi dung dch
cha (6a + 2b + 2c) mol HNO3 c dung dch Y, sau thm (gi thit hiu sut cc phn ng u l 100%)
A. 2c mol bt Al vo Y. B. c mol bt Al vo Y.
C. c mol bt Cu vo Y. D. 2c mol bt Cu vo Y.
Cu 53: Cho cc cht: HCN, H2, dung dch KMnO4, dung dch Br2. S cht phn ng c vi (CH3)2CO l
A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 1.
A. Hp cht Cr(II) c tnh kh c trng cn hp cht Cr(VI) c tnh oxi ho mnh.
B. Cc hp cht CrO, Cr(OH)2 tc dng c vi dung dch HCl cn CrO3 tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH.
C. Cc hp cht Cr2O3, Cr(OH)3, CrO, Cr(OH)2 u c tnh cht lng tnh.
D. Thm dung dch kim vo mui icromat, mui ny chuyn thnh mui cromat.
Cu 55: C 4 dung dch mui ring bit: CuCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. Nu thm dung dch KOH (d) ri thm tip dung dch
NH3 (d) vo 4 dung dch trn th s cht kt ta thu c l
A. 3. B. 2. C. 4. D. 1.
Cu 56: Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng este ln nht thu c l 2/3 mol. t
hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit) khi tin hnh este ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol C2H5OH l (bit cc phn ng este
ho thc hin cng nhit )
A. 2,925. B. 0,342. C. 0,456. D. 2,412.
-----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------- HT ----------
B GIO DC V O TO
CHNH THC
Mn thi: HO HC, Khi B
M thi 629
155
H, tn th sinh:..........................................................................
S bo danh:............................................................................
Cu 1: S cht ng vi cng thc phn t C7H8O (l dn xut ca benzen) u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l:
A. 4. B. 3. C. 1. D. 2.
Cu 2: thu c Al2O3 t hn hp Al2O3 v Fe2O3, ngi ta ln lt:
A. dng dung dch NaOH (d), kh CO2 (d), ri nung nng.
B. dng dung dch NaOH (d), dung dch HCl (d), ri nung nng.
C. dng kh CO nhit cao, dung dch HCl (d).
D. dng kh H2 nhit cao, dung dch NaOH (d).
Cu 3: Khi cho Cu tc dng vi dung dch cha H2SO4 long v NaNO3, vai tr ca NaNO3 trong phn ng l:
A. cht xc tc. B. cht kh. C. cht oxi ho. D. mi trng.
Cu 4: Cho cc cht: etyl axetat, anilin, ancol (ru) etylic, axit acrylic, phenol, phenylamoni clorua, ancol (ru)
benzylic, p-crezol. Trong cc cht ny, s cht tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 6.
Cu 5: Thc hin hai th nghim:
1) Cho 3,84 gam Cu phn ng vi 80 ml dung dch HNO3 1M thot ra V1 lt NO.
2) Cho 3,84 gam Cu phn ng vi 80 ml dung dch cha HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,5 M thot ra V2 lt NO. Bit NO l sn
phm kh duy nht, cc th tch kh o cng iu kin. Quan h gia V1 v V2 l (cho Cu = 64)
A. V2 = 1,5V1. B. V2 = 2V1. C. V2 = 2,5V1. D. V2 = V1.
Cu 6: trung ha 6,72 gam mt axit cacboxylic Y (no, n chc), cn dng 200 gam dung dch NaOH 2,24%. Cng
thc ca Y l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. C2H5COOH. B. HCOOH. C. C3H7COOH. D. CH3COOH.
Cu 7: Nung 13,4 gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi ha tr 2, thu c 6,8 gam cht rn v kh X. Lng kh
X sinh ra cho hp th vo 75 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, khi lng mui khan thu c sau phn ng l (cho H = 1, C =
12, O = 16, Na = 23)
Cu 8: Pht biu khng ng l
A. Dung dch fructoz ho tan c Cu(OH)2.
B. Dung dch mantoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 khi un nng cho kt ta Cu2O.
C. Thy phn (xc tc H
+
, t
o
) saccaroz cng nh mantoz u cho cng mt monosaccarit.
D. Sn phm thy phn xenluloz (xc tc H
+
, t
o
) c th tham gia phn ng trng gng.
Cu 9: Cho cc phn ng xy ra sau y:
(1) AgNO3 + Fe(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag
(2) Mn + 2HCl MnCl2 + H2
Dy cc ion c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ho l
A. Ag
+
, Fe
3+
, H
+
, Mn
2+
. B. Ag
+
, Mn
2+
, H
+
, Fe
3+
.
C. Mn
2+
, H
+
, Ag
+
, Fe
3+
. D. Mn
2+
, H
+
, Fe
3+
, Ag
+
.
Cu 10: Khi t 0,1 mol mt cht X (dn xut ca benzen), khi lng CO2 thu c nh hn 35,2 gam. Bit rng 1 mol
X ch tc dng c vi 1 mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho C =12, O = 16)
A. C2H5C6H4OH. B. C6H4(OH)2.
C. HOC6H4CH2OH. D. HOCH2C6H4COOH.
156
Cu 11: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn. Thuc th phn bit 3 cht lng
trn l
A. dung dch phenolphtalein. B. nc brom.
C. giy qu tm. D. dung dch NaOH.
Cu 12: Trong cc dung dch: HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2, dy gm cc cht u tc dng c
vi dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 l:
A. HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4. B. HNO3, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Na2SO4.
C. NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2. D. HNO3, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2.
Cu 13: Mt trong nhng im khc nhau ca protit so vi lipit v glucoz l
A. protit lun cha chc hiroxyl. B. protit lun l cht hu c no.
C. protit lun cha nit. D. protit c khi lng phn t ln hn.
Cu 14: Hai este n chc X v Y l ng phn ca nhau. Khi ho hi 1,85 gam X, thu c th tch hi ng bng th
tch ca 0,7 gam N2 (o cng iu kin). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X v Y l (cho H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16)
A. C2H3COOC2H5 v C2H5COOC2H3. B. C2H5COOCH3 v HCOOCH(CH3)2.
C. HCOOCH2CH2CH3 v CH3COOC2H5. D. HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3.
Cu 15: Dy gm cc cht u lm giy qu tm m chuyn sang mu xanh l:
A. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat. B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hiroxit.
C. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac. D. anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit.
Cu 16: Trong mt nhm A (phn nhm chnh), tr nhm VIIIA (phn nhm chnh nhm VIII), theo chiu tng ca in
tch ht nhn nguyn t th
A. tnh kim loi tng dn, m in tng dn.
B. m in gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn.
C. tnh kim loi tng dn, bn knh nguyn t gim dn.
D. tnh phi kim gim dn, bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
Cu 17: Cho tt c cc ng phn n chc, mch h, c cng cng thc phn t C2H4O2 ln lt tc dng vi: Na,
NaOH, NaHCO3. S phn ng xy ra l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 18: Cho 1,67 gam hn hp gm hai kim loi 2 chu k lin tip thuc nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II) tc
dng ht vi dung dch HCl (d), thot ra 0,672 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Hai kim loi l (cho Be = 9, Mg = 24, Ca = 40, Sr
= 87, Ba = 137)
A. Mg v Ca. B. Ca v Sr. C. Be v Mg. D. Sr v Ba.
Cu 19: Dy gm cc cht c dng tng hp cao su Buna-S l:
A. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, lu hunh. B. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2.
C. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2. D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, CH3-CH=CH2.
Cu 20: Cho cc loi hp cht: aminoaxit (X), mui amoni ca axit cacboxylic (Y), amin (Z), este ca aminoaxit (T).
Dy gm cc loi hp cht u tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v u tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. X, Y, Z, T. B. Y, Z, T. C. X, Y, T. D. X, Y, Z.
Cu 21: Trong mt bnh kn cha hi cht hu c X (c dng CnH2nO2) mch h v O2 (s mol O2 gp i s mol cn cho
phn ng chy) 139,9
o
C, p sut trong bnh l 0,8 atm. t chy hon ton X sau a v nhit ban u, p sut
trong bnh lc ny l 0,95 atm. X c cng thc phn t l
A. C3H6O2. B. C2H4 O2. C. C4H8O2. D. CH2O2.
157
Cu 22: Cho hn hp Fe, Cu phn ng vi dung dch HNO3 long. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, thu c dung dch ch
cha mt cht tan v kim loi d. Cht tan l
A. HNO3. B. Fe(NO3)2. C. Cu(NO3)2. D. Fe(NO3)3.
Cu 23: X l mt ancol (ru) no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc v 6,6
gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l (cho C = 12, O = 16)
A. C3H5(OH)3. B. C3H7OH. C. C3H6(OH)2. D. C2H4(OH)2.
Cu 24: Cho 13,44 lt kh clo ( ktc) i qua 2,5 lt dung dch KOH 100
o
C. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu
c 37,25 gam KCl. Dung dch KOH trn c nng l (cho Cl = 35,5; K = 39)
A. 0,2M. B. 0,4M. C. 0,48M. D. 0,24M.
Cu 25: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc, cn va V lt O2 ( ktc), thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v
0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l
A. 6,72. B. 4,48. C. 8,96. D. 11,2.
Cu 26: Cho cc cht: axit propionic (X), axit axetic (Y), ancol (ru) etylic (Z) v imetyl ete (T). Dy gm cc cht
c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si l
A. T, Z, Y, X. B. Z, T, Y, X. C. T, X, Y, Z. D. Y, T, X, Z.
Cu 27: Cho glixerol (glixerin) phn ng vi hn hp axit bo gm C17H35COOH v C15H31COOH, s loi trieste c
to ra ti a l
A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 6.
Cu 28: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta thng iu ch HNO3 t
A. NH3 v O2. B. NaNO2 v H2SO4 c.
C. NaNO3 v H2SO4 c. D. NaNO3 v HCl c.
Cu 29: in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO4 v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr, c mng ngn xp). dung dch sau
in phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l (bit ion SO4
2-
khng b in phn trong
dung dch)
A. 2b = a. B. b < 2a. C. b = 2a. D. b > 2a.
Cu 30: Cc ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10O (u l dn xut ca benzen) c tnh cht: tch nc thu c sn
phm c th trng hp to polime, khng tc dng c vi NaOH. S lng ng phn ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10O,
tho mn tnh cht trn l:
A. 1. B. 4. C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 31: C th phn bit 3 dung dch: KOH, HCl, H2SO4 (long) bng mt thuc th l
A. giy qu tm. B. Al. C. BaCO3. D. Zn.
Cu 32: t chy hon ton a mol mt anehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO2 v c mol H2O (bit b = a + c). Trong phn
ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X thuc dy ng ng anehit
A. khng no c hai ni i, n chc. B. khng no c mt ni i, n chc.
C. no, n chc. D. no, hai chc.
Cu 33: Cho m gam mt ancol (ru) no, n chc X qua bnh ng CuO (d), nung nng. Sau khi phn ng hon ton,
khi lng cht rn trong bnh gim 0,32 gam. Hn hp hi thu c c t khi i vi hiro l 15,5. Gi tr ca m l (cho H
= 1, C =12, O = 16)
A. 0,64. B. 0,92. C. 0,32. D. 0,46.
Cu 34: Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo dung dch cha 0,3 mol H2SO4 c, nng (gi thit SO2 l sn phm kh duy nht). Sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c (cho Fe = 56)
A. 0,03 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,06 mol FeSO4. B. 0,02 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,08 mol FeSO4.
158
+ CH3I (t l mol
1:1)
+ HONO + CuO, to
C. 0,12 mol FeSO4. D. 0,05 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,02 mol Fe d.
Cu 35: C 4 dung dch ring bit: a) HCl, b) CuCl2, c) FeCl3, d) HCl c ln CuCl2. Nhng vo mi dung dch mt thanh
Fe nguyn cht. S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 0. B. 1. C. 3. D. 2.
Cu 36: Trong hp cht ion XY (X l kim loi, Y l phi kim), s electron ca cation bng s electron ca anion v tng
s electron trong XY l 20. Bit trong mi hp cht, Y ch c mt mc oxi ha duy nht. Cng thc XY l
A. MgO. B. LiF. C. AlN. D. NaF.
Cu 37: Trong phn ng t chy CuFeS2 to ra sn phm CuO, Fe2O3 v SO2 th mt phn t CuFeS2 s
A. nhng 13 electron. B. nhn 12 electron.
C. nhn 13 electron. D. nhng 12 electron.
Cu 38: Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dung dch (gm H2SO4 0,0375M v
HCl 0,0125M), thu c dung dch X. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X l
A. 7. B. 1. C. 6. D. 2.
Cu 39: Nung m gam bt st trong oxi, thu c 3 gam hn hp cht rn X. Ha tan ht hn hp X trong dung dch
HNO3 (d), thot ra 0,56 lt ( ktc) NO (l sn phm kh duy nht). Gi tr ca m l (cho O = 16, Fe = 56)
A. 2,62. B. 2,32. C. 2,52. D. 2,22.
Cu 40: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t xenluloz v axit nitric c c xc tc axit sunfuric c, nng. c 29,7
kg xenluloz trinitrat, cn dng dung dch cha m kg axit nitric (hiu sut phn ng t 90%). Gi tr ca m l (cho H =
1, C =12, N = 14, O = 16)
A. 30 kg. B. 21 kg. C. 42 kg. D. 10 kg.
Cu 41: X l mt este no n chc, c t khi hi i vi CH4 l 5,5. Nu em un 2,2 gam este X vi dung dch NaOH
(d), thu c 2,05 gam mui. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho H = 1, C =12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. HCOOCH(CH3)2. B. C2H5COOCH3.
C. CH3COOC2H5. D. HCOOCH2CH2CH3.
Cu 42: Hn hp X cha Na2O, NH4Cl, NaHCO3 v BaCl2 c s mol mi cht u bng nhau. Cho hn hp X vo H2O
(d), un nng, dung dch thu c cha
A. NaCl, NaOH, BaCl2. B. NaCl.
C. NaCl, NaOH. D. NaCl, NaHCO3, NH4Cl, BaCl2.
Cu 43: Hn hp X gm Na v Al. Cho m gam X vo mt lng d nc th thot ra V lt kh. Nu cng cho m gam X
vo dung dch NaOH (d) th c 1,75V lt kh. Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Na trong X l (bit cc th
tch kh o trong cng iu kin, cho Na = 23, Al = 27)
A. 29,87%. B. 39,87%. C. 49,87%. D. 77,31%.
Cu 44: Cho 200 ml dung dch AlCl3 1,5M tc dng vi V lt dung dch NaOH 0,5M, lng kt ta thu c l 15,6
gam. Gi tr ln nht ca V l (cho H = 1, O = 16, Al = 27)
A. 2. B. 2,4. C. 1,2. D. 1,8.
PHN RING: Th sinh ch c chn lm 1 trong 2 phn (Phn I hoc Phn II).
Cu 45: Khi oxi ha hon ton 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc thu c 3 gam axit tng ng. Cng thc ca anehit l
(cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. C2H3CHO. B. CH3CHO. C. C2H5CHO. D. HCHO.
159
+ CH3I (t l mol
1:1)
+ HONO + CuO, to
Cu 46: Cho m gam hn hp bt Zn v Fe vo lng d dung dch CuSO4. Sau khi kt thc cc phn ng, lc b phn
dung dch thu c m gam bt rn. Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Zn trong hn hp bt ban u l (cho Fe
= 56, Cu = 64, Zn = 65)
A. 12,67%. B. 85,30%. C. 90,27%. D. 82,20%.
Cu 47: Thy phn este c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (vi xc tc axit), thu c 2 sn phm hu c X v Y. T X c
th iu ch trc tip ra Y. Vy cht X l
A. axit fomic. B. etyl axetat. C. ru metylic. D. ru etylic.
Cu 48: Cho 4 phn ng:
(1) Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
(2) 2NaOH + (NH4)2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2NH3 + 2H2O
(3) BaCl2 + Na2CO3 BaCO3 + 2NaCl
(4) 2NH3 + 2H2O + FeSO4 Fe(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4
Cc phn ng thuc loi phn ng axit - baz l
A. (2), (4). B. (3), (4). C. (1), (2). D. (2), (3).
Cu 49: Khi brom ha mt ankan ch thu c mt dn xut monobrom duy nht c t khi hi i vi hiro l 75,5. Tn
ca ankan l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Br = 80)
A. 2,2,3-trimetylpentan. B. 2,2-imetylpropan.
C. 3,3-imetylhecxan. D. isopentan.
Cu 50: Cho 0,01 mol mt hp cht ca st tc dng ht vi H2SO4 c nng (d), thot ra 0,112 lt ( ktc) kh SO2 (l
sn phm kh duy nht). Cng thc ca hp cht st l
A. FeS. B. FeCO3. C. FeS2. D. FeO
Cu 51: Dy gm cc cht u phn ng vi phenol l:
A. dung dch NaCl, dung dch NaOH, kim loi Na.
B. nc brom, anhirit axetic, dung dch NaOH.
C. nc brom, anehit axetic, dung dch NaOH.
D. nc brom, axit axetic, dung dch NaOH.
Cu 52: Cho s phn ng:
NH3 X Y Z.
Bit Z c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Hai cht Y v Z ln lt l:
A. CH3OH, HCOOH. B. C2H5OH, HCHO.
C. CH3OH, HCHO. D. C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 53: Nung hn hp bt gm 15,2 gam Cr2O3 v m gam Al nhit cao. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 23,3 gam
hn hp rn X. Cho ton b hn hp X phn ng vi axit HCl (d) thot ra V lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l (cho O = 16,
Al = 27, Cr = 52)
A. 3,36. B. 4,48. C. 7,84. D. 10,08.
Cu 54: Trong pin in ha Zn-Cu, qu trnh kh trong pin l
A. Zn Zn
2+
+ 2e. B. Cu Cu
2+
+ 2e.
C. Zn
2+
+ 2e Zn. D. Cu
2+
+ 2e Cu.
160
+ CH3I (t l mol
1:1)
+ HONO + CuO, to
Cu 55: Oxi ho 4,48 lt C2H4 ( ktc) bng O2 (xc tc PdCl2, CuCl2), thu c cht X n chc.Ton b lng cht X
trn cho tc dng vi HCN (d) th c 7,1 gam CH3CH(CN)OH (xianohirin). Hiu sut qu trnh to CH3CH(CN)OH
t C2H4 l (cho H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16)
A. 70%. B. 80%. C. 60%. D. 50%.
Cu 56: Cho cc phn ng:
(1) Cu2O + Cu2S

O
t
(2) Cu(NO3)2

O
t

(3) CuO + CO

O
t
(4) CuO + NH3

O
t
S phn ng to ra kim loi Cu l
A. 3. B. 2. C. 1. D. 4.
-------------------------------------------------------------- HT ----------
B GIO DC V O TO
CHNH THC
THI TUYN SINH CAO NG NM 2007
M thi 439
H, tn th sinh:..........................................................................
S bo danh:............................................................................
Cu 1: Cho 50ml dung dch glucoz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch
NH3 thu c 2,16 gam bc kt ta. Nng mol (hoc mol/l) ca dung dch glucoz dng l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O
= 16; Ag = 108)
A. 0,20M. B. 0,10M. C. 0,01M. D. 0,02M.
Cu 2: Dn V lt ( ktc) hn hp X gm axetilen v hiro i qua ng s ng bt niken nung nng, thu c kh Y.
Dn Y vo lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c 12 gam kt ta. Kh i ra khi dung dch phn
ng va vi 16 gam brom v cn li kh Z. t chy hon ton kh Z thu c 2,24 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 4,5 gam
nc. Gi tr ca V bng (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Br = 80; Ag = 108)
A. 5,60. B. 13,44. C. 11,2. D. 8,96.
Cu 3: Cho hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi nc (c H2SO4 lm xc tc) thu c hn hp Z
gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y. t chy hon ton 1,06 gam hn hp Z sau hp th ton b sn phm chy vo 2 lt
dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c dung dch T trong nng ca NaOH bng 0,05M. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X
v Y l (Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k)
A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. B. C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
C. C2H5OH v C4H9OH. D. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
Cu 4: C th dng NaOH ( th rn) lm kh cc cht kh
A. N2, NO2, CO2, CH4, H2. B. NH3, SO2, CO, Cl2.
C. NH3, O2, N2, CH4, H2. D. N2, Cl2, O2 , CO2, H2.
161
Cu 5: Cho phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng tng hp amoniac
N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k)
Khi tng nng ca hiro ln 2 ln, tc phn ng thun
A. tng ln 8 ln. B. tng ln 6 ln. C. tng ln 2 ln. D. gim i 2 ln.
Cu 6: Ho tan hon ton hn hp X gm Fe v Mg bng mt lng va dung dch HCl 20%, thu c dung dch Y.
Nng ca FeCl2 trong dung dch Y l 15,76%. Nng phn trm ca MgCl2 trong dung dch Y l (Cho H = 1; Mg =
24; Cl = 35,5; Fe = 56)
A. 24,24%. B. 28,21%. C. 15,76%. D. 11,79%.
Cu 7: Khi cho 100ml dung dch KOH 1M vo 100ml dung dch HCl thu c dung dch c cha 6,525 gam cht tan.
Nng mol (hoc mol/l) ca HCl trong dung dch dng l (Cho H = 1; O = 16; Cl = 35,5;K = 39)
A. 0,75M. B. 0,5M. C. 1M. D. 0,25M.
Cu 8: Cho cht X tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH, sau c cn dung dch thu c cht rn Y v
cht hu c Z. Cho Z tc dng vi AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c cht hu c T. Cho cht T tc
dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c cht Y. Cht X c th l
A. CH3COOCH=CH-CH3. B. CH3COOCH=CH2.
C. HCOOCH3. D. HCOOCH=CH2.
Cu 9: Cho cc cp kim loi nguyn cht tip xc trc tip vi nhau: Fe v Pb; Fe v Zn; Fe v Sn; Fe v Ni. Khi nhng
cc cp kim loi trn vo dung dch axit, s cp kim loi trong Fe b ph hu trc l
A. 2. B. 1. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 10: Cho s phn ng: NaCl (X) NaHCO3 (Y) NaNO3. X v Y c th l
A. NaOH v NaClO. B. NaOH v Na2CO3.
C. NaClO3 v Na2CO3. D. Na2CO3 v NaClO.
Cu 11: Ha tan hon ton 3,22 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Mg v Zn bng mt lng va dung dch H2SO4 long, thu
c 1,344 lt hiro ( ktc) v dung dch cha m gam mui. Gi tr ca m l (Cho H = 1; O = 16; Mg = 24; S = 32; Fe =
56; Zn = 65)
A. 10,27. B. 7,25. C. 8,98. D. 9,52.
Cu 12: Hp cht X c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht, va tc dng c vi axit va tc dng
c vi kim trong iu kin thch hp. Trong phn t X, thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca cc nguyn t C, H, N
ln lt bng 40,449%; 7,865% v 15,73%; cn li l oxi. Khi cho 4,45 gam X phn ng hon ton vi mt lng va
dung dch NaOH (un nng) thu c 4,85 gam mui khan. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (Cho H = 1; C = 12;
N = 14; O =16; Na = 23)
A. CH2=CHCOONH4. B. H2NC2H4COOH.
C. H2NCH2COO-CH3. D. H2NCOO-CH2CH3.
Cu 13: Cho cc cht sau: phenol, etanol, axit axetic, natri phenolat, natri hiroxit. S cp cht tc dng c vi nhau l
A. 1. B. 3. C. 2. D. 4.
Cu 14: Trong cng nghip, natri hiroxit c sn xut bng phng php
A. in phn dung dch NaNO3, khng c mng ngn in cc.
B. in phn NaCl nng chy.
C. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc.
D. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc.
Cu 15: kh ion Cu
2+
trong dung dch CuSO4 c th dng kim loi
A. Ba. B. K. C. Fe. D. Na.
162
t
0
, xt
Cu 16: SO2 lun th hin tnh kh trong cc phn ng vi
A. O2, nc Br2, dung dch KMnO4. B. dung dch KOH, CaO, nc Br2.
C. dung dch NaOH, O2, dung dch KMnO4. D. H2S, O2, nc Br2.
Cu 17: Cho 2,9 gam mt anehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c
21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca anehit l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Ag = 108)
A. HCHO. B. CH2=CH-CHO. C. CH3CHO. D. OHC-CHO.
Cu 18: C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu to ca nhau m phn t ca chng
c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 2.
Cu 19: kh ion Fe
3+
trong dung dch thnh ion Fe
2+
c th dng mt lng d
A. kim loi Cu. B. kim loi Ba. C. kim loi Ag. D. kim loi Mg.
Cu 20: Khi cho ankan X (trong phn t c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 83,72%) tc dng vi clo theo t l s
mol 1:1 (trong iu kin chiu sng) ch thu c 2 dn xut monoclo ng phn ca nhau. Tn ca X l (Cho H = 1; C =
12; Cl = 35,5)
A. 3-metylpentan. B. butan. C. 2,3-imetylbutan. D. 2-metylpropan.
Cu 21: Cho cc nguyn t M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) v R (Z = 19). m in ca cc nguyn t tng dn
theo th t
A. M < X < R < Y. B. M < X < Y < R. C. Y < M < X < R. D. R < M < X < Y.
Cu 22: trung ha 25 gam dung dch ca mt amin n chc X nng 12,4% cn dng 100ml dung dch HCl 1M.
Cng thc phn t ca X l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; N = 14)
A. C2H7N. B. C3H7N. C. CH5N. D. C3H5N.
Cu 23: Cho kh CO (d) i vo ng s nung nng ng hn hp X gm Al2O3, MgO, Fe3O4, CuO thu c cht rn Y.
Cho Y vo dung dch NaOH (d), khuy k, thy cn li phn khng tan Z. Gi s cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Phn
khng tan Z gm
A. Mg, Fe, Cu. B. MgO, Fe3O4, Cu. C. MgO, Fe, Cu. D. Mg, Al, Fe, Cu.
Cu 24: Cho kim loi M tc dng vi Cl2 c mui X; cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch HCl c mui Y. Nu
cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch mui X ta cng c mui Y. Kim loi M c th l
A. Fe. B. Al. C. Mg. D. Zn.
Cu 25: Phn ng ho hc xy ra trong trng hp no di y khng thuc loi phn ng nhit nhm?
A. Al tc dng vi Fe3O4 nung nng. B. Al tc dng vi CuO nung nng.
C. Al tc dng vi Fe2O3 nung nng. D. Al tc dng vi axit H2SO4 c, nng.
Cu 26: Thm m gam kali vo 300ml dung dch cha Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M thu c dung dch X. Cho t t
dung dch X vo 200ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,1M thu c kt ta Y. thu c lng kt ta Y ln nht th gi tr
ca m l (Cho H = 1; O = 16; Na = 23; Al = 27; S = 32; K = 39; Ba = 137)
A. 1,59. B. 1,95. C. 1,71. D. 1,17.
Cu 27: Cho 5,76 gam axit hu c X n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi CaCO3 thu c 7,28 gam mui ca axit hu
c. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Ca = 40)
A. CH2=CH-COOH. B. CH3COOH. C. HCC-COOH. D. CH3-CH2-COOH.
Cu 28: t chy hon ton mt th tch kh thin nhin gm metan, etan, propan bng oxi khng kh (trong khng kh,
oxi chim 20% th tch), thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 9,9 gam nc. Th tch khng kh ( ktc) nh nht cn
dng t chy hon ton lng kh thin nhin trn l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 84,0 lt. B. 78,4 lt. C. 56,0 lt. D. 70,0 lt.
163
Cu 29: Mt dung dch cha 0,02 mol Cu
2+
, 0,03 mol K
+
, x mol Cl
-
v y mol SO4
2
. Tng khi lng cc mui tan c
trong dung dch l 5,435 gam. Gi tr ca x v y ln lt l (Cho O = 16; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Cu = 64)
A. 0,01 v 0,03. B. 0,05 v 0,01. C. 0,03 v 0,02. D. 0,02 v 0,05.
Cu 30: Khi t chy hon ton 4,4 gam cht hu c X n chc thu c sn phm chy ch gm 4,48 lt CO2 ( ktc)
v 3,6 gam nc. Nu cho 4,4 gam hp cht X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va n khi phn ng hon ton, thu
c 4,8 gam mui ca axit hu c Y v cht hu c Z. Tn ca X l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O =16; Na = 23)
A. etyl axetat. B. metyl propionat. C. isopropyl axetat. D. etyl propionat.
Cu 31: Cc kh c th cng tn ti trong mt hn hp l
A. Cl2 v O2. B. H2S v Cl2. C. NH3 v HCl. D. HI v O3.
Cu 32: Trong s cc dung dch: Na2CO3, KCl, CH3COONa, NH4Cl, NaHSO4, C6H5ONa, nhng dung dch c pH > 7 l
A. KCl, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa. B. NH4Cl, CH3COONa, NaHSO4.
C. Na2CO3, NH4Cl, KCl. D. Na2CO3, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa.
Cu 33: t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi
cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8O. B. C3H8O3. C. C3H8O2. D. C3H4O.
Cu 34: un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti trng thi cn
bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 55%. B. 62,5%. C. 50%. D. 75%.
Cu 35: Khi ha tan hiroxit kim loi M(OH)2 bng mt lng va dung dch H2SO4 20% thu c dung dch mui
trung ho c nng 27,21%. Kim loi M l (Cho H = 1; O = 16; Mg = 24; S = 32; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65)
A. Mg. B. Cu. C. Zn. D. Fe.
Cu 36: Polivinyl axetat (hoc poli(vinyl axetat)) l polime c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp
A. C2H5COO-CH=CH2. B. CH2=CH-COO-C2H5.
C. CH3COO-CH=CH2. D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
Cu 37: Este X khng no, mch h, c t khi hi so vi oxi bng 3,125 v khi tham gia phn ng x phng ho to ra
mt anehit v mt mui ca axit hu c. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp vi X? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O =16)
A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3.
Cu 38: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y CH3COOH. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2. B. CH3CH(OH)COOH v CH3CHO.
C. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO. D. CH3CHO v CH3CH2OH.
Cu 39: S hp cht n chc, ng phn cu to ca nhau c cng cng thc phn t C4H8O2, u tc dng c vi
dung dch NaOH l
A. 5. B. 3. C. 6. D. 4.
Cu 40: Th t mt s cp oxi ho - kh trong dy in ho nh sau:
Fe
2+
/Fe; Cu
2+
/Cu; Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
. Cp cht khng phn ng vi nhau l
A. Fe v dung dch FeCl3. B. dung dch FeCl2 v dung dch CuCl2.
C. Fe v dung dch CuCl2. D. Cu v dung dch FeCl3.
Cu 41: Hp cht hu c X (phn t c vng benzen) c cng thc phn t l C7H8O2, tc dng c vi Na v vi
NaOH. Bit rng khi cho X tc dng vi Na d, s mol H2 thu c bng s mol X tham gia phn ng v X ch tc dng
c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3OC6H4OH. B. HOC6H4CH2OH. C. CH3C6H3(OH)2. D. C6H5CH(OH)2.
164
Cu 42: Cho mt mu hp kim Na-Ba tc dng vi nc (d), thu c dung dch X v 3,36 lt H2 ( ktc). Th tch dung
dch axit H2SO4 2M cn dng trung ho dung dch X l
A. 30ml. B. 75ml. C. 150ml. D. 60ml.
Cu 43: Ch dng Cu(OH)2 c th phn bit c tt c cc dung dch ring bit sau:
A. saccaroz, glixerin (glixerol), anehit axetic, ru (ancol) etylic.
B. glucoz, lng trng trng, glixerin (glixerol), ru (ancol) etylic.
C. lng trng trng, glucoz, fructoz, glixerin (glixerol).
D. glucoz, mantoz, glixerin (glixerol), anehit axetic.
Cu 44: Trong t nhin, nguyn t ng c hai ng v l Cu
63
29
v Cu
65
29
. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ng l
63,54. Thnh phn phn trm tng s nguyn t ca ng v Cu
63
29
l:
A. 73%. B. 50%. C. 54%. D. 27%.
PHN T CHN: Th sinh ch c chn lm 1 trong 2 phn (Phn I hoc Phn II).
Cu 45: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH (Y);HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z);
CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T). Nhng cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh
lam l
A. X, Y, Z, T. B. X, Y, R, T. C. Z, R, T. D. X, Z, T.
Cu 46: Cho 4,48 lt kh CO ( ktc) t t i qua ng s nung nng ng 8 gam mt oxit st n khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton. Kh thu c sau phn ng c t khi so vi hiro bng 20. Cng thc ca oxit st v phn trm th tch ca
kh CO2 trong hn hp kh sau phn ng l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Fe = 56)
A. Fe3O4; 75%. B. FeO; 75%. C. Fe2O3; 75%. D. Fe2O3; 65%.
Cu 47: Khi thc hin phn ng tch nc i vi ru (ancol) X, ch thu c mt anken duy nht. Oxi ho hon ton
mt lng cht X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 5,4 gam nc. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp vi X? (Cho H
= 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5.
Cu 48: Cho hn hp X gm Mg v Fe vo dung dch axit H2SO4 c, nng n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu
c dung dch Y v mt phn Fe khng tan. Cht tan c trong dung dch Y l
A. MgSO4. B. MgSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3.
C. MgSO4, Fe2(SO4)3 v FeSO4. D. MgSO4 v FeSO4.
Cu 49: Trong s cc loi t sau: t tm, t visco, t nilon-6,6, t axetat, t capron, t enang, nhng loi t no thuc
loi t nhn to?
A. T visco v t nilon-6,6. B. T tm v t enang.
C. T nilon-6,6 v t capron. D. T visco v t axetat.
Cu 50: Polime dng ch to thu tinh hu c (plexiglas) c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp
A. CH2 =CHCOOCH3. B. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3.
C. CH3COOCH=CH2. D. C6H5CH=CH2.
Cu 51: trung ho lng axit t do c trong 14 gam mt mu cht bo cn 15ml dung dch KOH 0,1M. Ch s axit
ca mu cht bo trn l (Cho H = 1; O = 16; K = 39)
A. 5,5. B. 7,2. C. 6,0. D. 4,8.
165
Cu 52: Khi cho 41,4 gam hn hp X gm Fe2O3, Cr2O3 v Al2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH c (d), sau phn ng
thu c cht rn c khi lng 16 gam. kh hon ton 41,4 gam X bng phn ng nhit nhm, phi dng 10,8 gam
Al. Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Cr2O3 trong hn hp X l (Cho: hiu sut ca cc phn ng l 100%; O =
16; Al = 27; Cr = 52; Fe = 56)
A. 36,71%. B. 50,67%. C. 66,67%. D. 20,33%.
Cu 53: Trong cng nghip, axeton c iu ch t
A. propan-1-ol. B. cumen. C. propan-2-ol. D. xiclopropan.
Cu 54: Cho cc ion kim loi: Zn
2+
, Sn
2+
, Ni
2+
, Fe
2+
, Pb
2+
. Th t tnh oxi ho gim dn l
A. Zn
2+
> Sn
2+
> Ni
2+
> Fe
2+
> Pb
2+
. B. Pb
2+
> Sn
2+
> Ni
2+
> Fe
2+
> Zn
2+
.
C. Sn
2+
> Ni
2+
> Zn
2+
> Pb
2+
> Fe
2+
. D. Pb
2+
> Sn
2+
> Fe
2+
> Ni
2+
> Zn
2+
.
Cu 55: T l s ngi cht v bnh phi do ht thuc l gp hng chc ln s ngi khng ht thuc l. Cht gy nghin
v gy ung th c trong thuc l l
A. moocphin. B. cafein. C. aspirin. D. nicotin.
Cu 56: Cc hp cht trong dy cht no di y u c tnh lng tnh?
A. Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, Pb(OH)2. B. Cr(OH)3, Pb(OH)2, Mg(OH)2.
C. Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, Mg(OH)2. D. Cr(OH)3, Fe(OH)2, Mg(OH)2.
------------------------------------------------------------ HT ----------
B GIO DC V O TO
CHNH THC
THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2008 Mn thi:
HO HC, khi A
M thi 329
H, tn th sinh:..........................................................................
S bo danh:............................................................................
Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t:
H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39;
Ca = 40; Cr = 52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Ba = 137.
Cu 1: Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi CuO (d)
nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn ng vi
mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,2. B. 7,8. C. 7,4. D. 8,8.
Cu 2: Este X c cc c im sau:
- t chy hon ton X to thnh CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau;
- Thu phn X trong mi trng axit c cht Y (tham gia phn ng trng gng) v cht Z (c s nguyn t cacbon
bng mt na s nguyn t cacbon trong X).
166
Pht biu khng ng l:
A. Cht X thuc loi este no, n chc.
B. t chy hon ton 1 mol X sinh ra sn phm gm 2 mol CO2 v 2 mol H2O.
C. Cht Y tan v hn trong nc.
D. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c 170
o
C thu c anken.
Cu 3: Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH. B. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
C. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH. D. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH.
Cu 4: X l kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 long, Y l kim loi tc dng c vi dung dch Fe(NO3)3.
Hai kim loi X, Y ln lt l (bit th t trong dy th in ho: Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
ng trc Ag
+
/Ag)
A. Ag, Mg. B. Cu, Fe. C. Fe, Cu. D. Mg, Ag.
Cu 5: Cho 11,36 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 long (d), thu c
1,344 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X thu c m gam mui khan.
Gi tr ca m l
A. 35,50. B. 34,36. C. 49,09. D. 38,72.
(1) Cu(NO3)2

O
t
(2) NH4NO2

O
t
(3) NH3 + O2

Pt C
O
, 850
(4) NH3 + Cl2

O
t

(5) NH4Cl

O
t
(6) NH3 + CuO

O
t
Cc phn ng u to kh N2 l:
A. (1), (3), (4). B. (1), (2), (5). C. (2), (4), (6). D. (3), (5), (6).
Cu 7: Cho cc cht: Al, Al2O3, Al2(SO4)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHS, K2SO3, (NH4)2CO3. S cht u phn ng c vi dung
dch HCl, dung dch NaOH l
A. 6. B. 4. C. 5. D. 7.
Cu 8: Cho s chuyn ho sau:
C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y
X + H2SO4 long Z + T
Bit Y v Z u c phn ng trng gng. Hai cht Y, Z tng ng l:
A. CH3CHO, HCOOH. B. HCOONa, CH3CHO.
C. HCHO, CH3CHO. D. HCHO, HCOOH.
Cu 9: Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt qu: tng khi lng ca cacbon v
hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ru (ancol) ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 1.
Cu 10: S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C4H8O2 l
A. 6. B. 5. C. 2. D. 4.
Cu 11: Khi lng ca mt on mch t nilon-6,6 l 27346 vC v ca mt on mch t capron l 17176 vC. S
lng mt xch trong on mch nilon-6,6 v capron nu trn ln lt l
A. 121 v 114. B. 121 v 152. C. 113 v 152. D. 113 v 114.
Cu 12: Tinh bt, xenluloz, saccaroz, mantoz u c kh nng tham gia phn ng
A. thy phn. B. trng gng. C. trng ngng. D. ho tan Cu(OH)2.
Cu 13: Gluxit (cacbohirat) ch cha hai gc glucoz trong phn t l
167
A. tinh bt. B. mantoz. C. xenluloz. D. saccaroz.
Cu 14: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta iu ch oxi bng cch
A. in phn nc. B. nhit phn Cu(NO3)2.
C. nhit phn KClO3 c xc tc MnO2. D. chng ct phn on khng kh lng.
Cu 15: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X,
tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l
Cu 16: Ho tan hon ton 0,3 mol hn hp gm Al v Al4C3 vo dung dch KOH (d), thu c a mol hn hp kh
v dung dch X. Sc kh CO2 (d) vo dung dch X, lng kt ta thu c l 46,8 gam. Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,55. B. 0,60. C. 0,45. D. 0,40.
Cu 17: Pht biu ng l:
A. Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
B. Phn ng gia axit v ru khi c H2SO4 c l phn ng mt chiu.
C. Tt c cc este phn ng vi dung dch kim lun thu c sn phm cui cng l mui v ru (ancol).
D. Khi thy phn cht bo lun thu c C2H4(OH)2.
Cu 18: Cho 3,6 gam anehit n chc X phn ng hon ton vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch
NH3 un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Ho tan hon ton m gam Ag bng dung dch HNO3 c, sinh ra 2,24 lt NO2 (sn
phm kh duy nht, ktc). Cng thc ca X l
A. C3H7CHO. B. C4H9CHO. C. HCHO. D. C2H5CHO.
Cu 19: Trung ho 5,48 gam hn hp gm axit axetic, phenol v axit benzoic, cn dng 600 ml dung dch NaOH
0,1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng, thu c hn hp cht rn khan c khi lng l
Cu 20: Cho 2,13 gam hn hp X gm ba kim loi Mg, Cu v Al dng bt tc dng hon ton vi oxi thu c hn
hp Y gm cc oxit c khi lng 3,33 gam. Th tch dung dch HCl 2M va phn ng ht vi Y l
A. 50 ml. B. 57 ml. C. 75 ml. D. 90 ml.
Cu 21: Cho V lt hn hp kh ( ktc) gm CO v H2 phn ng vi mt lng d hn hp rn gm CuO v Fe3O4
nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng hn hp rn gim 0,32 gam. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,112. B. 0,560. C. 0,224. D. 0,448.
Cu 22: Cho Cu v dung dch H2SO4 long tc dng vi cht X (mt loi phn bn ha hc), thy thot ra kh khng
mu ha nu trong khng kh. Mt khc, khi X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH th c kh mi khai thot ra. Cht X l
A. amophot. B. ure. C. natri nitrat. D. amoni nitrat.
A. Trong dung dch, H2N-CH2-COOH cn tn ti dng ion lng cc H3N
+
-CH2-COO
-
.
B. Aminoaxit l hp cht hu c tp chc, phn t cha ng thi nhm amino v nhm cacboxyl.
C. Hp cht H2N-CH2-COOH3N-CH3 l este ca glyxin (hay glixin).
D. Aminoaxit l nhng cht rn, kt tinh, tan tt trong nc v c v ngt.
Cu 24: Trn ln V ml dung dch NaOH 0,01M vi V ml dung dch HCl 0,03 M c 2V ml dung dch Y. Dung dch
Y c pH l
A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4.
Cu 25: Pht biu ng l:
A. Cc cht etilen, toluen v stiren u tham gia phn ng trng hp.
B. Tnh baz ca anilin mnh hn ca amoniac.
168
C. Cao su thin nhin l sn phm trng hp ca isopren.
D. Tnh axit ca phenol yu hn ca ru (ancol).
Cu 26: Cho 3,2 gam bt Cu tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm HNO3 0,8M v H2SO4 0,2M. Sau khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton, sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,746. B. 0,672. C. 0,448. D. 1,792.
Cu 27: S ng phn hirocacbon thm ng vi cng thc phn t C8H10 l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 28: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2
0,2M, sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,85. B. 11,82. C. 19,70. D. 17,73.
Cu 29: Cho glixerin trioleat (hay triolein) ln lt vo mi ng nghim cha ring bit: Na, Cu(OH)2, CH3OH, dung
dch Br2, dung dch NaOH. Trong iu kin thch hp, s phn ng xy ra l
A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5.
Cu 30: T hai mui X v Y thc hin cc phn ng sau:
X

O
t
X1 + CO2 X1 + H2O X2
X2 + Y X + Y1 + H2 O X2 + 2Y X + Y2 + 2H2O
Hai mui X, Y tng ng l
A. BaCO3, Na2CO3. B. CaCO3, NaHSO4. C. MgCO3, NaHCO3. D. CaCO3, NaHCO3.
Cu 31: Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh thu c l
A. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en). B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en). D. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en).
Cu 32: ho tan hon ton 2,32 gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 (trong s mol FeO bng s mol Fe2O3),
cn dng va V lt dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,16. B. 0,18. C. 0,23. D. 0,08.
Cu 33: Cho s chuyn ha: CH4 C2H2 C2H3Cl PVC. tng hp 250 kg PVC theo s trn th cn V
m
3
kh thin nhin ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l (bit CH4 chim 80% th tch kh thin nhin v hiu sut ca c qu trnh
l 50%)
A. 224,0. B. 286,7. C. 358,4. D. 448,0.
Cu 34: Cho hn hp gm Na v Al c t l s mol tng ng l 1 : 2 vo nc (d). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh H2 ( ktc) v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,4. B. 7,8. C. 10,8. D. 43,2.
4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O.
2HCl + Fe FeCl2 + H2.
14HCl + K2Cr2O7 2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O.
6HCl + 2Al 2AlCl3 + 3H2.
16HCl + 2KMnO4 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O.
S phn ng trong HCl th hin tnh oxi ha l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 1.
Cu 36: C cc dung dch ring bit sau: C6H5-NH3Cl (phenylamoniclorua),
169
+ O
2
, t
0
+ O
2
, t
0

+ X, t
0

H2N-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, ClH3N-CH2-COOH, HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH, H2N-CH2-COONa. S lng
cc dung dch c pH < 7 l
A. 2. B. 4. C. 5. D. 3.
Cu 37: un nng hn hp kh gm 0,06 mol C2H2 v 0,04 mol H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp
kh Y. Dn ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) th cn li 0,448 lt hn hp kh Z ( ktc)
c t khi so vi O2 l 0,5. Khi lng bnh dung dch brom tng l
Cu 38: Cho cn bng ho hc: 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k); phn ng thun l phn ng to nhit. Pht biu
ng l:
A. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch khi gim nng SO3.
B. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi gim p sut h phn ng.
C. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch khi gim nng O2.
D. Cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu thun khi tng nhit .
Cu 39: Cho V lt dung dch NaOH 2M vo dung dch cha 0,1 mol Al2(SO4)3 v 0,1 mol H2SO4 n khi phn ng
hon ton, thu c 7,8 gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V thu c lng kt ta trn l
A. 0,35. B. 0,45. C. 0,25. D. 0,05.
Cu 40: un nng V lt hi anehit X vi 3V lt kh H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ch thu c
mt hn hp kh Y c th tch 2V lt (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Ngng t Y thu c cht
Z; cho Z tc dng vi Na sinh ra H2 c s mol bng s mol Z phn ng. Cht X l anehit
A. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), hai chc.
B. no, hai chc.
C. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), n chc.
D. no, n chc.
Cu 41: Hp cht trong phn t c lin kt ion l
A. NH4Cl. B. HCl. C. H2O. D. NH3.
Cu 42: Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: 3Li, 8O, 9F, 11Na c xp theo th t tng dn t tri sang phi l
A. F, Na, O, Li. B. F, Li, O, Na. C. F, O, Li, Na. D. Li, Na, O, F.
Cu 43: Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (in cc tr), ti catt xy ra
A. s oxi ho ion Cl
-
. B. s oxi ho ion Na
+
. C. s kh ion Cl
-
. D. s kh ion Na
+
.
Cu 44: Cho hn hp bt gm 2,7 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe vo 550 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy
ra hon ton, thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l (bit th t trong dy th in ho: Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
ng trc
Ag
+
/Ag)
A. 32,4. B. 64,8. C. 59,4. D. 54,0.
PHN RING Th sinh ch c lm 1 trong 2 phn: phn I hoc phn II
Cu 45: Khi crackinh hon ton mt th tch ankan X thu c ba th tch hn hp Y (cc th tch kh o cng iu
kin nhit v p sut); t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 12. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C5H12. B. C3H8. C. C4H10. D. C6H14.
Cu 46: Cho cc cht sau: CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2, CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH3,
CH3-C(CH3)=CH-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2. S cht c ng phn hnh hc l
A. 3. B. 2. C. 1. D. 4.
170
+ O
2
, t
0
+ O
2
, t
0

+ X, t
0

Cu 47: Nung nng m gam hn hp Al v Fe2O3 (trong mi trng khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton,
thu c hn hp rn Y. Chia Y thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d), sinh ra 3,08 lt kh H2 ( ktc);
- Phn 2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d), sinh ra 0,84 lt kh H2 ( ktc).
Gi tr ca m l
A. 22,75 B. 29,43. C. 29,40. D. 21,40.
Cu 48: Bit rng ion Pb
2+
trong dung dch oxi ha c Sn. Khi nhng hai thanh kim loi Pb v Sn c ni vi nhau
bng dy dn in vo mt dung dch cht in li th
A. ch c Pb b n mn in ho. B. ch c Sn b n mn in ho.
C. c Pb v Sn u khng b n mn in ho. D. c Pb v Sn u b n mn in ho.
Cu 49: Cho iso-pentan tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l s mol 1 : 1, s sn phm monoclo ti a thu c l
A. 2. B. 4. C. 3. D. 5.
Cu 50: Trong cc loi qung st, qung c hm lng st cao nht l
A. hematit . B. xierit. C. hematit nu. D. manhetit.
Cu 51: Cho s chuyn ho qung ng thnh ng:
CuFeS X Y Cu.
Hai cht X, Y ln lt l:
A. Cu2O, CuO. B. CuS, CuO. C. Cu2S, Cu2O. D. Cu2S, CuO.
Cu 52: Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 80% l
Cu 53: S ng phn xeton ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l
A. 3. B. 5. C. 6. D. 4.
Cu 54: Tc nhn ch yu gy ma axit l
A. SO2 v NO2. B. CH4 v NH3. C. CO v CH4. D. CO v CO2.
Cu 55: Mt pin in ho c in cc Zn nhng trong dung dch ZnSO4 v in cc Cu nhng trong dung dch CuSO4.
Sau mt thi gian pin phng in th khi lng
A. in cc Zn gim cn khi lng in cc Cu tng.
B. c hai in cc Zn v Cu u tng.
C. in cc Zn tng cn khi lng in cc Cu gim.
D. c hai in cc Zn v Cu u gim.
Cu 56: oxi ha hon ton 0,01 mol CrCl3 thnh K2CrO4 bng Cl2 khi c mt KOH, lng ti thiu Cl2 v KOH
tng ng l
A. 0,03 mol v 0,08 mol. B. 0,015 mol v 0,08 mol.
C. 0,015 mol v 0,04 mol. D. 0,03 mol v 0,04 mol.
-----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------- HT ----------
171
+ O
2
, t
0
+ O
2
, t
0

+ X, t
0

B GIO DC V O TO
CHNH THC
Mn thi: HO HC, khi B
M thi 195
H, tn th sinh:..........................................................................
S bo danh:............................................................................
Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t:
H = 1; Li = 7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Fe = 56; Cu = 64;
Zn = 65; As = 75; Br = 80; Rb = 85,5; Ag = 108; Ba = 137.
Cu 1: Cho bit cc phn ng xy ra sau:
2FeBr2 + Br2 2FeBr3 2NaBr + Cl2 2NaCl + Br2
Pht biu ng l:
A. Tnh kh ca Cl
-
mnh hn ca Br
-
. B. Tnh oxi ha ca Br2 mnh hn ca Cl2.
C. Tnh kh ca Br
-
mnh hn ca Fe
2+
. D. Tnh oxi ha ca Cl2 mnh hn ca Fe
3+
.
Cu 2: Dy cc nguyn t sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh phi kim t tri sang phi l:
A. P, N, F, O. B. N, P, F, O. C. P, N, O, F. D. N, P, O, F.
Cu 3: Nguyn tc luyn thp t gang l:
A. Dng O2 oxi ho cc tp cht Si, P, S, Mn, trong gang thu c thp.
B. Dng cht kh CO kh oxit st thnh st nhit cao.
C. Dng CaO hoc CaCO3 kh tp cht Si, P, S, Mn, trong gang thu c thp.
D. Tng thm hm lng cacbon trong gang thu c thp.
Cu 4: un nng cht H2N-CH2-CONH-CH(CH3)-CONH-CH2-COOH trong dung dch HCl (d), sau khi cc phn ng kt
thc thu c sn phm l:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH, H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.
B. H3N
+
-CH2-COOHCl
-
, H3N
+
-CH2-CH2-COOHCl
-
.
C. H3N
+
-CH2-COOHCl
-
, H3N
+
-CH(CH3)-COOHCl
-
.
D. H2N-CH2-COOH, H2N-CH(CH3)-COOH.
Cu 5: Cho s chuyn ho sau:
Toluen X Y Z
Trong X, Y, Z u l hn hp ca cc cht hu c. Z c thnh phn chnh gm
A. m-metylphenol v o-metylphenol. B. benzyl bromua v o-bromtoluen.
C. o-bromtoluen v p-bromtoluen. D. o-metylphenol v p-metylphenol.
Cu 6: Mt mu nc cng cha cc ion: Ca
2+
, Mg
2+
, HCO
3-
, Cl
-
, SO4
2-
. Cht c dng lm mm mu nc cng trn l:
A. Na2CO3. B. HCl. C. H2SO4. D. NaHCO3.
Cu 7: un nng hn hp gm hai ru (ancol) n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng vi H2SO4 c 140
o
C.
Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 6 gam hn hp gm ba ete v 1,8 gam nc. Cng thc phn t ca hai ru trn l
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH. B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C3H5OH v C4H7OH. D. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
Cu 8: Cho cc cht: ru (ancol) etylic, glixerin (glixerol), glucoz, imetyl ete v axit fomic. S cht tc dng c vi
Cu(OH)2 l
A. 1. B. 3. C. 4. D. 2.
172
+ NaOH d, t
0
+ Br
2
(1:1),Fe, t
0
+ HCl d
Cu 9: Oxi ho 1,2 gam CH3OH bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp sn phm X (gm HCHO, H2O v
CH3OH d). Cho ton b X tc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, c 12,96 gam Ag. Hiu sut
ca phn ng oxi ho CH3OH l
A. 76,6%. B. 80,0%. C. 65,5%. D. 70,4%.
Cu 10: Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5 lt ru (ancol) etylic 46 l (bit hiu sut
ca c qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ru etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml)
A. 5,4 kg. B. 5,0 kg. C. 6,0 kg. D. 4,5 kg.
Cu 11: Nung mt hn hp rn gm a mol FeCO3 v b mol FeS2 trong bnh kn cha khng kh (d). Sau khi cc phn ng xy
ra hon ton, a bnh v nhit ban u, thu c cht rn duy nht l Fe2O3 v hn hp kh. Bit p sut kh trong bnh
trc v sau phn ng bng nhau, mi lin h gia a v b l (bit sau cc phn ng, lu hunh mc oxi ho +4, th tch cc
cht rn l khng ng k)
A. a = 0,5b. B. a = b. C. a = 4b. D. a = 2b.
Cu 12: Cho 9,12 gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, c dung dch Y; c cn Y thu c 7,62 gam FeCl2 v m gam FeCl3. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,75. B. 8,75. C. 7,80. D. 6,50.
Cu 13: Cho dy cc cht v ion: Cl2, F2, SO2, Na
+
, Ca
2+
, Fe
2+
, Al
3+
, Mn
2+
, S
2-
, Cl
-
. S cht v ion trong dy u c tnh oxi ho
v tnh kh l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 6. D. 5.
Cu 14: Phn ng nhit phn khng ng l
A. 2KNO3

0
t
2KNO2 + O2. B. NH4NO2

0
t
N2 + 2H2O.
C. NH4Cl

0
t
NH3 + HCl. D. NaHCO3

0
t
NaOH + CO2.
Cu 15: Cho dy cc cht: KAl(SO4)2.12H2O, C2H5OH, C12H22O11 (saccaroz), CH3COOH, Ca(OH)2, CH3COONH4. S cht
in li l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 2.
Cu 16: Cho 2,16 gam Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 0,896 lt kh NO (
ktc) v dung dch X. Khi lng mui khan thu c khi lm bay hi dung dch X l
Cu 17: Thnh phn chnh ca qung photphorit l
A. Ca3(PO4)2. B. NH4H2PO4. C. Ca(H2PO4)2. D. CaHPO4.
Cu 18: un nng mt ru (ancol) n chc X vi dung dch H2SO4 c trong iu kin nhit thch hp sinh ra cht hu
c Y, t khi hi ca X so vi Y l 1,6428. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8O. B. C2H6O. C. CH4O. D. C4H8O.
Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 CaOCl2 + H2O 2H2S + SO2 3S + 2H2O
2NO2 + 2NaOH NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O 4KClO3

0
t
KCl + 3KClO4
O3 O2 + O
S phn ng oxi ho kh l
A. 5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
Cu 20: Cho 8,9 gam mt hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N phn ng vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M.
Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c 11,7 gam cht rn. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. HCOOH3NCH=CH2. B. H2NCH2CH2COOH.
173
C. CH2=CHCOONH4. D. H2NCH2COOCH3.
Cu 21: Dn 1,68 lt hn hp kh X gm hai hirocacbon vo bnh ng dung dch brom (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon
ton, c 4 gam brom phn ng v cn li 1,12 lt kh. Nu t chy hon ton 1,68 lt X th sinh ra 2,8 lt kh CO2. Cng thc
phn t ca hai hirocacbon l (bit cc th tch kh u o ktc)
A. CH4 v C2H4. B. CH4 v C3H4. C. CH4 v C3H6. D. C2H6 v C3H6.
Cu 22: Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc thc nghim (C3H4O3)n, vy cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C6H8O6. B. C3H4O3. C. C12H16O12. D. C9H12O9.
Cu 23: Cho cn bng ho hc: N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k); phn ng thun l phn ng to nhit. Cn bng ho hc
khng b chuyn dch khi
A. thay i p sut ca h. B. thay i nng N2.
C. thay i nhit . D. thm cht xc tc Fe.
Cu 24: Cho 1,9 gam hn hp mui cacbonat v hirocacbonat ca kim loi kim M tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl (d), sinh
ra 0,448 lt kh ( ktc). Kim loi M l
A. Na. B. K. C. Rb. D. Li.
Cu 25: Th tch dung dch HNO3 67,5% (khi lng ring l 1,5 g/ml) cn dng tc dng vi xenluloz to thnh 89,1 kg
xenluloz trinitrat l (bit lng HNO3 b hao ht l 20 %)
A. 55 lt. B. 81 lt. C. 49 lt. D. 70 lt.
Cu 26: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Al, Cu vo dung dch HCl (d), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 3,36 lt kh ( ktc).
Nu cho m gam hn hp X trn vo mt lng d axit nitric (c, ngui), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 6,72 lt kh NO2
(sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,5. B. 10,5. C. 12,3. D. 15,6.
Cu 27: Hp cht hu c no, a chc X c cng thc phn t C7H12O4. Cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi 100 gam dung dch
NaOH 8% thu c cht hu c Y v 17,8 gam hn hp mui. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3OOC(CH2)2COOC2H5. B. CH3COO(CH2)2COOC2H5.
C. CH3COO(CH2)2OOCC2H5. D. CH3OOCCH2COOC3H7.
Cu 28: Trn 100 ml dung dch c pH = 1 gm HCl v HNO3 vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH nng a (mol/l) thu c 200 ml
dung dch c pH = 12. Gi tr ca a l (bit trong mi dung dch [H
+
][OH
-
] = 10
-14
)
A. 0,15. B. 0,30. C. 0,03. D. 0,12.
Cu 29: Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung dch gm KOH 0,12M v NaOH
0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H5COOH. B. CH3COOH. C. HCOOH. D. C3H7COOH.
Cu 30: Cht phn ng vi dung dch FeCl3 cho kt ta l
A. CH3NH2. B. CH3COOCH3. C. CH3OH. D. CH3COOH.
H2S + O2 (d) )

0
t
Kh X + H2O
NH3 + O2

Pt C, 850
0
Kh Y + H2O
NH4HCO3 + HCl long Kh Z + NH4Cl + H2O
Cc kh X, Y, Z thu c ln lt l:
A. SO3, NO, NH3. B. SO2, N2, NH3. C. SO2, NO, CO2. D. SO3, N2, CO2.
Cu 32: Nhit phn hon ton 40 gam mt loi qung lmit c ln tp cht tr sinh ra 8,96 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Thnh phn
phn trm v khi lng ca CaCO3.MgCO3 trong loi qung nu trn l
174
A. 40%. B. 50%. C. 84%. D. 92%.
HBr + C2H5OH

0
t
C2H4 + Br2
C2H4 + HBr C2H6 + Br2

0
), 1 : 1 ( t askt
S phn ng to ra C2H5Br l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 1.
Cu 34: Tin hnh hai th nghim sau:
- Th nghim 1: Cho m gam bt Fe (d) vo V1 lt dung dch Cu(NO3)2 1M;
- Th nghim 2: Cho m gam bt Fe (d) vo V2 lt dung dch AgNO3 0,1M.
Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng cht rn thu c hai th nghim u bng nhau. Gi tr ca V1 so vi V2
l
A. V1 = V2. B. V1 = 10V2. C. V1 = 5V2. D. V1 = 2V2.
Cu 35: Polime c cu trc mng khng gian (mng li) l
A. PE. B. amilopectin. C. PVC. D. nha bakelit.
Cu 36: Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH3. Trong oxit m R c ho tr cao nht th oxi
chim 74,07% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l
A. S. B. As. C. N. D. P.
Cu 37: nh hng ca nhm -OH n gc C6H5- trong phn t phenol th hin qua phn ng gia phenol vi
A. dung dch NaOH. B. Na kim loi.
C. nc Br2. D. H2 (Ni, nung nng).
Cu 38: Hirocacbon mch h X trong phn t ch cha lin kt v c hai nguyn t cacbon bc ba trong mt phn t. t
chy hon ton 1 th tch X sinh ra 6 th tch CO2 ( cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Khi cho X tc dng vi Cl2 (theo t l s
mol 1 : 1), s dn xut monoclo ti a sinh ra l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 39: X phng ho hon ton 17,24 gam cht bo cn va 0,06 mol NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c
khi lng x phng l
Cu 40: Cho dy cc cht: C2H2, HCHO, HCOOH, CH3CHO, (CH3)2CO, C12H22O11 (mantoz) . S cht trong dy tham gia
c phn ng trng gng l
A. 3. B. 6. C. 5. D. 4.
Cu 41: Cho 0,1 mol P2O5 vo dung dch cha 0,35 mol KOH. Dung dch thu c c cc cht:
A. K3PO4, K2HPO4. B. K2HPO4, KH2PO4.
C. K3PO4, KOH. D. H3PO4, KH2PO4.
Cu 42: Khi t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc th s mol CO2 sinh ra bng s mol O2 phn ng. Tn gi ca este l
A. metyl fomiat. B. etyl axetat. C. n-propyl axetat. D. metyl axetat.
Cu 43: Cho cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C2H8O3N2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, thu c cht hu c n chc Y
v cc cht v c. Khi lng phn t (theo vC) ca Y l
A. 85. B. 68. C. 45. D. 46.
Cu 44: Hn hp rn X gm Al, Fe2O3 v Cu c s mol bng nhau. Hn hp X tan hon ton trong dung dch
A. NaOH (d). B. HCl (d). C. AgNO3 (d). D. NH3(d).
PHN RING: Th sinh ch c lm 1 trong 2 phn: phn I hoc phn II
175
Cu 45: Cho dy cc cht: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H5OH, CH2=CH-COOH, C6H5NH2 (anilin), C6H5OH (phenol), C6H6 (benzen).
S cht trong dy phn ng c vi nc brom l
A. 6. B. 8. C. 7. D. 5.
Cu 46: Th tch dung dch HNO3 1M (long) t nht cn dng ho tan hon ton mt hn hp gm 0,15 mol Fe v 0,15
mol Cu l (bit phn ng to cht kh duy nht l NO)
A. 1,0 lt. B. 0,6 lt. C. 0,8 lt. D. 1,2 lt.
(1) O3 + dung dch KI (2) F2 + H2O

0
t
(3) MnO2 + HCl c

0
t
(4) Cl2 + dung dch H2S
Cc phn ng to ra n cht l:
A. (1), (2), (3). B. (1), (3), (4). C. (2), (3), (4). D. (1), (2), (4).
Cu 48: t chy hon ton 1 lt hn hp kh gm C2H2 v hirocacbon X sinh ra 2 lt kh CO2 v 2 lt hi H2O (cc th tch
kh v hi o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6. B. C2H4. C. CH4. D. C3H8.
Cu 49: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z l ng ng k tip, khi lng phn t ca Z bng 2 ln khi lng phn t ca X. Cc cht
X, Y, Z thuc dy ng ng
A. ankan. B. ankaien. C. anken. D. ankin.
Cu 50: Tin hnh bn th nghim sau:
- Th nghim 1: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch FeCl3;
- Th nghim 2: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch CuSO4;
- Th nghim 3: Nhng thanh Cu vo dung dch FeCl3;
- Th nghim 4: Cho thanh Fe tip xc vi thanh Cu ri nhng vo dung dch HCl.
S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 51: Mui C6H5N2
+
Cl
-
(phenyliazoni clorua) c sinh ra khi cho C6H5-NH2 (anilin) tc dngvi NaNO2 trong dung dch
HCl nhit thp (0-5
o
C). iu ch c 14,05 gam C6H5N2
+
Cl
-
vi hiu sut 100%), lng C6H5-NH2 v NaNO2 cn
dng va l
A. 0,1 mol v 0,4 mol. B. 0,1 mol v 0,2 mol.
C. 0,1 mol v 0,1 mol. D. 0,1 mol v 0,3 mol.
Cu 52: Cho cc dung dch: HCl, NaOH c, NH3, KCl. S dung dch phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2 l
A. 1. B. 3. C. 2. D. 4.
Cu 53: Hi thu ngn rt c, bi vy khi lm v nhit k thu ngn th cht bt c dng rc ln thu ngn ri gom li
l
A. vi sng. B. ct. C. mui n. D. lu hunh.
Cu 54: Ba cht hu c mch h X, Y, Z c cng cng thc phn t C3H6O v c cc tnh cht: X, Z u phn ng vi nc
brom; X, Y, Z u phn ng vi H2 nhng ch c Z khng b thay i nhm chc; cht Y ch tc dng vi brom khi c mt
CH3COOH. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. C2H5CHO, CH2=CH-O-CH3, (CH3)2CO.
B. (CH3)2CO, C2H5CHO, CH2=CH-CH2OH.
C. C2H5CHO, (CH3)2CO, CH2=CH-CH2OH.
176
D. CH2=CH-CH2OH, C2H5CHO, (CH3)2CO.
Cu 55: Cho sut in ng chun Eo ca cc pin in ho: E
o
(Cu-X) = 0,46V; E
o
(Y-Cu) = 1,1V; E
o
(Z-Cu) = 0,47V (X, Y, Z
l ba kim loi). Dy cc kim loi xp theo chiu tng dn tnh kh t tri sang phi l
A. Z, Y, Cu, X. B. X, Cu, Z, Y. C. Y, Z, Cu, X. D. X, Cu, Y, Z.
Cu 56: Cho mt lng bt Zn vo dung dch X gm FeCl2 v CuCl2. Khi lng cht rn sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton nh hn khi lng bt Zn ban u l 0,5 gam. C cn phn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 13,6 gam mui khan. Tng
khi lng cc mui trong X l
-----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------- HT ----------
B GIO DC V O TO
CHNH THC
Mn thi: HO HC, Khi A, B
M thi 420
Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t : H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Mg = 24 ; Al = 27 ; S = 32
; Cl = 35,5 ; K = 39 ; Ca = 40 ; Cr = 52 ; Fe = 56 ; Cu = 64 ; Zn = 65 ; Sr = 88 ; Ag = 108 ; Ba = 137.
Cu 1: t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol tng ng l 3:2.
Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6O. B. C2H6O. C. C4H10O2. D. C3H8O2.
Cu 2: Chia m gam Al thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn mt tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, sinh ra x mol kh H2;
- Phn hai tc dng vi lng d dung dch HNO3 long, sinh ra y mol kh N2O (sn phm kh duy nht). Quan h gia x
v y l
A. y = 2x. B. x = y. C. x = 4y. D. x = 2y.
Cu 3: T 16,20 tn xenluloz ngi ta sn xut c m tn xenluloz trinitrat (bit hiu sut phn ng tnh theo
xenluloz l 90%). Gi tr ca m l
A. 33,00. B. 29,70. C. 25,46. D. 26,73.
Cu 4: Cng thc n gin nht ca mt hirocacbon l CnH2n+1. Hirocacbon thuc dy ng ng ca
A. anken. B. ankin. C. ankaien. D. ankan.
Cu 5: Cho dy cc cht: FeO, Fe(OH)2, FeSO4, Fe3O4, Fe2(SO4)3, Fe2O3. S cht trong dy b oxi ha khi tc dng vi
dung dch HNO3 c, nng l
A. 6. B. 5. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 6: Cho cc cn bng ha hc :
177
N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) 2NH3 (k) (1) H2 (k) + I2 (k) 2HI (k) (2)
2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k) (3) 2NO2 (k) N2O4 (k) (4)
Khi thay i p sut nhng cn bng ho hc b chuyn dch l
A. (2), (3), (4). B. (1), (3), (4). C. (1), (2), (4). D. (1), (2), (3).
Cu 7: Cho cc cht sau :
CH3-CH2-CHO (1), CH2=CH-CHO (2), (CH3)2CH-CHO (3), CH2=CH-CH2-OH (4)
Nhng cht phn ng hon ton vi lng d H2 (Ni, t
0
) cng to ra mt sn phm l :
A. (1), (2), (3). B. (1), (2), (4). C. (2), (3), (4). D. (1), (3), (4).
Cu 8: Cho dy cc cht : KOH, Ca(NO3)2, SO3, NaHSO4, Na2SO3, K2SO4 . S cht trong dy to thnh kt ta khi phn
ng vi dung dch BaCl2 l
A. 4 B. 6 C. 3 D. 2
Cu 9: Ho tan ht 7,74 gam hn hp bt Mg, Al bng 500 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,28M thu c
dung dch X v 8,736 lt H2 ( ktc). C cn dung dch X thu c lng mui khan l
Cu 10: X phng ho hon ton 22,2 gam hn hp gm hai este HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng dung dch NaOH
1M (un nng). Th tch dung dch NaOH ti thiu cn dng l
A. 300 ml B. 200 ml C. 150 ml D. 400 ml
Cu 11 : Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCHO v 0,1 mol HCOOH tc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung
dch NH3 , un nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng Ag to thnh l
Cu 12 : X l kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II (hay nhm IIA). Cho 1,7 gam hn hp gm kim loi X v Zn tc
dng vi lng d dung dch HCl, sinh ra 0,672 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Mt khc, khi cho 1,9 gam X tc dng vi lng d
dung dch H2SO4 long, th th tch kh hiro sinh ra cha n 1,12 lt ( ktc). Kim loi X l
A.Mg B.Ca C.Sr D.Ba
Cu 13: Nhit phn hon ton 34,65 gam hn hp gm KNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 , thu c hn hp kh X (t khi ca X so
vi kh hiro bng 18,8). Khi lng Cu(NO3)2 trong hn hp ban u l
Cu 14: Hai cht hu c X1 v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60 vC. X1 c kh nng phn ng vi Na, NaOH,
Na2CO3. X2 phn ng vi NaOH (un nng) nhng khng phn ng Na. Cng thc cu to ca X1 , X2 ln lt l
A. CH3COOH, HCOOCH3 B. (CH3)2CHOH, HCOOCH3
C. CH3COOH, CH3COOCH3 D. HCOOCH3 , CH3COOH
Cu 15: Cho dy cc cht : NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NaCl, MgCl2, FeCl2, AlCl3 . S cht trong dy tc dng vi lng d
dung dch Ba(OH)2 to thnh kt ta l
A. 3 B. 5 C. 4 D. 1
178
Cu 16: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. S ht mang in ca mt nguyn
t Y nhiu hn s ht mang in ca mt nguyn t X l 8 ht. Cc nguyn t X v Y ln lt l (bit s hiu nguyn t
ca: Na = 11; Al = 13; P = 15; Cl = 17; Fe = 26)
A. Al v Cl B. Al v P C. Na v Cl D. Fe v Cl
Cu 17 : un nng 6,0 gam CH3COOH vi 6,0 gam C2H5OH (c H2SO4 lm xc tc, hiu sut phn ng este ho bng
50%). Khi lng este to thnh l
Cu 18 : Trn 5,6 gam bt st vi 2,4 gam bt lu hunh ri nung nng (trong iu kin khng c khng kh), thu c
hn hp rn M. Cho M tc dng vi lng d dung dch HCl, gii phng hn hp kh X v cn li mt phn khng tan
G. t chy hon ton X v G cn va V lt kh O2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48 B. 3,36 C. 2,80 D. 3,08
Cu 19 : Hai cht c dng lm mm nc cng vnh cu l
A. Na2CO3 v HCl B. NaCl v Ca(OH)2
C. Na2CO3 v Ca(OH)2 D. Na2CO3 v Na3PO4
Cu 20 : Cho s chuyn ho (mi mi tn l mt phng trnh phn ng)
NaOH Fe(OH)3 Fe2(SO4)3 BaSO4
Cc dd (dung dch) X, Y, Z ln lt l
A. FeCl3, H2SO4 (c, nng), Ba(NO3)2 B. FeCl2, H2SO4 (c, nng), BaCl2
C. FeCl3, H2SO4 (c, nng), BaCl2 D. FeCl2, H2SO4 (long), Ba(NO3)2
Cu 21 : Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
4s
1
, nguyn t ca nguyn t Y c cu hnh
electron 1s
2
2s
2
2p
5
. Lin kt ho hc gia nguyn t X v nguyn t Y thuc loi lin kt
A. cho nhn B. ion C. cng ho tr D. kim loi
Cu 22 : Ho tan hon ton Fe3O4 trong dung dch H2SO4 long (d) c dung dch X1. Cho lng d bt Fe vo dung
dch X1 (trong iu kin khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch X2 cha cht tan l
A. Fe2(SO4)3 B. FeSO4 C. Fe2(SO4)3 v H2SO4 D. FeSO4 v H2SO4
Cu 23 : Mt hn hp X gm hai cht hu c n chc. Cho X phn ng va vi 500 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Sau
phn ng, thu c hn hp Y gm hai mui ca hai axit cacboxylic v mt ru (ancol). Cho ton b lng ru thu
c trn tc dng vi Na (d), sinh ra 3,36 lt H2 ( ktc). Hn hp X gm
A. mt este v mt ru B. mt axit v mt este
C. mt axit v mt ru D. hai este
Cu 24 : Cho 3,6 gam Mg tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 (d) sinh ra 2,24 lt kh X (sn phm kh duy nht , ktc).
Kh X l
A. NO B. NO2 C. N2 D. N2O
Cu 25 : Dn t t V lt kh CO ( ktc) i qua mt ng s ng lng d hn hp rn gm CuO, Fe2O3 ( nhit cao).
Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton , thu c kh X. Dn ton b kh X trn vo lng d dung dch Ca(OH) 2 th
to thnh 4 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
179
+ dd X + dd Y
+ dd Z
A.0,224 B.0,448 C.0,896 D.1,120
Cu 26 : t chy hon ton hn hp M gm mt ankan X v mt ankin Y, thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. Thnh
phn phn trm s mol ca X v Y trong hn hp M ln lt l
A. 35% v 65% B. 75% v 25% C. 20% v 80% D. 50% v 50%
Cu 27 : Khi un nng hn hp ru (ancol) gm CH2OH v C2H5OH (xc tc H2SO4 c, 140
0
C) th s ete thu c
ti a l
A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 2
Cu 28 : Dung dch X cha cc ion : Fe
3+
, SO4
2-
, NH4
+
, Cl
-
. Chia dung dch X thnh hai phn bng nhau :
Phn mt tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam kt ta ;
Phn hai tc vi lng d dung dch BaCl2, thu c 4,66 gam kt ta.
Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi)
Cu 29 : Cho cc dung dch c cng nng : Na2CO3 (1), H2SO4 (2) , HCl (3), KNO3 (4). Gi tr pH ca cc dung dch
c sp xp theo chiu tng t tri sang phi l
A. (4), (1), (2), (3) B. (2), (3), (4), (1) C. (3), (2), (4), (1) D. (1), (2), (3), (4)
Cu 30 : Cho hn hp bt Al, Fe vo dung dch cha Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton , thu
c hn hp rn gm ba kim loi l
A. Al , Cu , Ag B. Al , Fe , Cu C. Fe , Cu , Ag D. Al , Fe , Ag
Cu 31 : T nilon 6,6 c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng
A. H2N(CH2)5COOH
B. HOOC(CH2)2CH(NH2)COOH
C. HOOC(CH2)4COOH v HO(CH2)2OH
D. HOOC(CH2)4COOH v H2N(CH2)6NH2
Cu 32 : Trng hp khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l
A .FeCl2 + H2S FeS + 2HCl B. 3O2 + 2H2S

0
t
2H2O + 2SO2
C. Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O D. O3 + 2KI + H2O 2KOH + I2 + O2
Cu 33 : Este n chc X c t khi hi so vi CH4 l 6,25. Cho 20 gam X tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch KOH 1M (un
nng). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 28 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH2=CHCOOCH2CH3 B. CH3CH2COOCH=CH2
C. CH3COOCH=CHCH3 D. CH2=CHCH2COOCH3
Cu 34 : Trong phn t aminoaxit X c mt nhm amino v mt nhm cacboxyl. Cho 15,0 gam X tc dng va vi
dung dch NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 19,4 gam mui khan. Cng thc ca X l
A. H2NC4H8COOH B. H2NC3H6COOH C. H2NC2H4COOH D. H2NCH2COOH
Cu 35 : Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C4H6O4 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (un nng) theo phng trnh
phn ng : C4H6O4 + 2NaOH 2 Z + Y
180
oxi ho ht a mol Y th cn va 2a mol CuO (un nng), sau phn ng to thnh a mol cht T (bit Y, Z, T l cc
hp cht hu c). Khi lng phn t ca T l
A. 118 vC B. 44 vC C. 82 vC D. 58 vC
Cu 36 : Cho phn ng ho hc : Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu
Trong phn ng trn xy ra
A. s oxi ho Fe v s kh Cu
2+
B. s oxi ho Fe v s oxi ho Cu
C. s kh Fe
2+
v s oxi ho Cu D. s kh Fe2+ v s kh Cu
2+

Cu 37 : Kim loi M phn ng c vi : dung dch HCl, dung dch Cu(NO3)2, dung dch HNO3 (c, ngui). Kim loi
M l
A. Fe B. Al C. Ag D. Zn
Cu 38 : t chy hon ton 20,0 ml hn hp X gm C3H6 , CH4, CO (th tch CO gp hai ln th tch CH4), thu c
24,0 ml CO2 (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit v p sut). T khi ca X so vi kh hiro l:
A. 25,8 B. 12,9 C. 22,2 D. 11,1
Cu 39: Cho dy cc cht : glucoz, xenluloz, saccaroz, tinh bt, mantoz. S cht trong dy tham gia phn ng trng
gng l
A. 5 B. 4 C. 2 D. 3
Cu 40 : Cho 5,9 gam amin n chc X tc dng vi vi dung dch HCl, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c
dung dch Y. Lm bay hi dung dch Y c 9,55 gam mui khan. S cng thc cu to ng vi cng thc phn t X l
A. 5 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 41 : t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu c 0,3 mol
CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng
thc phn t ca X , Y l
A. C3H6O, C4H8O B. C2H6O, C3H8O C. C2H6O2, C3H8O2 D. C2H6O, CH4O
Cu 42 : t chy hon ton mt anehit X, thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. Nu cho X tc dng vi lng d
Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 , sinh ra s mol Ag gp bn ln s mol X phn ng. Cng thc ca X l
A. HCHO B. (CHO)2 C. CH3CHO D. C2H5CHO
Cu 43 : Cho dy cc cht : phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat, etanol. S cht trong dy phn ng c
vi NaOH (trong dung dch) l
A. 4 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2
Cu 44 : Cho dy cc cht : HCHO, CH2COOH, CH3COOC2H5, HCOOH, C2H5OH, HCOOCH3. S cht trong dy tham
gia phn ng trng gng l
A. 6 B. 4 C. 5 D. 3
PHN T CHN: Th sinh ch c chn lm 1 trong 2 phn (Phn I hoc Phn II).
Cu 45 : Hai kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l
A. Na v Fe B. Mg v Zn C. Al v Mg D. Cu v Ag
181
Cu 46 : Cho s chuyn ho sau (mi mi tn l mt phng trnh phn ng) :
Tinh bt X Y Z metyl axetat. Cc cht Y, Z trong s trn ln lt l :
A. CH3COOH, CH3OH B. C2H4, CH3COOH
C. C2H5OH, CH3COOH D. CH3COOH, C2H5OH
Cu 47: t nng mt hn hp gm Al v 16 gam Fe2O3 (trong iu kin khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X tc dng va vi V ml dung dch NaOH 1M sinh ra 3,36 lt H2 ( ktc).
Gi tr ca V l :
A. 300 B. 100 C. 200 D. 150
Cu 48 : t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X thu c 0,11 mol CO2 v 0,132 mol H2O. Khi X tc dng vi kh clo
(theo t l s mol 1:1) thu c mt sn phm hu c duy nht. Tn gi ca X l
A. 2Metylbutan B. 2Metylpropan C. 2,2imetylpropan D. etan
Cu 49 : Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l
A. Fe + dung dch FeCl3 B. Fe + dung dch HCl
C. Cu + dung dch FeCl3 D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2
Cu 50 : Cho dy cc cht : C6H5OH (phenol), C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2NH2. S
cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l
A. 5 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Phn II. Theo chng trnh phn ban (6 cu, t cu 51 n cu 56)
Cu 51 : Cho bit phn ng oxi ho kh trong pin in ho Fe Cu l
Fe + Cu
2+
Fe
2+
+ Cu ; E
0
(Fe
2+
/Fe) = 0,44 V, E
0
(Cu
2+
/Cu) = + 0,34V
Sut in ng chun ca pin in ho Fe Cu l
A. 0,92 V B. 0,10 V C. 0,78 V D. 1,66 V
Cu 52 : Cho 13,5 gam hn hp cc kim loi Al, Cr, Fe tc dng vi lng d dung dch H2SO4 long nng (trong iu
kin khng c khng kh), thu c dung dch X v 7,84 lt kh H2 ( ktc). C cn dung dch X (trong iu kin khng
c khng kh) c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 48,8 B. 42,6 C. 47,1 D. 45,5
Cu 53 : Hai kim loi X, Y v cc dung dch mui clorua ca chng c cc phn ng ho hc sau : X + 2YCl3
XCl2 + 2YCl2 ; Y + XCl2 YCl2 + X
Pht biu ng l :
A. Ion Y
2+
c tnh oxi ho mnh hn ion X
2+
B. Kim loi X kh c ion Y
2+

C. Ion Y
3+
c tnh oxi ho mnh hn ion X
2+
D. Kim loi X c tnh kh mnh hn kim loi Y
Cu 54 : Hng s cn bng ca phn ng xc nh ch ph thuc vo
A. cht xc tc B. nhit C. nng D. p sut
Cu 55 : Cho dy cc cht : Cr(OH)3, Al2(SO4)3, Mg(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, MgO, CrO3. S cht trong dy c tnh cht lng
tnh l
A. 2 B. 4 C. 5 D. 3
182
Cu 56 :Oxi ho ancol n chc X bng CuO (un nng), sinh ra mt sn phm hu c duy nht l xeton Y (t khi hi ca
Y so vi kh hiro bng 29). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3CHOHCH3 B. CH3CH2CH2OH
C. CH3CH2CHOHCH3 D. CH3COCH3
----------------------------------------------------- HT ----------

M thi 748
1 A 11 C 21 D 31 D 41 A 51 D
2 B 12 D 22 A 32 C 42 A 52 C
3 B 13 C 23 C 33 B 43 B 53 B
4 B 14 B 24 A 34 A 44 B 54 C
5 D 15 B 25 C 35 D 45 C 55 D
6 C 16 C 26 D 36 B 46 C 56 A
7 C 17 D 27 C 37 C 47 A
8 B 18 B 28 A 38 A 48 D
9 B 19 A 29 A 39 D 49 D
10 A 20 A 30 D 40 B 50 D
183
M thi 629
1 B 11 B 21 A 31 C 41 C 51 B
2 A 12 B 22 B 32 B 42 B 52 C
3 C 13 C 23 A 33 B 43 A 53 C
4 A 14 D 24 D 34 A 44 A 54 D
5 B 15 A 25 A 35 D 45 B 55 D
6 D 16 D 26 A 36 D 46 C 56 A
7 C 17 A 27 D 37 A 47 D
8 C 18 B 28 C 38 D 48 A
9 D 19 B 29 D 39 C 49 B
10 C 20 C 30 C 40 B 50 D
M thi 439
1 A 11 C 21 D 31 A 41 B 51 C
2 C 12 C 22 C 32 D 42 B 52 A
3 A 13 D 23 C 33 A 43 B 53 B
4 C 14 D 24 A 34 B 44 A 54 B
5 A 15 C 25 D 35 B 45 D 55 D
6 D 16 A 26 D 36 C 46 C 56 A
7 B 17 D 27 A 37 B 47 A
8 B 18 A 28 D 38 C 48 D
9 D 19 A 29 C 39 C 49 D
10 B 20 C 30 B 40 B 50 B
M thi 329
1 B 11 B 21 D 31 B 41 A 51 C
2 D 12 A 22 D 32 D 42 C 52 B
3 D 13 B 23 C 33 D 43 D 53 A
4 C 14 C 24 A 34 A 44 C 54 A
5 D 15 B 25 C 35 C 45 A 55 A
6 C 16 B 26 B 36 D 46 C 56 B
7 C 17 A 27 A 37 D 47 A
8 A 18 A 28 A 38 C 48 B
9 C 19 D 29 B 39 B 49 B
10 D 20 C 30 D 40 B 50 D

M thi 195
1 D 11 B 21 C 31 C 41 B 51 C
2 C 12 A 22 A 32 D 42 A 52 B
3 A 13 B 23 D 33 B 43 C 53 D
184
4 C 14 D 24 A 34 A 44 B 54 C
5 D 15 B 25 D 35 D 45 D 55 B
6 A 16 B 26 C 36 C 46 C 56 A
7 A 17 A 27 C 37 C 47 A
8 B 18 B 28 D 38 C 48 A
9 B 19 D 29 B 39 A 49 C
10 D 20 D 30 A 40 D 50 B
Mn thi: HO HC, Khi A, B
M thi 420
1 A 11 D 21 B 31 D 41 B 51 C
2 C 12 B 22 B 32 A 42 A 52 C
3 D 13 C 23 B 33 B 43 D 53 C
4 D 14 A 24 A 34 D 44 D 54 B
5 C 15 A 25 C 35 D 45 D 55 A
6 B 16 A 26 D 36 A 46 C 56 A
7 B 17 B 27 B 37 D 47 A
8 A 18 C 28 C 38 B 48 C
9 A 19 D 29 B 39 C 49 D
10 A 20 B 30 C 40 D 50 C
185

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CHNG 1.

CH3COCH3 + 2NaCl + H2O

CH3COONa + 3NaCl + 2H2O

tnh hiu sut theo ancol

nancol phn ng = neste = 0,14

C3H6O2 v C4H8O2 p n A hoc B

C3H2O4 hoc C5H10O2

cng thc mui l:

-fructoz C. -glucoz D. -fructoz

Khi lng HNO3 l m =

Cng thc cacbohirat l C12H22O11. M X c phn ng trng bc

Hiu sut phn ng tnh theo (CH3CO)2O l

Th tch dung dch HNO3 l V =

- amino axit A. T khi hi ca X so vi H2 l 51,5. Amino axit

-glutamicC. Alanin D. Anilin

-amino axit c 1 nhm NH2 v 1

-amino axit D. NH3, CO2, H2O

- amino axit X thu c 2a mol CO2 v 0,5a mol N2 th kt lun no sau

nNH2-CH2-COOH [ NH-CH2-CO ]n + nH2O

gi s este c dng R1OOC-CH2-CH2-CH-COOR2

Tng s mol amin l 0,8

3.80. X phi c nhm NO2 gn vi C mch thng p n A

- aminocaproic D. Xenluloz trinitrat

Th tch kh thin nhin l V= 3,584

+ vi n=3 M=27 (Al)

NaOH d vy sn phm l Na2CO3 v NaOH p n D

2%C v mt lng rt t Si, Mn, Cr, Ni,... l

FeCl2 + H2 FeS + 2HCl

2H2O 2H2S + 3O2

Bo ton Nguyn t nit ta c

. Phi dng dung dch cht no sau y loi b

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