TM HIU NGUYN TC HAT NG CA RECLOSER

The W-Series single phase, pole mounted auto recloser or circuit breaker was developed to achieve optimum performance and reliability, making use of the latest technology in solid dielectrics, vacuum interruption, and microelectronics. This device does not use any gas or oil insulants. Instead, a cyclo-aliphatic epoxy bushing is used to insulate the vacuum interrupter. This type of construction results in a more lightweight unit. The design has been optimised for automation, remote control, and monitoring applications, and has built in current and voltage measurement for data logging. The W series recloser is ideal for Single Wire Earth Return (SWER) applications. The W series is rated up to 24kV, rated load current 400A and rated interrupting current 6kA.
W-Series giai on, cc gn kt t ng recloser hoc mch my ct c pht trin t c hiu sut ti u v tin cy, s dng cc cng ngh mi nht trong cht in mi rn, chn khng gin on, v vi in t. Thit b ny khng s dng bt k kh hoc du insulants. Thay vo , mt ng lt xch l bo epoxy c s dng ngn cch cc b ngt chn khng. y l loi kt qu xy dng trong mt nh hn n v. Thit k c ti u ha cho t ng ha, iu khin t xa, v cc ng dng theo di, v xy dng trong hin ti v in p o lng i vi d liu khai thc g. W lot recloser l l tng cho Wire cc ng dng n tr li tri t (SWER). Series W c nh gi cao nht ln n 24kV, 400A ti nh gi v nh gi gin on 6kA hin ti. LBS v Recloser u l cc thit b ng ct. n c im chung l u ng ct c khi c ti (LBS ch ct c vi dng ti nht nh nh hn nhiu ln so vi Recloser). V trong vn hnh th LBS bo dng, sa cha em i lp t th thun li hn. Vi quy m nh (nh 1 cp in cho 1 khu vc khng quan trng, t ph ti) th nn lp LBS hn v hiu qu kinh t n mang li l u t t. Cn ngc li Recloser lp t phc tp hn, yu cu k thut cao hn, ngi vn hnh cng phi c trnh chuyn mn nht nh, khi lp Recloser v nguyn tc th vn cn phi kt hp cu dao thng . Tuy nhin LBS khng th so snh c vi Recloser v bn cht Recloser l mt my ct c chc nng t ng li nn ngoi kh nng loi tr on ng dy pha sau n khi s c, vi s c thong qua n s t ng li cp in tr li gim thi gian gin on cp in. Recloser thng lp trn (cho) ng dy, cn LBS c th lp trn ng dy c th lp trm bin p, phn phi

Recloser l mt thit b ng ct t ng hot ng tin cy v kinh t dng cho li phn phi n cp in p 38KV. Kt cu gn nh, d lp t, vn hnh. i vi li phn phi Recloser l thit b hp b gm cc b phn sau: + Bo v qu dng + T ng li (TL) + Thit b ng ct + iu khin bng tay V tr t: Recloser c th t bt k ni no trn h thng m thng s nh mc ca n tha mn cc i hi ca h thng. Nhng v tr hp l c th l: - t ti trm nh thit b bo v chnh ca h thng - t trn ng dy trc chnh nhng cch xa trm phn on cc ng dy di, nh vy ngn chn s nh hng n ton b h thng khi c s c cch xa ngun. - t trn cc nhnh r ca ng dy trc chnh nhm bo v ng dy trc chnh khi b nh hng do cc s c trn nhnh r.

C 5 yu t chnh phi c xt n p dng chnh xc cc loi recloser mch iu khin t ng: - in p nh mc ca Recloser phi ln hn hoc bng in p ca h thng. - Dng in s c ln nht c th xy ra ti v tr t Recloser: dng in ny c th tnh c. nh mc ct ca Recloser phi bng hoc ln hn dng s c ln nht c th c ca h thng. - Dng in ph ti cc i: l dng nh mc cc i ca Recloser phi ln hn hoc bng dng ti cc i c lng trc ca h thng. i vi Recloser iu khin bng in t, dng ct cc tiu c chn c lp vi dng nh mc lu di cc i ca Recloser, mc d n thng khng qu 2 ln ga tr (gi tr dng ct t nht l gp 2 ln dng ph ti nh). - Dng s c nh nht trong vng c bo v bi Recloser: c th xy ra cui on ng dy c bo v phi c kim tra xem Recloser c th cm nhn c ct dng hay khng. - Phi hp cc thit b bo v khc trn c pha ngun v pha ti ca Recloser: Vic phi hp trn cc thit b lp t pha trc v sau recloser rt quan trng khi 4 thng s u tin c tho mn. Vic la chn thi gian tr thch hp v th t hot ng chnh xc rt quan trng vi bt k vic ct tc thi v mt in do s c s c hn ch n phn nh nht c th ca ng dy. - Thng thng Bo v qu dng (BVQD) s lm vic ct My ct (MC) vi c tnh thi gian cp I. - Sau khi TL tc ng ng li MC, BVQD s c chuyn sang ch sn sng hot ng vi c tnh thi gian cp II chm hn. - S ln TL c th lp trnh t ( 0-3 ) ln, iu ny tng ng vi s ln ca bo v qu dng lm vic ct MC t ( 1-4 ) ln. - T iu khin cho php lp trnh thay i s ln tc ng BVQD sau khi TL cng nh s ln TL trc khi kha v ct hn MC l ty . 1/. S Khi

2/. Mc Tiu Gip cho cng nhn, ngi trc tip vn hnh c c khi nim, cng dng ca Recloser Lm quen vi cc thit b m bo, gim st cht lng in. Lm quen vi thit b k thut cao, trao i thng tin t xa (Scada), C tc phong lm vic khi giao tip vi thit b dng lp trnh my tnh.

GII THIU CHUNG RECLOSER Ngy nay trong thi k cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc, vic cung cp in ang i hi n cht lng in nng. Vic cung cp in lin tc cho cc h tiu th ngy cng tr nn bc bch, do nhng yu cu trn, i hi nh cung cp in phi khng ngng tm nhng phng php ti u nht gim thiu nhng sai st, hay khc phc s c trn li in nhanh nht. gim thi gian ngng cung cp in cho khch hng, hay trong ngnh in cn gi lm gim thiu sut s c. Di y P.KH-KT xin gii thiu mt loi thit b c kh nng gim thp nht cc trng hp khi xy ra s c thong qua lm mt in cho cc h tiu th.

RECLOSER hay cn gi l my ct t ng ng li. Vi thit b t ng ng li (Recloser) ta c th gim ti mc ti thiu cc s c thong qua tng ng vi gim s ln mt in khng ng c ca ng dy. Thit b ng li c s dng t lu vi cc mch iu khin phc tp v cc chc nng kim sot hn ch s c. Ngy nay vi s tin b ca k thut vi in t cng vi cc b vi x l c kh nng tch hp cao cc nh ch to cho ra cc sn phm trn b c nhiu chc nng hp l tin dng gi thnh thp phc v cho li in trn khng khi c nhiu s c thong qua nh nc ta. Ngoi ra thit b trn cn cho php cc nh k thut theo di mt cch tin cy nht cc tnh trng tc ng ca thit b, tnh trng hot ng ca ph ti trong mt khong thi gian ln, nh vo b phn lu tr d liu s c, tin cy m bo thng tin khng b mt i khi xy ra bt c trng hp no. B Recloser c hot ng theo nguyn tc nh sau: Khi ng dy ang ti bnh thng, trong khong cho php ca dng in lm vic i vi cc thit b, RC khng c bt k mt tc ng no, cc tip im ca RC lin mch (CLOSE), t nhin c dng s c i qua ng dy cc tip im ca RC s h mch (RC s TRIP). Nu l s c thong qua gi s nh c s va chm dy pha vi t (do cy va vo, rn b,) khi b cp in h quang ti ni s c coi nh b dp tt, sau thi gian cp in ng dy tr li bnh thng dng vt l, theo quy nh, ng dy s c cung cp in tr li, nu dng in trn ng dy khng b vt qu mc cho php, h tiu th in s c cung cp in lin tc tr li, nu s c vn tip tc duy tr RC. S ct (TRIP) tip tc , sau s ln ng li (theo lp trnh) m vn khng phc hi c s c RC s ct vnh vin (look out) ch ngi sa cha n kim tra phc hi s c. RC v nguyn tc hot ng tng t nh b LBS, nhng im c bit ca RC l: tc hot ng ca tip im phi nhanh, ct c dng s c ln, c s ln thao tc cao Xin gii thiu thit b ca hng cooper (USA) p dng cho li in trung th c cp in p t 35 kV tr xung. C nhiu loi RC khc nhau nh loi 1, 3 vi cc loi dng in lm vic bnh thng khc nhau, vi cc kiu t iu khin khc nhau.

im chung ca t iu khin v Recloser u c th lp thay th cho nhau, trong t iu khin c b cquy dng bo v d liu khng b mt Bi vit trnh by v cch phi hp cu chy pha s cp my bin p vi my ct t ng ng lp li (recloser) mch in th cp, v d nh cc trm bin p in lc.

Phi hp cu chy pha ngun/recloser pha ph ti Chng ta s s dng phng php phi hp c d (conservative), theo b qua hiu ng lm mt cu chy trong khong thi gian recloser ng lp li (cc tip im m). Cc recloser pht hin, ct qu dng in, v sau t ng ng lp li ng in l cung cp. Phn ln cc s c h thng ng dy phn phi trn khng (c th l 75 ti 80%) u mang tnh cht tm thi, v ch ko di trong khong vi chu k cho ti vi giy. Vi kh nng tc ng v ng lp li ca recloser, c th loi tr vic ct in lu di h thng cung cp do cc s c tm thi ny. Tuy nhin, nu nh s c l vnh cu m khng phi l tm thi, recloser s kho mch sau mt s ln ng lp li khng thnh cng (thng l ba hoc bn ln), v nh cch ly l cung cp c s c ra khi h thng. My ct t ng ng lp li (recloser) c hai kh nng t thi gian phi hp vi cc thit b bo v khc v gii hn khu vc chu nh hng ca s c vnh cu. Thng th thao tc gii tr s c u tin (i khi l hai thao tc gii tr s c u tin) c thc hin theo c tnh t thi gian nhanh, do tm thi gii tr cc s c tm thi trc khi cc thit b bo v pha ph ti tc ng. Cc thao tc sau c thc hin vi thi gian tr nh sn cho php cc thit b bo v gn s c hn ct dng cc s c vnh cu, nh hn ch phm vi ngng cung cp in. Cch b tr ny nhiu khi c gi l s tit kim cu chy bi v cu chy ch phn ng vi cc s c vnh cu trong phm vi n bo v. Trong ng dng cp trong bi bo ny, cu chy pha s cp my bin p c t pha ngun ca recloser. Mc tiu ra l cu chy khng t trc khi recloser tc ng kho mch phn ng vi s c vnh cu. Gi tr dng in s c ln nht m cu chy v recloser s phi

hp thng l gi tr nh hn trong cc gi tr sau: 1. Kh nng ct ln nht ca recloser hoc cu chy, hoc 2. Giao im ca ng cong chy thp nht ca cu chy vi ng cong tc ng tng ng ln nht ca recloser (tc l ng cong kho mch). Theo phng php phi hp c d, b qua vic lm mt cu chy trong khong thi gian ng lp li (cc tip im m). Bn ch cn tnh tng hiu ng nhit, tc l nhit u vo ca mi tc ng ca recloser. Nh vy, ng cong kho mch c xy dng bng cch ly tng cc thi gian gii tr tng theo s lng thch hp cc thao tc nhanh v chm, cc mc dng khc nhau, theo cng thc sau: Trong : TI l im trn ng cong kho mch tng ng ln nht (maximum equivalent lockout curve) ca recloser, ti dng in chn (I). P l lng rt ngn thi gian chy ca cu chy do mang ti ban u (preloading), c th hin bi phn thp phn ca tng thi gian chy ca cu chy. TRj l thi gian gii tr ln nht ti dng in I i vi ln tc ng th j (cc tip im ng) ca recloser. n l s ln tc ng (cc tip im ng) ca recloser. Bi v cu chy phi cho php recloser tc ng kho mch m khng b t nn cn xy dng ng cong kho mch tng ng ln nht ca recloser. Cc ng cong nhanh (A) ca recloser ni chung c cng b cho cc im th nghim ln nht. Tuy nhin cc ng cong chm (B, C v D) li c cng b cho cc im th nghim danh nh v do vy phi c hiu chnh (theo gi tr ln nht) mt lng dung sai dng, m theo gi nh l 10%. V d Xt trng hp trong trm bin p trung gian nng thn ch c mt my bin p, c bo v bng cu chy, vi ba (hoc t hn) recloser l cung cp. Thng s danh nh ca cu chy pha s cp, my bin p, v recloser pha ph ti l nh sau: My bin p. My bin p ba pha, cng sut c s (OA - lm mt bng khng kh i lu t nhin) l 7.500 kVA, in p s cp l 115 kV, in p th cp l 13,2 kV. Cng sut khi lm mt bng khng kh cng bc (FA) l 9.375 kVA (125%). in khng ngn mch ca my bin p l 7,5%. Dng in s c ba pha ln nht pha th cp l 478 A (2.000 MVA), khi nhn t pha s cp my bin p. T u dy ca my bin p l tam gic/ sao ni t. Cu chy. Cu chy pha s cp l cu chy 65 A, tc tiu chun, in p 115 kV, kiu SMD2B ca hng S&C. Dng in y ti ca my bin p, tnh theo ch lm mt cng bc l 47 A. mc ti ny ca my bin p, mc chu ti ca cu chy l 72% (47/65 = 0,72). H s iu chnh mang ti trc (preload adjustment factor), xc nh theo S&C Data Bulletin 210-195 l 0,88. Recloser ca l cung cp. Recloser pha ph ti l recloser Cooper kiu W iu khin bng thu lc, in p danh nh l 14,4 kV, dng in lin tc danh nh l 560 A. Dng th cm tc ng

pha l 280 A (cun dy 140 A), trnh t tc ng l mt tc ng nhanh (A) v ba tc ng chm (C). Khong cch thi gian ng lp li gia tc ng nhanh v tc ng tr u tin l 0,5 s (tc thi). Gia cc ln tc ng tr, khong cch thi gian ng lp li l 5 s. Bi tp v phi hp, s dng phn mm Coordinaide lm bi tp v phi hp, chy chng trnh Coordinaide bng cch nhn chut vo lin kt (link) trn trang ca website S&C bn ang xem. Trn trang ch c lin kt Coordinaide. C th tm thy cc lin kt b sung menu th xung t nhn (label) Support cng nh cc trang sn phm p dng, v d Cu chy S&C kiu SMD. Cc lin kt kiu tab ny nm pha bn tri trang, ngay bn di nhn For more Information v bn trn phm tab TCCs for product (c tnh thi gian-dng in ca sn phm). Chn cu chy pha s cp, my bin p, v recloser pha ph ti, da theo cc hng dn di y. Bc 1. Nhp cc thng tin chung Tn d n: Bi tp v phi hp cu chy/recloser Ngy thng: [Do Coordinaide cung cp] Do: Tu chn Bc 2. Nhp thng tin v h thng v chn thit b in p ba pha, kV: 115 Dng ngn mch k vng, ampe hiu dng i xng: 10.000 Thit b s 1: Cu chy Thit b s 2: My bin p (ng cong h hi) Thit b s 3: Recloser Nhn Continue sau khi nhp thng tin v chn thit b. Bn s tr v trang thit b u tin. Bc 3. Chn v nhp tham s thit b Thit b s 1. Cu chy pha s cp my bin p (Chn cc tham s) Hng ch to: S&C Kiu: SMD-2B Tc : Tiu chun Di in p, kV: 115-138 Dng in danh nh, A: 65 Sau khi chn cc tham s ca thit b s 1, nhn Continue. Mn hnh s hin th ng c tnh thi gian-dng in ca thit b s 1. Thit b s 2. My bin p (Chn cc tham s) in p s cp 3 pha, kV: 115 [do Coordinaide cung cp] in p th cp 3 pha, kV: 13,2 Dung lng 3 pha, kVA: 7.500 Tr khng ngn mch, %: 7,5 Dng in s c, A hiu dng i xng: 10.000 [do Coordinaide cung cp] Hin th cc im t ho? _C _Khng (ngm nh) T u dy: Tam gic/Sao ni t Sau khi chn cc tham s ca thit b s 2, nhn Continue. Mn hnh s hin th ng c tnh thi gian-dng in ca thit b s 2. Thit b s 3. Recloser l cung cp in (Chn cc tham s) Phi hp vi: _Thit b pha ngun _Thit b pha ph ti. Xem Ch thch 1

Phng php phi hp: _H s lm mt _C d (mc nh). Xem Ch thch 2 Hng ch to: Cooper (Mc Graw): Thu lc Kiu: W Di in p, kV: 14,4 [do Coordinaide cung cp] Trnh t tc ng ct pha: 1 Nhanh / 3 Chm ng cong Nhanh: A ng cong Chm: C Dng in danh nh ca cun dy, A: 140 Trnh t tc ng ct ni t: B qua trong v d ny Ch thch 1: Recloser t pha ph ti ca cu chy pha s cp, do vy chn Phi hp vi thit b pha ngun (mc nh trong v d ny) Ch thch 2: Chn Phng php c d b qua hiu ng lm mt cu chy pha s cp trong khong thi gian gia cc ln recloser ng lp li (tip im m). Ban rt nn lp li v d ny bng cch s dng phng php chnh xc hn, c tnh n h s lm mt, v sau so snh cc kt qu. Sau khi chn cc tham s ca thit b s 3, nhn Continue. Mn hnh s hin th ng c tnh thi gian-dng in ca thit b s 3. Bc 4. Chuyn sang trang Kt qu Nhn vo tab bn trn ghi nhn Kt qu. Bn s c h to loga-loga vi cc ng cong c tnh thi gian-dng in (time-current characteristic TCC) ca cc thit b bn chn. Nu mun, bn c th thay i thang dng in trn th, t ch mc nh l 5 n 100.000 A sang 0,5 n 10.000 A. Bn cng c th b phn gch cho trn cc ng cong TCC c th r hn. V bn cng c th zoom (phng i) mt phn c th no ca th bng cch nhp cc gi tr dng in trn v dng in di v thi gian vo cc thch hp. Nu mun xem ng cong TCC kch thc y hoc thng tin tm tt y , th tu trng hp, bn cn nhn vo Printer Friendly Graph hoc Printer Friendly Summary. By gi, chng ta hy xem li ng cong TCC trong v d v phi hp nu trn. Thit b s 1, cu chy pha s cp 65 A, tc tiu chun, ng cong mu . Thit b s 2, ng cong h hi my bin p, ng cong mu en. Thit b s 3, recloser pha ph ti, ng cong mu da cam. Hai ng cong mu da cam m hn l ng cong Nhanh (A) v ng cong Chm (C) ca recloser, da trn cc d liu do hng ch to recloser cng b. ng cong mu da cam mnh l ng cong kho dng tng ng ln nht ca recloser, phn nh dung sai v pha dng. Cu chy 65 A tc tiu chun bo v rt tt my bin p nh c th thy thc t l ng cong gii tr hon ton ca cu chy ct ng cong h hi my bin p cc mc dng nh hn cc gi tr ln nht c c t loi dng c bt k. Cu chy ny, theo cng b, c kh nng chu ti nh l 107 A, iu c ngha l my bin p c th mang ti mc gn ti 280% gi tr ghi trn nhn my, vt xa cc gi tr danh nh theo cc ch lm mt OA/FA (125% gi tr ghi trn nhn my). ng tic l cu chy pha s cp ny khng phi hp tt vi ng cong kho dng tng ng ln nht ca recloser, bi v thi gian chy nh nht ca cu chy dng in 478 A (0,42 s) li nh hn so vi ng cong kho dng tng ng ln nht ca recloser mc dng ny (0,69 s). Lu rng cc ng cong ca recloser pha th cp c dch chuyn v bn phi

mt khong bng 15% gi tr dng in, tnh n s khng cn bng gia dng in pha s cp v pha th cp, iu ny c th s xy ra khi c ngn mch pha-pha pha th cp khng ni t. Khi gp tnh hung ny, phn ng t nhin l chn cu chy pha s cp c dng in ln hn mt bc, cu chy c c tnh thi gian-dng in chm hn, hoc c i cho n khi t c s phi hp. Mc du gii php ny c th a n mt s phi hp trn vn gia cu chy v recloser, tuy nhin li nh hng n vic bo v my bin p, v kt qu cha phi l ti u. Trc khi la chn cu chy ln hn hoc cu chy c c tnh thi gian-dng in chm hn, hy lp li bi tp ny bng cch s dng phng php chnh xc hn: phng php c tnh n h s lm mt. Bn s thy rng cu chy pha s cp ban u chn l ph hp hon ton. Mc tiu ca phng th nghim Cung Cp in: Phng th nghim Cung Cp in l ni phc v cc Em sinh vin hc tp chuyn ngnh v Cung Cp in. Sinh vin c lm quen vi m hnh my pht in v cc mch ng b ho, thit b truyn ti v phn phi in nng, b thit b bo v h thng in nng, b thit b s dng nng lng. Qua vic lp m hnh v m phng cc h thng nu trn, sinh vin hiu r, cu to, tnh nng v c tnh tng thnh phn, thc hin cc nhim v thu thp v phn tch d liu nhm ra phng thc vn hnh h thng cung cp in mt cch hp l. Sinh vin nm cc kin thc c bn v cu to, tnh nng v c tnh cc phn t trong h thng cung cp in, thc hin cc thao tc vn hnh h thng, o ghi v phn tch d liu qua cng c thm kin thc v h thng cung cp in. Bi 1: My pht i n ng b v cc m ch ng b ho. Bi thc tp ny s dng mt my pht in ng b vi rotor cc li, kin thc thu nhn c l s bin i nng lng c thnh nng lng in. Nng lung c c cung cp bng mt ng c in mt chiu, vi momen quay c o lng. Tin trnh ng b ho vi mch in chnh c thc hin th cng hay t ng, s dng thit b ng b ho. Cng sut tc dng v h s cng sut ca my pht in, c ng b ho vi h thng chnh, c th c iu khin bng cch s dng panen hun luyn tng ng. Panen ny c s dng m phng trng thi vn hnh ca mt trm in. Bi 2: Thi t b truy n t i v phn ph i i n nng. Bi thc tp ny s dng m hnh mt h thng truyn ti in y .T my bin p c cng tc chuyn nc n cc my ct cng sut v m hnh ng dy truyn ti in cao p cho n tng tr xung cui ng dy. Cc phng n nghin cu khc nhau c th thay i trn h thng truyn ti ny:khng ti, vn hnh vi ti t nhin, ngn mch i xng v khng i xng, b ni tip v song song ca ng dy truyn ti, cng nh ch ni trung tnh. Do kh nng kt ni ni tip hay song song m hnh ng dy truyn ti 380kV, mc phc tp ca h thng truyn ti cng

tng ln tng ng. Cc iu kin ng ngt v kh nng ct ca cc my ct cng sut c nghin cu trn h thng hai thanh gp c tch hp thit b ng ct. Thm vo , b thit b ny phi minh ho c ti c chuyn t ngun ny sang ngun khc ra sao, m khng c gin on cng sut trong qu trnh ny. Bi 3: B thi t b b o v h th ng i n nng. Bi thc tp ny s dng m hnh thit b bo v h thng in nng nhm minh ho ch vn hnh ca cc mch bo v khc nhau, khi s dng cc r le bo v cng nghip. Ngoi ra, vic gii thch cc thut ng, kt ni cc r le thch hp vi cc my bin p v o cc nhu cu v nng lng vn c ca r le, iu kin vn hnh v thi gian kch cng c xem xt. Cc c tuyn ca my bin dng, my bin p v k thut bo v c chn lc c nghin cu trong trng hp c nhiu mt hn m hnh ng dy truyn ti. Cc r le bo v c s dng phi ging loi hin c trong thc t ti cc cng ty in lc. iu ny m bo vic hun luyn gn lin vi thc t mc c th. Bi 4: B thi t b s d ng nng l ng. Trong bi thc tp ny ng c ba pha khng ng rotor lngsc c s dng nh l h tiu th in tr-cm khng. Ti tiu th bi h ph ti ny s c kho st chi tit. Vic b cng sut phn khng nhm mc ch gim ti trn ng dy chnh. Thit b b t ng cng sut phn khng c th c lp t t b iu khin cng sut phn khng. B iu khin ny iu khin vic ng ct cc dn t b. Hn na, b thit b ny c th cung cp cc s o mc tiu th cng sut bng cch s dng cc my o cng sut tc dng, cng sut phn khng v mc tiu th cc i. y, cng s dng cc thit b tiu chun, c trn th trng. Phng th nghim cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc thc t v: 1. Thit b ng ct trn li: My ct t ng li (Recloser): Phn ln s c trong h thng phn phi in l s c thong qua. Chnh v vy, tng cng lin tc cung cp in cho ph ti, thay v s dng my ct ngi ta s dng my ct thng ng li (Recloser). Thc cht my ct t ng li l my ct c km thm b iu khin cho php ngi ta lp trnh s ln ng ct lp i lp li theo yu cu t trc. ng thi o v lu tr 1 s i lng cn thit nh : U, I, P, thi im xut hin ngn mch. . . Khi xut hin ngn mch Recloser m ra (ct mch) sau 1 thi gian t1 n s t ng mch. Nu s c cn tn ti n s ct mch, sau thi gian t2 Recloser s t ng li mch. V nu s c vn cn tn ti n s li ct mch v sau thi gian t3 n s t

ng li mch 1 ln na v nu s c vn cn tn ti th ln ny Recloser s ct mch lun. S ln v thi gian ng ct do ngi s dng lp trnh. Recloser thng c trang b cho nhng ng trc chnh cng sut ln v ng dy di t tin.

Recloser b tr trn ct My ct ph ti LBS (Load Break Switch) My ct ph ti c cu to tng t nh Recloser nhng khng c cun ng, cun ct v b iu khin nn khng th iu khin t xa hoc kt hp vi bo v rle thc hin chc nng bo v. LBS c th ng m mch lc y ti. Vic ng m LBS thng c thc hin bng xo v ngay ti ni t LBS. thc hin chc nng bo v LBS phi s dng kt hp vi cu ch.

Hnh my ct ph ti LBS

Dao Cch Ly Distance Switch (DS): Dao cch ly (DS) l thit b c chc nng to khong h nhn thy c nhm tng cng n nh v tm l cho cng nhn sa cha ng dy v thit b. Dao cch ly ch c th ng ct dng khng ti. Dao cch ly thng c b tr trn ct. Trong li in cao p, dao cch ly t khi t ring r, m thng c kt hp vi cu ch v my ct in. Dao cch ly c ch to nhiu chng loi, kiu cch khc nhau, c dao cch ly ngoi tri, trong nh; dao cch ly mt, hai, ba tr s; dao cch ly li chm thng, quay ngang; dao cch ly mt cc (cu dao mt la), ba cc (cu dao lin ng). Dao cch ly thng c ng m bng tay thng qua c cu chuyn ng t trn ct.

LTD: LTD c cu to tng t nh dao cch ly nhng c t trn ng dy thay v trn ct nh DS. Vic thc hin ng m LTD c thc hin thng qua xo cch in.

FCO: FCO (Fuse Cut Out) thc cht l mt loi cu dao km cu ch dng bo v cc thit b trn li trung th khi qu ti v khi ngn mch. Tnh cht t ri ca n l

to mt khong h trng thy c, gip d dng kim tra s ng ct ca ng dy v to tm l an ton cho ngi vn hnh. FCO ch c th ng ct dng khng ti. Khi c qu ti hay ngn mch xy ra, dy ch chy ra v t, u trn ca cu ch t ng nh cht hm lm cho ng cu ch ri xung to ra khong cch ly ging nh m cu dao. V th cu ch t ri lm c hai chc nng ca cu ch v cu dao.

Cu ch t ri (Fuse Cut Out: FCO) LBFCO: LBFCO thc cht l FCO c trang b thm bung dp h quang v vy n c th ng ct dng ti nh.

Chng st Van (LA):(Lingtning Arrster) L 1 loi thit b dng bo v cc Trm Bin p, cc thit b quan trng trn li v u cc ng cp ngm trnh khi s c khi c qu in p cm ng do st nh, cng nh qu in p ni b, LA c t trc v song song vi thit b c bo v. Khi c qu in p, cc khe h s phng in v tr s ca in tr phi tuyn lc ny cng rt nh cho dng in i qua. Sau khi qu in p c a xung t th in p d t ln chng st van nh di mc nh lm in tr phi tuyn tr ln rt ln, ngn khng cho dng in i qua. Khi dng xoay chiu i qua tr s 0 th h quang s t ng b dp tt. Trong iu kin bnh thng, in p t ln chng st van l in p pha ca li in. Lc ny in tr phi tuyn c tr s rt ln hay ni cch khc l n cch in. Nhng khi xut hin qu in p th n s phng in trc thit b m n bo v, tr s in tr phi tuyn gim xung rt b v dn dng xung xung t. Khi tnh trng qu in p qua, chng st van tr v trng thi cch in nh lc ban u.

Cc loi chng st

Cc loi t b trung th

Cu to cc cun dy my bin p 3 pha

My bin p c di chuyn ti a im lp t

Cc phng php bo dng my pht in ti cng ty

Thc hnh u bin dng v bin p o lng trong h thng truyn ti

Cc loi bin p s dng trn h thng truyn ti in (TU)

B tr bin dng (TI) v bin p (TU) trong h thng cung cp in

Cc loi bin dng s dng trong trung v cao p

u ni cp ngm

Cc phng tin ct cp