TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP.

HCM KHOA CNG NGH HA HC MN HC PHNG PHP PHN TCH CNG NGHIP TI: XC NH M TNG V M AMONI TRONG PHN M

GVGD: Th.s Trn Nguyn An Sa SVTH: MSSV V Th Kiu Ty 09161981

Ni dung
1. Gii thiu v phn m 2. Xc nh m tng trong phn m 3. Xc nh m amoniac trong phn m

1. Gii thiu v phn m

1.1
1.2 1.3 3

Phn m Tc dng v dinh dng ca phn m Cc loi phn m

1.1 Phn m
Phn m l tn gi chung ca cc loi phn bn v c cung

cp m cho cy. Phn m cung cp nit ha hp cho cy

di dng ion nitrat (NO3-) v ion amoni (NH4+).

1.2 Tc dng v dinh dng ca phn m

Tc dng

Kch thch qu trnh sinh trng ca cy.

Lm tng t l protein thc vt. Cy pht trin, cho nhiu c hoc qu. dinh dng bng % Nit trong phn m.

1.3 Cc loi phn m

Cc loi iu ch Hm Loi t

phn m
Phn nitrat Axit HNO3 + mui cacbonat mui nitrat Phn amoni NH3 tc dng vi axit tng ng

lng Nit
33 35%

thch hp
t chua v mn

20 25%

t t chua hoc kh

chua
Phn ure CO2 + NH2 (NH2)CO + H2O 44 48% Nhiu loi t

2. Xc nh m tng trong phn m

2.1 Cc loi phn m khng c Nitrat. 2.2 Cc loi phn m c Nitrat. 2.3 Lu khi xc nh m tng trong phn m.

2.1Cc loi phn m khng c nitrat.

S dng phng php kejdahl i vi cc loi phn m khng c nitrat

2.1Cc loi phn m khng c nitrat.

2.1.1 Nguyn tc
Chuyn ton b nit trong mu v thnh NH4+ bng H2SO4
m c, xc tc CuSO4 + K2SO4. Phn gii NH4+ bng NaOH c trong thit b kjeldhal sinh ra NH3. NH3 c hp thu bng H2SO4 tiu chun hoc H3BO3. Hp thu NH3 bng H2SO4 H3BO3 Chun lng d axit bng NaOH H2SO4 hoc HCl ch th tashiro tashiro im tng ng dung dch chuyn t tm sang xanh lc. chuyn t mu xanh lc sang mu tm .

2.1Cc loi phn m khng c nitrat.

2.1.2 Quy trnh
22g hn hp xc tc

0,52g mu

Ph mu n khi dung dch trong bnh hon ton sng mu

30ml H2SO4

Sn phm sau khi nh m v thuc th

25ml H2SO4 3 git tashiro

Hm lng Nito tng

Tnh ton kt qu

Chun bng NaOH 0.1N

2.1Cc loi phn m khng c nitrat.

3.1.3 Cng thc
Trong :
%N

V1 V2 0,001401
m

100

V1: th tch dung dch NaOH 0,1N dng chun lng H2SO4 d (mu trng). V2 : th tch dung dch NaOH 0,1N dng chun lng H2SO4

d (mu tht).
m : khi lng mu th. 0,001401: khi lng nit ng vi 1ml dung dch H2SO4 0,1N.

2.2 Xc nh nit tng cho cc loi phn m c nitrat

2.2.1 Mt s phng php Kh NO3- n NH3 v xc nh NH3. C nhiu phng php kh

khc ph thuc mi trng kh v cht kh:

o Phng php Devarda: kh NO3-,NO2- n NH3; hn hp kh {50% Cu, 45% Al v 5% Zn}.

o Phng php Amda: mi trng kim yu; hn hp kh {Cu, Mg}.

o Phng php Ulsa: mi trng axit; hn hp kh {Fe + H2SO4 H2}. o c bit phng php kejdahl: s dng axit sulfosalicylic chuyn NO3- NO2.

2.2 Xc nh nit tng cho cc loi phn m c nitrat

2.2.2 Nguyn tc

Phng php kejdahl: S dng axit sulfosalicylic chuyn

NO3- NO2. Sau dng Na2S2O3 kh NO2 NH2. V c ha mu bng H2SO4 vi xc tc thch hp chuyn v dng amoni. NH3 to thnh hp thu bng H2SO4 hay H3BO3 tiu chun.

2.2 Xc nh nit tng cho cc loi phn m c nitrat

3.2.3 Quy trnh
20ml axit sulfosalicylic 10g Xc tc CuSO4 + K2SO4

0,5 2g mu

Cho mu vo bnh kejdahl

5g Na2S2O3 20ml H2SO4

Pha mu n khi mu c mu trong sut

Hm lng Nito tng Tnh ton kt qu

Sn phm sau khi nh m v thuc th

25ml H2SO4 3 git tashiro

Chun NaOH O,1N

2.2 Xc nh nit tng cho cc loi phn m c nitrat

2.2.4 Cng thc tnh
%(N NO3 )

Va N a Vk N k 0,001401 p 100
m

Va :th tch axit H2SO4 ly hp th NH3 (ml) Na :nng ca H2SO4 VK : th tch kim NaOH tiu tn chun

NK : Nng ca chun ca NaOH

m :khi lng mu (g) p : h s pha long

2.3 Lu khi xc nh m tng trong phn m bng phng php kejldahl

Qu trnh phn hy mu phi theo di thng xuyn, c bit giai on u, khng tro bn mu ra ngoi. Khng kh mu (lun lun d axit t nht 2ml, nu thiu

phi cho thm axit.

3. Xc nh m amoni trong phn m

3.1 Xc nh m amoni bng phng php foocmalin.

3.2 Xc nh m amoni bng phng php un si h.

3.1Xc nh m amoni bng phng php foocmalin. Nguyn tc

Trong mi trng trung tnh ,NH4+ phn ng vi folmaldehyde
to thnh hexamethylen tetra amin v axit v c 2(NH4)SO4 + 6HCHO (CH2 )6N4 + 2H2SO4 +6H20 Chun axit to thnh bng dung dch tiu chun NaOH 0.10.5N

H2S04 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O

3.1Xc nh m amoni bng phng php foocmalin. Quy trnh

5g mu Ha tan 250ml Ht 20ml

3ml H2SO4

un n khi CO2 ngng bay v kh SO3 xut hin. 2-3 git Metyl

5 git PP Xc nh NH3 Tnh ton Kt qu Chun bng NaOH 0,1 N

Trung ha bng NaOH 5N

15-20ml HCHO

3.1Xc nh m amoni bng phng php foocmalin. Cng thc tnh

%(N NH 4 )

V N 0,001401 p 100 m

V : s ml kim tn khi chun

N : nng ca kim 0,001401 : ng lng ca nit. m : khi lng mu ly phn tch. p : h s pha long

3.2 Xc nh m amoni bng phng php un si h

Nguyn tc Khi un dung dch phn cha nit amoni vi kim th amoniac s bay hi v mui tng ng to thnh. (NH4)2SO4 + NaOH Na2SO4 + 4NH3 + 2H2O NH4Cl + NaOH NaCl + NH3 + H2O Lng kim tha c chun bng axit s suy ra c tiu tn y NH3.

3.2 Xc nh m amoni bng phng php un si h Quy trnh

10g mu Ha tan 200ml Ht 25ml
50ml NaOH 0,5N

un n cn 1/3 th tch
2-3 git PP

Xc nh NH3

Tnh ton kt qu

Chun bng H2SO4 0,5N

3.2 Xc nh m amoni bng phng php un si h Cng thc tnh

%(N NH )
4

aN1 bN 2 0,001401 p 100

m

a : s lng kim cho vo dung dch cha nit phn (ml). N1 : nng kim (0,5N). b : s lng axit tiu tn khi chun (ml).

N2 : nng ca kim (0,5N).

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. L Vn Khoa, Phng php phn tch t nc phn bn

cy trng,NXB Gio dc,2000.

2. Gio trnh phn tch cng nghip, NXB trng i hc cng nghip TP. H Ch Minh,2009. 3. p dng tiu chun 10TCN 304 2004.