HYROCACBON THM

T LUN Cu 1 Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc ng phn hirocacbon thm c cng thc phn t C8H10; C9H12. Cu 2 Vit cng thc cu to cc hirocacbon c cng thc cu to sau: a, 3-etyl-1-isopropylbenzen b, 1,2-ibenzyleten c, 2-phenylbutan d, iphenylmetan Cu 3 Vit cc phng trnh ho hc xy ra khi cho isopropylbenzen ln lt tc dng vi cc cht sau: a, Br2/nh sng b, Br2/Fe c, H2/Ni, t0 d, dung dch KMnO4, to. Cu 4 Vit phng trnh ho hc (nu c) khi cho stiren ln lt tc dng vi cc cht sau: dung dch brom, dung dch KMnO4 long, m c un nng, H2(xc tc Pb 250C), ng trng hp vi butaien. Cu 5 T axetilen vit phung trnh ho hc iu ch stiren. Cu 6 Cht hu c A c cng thc phn t C9H8. A c kh nng lm mt mu dung dch Br2, tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 v tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4 un nng c axit benzoic. Xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn A. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc minh ho. Cu 7 T toluen vit phng trnh ho hc to thnh: a, metylxiclohexan b, axit m-nitrobenzoic c, axit- nitrobenzoic Cu 8 Vit phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng: a, Isopropylbenzen + Br2/Fe b, Propylbenzen + KMnO4 Cu 9 Bng phng php ho hc hy phn bit cc cht lng : stiren, phenylaxetilen, toluen, bezen Cu 10 Cho 3 cht : benzen, toluen v stiren a, Nu cch nhn ra cc l mt nhn ng tng cht ring bit. b, tinh ch benzen c ln mt lng nh toluen v stiren. C, Tch stiren ra khi hn hp vi toluen v benzen. Cu 11

t chy hon ton 2,9 gam hn hp 2 hidrocacbon ng dng lien tip X v Y thu c 4,928 lt CO2 (ktc). Hi ca 7,25 gam hn hp ny chim th tch ca 2,4 gam kh oxi (o cng iu kin to, p) a. Xc nh cng thc phn t v % khi lng tng cht trong hn hp. b. Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc cht c th c. Bit X khng lm mt mu nc Brom c. Xc nh cng thc cu to ng ca Y, bit khi Y tc dng vi dd KMnO4 un nng thu c axit benzoic. d. T benzen vit phng trnh ho hc iu ch Y theo 2 cch. Cho bit cch no thun li hn. Cu 12 Hirocacbon X tc dng vi nc brom d to thnh dn xut tetrabrom cha 75,8% brom v khi lng. Cn khi cng vi brom theo t l mol 1:1 th thu c mt cp ng phn cis-trans. 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca X 2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng khi cho X tc dng vi : a. Dung dch KMnO4 trong H2SO4 long. b. Hirat ho trong mi trng H2SO4 lang. Cu 13 A, B l hai hirocacbon c cng CTPT . t chy hon ton mt t cht A thu c CO2 v hi H2O theo t l th tch l 5:2. Cho m gam cht A bay hi th thu c mt th tich hi bng th tch ca m gam kh O2(o cng iu kin). Xc inh CTCT ca A v B bit A tc dng vi dung dch brom theo t l 1:3, B khng tc dng vi dung dch brom. Cu 14 C mt hp cht hu c A ch cha hai nguyn t, A c phn t khi 150< MA< 170. t chy hon ton m gam A sinh ra m gam H2O. A khng lm mt mu nc brom cng khng tc dng vi brom khi c mt bt st, nhng li phn ng vi brom khi chiu sngto thnh mt dn xut monobrom duy nht. un nng A vi mt lng d dung dch KMnO4, ri axit ho bng axit HCl. a. Xc nh cng thc n gin nht v cng thc phn t ca A b. Xc inh cng thc cu to ca A, vit cc phng trnh phn ng c. Nu phng php iu ch A xut pht te kh thin nhin v cc cht v c cn thit. Cu 15 t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon A, t l mol ca CO2 v H2O to thnh sau phn ng l 9:4. Khi ho hi 116 gam A th th tch hi chim 22,4 lit nu quy v iu kin tiu chun. Mt khc A tc dng vi dung dch Brom theo t l 1: 2 v s mol, to kt ta khi tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 v khi oxi ho A bng dung dch KMnO4 trong H2SO4 long th to c axit thm cha

26,23% oxi v khi lng. Tm CTPT, CTCT. Vt phng trnh phn ng Cu 16 t chy hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp gm ba hirocacbon ng phn A, B, C khng lm mt mu dung dch brom. Hp th ton b sn phm vo 575 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 2M, thu c kt ta v khi lng dung dch tng thm 50,8 gam, cho Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch thu c, kt ta li tng thm , tng khi lng kt ta ca hai ln l 243,05 gam. a. Xc nh CTPT ca ba hirocacbon b. Xc nh CTCT ca A, B, C bit: - Khi un nng vi dung dch KMnO4 d trong H2SO4 long A v B cho cng sn phm C9H6O6; C cho sn phm C8H6O4. - KHi un nng vi brom c mt bt st A ch cho mt sn phm monobrom. Cn B, C mi cht cho hai sn phm monobrom. c. Vit phng trnh phn ng cu b Cu 17 Trnh by PPHH phn bit cc cht lng sau: Benzen, etylbenzen, stiren Benzen, hex-2-en, toluen Etylbenzen, vinylbenzen, phenylaxetilen Cu 18 Hon thnh cc PTHH sau: benzen X Y stiren
Br2 Fe

X1 dd NaOH Toluen CHCH A B C

Xiclo hexan Xiclo hexan 8 7 6 5 4 3

X2 dd HCl dd HCl

X3 X6

X4 dd NaOH X5

2 1 C6H6Cl6 C6H5NO2 C6H5COONa C2H2 Hexan C6H5Cl C6H6

d)

2 1 3

e) C6H6

C6H5CH3 trinitrobenzen (TNB)

trinitrotoluen (thuc n TNT)

f) Cu 19 Cho cc cht sau: O2, H2, Cl2, HBr, HNO3 c, KMnO4. Benzen c th tc dng vi nhng cht no? Vit PTHH minh ha Cu 20 Cho Clo tc dng vi 78g benzen, ngi ta thu c 78g clobenzen. Tnh hiu sut phn ng? A: 69,3% Mun iu ch 7,85g brombenzen, hiu sut phn ng l 80% th khi lng benzen cn dng l bao nhiu A: 4,875g Cu 21 t chy hon ton 1mol HC X thu c 3,96g CO2 v 1,08g H2O. Nu

trng hp 3 phn t X c Y l ng ng ca benzen. Xc nh CTCT ca X v Y. A: C3H4 , C6H3(CH3)3 Cu 22 Ba cht hu c X, Y, Z u c thnh phn khi lng 92,30% C v 7,70% H. t l khi lng mol phn t cua chng l 1:2:3. c th chuyn ha X thnh Y v Z ch bng 1 phn ng. Z khng tc dng vi dd Brom, t Y c th chuyn ha thnh cao su. A: C2H2, C4H4, C6H6 Cu 23 t chy hon ton HC X thu c kh CO2 v H2O theo t l th tch 1,75: 1. Bit Mx <120vC v X c th lm mt mu dd KMnO4 khi un nng. HC X c CTCT? A: C7H8 Cu 24 Cho 23,0 kg Toluen tc dng vi hn hp HNO3c v H2SO4 c. Gi s ton b sn phm chuyn thnh 2,4,6 trinitrotoluen (TNT). Hy tnh Khi lng TNT thu c Khi lng axit HNO3 tham gia phn ng A: 56,25Kg v 51,0Kg Cu 25 A l ng ng ca Benzen c t khi i vi CH4 l 5,75. A tham gia cc qu trnh chuyn ha sau:
A 1 mol

1 mol Cl2 /as B t/d H2 d/ Ni,t0 C HNO3 (3 mol)/H2SO4 D dd KMnO4 E A, B, C, D l cc cht hu c. Vit PTHH di dng CTCT v gi tn. Cu 10: A l ng ng cua benzen. Khi t chy hon ton 1,50g cht A ngi ta thu c 2,52l kh CO2 (ktc) xc nh CTPT ca A Vit cc CTCT c th c ca A v gi tn Khi A tc dng vi Br2 xc tc Fe theo t l mol 1:1 th thu c mt dn xut monobrom duy nht. Xc nh CTCT ng ca A. A: C9H12 Cu 26 Hn hp M cha benzen v xiclohexen. M c th lm mt mu ti a 75,0g dd Br2 3,2%. Nu t chy hon ton M v hp th sn phm chy vo dd

Ca(OH)2 th thu c 21,0g kt ta. Tnh phn trm khi lng tng cht trong M A: 55,9% v 44,1% Cu 27 Hn hp A gm H2 v hi benzen. T khi ca A i vi kh metan bng 0,60. Dn A qua cht xc tc Ni, t0 th phn ng ch xy ra mt phn. hn hp sau phn ng c t khi so vi metan bng 0,75. Tnh H ca phn ng A: H = 67% Cu 28 Hn hp M th lng cha 2 HC k tip trong dy ng ng. t chy hon ton 2,62g M thu c 8,80g CO2 Nu lm bay hi 6,55g M th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 2,40g kh O2 cng iu kin. Xc nh CTPT v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong hn hp. A : C6H6 29,8% v C7H8 70,2% Cu 29 Cho 0,78g benzen tc dng vi Br2 theo t l mol 1:1, xt bt Fe thu c cht A v kh B. Dng V lt dd NaOH 2M hp th kh B, trung ha lng NaOH d cn va 50ml dd HCl 1M. Tnh V? A: 30lit Cu 30 t chy hon ton 4,6g toluen sn phm thu c cho qua bnh ng dd Ca(OH)2 d. Tnh khi lng kt ta to thnh bit H ca P bng 75% A: 26,25 Cu 31 un nng 2,3g toluen vi dd KMnO4 thu c axit benzoic. Khi lng axit to thnh? A: 3,05 Cu 32 t chy 100 lt kh thin nhin cha 96% CH4, 2% N2, 2% CO2 (v s mol). Tnh th tch CO2 thy vo khng kh A: 98 lt Cu 33 Khi t 1,12lit kh thin nhin cha CH4, N2, CO2 cn 2,128lit O2. cc th tch o cng iu kin. Phn trm th tch CH4 trong kh thin nhin ? A: 95% Cu 34 t chy V lt kh thin nhin cha 96% CH4, 2% N2, 2% CO2 (v th tch). Ton b sn phm chy dn qua bnh ng dd Ca(OH)2 d thy to ra 4,9g kt ta. Tnh V?

A: 1,12 lt Cu 35 Nu ly 19,2g canxicacbua em iu ch hp cht C6H6Cl6 th khi lng sp thu c l bao nhiu? A: 29,1g Cu 36 Khi cho V lt benzen tc dng vi Brom lng thu c 62,8g brombenzen, bit dbenzen =0,9g/ml.Tnh V? A: 34,67 ml Cu 37 Cho 22,4g benzen tc dng vi clo c bt st nung nng, thu c 30,375g clobenzen. Tnh H? A: 94% Cu 38 Dng 448m3 kh thin nhin c cha 95% kh metan iu ch thuc tr su 6,6,6. Khi lng thuc tr su thu c l bao nhiu? A: 921,5kg Cu 39 Cho 5,2 g stiren trng hp mt phn tc dng vi 100ml dd Br2 0,15M. Sau phn ng cho thm KI d vo hn hp th thu c 0,635g Iot. Phn trm stiren trng hp? A: 75% Cu 40 t chy hon ton 39,6g hn hp 2 aren l ng ng k tip nhau th cn 87,36 lt kh O2 (ktc). Th tch CO2 (ktc) thu c A: 67,2 lt TRC NGHIM Cu 1 t chy hon ton hirocacbon X ngi ta thu c CO2 v H2O theo ti l . Bit X khng lm mt mu nc brom. X l hirocacbon no trong s cc hrocacbon di y ? A. C2H2 B. C6H14 C. C6H6 D. C6H5CH3 Cu 2 Hirocacbon X c cng thc phn t C8H10 khng lm mt mu dung dch brom . Khi un nng X vi dung dch thuc tm to thnh C7H5KO2(N). Cho N tc dng vi dung dch HCl to thnh hp cht C7H6O2. X c tn gi no sau y? A.1,2-imetylbezen B.1,3-imetylbezen C.1,4-imetylbezen D. etylbenzen

Cu 3 Cho 15,6 g C6H6 tc dng ht vi Cl2 (xc tc bt st). Nu hiu sut ca phn ng l 80% th khi lng clobenzen thu c l bao nhiu? A. 18g B. 19g C. 20g D. 21g Cu 4 Khi cho clo tc dng vi 78 gam benzen (bt st lm xc tc) ngi ta thu c 78 gam clobenzen. Hiu sut ca phn ng l: A. 69,33% B. 71% C. 72,33% D. 79,33% Cu 5 Khi phn tch nguyn t ca hirocacbon Y cho kt qu 9,44%H; 90,56% C . Y ch tc dng vi brom theo t l mol 1: 1 un nng c bt st lm xc tc. Y c CTPT l: A.C8H8 B. C8H10 C. C9H12 D. C6H6 Cu 6 Stiren ( a) CnH2n-6 Cu 7 Naptalen ( a) C10H6 Cu 8 Vi cng thc phn t C9H12, s ng phn thm c th c l: a) 8 Cu 9 Cho hh A gm cc hi v kh: 0,1 mol Benzen; 0,2 mol Toluen; 0,3 mol Stiren v 1,4 mol Hiro vo mt bnh kn, c cht xc tc Ni. un nng bnh kn mt thi gian, thu c hn hp B gm cc cht: Xiclohexan, Metyl xiclohexan, Etyl xiclohexan, Benzen, Toluen, Etyl benzen v Hiro. t chy hon ton lng hn hp B trn, ri cho hp th ht sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch nc vi c d, hp th ht sn phm chy. tng khi lng bnh ng nc vi l: a) 240,8 gam tnh . b) 260,2 gam c) 193,6 gam d) Khng d kin b) 9 c) 10 d) 7 ) c cng thc phn t l: b) C10H10 c) C10H12 d) Tt c u khng ng ) c cng thc tng qut l: b) CnH2n-8 c) CnH2n-10 d) CnH2n-6-2k

Cu 10 Cho 6,9 gam mt ankylbenzen X phn ng vi brom (xc tc Fe) thu c 10,26

gam hn ho 2 dn xut monobrom. Bt mi dn xut monobrom u cha 46,784% brom trong phn t. a. X, Y l: A. toluen; p-brmtoluen v m-bromtoluen B.toluen; p-brmtoluen v o-bromtoluen C. Etylbenzen; p-brometyletylbenzen v m-bromtoluen D.Etylbenzen; pbrometyletylbenzen v o-bromtoluen b. Hiu sut chung ca qu trnh brom ho l: A.60% B.70% C.80% D.85% Cu 11 Hiro ho 49gam hn hp A gm benzen v naphtalenbng H2(xc tc thch hp ) thu c 39,72 gam hn hp sn phm B gm xiclohexan v calin a. Thnh phn % khi lng ca xiclohexan trong B (ga thit hiu sut hiro ho benzen v naphtalen ln lt bng 70%, 80%) l: A. 29,6% B. 33,84% C. 44,41% D. 50,76% b. Th tch H2 phn ng (ktc): A. 11,2 lt B. 32,032 lt C. 34,048 lt D. 42,56 lt Cu 12 hiro ho etylbenzen thu c stiren vi hiu sut l 60%. hiro ho butan thu c butaien vi hiu sut l 45%. Trng hp butaien v stiren thu c sn phm A c tnh n hi rt cao vi hiu sut 75%. iu ch c 500kg sn phm A cn khi lng butan v etylbezen l bao nhiu kg? A. 544 v 745 B.754 v 544 C. 335,44 v 183,54 D. 183,54 v 335,44 Cu 13 t chy hon ton 26,5 gam mt ankylbezen X cn 29,4 lt khng kh (ktc). Oxi ho X thu c axit benzoic. Gi thit khng kh cha 20% oxi v 80% nit. X l: A. toluen B. o-metyltoluen C. eylbenzen D. o-etyltoluen Cu 14 hiro ho 13,25 gam etylbenzen thu oc 10,4 gam stiren, trng hp lng stiren ny thu c hn ho A gm polistiren vaf stiren d. Lng A tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch Brom 03M. a. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l: A. 75% B. 80% C. 85% D. 90% b. Hi sut ca phn ng trng hp l: A. 60% B70% C. 75% D. 85% c. Khi lng stiren thu oc l: A. 6,825 gam B. 7,28 gam C. 8,16 gam D. 9,36 gam

d. Bit khi lng mol trung bnh ca politiren bng 31200 gam. H s trng hp ca polistiren l : A. 2575 B. 2750 C. 3000 D. 3500

Cu 15 Cht

c tn l g ?

A. 1-butyl-3-metyl-4-etylbenzen. B. 1-butyl-4-etyl-3-metylbenzen. C. 1-etyl-2-metyl-4-butylbenzen. D. 4-butyl-1-etyl-2-metylbenzen. Cu 16 Mt ng ng ca benzen c CTPT C8H10. S ng phn ca cht ny l : A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 17 Cc cu sau cu no sai ? A. Benzen c CTPT l C6H6 B. Cht c CTPT C6H6 phi l benzen C. Cht c cng thc n gin nht l CH khng ch l benzen D. Benzen c cng thc n gin nht l CH. Cu 18 Dng 39 gam C6H6 iu ch toluen. Khi lng toluen to thnh l : A. 78 g B. 46 g C. 92g D. 107 g Cu 19 Cho s :

Cc nhm X,Y ph hp s trn l : A. X(CH3), Y(NO2) C. X(NH2), Y(CH3) Cu 20 Cho s :

B. X(NO2), Y(CH3) D. C A,C

Cc nhm X,Y ph hp s trn l : A. X(CH3), Y(Cl) B. X(CH3), Y(NO2) C. X(Cl), Y(CH3) D. C A, B, C Cu 21 Cho s : CTPT ph hp ca X l : A. C6H5CH3. B. C6H6. C. C6H5C2H5 D. C Av B Cu 22 phn bit 4 cht lng : benzen, toluen, stiren, etylbenzen ngi ta dng thuc th no sau y: A. Dung dch Br2. B. Dung dch KMnO4. C. Dung dch HNO3 , xc tc H2SO4 . D. kt qu khc.