Thi nghim ha sinh thc phm

TRNG AI HOC S PHAM KY THUT THANH PH H CHI MINH KHOA CNG NGH HOA HOC VA THC PHM

BAO CAO THI NGHIM HA SINH THC PHM

GVGD:H TH THU TRANG BO CO TH NGHIM S 5:NH LNG VITAMIN C ( ACID ASCORBIC )
NHOM C5 Danh sch sinh vin: 1. Trn Nguyn Thin n 2. Ha Vn Hung 3. Nguyn Hng Lin 4. Trn Quc Thng 5. Nguyn Duy Qun NI DUNG BAI BAO CAO. 1. Mc tiu bi th nghim. Qua bi th nghim gip ta nm c mt vi kin thc lin quan n Vitamin C cng nh nm c k nng, cch nh lng Vitamin C trong cc mu thc phm. 1.1. nh ngha Vitamin C. Vitamin C cn gi l acid ascorbic l mt hp cht khng no cha nhm endiol HO-C=C-OH, l cht c kh nng chng oxi ha rt tt, phn ln c ngun gc t thc vt nh: Cam, chanh, qut, bi, xoi ngoi ra cn c ng vt nh: gan thn N tn ti trong c th chng ta di hai dng D v L, tham gia vo cc hot ng khc nhau ca c th. Dng D khng c hot tnh sinh hc. Dng L khi b xy ha ln u chuyn thnh acid dehydro ascorbic (hi ng mu) vn cn hot tnh sinh hc ca vitamin C.
1.2. Chc nng chnh ca Vitamin C.

LP: 101160C im s:

Ngy Th Nghim: 09/05/2012

1.2.1. Thc y s hnh thnh collagen.

GVGD: H Th Thu Trang

Thi nghim ha sinh thc phm

Khi thiu vitamin C, qu trnh tng hp collagen gp tr ngi, khin cc vt thng lu lnh dn n xut huyt nhiu mc khc nhau (v mao mch, chy mu di da, chy mu li, v mao mch, gy nhiu m xut huyt), thnh mch yuc bit l hin tng thng thy bnh scorbut. 1.2.2. Cht kch hot enzyme. Vitamin C c th bo v vitamin A, vitamin E, v cc axit bo thit yu khi b tiu hu; lm cho st (2) c trong thc n c duy tr trong trng thi hon nguyn, thc y s hp th st. 1.2.3 Tham gia qu trnh chuyn ha cholesterol. Gip 80% cholesterol chuyn ha thnh sulfat tan trong nc bi tit khi c th, gim hm lng cholesterol trong mu; loi b cholesterol tch t trong ng mch; gia tng cc thnh phn c ch ca mu nh lipoprotein, c ngha quan trng trong phng chng x va ng mch. 1.2.4 Tham gia qu trnh bi tit cht c khi c th. Tip tc -xy ha thnh glutathione (diketo golunat) cng vi cht c trong c th b bi tit ra ngoi. 1.2.5 Phng chng ung th. Vic gim vitamin C trong ng tiu ha ngn chn s hnh thnh nitrosamines, c hiu qu ngn nga s xut hin ca cc khi u ng tiu ha; ngoi ra vitamin C cn tham gia trong tng hp collagen, gip cc t bo k duy tr cu trc bnh thng, lm gim qu trnh pht trin ca t bo ung th. 1.2.6 Chng cm lnh. Vitamin C c th ci thin kh nng khng bnh ca cc t bo min dch v tng cng min dch ca c th v min dch humoral, loi b cc yu t gy bnh, gi h h hp c bo ton. Khi thiu n, biu m t bo khng bnh kh qun v ph qun b gim xung. Cc th nghim cho thy, ung 1.000 mg vitamin C mi ngy c th gim 50% nguy c b cm lnh v gim 23% cc triu chng cm cm. 1.2.7 Bo v da, chng np nhn.

GVGD: H Th Thu Trang

Thi nghim ha sinh thc phm

Vitamin C l cht kch hot enzyme, c th gia tng s hot ng ca mt s kim loi, gip da chng li cc gc t do sinh ra bi tia cc tm, trnh s xut hin ca tn nhang, thc y s trao i cht, gp phn ngn nga lo ha da.

2 Nguyn tc. Do Acid ascorbic l mt hp cht khng no c cha nhm endiol HO-C=C-OH. Nhm chc ny d b oxi ha kh thun nghch, b ph hy nhanh di tc dng ca cc cht oxi ha v bn trong mi trng Acid. V vy c th nh lng Acid ascorbic bng phng php chun vi Iod, cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra nh sau: KIO3 + 5KI + 6HCl KIO3 + 5KI + 6HCl + 3C6H8O6 3 S trnh t tin hnh th nghim. 3.1. S cc cng on th nghim. Chun b mu: Cn 10g nguyn liu nh phn bng KIO3/ KI 0.001N cho n khi xut hin mu xanh. Thm vo 5 git h tinh bt Nghin nh trong dung dch HCl 1% Chuyn dch thu c vo bnh nh mc 100ml Ly 10ml dung dch t bnh nh mc trn cho vo erlen Lc trn u v lc ta c dung dch cn phn tch. Trch ly v nh mc n vch bng dung dich HCl 1% 3I2 + 6KCl + 3H2O.

3C6H6O6 + 6KCl + 3H2O + 6HI.

c th tch KIO3/ KI
GVGD: H Th Thu Trang
3

0.001N dng (ml).

Thi nghim ha sinh thc phm

Tin hnh song song vi mu kim chng: thay dch chit Vitamin C bng dung dch HCL 1%.

Ly 10 ml dung dch HCl 1% cho vo erlen

Thm 5 git h tinh bt nh phn bng KIO3/ KI 0.001N cho n khi xut hin mu xanh

c kt qu KIO3/ KI 0.001N 3.2 gii thch mc ch cc cng on chnh, cc thng s th nghim. - Nghin nh trong dung dch HCL 1% vi mc ch lm cho dch chit vitamin C ( mi trng ) bn hn v Acid ascorbic km bn trong mi trng bnh thng m ch bn trong mi trng Acid. Do n n vic tnh ton kt qu chnh xc hn, trnh sai s. - Cho 5 git h tinh bt nhm mc ch lm cht ch th pht tnh hiu bit thi im ngng chun (dung dch xut hin mu xanh). - C ch nh lng: + dch chit vitamin C (C6H8O6 v HCl) m HCl ng vai tr l cht nn nn do khi nh phn bng KIO3/ KI 0.001N phn ng sau xu ra trc: KIO3 + 5KI + 6HCl + 3C6H8O6 3C6H6O6 + 6KCl + 3H2O + 6HI.
4

GVGD: H Th Thu Trang

Thi nghim ha sinh thc phm

+ Khi C6H8O6 trong erlen phn ng ht vi KIO3/ KI 0.001N th tip tc n ch phn ng vi HCl to ra Iod. KIO3 + 5KI + 6HCl 3I2 + 6KCl + 3H2O.

Iod to ra kt hp vi h tinh bt cho vo s lm xut hin mu xanh. Lc ta ngng chun v c kt qu lng KIO3/ KI 0.001N ( ml ) dng khi nh phn vi dch chit Vitamin C v khi Khi lng mu nguyn liu (g) Th tch KIO3/ KI 0.001N cn dung nh phn dch chit Vitamin C (ml) Ln 1: 3.95 10 Ln 2: 3.9 Ln 3: 4 VTrng bnh = 3.95 nh phn vi mu kim chng HCl 1% ri tnh ton kt qu. 4 Kt qu. 4.1 Bng s liu th nghim. 4.2 Tnh ton kt qu. Cng thc tnh hm lng Vitamin C trong mu th nghim: Th tch KIO3/ KI 0.001N cn dung nh phn mu i chng HCl 1% (ml) 3.62

Trong : o o o o o
o

x(mg%) : hm lng vitamin C a : s ml KIO3/ KI 0.001N cn dng nh phn dch chit vitamin C b : s ml KIO3/ KI 0.001N cn dng nh phn mu i chng 100 (ml) l th tch bnh nh mc 10 (g) khi lng ca mu nguyn liu. 0.088 s mg Acid ascorbic ng vi 1 ml dung dch KIO3/ KI 0.001N m (g): khi lng mu nguyn liu
5

GVGD: H Th Thu Trang

Thi nghim ha sinh thc phm

Kt qu th nghim. Vi a=3.95 ml, b=3.62 ml, m= 10 g nn hm lng Vitamin C trong mu l:

(mg%).
5 Bn lun. 5.1 Nhn xt kt qu, so snh vi s liu thc t. Kt qu phn tch gn ng vi s liu nghin cu thc t. S liu thc t: trong 100g rut chanh dy c hm lng Vitamin C l 30 mg%, vy trong 10g rut chanh dy th c 3mg% hm lng Vitamin C. 5.2 nh gi kt qu. Kt qu c sai s so vi s liu thc t. Sai s 3.2%. 5.3 Cc nguyn nhn nh hng n kt qu th nghim, sai s. Cn mu khng chnh xc tuyt i 10g, c th thiu, hoc d nhng vn lm trn 10 g. mu tip xc vi mi trng bnh thng qu lu ri mi i phn tch, do mt lng Acid ascorbic c trong Vitamin C b oxy ha v tnh cht km bn trong mi trng bnh thng ca n. Trch ly cha hon ton, cha ly ht c dch chit c trong mu do lm gim hm lng Vitamin C trong dch mu. Mt phn dch chit b ri ra ngoi, cn dnh li trong chy, ci cng l nguyn nhn nh hng n kt qu th nghim. Chun cha ti (cha thy r mu xanh ) hoc l qu so vi yu cu ( mu xanh qu m ). Thc hin khng ng vic c kt qu th nghim v ly ha cht ( d hoc lm trn ). 5.4 Phng php gim thiu sai s. Phi khc phc c nhng nguyn nhn gy ra sai s th s gim thiu ti a c sai s kt qu th nghim trong lc phn tch. Cn mu chnh xc ng khi lng yu cu. Khi ly mu ra phi thc ngay, khng nn tip xc vi mi trng qu lu.
6

GVGD: H Th Thu Trang

Thi nghim ha sinh thc phm

Trch ly k ly c ton b dch chit. thc hin cn thn khng ri dch ra ngoi. c ng kt qu th nghim, chun dng ng im tng ng.

GVGD: H Th Thu Trang