Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1

Chng 1: Tng quan v lp trnh vi ngn ng Visual Basic.NET

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1. Mi trng pht trin visual studio.net

VS.NET l b cng c gip pht trin cc ng dng t ng dng desktop n ng dng mng. N l mi trng pht trin tt c cc ngn ng nh VB.NET, Visual C ++, Visual C#.Net ht sc mnh m v thun li. 1.1. Khi ng visual studio.NET Vic khi ng vs.NET cng tng t nh cc phn mm khc nh ms.Word hay excel. Nu ln u khi ng vs.NET s yu cu xem bn chy n vi u tin ng dng v ngn ng no. Bn chn Visual Basic v start vs.net l xong. Mn hnh bt u nh sau:

Nu trang start page khng hin, bn c th lm n xut hin bng cch chn menu View | Other Windows | Start Page. 1.2. M mt d n ca visual basic Ti trang start page, bn c th click vo project ca phn Open v duyt mt d n trong phn Baitap sn c ca chng 1 xem sao. 1.3. M mt d n c th - Click chut vo project ca phn Open ti trang Start Page. GV: L Xun Ti -1Trng TC Tng Hp Tp.HCM

Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1 - Duyt n th mc cha d n (V d: My Document) - Chn file cn m (V d file MusicTrivia.sln). Lc ny trang Start Page s tm n i, mt ca s mi xut hin:

1.4. D n (Project) v gii php (Solutions) Khi m d n trn chc hn bn nhn thy hai file l MusicTrivia.sln v MusicTrivia.vbproj. File .sln l file gii php v file .vbproj l file d n. Phn bit gia file Gii php v file D n Trong VS, cc chng trnh ang trin khai v pht trin c gi l d n (Projects) hoc gii php (Solution) bi chng cha rt nhiu file v do nhiu thnh phn, i tng ring l hp li. Mt chng trnh vs.NET bao gm mt file gii php v mt file d n hp li. File d n cha thng tin c bit lin quan n mt tc v lp trnh n l. File gii php li cha thng tin v mt hay nhiu d n. Nh vy file .sln s mang tnh rng ln hn so vi file .vbproj. 1.5. M phng mn hnh VS.NET Cng c trong vs.NET rt phong ph. Sau y l m phng mn hnh lm vic ca b vs.NET:

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Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1

Windows Form Designer Menu Bar Standard Toolbar Solution Explorer

Tools Box

Output Windows

Properties Windows

B thit k Windows Forms Designer

VS.NET c mt b thit k form trc quan, dng thit k giao din cho cc d n. Bn s lm quen dn dn bi v thng trong cc d n pht trin c th c rt nhiu Form. Hin th b thit k Form Gc phi mn hnh l ca s Solution Explorer. Hin th n View | Solution Explorer. Ca s ny cha ton b cc phn t c s dng trong d n. Double Click vo MusicTrivia.vb trong ca s Solution Explorer bn s thy tt c cc file cha form. Nhp chut vo biu tng View Designer dng trc quan. Ca s thuc tnh Properties Cho php thay i thng s ca i tng thit k form sau ny. Bn th m giao din chng trnh MusicTrivia v click vo mt phn t bt k ri thay i th cc thuc tnh ca chng xem sao. GV: L Xun Ti -3Trng TC Tng Hp Tp.HCM trong solution hin th form thit k

Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1

2. Chy mt chng trnh Visual Basic

- Nhp chut vo nt start mu xanh cng c th n phim F5). trn standard bar chy chng trnh (bn

3. Thot khi VISUAL STUDIO.NET

- Lu li nhng g chng ta lm bng cch chn File | Save all. - Chn File | Exit thot khi vs.NET.

4. Quy trnh vit mt chng trnh Visual Basic.net

To giao din cho chng trnh Thit lp thuc tnh cho cc i tng trong giao din Vit m chng trnh Lu v chy chng trnh Bin dch file thc thi .exe

5. Vit mt chng trnh Visual Basic.net u tay 5.1. Chng trnh LUCKY SEVEN
5.1.1. Tm hiu chng trnh Luckyseven c giao din nh sau:

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Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1

Form chnh gm c hai nt (quay s v kt thc), bn nhn (1, 2, 3 cha ba s ngu nhin, 4 cha tn chng trnh v hin dng Bn chin thng nu c 3 nhn 1, 2, 3 u l s 7). Hot ng: Khi bn click vo nt Quay s th chng trnh pht sinh ngu nhin ba s ba nhn. Nu mt trong ba s l ch s 7 th hin nh tr tin i tng picturebox1. 5.1.2. Xy dng giao din v thuc tnh - To nt button1 trn form1: bn to button1theo nhiu cch khc nhau. l ko t toolbox vo form; double click vo i tng button; click vo i tng button v v hnh ch nht trn giao din chnh ca form1. Sau khi to xong button1 trn form1 bn t thuc tnh nh sau: R-click vo button1 trn form1 chn properties. Trong ca s properties windows thit lp cc thuc tnh ty thch (cn thn vi thuc tnh name t tn khng khong trng), bn chn thuc tnh text thnh Quay s. - Tng t vi button2 bn chn thuc tnh text l Kt thc. C hai nt thuc tnh Text Align u l Middle Center.

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Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1 - To nhn label1: Bn to nhn bng nhiu cch nh vi nt nhng chn i tng Label t toolsbox. Bn t con tr vo cc cnh ca nhn chnh size cho n.

Nu khng chnh c th bn nhn thuc tnh Auto Size ca nhn ny trn ca s Properties, chnh n thnh False l xong. Sau khi to xong lable1 trn form1, bn t thuc tnh cho n nh sau: Text trng; TextAlign Middle center; Cc thuc tnh khc ty thch. - Tng t vi cc nhn lable2, lable3, lable4. Ring lable4 bn t thuc tnh text l Chng trnh s 7 may mn. - To Picturebox1 i tng cho php cha nh: To picturebox1 tng t nh to cc i tng khc vi cch click vo i tng trn Tools box.

Thit lp thuc tnh cho Picturebox1: SizeMode StretchImage (cho php nh co gin ng theo kch c ca Picturebox); Visible False (nh khng hin tr khi m chong trnh cho php); Image bn chn nh no ty thch. Bn c th ko v tr cc i tng trn form1 sao cho ph hp. 5.1.3. Vit m cho chng trnh 5.1.3.1. S kin Form1_Load M l phn quan trng v mnh m nht dng ty bin v xy dng chng trnh. xem m ca form1 ta R-click vo phn Form1 v chn ViewCode. Kt qu:
Public Class Form1 End Class

y l cu trc c trng ca vb. Ta tip tc bn v th tc form_load. Load l s kin triu gi mt form khi thc thi. to bn chn form1events t danh sch x xung nh sau:

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Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1 Tip l chn s kin load t danh sch x xung k bn phn chn s kin:

V vs.net t to mt th tc cho bn nh sau:

Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load End Sub

V y l chng trnh sinh s ngu nhin nn bn cn gi n hm rnd() hm sinh ngu nhin. Cng theo , ta khai bo trong s kin form1_load hm Randomize():
Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load Randomize() End Sub

5.1.3.2. Vit m cho nt nhn quay s - button1 Ta mun chng trnh thc hin quay s ngu nhin khi click vo nt quay s th phi vit m hay chnh xc hn l to th tc c tn Button1_Click x l s kin.Vic to th tc ny nh sau: bn tin hnh mt trong cc cch. Th nht, double click vo nt quay s trn giao din thit k form. Cch th hai chn i tng button1 t danh sch x xung:

Tip theo chn s kin click bn danh sach x xung bn cnh: GV: L Xun Ti -7Trng TC Tng Hp Tp.HCM

Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1

V nhp chnh xc on m sau vo phn th tc tng ng xut hin:

Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click PictureBox1.Visible = False Label1.Text = CStr(Int(Rnd() * 10)) Label2.Text = CStr(Int(Rnd() * 10)) Label3.Text = CStr(Int(Rnd() * 10)) 'Nu mt trong ba nhn xut hin s 7 th hin nh v ku beep If (Label1.Text = "7") Or (Label2.Text = "7") Or (Label3.Text = "7") Then PictureBox1.Visible = True Beep() End If If (Label1.Text = "7") And (Label2.Text = "7") And (Label3.Text = "7") Then PictureBox1.Visible = True Beep() Label4.Text &= "Bn chin thng!" End If End Sub

1.3.3. Vit m cho nt kt thc button2 Tng t nh button1, bn to s kin click ca button2 v nhp hm End() vo l xong. 1.3.4. M y ca chng trnh
Public Class Form1 Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click End End Sub Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click PictureBox1.Visible = False Label1.Text = CStr(Int(Rnd() * 10)) Label2.Text = CStr(Int(Rnd() * 10)) Label3.Text = CStr(Int(Rnd() * 10)) 'Nu mt trong ba nhn xut hin s 7 th hin nh v ku beep If (Label1.Text = "7") Or (Label2.Text = "7") Or (Label3.Text = "7") Then PictureBox1.Visible = True

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Gio trnh Tin hc ng dng Qun l 1

Beep() End If If (Label1.Text = "7") And (Label2.Text = "7") And (Label3.Text = "7") Then PictureBox1.Visible = True Beep() Label4.Text &= "Bn chin thng!" End If End Sub Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load Randomize() End Sub End Class

5.2. Thc thi chng trnh

5.2.1. Chy chng trnh chy chng trnh click vo nt start debugging t menu bar. 5.2.2. Bin dch chng trnh ra file .exe VS.NET h tr bn bin dch chng trnh ra file .exe chy trn bt k mi trng no. N ng gi tt c cc thnh phn cn thit v to ra file chy trn tt c mi trng windows. C hai kiu file chy: kiu Debug build (g li) v release build (xy dng). Trn l thuyt, kiu debug build chy chm hn v cha thng tin g li. Trn thc t th chng chy tng ng nhau. to ra file thc thi chn Build | Build luckyseeven. trn standard bar hay chn Debug | start

Chng trnh s to ra mt th mc BIN cha hai th mc con l DEBUG v RELEASE c hai file luckyseven.exe l hai file thc thi ta cn.

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