Trng HKTCN THI NGUYN Khoa: in t

BI BO CO THIT K BO MCH NHM 2

TI: THIT K B NGUN A NNG

Cc sinh vin trong nhm: NGUYN TUN LINH NGUYN TIN HNG VN LINH PHNG VN C NGUYN VN CHINH TRNG VN QUNG

Li ni u Bt c u, mi lnh vc no trong cuc sng cng cn n ngun in,vi b ngun a nng in p thp c th cung cp ngun cho sinh vin ti cc phng, xng thc hnh, th nghim ti cc trng hc. Trong i sng cng vy, n c th lm ngun cung cp cho cc ng c cng sut nh, cp ngun cho thit b chiu sng, ngun np c quy.Nhn thy s quan trng ca n nhm chng em thit k v ch to b ngun a nng in p thp Mc lc: A- Gii thiu cc linh kin I. II. My bin p in tr

III. T in IV. Cc linh kin bn dn V. Gii thiu v IC 1. H IC 78XX (7805,7809,7812) 2. H IC 79XX (7905,7909,7912) 3. IC LM317. B-THIT K B NGUN A NNG I. V mch nguyn l II. Nu nguyn l hot ng III. V mch in IV. Gn linh kin nn bo mch ,tin hnh hn linh kin V. Kt lun v hng pht trin

A-GII THIU CC LINH KIN I-MY BIN P 1.Khi nim, k hiu, cu to MBA: a ) Khi nim. My bin p l thit b dng tng hoc gim in p(hay cng dng in) ca cc dng in xoay chiu nhng vn gi nguyn tn s.

NGUYN TC HOT NG CA MY BIN P Hot ng ca my bin th da trn hin tng cm ng in t. Mt trong hai cun dy ca my bin th c ni vi mch in xoay chiu, v gi l cun s cp. Cun th hai c ni vi ti tiu th v gi l cun th cp. Dng in trong cun s cp lm pht sinh mt t trng bin thin trong li thp. T thng bin thin ca t trng qua cun th cu (cng qun trn

li thp) gy ra mt dng in cm ng chy trong cun th cp v trong ti tiu th.

II-IN TR 1. Khi nim, k hiu biu tng v phn loi in tr. a) Khi nim. in tr l linh kin c trng cho s cn tr dng in trong vt dn in. b)K hiu l: R c) Phn loi in tr. * Phn loi theo cu to c 3 loi c bn: - Than p: Loi ny c cng sut < 3W v hot ng tn s thp. - Mng than: Loi ny c cng sut > 3W v hot ng tn s cao. - Dy qun: Loi ny c cng sut > 5W v hot ng tn s thp. * Phn loi theo cng sut: - Cng sut nh: Kch thc nh. - Cng sut trung bnh: Kch thc ln hn. - Cng sut ln: Kch thc ln nht.

Hnh dng thc t ca mt s loi in tr trong thc t :

III T IN 1. Khi nim, k hiu biu tng v cng dng t in. a) Khi nim. T in l thit b in c kh nng tch tr nng lng di dng in trng. K hiu l: C

c xc nh bng biu thc: d) Cng dng ca t in. - Dng tch in, v x in, ch cho tn hiu xoay chiu i qua, ngn dng mt chiu. - Kh nng np, x in nhiu hay t ph thuc vo in dung C cat. - n v o in dung mch in t gm: pF (Pico Fara), nF (nano Fara), F (Micro Fara)

- Khi s dng t ta phi quan tm n 2 thng s: o in dung: Cho bit kh nng cha in ca t. o in p: Cho bit kh nng chu ng ca t.

IV-LINH KIN BN DN 1. Diode bn dn. Khi c c cht bn dn l P v N , nu ghp hai cht bn dn theo mt tip gip P - N ta c mt Diode, tip gip P -N c c im : Ti

b mt tip xc, cc in t d tha trong bn dn N khuych tn sang vng bn dn P lp vo cc l trng do to thnh mt lp in trung ho v in nn lp in ny to thnh min cch in gia hai cht bn dn.

Mun cho diot hot ng c ,ta phi tin hnh phn cc cho n.Ty theo loi diot m ta phn cu thun hoc ngc cho n.Khi diot hot ng n ch cho php dng in chy mt chiu qua n , chnh l tnh cht van' ca diot. V. GII THIU CHUNG V IC. IC(Intergated Cirouit) l mt mch in t m cc thnh phn tc ng v th ng, c ch to kt t trong hoc trn mt (Subtrate) hoc khng tch ri nhau c. ny c th l mt phin bn dn( hu ht l Si)hoc mt phin cch in. Mt IC thng c kch thc di rng c vi tram micr c ng trong mt v bng kim loi hoc bng plastic. Nhng IC nh vy thng l mt b phn chc nng (Function device) tc l mt b phn c kh nng thc hin mt chc nng in t no . S kt t (Integration) cc thnh phn ca mch in t cng nh cc b phn cu thnh ca mt h thng in t vn l hng tim ti v theo ui t lu trong nghnh in t. Nhu cu ca s kt t pht minh t s kt t tt nhin ca cc mch v h thng in t theo chiu hng t n gin n phc tp, t nh n ln, t tn s thp (tc chm) n tn s cao (tc nhanh). s tin trin ny l hu qu tt yu ca nhu cu ngy cng tng trong vic x l lng tin tc (Information) ngy cng nhiu

ca x hi pht trin.

1. IC 78XX Cu to v hnh dng ca h IC 78XX

* Chc nng h IC 78XX ni chung: H IC 78XX c chc nng to in p u ra c nh mc +XX

4. IC79XX Cu to v hnh dng ca h IC 79XX

* Chc nng h IC 79XX ni chung: H IC 79XX c chc nng to in p u ra c nh mc -XX

IC LM317 LM317 l n p dng c iu chnh di in p t 1,25 vol n 30Vol tng ng 78xx khi iu chnh in p xx.

LM317 l IC n p 3 chn : 1 chn In n u + ngun, , Out ni ti ti , Adj iu chnh in p mu, in p mu nh hng trc tip n in p ra, in p ny min = 1,2 Vol . Do c tnh p ng ca LM317 nn nu ta cho thm mt in tr ti vo im Adj v Out th in p ny s c IC phn ng tc ng b bng cch nu ko n nh 1,2 Vol, kt qu ca phn ng

ny ta thu c mt hiu ng gng dng trn ti u ra. Hot ng c th ca tc ng nh sau : vi U Adj-out = 1,2 vol nu chng ta t vo mt in tr c tr s 18 Ohm th I qua R ref l 1,2/18= 66miliampe. * Trong trng hp in p vo bin thin tng , in p ra trong cht lt c chiu hng tng lm cho dng trn ti c chiu hng nhch ln, in p trn n tng ln ngay tc th phn ng ca LM317 l nhn bit s bin thin ny v ko in p ra thp xung H qu l in p tr li trng thi ban u v dng in d nhin l uc xc lp la ti tr s gn nh khng thayi vi trn thi ban u. * Trong trng hp in p vo gim, phn ng cu mch in xy ra theo chiu ngc li v dng in c gi khng i tng t nh trng hp trn. B- THIT K B NGUN A NNG < iu chnh in p ra t 1.25 30V 1A dng LM317T>

B ngun a nng iu chnh gm c 4 phn chnh:

-Bin p bin i in p xoay chiu U1 thnh in p xoay chiu U2 c gi tr thch hp vi yu cu, y bin i in p xoay chiu 220V thnh in p xoay chiu U2 c gi tr l: -Mch chnh lu chuyn tip in p xoay chiu U2 thnh in p mt khng bng phng U3(c gi tr thay i nhp nh) -B lc c nhim v san bng in p 1 chiu p mch U3 thnh in p 1 chiu U4 t nhp nh hn. -B n p 1 chiu( n dng) c nhim v n nh in p(dng in) u

ra ca n Ura khi U4 b thay i theo s mt n nh ca n. S NGUYN L

S nguyn l mch ngun a nng ,dng LM317

Nguyn l hot ng ca mch nh sau: Khi t 1 in p 3V Uvo Ura 40V vo chn s 3 ca IC LM317T th ti u ra ca IC ta thu c 1 gi tr in p t 1.25 - 30V. Mun thay i gi tr in p th ta thay i gi tr ca bin tr .

u vo ta dng 3 con IC n p LM317T mc song song thay cho 1 IC n p LM338, v mi IC LM317T cng c in p u ra t 1,25-30V,Gi tr dng in duy tr khong 1A. Vi dng in 3A v mc in p u ra thay i t 1.25-30V,ta c th thay th theo yu cu l s trn. MCH IN< tin hnh v s nguyn l v mch in trn phn mm altium >

Mch in b ngun nng, dng LM317

Trc khi hn linh kin,hon thnh mch ngun,ta cn phi tnh ton cc thng s ca in tr,t in, mt cch hp l nht ,c nh vy b ngun vi hot ng tt c.Trc khi lp mch ta c th m phng chng trn cc phn mm m phng nh proteus..

C- THIT K B NGUN A NNG (dng IC h 78xx Va 79xx to ra cc cp in p +-5V,+-6V,+-9V,+-12V) Cng tng t nh mch to in p trn trn mch in dng IC h 78xx Va 79xx c s khi nh sau

-Bin p bin i in p xoay chiu U1 thnh in p xoay chiu U2 c gi tr thch hp vi yu cu, y bin i in p xoay chiu 220V thnh in p xoay chiu U2 c gi tr l: -Mch chnh lu chuyn tip in p xoay chiu U2 thnh in p mt khng bng phng U3(c gi tr thay i nhp nh) -B lc c nhim v san bng in p 1 chiu p mch U3 thnh in p 1 chiu U4 t nhp nh hn. -B n p 1 chiu( n dng) c nhim v n nh in p(dng in) u ra ca n Ura khi U4 b thay i theo s mt n nh ca n. S NGUYN L

S trn ta ghp cc IC n p vi cc cp in p ta mun u ra to thnh mt b ngun vi cc cp in p +-5V,+-6V,+-9V,+-12V

MCH IN< tin hnh v s nguyn l v mch in trn phn mm altium >