Thuyet Minh Do An Mon Hoc Chi Tiet May Diendandaihoc - VN 06515706012012

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My
B Mn C S Thit K My
N MN HC CHI TIT MY
Phn I: Tnh ton ng hc h dn ng c kh
I. Chn ng c in
1. Chn kiu, loi ng c
y l trm dn ng bng ti nn ta chn ng c: 3 pha khng ng b roto
lng sc, do n c nhiu u im c bn sau:
- Kt cu n gin, gi thnh thp.
- D bo qun v lm vic tin cy.
2. Chn cng sut ng c
Cng sut ca ng c c chn theo iu kin nhit , m bo cho khi ng
c lm vic nhit sinh ra khng qu mc cho php. Mun vy, iu kin sau phi
tho mn:
P
Pdmdc Pdtdc (KW)
Trong :
Pdmdc
- cng sut nh mc ca ng c.
Pdmdc
- cng sut ng tr trn trc ng c.

Do y ti trng l khng i nn:
P =P =
dc
dt
Plvdc -
Vi:
ng c
dc
lv
Plvct
cng sut lm vic danh ngha trn trc
S ti trng
Kbd = 1,5
Plvct - Gi tr cng sut lm vic danh ngha trn trc cng tc:
Ft .V 4750.0, 65
=
= 3, 0875 (KW)
103
103
Ft lc vng trn trc cng tc (N);
V vn tc vng ca bng ti (m/s).
- hiu sut chung ca ton h thng.
Theo bng 2.3: Tr s hiu sut ca cc b truyn v (ti liu: Tnh ton
thit k h dn ng c kh Tp 1 Trnh Cht & L Vn Uyn NXB Gio
Dc) [I] ta chn:
k = 1 ; ol = 0,99 ; brc = 0,96 ; brt = 0,97 ; x = 0,92
Plvct =
Vy ta c: = k .ol .brc .brt . x = 1.0,99 .0,96.0,97.0,92 = 0,8230

4

B Mn C S Thit K My
Suy ra, cng sut lm vic danh ngha trn trc ng c:
Plvdc =
Plvct
3, 0875
= 3, 7515 (KW)
0,8230
Vy suy ra: Pdm Pdt = 3, 7515 (KW)

3. Chn s vng quay ng b ca ng c nb
S vng quay ng b c chn sao cho:
dc
dc
T s truyn s b ca h thng: U sb =
ndb
nm trong khong t s truyn nn
nct
dng (tra bng 2.4 (I)): U sb U nd

Trong : nct s vng quay ca trc cng tc.
y l h dn ng bng ti nn:
nct =
60.103.V 60.103.0, 65
=
= 82,8025 (v/ph)
3,14.150
D
Trong : D - ng knh tang dn ca bng ti (mm)

V - vn tc vng ca bng ti (m/s)
T s truyn nn dng ca c h thng phi bao gm c khong t s truyn nn
dng ca hp gim tc v khong t s truyn nn dng ca b truyn ngoi hp.
C T
U nd = U ndX .U nd
= (1,5 5).(8 31,5) = 12 157,5
Chn s b s vng quay ng b ca ng c: nb = 1500 (v/ph).
Suy ra: U sb =
1500
= 18,1154 . Gi tr ny tho mn U sb U nd
82,8025
Vy ta chn c s vng quay ng b ca ng c l: nb = 1500 (v/ph).

4. Chn ng c
Pdmdc 3, 7515KW
Qua cc bc trn ta xc nh c:
ndb = 1500v / ph
ng c c chn phi c cng sut v s vng quay s b tho mn nhng

iu kin trn.
Cn c vo nhng iu kin trn tra bng ph lc P1.1; P1.2: P1.3: Cc thng s
k thut ca ng c, ta chn ng c 4A100L4Y3. Bng cc thng s k thut ca
ng c ny.
Kiu ng
c
Cng
sut KW
4A100L4Y3
4,0
Vn tc
quay
(v/ph)
1420
Cos
0,84
Tm ax
Tdn
Tk
T dn
84
2,2
2,0
5. Kim tra iu kin m my, iu kin qu ti cho ng c

a. Kim tra iu kin m my cho ng c
2

B Mn C S Thit K My
Khi khi ng, ng c cn sinh ra mt cng sut m my ln thng sc
ca h thng. Vy:
dc
Pmm
Pbddc
(KW)
Trong : Pmmdc Cng sut m my ca ng c Pmm = K mm Pdm

dc
K mm =
dc
Tk
- H s m my ca ng c
Tdn
Pbddc Cng sut ban u trn trc ng c

Kbd H s cn ban u (s ti trng)
T cc cng thc trn ta tnh c:
T
dc
Pmm
= K mm .Pdmdc = k .Pdmdc = 2.4 = 8 KW
Tdn
Pbddc = Plvdc .K bd = 3, 7515.1,5 = 5, 6273KW

Ta thy: Pmm > Pbd . Vy ng c chn tho mn iu kin m my.
b. Kim tra iu kin qu ti cho ng c
Nhn vo s ti trng ta thy tnh cht ti trng l khng i nn ta khng cn
kim tra qu ti cho ng c.
II. Phn phi t s truyn
ndc
1420
=
= 17,1492
T s truyn chung ca ton h thng: u =
nct 82,8025
Trong : ndc s vng quay ca ng c chn (v/ph)
nct - s vng quay ca trc cng tc (v/ph)
Ta c: u = ung .uh = u x .uh
Vi: ung t s truyn ca cc b truyn ngoi hp
uh t s truyn ca hp gim tc uh = u1.u2
u1, u2 t s truyn ca cc b truyn cp nhanh v cp chm
1. T s truyn ca b truyn ngoi hp
H dn ng gm hp gim tc hai cp bnh rng ni vi 1 b truyn ngoi hp.
dc
dc
Ft
6
3
1
5
2
Nn ung = (0,1 0,15)uh

ung = (0,1 0,15)u = (0,1 0,15).17,1492 = 1,3095 1, 6039
Kt hp vi bng 2.4: T s truyn nn dng [I] ta chn:

ung = ux = 1,5
3

uh =
B Mn C S Thit K My
n 17,1492
=
= 11, 4328
nng
1,5
2. T s truyn ca cc b truyn trong hp gim tc

uh = u1.u2
Vi hp gim tc bnh rng cn tr 2 cp, nhn c chiu cao hp gim
tc nh nht c th tra t s truyn b truyn bnh rng cp nhanh u1 theo th: Hnh
3.21 [I], tng ng vi vic tnh theo cng thc:
T s truyn ca cp chm (t s truyn ca bnh rng tr)
ba 2 .uh
u2 1, 073 3
kbe (1 0,5kbe ) 2
Trong : kbe h s chiu rng vnh rng bnh rng cn (kbe = 0,25 0,3)
ba 2 - h s chiu rng bnh rng tr ( ba 2 = 0,3 0, 4 )
Chn kbe = 0,3 v ba 2 = 0, 4 , ta c:
u2 1,32 3 uh = 1,32 3 8,5746 = 2, 7018
T s truyn ca cp nhanh (t s truyn ca bnh rng cn)

u1 =
uh 11, 4328
=
= 4, 2315
u2 2, 7018
III. Xc nh cc thng s trn cc trc

1. Tnh tc quay ca cc trc (v/ph)
- Tc quay ca trc I:
nI =
- Tc quay ca trc II:

- Tc quay ca trc III:
- Tc quay ca trc IV:
ndc 1420
(v/ph)
=
= 1420
uk
1
n
1420
(v/ph)
nII = I =
= 335,5745
u1 4, 2315
n
335,5745
nIII = II =
= 124, 2040 (v/ph)
2, 7018
u2
n
124, 2040
nIV = III =
= 82,8027 (v/ph)
ux
1,5
2. Tnh cng sut trn cc trc (KW)

- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc ng c: P =
dc
lv
Plvct
= 3, 7515 ( KW )
- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc I:

PI = Plvdc .k .ol = 3, 7515.1.0,99 = 3, 7140
(KW)
- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc II:
PII = PI . I II .ol = 3, 7140.0,96.0,99 = 3,5298 (KW)
- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc III:
PIII = PII . II III .ol = 3,5298.0,97.0,99 = 3,3896
- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc IV:

4
(KW)
B Mn C S Thit K My
PIV = PIII . III IV .ol = 3,3896.0,92.0,99 = 3, 0872 (KW)
3. Tnh mmen xon trn cc trc (Nmm)

- Mmen xon trn trc ng c:
9,55.106.Pdc 9,55.106.3, 7515
=
= 25230,1585
ndc
1420
Tdc =
(Nmm)
- Mmen xon trn trc I:

TI =
9,55.106.PI 9,55.106.3, 7140

=
= 24977,9577
nI
1420
(Nmm)
- Mmen xon trn trc II:

TII =
9,55.106.PII 9,55.106.3,5298
=
= 100453,3718
nII
335,5745
(Nmm)
- Mmen xon trn trc III:

TIII =
9,55.106.PIII 9,55.106.3,3896
=
= 260625,1006 (Nmm)
nIII
124, 2040
- Mmen xon trn trc IV:

TIV =
9,55.106.PIV 9,55.106.3, 0872

=
= 356060,3700
nIV
82,8027
(Nmm)
4. Lp bng s liu tnh ton:
Thng
s Trc
Tc quay
(v/ph)
Trc ng c
1420
Trc I
1420
Trc II
335,5745
T s truyn
1
4,2315
Cng sut
(KW)
Mmen xon
(Nmm)
3,7515
25230,1585
3,7140
24977,9577
3,5298
100453,3718
B Mn C S Thit K My
2,7018
Trc III
124,2040
Trc IV
82,8027
1,5
3,3896
260625,1006
3,0872
356060,3700
Phn II: Tnh ton thit k cc chi tit truyn ng

I. Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn trong hp
1. Chn vt liu cp bnh rng cn v cp bnh rng tr
- Do hp gim tc ta ang thit k c cng sut trung bnh, nn chn vt liu
nhm I c cng HB < 350 ch to bnh rng.
- ng thi tng kh nng chy mn ca rng,nn nhit luyn bnh rng ln
t rn thp hn rn bnh rng nh t 10 n 15 n v cng.
H1 H 2 + (10 15 ) HB
- Da vo bng 6.1, [I]: C tnh ca mt s vt liu ch to bnh rng, ta chn:

Cp bnh rng cn:
6

Loi bnh
B Mn C S Thit K My
rn
Gii hn bn
b (MPa)
Gii hn chy
ch (MPa)
HB 241285
850
580
HB 192240
750
450
rn
Gii hn bn
b (MPa)
Gii hn chy
ch (MPa)
HB 192240
750
450
HB 170217
600
340
Nhit luyn
Thp 45 ti
ci thin
Thp 45 ti
Bnh ln
ci thin
Cp bnh rng tr:
Bnh nh
Loi bnh
Nhit luyn
Thp 45 ti
ci thin
Thp 45
thng ha
Bnh nh
Bnh ln
2. Xc nh ng sut cho php

ng sut tip xc cho php [ H ] v ng sut un cho php xc nh theo cc
cng thc sau:
[ H ] =
[ F ] =
Ho lim
SH
Fo lim
SF
Z R ZV K XH K HL
(1)
YR Z S K XF K FC K FL
(2)
Trong :
ZR H s xt n nhm mt rng lm vic.
ZV H s xt n nh hng ca vn tc vng.
KXH - H s xt n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng.
YR - H s xt n nh hng ca nhm mt ln chn rng.
YS - H s xt n nhy ca vt liu vi tp trung ng sut.
KXF - H s xt n kch thc bnh rng nh hng n bn un.
Chn s b: Z R ZV K XH = 1 v YR Z S K XF = 1 nn cc cng thc (1), (2) tr
thnh:
[ H ] =
[ F ] =
Ho lim
SH
Fo lim
SF
K HL
(3)
K FC K FL
(4)
Trong :
0
0
H lim v F lim : ln lt l ng sut tip xc cho php v ng sut un cho
php ng vi s chu k c s.
7

B Mn C S Thit K My
Gi tr ca chng c tra trong bng 6.2, [I]. V ta chn vt liu bnh rng l
thp 45 thng ha hay ti ci thin nn:
H0 lim = 2 HB + 70
(MPa)
F0 lim = 1,8 HB
(MPa)
Vy:
- Trong b truyn bnh rng cn:
H0 lim1 = 2 HB1 + 70 = 2.245 + 70 = 560
Bnh nh:
(MPa)
F0 lim1 = 1,8 HB1 = 1,8.245 = 441

H0 lim 2 = 2 HB2 + 70 = 2.230 + 70 = 530
F0 lim 2 = 1,8 HB2 = 1,8.230 = 414
(MPa)
- Trong b truyn bnh rng tr:

H0 lim3 = 2 HB3 + 70 = 2.215 + 70 = 500
Bnh nh:
(MPa)
Bnh ln:
= 1,8 HB3 = 1,8.215 = 387

H0 lim 4 = 2 HB4 + 70 = 2.200 + 70 = 470
F0 lim 4 = 1,8 HB4 = 1,8.200 = 360
0
F lim3
Bnh ln:
(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
KFC: H s xt n nh hng ca vic t ti.

V h dn ng ta thit k, ti c t mt pha (b truyn quay 1 chiu)
> KFC = 1
KHL,FL: H s tui th, xt n nh hng ca thi hn phc v v ch ti
trng, c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
K HL = mH
N HO
N HE
(5) ;
K FL = mF
N FO
N FE
(6)
Vi:
- mH, mF: bc ca ng cong mi khi th v tip xc v un.
V vt liu ta chn lm bnh rng c HB < 350 nn: mH = mF = 6
- NHO: s chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v tip xc.
2,4
N HO = 30 H HB
(HHB rn Brinen)
- B truyn bnh rng cn:
Chn rn: bnh nh HB1=245 ; bnh ln HB2=230, khi :
NHO1 = 30.2452,4 = 1,63.107
NHO2 = 30.2302,4 = 1,39.107
- B truyn bnh rng tr:
Chn rn: bnh nh HB3 = 215 ; bnh ln HB4 = 200, khi :
NHO3 = 30.2152,4 = 1,19.107
NHO4 = 30.2002,4 = 0,99.107
- NFO: s chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v un
Vi tt c cc loi thp th: NFO = 4.106
- NHE, NFE: s chu k thay i ng sut tng ng.

B Mn C S Thit K My
V y b truyn chu ti ng tnh, nn theo [I] th:
NHE = NFE = N = 60.c.n.t
Vi: c, n, t ln lt l s ln n khp trong mt vng quay, s vng quay trong
1 pht v tng s gi lm vic ca bnh rng ang xt.
Ta c:
c=1
4
1
t = 7.365. .24. = 16352h
5
3
- Trong b truyn bnh rng cn:

Bnh nh c: n1 = 1420 (v/ph) nn:
N HE1 = N FE1 = 60.1.1420.16352 = 1,39.109
Bnh ln c: n2 = 335,5745 (v/ph) nn:
N HE 2 = N FE 2 = 60.1.335,5745.16352 = 0,33.109
- Trong b truyn bnh rng tr:
Bnh nh c: n3 = 335,5745 (v/ph) nn:
N HE 3 = N FE 3 = 60.1.335, 5745.16352 = 0,33.109
Bnh ln c: n4 = 124,2040 (v/ph) nn:
N HE 4 = N FE 4 = 60.1.124, 2040.16352 = 0,12.109
Vy:
- B truyn bnh rng cn cp nhanh c:
N HE1 = 1,39.109 > N HO1 = 1, 63.107 > ly N HE1 = N HO1

Vy t (5) > KHL1 = 1.
N FE1 = 1,39.109 > N FO1 = 4.106 > ly N FE1 = N FO1

Vy t (6) > KFL1 = 1.
N HE 2 = 33.107 > N HO 2 = 1,39.107 > ly N HE 2 = N HO 2

Vy t (5) > KHL2 = 1.
N FE 2 = 33.10 7 > N FO 2 = 4.106 > ly N FE 2 = N FO 2

Vy t (6) > KFL2 = 1.
- B truyn bnh rng tr cp chm c:
N HE 3 = 33.107 > N HO 3 = 1,19.107 > ly N HE 3 = N HO 3

Vy t (5) > KHL3 = 1.
N FE 3 = 33.10 7 > N FO 3 = 4.10 6 > ly N FE 3 = N FO 3

Vy t (6) > KFL3 = 1.
N HE 4 = 12.107 > N HO 4 = 0, 99.107 > ly N HE 4 = N HO 4

Vy t (5) > KHL4 = 1.
N FE 4 = 12.10 7 > N FO 4 = 4.106 > ly N FE 4 = N FO 4

Vy t (6) > KFL4 = 1.
SH,SF: H s an ton khi tnh v tip xc v un, tra bng 6.2, [I] ta c ng vi
vt liu chn th: SH = 1,1; SF = 1,75
9

B Mn C S Thit K My
T ta xc nh c s b ng sut cho php ca bnh rng.
- B truyn bnh rng cn (cp nhanh):
Ho lim1
[ H 1 ] =
[ F 1 ] =
K HL1 =
SH
Fo lim1
[ H 2 ] =
560
.1 = 509, 09
1,1
441
.1.1 = 252
1, 75
(MPa)
530
.1 = 481,82
1,1
(MPa)
K FC K FL1 =
SF
Ho lim 2
SH
Fo lim 2
K HL 2 =
(MPa)
414
.1.1 = 236,57
(MPa)
SF
1, 75
Vi cp nhanh, ta s dng b truyn bnh rng cn rng thng. D bnh rng
cn rng thng c kh nng ti nh hn so vi rng khng thng, lm vic n hn
song nng sut ch to cao hn, t nhy vi sai s ch to v lp rp.
V vy, ng sut tip xc cho php l: [ H ] = [ H 2 ] = 481,82 (MPa).V
[ H 1 ] > [ H 2 ] .
ng sut tip xc cho php khi qu ti:
(MPa)
[ H ]max = 2,8 ch 2 = 2,8.450 = 1260
ng sut un cho php khi qu ti (vt liu c HB<350) l:
[ F 1 ]max = 0,8 ch1 = 0,8.580 = 464
(MPa)
[ F 2 ] =
K FC K FL 2 =
[ F 2 ]max = 0,8 ch 2 = 0,8.450 = 360
(MPa)
- B truyn bnh rng tr (cp chm):
[ H 3 ] =
[ F 3 ] =
[ H 4 ] =
Ho lim3
K HL 3 =
SH
Fo lim3
SF
K FC K FL 3 =
Ho lim 4
SH
Fo lim 4
500
.1 = 454,55
1,1
K HL 4 =
387
.1.1 = 221,14
1, 75
470
.1 = 427, 27
1,1
(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
360
.1.1 = 205, 71
(MPa)
SF
1, 75
Vi b truyn cp chm, bnh rng tr rng nghing, thi:
- ng sut tip xc cho php l:
[ ] + [ H 4 ] = 454,55 + 427, 27 = 440,91
[ H ]' = H 3
(Mpa)
2
2
Ta thy [ H ]' tha mn iu kin: [ H ]' 1, 25 [ H ]min = 1, 25 [ H 4 ]
- ng sut tip xc cho php khi qu ti:
[ F 4 ] =
10
K FC K FL 4 =
[ H ] 'max = 2,8 ch 4 = 2,8.427, 27 = 1196,36

- ng sut un cho php khi qu ti:
[ F 3 ]max = 0,8 ch3 = 0,8.450 = 360
[ F 4 ]max = 0,8 ch 4 = 0,8.340 = 272
B Mn C S Thit K My
(Mpa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
3. Tnh ton truyn ng bnh rng cn rng thng (cp nhanh)

a) Xc nh chiu di cn ngoi (ca bnh cn ch ng, c xc nh theo bn
tip xc)
T1.K H
Re = K R u 2 + 1. 3
(7)
2
(1 Kbe ).Kbe .u1.[ H ]
Trong :
- KR = 0,5Kd H s ph thuc vo vt liu bnh rng v loi rng. V b truyn
cp nhanh l truyn ng bnh rng cn rng thng bng thp nn: Kd = 100 MPa1/3
> KR = 0,5Kd = 0,5.100 MPa1/3 = 50 MPa1/3
- K H - H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh rng
bnh rng cn.
- Kbe H s chiu rng vnh rng.
K be =
b
= 0, 25...0,3
Re
Trong cc bc tnh trn ta chn Kbe = 0,3

T
K be .u1 0,3.4, 2315

=
= 0, 75
2 K be
2 0,3
B truyn ta thit k thuc dng s I trong ti liu [I], trc lp trn bi,
rn mt rng HB < 350, loi rng l rng thng nn theo [I], bng 6.21 Tr s ca
cc h s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh rng trong b truyn bnh
rng cn, ta c: K H = 1,3
(Nmm)
- T1 mmen xon trn trc bnh ch ng.
T1 = 24977,9577 (Nmm)
- [ H ] - ng sut tip xc cho php.
[ H ] = 481,82 (MPa)
Thay cc i lng trn vo cng thc (7), ta c:
24977, 9577.1, 3
Re = 50 4, 2315 2 + 1. 3
= 117, 38 mm
(1 0, 3).0, 3.4, 2315.481,82 2
b)Xc nh cc thng s n khp
Khi xc nh mun v s rng cn ch :
- trnh ct chn rng, s rng ti thiu ca bnh rng tr rng thng tng
ng vi bnh rng cn: ZV 1 Z min = 17 , trong :
Z1
Vi bnh rng cn rng thng: ZV 1 =
cos1
- rng bn un, th mun vng ngoi:
11

mte
b
10
B Mn C S Thit K My
vi b = Kbe.Re
Quan tm ti 2 im va nu, ta tin hnh chn m v Z nh sau:

Xc nh s rng bnh 1 (bnh nh)
T1.K H
Ta c: de1 = K d . 3
(8)
2
(1 Kbe ).Kbe .u1.[ H ]
Theo (7) d e1 =
K d .Re
KR. u +1
2
1
2 Re
u +1
2
1
2.117,38
4, 23152 + 1
= 54
(mm)
Kt hp de1 = 54 mm vi cc d kin bnh rng cn rng thng v t s truyn

u = 4,2315, tra bng 6.22, [I] ta c s rng Z1p = 16
V rn mt rng H1, H2 < HB 350 Z1 = 1,6.Z1p = 1,6.16 = 26
Xc nh ng knh trung bnh dm1 v mun trung bnh
ng knh trung bnh: dm1 = (1 - 0,5Kbe)de1
(9)
= (1 - 0,5.0,3).54 = 45,9 (mm)
d m1
(10)
Mun trung bnh: mtm =
Z1
mtm =
45, 9
= 1, 77
26
(mm)
Xc nh mun
Mun vng ngoi, bnh rng cn rng thng theo cng thc (6.56), [I] ta c:
mte =
mtm
1, 77
=
= 2, 08
1 0,5 K be 1 05.0,3
(mm)
T bng 6.8, [I]: Tr s tiu chun ca mun, ta chn mte theo gi tr tiu chun
mte = 2.
T mte = 2 ta tnh li mtm suy t cng thc trn v dm1 suy t cng thc (10). Ta
c: mtm = (1 - 0,5.0,3).2 =1,7 (mm)
d
45, 9
Z1 = m1 =
= 27 . Vy Z1 = 27 rng.
1, 7
mtm
Xc nh s rng bnh 2 (bnh ln) v gc cn chia
- S rng bnh ln: Z2 = u1.Z1 = 4,2315.27 = 114,25. Ly Z2 = 114 rng.
Z
114
= 4, 22
T s truyn thc t: u = 2 =
Z1 27
Z1
28
= 13,32o
= acrtg
118
Z2
- Gc cn chia: 1 = acrtg
2 = 90o 1 = 90o 13,349o = 76, 68o

Theo bng 6.20, [I], vi Z1 = 27, ta chn h s dch chnh u:
x1 = 0,35 ;
x2 = - 0,35
Chiu di cn ngoi:
R e = 0,5.mte . Z12 + Z 22 = 0,5.2. 27 2 + 1142 = 117,15
12
(mm)
B Mn C S Thit K My
c) Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc

ng sut tip xc xut hin trn mt rng bnh rng cn phi tha mn iu kin
2.T1 K H u12 + 1
[ H ]
sau: H = Z M Z H Z .
(11)
0,85.bd m21.u1
Trong :
- ZM:
H s k n c tnh vt liu ca cc bnh rng n khp
Tra bng 6.5, [I], v vt liu bnh nh v bnh ln u lm bng thp nn
chn ZM = 274 MPa1/3.
- ZH:
H s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc, tr s ca ZH c tra trong
bng 6.12, [I]
Tra bng 6.12, [I] vi x1 + x2 = 0, gc nghing = m = 0 ta c ZH = 1,76
H s k n s trng khp ca rng
- Z :
V y thit k bnh rng cn rng thng, nn theo cng thc 6.59a [I], ta
4
3
c: Z =
Vi: : H s trng khp ngang, c tnh theo cng thc sau:
1
1
1
1
0
+ .cos m = 1,88 3, 2 +
.cos0 = 1, 73
27 114
Z1 Z 2
= 1,88 3, 2
Z =
- KH:
4 1, 73
= 0,87
3
H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc
K H = K H .K H .K HV
Trong :
+) K H : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng
vnh rng.
Theo phn trn K H = 1,3
+) K H : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc i
rng ng thi n khp.
Vi bnh rng cn rng thng: K H = 1
+) K HV : H s k n ti trng ng xut hin trong vng n khp.
Theo cng thc 6.63, [I], ta c:
K HV = 1 +
Trong :
13
vH bd m1
2T1 K H K H
vH = H .g o .v.
d m1. ( u1 + 1)
u1

B Mn C S Thit K My
Vi: dm1 ng knh trung bnh ca bnh cn nh
dm1 = 45,9 (mm)
v vn tc vng bnh cn nh
.d m1n1 3,14.45,9.1420
=
= 3, 41 m/s
v=
3
3
60.10
60.10
Theo bng 6.13, [I], do v =3,41 m/s < 4, nn ta chn cp chnh xc 8.

Cng theo bng 6.15, [I], ta c: H = 0, 006
Theo bng 6.16, [I], ta c go = 56
Trong : go h s k n nh hng ca sai lch bc rng.
H - h s k n nh hng ca sai s n khp.
45,9. ( 4, 22 + 1)
= 8, 63
4, 22
- b: Chiu rng vnh rng
b = Kbe.Re = 0,3.117,15 = 35,15 (mm)
vH = 0, 006.56.3, 41.
8, 63.35,15.45,9
= 1, 21
2.24977,9577.1,3.1
K H = K H .K H .K HV = 1, 3.1.1, 21 = 1, 573
K HV = 1 +
Thay cc s liu va tm c vo cng thc (11) ta c:
2.24977, 9577.1, 573 4, 22 2 + 1

H = 274.1, 76.0,87.
= 474,81
0,85.35,15.45, 9 2.4, 22
Xc nh chnh xc ng sut cho php v tip xc
Theo cc cng thc (1) v (3) ta c:
[ H ]cx = [ H ].ZV Z R K XH
(MPa)
- Do vn tc vng: v = 3,41 m/s < 5 m/s ZV = 1

- Vi cp chnh xc v mc tip xc l 8, khi cn gia cng t nhm:
Ra = 2,5 1,25 m (tra bng 21.3 II) ZR = 0,95.
- Ta c:
de2 = mte.Z2 = 2.114 = 228 (mm)
hte = cos m = 1
(mm)
hae1 = ( hte + x1.cos m ) mte = (1 + 0,35.1) .2 = 2, 7
(mm)
hae 2 = 2.hte .mte hae1 = 2.1.2 2, 7 = 1,3
(mm)
2 = 76, 68 cos 2 = 0, 23
o
d ae 2 = d e 2 + 2hae 2 .cos 2 = 228 + 2.1,3.0, 23 = 228, 6

Ta c dae2 < 700 mm KXH = 1.
[ H ]cx = [ H ].ZV .Z R .K XH = 481,82.1.0,95.1 = 457, 729
S chnh lch gia H v [ H ]cx l:
% =
14
(mm)
(MPa)
H [ H ]cx
474,81 457, 729
.100% =
.100% = 3, 73% < 4%
457, 729
[ H ]cx
B Mn C S Thit K My
Nh vy H > [ H ]cx vi chnh lch khng nhiu (<4%) nn c th gi nguyn

cc kt qu tnh ton v ch cn tnh li chiu rng vnh rng b theo cng thc sau
(suy t 11):
2

474,81
b = K be .Re . H = 0,3.117,38.
= 37,89
457,
729
[
]
(mm)
Ly b = 38 mm
Khi ng sut sinh ra trn mt rng bnh rng lc ny l:
b
35,15
H moi = H cu . cu = 474,81.
= 456, 66
(MPa)
bmoi
38
Vy H = 456, 66 MPa <
tip xc.
[ H ]cx = 457, 729
MPa nn b truyn m bo v
d) Kim nghim rng v bn un

ng sut un sinh ra trn mi bnh rng phi tha mn iu kin bn un i
vi mi bnh rng. iu kin bn un c vit nh sau:
2 T1 K F Y Y Y F 1
F1 =
[ F 1 ]
(12)
0 , 8 5 .b m tm d m 1
Y
F 2 = F 1 F 2 [ F 2 ]
(13)
YF1
Trong :
- b: chiu rng vnh rng
(mm)
(mm)
- mtm: mun trung bnh
- dm1: ng knh trung bnh ca bnh rng ch ng (mm)
- Y : h s k n nghing ca rng
Vi rng thng Y = 1
- YF 1 , YF 2 : h s dng rng ca bnh 1 v bnh 2
Vi bnh rng cn rng thng, th s rng tng ng c tnh theo cc cng
thc sau (theo [I]):
Z1
27
Z vn1 =
=
= 27, 75
cos1 cos13, 32 o
Z2
114
Z vn 2 =
=
= 494,81
cos 2 cos76, 68o
Vi x1 = 0,35 v x2 = - 0,35
YF 1 = 3,5
YF 2 = 3, 63
Da vo cc thng s trn v tra bng 6.18 ta c

- KF: h s ti trng khi tnh v un
Trong :
15
K F = K F .K F .K FV
B Mn C S Thit K My
+) K F : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng

vnh rng.
Ta c: K be =
Suy ra:
b
38
=
= 0,32
Re 117,38
K be .u
0,32.4, 22
=
= 0,8
2 K be
2 0,32
Tra bng 6.21, [I], vi cc s liu c K F = 1, 7

+) K F : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc i
rng ng thi n khp.
Vi bnh rng cn rng thng: K F = 1
+) K HV : H s k n ti trng ng xut hin trong vng n khp.
Ta c: K FV = 1 +
vF bd m1
2T1K F K F
d m1. ( u + 1)
u
Vi: go h s k n nh hng ca sai lch bc rng.
Theo bng 6.16, [I], ta c go = 56
F - h s k n nh hng ca sai s n khp.
Theo bng 6.15, [I], ta c F = 0, 016
v = 3,41 m/s
45,9. ( 4, 22 + 1)
= 25, 02
vF = 0, 016.56.3, 41.
4, 22
Trong :
K FV = 1 +
vF = F .g o .v.
vF bd m1
23, 02.38.45,9
= 1+
= 1, 47
2T1K F K F
2.24977,9577.1, 7.1
Vy K F = K F .K F .K FV = 1, 7.1.1, 47 = 2, 5
- Y : h s k n s trng khp ca rng
1
1
Y
=
=
= 0,58
Vi h s trng khp ngang = 1, 73
1, 73
Ta thay cc gi tr va tnh c vo cng thc (12) v (13) ta c:
2 .2 4 9 7 7 , 9 5 7 7 .2 , 5 .0 , 5 8 .1 .3, 5
F1 =
= 100, 6
(MPa)
0 , 8 5 .3 8 .1, 7 .4 5 , 9
Y
3, 6 3
F 2 = F1 F 2 = 100, 6.
= 104, 34
(MPa)
YF1
3, 5
Tnh chnh xc ng sut cho php v un
T cc cng thc (2) v (4) ta c:
[ F ]cx = [ F ].YR .YS .K XF
16

B Mn C S Thit K My
Trong :
YR = 1 (Theo ti liu [I])
YS = 1,08 0,0695ln(m) = 1,08 0,0695ln(1,7) = 1,04
KXF = 1 (Do dae2 = 228,6 mm < 400 mm)
(MPa)
[ F1 ] = 252
[ F 2 ] = 236,57
(MPa)
Vy: [ F 1 ]cx = [ F 1 ] .YR .YS .K XF = 252.1.1, 04.1 = 262, 08
(MPa)
[ F 2 ]cx = [ F 2 ].YR .YS .K XF = 236,57.1.1, 04.1 = 246, 03

= 1 0 0 , 6 (MPa) < [ F 1 ]cx = 262, 08 (MPa)
Ta c:
= 1 0 4 , 3 4 (MPa) < [ F 2 ]cx = 246, 03 (MPa)
(MPa)
F1
F 2
Vy b truyn m bo bn un.
e) Kim nghim rng v qu ti
Khi lm vic bnh rng c th b qu ti (th d lc m my, hm my v,v)
vi h s qu ti Kqt = Tmax/T, trong T l mmen xon danh ngha, Tmax l mmen
xon qu ti. V vy cn kim nghim rng v qu ti da vo ng sut tip xc cc
i v ng sut un cc i.
Ta c: Kqt = Kb = 1,5
trnh bin dng d hoc gy dn lp b mt, ng sut tip xc cc i H max
khng c vt qu mt gi tr cho php:
Ta c:
H max = H K qt [ H ]max
(14)
H max = H K qt = 456, 66 1,5 = 559, 29
(MPa)
M: [ H ]max = 1260 (MPa) nn bt ng thc (14) c tha mn.

ng thi phng bin dng d hoc ph hng tnh mt ln chn rng,
ng sut un cc i F max ti mt ln chn rng khng c vt qu mt gi tr
cho php:
F max = F K qt [ F ]max
Ta c:
M:
F 1max = F 1 K qt = 100, 6.1,5 = 150,9

F 2 max = F 2 K qt = 104,34.1,5 = 156,51
[ F1 ]max = 464
[ F 2 ]max = 360
(15)
(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
F 1max < [ F 1 ]max v F 2max < [ F 2 ]max

Vy cc iu kin (14) v (15) u tha mn nn b truyn cp nhanh tha mn
cc yu cu v qu ti.
f) Cc thng s v kch thc b truyn bnh rng cn

Chiu di cn ngoi
Re = 117,15
Mun vng ngoi
mte = 2
17
mm
mm

B Mn C S Thit K My
Chiu rng vnh rng
b = 38
mm
T s truyn
u = 4,22
Gc nghing ca rng
=0
Z2 = 114
S rng bnh rng
Z1 = 27
x2 = - 0,35
H s dch chnh chiu cao
x1 = 0,35
Theo cc cng thc trong bng 6.19, [I] ta tnh c:
ng knh chia ngoi
de1 = 54
mm
mm
de2 = 228
ng knh trung bnh
dm1 = 45,9
mm
dm2 = 193,8 mm
2 = 76,680
Gc cn chia
1 = 13,320
mm
Chiu cao rng ngoi
he = 4,4
Chiu cao u rng ngoi
hae1 = 2,7
mm
hae2 = 1,3
mm
Chiu cao chn rng ngoi
hfe1 = 1,7
mm
mm
hfe2 = 3,1
ng knh nh rng ngoi
dae1 = 59,25 mm
dae2 = 228,6 mm
4. Tnh ton truyn ng bnh rng tr rng nghing (cp chm)

a) Xc nh s b khong cch trc aw
N c tnh theo cng thc:
aw = K a (u2 + 1) 3
T2 K H
[ H ] '2 u2 ba 2
(16)
Trong :
- Ka:
H s ph thuc vo vt liu bnh rng v loi rng. V b truyn cp
chm l truyn ng bnh rng tr rng nghing bng thp - thp nn tra bng 6.5, [I]
ta c Ka = 43 MPa1/3
Mmen xon trn trc bnh ch ng, Nmm
- T2:
T2 = 100453,3718 (Nmm)
ng sut tip xc cho php, MPa
- [ H ] ' :
[ H ] ' = 440,91
- u2 :
- b w:
18
(MPa)
T s truyn ca b truyn cp chm
u2 = 2,7018
Chiu rng vnh rng

- ba 2 =
bw
:
aw
B Mn C S Thit K My
H s chiu rng bnh rng
Theo bng 6.6, [I] ta chn ba 2 = 0,3

T theo cng thc 6.16, [I] ta c:
bd = 0, 53 ba 2 (u + 1) = 0, 53.0, 3(2, 7018 + 1) = 0, 59
- K H : H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh
rng khi tnh v tip xc.
Gi tr ca K H ph thuc v tr ca bnh rng i vi cc v h s bd , c
tra trong bng 6.7, [I]:
Do b truyn ta thit k c v tr bnh rng lp ng vi s 5 (bng 6.7, [I])
bd = 0,59 v H3, H4 < HB 350 nn theo bng 6.7, [I] ta tra c: K H = 1, 03 v
K F = 1, 08
Thay cc gi tr tm c trn vo cng thc (16) ta c:
aw = 43(2, 7018 + 1) 3
100453,3718.1, 03
= 138,35mm
440,912.2, 7018.0,3
Ly aw = 140 mm
b) Xc nh cc thng s n khp
Xc nh mun
Theo cng thc 6.17, [I] ta c:
m = (0, 01 0, 02)aw = (0, 01 0, 02).140 = (1, 4 2,8 ) (mm)
Theo bng 6.8, [I] ta chn mun tiu chun l mun php mn = 2
Xc nh s rng, gc nghing v h s dch chnh x
Gia khong cch trc aw, s rng bnh nh Z3, s rng bnh ln Z4, gc
nghing ca rng v mun trong b truyn n khp ngoi, lin h vi nhau theo
cng thc
aw =
mn ( Z3 + Z 4 )
2 cos
(17)
S b chn gc nghing , vi rng nghing th = 8 200.

- Chn s b gc nghing = 100, t cng thc (17) ta tnh s rng bnh nh:
Z3 =
2aw cos
2.140.cos100
=
= 37, 24
mn ( u + 1) 2. ( 2, 7018 + 1)
Ly Z3 = 37 rng.
- S rng bnh ln: Z4 = u2.Z3 = 2,7018.33 = 99,97
Ly Z4 = 100 rng.
Z 4 100
=
= 2, 7
Z 3 37
T cng thc (17) ta tnh li gc nghing :
- T s truyn thc t:
19
u2 =

cos =
B Mn C S Thit K My
mn ( Z 3 + Z 4 ) 2 ( 37 + 100 )
=
= 0,98
2 aw
2.140
= 11,480
c) Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc
ng sut tip xc xut hin trn mt rng ca b truyn phi tha mn iu kin
sau:
H = Z M Z H Z .
2.T2 K H ( u2 + 1)
[ H ]
2
bw .u2 d w3
(18)
Trong :
ZM h s k n c tnh vt liu ca cc bnh rng n khp
Tra bng 6.5, [I], v vt liu bnh nh v bnh ln u lm bng thp nn chn
ZM = 274 MPa1/3.
ZH h s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc
2 cos b
ZH =
(19)
sin 2 tw
y: b - gc nghing ca rng trn hnh tr c s
tg b = cos t .tg
Vi t v tw ln lt l gc prfin rng v gc n khp.
y b truyn cp chm l bnh rng nghing khng dch chnh nn theo ti
liu [I] ta c:
tg
tg 200
tw = t = arctg
ar
ctg
(
) = 20,37 0
=
0,98
cos
(trong theo TCVN 1065-71 th gc prfin gc = 200)
o
cos t = cos20,37 = 0,937
o
sin 2 tw = sin 40, 74 = 0, 653
tg b = 0,937.tg11, 480 = 0,19
Vy t (19) ta c: Z H =
o
b = 10, 76 cosb = 0,982
2.0, 982
= 1, 734
0, 653
Z - h s k n s trng khp ca rng

Ta c: b - h s trng khp dc, c tnh theo cng thc sau:
b .sin
b = w
mn
Vi bw = ba 2 .aw = 0,3.140 = 42mm
V b > 1 nn Z =
20
42 sin11, 48o
b =
= 1, 33
2.
B Mn C S Thit K My
- h s trng khp ngang

p dng cng thc gn ng ta c:
1
1
1
0
= 1,88 3, 2 + .cos = 1,88 3, 2 +
.cos11,48 = 1, 73
Z
Z
37
100
4
3
Vy Z =
1
= 0, 76
1, 73
KH - h s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc
K H = K H .K H .K HV
Trong :
- K H = 1, 03
K H - h s k n s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc i rng ng thi

n khp.
y l b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing nn K H c tra trong bng
6.14, [I]. tra c gi tr ca K H v K HV ta phi tnh vn tc vng ca bnh rng
ch ng, sau chn cp chnh xc theo vn tc vng, t tr s ca cp chnh xc ta
tra cc h s trn.
d n
v = w3 32
Ta c:
60.10
Vi dw3 l ng knh vng ln bnh nh, tnh theo cng thc sau:
2 aw
2.140
dw3 =
=
= 75, 68mm
u2 + 1 2, 7 + 1
d w3 n2 .75, 68.335,5745
=
= 1,33 (m/s)
Vy v =
60.103
60.103
Da vo bng 6.13, [I], do v < 4 (m/s) nn ta chn cp chnh xc 9.
Vy theo bng 6.14, [I] ta c: K H = 1,13 v K F = 1, 37
- Tnh KHV: Tr s ca KHV c tnh theo cng thc sau:
K HV = 1 +
Trong :
vH bw d w3
2T2 K H K H
vH = H .g o .v.
aw
u2
Vi:
go h s k n nh hng ca sai lch bc rng.
Do mn = 2 < 3,55, cp chnh xc theo mc lm vic m l 9 nn tra bng 6.16,
[I] ta c go = 73
H - h s k n nh hng ca sai s n khp.
Do rn mt rng bnh b ng HB4 < 350 HB v dng rng l rng nghing
nn: H = 0, 002
21

Vy vH = H .g o .v.
Suy ra:
B Mn C S Thit K My
aw
140
= 0, 002.73.1,33.
= 1, 4
2, 7
u2
K HV = 1 +
vH bw d w3
1, 4.42.75, 68
= 1+
= 1, 019
2T2 K H K H
2.100453,3718.1, 03.1,13
T K H = K H .K H .K HV = 1, 03.1,13.1, 019 = 1,19

Nn theo (18) ta c:
H = 274.1, 734.0, 76.
2.100453,3718.1,19 ( 2, 7 + 1)
= 421, 4
42.2, 7.75, 682
(Mpa)
Xc nh chnh xc ng sut cho php v tip xc

Theo cc cng thc (1) v (3) ta c:
[ H ]cx = [ H ] '.ZV Z R K XH
- Do vn tc vng: v = 1,33 m/s < 5 m/s ZV = 1
- Vi cp chnh xc ng hc l 9, chn cp chnh xc v mc tip xc l 8,
khi cn gia cng t nhm Ra = 2,5 1,25 m (tra bng 21.3 II)
ZR = 0,95
- Ta c:
ng knh chia bnh ln: d 4 =
mn Z 4
2.100
=
= 204, 08
cos cos11,48o
(mm)
ng knh vng nh rng:

d a 4 = d 4 + 2mn = 204, 08 + 2.2 = 208, 08
(mm) < 700 mm
KXH = 1
Vy [ H ]cx = [ H ] '.ZV Z R K XH = 440,91.1.0,95.1 = 418,86
(MPa)
S chnh lch gia H v [ H ]cx l:

% =
H [ H ]cx
421, 4 418,86
.100% =
.100% = 0, 6% < 4%
418,86
[ H ]cx
Nh vy H > [ H ]cx vi chnh lch kh nh l 0,6% nn c th gi nguyn cc

kt qu tnh ton v ch cn tnh li chiu rng vnh rng bw theo cng thc sau (suy
t 18):
H
bw = ba 2 .aw
[ H ]
cx
421, 4
= 0,3.140
= 42,51
418,86
(mm)
Ly bw = 43 mm = bw4
bw3 = bw4 + (5 10) mm. Vy ta ly bw3 = 50 mm.
Khi ng sut sinh ra trn mt rng bnh rng lc ny l:
b
42
H moi = H cu . w cu = 421, 4.
= 416, 47
(MPa)
bw moi
43
22

Vy H = 416, 47 MPa <
tip xc.
B Mn C S Thit K My
[ H ]cx = 418,86
MPa nn b truyn m bo v
d) Kim nghim rng v bn un

m bo bn un cho rng, ng sut un sinh ra ti chn rng khng c
vt qu mt gi tr cho php:
2 T 2 K F Y Y Y F 3
F3 =
[ F 3 ]
(20)
bw m n d w3
Y
F 4 = F 3 F 4 [ F 4 ]
(21)
YF 3
Trong :
bw = 43
mm
bw - chiu rng vnh rng
mn = 2
mm
mn - mun php
dw3 - ng knh vng ln ca bnh rng ch ng
dw3 = 75,68 mm
T2 - mmen xon trn bnh ch ng
T2 = 100453,3718 Nmm
Y - h s k n s trng khp ca rng
Y =
1
= 0,58
1, 73
Y - h s k n nghing ca rng
Y = 1
140
= 1
11, 48
= 0,918
140
YF 3 , YF 4 - h s dng rng ca bnh 3 v bnh 4

H s dng rng ph thuc vo s rng tng ng Zv3 v Zv4 v h s dch
chnh, tra trong bng 6.18, [I]. y x3 = x4 = 0
Ta c:
Z3
37
=
= 39,31
3
3
cos cos 11, 48o
Z4
100
=
=
= 106, 25
3
3
cos cos 11, 48o
ZV 3 =
ZV 4
T cc s liu trn ta tra bng 6.18, [I] ta c:

YF 3 = 3, 7 v YF 4 = 3, 6
KF - h s ti trng khi tnh v un
K F = K F .K F .K FV
Vi: K F = 1, 37 ( tra phn kim nghim bn tip xc)

K F = 1, 08 ( tra phn u)
K FV = 1 +
vF bw d w3
2T2 K F K F
Trong : vF = F .g o .v.
aw
u2
Vi: go h s k n nh hng ca sai lch bc rng.

23

B Mn C S Thit K My
Do mn = 2 < 3,55, cp chnh xc theo mc lm vic m l 9 nn tra bng
6.16, [I] ta c go = 73
F - h s k n nh hng ca sai s n khp.
Do rn mt rng bnh b ng HB4 < 350 HB v dng rng l rng
nghing nn: F = 0, 006
v = 1,33 m/s
aw
140
= 0, 006.73.1,33
= 4,19
Vy vF = F .g o .v.
2, 7
u2
4,19.43.75, 68
= 1, 05
2.100453,3718.1, 08.1,37
K F = K F .K F .K FV = 1, 08.1, 37.1, 05 = 1, 55
K FV = 1 +
Vy theo (20) v (21) ta c:

2 .1 0 0 4 5 3, 3 7 1 8 .1, 5 5 .0 , 5 8 .0 , 9 1 8 .3, 7
F3 =
= 94, 26
4 3 .2 .7 5, 6 8
Y
3, 6
F 4 = F 3 F 4 = 94, 26
= 9 1, 7 1
YF 3
3, 7
(MPa)
(MPa)
Tnh chnh xc ng sut cho php v un

T cc cng thc (2) v (4) ta c:
[ F ]cx = [ F ].YR .YS .K XF
Trong :
YR = 1 (Theo ti liu [I])

YS = 1,08 0,0695ln(mn) = 1,08 0,0695ln(2) = 1,03
KXF = 1 (Do da4 = 204,08 mm < 400 mm)
(MPa)
[ F 3 ] = 221,14
[ F 4 ] = 205, 71
(MPa)
Vy: [ F 3 ]cx = [ F 3 ] .YR .YS .K XF = 221,14.1.1, 03.1 = 227, 77
[ F 4 ]cx = [ F 4 ].YR .YS .K XF = 205, 71.1.1, 03.1 = 211,88

= 9 4 , 2 6 (MPa) < [ F 3 ]cx = 227, 77 (MPa)
Ta c:
= 9 1, 7 1 (MPa) < [ F 4 ]cx = 211,88 (MPa)
(MPa)
(MPa)
F3
F 4
Vy b truyn m bo bn un.
e) Kim nghim rng v qu ti
Khi lm vic bnh rng c th b qu ti (th d lc m my, hm my v,v)
vi h s qu ti Kqt = Tmax/T, trong T l mmen xon danh ngha, Tmax l mmen
xon qu ti. V vy cn kim nghim rng v qu ti da vo ng sut tip xc cc
i v ng sut un cc i.
Ta c: Kqt = Kb = 1,5
24
B Mn C S Thit K My
trnh bin dng d hoc gy dn lp b mt, ng sut tip xc cc i H max

khng c vt qu mt gi tr cho php:
Ta c:
H max = H K qt [ H ] 'max
(22)
H max = H K qt = 416, 47 1,5 = 510, 07
(MPa)
M: [ H ] 'max = 1196,36 (MPa) nn bt ng thc (22) c tha mn.

ng thi phng bin dng d hoc ph hng tnh mt ln chn rng,
ng sut un cc i Fmax ti mt ln chn rng khng c vt qu mt gi tr
cho php:
Ta c:
M:
F max = F K qt [ F ]max
(23)
F 3max = F 3 K qt = 94, 26.1,5 = 141,39
(MPa)
F 4max = F 4 K qt = 91, 71.1,5 = 137,57
(MPa)
[ F 3 ]max = 360
[ F 4 ]max = 272
(MPa)
(MPa)
F 3max < [ F 3 ]max v F 4max < [ F 4 ]max

Vy cc iu kin (22) v (23) u tha mn nn b truyn cp chm tha mn
cc yu cu v qu ti.
f) Cc thng s v kch thc b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing

Khong cch trc
aw = 140 mm
Mun php
mn = 2 mm
Chiu rng vnh rng
bw4 = 43 mm
bw3 = 50 mm
T s truyn
u2 = 2,7
Gc nghing ca rng
= 11,480
Z4 = 100
S rng bnh rng
Z3 = 37
H s dch chnh
x3 = 0
x4 = 0
Theo cc cng thc trong bng 6.11, [I] ta tnh c:
mm
ng knh chia
d3 = 75,51
d4 = 204,08 mm
ng knh nh rng
da3 = 79,51
mm
da4 = 208,08 mm
mm
ng kinh y rng
df3 = 70,51
df4 = 199,08 mm
ng knh vng ln
dw3 = 75,68 mm
dw4 = 204,34 mm
Gc profin rng
t = 20,370
Gc n khp
tw = 20,370
25
B Mn C S Thit K My
II. Kim tra iu kin bi trn v chm trc
26
X 4 max
X 4 min
X 2 max
2 min
1. Kim tra iu kin bi trn

B Mn C S Thit K My
gim mt mt cng sut v ma st, gim mi mn rng, m bo thot nhit
tt v phng cc tit my b han g cn phi bi trn lin tc cc b truyn trong
hp.
Theo mc 18.3.1 Cc phng php bi trn hp gim tc, [II] th vi b
truyn bnh rng c vn tc vng v 12 m/s th dng phng php bi trn ngm
du cho hp gim tc (hp gim tc bnh rng cn tr 2 cp).
Gi:
Xmax, Xmin: ln lt l khong cch t ng tm cc b truyn n mc du
max v min ca hp gim tc.
X2max, X4max: l khong cch t ng tm cc b truyn n mc du max ca
b truyn cp nhanh v chm.
X2min, X4min: l khong cch t ng tm cc b truyn n mc du min ca
b truyn cp nhanh v chm.
a). Mc du ti thiu Xmin
- Vi bnh rng cn:
X 2 min =
d ae 2
228, 6
b sin 2 + 5 =
38sin 76, 68o + 5 = 82,32
2
2
(mm)
- Vi bnh rng tr:

X 4min =
da 4
hmin
2
Trong :
Ly:
Vy:
hmin = (0,75 2)h = (0,75 2).2,25mn

hmin = 2h = 2.2,25.m = 2.2,25.2 = 9
(mm)
X 4min
(mm)
d
208, 08
= a 4 hmin =
9 = 95, 04
2
2
b). Mc du ti a
- Vi cp nhanh:
V v = 3,41 m/s > 1,5 m/s nn mc du max cch mc du min l 10 mm.
(mm)
Nn:
X2max = X2min 10 = 82,32 10 = 72,32
- Vi cp chm:
V v = 1,33 m/s < 1,5 m/s nn chiu su ngm du bng khong 1/4 bn knh
bnh rng. Tc l:
X 4min X 4max =
d a 4 208, 08
=
= 26, 01
8
8
Vy X4max = X4min 26,01 = 95,04 26,01 = 69,03
(mm)
(mm)
Mc du chung cho ton hp gim tc:

(mm)
Xmin = min (X2min ; X4min) = min (82,32 ; 95,04) = 82,32
Xmax = max (X2max ; X4max) = max (72,32 ; 69,03) = 72,32 (mm)
Ta c chiu su ngm du:
X = Xmin - Xmax = 82,32 72,32 = 10 (mm) > 5 (mm)
Vy iu kin bi trn c tha mn.
2. Kim tra iu kin chm trc
27
B Mn C S Thit K My
x1
da3
aw
dIIIsb
b
dae2
II
III
x2
Vi hp gim tc cn tr 2 cp nh hnh v, cc bnh rng khng b chm

trc th:
; x2 > (5 10) mm
x1 > (5 10) mm
Ta c:
x1 =
d ae 2
d
228, 6
79,51
b sin 2 a 3 =
38sin 76, 68o
= 37, 57
2
2
2
2
(mm)
Vy x1 > 10 mm nn bnh rng 1 v bnh rng 3 khng va chm vo nhau.
d ae 2 d IIIsb
x2 = aw
2
2
mm
Vi: aw = 140
dae2 = 228,6 mm
sb
d III
- ng knh s b ca trc III
sb
Theo cng thc (10.9), [I] ta c: d III = 3
Trong :
T3 mmen xon trn trc III ,
[ ] - ng sut xon cho php,
T3
0, 2 [ ]
Nmm
MPa
Vi vt liu trc l thp 45 th [ ] = 15...30 Mpa (ly tr s nh i vi trc

vo ca hp gim tc, tr s ln i vi trc ra).
V lc ny tnh ng knh trc khng xt n ng sut un, nn b li phi
ly [ ] thp xung kh nhiu.
28

sb
Ly [ ] = 25MPa ta c: d III = 3
x2 = 140
B Mn C S Thit K My
T3
260625,1006
=3
= 35mm
0, 2 [ ]
0, 2.25
228, 6 35
= 8, 2mm
2
2
Suy ra bnh rng cn 2 khng chm vo trc III.

Vy iu kin v chm trc c tha mn.
III. Tnh ton thit k b truyn ngoi hp: B truyn xch

Thit k truyn ng xch bao gm cc bc:
- Chn loi xch
- Chn s rng a xch, xc nh bc xch theo ch tiu v bn mn v
xc nh cc thng s khc ca a xch v b truyn.
- Kim tra xch v bn (i vi xch b qu ti).
- Thit k kt cu a xch v xc nh lc tc dng ln trc.
1. Chn loi xch
C 3 loi xch: xch ng, xch con ln v xch rng. Trong :
- Xch ng: n gin, gi thnh h v khi lng gim v khng dng con ln,
nhng cng v th m bn l mn nhanh, m mn bn l l dng hng nguy him v
thng l nguyn nhn ch yu lm mt kh nng lm vic ca b truyn xch. V
vy ch dng xch ng vi cc b truyn khng quan trng mt khc yu cu khi
lng nh.
- Xch con ln: V kt cu ging nh xch ng, ch khc pha ngoi ng lp thm
con ln, nh c th thay th ma st trt gia ng v rng a bng ma st ln gia
con ln v rng a. Kt qu l bn mn ca xch con ln cao hn xch ng, ch
to n khng phc tp bng xch rng, do xch con ln c dng kh rng ri.
29

B Mn C S Thit K My
N dng thch hp khi vn tc lm vic di 10 n 15 m/s. Nn u tin dng
xch mt dy, nhng cc b truyn quay nhanh, ti trng ln nn dng xch 2, 3
hoc 4 dy v s lm gim c bc xch, gim ti trng ng v kch thc khun
kh ca b truyn.
- Xch rng: C u im kh nng ti ln, lm vic m, nhng ch to phc tp
v gi thnh t hn xch con ln, do vy ch nn dng xch rng khi vn tc xch trn
10 n 15 m/s.
Vi b truyn xch ta ang thit k c:
- Vn tc a xch dn l khng cao: n3 = 124,204 v/ph.
Nn da theo nhng phn tch trn ta chn loi xch con ln.
2. Xc nh cc thng s ca xch v b truyn xch
a. Chn s rng a xch
V b truyn xch c ux = 1,5, loi xch l xch con ln nn theo bng 5.4, [I] ta
chn s rng a nh l: Z1 = 27 rng.
Do s rng a ln: Z2 = ux.Z1 = 1,5.27 = 40,5
Ly Z2 = 41 < Zmax = 120
T s truyn thc t ca b truyn: u x =
Z 2 41
=
= 1,52
Z1 27
b. Xc nh bc xch p
Bc xch p c xc nh t ch tiu v bn mn ca bn l. iu kin m
bo ch tiu v bn mn ca b truyn xch c vit di dng:
Pt = P.k .k z .kn [ P ]
(2.1)
Trong :
Pt - cng sut tnh ton
P - cng sut cn truyn
P = PIII = 3,3896 KW
[P] - cng sut cho php
kz - h s s rng
kn - h s s vng quay
vi:
k - h s s dng
k = k0kakckbtkkc
Z 01 25
=
= 0,926
Z1 27
n
200
kn = 03 =
= 1, 61
n3 124, 204
kz =
(2.2)
k0 h s k n nh hng ca v tr b truyn
ka - h s k n khong cch trc v chiu di xch
kc - h s k n nh hng ca vic iu chnh lc cng xch
kbt - h s k n nh hng ca bi trn
k - h s ti trng ng, k n tnh cht ca ti trng
kc - h s k n ch lm vic ca b truyn
Tr s cc h s trn c tra trong bng 5.6, [I].
- ng ni tm 2 a xch so vi ng nm ngang l 00 < 600 nn: k0 = 1
30

B Mn C S Thit K My
- Chn khong cch trc a = 30p nn: ka = 1
- V tr trc khng iu chnh c nn: Kc = 1,25
- Mi trng lm vic c bi, cht lng bi trn II (t yu cu theo bng
5.7, [I]) nn: kbt = 1,3
- Ti trng l ti trng tinh, lm vic m nn : k = 1
- T l s gi lm vic/ngy l 1/3 tc l lm vic 1 ca nn: kc = 1
Vy h s s dng: k = 1.1.1,25.1,3.1.1 = 1,625
T (2.1) ta c: Pt = P.k .k z .kn = 3,3896.1, 625.0,926.1, 61 = 8, 21 (KW)
Theo bng 5.5, [I] vi s vng quay ca a nh n03 = 200 v/ph, chn b truyn
xch 1 dy c bc xch p = 25,4 mm tha mn iu kin bn mn (2.1)
Pt = 8,21 KW < [P] = 11 KW
ng thi theo bng 5.8, [I] th bc xch p < pmax
c. Khong cch trc v s mt xch
Theo trn ta chn s b khong cch trc l:
a = 30p = 30.25,4 = 762 (mm)
T ta xc nh c s mt xch x:
2a Z1 + Z 2 ( Z 2 Z1 ) p 2.762 27 + 41 ( 41 27 ) .25, 4
+
+
=
+
+
= 94,17
x=
2
4 2 a
25, 4
2
4. 2 .762
p
2
V s mt xch nn ly l s chn, nn ta chn x = 94

Vi x = 94 ta tnh li khong cch trc a theo s mt xch chn xc = 94
2
2
Z 2 Z1
a = 0, 25 p xc 0,5 ( Z 2 + Z1 ) + xc 0,5 ( Z 2 + Z1 ) 2.

2
41 27
a = 0, 25.25, 4 94 0,5 ( 41 + 27 ) + 94 0,5 ( 41 + 27 ) 2

Vy a = 760 mm
xch khng chu lc cng qu ln, khong cch trc a tnh c cn gim bt
mt lng a = 0,003a = 0,003.760 2 mm
Do a = 758 mm.
S ln va p i ca bn l xch trong 1 giy:
i=
Z1n3 27.124, 204

=
= 2,38
15 x
15.94
(1/s)
Theo bng 5.9, [I] vi p = 25,4 mm th s ln va p cho php [i] = 30 (1/s). Vy

i < [i].
3. Kim nghim xch v bn
Vi cc b truyn xch b qu ti ln khi m my hoc thng xuyn chu ti
trng va p trong qu trnh lm vic cn tin hnh kim nghim v qu ti theo h s
an ton:
31

s=
B Mn C S Thit K My
Q
[s]
kd Ft + Fo + Fv
(3.1)
Trong :
Q ti trng ph hng
Theo bng 5.2, [I], vi xch con ln 1 dy cp = 25,4 mm th:
Q = 56,7 KN = 56700 N
q = 2,6 Kg (khi lng 1 mt xch)
k h s ti trng ng
Chn k = 1,2 (ng vi ch lm vic trung bnh, ti trng m my
bng 1,5 ti trng danh ngha)
Ft lc vng
Ft =
1000 PIII
v
Vi v l vn tc trung bnh ca xch:

Z1 pn3 27.25, 4.124, 204
=
= 1, 42
60.103
60.103
1000 PIII 1000.3, 3896
Ft =
=
= 2387, 04
v
1, 42
v=
Vy:
(m/s)
(N)
Fv lc cng do lc li tm sinh ra
Fv = qv 2 = 2, 6.1, 42 2 = 5, 24
(N)
Fo lc cng do trng lng nhnh xch b ng sinh ra
Fo = 9,81k f qa
Vi: a khong cch trc a = 758 mm = 0,758 m

Kf h s ph thuc vng f ca xch v v tr b truyn.
Do b truyn xch nm ngang nn kf = 6
(N)
Vy: Fo = 9,81.6.2, 6.0, 758 = 116
Nn theo (3.1) ta c:
Q
56700
s=
=
= 19
k Ft + Fo + Fv 1, 2.2387, 04 + 116 + 5, 24
[s] h s an ton cho php.
Theo bng 5.10, [I], ng vi p = 25,4 mm v n3 = 124,204 v/ph th xch con ln
c [s] = 8,2.
Vy s > [s] (tha mn 3.1) nn b truyn xch m bo bn.
4. Xc inh cc thng s ca a xch v lc tc dng ln trc
a) Xc inh cc thng s ca a xch
- ng knh vng chia:
d1 =
d2 =
32
p
25, 4
=
= 218, 79
sin
sin
27
Z1
p
25, 4
=
= 331,81
sin
sin
41
Z2
(mm)
(mm)

B Mn C S Thit K My
Theo bng 14 4b: Cc thng s v bin dng ca xch ng con ln, [II] ta c:
- ng knh vng nh rng:
d a1 = p 0,5 + cot g = 25, 4 0,5 + cot g = 229,87 (mm)

Z1
27
d a 2 = p 0,5 + cot g = 25, 4 0,5 + cot g = 343, 66 (mm)

Z2
41
Bn kinh y: r = 0,5025dl + 0,05

Vi: dl ng knh con ln xch, tra bng 5.2, [I], ng vi p = 25,4 ta c:
dl = 15,88 mm
Vy r = 0,5025.15,88 + 0,05 = 8,03 mm
- ng knh vng y rng:
(mm)
df1 = d1 2r = 218,79 2.8,03 = 202,73
df2 = d2 2r = 331,81 2.8,03 = 315,75
(mm)
b) Kim nghim bn tip xc ca a xch
ng sut tip xc H trn mt rng a xch phi tha iu kin:
H 1 = 0, 47
kr1 ( Ft k + Fv ) E
[ H ]
Akd
(4.1)
H 2 = H1
kr 2
[ H ]
kr1
(4.2)
Trong :
- Fv: lc va p trn trn m dy xch
(N)
Fv = 13.10-7n3p3m = 13.10-7.124,204.24,53.1 = 2,37
- Ft: lc vng
Ft = 2387,04 N
- kd: h s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc dy
Vi xch 1 dy th kd = 1.
- k: h s ti trng ng
Tra bng 5.6, [I] ta c k = 1.
- kr: h s k n nh hng ca s rng a xch, n ph thuc vo Z1.
Vi Z1 = 27 th ta c kr1 = 0,4
Vi Z2 = 41 th ta c kr2 = 0,28
- E: Mun n hi
E=
2 E1 E2
= 2,1.105 (MPa)
E1 + E2
- A: din tch chiu ca bn l

Tra bng 5.12, [I] ng vi p = 25,4 mm v xch con ln 1 dy ta c:
A = 180 mm2
T cc s liu trn, theo (4.1) ta c:
0, 4 ( 2387, 04.1 + 2,37 ) 2,1.105
H = 0, 47
= 496,3
(MPa)
180.1
33

B Mn C S Thit K My
Nh vy dng thp 45, ti ci thin t rn HB210 s t c ng sut cho
php [H] = 600 MPa, m bo c bn tip xc cho rng a 1 v (4.1) c
tha mn.
Theo (4.2) ta c: H 2 = H 1
kr 2
0, 28
= 496,3
= 415, 23
kr1
0, 4
(MPa)
H 2 < [ H ] (vi cng vt liu v nhit luyn).
Vy a xch m bo bn tip xc.

c) Xc inh lc tc dng ln trc
Lc tc dng ln trc: Fr = kxFt
Trong :
- kx: h s k n trng lng xch
V b truyn nm ngang nn kx = 1,15
- Ft: lc vng
Ft = 2387,04 N
Vy Fr = 1,15.2387,04 = 2745,1 (N)
Phn 3: Thit k cc chi tit ni

I. Tnh ton thit k trc
Tnh ton thit k trc bao gm cc bc:
- Chn vt liu.
- Tnh thit k trc v bn.
- Tnh kim nghim trc v vn mi.
- Trng hp cn thit tin hnh kim nghim trc v cng. i vi trc
quay nhanh cn kim nghim trc v n nh dao ng.
1. Chn vt liu
Hp gim tc chu ti trung bnh th ta chn vt liu cho cc trc l thp 45
b = 600 MPa
thng ha c:
ch = 340 MPa
rn:
HB = 170 217 MPa
2. Tnh thit k trc
Tnh thit k trc tin hnh theo cc bc:
- Xc nh ti trng tc dng ln trc.
34

B Mn C S Thit K My
- Tnh s b ng knh trc.
- nh khong cch gia cc gi v cc im t ti trng.
- Xc nh ng knh v chiu di cc on trc.
2.1. Ti trng tc dng ln trc
Ti trng ch yu tc dng ln trc l mmen xon v cc lc tc dng khi n
khp trong b truyn bnh rng, b truyn trc vt bnh vt, lc cng ai, lc cng
xch, lc lch tm do s khng ng trc khi lp hai na khp ni di ng. Trng
lng bn thn trc v trng lng cc chi tit lp ln trc ch c tinh n cc c
cu ti nng, cn lc ma st trong cc c b qua.
a) Lc tc dng t cc b truyn bnh rng
Gi s chiu quay ca trc ng c (trc I) nh hnh v ta c s phn tch lc
vi chiu nghing hp l ca b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing.
B truyn bnh rng cn rng thng
Lc vng:
Ft1 =
2T1 2.24977,9577
=
= 1019
d m1
49
Ft 2 Ft1 = 1019
(N)
(N)
Lc hng tm:
Fr1 = Ft1tgcos1 = 1019,5.tg20o cos13,349o = 361
(N)
(N)
Lc dc trc:
Fr 2 = Ft 2tgcos2 = 972,91.tg20o cos76,651o = 82

Fa1 Fr 2 = 82 (N)
Fa2 Fr1 = 361 (N)
B truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing
35

Lc vng:
Ft 3 =
B Mn C S Thit K My
2T2 2.100453,3718
=
= 2948
d w3
68,16
(N)
(N)
Ft 4 Ft 3 = 2948
Lc hng tm:
Lc dc trc:
Ft 3tg tw 2947,58.tg 20,56o

=
= 1142
cos
cos14,53o
Fr 4 Fr 3 = 1142
(N)
Fa3 = Ft 3tg = 2947,58.tg14,53 = 764

Fa4 Fa3 = 764
(N)
(N)
Fr 3 =
(N)
b) Lc tc dng t cc b truyn xch v khp ni

Lc tc dng t b truyn xch
Lc tc dng ln trc: Fx = kxFt = 1,15.2387,04 = 2745
(N)
Lc tc dng t khp ni
y dng khp ni trc vng n hi v n c cu to n gin, d ch to, d
thay th v lm vic tin cy (c dng kh ph bin vi ti trng trung bnh).
2T
Lc tc dng ln trc: Fkn = (0,1 0,3) Ft = (0,1 0,3) c
Do
2T
Fkn = 0, 2. c
Ly:
(1)
Do
Trong :
Tc mmen xon trn trc ng c
Tc = 25230,1585 Nmm
Do ng knh vng vng trn qua tm cc cht (c chn theo mmen xon
tnh ton Tt ca khp ni)
Ta c mmen xon tnh ton ca khp ni trc vng n hi:
(2)
Tt = K.Tc
Vi: K h s ch lm vic
Theo bng 16-1, [II], do loi my ta thit k l loi my bng ti, chn K = 1,5
Thay cc s liu vo (2) ta c:
Tt = 1,5.25230,1585 = 37845,24 (Nmm)
37,845
(Nm)
Vi Tt = 37,845 Nm th da vo bng 16-10a, [II], ta c: Do = 63 (mm)
Vy ta thay Do = 63 mm v Tc = 25230,1585 Nmm vo (1) ta c:
2.25230,1585
Fkn = 0, 2.
= 160
(N)
63
2.2. Tnh s b ng knh trc
ng knh trc th k c xc nh ch bng mmen xon theo cng thc:
dk =
Tk
0, 2 [ ]
Trong :
Tk mmen xon trn trc th k ( k = 13),
36
(3)
Nmm
B Mn C S Thit K My
[ ] - ng sut xon cho php,
MPa
Vi vt liu trc l thp 45 th [ ] = 15...30 Mpa (ly tr s nh i vi

trc vo ca hp gim tc, tr s ln i vi trc ra).
Theo cng thc thc nghim th nu dng (3) tnh ng knh u vo ca
trc hp gim tc lp bng khp ni vi trc ng c th ng knh ny ti thiu
phi ly bng (0,81,2)dc.
V hp gim tc ta ang thit k c trc I l trc u vo ca hp gim tc v n
c ni vi trc ng c bng khp ni nn ta dng cng thc thc nghim xc
nh ng knh s b ca n.
Cc ng knh tnh c nn ly trn n cc gi tr 0 v 5 dng n lm cn
c chn mt s kch thc chiu di trc.
- ng knh s b ca trc I:
dI = (0,81,2)dc
Vi dc l ng knh trc ng c 4A100L4Y3 ( chn phn I), vy theo
bng ph lc P1.7, [I] Kch thc ng hc ca ng c 4A ta c: dc = 28 mm.
Vy dI = (0,81,2).28 = (22,433,6) mm.
Chn dI = 25 mm.
- ng knh s b ca trc II ( ly [ ] = 20MPa ):
d II =
T2
100453,3718
=3
= 30
0, 2 [ ]
0, 2.20
(mm)
- ng knh s b ca trc III (ly [ ] = 25MPa ):

d II =
T3
260625,1006
=3
= 35
0, 2 [ ]
0, 2.25
(mm)
2.3. Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v im t lc

Chiu di trc cng nh khong cch gia cc gi v cc im t lc ph
thuc vo s ng, chiu di may ca cc chi tit quay, chiu rng , khe h cn
thit v cc yu t khc.
T ng knh s b d ca cc trc, s dng bng 10.2, [I] xc nh gn ng
chiu rng ln bo tng ng.
- Vi trc I c dI = 25 mm chn ln c bo = 17 mm.
- Vi trc II c dII = 30 mm chn ln c bo = 19 mm.
- Vi trc III c dIII = 35 mm chn ln c bo = 21 mm.
Ta i tnh lmki, lk1, lki, lcki v bki.

Trong :
k S th t ca trc trong hp gim tc (k = 13).
i s th t ca tit din trc trn lp cc chi tit c tham gia truyn ti trng
i = 0 v 1 : cc tit din trc lp .
i = 2s, vi s l s cc chi tit quay (bnh rng, a xch, v khp ni)
lk1 khong cch gia cc gi 0 v 1 trn trc th k ;
37

B Mn C S Thit K My
lki khong cch t gi 0 n tit din th i trn trc th k ;
lmki chiu di may ca chi tit quay th i (lp trn tit din i) trn trc k ;
lcki khong cngxn (khong cha) trn trc th k, tnh t chi tit th i ngoi
hp gim tc n gi .
lcki = 0,5(lmki + bo) + k3 + hn
(4)
(bng 10.3, [I])
Vi k3 khong cch t mt mt chi tit quay n np
hn chiu cao np v u bulng
(bng 10.3, [I])
bki chiu rng vnh rng th i trn trc th k.
Chiu di may a xch
lm33 = (1,2 1,5)dIII = (1,2 1,5).35 = (42 52,5) mm
Ly lm33 = 50 mm
Chiu di may bnh rng cn
Chiu di may bnh rng cn lp trn trc I:
lm13= (1,2 1,4)dI = (1,2 1,4).25 = (30 35) mm
Ly lm13 = 32 mm
Chiu di may bnh rng cn lp trn trc II:
lm23 = (1,2 1,4)dII = (1,2 1,4).30 = (36 42) mm
Ly lm23 = 40 mm
Chiu di may bnh rng tr
Chiu di may bnh rng tr lp trn trc II:
lm22 = (1,2 1,5)dII = (1,2 1,5).30 = (36 45) mm
Ly lm22 = 38 mm
Chiu di may bnh rng tr lp trn trc III:
lm32 = (1,2 1,5)dIII = (1,2 1,5).35 = (42 52,5) mm
Ly lm32 = 45 mm
Chiu di may na khp ni (ni trc vng n hi)
lm12 = (1,4 2,5)dI = (1,4 2,5).25 = (35 62,5) mm
Ly lm12 = 45 mm
Theo bng 10.3, [I] ta c:

Khong cch t mt mt ca chi tit quay n thnh trong ca hp hoc
khong cch gia cc chi tit quay
k1 = 815 mm. Ly k1 = 10 mm
Khong cch t mt mt n thnh trong ca hp
k2 = 515 mm. Ly k2 = 10 mm
Khong cch t mt mt ca chi tit quay n np
k3 = 1020 mm. Ly k3 = 15 mm
Chiu cao np v u bulng
hn = 1520 mm. Ly hn = 17 mm
Theo bng 10.4, [I] ta c:
Khong cch gia cc gi 0 v 1 trn trc th k (lk1)
38
B Mn C S Thit K My
- Trn trc I: l11 = (2,5 3)dI = (2,5 3).25 = (62,5 75) mm

Ly l11 = 65 mm.
- Trn trc II: l21 = lm22 + lm23 + bo + 3k1 + 2k2
= 38 + 40 + 19 + 3.10 + 2.7 = 141 (mm)
- Trn trc III: l31 = l21 = 141 mm.
Khong cch cngxn trn trc I, tnh t chi tit th 2 (khp ni) ngoi hp
gim tc n gi
lc12 = 0,5(lm12 + bo) + k3 + hn
= 0,5(45 + 17) + 15 + 17 = 63 (mm)
Khong cch cngxn trn trc III, tnh t chi tit th 3 (a xch) ngoi hp
gim tc n gi
lc33 = 0,5(lm33 + bo) + k3 + hn
= 0,5(50 + 21) + 15 + 17 = 68 (mm)
Khong cch gia cc gi 0 n tit din th i trn trc th k (lki)
- Khong cch t gi 0 n tit din th 2 (lp khp ni) trn trc I:
l12 = - lc12 = - 63 (mm)
- Khong cch t gi 0 n tit din th 3 (lp bnh rng cn) trn trc I:
l13 = l11 + k1 + k2 + lm13 + 0,5(bo b13cos1)
Vi: b13 chiu rng vnh rng bnh rng cn. Ta c b13 = 38 mm.
Vy:
l13 = 65 + 10 + 10 + 32 + 0,5(17 38cos13,320)
= 107 (mm)
- Khong cch t gi 0 dn tit din th 2 (lp bnh rng tr) trn trc II:
l22 = 0,5(lm22 + bo) + k1 + k2 = 0,5(38 + 19) + 10 + 10
= 48,5 (mm)
- Khong cch t gi 0 dn tit din th 3 (lp bnh rng cn) trn trc II:
l23 = l22 + 0,5(lm22 + b13cos2) + k1
= 48,5 + 0,5(38 + 38cos76,680) + 10 = 81,88 (mm)
- Khong cch t gi 0 dn tit din th 2 (lp bnh rng tr) trn trc III:
l32 = l22 = 48,5 (mm)
39
B Mn C S Thit K My
Hnh v: S tnh khong cch i vi hp gim tc bnh rng cn

2.4. Xc nh ng knh v chiu di cc on trc
Tnh trc I:
a). S trc, chi tit quay v lc t cc chi tit quay tc dng ln trc c v
nh hnh v di y:
Trong :
Fr = Fkn = 160 (N)
Fr1 = 361
Fa1 = 82
Ft1 = 1019
d ae1
59, 25
= 82.
= 2429
2
2
d
59, 25
M t1 = Ft1. ae1 = 1019.
= 30188
2
2
M a1 = Fa1.
(N)
(N)
(N)
(Nmm)
(Nmm)
b). Tnh cc phn lc trn cc gi

- Theo phng ngang ta c:
(o) = 63Fr + 65 X 1 107 Ft1 = 0
X1 =
107.1019 63.160
= 1522 N
65
T suy ra: X0 = X1 Ft1 Fr = 1522 1019 160 = 343 (N)

- Theo phng thng ng ta c:
(o) = 65Y1 107 Fr1 + M a1 = 0
Y1 =
107.361 2429
= 557 N
65
T suy ra:
40
Yo = Y1 Fr1 = 557 361 = 196
(N)
B Mn C S Thit K My
c). V biu mmen un Mx, My v biu mmen xon Mz
41
B Mn C S Thit K My
Mx
My
Mz
42

d). Tnh ng knh trc ti cc tit din
- Ti v tr ln 0:
B Mn C S Thit K My
M td10 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 100802 + 0 + 0, 75.301882 = 28019,5 Nmm
Vy d10 = 3
M td 10
28, 0195
=3
= 0, 0164m = 16, 4mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Trong [] - ng sut cho php ca thp ch to trc, c tra trong bng

10.5, [I]. V vt liu lm trc ta chn ging nhau u l thp 45 c b = 600 MPa nn
[] = 63.106 MPa.
Chn d10 = 25 mm.
- Ti v tr ln 1:
M td11 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 427982 + 127332 + 0, 75.301882 = 51742 Nmm
Vy d11 = 3
M td 11
51, 742
=3
= 0, 0202m = 20, 2mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d11 = 25 mm.

- Ti tit din 2 (lp khp ni):
M td12 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 0 + 0 + 0, 75.301882 = 26143, 6 Nmm
Vy d12 = 3
M td 12
26,1436
=3
= 0, 0161m = 16,1mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d12 = 20 mm.

- Ti tit din 3 (lp bnh rng cn):
M td13 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 0 + 24292 + 0, 75.301882 = 26256 Nmm
Vy d13 = 3
M td 13
26, 256
=3
= 0, 0161m = 16,1mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d13 = 20 mm.
Tnh trc II:
43

B Mn C S Thit K My
nh hnh v di y:
Trong :
Fr2 = 82
Ft2 = 1019
Fa2 = 361
(N) ;
(N) ;
(N) ;
Fr3 = 1142
Ft3 = 2948
Fa3 = 764
d ae 2
228, 6
= 361.
= 41262
2
2
d
228, 6
M t 2 = Ft 2 . ae 2 = 1019.
= 116472
2
2
d
79,51
M a 3 = Fa 3 . a 3 = 764.
= 30373
2
2
d
79,51
M t 3 = Ft 3 . a 3 = 2948.
= 116472
2
2
V: M a 2 = Fa 2 .
(N)
(N)
(N)
(Nmm)
(Nmm)
(Nmm)
(Nmm)

(o) = 48,5Ft 3 + 81,88Ft 2 141X 1 = 0
X1 =
48,5.2948 + 81,88.1019
= 1605 N
141
T suy ra: X0 = Ft3 + Ft2 X1 = 2948 + 1019 1605 = 2362

(N)
(o) = 48,5Fr 3 81,88Fr 2 + 141Y1 M a 2 M a 3 = 0
Y1 =
M a 3 + M a 2 + 81,88Fr 2 48,5Fr 3 30373 + 41262 + 81,88.82 48,5.1142

=
141
141
= 163N
T suy ra: Yo = Y1 +Fr3 Fr2 = 163 + 1142 82 = 1223

44
(N)
45
B Mn C S Thit K My

- Ti v tr ln 0 v 1:
B Mn C S Thit K My
M td = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 0
Chn d21 = d20 = 25 mm.

- Ti tit din 2 (lp bnh rng tr):
M tdT 22 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 114557 2 + 593152 + 0 = 129002 Nmm
M tdP 22 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 114557 2 + 289422 + 0, 75.1164722
= 155355 Nmm
Vy d 22 = 3
M tdP 22
155,355
=3
= 0, 0291m = 29,1mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d22 = 34 mm.

- Ti tit din 3 (lp bnh rng cn):
M td23 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 94987, 62 + 412622 + 0, 75.1164722 = 144567 Nmm
Vy d 23 = 3
M td 23
144,567
=3
= 0, 0284m = 28, 4mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d23 = 34 mm.
Tnh trc III:

nh hnh v di y:
Trong :
Fr4 = 1142
(N)
(N)
Ft4 = 2948
Fa4 = 764
(N)
Fx = 2745
(N)
da 4
208, 08
= 764.
= 79486 (Nmm)
2
2
d
208, 08
M t 4 = Ft 4 . a 4 = 2948.
= 306710 (Nmm)
2
2
Vi: M a 4 = Fa 4 .
46
47
B Mn C S Thit K My

B Mn C S Thit K My
(o) = 141X 1 48,5Ft 4 = 0
X1 =
48,5.2948
= 1014 N
141
T suy ra: X0 = Ft4 X1 = 2948 1014 = 1934 (N)

(o) = 65Fx 48,5Fr 4 141Y1 M a 4 = 0
Y1 =
65Fx 48,5Fr 4 M a 4 65.2745 48,5.1142 79486

=
= 309 N
141
141
T suy ra: Yo = Y1 + Fx + Fr4 = 309 + 2745 + 1142 = 4196 (N)

- Ti v tr ln 0:
M td30 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 0 + 1784252 + 0, 75.3067102 = 319982 Nmm
Vy d30 = 3
M td 30
319,982
=3
= 0, 037 m = 37 mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d30 = 40 mm.

- Ti v tr ln 1:
M td31 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 0
Chn d31 = d30 = 40 mm.

- Ti tit din 2 (lp bnh rng tr):
M tdT 32 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 937952 + 1080682 + 0, 75.3067102
= 301710 Nmm
Vy d 32 = 3
M td 32
301, 710
=3
= 0, 0363m = 36,3mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d32 = 45 mm.

- Ti tit din 3 (lp a xch):
M td33 = M x2 + M y2 + 0, 75M z2 = 0 + 0 + 0, 75.3067102 = 265618 Nmm
Vy d 33 = 3
M td 33
265, 618
=3
= 0, 0348m = 34,8mm
0,1[ ]
0,1.63.106
Chn d33 = 36 mm.
48

3. Tnh kim nghim trc v bn mi
B Mn C S Thit K My
Khi xc nh ng knh trc theo cng thc d j =
M tdj
0,1[ ]
cha xt n mt s
yu t nh hng n bn mi ca trc nh c tnh thay i chu k ng sut, s

tp trung ng sut, yu t kch thc, cht lng b mtV vy sau khi nh kt cu
trc cn tin hnh kim nghim trc v bn mi c k n cc yu t va nu.
Kt cu trc va thit k m bo c bn mi nu h s an ton ti cc tit
din nguy him tha mn iu kin sau:
s j .s j
sj =
s2 j + s2 j
[s]
(1)
Trong :
[s] h s an ton cho php, thng thng [s] = 1,5 2,5
sj, sj h s an ton ch xt ring ng sut php v h s an ton ch xt ring
ng sut tip ti tit din j.
1
K dj aj + mj
1
s j =
K dj aj + mj
s j =
(2)
(3)
Trong cc cng thc trn th:

-1 v -1 gii hn mi un v xon ng vi chu k i xng.
Vi thp 45 c b = 600 MPa th:
(MPa)
-1 = 0,436b = 0,436.600 = 261,6
-1 = 0,58-1 = 0,58.261,6 = 125,628
(MPa)
aj, aj, mj , mj bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut php v ng
sut tip ti tit din j. C:
minj
+ minj
aj = max j
mj = max j
(4) ;
(5)
2
V cc trc ca hp gim tc quay, nn ng sut un thay i theo chu k i

xng, do :
mj = 0
; aj = maxj =
Mj
(6)
Wj
Vi M j = M xj2 + M yj2
V trc ca hp gim tc y quay mt chiu nn ng sut xon thay i theo
max j
Tj
=
chu k mch ng do : mj = aj =
(7)
2
2Woj
Vi Wj v Woj l mmen cn un v mmen cn xon ti tit din j ca trc,

c xc nh theo bng 10.6, [I].
V cc trc y u c 2 rnh then nn theo bng 10.6, [I] ta c:
49

Wj =
Woj =
d 3j
32
d 3j
16
B Mn C S Thit K My
bt1 (d j t1 ) 2
(8)
dj
bt1 (d j t1 ) 2
(9)
dj
Da theo kt cu trc trn cc hnh v trn v cc biu mmen tng ng, c

th thy cc tit din sau y l tit din nguy him cn c kim tra v bn mi:
- Trn trc I: tit din lp bnh rng (13) v ln (11)
- Trn trc II: tit din lp cc bnh rng (22) v (23).
- Trn trc III: tit din lp bnh rng (32).
Chn kiu lp ghp: Cc ln lp trn trc theo k6, lp bnh rng, a xch, ni
trc theo k6 kt hp vi lp then.
Kch thc ca then bng c cho trong bng 9.1a, [I], tr s ca mmen cn
un v mmen cn xon (cng thc tnh trong bng 10.6, [I]) ng vi cc tit din
trc nguy him trn c tnh v ghi li vo bng di y:
Tit din
11
13
22
23
32
ng knh
trc
25
20
34
34
45
bh
t1
W (mm3)
W0 (mm3)
87
66
10 8
10 8
14 9
4
3,5
5
5
5,5
969,5
499,5
2622
2622
6276,4
2503,5
1285
6480,5
6480,5
15222,6
Vi: b, h kch thc tit din then

t1 chiu su rnh then trn trc
(mm)
(mm)
v - h s k n nh hng ca tr s ng sut trung bnh n

bn mi.
Tra bng 10.7,[I] do b = 600MPa nm trong khong 500 700 Mpa nn:
= 0, 05 v = 0
Kdj v Kdj h s, xc nh theo cc cng thc sau:
K
K dj =
Ky
K
K dj =
+ Kx 1
(10)
+ K x 1
Ky
(11)
Trong :
Kx h s tp trung ng sut do trng thi b mt, ph thuc vo phng
php gia cng v nhn b mt.
50

B Mn C S Thit K My
Do cc trc c gia cng trn my tin, ti cc tit din nguy him yu cu t
Ra = 2,5 0,63 m, v b = 600MPa do theo bng 10.8, [I], c Kx = 1,06.
Ky h s tng bn b mt trc, cho trong bng 10.9, [I], ph thuc vo
phng php tng bn b mt, c tnh vt liu.
Khng dng cc phng php tng bn b mt, do Ky = 1.
K v K - h s tp trung ng sut thc t khi un v khi xon, tr s ca
chng ph thuc vo loi yu t gy tp trung ng sut.
Theo bng 10.12, [I], khi dng dao phay a, h s tp trung ng sut ti rnh
then ng vi vt liu c b = 600MPa l K = 1,46 v K = 1,54
v - h s kch thc k n nh hng ca kch thc tit din trc
n gii hn mi, ph thuc vo vt liu trc v ng knh trc. Tr s cho trong
bng 10.10, [I].
T ng knh trc ca cc tit din nguy him, vt liu cc trc l thp cacbon
da vo bng 10.10, [I] ta c:
ng knh
trc
11
25
0,90
0,85
13
20
0,92
0,89
22
34
0,86
0,79
23
34
0,86
0,79
32
45
0,83
0,77
T ta xc nh c t s K/ v K/ ti rnh then trn cc tit din . V
theo bng 10.11, [I] ng vi cc kiu lp chn, b = 600MPa , vi cc ng knh
ca cc tit din nguy him ta tra c cc t s trn do lp cng (lp c di) ti
cc tit din ny. Ta c bng:
Rnh then
Lp cng
ng knh
Tit din
trc
K/
K/
K/
K/
11
25
1,62
1,81
2,06
1,64
13
20
1,59
1,73
2,06
1,64
22
34
1,7
1,95
2,06
1,64
23
34
1,7
1,95
2,06
1,64
32
45
1,76
2
2,06
1,64
Tit din
Nh vy ti cc tit din trn ng thi tn ti 2 yu t gy mt tp trung ng

sut, l lp c di v rnh then. Vy ta phi so snh cc gi tr ca K/ vi
nhau v K/ vi nhau v ly gi tr ln hn tnh.
Nh vy t cc s liu c ta tnh c Kdj v Kdj theo cc cng thc (10) v
(11):
Tit din
51
d (mm)
K/
K/
Kd
Kd

11
13
22
23
32
25
20
34
34
45
B Mn C S Thit K My
2,06
2,06
2,06
2,06
2,06
1,81
1,73
1,95
1,95
2
2,12
2,12
2,12
2,12
2,12
1,87
1,79
2,01
2,01
2,06
Xt i vi trc I:
- Ti tit din 13 c: Mx = 0 v My = 2429 Nmm
M 13 = M x2 + M y2 = 2429 Nmm
- Ti tit din 11 c: Mx = 42798 Nmm v My = 12733 Nmm
M 11 = M x2 + M y2 = 44652 Nmm
Xt i vi trc II:
M 22 = M x2 + M y2 = 129002 Nmm
- Ti tit din 23 c: Mx = 94887,6 Nmm v My = 41262 Nmm
M 23 = M x2 + M y2 = 103471 Nmm
Xt i vi trc III:
M 32 = M x2 + M y2 = 143095 Nmm
Vy t cc s liu c v da vo cc cng thc (6), (7) ta lp bng sau:
Tit
din
11
13
22
23
32
d (mm)
25
20
34
34
45
T
(Nmm)
30188
30188
116472
116472
306710
M
(Nmm)
44652
2429
129002
103471
143095
W
(mm3)
969,5
499,5
2622
2622
6276,4
W0
(mm3)
2503,5
1285
6480,5
6480,5
15222,6
a = m
46
4,86
49,20
49,20
22,80
6,03
11,75
8,98
8,98
10,07
Ring m = 0.
Ta c: d22 = d23 = 34 mm v ti cc tit din ny ta chn cng 1 loi rnh then
nn ta ch cn xt an ton cho tit din nguy him hn l tit din 22 (lp bnh
rng tr), do c M ln hn ti tit din 23.
Theo cc cng thc (1), (2) v (3), vi cc s liu tnh c ta c bng:
Tit din
11
13
22
52
d (mm)
25
20
34
S
2,68
25,39
2,51
S
11,14
5,97
6,96
S
2,61
5,63
2,63

32
45
B Mn C S Thit K My
5,41
6,06
4,03
V thng thng [s] = 1,5 2,5 nn vi cc gi tr ca h s an ton ti cc tit

din nguy him trn cc trc tnh trn u tha mn iu kin (1) tc l:
S [S]
Vy cc trc I, II, III u m bo bn mi.
V v h s an ton l kh ln nn c th khng cn kim nghim v cng
ca cc trc.
4. Tnh kim nghim trc v bn tnh
phng kh nng b bin dng do qu ln hoc ph hng do qu ti t
ngt (chng hn khi m my) cn tin hnh kim nghim trc v bn tnh. Cng
thc kim nghim c dng:
td = 2 + 3 2 [ ]
(12)
Trong :
M
T
= max3
= max 3
(13) ;
(14) ;
(15)
[ ] = 0,8 ch
0,1d
0, 2d
Vi:
Mmax v Tmax mmen un ln nht v mmen xon ln nht ti tit din nguy
him qu ti (Nmm);
ch gii hn chy ca vt liu trc, MPa.
a). Xt trc I
Ti tit din nguy him nht v un v xon l tit din 1 lp ln:
Ta c:
(Nmm)
Mmax = M11.Kqt = 44652.1,5 = 66978
(Nmm)
Tmax = T11.Kqt = 30188.1,5 = 45282
M
66978
= max3 =
= 83, 72
(MPa)
0,1d11 0,1.203
T
45282
= 56, 6
V = max3 =
(Mpa)
0,1d11 0,1.203
td = 2 + 3 2 = 83, 72 2 + 3.56, 62 = 128,92
Theo (15):
[ ] = 0,8 ch = 0,8.340 = 272
Ta c: t < []
Vy trc I m bo v bn tnh.
(MPa)
(MPa)
b). Xt trc II
Ti tit din nguy him nht v un v xon l tit din 2 lp bnh rng tr:
Ta c:
(Nmm)
Mmax = M22.Kqt = 109002.1,5 = 163503
Tmax = T22.Kqt = 116472.1,5 = 174708
(Nmm)
53

M
163503
= max3 =
= 60,56
0,1d 22 0,1.303
T
174708
= 64, 71
V = max3 =
0,1d 22 0,1.303
B Mn C S Thit K My
(MPa)
(Mpa)
td = 2 + 3 2 = 60,562 + 3.64, 712 = 127, 4
Vi:
[ ] = 0,8 ch = 0,8.340 = 272
Ta c: t < []
Vy trc II m bo v bn tnh.
(MPa)
(MPa)
c). Xt trc III

Ti tit din nguy him nht v un v xon l tit din 2 lp bnh rng tr:
Ta c:
(Nmm)
Mmax = M32.Kqt = 128940.1,5 = 193410
Tmax = T32.Kqt = 306710.1,5 = 460065
(Nmm)
M
193410
= max3 =
= 41, 45
(MPa)
0,1d32 0,1.363
T
460065
= 98, 61
(Mpa)
V = max3 =
0,1d32 0,1.363
td = 2 + 3 2 = 41, 452 + 3.98, 612 = 175, 76
[ ] = 0,8 ch = 0,8.340 = 272
Vi:
(MPa)
(MPa)
Ta c: t < []
Vy trc III m bo v bn tnh.
II. Tnh chn then

Chn mi ghp then bng u trn.
iu kin bn dp v iu kin ct:
d =
2T
[ d ]
dl ( h t1 )
(16)
c =
2T
[ c ]
dlt'b
(17)
'
t
Trong :
d, d - ng sut dp v ng sut ct tnh ton,
d - ng knh trc ,
T mmen xon trn trc,
54
(MPa)
(mm)
(Nmm)

B Mn C S Thit K My
b, h, t kch thc then, tra bng 9.1, [I].
(mm)
(mm)
lt - chiu di phn lm vic ca then,
lt = lt 2r = lt - b
(MPa)
[ d ] - ng sut dp cho php, tra bng 9.5, [I]
MPa
[ d ] = 150
[ c ] - ng sut ct cho php, vi then bng thp 45 chu ti trng tnh th:
[ c ] = 60...90 MPa
1. Tnh then trc I
Ta c: T1 = 30188 (Nmm)
Theo tnh ton ng knh trc ti ch lp khp ni v bnh rng cn c:
d = 20 mm
Cc kch thc ca then: b h l = 6 6 lt
Vi lt = (0,8 0,9)lm
Tra bng 9.1.a, [I], ta c:
mm
- Chiu su rnh then trn trc: t1 = 3,5
t2 = 2,8
mm
- Chiu su rnh then trn l:
- Bn knh gc ln ca rnh:
rmin = 0,16
mm
rmax = 0,25
mm
Then lp ti khp li
lt = (0,8 0,9)lm12 = (0,8 0,9).45 = (36 40,5) mm
Theo tiu chun chn then c: lt = 36 mm lt = lt b = 36 6 = 30 mm
Vy: d =
2T
2.30188
=
= 40, 25 MPa
dl ( h t1 ) 20.30. ( 6 3,5 )
'
t
d = 40, 25MPa < [ d ] = 150 MPa
c =
2T 2.30188
=
= 16, 77 MPa < [ c ] = ( 60 90 ) MPa
dlt'b 20.30.6
Vy then ti khp ni tho mn iu kin bn dp v bn ct.

Then lp ti bnh rng cn
lt = (0,8 0,9)lm13 = (0,8 0,9).32 = (25,6 28,8) mm
Vy: d =
2T
2.30188
=
= 54,89 MPa
dl ( h t1 ) 20.22. ( 6 3,5 )
'
t
d = 54,89 MPa < [ d ] = 150 MPa
c =
2T 2.30188
=
= 22,87 MPa < [ c ] = ( 60 90 ) MPa
dlt'b 20.22.6
Vy then ti bnh rng cn tho mn iu kin bn dp v bn ct.

55

B Mn C S Thit K My
2. Tnh then cho trc II
Ta c: T2 = 116472 (Nmm)
Theo tnh ton ng knh trc ti ch lp bnh rng tr v bnh rng cn c:
d = 34 mm
Vi lt = (0,8 0,9)lm
- Chiu su rnh then trn trc: t1 = 5
mm
t2 = 3,3
mm
rmin = 0,25
mm
rmax = 0,4
mm
Then lp ti bnh rng cn
lt = (0,8 0,9)lm23 = (0,8 0,9).50 = (40 45) mm
Vy: d =
2T
2.116472
=
= 76,13 MPa
dl ( h t1 ) 34.30. ( 8 5 )
'
t
d = 76,13MPa < [ d ] = 150 MPa
c =
2T 2.116472
=
= 22,84MPa < [ c ] = ( 60 90 ) MPa
dlt'b 34.30.10
Vy then ti bnh rng cn tho mn iu kin bn dp v bn ct.

Then lp ti bnh rng tr
lt = (0,8 0,9)lm22 = (0,8 0,9).50 = (40 45) mm
Vy: d =
2T
2.116472
=
= 76,13 MPa
dl ( h t1 ) 34.30. ( 8 5 )
'
t
d = 76,13MPa < [ d ] = 150 MPa
c =
2T 2.116472
=
= 22,84MPa < [ c ] = ( 60 90 ) MPa
dlt'b 34.30.10
Vy then ti bnh rng tr tho mn iu kin bn dp v bn ct.

3. Tnh then cho trc III
Ta c: T3 = 306710 (Nmm)
Theo tnh ton ng knh trc ti ch lp bnh rng tr c:
d = 45 mm
Vi lt = (0,8 0,9)lm
mm
- Chiu su rnh then trn trc: t1 = 5,5
t2 = 3,8
mm
rmin = 0,25
mm
rmax = 0,4
mm
56

B Mn C S Thit K My
Then lp ti bnh rng tr
lt = (0,8 0,9)lm32 = (0,8 0,9).50 = (40 45) mm
Vy: d =
2T
2.306710
=
= 149, 79 MPa
dl ( h t1 ) 45.26. ( 9 5,5 )
'
t
d = 149, 79 MPa < [ d ] = 150 MPa
c =
2T 2.306710
=
= 37, 45MPa < [ c ] = ( 60 90 ) MPa
dlt'b 45.26.10
Vy then ti bnh rng tr tho mn iu kin bn dp v bn ct.

Then lp ti a xch
lt = (0,8 0,9)lm33 = (0,8 0,9).50 = (40 45) mm
Vy: d =
2T
2.306710
=
= 147,52 MPa
dl ( h t1 ) 36.31. ( 9 5,5 )
'
t
d = 147, 52 MPa < [ d ] = 150 MPa
c =
2T 2.306710
=
= 55MPa < [ c ] = ( 60 90 ) MPa
dlt'b 36.31.10
Vy then ti a xch tho mn iu kin bn dp v bn ct.
III. Tnh chn ln

1. Tnh chn cho trc I
Do bnh rng lp cha nn c yu cu cao v cng nn s b chn a
cn. Cc c b tr nh hnh v di:
57
B Mn C S Thit K My
Vi ng knh ngng trc d = 25 mm, chn s b c nh 7205 (bng P2.11,

[I]), c: C = 23,90
KN ;
KN ;
Gc tip xc = 13,5o
Co = 17,90
Kim nghim kh nng ti ng ca
phn tnh trc I ta tnh c:
X0 = 343 N ; Y0 = 196 N
X1 = 1522 N ; Y1 = 557 N
Vy phn lc tng trn 2 l:
Fr10 = X 02 + Y02 = 3432 + 1962 = 395 N
Fr11 = X 12 + Y12 = 15222 + 557 2 = 1620 N
Theo bng 11.4, [I] th a cn c: e = 1,5tg = 1,5tg13,5o = 0,36

- Lc dc trc ph Fs do cc lc hng tm tc dng ln sinh ra:
Fso = 0,83eFr10 = 0,83.0,36.395 = 118 (N)
Fs1 = 0,83eFr11 = 0,83.0,36.1620 = 484 (N)
- Tng lc dc trc tc dng vo :
Fao = Fs1 + Fat = 484 + 82 = 566
(N)
Fa1 = Fs0 - Fat = 118 - 82 = 36
(N)
Vy lc dc trc tc dng ln mi :
Fao = max{Fao, Fso} = max{566, 118} = 566
(N)
Fa1 = max{Fa1, Fs1} = max{36, 484} = 484
(N)
- Xc inh cc h s X, Y
Vi 0:
Fao
566
=
= 1, 43 > e = 0,36
V .Fr10 1.395
Vy theo bng 11.4, [I], ta c: Xo = 0,4 ; Yo = 0,4cotg = 0,4cotg13,5o = 1,67

Vi 1:
Fa1
484
=
= 0, 29 < e = 0,36
V .Fr11 1.1620
Vy theo bng 11.4, [I], ta c: X1 = 1 ; Y1 = 0

- Cc h s: kt = 1 (nhit t < 100oC)
kd = 1 (ti trng tnh)
V = 1 (vng trong quay)
Ti trng ng quy c trn cc 0 v 1:
Q0 = ( X 0 .V .Fr10 + Y0 .Fa 0 ) .kt .kd = ( 0, 4.1.395 + 1, 67.566 )1.1 = 1103, 22 N
Q1 = ( X 1.V .Fr11 + Y1.Fa1 ) .kt .kd = (1.1.1620 + 0.484 )1.1 = 1620 N
Vy ta tnh chn cho 1 l chu ti ln hn.

58
B Mn C S Thit K My
Cd = Q m L
Kh nng ti ng ca :
Vi L = 60.10-6.n.Lh
Lh = t = 16352 (h)
L = 60.10-6.1420.16352 = 1393,2 triu vng.
Vy Cd = Q m L = 162010/3 1393, 2 = 14214 N = 14, 214 KN < C = 23,9 KN.
Nh vy chn m bo kh nng ti ng
ch l loi a cn c nh 7205 c cc thng s:
K
d
hiu mm
7205 25
D
D1
d1
mm mm mm
52 41,4 38
B
mm
15
C1
T
r
mm mm mm
13 16,25 1,5
r1
C
Co
mm (o) KN KN
0,5 13,5 23,9 17,9
Kim nghim kh nng ti tnh ca

phng bin dng d hoc dnh b mt tip xc, ta cn kim nghim kh
nng ti tnh ca ln theo cng thc:
Qt C0
(18)
Vi: C0 Kh nng ti tnh ca
Qt Ti trng quy c, l tr s ln hn trong 2 gi tr Qt tnh theo cc
cng thc sau:
(19)
Qt = XoFr + YoFa
Qt = Fr
(20)
Trong : Xo, Yo h s ti trng hng tm v h s ti trng dc trc, c
cho trong bng 11.6, [I]. Vi a cn mt dy th theo bng trn ta c:
Xo = 0,5
Yo = 0,22cotg = 0,22cotg13,5o = 0,92
(N)
Vy theo (19) th: Qt = 0,5.1620 + 0,92.484 = 1255,28
(N)
Theo (20) th:
Qt = Fr11 = 1620
Vy ly Qt = 1620 N = 1,62 KN kim nghim kh nng ti tnh ca chn
Ta c Qt = 1,62 KN << Co = 17,9 KN
Vy chn hon ton tha mn iu kin bn tnh.
2. Tnh chn cho trc II

S b chn a cn. Cc c b tr nh hnh v di:
59
B Mn C S Thit K My
Vi ng knh ngng trc d = 25 mm, cng s b chn c nh 7205 (bng

P2.11, [I]), c: C = 23,90
KN ;
KN ;
Gc tip xc = 13,5o
Co = 17,90
phn tnh trc II ta tnh c:
X0 = 2362 N ; Y0 = 1223
X1 = 1605 N ; Y1 = 163
Vy phn lc trn 2 l:
Fr 0 = X 02 + Y02 = 23622 + 12232 = 2660 N
N
Fso = 0,83eFro = 0,83.0,36.2660 = 794,8 (N)
Fs1 = 0,83eFr1 = 0,83.0,36.1613 = 482 (N)
- Lc dc trc ngoi: Fat = Fa3 Fa2 = 764 361 = 403 (N)
Fao = Fs1 + Fat = 482 + 403 = 885
(N)
Fa1 = Fs0 - Fat = 794,8 - 403 = 391,8 (N)
Fao = max{Fao, Fso} = max{885, 794,8} = 885 (N)
Fa1 = max{Fa1, Fs1} = max{391,8, 482} = 482 (N)
Fr1 = X 12 + Y12 = 16052 + 1632 = 1613
Vi 0:
Fao
885
=
= 0,33 < e = 0,36
V .Fr 0 1.2660
Vy theo bng 11.4, [I], ta c: Xo = 1

Vi 1:
Fa1
482
=
= 0, 29 < e = 0,36
V .Fr1 1.1613
; Yo = 0
Vy theo bng 11.4, [I], ta c: X1 = 1 ; Y1 = 0

- Cc h s: kt = 1 (nhit t < 100oC)
Q0 = ( X 0 .V .Fro + Y0 .Fa 0 ) .kt .kd = (1.1.2660 + 0.885)1.1 = 2660 N
Q1 = ( X 1.V .Fr1 + Y1.Fa1 ) .kt .kd = (1.1.1613 + 0.482 )1.1 = 1613N
60
N
N

B Mn C S Thit K My
Vy ta tnh chn cho 0 l chu ti ln hn. Q = Q0 = 2660 N
Cd = Q m L
Kh nng ti ng ca :
Vi L = 60.10-6.n.Lh
Lh = t = 16352 (h)
L = 60.10-6.335,5745.16352 = 329,24 triu vng.
Vy Cd = Q m L = 266010/3 329, 24 = 15140 N = 15,14 KN < C = 23,9 KN.
Nh vy chn m bo kh nng ti ng
ch l loi a cn c nh 7205 c cc thng s:
K
d
hiu mm
7205 25
d1
D
D1
mm mm mm
52 41,4 38
B
mm
15
C1
T
r
mm mm mm
13 16,25 1,5
r1
C
Co
mm (o) KN KN
0,5 13,5 23,9 17,9
Qt C0

cng thc sau:
(21)
Qt = XoFr + YoFa
Qt = Fr
(22)
Trong : Xo, Yo h s ti trng hng tm v h s ti trng dc trc, c
cho trong bng 11.6, [I]. Vi a cn mt dy th theo bng trn ta c:
Xo = 0,5
Yo = 0,22cotg = 0,22cotg13,5o = 0,92
Vy theo (21) th: Qt = 0,5.2660 + 0,92.885 = 2144,2 (N)
(N)
Theo (22) th:
Qt = Fr0 = 2660
Ta c Qt = 2,66 KN << Co = 17,9 KN
Vy chn hon ton tha mn iu kin bn tnh
3. Tnh chn cho trc III

S b chn a cn. Cc c b tr nh hnh v di:
61
B Mn C S Thit K My
Vi ng knh ngng trc d = 40 mm, cng s b chn c nh 7208 (bng

P2.11, [I]), c: C = 42,4
KN ;
KN ;
Gc tip xc = 14,33o
Co = 32,7
phn tnh trc III ta tnh c:
X0 = 1934 N ; Y0 = 4196
X1 = 1014 N ; Y1 = 309
Vy phn lc trn 2 l:
Fr 0 = X 02 + Y02 = 19342 + 41962 = 4620 N
N
N
N
Fso = 0,83eFro = 0,83.0,38.4620 = 1457 (N)
Fs1 = 0,83eFr1 = 0,83.0,38.1060 = 334 (N)
(N)
- Lc dc trc ngoi: Fat = Fa4= 764
Fao = Fs1 - Fat = 334 - 764 = - 430
(N)
Fa1 = Fs0 + Fat = 1457 + 764 = 2221 (N)
Fao = max{Fao, Fso} = max{- 430, 1457} = 1457 (N)
Fa1 = max{Fa1, Fs1} = max{2221, 334} = 2221 (N)
Fr1 = X 12 + Y12 = 10142 + 3092 = 1060
Vi 0:
Fao
1457
=
= 0,32 < e = 0,38
V .Fr 0 1.4620
Vy theo bng 11.4, [I], ta c: Xo = 1

Vi 1:
Fa1
2221
=
= 2,1 > e = 0,38
V .Fr1 1.1060
; Yo = 0
Vy theo bng 11.4, [I], ta c: X1 = 0,4 ; Y1 = 0,4cotg = 0,4cotg14,33o = 1,57

- Cc h s: kt = 1 (nhit t < 100oC)
Q0 = ( X 0 .V .Fro + Y0 .Fa 0 ) .kt .kd = (1.1.4620 + 0.1457 )1.1 = 4620 N
62
B Mn C S Thit K My
Q1 = ( X 1.V .Fr1 + Y1.Fa1 ) .kt .kd = ( 0, 4.1.1060 + 1,57.2221)1.1 = 3911N
Vy ta tnh chn cho 0 l chu ti ln hn. Q = Q0 = 4620 N

Cd = Q m L
Kh nng ti ng ca :
Vi L = 60.10-6.n.Lh
Lh = t = 16352 (h)
L = 60.10-6.124,204.16352 = 121,86 triu vng.
Vy Cd = Q m L = 462010/3 121,86 = 19516 N = 19,516 KN < C = 42,4 KN.
Nh vy chn m bo kh nng ti ng nhng do C >> Cd, nn ta c th
chn loi a cn nh hn l loi a cn c c bit nh 2007108 c cc
thng s:
d
D D 1 d1
B
C1
T
r
r1
C
Co
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm (o) KN KN
2007108 40 68 51 49 18 16 20 1,5 0,5 10,25 31,9 28,4
K hiu
Qt C0
cng thc sau:
(23)
Qt = XoFr + YoFa
Qt = Fr
(24)
Vi a cn mt dy th theo bng 11.6, [I]. trn ta c:
Xo = 0,5
Yo = 0,22cotg = 0,22cotg10,25o = 1,22
Vy theo (23) th: Qt = 0,5.4620 + 1,22.1457 = 4087,54 (N)
(N)
Theo (24) th:
Qt = Fr0 = 4620
Ta c Qt = 2,66 KN << Co = 28,4 KN
Vy chn hon ton tha mn iu kin bn tnh.
4. Chn khp ni
C nhiu loi ni trc khc nhau, nhng ta chn khp ni tr vng n hi v:
- C b phn n hi cho nn n c kh nng: gim va p v chn ng,
phng cng hng do dao dng xon gy nn v b li lch trc.
- Ni trc c cu to n gin, d ch to, d thay th, lm vic tin cy, nn
c s dng kh rng ri.
63
B Mn C S Thit K My
l1
l2
d1
dc
D2
l3
l
Do
dm
B
L
Trong phn thit k trc, ta c mmen xon tnh ton l: Tt = 37,845 Nm

Vy da vo bng 16-10a, [II], ta c kch thc c bn ca ni trc vng n
hi (mm):
d
dm
d1
D0
nmax
B1
l1
D3
l2
18
90
28
84
40
32
63
6500
28
21
20
20
Theo bng 16-10a, [II], ta c kch thc c bn ca vng n hi (mm):

d1
D2
l1
l2
l3
10 M8
15
42
20
10
15
1,5
dc
Kim nghim iu kin bn ca vng n hi v cht

- iu kin sc bn dp ca vng n hi:
d =
2kT
[ d ]
Z .D0 .d c .l3
Trong : [d] - ng sut dp cho php ca vng cao su, c th ly:

[d] = (2 4) MPa
k - h s ch lm vic
Theo bng 16-1, [II], do loi my ta thit k l loi my bng ti, chn k = 1,5
T = 25230,1585 Nmm
Vy:
d =
2kT
2.1,5.25230,1585
=
= 2 (MPa)
Z .D0 .d c .l3
4.63.10.15
Ta thy d = 2 MPa tha mn iu kin sc bn dp ca vng n hi.

- iu kin sc bn un ca cht:
64

u =
B Mn C S Thit K My
kTl0
[ u ]
0,1.d c3 .Z .D0
Trong : [u] - ng sut un cho php ca cht, [u] = (60 80) MPa.
l3
15
= 20 + = 27,5mm
2
2
1,5.25230,1585.27,5
= 41,3MPa < [ u ] = ( 60 80 ) MPa
Nn ta c: u =
0,1.103.4.63
l0 = l1 +
Vy cht tha mn iu kin sc bn un.
65
B Mn C S Thit K My
Phn 4: Thit k v hp v cc chi tit ph

I. Thit k v hp gim tc c
1. Chn b mt ghp np v thn
Chn b mt ghp ca v hp (phn trn ca v l np, phn di l thn) i
qua ng tm cc trc. Nh vic lp ghp cc chi tit s thun tin hn.
B mt ghp chn song song vi mt .
2. Xc nh cc kch thc c bn ca v hp
Da vo bng 18 1, [II] ta xc nh cc kch thc c bn ca v hp:
Chiu dy:
- Thn hp: = 0,03a + 3 = 0,03.140 + 3 = 7,2 mm
Vi a = 140 mm khong cch gia trc II v III.
Ly = 8 mm > 6 mm.
- Np hp:
1 = 0,9 = 0,9.8 = 7,2 mm
Gn tng cng:
- Chiu dy: e = (0,8 1) = (6,4 8) mm. Chn e = 8 mm.
- Chiu cao: h < 58 mm. Chn h = 50 mm.
- dc: 2o
ng knh:
- Bulng nn: d1 > 0,04a + 10 > 12 mm
d1 > 0,04.140 + 10 = 15,6 mm > 12 mm. Vy chn d1 = 17
mm.
- Bulng cnh : d2 = (0,7 0,8)d1 = (0,7 0,8).17 = (11,9 13,6) mm.
Chn d2 = 12 mm.
- Bulng ghp bch np v thn:
d3 = (0,8 0,9)d2 = (0,8 0,9).12 = (9,6 10,8) mm
Chn d3 = 10 mm
- Vt ghp np : d4 = (0,6 0,7)d2 = (0,6 0,7)12 = (7,2 8,4)
mm.
Chn d4 = 8 mm.
- Vt ghp np ca thm:
mm.
d5 = (0,5 0,6)d2 = (0,5 0,6)12 = (6 7,2)
Chn d5 = 6 mm.
Kch thc gi trc:
- ng knh ngoi v tm l vt: D3, D2
Tra bng 18 2, [II], ta c:
Vi ng knh l lp ln: D = 52 mm => D3 = 80 mm; D2 = 65 mm
Vi ng knh l lp ln: D = 68 mm => D3 = 110 mm; D2 = 84 mm
- Tm l bulng cnh : E2 1,6d2 = 1,6.12 = 19,2 mm. Chn E2 = 20 mm.
R2 1,3d2 = 1,3.12 = 15,6 mm. Chn R2 = 16 mm.
- B rng mt ghp bulng cnh :
K2 = E2 + R2 + (3 5) mm = 20 + 16 + (3 5) = (39 41) mm.
Chn K2 = 40 mm.
- Khong cch t tm bulng ti mp : k 1,2d2 = 1,2.12 = 14,4 mm.
Ly k = 15 mm.
66

B Mn C S Thit K My
Mt bch ghp np v thn:
- Chiu dy bch thn hp:
mm
S3 = (1,4 1,8)d3 = (1,4 1,8)10 = (14 18)
Chn S3 = 16 mm.
- Chiu dy bch np hp:
mm
S4 = (0,9 1)S3 = (0,9 1)16 = (14,4 16)
Chn S4 = 15 mm.
- B rng bch np v thn:
K3 = K2 - (3 5) mm.
Ly K3 = K2 4 = 40 4 = 36 mm.
Mt hp:
- Chiu dy khi khng c phn li: S1 (1,3 1,5)d1 = (22,1 25,5) mm.
Ly S1 = 24 mm.
- Khi c phn li: S1 (1,4 1,7)d1 = (1,4 1,7).17 = (23,8 28,9) mm.
Ly S1 = 25 mm.
S2 (1 1,1)d1 = (1 1,1).17 = (17 18,7) mm.
Ly S2 = 18 mm.
- B rng mt hp: K1 3d1 = 3.17 = 51 mm.
q K1 + 2 = 51 + 2.8 = 67 mm. Ly q = 68 mm.
Khe h gia cc chi tit:
- Gia bnh rng vi thnh trong hp:
(1 1,2) = (1 1,2).8 = (8 9,6) mm. Ly = 9 mm.
- Gia nh bnh rng ln vi y hp:
1 (3 5) = (3 5).8 = (24 40) mm. Ly 1 = 30 mm.
- Gia mt bn cc bnh vi nhau: = 8 mm. Ly = 9 mm.
II. Mt s kt cu khc lin quan n cu to v hp
a) Vng mc
nng v vn chuyn hp gim tc (khi gia cng, khi lp ghp) trn np v
thn thng lp thm bulng vng hoc mc vng. Hin nay vng mc c dng
nhiu. Kch thc vng mc c th c xc nh nh sau:
Chiu dy vng mc: S = (2 3). = (16 24) mm. Chn S = 23 mm.
ng knh:
d = (3 4). = (24 32) mm. Chn d = 30 mm.
b) Cht nh v
m bo v tr tng i ca np v thn trc v sau khi gia cng cng nh
khi lp ghp, ta dng 2 cht nh v. Nh cht nh v, khi xit bulng khng lm
bin dng vng ngoi ca (do sai lch v tr tng i ca np v thn), do loi
tr c mt trong cc nguyn nhn lm chng b hng.
Chn cht nh v hnh cn: d = 12 mm
C = 1,6 mm
l = 36 220 mm
67
Thuyt
T
Miinh n Chi Tit My
M
B Mn C S Thit
T
K My
M
c) Ca th
m
kiim tra, quuan st cc tit my trrong hp khi
k lp ghp v du vo hp
h
trn
t
nh hp
h c lm
m ca thm
m. Ca thm c y bng np. Trn np
n c th lp
thm
t
nt thhng hi. Kch
K thcc ca thm
m chn theoo bng 18 5, [II].
A
A1
B1
Vt
S
lng
100
75
150
100
1255
87
12
4.M822
d) Nt thng hi
Khi lm vic, nhit
n
troong hp tng ln. gim p sut v iu ha khng
kh
k bn tro
ong v bnn ngoi hp
p, ngi taa dng ntt thng hii. Nt thnng hi th
ng
c
lp trrn np c
a thm hoc v tr ccao nht c
a np hpp.
6l
K
M
I
A
B
H
Thuyt
T
Miinh n Chi Tit My
M
Hnh dng v kch thc nt
n thng hhi:
A
M2722
B
15
D
15
E
45
G
36
H
32
I
6
K
4
B Mn C S Thit
T
K My
M
L
10
M
8
N
22
O
6
P
32
Q
18
R
36
S
32
e) Nt th
o du
Sau mt
m thi gian lm vic, du bi trn cha trong hp b bn (doo bi bm v
v
ht
h mi), hoc
h
b binn cht, do cn phi thay du
u mi. tho
t
du c, y hp
c l tho du. Lc lm vic, l c bt kn bng nt
n tho du. Ta chnn nt tho du
d
tr
t c kt cu
c v kch
h thc nhh sau:
d
M20
2
b
15
m
9
f
3
L
28
c
2,5
D
30
q
17,8
S
222
Do
25,4
f) Que thm du
C kch thc nh
n hnh v:
5
1x45
3
L
30
18
1x45
M12

60
B Mn C S Thit K My
t
a
a = 6..9
t = 2..3
g) Vng chn du:

Vng gm 3 rnh tit din tam gic c gc nh l 600. Khong cch gia cc
nh l 3 mm. Vng cch mp trong thnh hp khong (0,51) mm. Khe h gia v
vi mt ngoi ca vng ren l 0,4 mm.
III. Bi trn ln v hp gim tc
1. Bi trn ln
Khi c bi trn ng k thut s hn ch c mi mn bi v cht bi trn
s gip trnh khng cc chi tit kim loi tip xc trc tip vi nhau, ma st trong
s gim, kh nng chng mi mn ca tng ln, kh nng thot nhit tt hn bo v
b mt khng b han g, ng thi gim c ting n.
Da vo s vng quay v nhit lm vic ca ta chn loi m tra vo ln.
Ta thy s vng quay ca khi lm vic thuc loi nh v trung bnh nn lng m
cho vo chim 2/3 khong trng ca .
2. Bi trn hp gim tc
gim mt mt cng sut v ma st, gim mi mn rng, m bo thot nhit
tt v phng cc chi tit my b hng, cn phi bi trn lin tc cc b truyn
trong hp gim tc.
Ta chn loi du bi trn trong hp l loi AK15 nht ca du 500C bi
trn bnh rng. Da vo vn tc vng v h ta chn loi du c nht l 80/11.
70

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Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

- cng sut ng tr trn trc ng c.

cng sut lm vic danh ngha trn trc

Vy ta c: = k .ol .brc .brt . x = 1.0,99 .0,96.0,97.0,92 = 0,8230

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

Vy suy ra: Pdm Pdt = 3, 7515 (KW)

dng (tra bng 2.4 (I)): U sb U nd

Trong : D - ng knh tang dn ca bng ti (mm)

Vy ta chn c s vng quay ng b ca ng c l: nb = 1500 (v/ph).

ng c c chn phi c cng sut v s vng quay s b tho mn nhng

5. Kim tra iu kin m my, iu kin qu ti cho ng c

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

Trong : Pmmdc Cng sut m my ca ng c Pmm = K mm Pdm

Pbddc Cng sut ban u trn trc ng c

Pbddc = Plvdc .K bd = 3, 7515.1,5 = 5, 6273KW

Nn ung = (0,1 0,15)uh

Kt hp vi bng 2.4: T s truyn nn dng [I] ta chn:

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

2. T s truyn ca cc b truyn trong hp gim tc

T s truyn ca cp nhanh (t s truyn ca bnh rng cn)

III. Xc nh cc thng s trn cc trc

- Tc quay ca trc II:

2. Tnh cng sut trn cc trc (KW)

- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc I:

- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc II:

PII = PI . I II .ol = 3, 7140.0,96.0,99 = 3,5298 (KW)

- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc III:

PIII = PII . II III .ol = 3,5298.0,97.0,99 = 3,3896

- Cng sut danh ngha trn trc IV:

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

3. Tnh mmen xon trn cc trc (Nmm)

- Mmen xon trn trc I:

9,55.106.PI 9,55.106.3, 7140

- Mmen xon trn trc II:

- Mmen xon trn trc III:

- Mmen xon trn trc IV:

9,55.106.PIV 9,55.106.3, 0872

4. Lp bng s liu tnh ton:

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

Phn II: Tnh ton thit k cc chi tit truyn ng

- Da vo bng 6.1, [I]: C tnh ca mt s vt liu ch to bnh rng, ta chn:

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

2. Xc nh ng sut cho php

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

F0 lim1 = 1,8 HB1 = 1,8.245 = 441

- Trong b truyn bnh rng tr:

= 1,8 HB3 = 1,8.215 = 387

KFC: H s xt n nh hng ca vic t ti.

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

- Trong b truyn bnh rng cn:

N HE1 = 1,39.109 > N HO1 = 1, 63.107 > ly N HE1 = N HO1

N FE1 = 1,39.109 > N FO1 = 4.106 > ly N FE1 = N FO1

N HE 2 = 33.107 > N HO 2 = 1,39.107 > ly N HE 2 = N HO 2

N FE 2 = 33.10 7 > N FO 2 = 4.106 > ly N FE 2 = N FO 2

N HE 3 = 33.107 > N HO 3 = 1,19.107 > ly N HE 3 = N HO 3

N FE 3 = 33.10 7 > N FO 3 = 4.10 6 > ly N FE 3 = N FO 3

N HE 4 = 12.107 > N HO 4 = 0, 99.107 > ly N HE 4 = N HO 4

N FE 4 = 12.10 7 > N FO 4 = 4.106 > ly N FE 4 = N FO 4

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

[ F 2 ]max = 0,8 ch 2 = 0,8.450 = 360

- B truyn bnh rng tr (cp chm):

Thuyt Minh n Chi Tit My

[ H ] 'max = 2,8 ch 4 = 2,8.427, 27 = 1196,36