GII TCH MCH TRN MY TNH

GV: Trng Ngc Anh anhtnspkt@gmail.com

* NI DUNG: - Gii tch mch: Tnh ton thng s, phn tch nguyn l cc mch in t trong mn hc lin quan (Mch in 1,2; in t

c bn 1,2; K thut s; Vi x l 1) Mch Tng t, mch s, Mch S + iu khin bng chng trnh (Vi iu khin). - Trn my tnh: S dng cc phn mm c sn tnh ton
v phn tch mch h tr cho vic thit k. Phn mm: 1. 2. ORCAD PSPICE (9.2) Tng t, s PROTEUS ISIS (7.4 SP3) hoc (7.6 SP4) Tng t, S, Vi iu khin

* MC CH: V S NGUYN L (V t s nguyn l c sn do ta thit k s b). PHN TCH MCH Quan st c kt qu Hiu chnh thit k theo yu cu.

* THI: - Thi vit Trnh by cc thao tc thc hin trn my, nhp cc thng s cn thit phn tch, cc loi linh kin, cng c thng s dng trong phn tch mch. - Thi trn my tnh: V chi tit v y thng tin theo mch nguyn l cho sn v phn tch mch theo yu cu. - Thi gian: 60ph - Khng c s dng ti liu.

Gii tch mch trn my tnh Trng Ngc Anh HSPKT

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PHN 1: ORCAD PSPICE

SPICE l 1 mch m phng tng t hoc hn hp gia tng t v s (Analog or Mixed A/D), c dng kim tra vic thit k mch & d on nguyn l hot ng ca mch. l 1 phn c bit quan trng trong mch tch hp (IC). ng Berkeley l ngi nghin cu ra SPICE u tin ti phng th nghim trng i hc ca California. V vy m n c tn l Simulation Program for Integrated Circuits Emphasis. SPICE c th thc hin nhng mch phn tch khc nhau, y l nhng mch quan trng nht: Phn tch mch DC khng tuyn tnh: phn tch ng cong dch chuyn DC. Phn tch chui Fourier & in p phi tuyn: tnh ton in p & dng in theo thi gian. Khi 1 tn hiu rng c s dng, phn tch chui Fourier s cho bit dy quang ph ca tn s. Phn tch ng tuyn tnh AC: phn tch ng ra theo chc nng ca tn s (bin tn, pha tn). Thit lp biu bode. Phn tch nhiu. Phn tch nhy. Phn tch bin dng. Phn tch Fourier: tnh ton v v biu ph ca tn s. Phn tch Monte Carlo. Thm vo PSpice c nhng th vin tng t v s ca nhng linh kin tiu chun (nh l NAND, NOR, flip-flops, MUXes, FPGA, PLDs, v cn nhiu linh kin s khc na). y l 1 cng c hu ch cho vic m rng ng dng s & tng t. Tt c s phn tch ny c th c thc hin nhng nhit khc nhau. Nhit mc nh 27oC. Mch in c th bao gm nhng linh kin sau : Ngun dng v ngun p c lp & ph thuc in tr T in Cun cm Cun cm ng tng h (h cm) ng truyn tn hiu Khuch i thut ton Cng tc Diode Transistor lng cc Transistor MOS JFET MOSFET Cng s V nhng linh kin khc
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Gii tch mch trn my tnh Trng Ngc Anh HSPKT

BI 1: V S NGUYN L C H TR PHN TCH (PSPICE)

1. V S NGUYN L: - Yu cu: V mch in sau v tnh ton cc gi tr dng i qua cc nhnh v in p ti cc nt.
R1 1k R2 2K R5 100 R6 680 R7 5K V1 R3 220 R4 330 R8 3.5K

12Vdc

Hnh 1.1: Mch in trong thc t.

* Trnh t cc thao tc: Bc 1: To file s nguyn l c h tr phn tch (PSPICE). 1. File New Project

Hnh 1.2

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2. Nhp tn file (<255 k t), chn ch c h tr phn tch (Analog or Mixed A/D), nhp ng dn ni lu file.

Hnh 1.3
3. Chn Create a blank project (To mt d n thit k mi hon ton) OK.

Hnh 1.4
Bc 2: Ly linh kin c h tr phn tch (chn cc th vin trong th mc
PSPICE).

* Mt s th vin c bn: (V d trong mch in tr c 2 linh kin: in tr v ngun in mt chiu) (1) (2) ANALOG: R, C, L SOURCE: (NGUN TN HIU) a. VDC: Ngun 1 chiu. b. VSIN: Ngun tn hiu sin.

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c. VAC: Ngun xoay chiu. * Qui trnh: 1. Chn Hoc Menu Place Part Phm tt: P hay Shift + P

Hoc

Biu tng (shortcut):

Hnh 1.5
2. Chn Add Library (thm th vin) Chn th vin Anlalog Nhp R vo mc Part chn linh kin.

Hnh 1.6

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Bc 3: Sp xp linh kin. - Sp xp linh kin ngay khi ly linh kin. Hoc - Di chuyn (Drag & Grop Ko v th).

Cng c l: Select - Xoay Rotate : Phm tt R hoc nhp phi chut Chn Rotate.

Bc 4: Ni dy. - Cng c Wire W

Bc 5: t thng s cho linh kin. * Mt s nguyn tc ghi gi tr: - k,K: - Meg: - G: - T: kilo Mega Giga Tera (E3) (E6) (E9) (E12) - m,M: - u: - p: - n: - f: VD: R (-ohm) C (F Farad) 100 10u 100 ohm 10uF mili micro - pico nano femto (E-3) (E-6) (E-9) (E-12) (E-15)

- ng vi tng linh kin th ta c n v chun m khng cn ghi ra.

VD: 1 t in c gi tr 225 picofarad c biu din: 225P, 225p, 225pF, 225pFarad, 225E-12, 0.225N

- Nguyn tc c bn: Cn g th chn .

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Bc 6: Phn tch.

Hnh 1.7 Thanh cng c phn tch mch.

* Qui trnh: 1. To ch phn tch mi. Chn biu tng : New Simulation Profile 2. t tn phn tch ty . VD: Tinh dong ap Chn Create.

Hnh 1.8

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3. Chn ch phn tch: BIAS POINT (Tnh ton tt c thng s dng v p trong mch).

Hnh 1.9

4. Chy phn tch Chn Run PSPICE 5. Quan st kt qu phn tch.

- Ch BIAS POINT Xem kt qu trang v s nguyn l.

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2. CCH NHN DNG LI KHNG NI DY HOC THIU GND:

Hnh 1.11 Thng bo li khi phn tch.

- nhn bit c li ta quan st trong trang thng tin li.

Hnh 1.12 Thng tin li chi tit.

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- Ta phn tch 2 dng lnh sau:

Trong : R _ R1, R2 : Loi linh kin. : Du cch (loi linh kin v tn linh kin). : Tn linh kin. : L im ni ca 2 chn ca in tr do phn mm t gn s.

N00215, N00249 1k, 2K

: Gi tr ca linh kin.

* Nhn xt: Theo cch ghi nh trn ta thy 2 linh kin c cng s th t chn nn 2 linh kin ny s c ni song song vi nhau. y chnh l nguyn tc m phn mm hiu c nguyn l ca mch thng qua dng lnh. Nh vy: Vi thng tin li (ERROR Node N00215 is floating) ngha l b li ti 1 chn ca in tr R1 hoc R2.

Kt lun: Trong trng hp ny ta quan st trong mch nguyn l nu khng b li cha ni dy th y chnh l trng hp mch thiu GND. V PSPICE cho rng ngun VDC ch c dng ngun v m ngun khng c GND nn h mch.
3. VN GND TRONG MCH:

TRONG BT C MCH IN PHN TCH NO TH CHNG TRNH PSPICE LUN YU CU PHI C MASS (GND) CA TN HIU.
- Chn menu Place Ground (phm tt G) Hoc - Chn biu tng 0/SOURCE.

Hnh 1.13
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R1 1k R2 2K R5 100 R6 680 R7 5K V1 R3 220 R4 330 R8 3.5K

12Vdc

Hnh 1.14 Mch sau khi thm GND.

R1 1.696mA 1k R2 848.1uA 2K R5 120.0mA 100 R6 17.65mA 680 12.00V V1 142.6mA 12Vdc R7 5K 2.400mA R3 220 2.544mA 9.744V 10.30V R4 330 2.544mA 2.544mA R8 3.5K

Hnh 1.15 Kt qu sau khi phn tch Bias Point (hin th in p v dng)

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4. MT S TH VIN THNG DNG:

ANALOG: cha nhng linh kin th ng (R,L,C), h cm , dy dn

in sng, ngun dng v ngun p ph thuc (in p ph thuc ngun p E, dng in ph thuc ngun dng F , in p ph thuc ngun dng G v dng in ph thuc ngun p H).

SOURE: cung cp nhng ngun dng v ngun p khc nhau nh:

Vdc, Idc, Vac, Iac, Vsin, Vexp, pulse, piecewise linear v.v c lt qua th vin thy nhng gi tr thch hp.

SOURCSTM: cung cp nhng ngun tn hiu cho phn tch s. EVAL: cung cp diode (D), transistors lng cc (Q), MOS
transistors, JFETs(J.) opamp thc t nh 4741, cng tc (SWtClose, SW-tOpen), nhng cng s & nhng linh kin khc nhau.

ABM: cha nhng php ton ng dng nh l: php nhn

(MULT), php tng (SUM), cn bc hai (SWRT), Laplace (LAPLACE), arctan (ARCTAN), v nhiu hn na.

SPECIAL: cha nhng linh kin trng thi khc nhau nh PARAM,
NODESET, v.v

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5. CC PHM TT THNG S DNG KHI V MT S NGUYN L: Phm R,H,V: xoay linh kin. Phm I : Phng to bn v. Phm O: Thu nh bn v. Phm T: Bin son vn bn. Phm Ctrl + Z: B qua lnh va thc hin. Phm Delete: Xa.

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BI 2: PHN TCH MCH

1. CC CH PHN TCH MCH C BN: BIAS POINT: Tnh ton tt c thng s cc mc p DC ti cc nt v dng in chy qua cc nhnh. Dng xc nh iu kin phn cc DC ca mt mch in. DC Sweep: Thay i hng lot cc gi tr (dng, p, gi tr linh kin, nhit , thng s linh kin) v o cc gi tr dng DC (dng, p, cng sut,). Dng phn tch cc c tnh ca cc linh kin in t, nh v cc ng cong c tnh ca Diode, Transistor, SCR, Triac (Volt-Ampere, Vo-Ra,). AC Sweep/Noise: Thay i hng lot gi tr tn s v o cc gi tr chu s nh hng ca tn s (p bin tn, gc lch pha pha tn, dng, ). Dng phn tch cc tn hiu trn mch in theo bin tn s v gc pha (trc X ly theo bin tn s). Time Domain (Transient): Phn tch mch theo thi gian xc nh (o dng sng ca tn hiu, qu trnh qu ). Dng phn tch cc mc p trn cc im ca mch in ly theo bin thi gian (trc X ly theo bin thi gian). Phn tch ny c cng dng nh dng mt my hin sng (dao ng k).

2. PHN TCH MCH KHUCH I: 2.1. V mch nguyn l:

V2 12Vdc R1 22k R3 5.6k C2 C1 10uF Q1 Q2 10uF R6 Q2SC1815 R5 Q2SC1815 5K

V1 VOFF = 0V VAMPL = 10mV FREQ = 1kHz 56k R2 1k R4 1.2k C3 220uF

Hnh 2.1 Mch khuch i ghp trc tip.

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- Cc bc thc hin v mch tng t nh bi 1. - Nhng linh kin mi trong mch: - T in: - T in c cc tnh: - Ngun sin: - Transistor: C C_elect VSIN Analog. Analog. Source.

Q2SC1815 Jbipolar.

- Tm kim th vin v linh kin: - Chn Place Part chn Part Search. - Trng hp 1: Nu bit tn linh kin chnh xc nhng khng nh th vin. + Nhp tn linh kin Chn Begin Search Xem kt qu. VD: Transistor 2SC1815 Tn chnh xc theo phn mm Q2SC1815.

Hnh 2.2
- Trng hp 2: Nu khng bit tn linh kin chnh xc theo phn mm. + Nhp tn linh kin v phi hp vi du * thay th nhng k t khng nh. VD: Transistor 2SC1815. Tn thng s dng l: C1815. + Lc tm ta thm du *: *C1815: Tm tt c linh kin c cha chui k t C1815 pha sau cng. *C1815*: Tm tt c linh kin c cha chui k t C1815 gia.

Hnh 2.3

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2.2. Phn tch BIAS POINT: * Yu cu: Phn cc cho transistor sao cho mch lm vic ch khuch i.

- Nhn xt: Transistor phi c phn cc ch khuch i. Nh vy,

khi phn cc ta phi tha mn iu kin sau: - mi ni B-E phn cc thun - ni B-C phn cc nghch Nh vy, V E < VB < V C VB > VE VB < VC

tha mn c biu thc trn ta o in p ti 3 chn E, C, B ca 2 transistor Q1 v Q2 (6 im in p). Chn phn tch BIAS POINT (tnh ton thng s dng, p, cng sut, cho ton mch).

* Cc bc thc hin: 1. V hon chnh mch nguyn l. Trong trng hp phn tch Bias Point th ta khng cn quan tm n t v t s b h mch i vi tn hiu DC. Nh vy, t c hay khng trong mch khng nh hng n kt qu phn tch gi nguyn mch nguyn l mc 2.1. 2. To v chn ch phn tch. - New Simulation Profile Nhp tn: Phn cc Create.

- Trong mc Analysis Type (kiu phn tch) Chn BIAS POINT OK. 3. Nhp thng s phn tch: Khng cn nhp thm thng s no. 4. Xc nh im cn o: Khng cn xc nh v t ng tnh ton ton mch.

5. Chy phn tch Chn Run PSPICE 6. Quan st kt qu phn tch.

- Xem kt qu trang v s nguyn l.

ip p

Dng in

Cng sut

- C th di chuyn cc gi tr in p, dng in, hay cng sut qua v tr khc d quan st.
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12.00V R1 22k 2.053V C1 10uF Q1 Q2 R3 5.6k C2 5.843V 10uF

V2 12Vdc 0V

R6 Q2SC1815 R5 Q2SC1815 0V V1 VOFF = 0V VAMPL = 10mV FREQ = 1kHz 1.153V 447.8mV 56k R2 1k 0V 0V 0V R4 1.2k 0V C3 220uF 5K

Hnh 2.4 Kt qu in p ti cc nt.

V2 452.1uA R1 22k 1.099mA R3 5.6k C2 C1 10uF Q1 3.060uA 7.394uA Q2SC1815 -447.8uA R5 3.060uA 447.8uA R2 1k 56k 1.104mA R4 1.2k C3 220uF Q2SC1815 -1.107mA 0A 444.8uA Q2 10uF 1.099mA R6 5K 12Vdc 1.552mA

0A V1 VOFF = 0V VAMPL = 10mV FREQ = 1kHz

Hnh 2.5 Kt qu dng in ti cc nhnh.

* Nhn xt: in p ti cc chn E, C, B ca transistor Q1, Q2 tha mn biu thc VE < VB < VC nn mch hot ng ch khuch i.

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2.3. Phn tch DC SWEEP: * Yu cu: Xc nh in p ngun cung cp no th mch bt u lm vic ch khuch i.

- Nhn xt: gi tr no ca ngun cung cp tha mn biu thc VE < VB < VC ca transistor Q1 v Q2 th mch bt u khuch i. V transistor bt u lm vic ch khuch i mch khuch i.
Nh vy, ta phi thay i ngun cung cp v o cc gi tr in p ti 3 chn E, C, B ca 2 transistor Q1 v Q2. Theo kinh nghim, ta c th ch cn o 2 tn hiu VC v VB ca transitor Q2 (ng ra ca mch khuch i ghp trc tip ny). Ngun cung cp VDC VC (Q2) VB (Q2) 0V p1 m1 1V p2 m2 2V p3 m3 24V pn mn

- th biu din mi quan h ca ngun cung cp VDC v in p VC v VB ca Q2.

Chn phn tch DC Sweep (thay i hng lot gi tr ngun cung cp Sweep v o in p ti cc chn VC, VB). * Cc bc thc hin: 1. V hon chnh mch nguyn l. Trong trng hp phn tch ny cng tng t Bias Point nn ta khng cn quan tm n t v t s b h mch i vi tn hiu DC. 2. To v chn ch phn tch. - New Simulation Profile Nhp tn: Ngun cung cp Create.

- Trong mc Analysis Type (kiu phn tch) Chn DC Sweep OK.

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3. Nhp thng s phn tch:

Hnh 2.6
Trong : Sweep Variable: Voltage Source: Current Source: Global parameter: Model parameter: Temperature: Name: Sweep Type: Linear: Logarithmic: Value List: Start Value: End Value: Increment: Bin (i tng) thay i gi tr Tn hiu l ngun p Tn hiu l ngun dng Tn hiu l gi tr linh kin Tn hiu l thng s ca linh kin Tn hiu l nhit Tn bin (i tng) cn thay i Kiu thay i gi tr Tuyn tnh (c qui lut) Logarit (biu din theo dng biu loga) Danh sch gi tr (khng cn qui lut) Gi tr bt u phn tch Gi tr kt thc phn tch Bc tng theo quy lut (dng l tng, m l gim)

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4. Xc nh im cn o: - o in p VC v VB ca Q2 nn ta dng que o in p. - t que o ngay chn linh kin c kt qu tng ng.

5. Chy phn tch Chn Run PSPICE 6. Quan st kt qu phn tch. - Xem kt qu trang th.
15V

10V

5V (6.1380,1.6841)

0V 0V V(Q2:c) 4V V(Q2:b) 8V 12V V_V1 16V 20V 24V

Hnh 2.7
Trong : Trc X : Trc Y: Ngun cung cp V_V2 (0V 24V) Gi tr in p ca VC v VB

* bit ng th no ca tn hiu no ta quan st gc tri di cng ca th.

0V

V(Q2:c) 4V V(Q2:b)

in p chn C ca Q2 (c k hiu hnh vung) in p chn B ca Q2 (c k hiu hnh thoi)

* Nhn xt: Quan st trn th, in p trn 6,138V tr i mch bt u khuch i v VC > VB.
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7. Mt s cng c h tr trong th: - Toggle Cursor: Bt/Tt bng ta . + Ch quan tm dng s 1 khi quan st 1 im.

+ Quan st bng ta ti dng 1 theo nguyn tc ta (x,y). VD: A1 (6.1257,1.6755) V2 VC = V B = 6.1257 V (ngun cung cp) = 1.6755V Trong :

+ Mun xem gi tr trn th no ta chn vo k t i din ca ng th .

0V

V(Q2:c)

4V V(Q2:b)

+ Mun xa ng th no ta chn vo tn ng th ri nhn Delete.

0V

V(Q2:c)

4V V(Q2:b)

- Mark Label: Hin th v tr ca ta . + C th di chuyn gi tr hin th theo nguyn tc ko & th. + C th xa bng cch chn (tt con tr - Toggle Cursor trc khi xa) v Delete.

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2.4. Phn tch AC SWEEP: 2.4.1 Bin tn: * Yu cu: Xc nh vng tn s no th bin ng ra n nh v gc lch pha nh nht.

- Nhn xt: Thay i tn s ng vo v o tn hiu ng ra (bin ), hoc

gc lch pha. - Ta chn vng tn s kho st t 10 Hz 1 Mega Hz. - Bin ng ra Gi tr in p o trn in tr ti. - Chn ch phn tch l: AC Sweep. * Cc bc thc hin: 1. V hon chnh mch nguyn l. Trong trng hp phn tch ny ta dng ngun tn hiu VAC ngun vo tn hiu (tn s thay i, bin khng i). Trong : VAC bin ca tn hiu; VDC thnh phn DC ca tn hiu AC.

V2 12Vdc R1 22k C2 Ngo_Ra C1 10uF Q1 Q2 10uF R6 Q2SC1815 R5 Q2SC1815 V1 1Vac 0Vdc 56k R2 1k R4 1.2k C3 220uF 5K R3 5.6k

Hnh 2.8
2. To v chn ch phn tch. - New Simulation Profile Nhp tn: Bin tn Create.

- Trong mc Analysis Type (kiu phn tch) Chn AC Sweep OK.

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3. Nhp thng s phn tch:

Hnh 2.9
Trong : AC Sweep Type: Linear: Logarithmic: Start Frequency: End Frequency: Points/Decade: 4. Xc nh im cn o: - o in p VRti (VR6) nn ta dng que o in p. - t que o ngay chn linh kin hoc t tn cho ng dn. - xc nh chnh xc tn ca tn hiu ta t tn cho ng tn hiu . Cng c : Net Alias ng dn cn t tn. Nhp tn Nhp tri chut vo Kiu thay i gi tr Tuyn tnh (c qui lut) Logarit (biu din theo dng biu loga) Gi tr bt u phn tch Gi tr kt thc phn tch S im ly mu/1 decade (khong chia)

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Hnh 2.10

5. Chy phn tch Chn Run PSPICE 6. Quan st kt qu phn tch. - Xem kt qu trang th.
4.0V (66.746,3.1489) 3.0V

(8.8423K,3.1359) (100.000K,2.6722)

(78.453K,2.8263) 2.0V

1.0V

0V 10Hz V(NGO_RA)

100Hz

1.0KHz Frequency

10KHz

100KHz

1.0MHz

Hnh 2.11
Trong : Trc X : Trc Y: Tn s ngun tn hiu (10Hz 1 Mega Hz) Gi tr in p ng ra (bin ) trn Rti.

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* Nhn xt: - Trong vng tn s 66.746 Hz n 8.84233 KHz, bin ng ra gn nh khng i (n nh). - Ti tn s 100 KHz, bin ng ra suy gim 15% (3.14 V 100%, 2,67V 85%). - Nu cho phm vi bin n nh 10% th ta c vng tn s mi c gii hn trn l 78.453 kHz (3.14V 100%, 90% 2,826V a con tr n ti gi tr ny bit c tn s). 2.4.2 Pha tn: o gc lch pha tn hiu ng ra so vi tn hiu ng vo khi thay i tn s xc nh vng tn s c gc lch pha nh nht theo yu cu. * Cc bc thc hin: - Tng t cc bc phn tch bin tn. - Xc nh gi tr cn o (bc 4): + Trng hp 1: t que o gc pha. Chn menu Pspice Chn Marker Advanced Phase of Voltage (VP).

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Hnh 2.12 + Trng hp 2: Thm tn hiu cn o trn trang th.

Hnh 2.13

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2.4.3. Cc lu khi hin th nhiu ng th: - hin th 2 ng th trn cng mt h trc c chung trc X v khc trc Y. VD: + ng th bin tn: c trc X l tn s, trc Y l in p. + ng th pha tn: c trc X l tn s, trc Y l gc lch pha . Nh vy, khi hin th ta cn tch ring trc Y cho tng ng th. Thm trc Y: Menu Plot Add Y Axis.

Hnh 2.14
Thm ng th trn trc Y mi: Menu Trace Add Trace Kt qu:

Hnh 2.15

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2.5. PHN TCH TIME DOMAIN: * Yu cu: o v hin th dng sng ng ra ca mch khuch i.

- Nhn xt: o dng sng ng ra ca mch khuch i l o VRti. (VR6).

Cp tn hiu sin ng vo v o dng sng tn hiu ng ra xc nh n nh ca tn hiu. - Chn ch phn tch l: Time Domain. (o dng sng) * Cc bc thc hin: 1. V hon chnh mch nguyn l. Trong trng hp phn tch ny ta dng ngun tn hiu VSIN ngun vo tn hiu vo (tn s c nh, bin thay i). Trong : VOFF thnh phn DC trong tn hiu sin; VAMPL bin ca tn hiu; FREQ tn s ca tn hiu.

V2 12Vdc R1 22k C2 Ngo_Ra C1 10uF Q1 Q2 10uF R6 Q2SC1815 R5 Q2SC1815 V1 VOFF = 0V VAMPL = 10mV FREQ = 1kHz 56k R2 1k R4 1.2k C3 220uF 5K R3 5.6k

Hnh 2.16
2. To v chn ch phn tch. - New Simulation Profile Nhp tn: o dng sng Create.

- Trong mc Analysis Type (kiu phn tch) Chn Time Domain OK.

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3. Nhp thng s phn tch:

Hnh 2.16
Trong : Run to Time: Thi gian phn tch (Tphn tch) VD: Tphn tch = 60.003 ms : Tng thi gian phn tch l 60,003 s. Start saving data after: Thi gian bt u hin th tn hiu (Tcho php) VD: Tcho php = 60s : Sau 60s th bt u hin th. Maximum step size: VD: Tmu * Nguyn tc: Tphn tch = Tcho php + Tcn hin th Trong : T = 1/ftn hiu (s) VD: ftn hiu = 1kHz T = 1ms Nh vy, hin th r rng trn mn hnh ta ch cn 3-5 chu k hnh sin quan st 3-5 chu k T 3-5 ms.
=

Thi gian ly mu (Tmu).

0.01ms : Sau mi 0.01ms th o 1 ln.

Ngha l trong 3ms ta o 300 ln (3ms/0.01ms = 300 mu)

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4. Xc nh im cn o:

- o in p VRti (VR6) nn ta dng que o in p.

Hnh 2.16

5. Chy phn tch Chn Run PSPICE 6. Quan st kt qu phn tch. - Xem kt qu trang th.

Hnh 2.17
Trong : Trc X : Trc Y: * Nhn xt:
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Thi gian cn phn tch 4ms. (Ch hin th 3ms t 1-4ms) Bin ca tn hiu ng ra.

- Tng t kt qu ca my hin sng (dao ng k) ta c th o c bin nh nh ca tn hiu ng ra. - ng thi, ta cng c th xc nh c tn s ca tn hiu qua vic xc nh thi gian ca 1 chu k. (f = 1/T) * Ghi ch: - o bin nh-nh hay gi tr gia 2 im cn o, ta dng bng ta xc nh. 1. Bt Toggle Cursor. 2. Di chuyn n im o u tin v nhn phm phi chut chn Quan st dng s 2 trong bng ta . 3. Di chuyn n im th 2 quan st dng s 1 trong bng ta . 4. Quan st dng th 3.

Hnh 2.18 Bin nh nh dng s 3.

Hnh 2.19 Thi gian ca 1 chu k T - dng s 3.

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2.5. O DNG SNG NG RA NG VI MT S GI TR CA IN TR TI.

* Yu cu: o v hin th dng sng ng ra ca mch khuch i ng vi 2 gi tr ca in tr ti Rti l 5k v 10k.

* Nhn xt: Chn ch phn tch Time Domain (o dng sng).

* Qui trnh: Tng t mc 2.5. Cn lu : 1. Th gi tr linh kin bng 1 bin s. C dng: {tn bin}.

Hnh 2.20
2. Khai bo thng s cho bin mi t. Menu Pspice Place Optimizer Parameters Nhp chut tri ra mn hnh Nhp 2 ln chut tri nhp thng s.

Hnh 2.21

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3.

Chn ch phn tch v nhp thng s theo yu cu.

Hnh 2.22
* Trong : - General Setting: Tng t mc 2.5 (Time Domain). - Parametric Sweep: + Start Value: V 1 ng th ng vi gi tr ny. + Cng Start Value + Increment V 1 ng th theo gi tr sau khi cng. + Nu gi tr sau khi cng > End Value th dng li. VD: Start Value: 5k End Value: Incement: 4. 5. 6. Thc hin phn tch. Quan st kt qu phn tch. 10k 5k

t u d (que o) vo im cn o.

* Ch thch cho th: Menu Plot Label

5.0V R_Tai = 5k R_Tai = 10k

0V

-5.0V 0s 0.5ms V(NGO_RA) 1.0ms 1.5ms 2.0ms Time 2.5ms 3.0ms 3.5ms 4.0ms

* xem thng tin ca ng th ta dng cch sau: - Di chuyn n ng th v nhn chut phi Chn Information

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PHN 2: PROTEUS - ISIS

I. V MCH NGUYN L: * Yu cu: M phng 1 mch m BCD (0-9) dng IC 74LS90 v IC to xung 555.

1. Ly linh kin. - Linh kin s dng trong mch: 1. 555 555 Analog IC (Phn loi Category) 2. in tr - RES Generic (l tng) Resistors 3. T in CAP Generic CAP-POL Capacitors 4. IC m 74LS90 74LS90 5. Led 7 on gii m 7seg + BCD (Optoelectronics - Cc linh kin pht quang). * Ly linh kin: - Menu Library Pick Device

- Hoc chn biu tng Component Mode

Sau chn P trong ca s

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- Trong ca s linh kin ta nhp tn linh kin cn tm kim vo Keywords. - Quan st Result xem kt qu tm kim. - Gim s lng kt qu bng cch chn thm ct phn loi (Category phn loi cp 1; Sub-Category phn loi cp 2; Manufacturer nh cung cp phn loi cp 3). 2. Sp xp linh kin.

- Di chuyn -

- Select Mode Chn linh kin Drag & Drop.

- Xoay 3. Ni dy.

Rotate , Mirror

- Di chuyn chut n chn linh kin th phn mm s chuyn sang ch ni dy. * Ni ngun v Mass cho mch:

- Biu tng - Ngun: Power - Mass: Ground

- Terminal Mode

4. t thng s cho kinh kin. - Nhp 2 ln chut tri vo gi tr ca linh kin hoc k hiu ca linh kin (hiu chnh tn v gi tr cng 1 lc thay i 2 dng u tin ca hp thoi Component Reference (D.1) v dng 2 l gi tr ca linh kin. - Cc dng gi tr tng t nh Orcad. 5. Thc hin m phng mch.

RUN

STEP

PAUSE

STOP

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6. Mt s cng c h tr phn tch mch s: * Phn loi: SIMULATOR PRIMITIVES (Cc cng c h tr m phng)

- CLOCK: To ngun cung clock. Hoc

- DCLOCK: Xung clock cho mch s

: Generator Mode

* Phn loi: DEBUGGING TOOLS (Cng c g ri) + To ra mc logic 0, 1. Cng c: LOGICSTATE.

+ o mc logic. Cng c: LOGICPROBE.

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2. C TI LIU DATASHEET:
1. Tn (chc nng) ca IC. VD: 74LS90 Decade Counter B m 10 (s trng thi) 2. M t ngn gn linh kin. Description - 4 bit (m nh phn) - 0000 1111 (16 trng thi). - m 10 trng thi: 0000 1001 (0-9) - IC m chia lm 2 phn. - Divide-by-two: Mch chia 2 (2 trng thi) 2 trng thi 0,1 Mch chia tng ng 1 mch m 1 bit. - Divice-by-five: Mch chia 5 (5 trng thi) 000 100 (0-4) (ch cn 3 bit) Tng ng mch m 3 bit. - HIGH-to-LOW: cnh xung 74LS90 s c 2 b m c lp: - 1 b m 2 - 1 bit (2 trng thi) - 1 b m 5 3 bit (5 trng thi) Ta c th ni 2 mch m 2 v m li vi nhau thnh b m 10 (0000 1001), 10 trng thi, hay cn gi l b m BCD (0-9). Ni li bng cch ng ra b m 2 ni vi ng vo chn cp xung clock (CP Clock Pulse) ca b m 5. * Mt s thng s k thut cn quan tm: - ip p cung cp. - Cng sut tiu th. - Tn s lm vic. in p v cng sut Thit k b ngun. 3. S chn (Logic Symbol) v tn chn (Pin Name). 4. Bng trng thi, bng s tht, bng ch . - State Table, Truth Table, Mode Table, Functions Table (bng chc nng). Quan h ca cc ng vo ra.

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3. LINH KIN M PHNG:

1. Led n. - T kha: LED - Phn loi: Optoelectronics (tt c cc linh kin pht quang) - Led n dng phn tch c kh nng thay i trng thi Animated (linh

kin c kh nng chuyn ng, thay i trng thi) - Phn cc cho led (in tr phn cc, in tr hn dng).
Rhd = (Vng ra ca IC - Vled)/Iled = (4,6V 1,6V)/10mA = 300 ohm - Chn 270 hoc 330.

2. Led 7 on. - T kha: 7seg - Phn loi: Optoelectronics - Phn loi led: Anode chung v Cathode chung

Common Anode Common Cathode

- Led gii m v led cha gii m. Led gii m th ch c 4 ng vo ng vi 4 bit nh phn (led dng m BCD).

Cch kt ni:

0001 s 1 1000 s 8 23 22 21 20

Led cha gii m (c 7 ng vo ng vi 7 on a,b,c,d,e,f,g) + Chn chung (Anode hay Cathode).

Anode

Cathode

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* Led 7 on c h tr phng php qut (7SEG MUX). Phn thng s ca led: - Trigger Time: (thi gian kch sng tt kh nng p ng ca led). VD: Trigger time = 1ms iu khin led chp tt 1000 ln/1s. Phn cc cho led.

3. Led ma trn Matrix + Led Xc nh chn ca led bng cch dng nguyn tc o theo ng h VOM. (Power + Ground) 4. LCD LCD + Alphanumeric - ASCII 5. Nt nhn, cng tc, bn phm. - Nt nhn: Button - Cng tc: Switch hoc SW-SPST - Bn phm: Keypad 6. ng c bc Stepper + Motor 7. ADC v cm bin: - ADC: ADC0809 - Cm bin: Sensor - Cm bin nhit : LM35

(Cc gi tr ng ra ca cm bin thng l in p, dng in, in tr nn nhng trng hp khng c cm bin th ta dng bin tr to ra gi tr in p hay in tr tng ng vi cm bin )
* V d: - Ta s thay th in tr trong mch to xung dng IC 555 bng 1 bin tr. - Bin tr ny c kh nng thay i gi tr khi mch ang hot ng (c kh nng tng tc interacvite). Bin tr: Varistor hoc Potentiometer (POT). Quan st hnh v ca linh kin, vi thng tin: VSM (V: Virtual) Linh kin c dng ch ny th trc quan v tng tc c. Bt c linh kin no, trong hnh v c thng tin: NO Simulator.. Linh kin ny khng h tr phn tch.
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4. MT S PHN CNG THAM KHO:

R1
150k
8

U1
Q DC 3 7 2 3 6 7 TH 6 14 1

U2
CKA CKB Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 12 9 8 11

R2
680k

CV

VCC

TR

GND

R0(1) R0(2) R9(1) R9(2) 74LS90

555

C1
1uF

C2
10nF

* Linh kin: 1. IC m BCD: 74LS90 2. 555: 555 (Analog ICs) 3. in tr: RES 4. T: CAP 5. IC m BCD: 74LS90 6. Led 7 on gii m: 7SEG BCD GREEN
* Copy:

- Chn 1 linh kin hoc nhiu linh kin. Phm phi chut Block Copy (Cc tn linh kin s t ng thay i khng b trng tn). * Di chuyn: Phm phi chut Drag Object
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XUNG CLOCK

* Nhp tn v gi tr cho linh kin: - Phm phi chut Edit Properties Component Reference (Tn) Component Value (Gi tr)

U3
14 1 CKA CKB Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 12 9 8 11

R7
10k 1Hz

R3 R4 100 R5 100 R6 100

100

D1 D2 D3 D4
LED-GREEN

CONG TAC 1

2 3 6 7

R0(1) R0(2) R9(1) R9(2) 74LS90

LED-GREEN

LED-GREEN

LED-GREEN

NUT NHAN 1

R8
10k

* Linh kin: 1. IC m BCD: 2. in tr: 3. Cng tc: 4. Nt nhn:

XUNG CLOCK

74LS90 RES SWITCH (Switches & Relays Switches) Button

U3
14 1 1Hz CKA CKB Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 12 9 8 11

* Cng c thay th nt nhn, cng tc, mch xung clock:

1. Ngun xung clock: CLOCK (Simulator Primitives) 2. To tn hiu (mc thp 0, mc cao 1): LOGICSTATE 3. Hin th tn hiu (mc thp 0, mc cao 1): LOGICPROBE
* Copy:

0 0 0 0

2 3 6 7

R0(1) R0(2) R9(1) R9(2) 74LS90

? ? ? ?

- Chn 1 linh kin hoc nhiu linh kin. Phm phi chut Block Copy (Cc tn linh kin s t ng thay i khng b trng tn). * Di chuyn: Phm phi chut Drag Object
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RP1
RESPACK-8

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

U1
19 XTAL1 P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P3.0/RXD P3.1/TXD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 19 1

U2
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 CE AB/BA 74HC245 VCC B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
LED-GREEN

18

XTAL2

LED-GREEN

RST

LED-GREEN

29 30 31

LED-GREEN

PSEN ALE EA

LED-GREEN

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

LED-GREEN

P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 AT89C51

* Linh kin: 1. Vi iu khin: 2. IC m: 3. in tr ko ln: 4. Led n (xanh):

* Copy:

LED-GREEN

AT89C51 74HC245 RESPACK-8 LED-GREEN

LED-GREEN

- Chn 1 linh kin hoc nhiu linh kin. Phm phi chut Block Copy (Cc tn linh kin s t ng thay i khng b trng tn). * Di chuyn: Phm phi chut Drag Object
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D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

D8

D9

D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16

D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24

D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30 D31 D32

LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

74HC245

74HC245

74HC245

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

U2
CE AB/BA

U3
CE AB/BA

U4
CE AB/BA

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

U5
74HC245

19 1

19 1

19 1

P37 P36 P35 P34 P33 P32 P31 P30

VCC

P27 P26 P25 P24 P23 P22 P21 P20

VCC 19

VCC

U1

19 1
VCC

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CE AB/BA

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

RP1
P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P3.0/RXD P3.1/TXD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 21 P20 22 P21 23 P22 24 P23 25 P24 26 P25 27 P26 28 P27 10 P30 11 P31 12 P32 13 P33 14 P34 15 P35 16 P36 17 P37 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 RESPACK-8

* Linh kin: 1. Vi iu khin: 2. IC m: 3. in tr ko ln: 4. Led n (xanh): * Cng c:

XTAL1

AT89C51 74HC245 RESPACK-8 LED-GREEN

18

XTAL2

RST

29 30 31

PSEN ALE EA

- t tn cho ng dy dn - LABLE: Chn Chn ng dy dn nhp hoc chn tn.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

- Ch cn t tn cho dy dn u tin nhng dy dn sau mun t cng tn th ch cn chn trong danh sch (khng nhp li)
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P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 AT89C51

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

D8

D9

D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 D16

D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24

D25 D26 D27 D28 D29 D30 D31 D32

LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN LED-GREEN

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

74HC245
CE AB/BA CE AB/BA

74HC245
CE AB/BA

74HC245
CE AB/BA 19 1

B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7

U2

U3

U4

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

U5
74HC245

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

19 1

19 1

19 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

P3_0 P3_1 P3_2 P3_3 P3_4 P3_5 P3_6 P3_7

P2_0 P2_1 P2_2 P2_3 P2_4 P2_5 P2_6 P2_7

P1_0 P1_1 P1_2 P1_3 P1_4 P1_5 P1_6 P1_7

VCC VCC VCC VCC

RP1
RESPACK-8

U1
19 XTAL1 P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P3.0/RXD P3.1/TXD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 21 P2_0 22 P2_1 23 P2_2 24 P2_3 25 P2_4 26 P2_5 27 P2_6 28 P2_7 10 P3_0 11 P3_1 12 P3_2 13 P3_3 14 P3_4 15 P3_5 16 P3_6 17 P3_7 P0_0 P0_1 P0_2 P0_3 P0_4 P0_5 P0_6 P0_7

* Linh kin: 1. Vi iu khin: 2. IC m: 3. in tr ko ln: 4. Led n (xanh): * Cng c:

P0_[0..7]

AT89C51 74HC245 RESPACK-8 LED-GREEN

18

XTAL2

RST

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

29 30 31

PSEN ALE EA

P1_0 P1_1 P1_2 P1_3 P1_4 P1_5 P1_6 P1_7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 AT89C51

P2_[0..7]

1.

- V ng BUS: - V ng ni t chn linh kin vo ng BUS:

P3_[0..7]

2. t tn cho ng BUS v ng dn va ni - LABLE: Chn ng BUS hoc ng dy dn nhp hoc chn tn.

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P1_[0..7]

Trang 44

P0_7 P0_6 P0_5 P0_4 P0_3 P0_2 P0_1 P0_0

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7

R1
220

R2 R3 220 R4 220

U1
19 XTAL1 P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P3.0/RXD P3.1/TXD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

R5 220 R6 220 R7 220

220

U1
19 XTAL1 P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P3.0/RXD P3.1/TXD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

18

XTAL2

18

XTAL2

RST

RST

U2:A
1 74HC14 2

29 30 31

PSEN ALE EA

29 30 31

U2:B
3 74HC14 4

PSEN ALE EA

U2:C
5 74HC14 6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 AT89C51

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

U2:D
13 74HC14 12

P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 AT89C51

* Linh kin: 1. Vi iu khin: 2. in tr: 3. Led 7 on cha gii m: 4. Led 7 on dng phng php qut: 5. IC m o:

AT89C51 RES 7SEG + ANODE + GREEN 7SEG + ANODE + MPX 74HC14

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LCD1
LM016L

VSS VDD VEE

RS RW E 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

1 2 3

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

U1
19 XTAL1 P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P3.0/RXD P3.1/TXD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 D0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

RP1
RESPACK-8

RP2 U3
19 XTAL1 P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 P2.2/A10 P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P2.5/A13 P2.6/A14 P2.7/A15 P3.0/RXD P3.1/TXD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 RESPACK-8

18

XTAL2

+12VDC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

18

XTAL2

RST

U2
1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B ULN2803 +88.8 COM 1C 2C 3C 4C 5C 6C 7C 8C 10 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 RA_1 RA_2 RA_3 RA_4

RST

29 30 31

PSEN ALE EA

RA_1 RA_3

RA_2 RA_4

29 30 31

PSEN ALE EA

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 AT89C51

ULN2803 STEPPER MOTOR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 AT89C51

* Linh kin: 1. Vi iu khin: 2. IC m: 3. in tr ko ln: 4. Mn hnh LCD: 5. ng c bc:

AT89C51 ULN2803 RESPACK-8 LCD + ALPHANUMERIC (Hin th cc k t theo bng m ASCII) Stepper Motor (n cc (5,6 dy) Unipolar ; Lng cc (4 dy Bipolar)
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Gii tch mch trn my tnh Trng Ngc Anh HSPKT

5. PHN MM LP TRNH CHO VI IU KHIN: 1. To th mc TAM a C ( phc v cho chng trnh lp trnh cho vi iu khin). 2. Khi ng phn mm SPKT-8051.exe 3. Nhp chng trnh vo v lu vo th mc nh trc (ty ngi dng): - Dng phm Caps Lock (vit hoa) v phm Tab (chnh cc dng thng hng)
___________________________________

ORG 00H TUDAU: MOV P0,#00001111b CALL DELAY MOV P0,#11110000b CALL DELAY JMP TUDAU

;0 led tt 1 led sng

;CHUONG TRINH CON DELAY DELAY: MOV R6,#255 DEL: MOV R7,#255 DJNZ R7,$ DJNZ R6,DEL RET END
___________________________________

4. Bin dch chng trnh.

- Dng t hp phm Ctrl + A hoc biu tng - Phi xut hin 2 mn hnh mu en (mi mn hnh c khong 2-3 dng ch). Nu khng thy th phi khi ng li phn mm.

- Nu c li th chn vo ca s ban u.

xem li, cn vic chnh sa th

- 2 li thng dng:
+ Syntax error: Li lnh u tin kim tra v tri (lnh). VD: MOV P0,#00H V tri V phi + Undefined Symbol: Li khng xc nh c tn v tr (v phi).

GV: Trng Ngc Anh H SPKT Tp. HCM

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5. Ghi (Np) chng trnh cho Vi iu khin. - Quay tr li mn hnh phn mm PROTEUS (ISIS). - Nhp i chut tri vo Vi iu khin.

- Nhp chut vo v tr mi tn (dng Program File) Chn th mc lu file chng trnh nhp bc 3 Chn file c phn m rng .hex (m hex m my v vi iu khin ch hiu cc m nh phn 0 v 1). - Clock Frequency: Tn s lm vic cho Vi iu khin. (Thng thng l 12MHz). 6. Cho m phng chng trnh ghi cho vi iu khin.

Run

Step

Pause

Stop

Chn Run m phng chng trnh.

Ghi ch: - K t ln th 2 ta thay i chng trnh (bc 3 chnh chng trnh, bc 4 bin dch li), ta khng cn phi thc hin li bc 5 v thc hin ngay bc 6. - cho d dng trong vic qun l, ta nn lu chng trnh v file m phng chung 1 th mc.

GV: Trng Ngc Anh H SPKT Tp. HCM

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Bi 1: Ta c th copy li nhng ni dung ging nhau v chnh sa li (Ctrl + C: Copy v Ctrl + V: Paste Dn) ORG TUDAU: MOV CALL MOV CALL 00H P0,#00001111b DELAY P0,#11110000b DELAY ;0 led tt 1 led sng

MOV CALL MOV CALL

JMP

P0,#01010101b DELAY P0,#10101010b DELAY

TUDAU

;0 led tt

1 led sng

;CHUONG TRINH CON DELAY DELAY: MOV R6,#255 DEL: MOV R7,#255 DJNZ R7,$ DJNZ R6,DEL RET END
_________________________________

Bi 2: tn dng nhng ni dung ging nhau trong nhng file trc ta thc hin cc bc sau: - M bi 1 Chn menu File Save As Nhp tn file mi vd: Bai 2 OK

Nh vy ta s to ra 1 file c ni dung ging bi 1 (tn file mi) nhng bi 1 vn gi nguyn.

ORG 00H TUDAU: MOV P0,#0 CALL DELAY MOV R0,#8 LAP: SETB C MOV A,P0 RLC A MOV P0,A CALL DELAY DJNZ R0,LAP JMP TUDAU

GV: Trng Ngc Anh H SPKT Tp. HCM

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;CHUONG TRINH CON DELAY DELAY: MOV R6,#255 DEL: MOV R7,#255 DJNZ R7,$ DJNZ R6,DEL RET END
_________________________________

Bi 3: - Thay th lnh RLC trong bi 2 thnh lnh RRC.

_________________________________

Bi 4: - Thay th lnh MOV R0,#8 trong bi 2 thnh lnh MOV R0,#4.

GV: Trng Ngc Anh H SPKT Tp. HCM

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