De Cuong On Thi Tnthpt20112012

- 1 - GIAO VIEN : Trng
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N TP THI TT NGHIP MN TON 2010 2011.

to iu kin v gip hc sinh n thi tt nghip mt cch hiu qu nht.Bn
thn ti da vo ni dung thi tt nghip cc nm, chun kin thc ca chng trnh
ph thng v cu trc thi tt nghip nm nay c a ra mt s kin thc c bn, trng
tm nht cng nh phng php n luyn hc sinh c th luyn tp mt cch tch cc
v ch ng.
CAC NOI DUNG TOAN ON THI TNPT.

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TRANG
I. Kho st v cc bi ton lin quan. 02-07
II. Hm s, PT, BPT m v logarit. 08-09
III. Gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca hm s. 10-11
IV. Tm nguyn hm v tch phn. 12-19
V. S phc. 20-22
VI. Phng php to trong khng gian. 23-27
VII. Hnh hc khng gian tng hp. 28-29

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NOI DUNG I

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Kho st v cc bi ton lin quan .
I.1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so :
1/ y = ax
3
+bx
2
+cx+d 2/ y = ax
4
+bx
2
+c
3/. y =
d cx
b ax
+
+
.
thi tt nghip cc nm
TN 2010 : Cho ham so : y =
. 5
2
3
4
1
2 3
+ x x

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1) Khao sat s bien thien va ve o th ham so a cho.
2) Tm cac gia tr m e phng trnh x
3
6x
2
+ m = 0 co 3
nghiem thc phan biet.
TN 2009 .
Cho hm s y =
2
1 2
+
x
x
1) Kho st SBT v v
TN 2008 PB ( ln 1).
Cho hm s y =
2x
3
+3x
2
-1.
1)Kho st SBT v v
TN 2008 PB (ln 2).
Cho HS:
1
2 3
+
x
x
y
(C)
1)Kho st v v th .

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th (C) ca hm s
cho.
2) Vit PTTT ca th
(C), bit h s gc ca
tip tuyn bng -5.
th ca hm s.
2)Bin lun theo m s
nghim pt: 2x
3
+3x
2
-
1 = m.
2)Vit phng trnh tip
tuyn ca th ( C) ti
im c tung bng -2.
TN 2008 KPB ln 1.
Cho HS 1 3
2 3
+ x x y
1)Kho st v v th hm s.
TN 2008 KPB ln 2.
Cho HS
2 3
3x x y
1)Kho st v v th hm
TN 2007 PB ln 1
Cho HS 1 2
2 4
+ x x y
( C).

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2)Vit phng trnh tip tuyn
vi th hm s ti im c
honh x= 3.
s.
2)Tm cc gi tr ca m
phng trnh 0 3
2 3
m x x
c 3 nghim phn bit.
1)Kho st v v th
hm s.
2)Vit phng trnh tip
tuyn vi th ( C) ti
im cc i ca ( C).
TN 2007 PB ln 2
Cho HS
2 3
2 3
+ x x y
( C).
1)Kho st v v th ( C).
TN 2007 KPB ln 1.
Cho HS
1 2
2
1
+
x
x y
( H).
TN 2007 K PB ln
2.
Cho HS
2 3
2 3
+ x x y
.

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vi th ti im un ca
( C).
1)Kho st v v th (H).
2). Vit PTTTvi (H) ti
A( 0;3).
1)Kho st v v th
( C).
2)Vit phng trnh tip
tuyn vi th ti im
un ca ( C).
TN 2006 PB.
1)Kho st v v th ( C)
ca hm s
2 3
3x x y +
.
TN 2006 KPB.
1)Kho st v v th (C)
ca hm s
x x x y 9 6
2 3
+
.
TN 2005
Cho HS
1
1 2
+
+
x
x
y
( C)

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2)Da vo th ( C), bin
lun theo m s nghim ca PT
. 0 3
2 3
+ m x x
3. Tnh dthp gii hn bi th
( C) v trc ox.
2)Vit Phng trnh tip
tuyn ti im un ca th.
3)Tm m d:y = x + m
2
m i qua trung im ca
on thng ni 2 im cc
i v cc tiu ca th ( C).
1)Kho st v v th hs.
2)Tnh DTHP gh :Ox, Oy,
(C).
3)Vit PT tip tuyn ca
th ( C), bit tip tuyn
i qua im A(-1;3).
TN 2004. TN 2002. TN 2001.

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Cho HS
2 3
3
1
x x y
(C)
1)Kho st v v th .
ca ( C) i qua im A(3; 0).
3)Tnh th tch vt th trn
xoay do hnh phng gh bi (C)
v cc ng thng y = 0; x=
Cho HS
3 2
2 4
+ + x x y
c
th ( C).
1)kho st v v th HS.
2) Da vo th (C), Tm
m phng trnh
0 2
2 4
+ m x x c bn nghim
phn bit.
Cho HS
x x y 3
4
1
3

(C)
1)Kho st v v th hs.
2)Cho im M thuc(C)
c honh x = 3 2 . Vit
PT ng thng i qua M
v l tip tuyn ca ( C).
3. Tnh DTHP gii hn

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0; x= 3 quay quanh trc Oy. bi (C) v tip tuyn ca
n ti M.
Kho st cc hm s:
+) Gio vin rn k phn ny mi HS u lm c v yu cu hc
sinh :
- Nm vng cc bc c bn ca bi kho st, trnh lm thiu bc dn n mt im.
- Nm vng hnh dng ca tng loi th, s im v tng th.
- Rn luyn k nng tnh ton chnh xc v hnh c chnh xc.

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- Lu cc giao im ca th vi cc trc, im ph.
- Lu HS so snh bng bin thin sau khi v xong th.
+) Hc sinh thng mc phi li sau khi kho st :
- Lm khng cc bc ;
- Tnh gii hn khng , hay tnh gp.
- V hnh : khng cn i, khng in cc s cn thit trn trc to ,
th v cc trc to khng hp l, ....
II.2) Cau hoi phu :

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Bi ton 1. S tng giao ca hai th
Da vo th bin lun s nghim ca phng
trnh.
- Ph ng php :

* S dng th v phn kho st.
* a PT v dng mt v l hm s k/s v v bn kia l hng s c cha
tham s m.

x - -1 0 1
+
y - 0 + 0 - 0
+

+ -3
+
y
-4 -4
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* S nghim phng trnh l s giao im ca hai th.
VD 1 . Cho hm s y = x
4
- 2x
2
- 3 c th l (C).
1/. Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s trn.
2/. Da vo th bin lun s nghim ca phng trnh : x
4
-
2x
2
- m + 1 = 0 (1)?
Bi gii
1/. 1. Tp xc nh : D= R . Hm s l hm chn

x - -1 0 1
+
y - 0 + 0 - 0
+

+ -3
+
y
-4 -4
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2. S bin thin :
a) Chiu bin thin: y =4x
3
-4x , x R ; y = 0
1
0
1
x
x
x

Trn cc khong (-1;0) v (1; +) , y>0 nn hm s ng bin

Trn cc khong (-; -1) v (0;1) , y<0 nn hm s nghch bin
b) Cc tr :
- Hm s t cc tiu ti x=t 1 , y
CT
= y(t 1) = -4

x - -1 0 1
+
y - 0 + 0 - 0
+

+ -3
+
y
-4 -4
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- Hm s t cc i ti x=0; y
C
=y(0) = -3
c) Cc gii hn, tim cn :
Ta c
4
2 4
2 3
lim lim 1 ;
x x
y x
x x

_
+

,

4
2 4
2 3
lim lim 1 ;
x x
y x
x x
+ +
_
+

,
th hm s khng c tim cn
d) Bng bin thin:

x
y
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. th:
- Giao vi trc Ox : y=0 x
4
-2x
2
-3 x= t 3 y=m-4
- Giao vi trc Oy : x=0 y= -3

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Hm s chn do th hm s nhn Oy lm trc i xng
th ( Hnh v )
2/. Phng trnh (1)
x
4
- 2x
2
3 = m-4
S nghim ca phng trnh (1) l s giao im 2 th:
(C) v ng thng (d): y = m-4
+) (2) v nghim
m<0;
+) (2) c ng 2 nghim p.bit
m = 0 hoc m>1;
+) (2) c ng 3 nghim P.bit
m = 1;

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+) (2) c 4 nghim phn bit
0<m<1;
Kt lun:
Ch : S giao im ca ng thng y = mx + n (m 0)vi
th hm s
1/ y = ax
3
+bx
2
+cx+d 2/ y = ax
4
+bx
2
+c
3/ y =
d cx
b ax
+
+
.

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l s nghim phng trnh honh f(x) = mx + n (f(x) l mt
trong ba hm s trn.
VD2. Tm m th hm s y =
2
1 2
+
x
x
ct ng thng y = x + m ti
2 im phn bit.
Bi gii

YCBT
2
1 2
+
x
x
= x + m c 2 nghim phn bit

2x 1 = x
2
+ mx + 2x + 2m c 2 nghim phn bit khc -2 ;

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x
2
+ mx + 2m + 1 = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit khc -2 ;

[
5 2 4
5 2 4
2
0 5 1 2 2 4
0 4 8
+ >
<
'
+ +
>
m
m
m m
m m
Nhn xt: Bin lun s nghim ca PT, bin lun s giao im ca 2 th.
* Hng dn HS chuyn bi ton i s v bi ton hnh hc.
* Hng dn HS s dng th va kho st.
* Hng dn HS a PT v dng 1 v l HS kho st c chiu bin thin, mt v
l hng s cha tham s.

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*C th m rng vi bi ton so snh nghim phng trnh bng th.
* a v phng trnh bc hai hoc bc 3 (ch yu bc 2 vi
thi TN)
Bi ton 2. Lp phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s
L thuyt :

+) Tip tuyn ti im M(x
0
;y
0
) thuc ng cong (C) : y = f(x) c h
s gc l:

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k = f(x
0
)
PT tip tuyn ca th (C) ti im M l : y = f(x
0
)(x - x
0
) + y
0
.
+) Cho d
1
: y = k
1
x + a
1
, d
2
: y = k
2
x + a
2

'

2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1 2 1
//
1 .
a a
k k
d d
k k d d

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VD1. Lp phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s y = x
3
+ 3x
2
- 9x +
5 ti im c h s gc k = -12.
Bi gii.
Ta c : y= 3x
2
+ 6x - 9
Honh tip im l ngim ca phng trnh
y=k
3x
2
+6x-9 = -12
x
2
+2x+1=0
x=-1
Vi x = -1 th y = 16
Phng trnh tip tuyn cn lp l: y = -12(x+1)+16 hay y = -12x+4;

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Vy phng trnh tip tuyn cn lp l: y = -12x+4.
VD2. Lp phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s y = x
4
- 4x
2
+ 3 ti
im c honh x = 2.
Bi gii.
Ta c : y= 4x
3
- 8x; x = 2 th y = 3
H s gc ca tip tuyn l k = y(2) = 16
Phng trnh tip tuyn cn lp l:
y = 16(x-2) + 3 hay y = 16x - 29

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Vy phng trnh tip tuyn cn lp l: y = 16x - 29
VD3 . Lp phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s y =
1 2
1 3
+
x
x
(1) ti
im M(1 ;4).
Bi gii.
Ta c : y=
2
) 1 2 (
5
h s gc ca tip tuyn cn lp l: k = y(1) = -5

Phng trnh tip tuyn l: y = -5(x-1) + 4 hay y = -5x + 9;

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Vy PTTT cn lp l: y = -5x +9.
V D4 . Lp PTTT ca th y = x
3
- 3x
2
+ 4 bit :
a) Tip tuyn song song vi ng thng y = 9x + 5
b) Tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng
2010
3
1
x y
.
Nhn xt: Tip tuyn ti mt im thuc th hoc bit h s gc ca TT.
* Yu cu HS nm vng cng thc PTTT tai im.
* Yu cu HS nm vng cc yu t cn tm c th vit c PTTT.

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Bi ton 3 : Tnh din tch hnh phng.
Hng dn HS s dng th va kho st xc nh hnh dng hnh phng.
Bi ton 4 : Mt s dng ton khc
Xt tnh ng bin, nghch bin; tm im cc tr, tm cc tim cn; ng dng hm s
gii PT, BPT, chng minh BT.
Bi tp p dng:
Bi 1 : Kho st cc hm s sau:
a/ y = x
3
3x
2
b/ y = - x
3
+ 3x 2 c/ y = x
3
+ 3x
2
+ 4x - 8

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Bi 2 . Cho hm s: y = -2x
3
+ 3x
2
- 4 (C)
a. Kho st v v th hm s (C)
b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s tai M ( 1 ; -3 )
c. Tm m phng trnh 2x
3
- 3x
2
+2m -5 = 0 c 3 nghim phn bit
Bi 3. Cho hm s: y = x
3
+ 3x
2
+ 6x + 4 (C)
a . Kho st v v th hm s (C)
b. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s tai M ( -1 ; 0 )

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d. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi ng cong ( C) v ng thng y = 6x
+4.
Bi 4 : a/ Cho hm s y= x
3
3m x
2
+ 4m
3
. Kho st v th (C) ca hm s khi m=1.
b/ Vit pttt vi (C) ti im c honh bng 1.
Bi 5: Cho hm s y = 1 3 2
3
2
3
+ + x x
x
c th ( C ) .
a/ Kho st v v thi ca hm s.

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b/ Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca ( C) :
+/ Ti im c honh x
0
=
2
1

+/ Bit tip tuyn song song vi ng thng y = 3x 1.
Bi 6: Kho st v v th ca hm s :
a/ y = x
4
6x
2
+ 5 b/ y = -
1
4
x
4
+ 2x
2
+
9
4
c/ y = x
4
+ 2x
2

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d/ y =
4
2
3
2 2
x
x e/
4 2
2 3 y x x +
Bi 7. Cho hm s: y = x
4
3x
2
+ 2 ( C)
b . Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s tai im c honh x=1
c . Tm m phng trnh x
4
3x
2
+ 3m -1=0 c 3 nghim phn bit.
Bi 8. Cho hm s: y = -2x
4
4x
2
+6 (C)

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b . Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s tai M ( -1 ; 0 )
c . Da vo th hm s hy bin lun s nghim ca pt: 2x
4
+ 4x
2
+ 3m 2 =0.
Bi 9: a/ Kho st hm s y= x
4
4 x
2
+ 5, co o th la (C).
b/ Dng th (C) bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng tr nh:x
4
4 x
2
+ 5 = m.
Bi 10: Kho st cc hm s sau: a/ y =
2
2 1
x
x
+
+
b/ y =
1
1
x
x
+
. c/ y =
4
4 x

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Bi 11. Cho hm s: y =
2 3
3
x
x
+
+
(H)
a. Kho st v v th hm s (H)
b . Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s bit tip tuyn vung gc vi
ng thng y=-2x+3
c . Tm m ng thng y = 2x -3m ct ( H) ti hai im phn bit

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Bi 12. Cho hm s: y =
5 2
2 3
x
x

+
(H)
a. Kho st v v th hm s (H)
b . Vit pt tip tuyn ca th hm s tai im c honh x = -2
c . Tm m ng thng y = 2x - 3m ct ( H) ti hai im phn bit thuc hai nhnh
ca ( H).

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B ai 13 .Cho (C) : y =
2
2
+
x
x
.
a/ Kho st v v thi ca hm s.
b/ Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C):
+/ Ti giao im ca (C ) vi trc Ox.
+/ Song song vi ng thng d
1
: y = 4x 5.

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NOI DUNG II.
Hm s, PT, BPT m v logarit .
thi tt nghip cc nm
Gii PT sau:
a) TN 2010 : 2log 14
2
2
x log
4
x + 3 = 0.
b) TN 2009: 25
x
- 6.5
x
+ 5 = 0.
c) TN 2008: 3
2x+1
- 9.3
x
+6=0; ln2:
( ) ( ) 5 log 2 log 2 log
3 3 3
+ + x x

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d) TN 2007: log
4
x + log
2
(4x)=5; ln2:
9 7 . 2 7
1
+
x x
e) TN 2006: 2
2x+2
- 9.2
x
+2 = 0.
GV nu cch gii PT v BPT m va logarit.
II.1) Ph ng trnh m:
Ta quan tm n dng a v cng c s v t n s ph
sau:
VD1 . Gii cc phng trnh sau trn R

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a) 2
x-2
+2
x-3
+2
x-4
= 56; b) 2
x
+8.3
x
= 8+6
x
.
Bi gii
a) PT
2
x-4
(2
2
+2+1)=56
7.2
x-4
=56
2
x-4
= 8
x-4 = 3 hay x =7
Vy nghim ca phng trnh l x=7.
b) PT
...
(2
x
-8)(3
x
-1)=0
x=3 hay x=0.

Vy phng trnh c 2 nghim l: x=3 v x=0.
VD2. Gii phng trnh sau trn R
a) 9
x
3
x+2
+ 8 = 0 ;

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b) 5.9
x
-8.15
x
+3.25
x
=0;
c) 3
x+1
-3
2-x
=6.
Bi gii
a) t 3
x
= t, k: t > 0....
b) Chia 2 v cho 25
x
ta a v dng cu a).
c) t t = 3
x
th 3
-x
= 1/t vi t > 0.
Ch : Khi dy v BPT m ta cng a ra cc bi tp tng t nh cc
phng trnh trn.

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II.2) Phng trnh logarit : Vi thi tt nghip th PT ny cho
mc n gin sau:
VD1. Gii phng trnh sau:
a) log
2
(3x
2
-7x+12)=3 b) log
3
(5x
2
-2x+5)=log
3
(9-x)
c)log
2
(3x+1)+2log
4
(x+5)=3+log
2
3
Bi gii
a) PT
3x
2
-7x+12=8
3x
2
-7x+4=0
x=1 hay x=4/3.

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b) PT
'
<

'
>
+
5
4
1
...
9
0 4 5
0 9
9 5 2 5
2 2
x
x
x
x x
x
x x x

KL: ...
c) K: x > -1/3
PT
log
2
[(3x+1)(x+5)]=log
2
24
...
3x
2
+16x-19=0
3
19
1
x
x

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Kt hp k ta c nghim ca PT l: x = 1.
VD2. Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a) log
2
2
x + 5log
2
x 14 = 0 b) lg
2
(2x+1)-lg(2x+1)
4
+3=0 c)
log
4
3
x+2log
2
3
x
2
-9=0
Bi gii
a) K: x > 0
t log
2
x = t, PT tr thnh: t
2
+ 5t 14 = 0
7
2
t
t

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Vi: * t = 2
x = 4
* t = - 7
x =
128
1
KL: ....
b) K: x > -1/2
t t = lg(2x+1), PT tr thnh: t
2
- 4t + 3 = 0
3
1
t
t
Vi: * t = 1
2x+1=10
x=9/2(t/mk)
* t = 3
2x+1=1000
x = 999/2 (t/mk).

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KL: .
c) K: x > 0.
PT
log
4
3
x+8log
2
3
x-9=0
t t = log
2
3
x, k: t 0. PT tr thnh : t
2
+8t-9=0
) ( 9
) / ( 1
l t
m t t
Vi t = 1, log
2
3
x=1
...
3
1
3
x
x
(t/m) KL :.....

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NHN XT: Cu ny thng c 1 im - Hc sinh TB v TB yu c th lm c.
* Cc bi ton gii PT hoc BPT u dng c bn, s dng phng php t n
ph, a v cng mt c s. ngoi ra c th s dng phng php xt chiu bin
thin, PP m ho hoc logarit ho (i vi HS kh).
*Gio vin cn hng dn HS nhn xt quan h gia cc c s, lu HS i vi PT
cn c cng c s nhng vi BPT th ngoi cng c s cn phi so snh c s vi s
1.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* Ngoi cc bi ton v gii PT v BPT c th c cu rt gn, GV cn cho HS nm
vng cc cng thc bin i,cc tnh cht ca HS m v logarit, nht l cng thc
i c s.
* Bi ton tnh o hm.
Bi tp p dng:
Gii cc phng trnh, bt phng trnh m v logarit sau:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
1).
9
1
3
1
2
3

,
_
x x
. 2) 16 4
2 3
2
+ x x
. 3).
1
3 2
7
7
1
2
+

,
_
x
x x
. 4)
1
7 5
3
2
) 5 , 1 (
+
,
_
x
x
5)
1 ) 5 ( log ) 3 ( log
3 3
< + x x
.
6) 9
x+1
- 8.3
x
+1=0. 7) 0 2 3
3 6
+
x x
e e 8). log
2
(x
2
-3x+2) - log
2
(2x-3) = 1.
9)
) 7 ln( ) 3 ln( ln + + + x x x
10). ( ) ( )
5 5 5
log x log x 6 log x 2 + +
.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
11)
2
1 1
3 3
log (3 2) log ( 2) x x x
. 12)
4 2
3
2
<
+ x x
13)
7
9
9
7
3 2
2

,
_
x x
.
14)
2 1 2 1
4 4 4 9 9 9
+ + + +
+ + < + +
x x x x x x
. 15) 0 6 4 16
x x
16)
2 ) 1 ( log
3
1
x
.
NOI DUNG III.
Gi tr ln nht, gi tr nh nht ca hm s .

Tm GTLN, GTNN ca hm s y = f(x) trn tp D

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* D = (a ;b) thng thng ta dng o hm v lp BBT.
* D = [a;b] ta lm theo cc bc
Lu : n cc hm s lng gic; t t = sinx; t = cosx th t
[ ] 1 ; 1

Bi tp . ( thi TN THPT ). Tm GTLN-GTNN ca hm s:
a) Nm 2009: f(x) = x
2
- ln(1-2x) trn on [-2;0].
b) Nm 2008 : 1) y = x
4
- 2x
2
+ 1 trn [0 ;2] ; 3) y =
-2x
4
+ 4x
2
+ 3 trn [0 ;2] ;

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2) y = x + 2 cosx trn [0 ;
2
] ; 4) y = 2x
3
-
6x
2
+ 1 trn [-1 ;1].
c) Nm 2007 : 1) y = 3x
3
- x
2
- 7x +1 trn [0 ;2] ; 2) y = x
3
-
8x
2
+ 16x - 9 trn [1 ;3].
VD1. Tm GTLN-GTNN ca hm s y = x
3
+ 5x
2
- 13x + 10 trn [0 ;2]
Bi gii
Ta c : y= 3x
2
+10x-13

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
y=0
... x = 1
vi x = 0
y = 10; x = 1
y = 3 ; x = 2
y = 12
Max y = 12 ti x = 2; Min y = 3 ti x = 1 trn [0 ;2].
VD2. Tm GTLN-GTNN ca hm s y = x+
x
4
trn [1 ;3]
Hng dn
Trn on [1 ;3] ta c : Max y = 5 ti x = 1
Min y = 4 ti x = 2.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
VD3. Tm GTLN-GTNN ca hm s y =
2
3
2
2
+ +
+
x x
x
.
Bi gii
* TX : R
* y =
2 2
2
2 2
2 2
) 2 (
3 2
...
) 2 (
) 3 )( 1 2 ( ) 2 ( 2
+ +

+ +
+ + + +
x x
x x
x x
x x x x x

y = 0
x=-1 hoc x = 3

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* Gii hn : ; 1 ...
2
3
2
2
lim

+ +
+
t
x x
x
x

* Bng bin thin :
x -
-1 3
+
y + 0 - 0
+

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
y 2 1
1 6/7
T BBT ta c :
. 3 ,
7
6
; 1 , 2 x khi y x khi y
Min Max
R R

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Ch : Bi tp dng ny thng hc sinh khng tnh gii hn khi x
tin ra v cc
VD4. Tm GTNN ca hm s : y = sin
2
x+cosx+5.
Bi gii
* TX : R
y = -cos
2
x + cosx + 6
* t t = cosx ; t
[ ] 1 ; 1
khi : y = -t
2
+ t + 6 ; y = -2t + 1; y = 0
t
= 1/2

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* vi: t = -1th y = 4;
t = 1/2 th y = 25/4
t = 1 th y = 6
KL : ....
NHN XT: Cu ny thng c 1 im - Cu ny dnh cho HS t trung bnh tr ln.
* Hng dn HS s dng phng php lp bng bin thin.
* Nu cu ny nm sau cu kho st nn hng dn HS s dng th

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* Nu biu thc cha hm s lng gic, cn lu HS t n ph v iu kin ca n
ph.
* i vi bi ton thc t, GV hng dn HS cch chuyn v bi ton ton hc, lu iu
kin ca bin s.
Bi tp p dng: Tm GTLN v GTNN ca cc hm s sau:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
a.
3
2
2 3 4
3
x
y x x + + trn on [-4; 0]
+ + +
+ +
3 2 3
4 2 3 2
. f(x) = x 3 9 1 trn [-4; 4] c. f(x) = x 5 4 trn o n [-3; 1]
d. f(x) = x 8 16 trn o n [-1; 3] e. f(x) = x 3 9 7 trn o n [-4; 3]
b x x x
x x x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2
x 1
. f(x) = trn na khong (-2; 4] i. f(x) = x +2 + trn khong (1; + )
x + 2 x- 1
k. f(x) = x 1 - x l. f(x)= 2sinx - 3cos2x +3 trn khon
f
g ( ; )
2
m.
2
5 4 3 y x x + +
n/
( )
2
.ln f x x x
trn
[ ] 1; e
w/.
3
os 3cos 1 y c x x +
z/ ( )
4
1
2
f x x
x
+
+
trn [ ] 1; 2

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
NOI DUNG IV.
Tm nguyn hm v tch phn .
Cc bi ton thng n gin, p dng cng thc nguyn hm
ca cc hm s c bn.
Kin thc:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
- Cung cp cho hc sinh bng nguyn hm ca cc hm
s thng gp.
- c bit cng thc nguyn hm:

. 1 | | ln
1 ,
1
1
+
+
+
+
n khi C x
x
dx
n C
n
x
dx x
n
n
(*)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
p dng cng thc nguyn hm ca hm s hp v ph-
ng php i bin s.
thi tt nghip cc nm.
TN 2010 : I =

1
0
2 2
. ) 1 ( dx x x
TN 2009 : I =
0
. ) cos 1 ( dx x x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 2008:

+

4
0
1
0
2
0
4 3
1
1
2
. sin . cos : ) ) 1 ( )
cos ) 1 2 ( .. ) ) 1 ( .. )
xdx x M BT d xdx e K c
xdx x J KHXH b dx x x I KHTN a
x
TN 2007. a) Tnh TP:
2
1
2
1
2
x
xdx
I
.
3
1
ln . 2 xdx x I

1
0
3
2
1
3
x
dx x
I

e
x
xdx
I
1
2
ln

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
b) Cho hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng y = sinx , y =0, x = 0, x =
2
. Tnh th tch
khi trn xoay sinh bi (H) khi quay quanh ox.
c) Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng
0 , 6
2
+ y x x y
TN 2006 : a) Tnh TP:
( )
5 ln
2 ln 1
1
x
x x
e
dx e e
I

( )
+
1
0
1 2 dx x I

2
0
2
cos 4
. 2 sin
x
dx x
I

b)Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi th cc HS
x
e y ; y= 2 v x =1.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 2005 :
( ) osxdx c x x I

+
2
0
2
sin
TN 2003:1. Tm nguyn hm ca HS sau: ( )

1 2
1 3 3
2
2 3
+ +
+ +
x x
x x x
x f
2. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi th HS
2
12 10 2
2
+

x
x x
y v ng thng
y = 0.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 2002 : Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng
1 2
2
+ x y
v y=x-1
TN 2001 :

6
0
) 6 2 sin . 6 (sin
dx x x I
Kin thc:
a/ Bng nguyn hm:
b/ Cc phng php tch phn, cc loi tch phn thng gp:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
- c bit cng thc nguyn hm:

C u
u
du
n khi C x
x
dx
C
n
u
du u n C
n
x
dx x
n
n
n
n
+ +
+
+
+
+

+ +
ln ,. 1 | | ln
1
, 1 ,
1
1 1
(*)
p dng cng thc nguyn hm ca hm s hp v ph-
ng php i bin s.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
IV.1) Tch phn bng cch s dng bng nguyn hm:
Cng thc Niutn_lpnt:
Bi tp: Tnh cc tch phn sau:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
1
3
0
( 1) x x dx + +

dx
x
x
,
_
8
1
3 2
3
1
4

1
0
( )
x
e x dx +

1
3
0
( ) x x x dx +

2
1
( 1)( 1) x x x dx + +

dx
x x

,
_
+
2
1
3 2
1 1

2
1
3
2
2
dx
x
x x

dx
x
x x
e
+
2
1
7 5 2

IV.2) Phng php i bin s:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
VD1. Tnh tch phn sau : a) TN-THPT 2008. I =
. 16 ) ) 1 (
3
0
2
1
1
4 3 2
dx x x J b dx x x

+
Bi gii
a) t t = 1- x
3
vi x = -1, t = 2
x = 1, t = 0
dt = -3x
2
dx dt
t
dx x x dt dx x
3
) 1 (
3
1
4
4 3 2 2

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Khi : I =
. 15
32
0
2
15
1
3
1
5
2
0
4

t dt t
.
b) t t =
16
2
+ x
* t = 0, x= 4
* t = 3, x = 5

x
2
= t
2
16
xdx = tdt

J =
3
61
4
5
3
5
4
3
2

t
dt t
.
KL: Vy .....

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
IV.2.a) Dng 1: t u =
(x) (bin mi theo bin c)

Ch : i bin th phi i cn
Du hiu:
Cha (biu thc)
n
t u = biu
thc
Cha t u =

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Cha mu t u = mu
Cha sinx.dx t u = cosx
Cha cosx.dx t u = sinx
Cha
x
dx
t u = lnx
Bi tp : Tnh cc tch phn sau:
1
2
0
1 x x dx +
1
2
0
1 x x dx
1 2
3
0
1
x
dx
x +
1
3 2
0
1 x x dx +

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
1
3 2
0
1 x x dx
1
1 ln
e
x
dx
x
+
2
2
1 ln
ln
e
e
x
dx
x x
+
1
1 3ln ln
e
x x
dx
x
+
2
1
1 1
x
dx
x +
6
0
1 4sin xcosxdx

+
1
0
2 2
) 3 1 (
dx
x
x
2
0
sin
1 3
x
dx
cosx

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
+ +
+
1
0
2
3
1 2
dx
x x
x
2
sin
4
x
e cosxdx
2
1
2
0
x
e xdx
+

+
1
0
5
) 1 ( dx x
+
1
0
5 3 2
) 1 2 .( dx x x
( )
2
4
0
sin 1 cos +
x xdx

dx
x
e
e x
1
ln 2

dx
x
x

2
0
2
cos 4
2 sin

IV.2.b) Dng 2: t x =
(t) (bin c theo bin mi)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Ch : i bin th phi i cn
Du hiu:
2
1 x
dx
t x = sint
2 2
x a
dx
t x = a.sint

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
+
2
1 x
dx
t x = tant
+
2 2
x a
dx
t x = a.tant

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
dx x

1
0
2
1 dx x

2
0
2
4 dx x

3
0
2
9 dx
x
1
0
2
1
1
+
1
0
2
1 x
dx
+
2
0
2
4 x
dx
+
3
0
2
3 x
dx
+
2
0
2
2 x
dx
IV.3) Tch phn tng phn:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902

b
a
b
a
b
a
vdx u uv dx v u '. ' .
Du hiu:
b
a
dx x x P . sin ). (

b
a
dx x x P . cos ). (

b
a
x
dx e x P . ). (

b
a
dx x x P . ln ). (

b
a
x
dx x e . cos .

b
a
x
dx x e . sin .
t: t : t : t : t u, v = ci no

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
'
x v
x P u
sin '
) (
'
x v
x P u
cos '
) (
'
x
e v
x P u
'
) (
'
) ( '
ln
x P v
x u cng c. Tng
phn vng 2 ln.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
a)
2
0
. sin .
dx x x
b)
1
0
3
. dx e x
x
c)

2
0
cos ) 1 (
xdx x
d)

6
0
3 sin ) 2 (
xdx x

e)
2
0
2 sin .
xdx x
g)
e
xdx x
1
ln
h)

e
dx x x
1
2
. ln ). 1 (
k)
3
1
. ln . 4 dx x x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
l)
+
1
0
2
). 3 ln( . dx x x
m)
2
0
2
. cos .
dx x x
n)
+
2
0
2
. sin ). 2 (
dx x x x
p)
2
1
ln
e
x xdx

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
q)
2
2
0
xcos xdx
r)
1
x
0
e sinxdx
s)
2
0
sin xdx
t)
2
2
1
ln(1 x)
dx
x
+
u)
2
2
0
(x sin x)cosxdx
( TN - 2005)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
IV.4) Tch phn hm phn thc hu t:
dx
x Q
x P
b
a
) (
) (
Ghi nh:
1)
+ +
+
C b ax
a
dx
b ax
ln
1 1
2)
+ +
+
C b ax
a
k
dx
b ax
k
ln
3)

C
b x
a x
b a
dx
b x a x
ln
1
) )( (
1
4)
+ C x u dx
x u
x u
) ( ln
) (
) ( '

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Php chia a thc, tch a thc.
Phng php chung :
+ Nu bc a thc trn t bc a thc di mu th chia a thc ri s dng cc
nguyn hm dng 1), 2), 3) + Nu bc a thc trn t < bc a thc di mu th trc
ht xem th mu o hm c xut hin t hay khng, nu c th s dng cng thc 4)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
(hoc t u = mu), nu khng th dng k thut tch phn thc hoc p
2
ng nht ho
tch phn thc a v dng tng cc nguyn hm dng 1), 2), 3), 4) .
a)
+
+
1
0
1
3 2
dx
x
x
b)

+
1
0
1 3
3 2
dx
x
x
c)
+
+
1
0
2
1
1 3
dx
x
x x
d)
+
+ +
1
0
3
1
1
dx
x
x x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
e)
5
3
2
2 3
3 2
dx
x x
x
g)
+
+
1
0
4
3
2
2 4
dx
x x
x
h)

1
0
) 2 )( 4 (
1
dx
x x
k)
+
3
2
) 1 )( 4 (
3
dx
x x
l)
5
3
2
2 3
1 2
dx
x x
x
m)
1
0
2
15 8
1 2
dx
x x
x
n)
dx
x
x x

+ +
3
2
2
3
1
1
p)
+
+
0
1
2
2
2 3
9 9 2
dx
x x
x x
q)
+
+ +
0
1
2
2 3
2 3
9 9 6 2
dx
x x
x x x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
IV.5) Tch phn hm lng gic:
Cc cng thc cn nh:
cosa.cosb =
[ ] ) cos( ) cos(
2
1
b a b a + +
sin
2
x = 1 cos
2
x
cos
2
x = 1 sin
2
x
sina.sinb =
[ ] ) cos( ) cos(
2
1
b a b a +
sin
2
x =
2
2 cos 1 x
sina.cosb =
[ ] ) sin( ) sin(
2
1
b a b a + +
cos
2
x =
2
2 cos 1 x +

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Phng php chung:
Du hiu Hng gii
Cha cos(ax).cos(bx)
sin(ax).sin(bx)
sin(ax).cos(bx)
Bin i tch thnh tng
Cha m l i vi
sin, cos
Tch hm cha m l lm xut hin
cosx.dx ri t u = sinx,

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
hoc xut hin sinx.dx ri t u = cosx
Ch cha m chn
i vi sin, cos
S dng cng thc h bc
2
2
2 sin . 7 sin
xdx x

2
2
3 cos . 5 cos
xdx x

4
0
cos
2
sin
xdx
x

2
2
3 cos . 5 sin
xdx x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
xdx xcos sin
2
0
2
xdx x
3
2
0
2
cos sin
2
0
2 3
cos sin
xdx x dx x x
2
0
5 4
cos sin
2
0
3
cos
xdx

2
0
3
sin
xdx

2
0
5
cos
xdx

2
0
2
cos
xdx

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2
0
2
sin
xdx

2
0
4
sin
xdx

+
2
0
2 3
) cos (sin
dx x x

2
0
cos 2
sin
x
xdx

+
2
0
4 4
) cos (sin 2 cos
dx x x x

2
3
sin
1
dx
x
+
2
0
3
sin 2
cos
dx
x
x
4
0
2
3
cos
sin
dx
x
x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2
4
5 3
sin cos
xdx x

2
0
cos 2
sin
x
xdx

IV.6) Tch phn cha gi tr tuyt i:
Cn nh: + |A| = A , nu A 0
+ |A| = - A , nu A < 0

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
+ Cch xt du ca a thc, thng l nh thc, tam thc bc hai
+ Cch xt du ca hm lng gic ( cn c vo ng trn lng gic)
Phng php chung:
+ Xt du biu thc bn trong du gi tr tuyt i.
+ Da vo bng xt du tch cn tch phn trn tng min.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Cch khc: (dng khi biu thc bn trong | | kh xt du).Gi s cn tnh tch phn:
b
a
dx x f ) (
.
Bc 1: Gii pt: f(x) = 0 tm nhng nghim thuc
[ ] b a;
. Gi s c 2 nghim x
1
, x
2
[ ] b a;
,
(x
1
<x
2
).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Bc 2: Khi :
b
a
dx x f ) (
=

+ +
b
x
x
x
x
a
dx x f dx x f dx x f
2
2
1
1
) ( ) ( ) (
- Trng hp pt: f(x) = 0 khng c nghim thuc
[ ] b a;
th:
b
a
dx x f ) (
=
b
a
dx x f ) (

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Bi tp: Tnh cc tch phn sau:a)
3
3
2
1dx x
b)
+
2
0
2
3 4 dx x x
c)

2
0
1dx x x
d)

2
2
sin
dx x
e)
2
2
2
1 sin x dx
g)

dx x cos 1
h)
3
4
4
sin 2 x dx
k)
2
0
1 cos x dx
l)
+
5
2
) 2 2 ( dx x x
m)

3
0
4 2 dx
x

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
n)
4
2
1
x 3x 2 dx
p)
+
2
2
2
1
2
1
x 2 dx
x
q)
dx x x

2
0
5
. | 1 |
r)
dx x x
+
2
0
) 1 ( | 1 |
s)
0
1 cos2x dx
t)
dx x x

2
0
2
u)
e
e
dx x
1
. ln
v)

3
2
4 2 dx
x
w)
1
1
1dx e
x
IV.7)ng dng:
IV.7.1) Tnh din tch hnh phng:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
1) D ang 1 : 2)
Dang 2 :
(H):
( )
0, (truc hoanh Ox)
,
y f x
y
x a x b

'
(H):
( )
( )
,
y f x
y g x
x a x b

'

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Phng php:
Gii pt: f(x) = 0 tm nghim
[ ] b a;
Gi s c 2 nghim x
1
, x
2
[ ] b a; , (x
1
<x
2
)
S
(H)
=

+ +
b
x
x
x
x
a
dx x f dx x f dx x f
2
2
1
1
) ( ) ( ) (
Lu : Trng hp hnh phng (H) khng
c cc ng: x = a, x = b th ta gii pt:
f(x) = 0 tm nghim, s dng cc nghim
lm cn tch phn.
Phng php:
Gii pt: f(x) g(x) = 0 tm nghim
[ ] b a;
Gi s c 2 nghim x
1
, x
2
[ ] b a; , (x
1
<x
2
)
S
(H)
=
1 2
1 2
( ) ( ) ( )
x x b
a x x
f g dx f g dx f g dx + +

Lu : Trng hp hnh phng (H) khng
c cc ng: x = a, x = b th ta gii pt:
f(x) g(x) = 0 tm nghim, s dng cc
nghim lm cn tch phn.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
(Cch khc: xt du biu thc bn trong du | | )
Bi tp 1: Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng:
a)
3 2
2 y x x x
v Ox b)
2
4 3 y x x +
v y = x -1

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
c)
2
2 y x x
; y = 0; x = -1;x =2 d)
3
18 20 y x x + +
v y = 2x + 20
e) y = e
2x
; y = 1; x = 1 f)
2
sin y x
; y = 0; x = 0;
2
x

g)
2
2 y x x
v
2
4 y x x +
h) y = e
x
, y = e
-x
, x = 1
i)
2
ln x
y
x
; y = 0; x = 1; x = e j)
ln
2
x
y
x
; y = 0; x = 1; x = e

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Bi tp 2: Cho
2
3 1
1
x x
y
x
+ +
+
(C).
Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi :(C), y = 0, x = 0, x = 1.
IV.7.2) Tnh the tch vat the tron xoay :
(H)
( )
0, (truc Ox)
,
y f x
y
x a x b

'

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Quay quanh Ox
V =
2
[f(x)]
b
a
dx
Bi tp: Tnh th tch vt th trn xoay sinh ra khi quay hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng
sau quanh trc Ox.
a)
2
2 y x x
; y = 0; x = -1;x =2 b)
2
2 y x x
; y = 0.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
c)
sin y x
; y = 0; x = 0;
2
x

d)
ln
2
x
y
x
; y = 0; x = 1; x = e
e) y = x.e
x
, x = 2, y = 0

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
NOI DUNG V.
S phc .

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Kin thc gip hc sinh hiu bn cht ca tp s phc cng
vi cc php ton ca s phc: cng tr hai s phc. nhn hai s
phc v chia hai s phc. c bit hc sinh p dng cc tnh cht
ca s thc vo s phc.y l chng trnh mi, tng nh kh i
vi hc sinh nhng vi kin thc thi tt nghip li rt n gin v

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
hc sinh rt d lm c phn ny. phn ny ti xin a mt s
dng bi tp sau y.
thi tt nghip cc nm.
Bai 1 : TN 2010. 1) CH : Cho hai so phc z
1
= 1 + 2i va z
2
= 2
3i. Xac nh phan thc va phan ao cua so phc : z
1
2z
2
.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2) NC : Cho hai so phc z
1
= 2 + 5i va z
2
= 3
4i. Xac nh phan thc va phan ao cua so phc z
1
.z
2
.
Bai 2 : TN 2009.Giai phng trnh tren tap phc : 1) CH : 8z
2
-
4z + 1 = 0.
2) NC : 2z
2
iz +
1 = 0

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Bai 3 : TN PB-2008. Tnh gia tr cua bieu thc : P =
2 2
) 3 1 ( ) 3 1 ( i i + +
.
Bai 4 : TN PB -2007. Giai phng trnh tren tap phc : x
2
- 4x +
7= 0.
Bai 5 : TN PB -2006. Giai phng trnh tren tap phc : 2x
2
- 5x +
4 = 0.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
V.1)L thuyt :
1) Cc nh ngha:
* Cho a v b l hai s thc v i l n v o ( i
2
= -1), khi :z = a + bi c gi l
mt s phc.
a: c gi l phn thc
b: c gi l phn o

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* S phc (a - bi) gi l s phc lin hp ca s phc (a + bi) v ngc li
* M un ca s phc z = a + bi l | z | =
2 2
a b +
* Biu din hnh hc ca s phc: Mi s phc z = a + bi c biu din
bi mt im M(a;b) trn mt phng to Oxy
2) Cc php ton v tnh cht c bn:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* (a + bi) = (c + di)
a c
b d

'
* (a + bi) + (c + di) = (a + c) + (b + d)i

* (a + bi) - (c + di) = (a - c) + (b - d)i
* (a + bi).(c + di) = nhn bnh thng nh nhn a thc
*
( )( )
( )( )
a bi a bi c di
c di c di c di
+ +
+ +
= (nhn t v mu cho s phc lin hp mu)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
3) Cn bc hai ca s thc m:
Mi s thc m a c 2 cn bc hai l i
| | a
v - i
| | a
V d : s -7 c 2 cn bc hai l i 7 v - i 7
s -9 c 2 cn bc hai l 3i v -3i
4) Phng trnh bc hai vi h s thc:
ax
2
+ bx + c = 0 , (a,b,c R ) (1)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* >0 : pt (1) c 2 nghim thc phn bit :
1
2
b
x
a
+
,
2
2
b
x
a

* = 0 : pt (1) c nghim (thc) kp:

1 2
2
b
x x
a

* < 0 : pt (1) c 2 nghim phc phn bit:
1
| |
2
b i
x
a
+
,
2
| |
2
b i
x
a

V.2) Cc dng bi tp thng gp :

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
V.2Dng 1: Cc bi ton lin quan n cc nh ngha v cc php ton:
Bi tp 1: Tm cc s thc x v y, bit
a) 4x + 3 + (3y 2)i = y + 1 + (x 3)i
b) x + 2y + (2x y)i = 2x + y + (x + 2)i
Bi tp 2: Xc nh phn thc v phn o ca cc s phc sau:
a) z = (0 i) (2 3i) + (7 + 8i) b) z = (0 i)(2 + 3i)(5 + 2i)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
c) z =
6
3 2
i
i
+
d) z = (7 3i)
2
(2 i)
2
Bi tp 3: Cho s phc z = 2 3i. Hy tnh:
a) z
2
b) z c)
1
z
d) z + z
2
+ z
3
e)
1
z
z
+
Bi tp 4: Cho s phc
( ) ( ) i 3 1 i 5 2 z +
. Tm s phc lin hp ca s phc z .
Bi tp 5: Tnh mun ca s phc z, bit :

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
a) z = 2 3i b) z = (2 3i ) + (2 +3i )
2
c) ( ) ( ) i 5 i 2 i 2 1 z
2
+ +
d)
12 6
3 3
z i +
e) ( )
( )
2
1 1 3 z i i + f) z = i
Bi tp 6: Tm s phc z bit |z| = 5 v phn thc ca z bng hai ln phn o ca n.
2/ Dng 2: Bi ton tnh ton, gii phng trnh:
Bi tp 1: Thc hin cc php tnh

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
a) (2 + 3i)(3 i) + (2 3i)(3 + i) b)
2 2
2 1
2 1
2 2
i
i
i
i
+
+
+
c)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
i
i i
i
i i
+
+
+
+ +
2
2 1
2
2 1
d) (2 + 3i)
2
- (2 - 3i)
2
e)
( )
( )
3
5
1
1
i
i
+
Bi tp 2: Gii cc phng trnh sau trn tp s phc C:
a) (5 7i) + 3 z = (2 5i)(1 + 3i) b) 5 2iz = (3 + 4i)(1 3i)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
c) ( ) 2 2 3 2 3 2 i i z i + + d) x
2
6x + 29 = 0
e) 3z
2
+ 2z + 7 = 0 f) 2x
4
+ 3x
2
5 = 0
g) z
4
+ z
2
6 = 0 h) z
3
8 = 0 i) z
4
16 = 0
Bi tp 3.. Tm x, y tho mn : a) (2x+3y)+(x+2)i = (x+y+3)+
(x+y+1)i ; S : x = y = 1

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
b) (4x-y-2)+(3x+y-1)i = (x+y-3)+
(x+4y-5)i. S : x = 1 ; y =2
Bi tp 4. Tm z+z
1
; z- z
1
; z.z
1 ;
1
z
z

bit a) z = 2+2i; z
1
=5-i ;
b) z = 4+7i; z
1
= -2+3i.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Bi tp 5 Thc hin cc php tnh: a) z = (1+2i)
2
+(1-2i)
2
b) z =
(4+3i)
2
+ (4 3i)
2

Bi tp 6. Tnh mun ca s phc z/z
1
bit: a) z = 3+5i; z
1
= 1-2i
b) z = 2-3i; z
1
= 4+3i.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
Bi tp 7. Tnh mun ca s phc sau: a) z = (3+i)
3
b) z =
(2-3i)
3
b) z = (3-2i)
4
.
Bi tp 8. Gii phng trnh sau trn tp s phc: a) x
2
- 2x + 5 = 0;
b) 3x
2
- x + 4 = 0;

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
c) x
3
+ 3x - 4 = 0;
d) x
3
+x
2
+ 5x - 7 = 0.
NHN XT:
* Cu ny HS trung bnh v TB yu c th lm c.
* Dng bi tp ch yu l cc bi s dng cc php ton: cng; tr; nhn ; chia 2 s
phc, cn bc hai ca s phc. BT gii phng trnh bc hai.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
* Hc sinh khng bit gii phng trnh bc hai( HS hay dng
my tnh).
NOI DUNG VI.
hnh hc: ph ng php to trong khng gian
thi tt nghip cc nm
TN 2 000-2001: (2,5) . Trong khng gian oxyz cho im A(1;0;0); B(1;1;1) ; C(
3
1
;
3
1
;
3
1
)

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
1. Vit PTmp(P) vung gc vi ng thng OC ti C. Chng minh ba imO; B; C
thng hng. Xt v tr tng i ca mt cu ( S) tm B, bn knh 2 R vi mt
phng (P)
2. Vit phng trnh hnh chiu vung gc ca ng thng AB ln mt phng (P).
TN 01-02:(2,5). Trong khng gian oxyz cho mt phng (P): x+ y + z 1= 0 v (d)
1
1
1 1

z y x
1. Vit PT chnh tcca ng thng l giao tuyn ca MP (P) vi cc mt phng to .

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2. Tnh th tch ca khi t din ABCD, bit A;B;C l giao im ca (P) vi cc trc ox,
oy, oz, cn D l giao im ca ng (d) vi mt phng oxy.
3. Vit PT mt cu (S) i qua 4 im A, B, C, D. Xc nh to tm v bn knh ng
trn l giao tuyn ca (S) vi mt phng (ACD).
TN 02-03: (2,5). Trong khng gian oxyz, cho 4 im A, B, C, D c to xc nh bi cc
h thc: A= (2; 4; -1) ; k j i OD k j i OB + + 2 2 ; 4 ; C=(2;4;3).
1. CMR: cc cp AB v AC; AC v AD; AD v AB i mt vung gc vi nhau . Tnh ABCD
V
.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2. Vit PT tham s ng vung gc chung (d) ca AB v CD. Tnh gc gia (d) v
mp(ABD).
3.Vit PT mt cu (S) i qua A, B, C, D. Vit PT tip din ca mt cu (S) bit mt phng
tip din song vi mp(ABD).
TN 03-04: ( 2,5). Trong khng gian oxyz cho 4 im A(1;-1;2), B(1;3;2), C(4;3;2), D(4;-
1;2).
1. CMR bn im ng phng.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2. Gi A
l hnh chiu vung gc ca A ln mt phng oxy. Hy vit PT mt cu (S) i qua

bn im B,C,D,A
.
3. Vit PT tip din ca mt cu (S) ti im A
.
TN 04-05:(2 ). Trong khng gian h to oxyz, cho mt cu (S):
0 3 4 2 2
2 2 2
+ + + + z y x x y x
v 2 ng thng
( ) ( )
1 1 1
1
:
0 2
0 2 2
:
2 1
'

+
x y x
d
z x
y x
d
1. CMR 2 ng thng cho nhau.
2. Vit PT mt phng tip din ca (S), bit tip din song song vi c 2 ng thng trn.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 05-06 kpb: (2). Trong khng gian to oxyz cho 3 ieemr A(1;0;-1), B(1;2;1),
C(0;2;0). Gi G l trng tm tam gic ABC.
1. Vit PT ng thng OG.
2. Vit PT mt cu i qua 4 im O,A,B.C.
3. Vit PT cc mt phng vung gc vi ng thng OG v tip xc vi mt cu (S).
TN 05-06 KHTN: (2). Trong khng gian oxyz cho 3 im A(2;0;0), B(0;3;0), C(0;0;6).
1. Vit PT mt phng i qua 3 im A,B,C. Tnh din tch tam gic ABC.
2. Gi G l trng tm tam gic ABC. Vit PT mt cu ng knh OG.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 05-06 KHXH: (2). Trong khng gian to oxyz cho 3 im A(-1;1;2), B(0;1;1),
C(1;0;4).
1. CMR tam gic ABC vung. Vit PT tham s ng thng AB.
2. Gi M l im sao cho MC MB 2 . Vit PT mt phng i qua M v vung gc vi
BC.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 06-07 KPB: (2). Trong khng gian vi h to oxyz, cho ng thng (d) c PT
0
3
1
2
1
1
2
z y x
v mt phng (P) c PT x- y + 3z +2 = 0.
1. Tm to giao im ca ng thng v mt phng.
2. Vit PT mt phng cha ng thng (d) v vung gc vi mt phng (P).
TN 06-07 KHTN: (2).
Trong khng gian h trc oxyz, cho im M(-1;-1;0) v mt phng (P) c PT: x + y -2z - 4 =
0.
1. Vit PT mt phng (Q) i qua dim M v song song vi (P).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2. Vit PT tham s ca ng thng (d) i qua M v vung gc vi
mt phng (P). Tm to giao im H ca (d) vi mt phng (p).
TN 06-07KHXH: (2)
Trong khng gian to oxyz, cho im E(1;2;3) v mt phng (p) c PT: x+ 2y -2z +6 =0.
1. Vit PT mt cu (S) c tm l gc to v tip xc vi mt phng (P).
2. Vit PT tham s ca ng thng (d) i qua E v vung gc vi mt phng (P).
TN 06-07 KPB ln 2: (2). Trong khng gian oxyz cho 2 ng thng (d) v (d
) ln lt c
PT:

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
( ) ( )
'
+

+
t z
t y
t x
d va
z y x
d
3 1
2 1
1
:
1
1
2
2
1
1
:
'
1.CMR 2 ng thng vung gc vi nhau.
2.Vit PT mt phng i qua im K(1;-2;1) v vung gc vi ng thng (d
).
TN 06-07 KHTN ln2: (2). Trong khng gian h trc oxyz, cho 2 im E(1;-4;5) v
F(3;2;7).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
1.Vit PT mt cu i qua im F v c tm l E.
2.Vit PT mt phng trung trc ca on EF.
TN 06-07 KHXH ln2: (2). Trong khng gian h trc oxyz, cho 2im M(1;0;2), N(3;1;5)
v
ng thng (d):
'

+
+
t z
t y
t x
6
3
2 1
1.Vit PT mt phng (P) i qua M v vung gc vi (d).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2.Vit phng trnh tham s ng thng MN.
TN 07-08 KHTN: (2).
Trong khng gian to oxyz, cho im A(3;-2;-2) v mt phng (P) c PT: 2x 2y + z -1
=0.
1.Vit PT ng thng i qua A v vung gc vi mp (P).
2.Tnh khong cch t A n mp (P). vit PT mp (Q) sao cho (Q)
song song vi (P) v khong cch gia 2 mt phng bng khong cch t
A n (P).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 07-08 KHXH: (2). Trong htd oxyz cho tam gic ABC vi A(1;4;-1), B(2;4;3), C(2;2;-1).
1.Vit PT mp i qua A v vung gc vi ng thng BC.
2.Tm to im D sao cho t gic ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.
TN 07-08 KHTN ln 2: (2). Trong khng gian h trc to oxyz cho cc im M(1;-2;0),
N(3;4;2) v mt phng (P) 2x+2y+z-7=0.
1.Vit PT ng thng MN.
2.tnh khong cch t trung im ca on thng MN n mt phng (P).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 7-08KHXH ln2: (2). Trong khng gian h trc Oxyz,cho im A(2;-1;3) v (P) x -2y
+z-10 =0.
1.Tnh khong cch t A n mt phng (P).
2.Vit PT ng thng i qua A v vung gc vi (P).
TN 07-08 KPB ln2: (2 ). Trong khng gian to oxyz, cho im M(-2;1;-2) v ng
thng
(d) c PT:
2 1
1
2
1 z y x
.
1.CMR ng thng OM vung gc vi ng thng (d).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
2.Vit PT mt phng i qua im M v vung gc vi ng thng (d).
TN 08 -09CH: Cho (S): (x-1)
2
+(y-2)
2
+(z-2)
2
= 36 v (P): x + 2y + 2z + 18
= 0
1. Xc nh to tm T ca mt cu (S), tnh khong cch t T ti
mp(P).
2. Vit PTTS ca ng thng d i qua T v vung gc mp(P). Tm
to giao im ca dv (P).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 08-09 NC : Trong khong gian Oxyz , cho iem A(1;-2;3) va (d) :
1
3
1
2
2
1
+ z y x
.
1. Viet phng trnh tong quat cua mat phang i qua iem A
va vuong goc vi thang (d).
2. Tnh khoang cach t iem A en ng thang (d). Viet
phng trnh mat cau tam A tiep xuc vi ng thang (d).

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
TN 09-10 CH : Trong khong gian Oxyz , cho 3 iem A(1;0;0), B(0;2;0)
va C(0;0;3).
1. Viet phng trnh mat phang i qua A va vuong goc vi
ng thang BC.
2. Tm toa o tam mat cau ngoai tiep t dien OABC.
TN 09-10 NC : Trong khong gian Oxyz cho ng thang (d) :
1
1
2
1
2

z y x
.

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902
1. Tnh khoang cach t O en ng thang (d).
2. Viet phng trnh mat phang i qua iem O va ng thang
(d).
I. Kin thc : Cung cp cho hc sinh to ca im, vect v cc
php ton.
* Phng php lp phng trnh mt phng: Mu cht l bit qua 1
im v tm 1 VTPT ca mp .

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SO
T: 0978126902
* Phng php lp phng trnh ng thng tham s v chnh tc:
Mu cht l bit i qua 1 im v bit 1 VPCP ca ng thng .
* Phng trnh mt cu,VTT ca mp vi mt cu v cc kin thc
lin quan n mt cu.
Tiu ch: y l dng bi tp n gin dy hc sinh lm sao lm c
t nht 1 im.
Bi tp phn ny ta cn rn luyn cho hc sinh k nng lm cc dng
ton:

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* Tm c to ca vc t v ca im.
* Lp phng trnh mt phng.
* Lp phng trnh ng thng.
* Khong cch t im ti mt phng.
* Mt s bi ton khc.
VD1. Cho A(1;-2;4), B(2;1;1), C(1;-2;3).
a) Lp phng trnh mt phng (ABC);
b) Lp phng trnh mt phng trung trc ca on thng AB;

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c) Lp phng trnh ng thng cha cc cnh tam gic ABC;
d) Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua A v vung gc
mp(ABC).
e) Tm im M tho mn
CB AB AM 2 3
.
VD2. Cho mp(P): 2x-2y-z+3=0 v 3 im A(1;2;-3), B(2;3;-1), C(3;1;1)
a) Lp phng trnh ng thng d cha cnh AB;
b) Tm to giao im ca d vi mp(P).

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T: 0978126902
c) Tm M trn d sao cho khong cch t M ti mp(P) c gi tr
bng 2;
d) Tm N trn Ox sao cho khong cch t N ti mp(P) bng 3.
VD3. Cho mt cu (S): x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
- 2x + 4y -2z - 3 = 0 v mp(P) : 2x - 2y
+ z - 3 = 0.
a) Xt VTT ca mt cu (S) vi mp(P) ;
b) Lp phng trnh tip din ca (S) bit //mp(P).
VD4. Trong khng gian ta Oxyz cho hai ng thng :

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SO
T: 0978126902
1
1
( ) :
1 1 1
x y z

; ( 2
):
2
1
x t
y t
z t

'
v mt cu (S): x
2
+ y
2
+z
2
2z + 2y +4z 3 = 0.
a) Chng minh rng (
1
) v (
2
) cho nhau.
b) Vit phng trnh mp(
) tip xc vi mt cu (S), bit mp(
) song song vi hai ng

thng (
1
) v (
2
).

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SO
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VD5. Trong khng gian ta Oxyz cho hai ng thng
( )
1
12 10
:
3 1 2
x y z

v ( 2
):
1 6
2 2
1 4
x t
y t
z t
+

'
.
a) Chng minh rng (
1
) song song (
2
).
b)Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) cha (
1
) v (
2
)..
c) Vit phng trnh mt cu (S) c tm I thuc (
1
) v tip xc vi c hai mt phng (
): 2x + y + z + 1 = 0 v (): x 2y + z 3 = 0.

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SO
T: 0978126902
2. Bi tp p dng
Bi 1. Cho ba im A(1;0;0), B(0;0;1), C(2;1;1).
a) Chng minh rng A, B, C l ba nh ca mt tam gic.
b) Tnh chu vi v din tch ABC.
c) Tm ta nh D t gic ABDC l hnh bnh hnh.
d) Tnh di ng cao ca ABC h t nh A.
e) Tnh cc gc ca ABC.
Bi 2. Cho bn im A(1; 0; 0), B(0; 1; 0), C(0; 0; 1), D(-2; 1; -1).

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a) Chng minh rng A, B, C, D l bn nh ca mt t din.
b) Tm gc to bi cc cnh i din ca t din ABCD.
c) Tnh th tch t din ABCD v tnh di ng cao ca t din h t
nh A
Bi3. Vit phng trnh mt phng trong cc trng hp sau:
a) i qua im M ( 1 ; - 2 ; 3 ) v song song vi mp (P) c pt : 2x -3y +z - 5=0.
b) L mt phng trung trc ca oan thng MN bit M( 1 ; -3 ; 2 ) v N ( 5 ; 1 -2 )

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SO
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c) i qua A, B, C bit ( )
0;1; 2 A
, ( ) 2; 2;1 B
, ( )
2; 0;1 C
d) i qua im M( 1 ; -3 ; 2 ) v vung goc vi ng thng
1
1 3
:
2 1 1
x y z
d
+

e) Cha ng thng
1
: 1 2
2
x t
d y t
z t
+
'
v vung gc vi mp (P): 2 4 0 x y z +

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SO
T: 0978126902
Bi 4. Lp phng trnh ng thng trong cc trng hp sau:
a. i qua hai im M( 2 ; 1 ; 3 ) v N (2; - 3 ; 2 )
b. i qua iem A(2; 0; -3) va vuong goc vi mp (P) : 2x 3y + 5z 4 = 0
c. L giao tuyn ca hai mp : (P) : 3x y + 4z + 1 = 0,(Q) : 2x + 3y + z + 7 =
0.

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SO
T: 0978126902
Bai 5 Trong khng gian cho ng thng d c pt
1 1
:
3 2 1
x y z +

v mt phng ( P ) c
phng trnh 3x 2y + z 4 = 0 v im M( 1 ; -3 ; 2 ).
a) Chng minh rng d vung gc vi mp (P)
b) Tim hnh chiu vung gc ca M ln mt phng (P)
c) Tm im M i xng vi M qua ng thng d
NHAN XET :

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* Cc bi tp phn ny rt a dng: tnh to im, to vc t; tnh tch v
hng, c hng ca 2 vc t.Vit PT mt phng, phng trnh ng thng. Tnh
th tch, din tch, gc, khong cch. Chng minh s ng phng, tnh vung gc,
tnh song song
* i vi i tng HS yu, trung bnh GV ch nn tp trung hng dn gii cc bi
ton c bn, khng c iu kin phc tp. Tp trung rn k nng tnh ton, nht l
vi mi dng ton GV nn a ra 1 phng phap.

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SO
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* Hcsinh hay qun cng thc.

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SO
T: 0978126902

Sn.
SO
T: 0978126902

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SO
T: 0978126902
NOI DUNG VII.
Hnh hc khng gian tng hp.
Hnh hc khng gian (tng hp): Tnh din tch xung quanh ca hnh
nn trn xoay, hnh tr trn xoay; tnh th tch khi lng tr, khi chp, khi
nn trn xoay, khi tr trn xoay; tnh din tch mt cu v th tch khi cu.

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SO
T: 0978126902
Ch n cc dng ton v hnh chp u, hnh chp c
mt cnh bn vung gc vi y. Lin h v p dng HT Oxyz vo
gii ton.
TN 2010 : Cho hnh chop S.ABCD co ay ABCD la hnh vuong canh
a, canh ben SA vuong goc vi mat phang ay, goc gia mat
phang (SBD) va mat phang ay bang 60
0
. Tnh the tch khoi
chop S.ABCD theo a.

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SO
T: 0978126902
TN 2009: Cho hnh chp S.ABC c mt bn SBC l tam gic u cnh a,
cnh bn SA vung gc vi mt y v gc A ca tam gic ABC bng 120
0
,
tnh th tch ca khi chp S.ABC theo a.
TN PB 2008: Cho hnh chp tam gic u S.ABC c cnh y bng a,
cnh bn bng 2a. Gi I l trung im ca cnh BC.
a) Chng minh SA vung gc vi BC.
b) Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABI theo a.

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SO
T: 0978126902
TN PB 2007 : Cho hnh chp S.ABC c tam gic ABC vung ti B, SA
vung gc mp(ABC). Bit SA=AB=BC=a. Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABC.
TN PB 2006 : Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y l hnh vung cnh a, SA
vung gc vi y v SB= 3 a .
a) Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABCD.
b) Chng minh trung im cnh SC l tm mt cu ngoi tip
hnh chp S.ABCD.

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T: 0978126902
TN PB 2007L2 : Cho hnh chp t gic S.ABCD c y l hnh vung cnh a, cnh bn
SA vung gc vi y v SA = AC. Tnh th tch khi chp.
TN PB 200 6 : Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y l tam gic vung ti B, ng thng SA
ung gc vi (ABC) .Bit AB = a, BC = a 3 , SA = 3a.
1.Tnh th tch khi chp.
2.Gi I l trung im cnh SC, tnh di on BI theo a.
V d p dng

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SO
T: 0978126902
VD1. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c SA mp(ABC) v tam gic ABC vung ti B.
Bit SA = AC = 2a; BC = a.
a) CMR: BC (SAB);
b) Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABC;
c) Tnh khong cch t A n mp(SBC);
d) Tnh khong cch t I n mp(SBC) bit I l trung im
AC.

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SO
T: 0978126902
VD2. Cho hnh chp tam gic u S.ABC c cnh y bng a, cnh bn bng 2a. Gi I l
trung im ca cnh BC.
a) CMR SA vung gc vi BC.
b) Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABI theo a ?
VD3. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y l tam gic vung ti B, AB = a, BC = 2a,
SA = 2a, SA vung gc vi mt phng (ABC). Gi M l trung im ca SC.

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SO
T: 0978126902
a) CMR tam gic MAB cn ti M.
b) Tnh th tch khi chp SABC v th tch khi chp S.AMB ?
VD4. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y l tam gic ABC vung ti B, ng thng SA vung
gc vi mt phng (ABC). Xc nh tm v tnh bn knh mt cu ngoi tip hnh chp
S.ABC

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SO
T: 0978126902
VD5.Mt hnh tr c bn knh y R = 2 , chiu cao h = 2 . Mt hnh vung c cc nh
nm trn hai ng trn y sao cho c t nht mt cnh khng song song v khng vung
gc vi trc ca hnh tr . Tnh cnh ca hnh vung .
VD6. Cho t din SABC c ba cnh SA,SB,SC vung gc vi nhau tng i mt vi SA =
1cm,SB = SC = 2cm .Xc nh tm v tnh bn knh ca mt cu ngoi tip t din , tnh din
tch ca mt cu v th tch ca khi cu .

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SO
T: 0978126902
VD7. Mt hnh nn c nh S , khong cch t tm O ca y n dy cung AB ca y bng
a ,
30 SAO
o
,
60 SAB
o
. Tnh di ng sinh theo a .
VD8. Cho hnh lng tr tam gic u ABC.ABC c tt c cc cnh u bng a .Tnh th
tch ca hnh lng tr v din tch ca mt cu ngoi tip hnh lng tr theo a
VD9. Cho hnh chp S.ABCD bit SA mp(ABCD), bit y l hnh
vung cnh a v SA = 2a.

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SO
T: 0978126902
a) Tnh din tch ton phn ca hnh chp.
b) CM cc mt bn ca hnh chp l cc tam gic vung.
c) Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABCD.
NHN XT: Dnh cho HS trung bnh kh tr ln.
* y l kin thc kh vi hc sinh. GV ch n nhng bi ton v khi t din, khi
chp, khi hp, khi tr, khi nn, khi cu c bn, c bit.

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SO
T: 0978126902
* Cc bi ton tp trung vo bi ton chng minh tnh vung gc, tnh di on
thng, khong cch, tnh din tch v th tch, xc nh tm v bn knh m/c ni ngoi tip
khi a din.
HET.

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SO
T: 0978126902

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SO
T: 0978126902

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SO
T: 0978126902

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- 1 - GIAO VIEN : Trng

Trn cc khong (-1;0) v (1; +) , y>0 nn hm s ng bin

h s gc ca tip tuyn cn lp l: k = y(1) = -5

Phng trnh tip tuyn l: y = -5(x-1) + 4 hay y = -5x + 9;

x=3 hay x=0.

x=1 hay x=4/3.

TN 2003:1. Tm nguyn hm ca HS sau: ( )

(x) (bin mi theo bin c)

(t) (bin c theo bin mi)

* (a + bi) + (c + di) = (a + c) + (b + d)i

* = 0 : pt (1) c nghim (thc) kp:

V.2) Cc dng bi tp thng gp :

l hnh chiu vung gc ca A ln mt phng oxy. Hy vit PT mt cu (S) i qua

) tip xc vi mt cu (S), bit mp(

) song song vi hai ng

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