Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50

LI GII THIU
Trong thi i bng n thng tin v pht trin x hi nh hin nay th vic giao lu
mi mt gia cc quc gia trn th gii, cc khu vc hay n gin ch l cc vng trn cng mt
lnh th l rt cn thit. Vic giao lu c th din trn nhiu phng thc nh: thng tin v
tinh, thng tin quang, hay thng tin vi ba sSong truyn bng sng v tuyn trn cc ng
vi ba gi mt vai tr quan trng, v c s dng nhiu lnh vc khc nhau: pht thanh, truyn
tin, an ninh, ng b hay d phng.
u im ni bt ca hnh thc thng tin sng ngn hay vi ba s n gin cht lng
vn m boNhng nhc im ca hnh thc ny l thng tin khng n nh v chu nhiu
nh hng ca mi trng, c bit l hin phainh. Do vy m vic thit k tuyn vi ba i hi
phi c th v chnh xc.
L mt sinh vin, vic thit k mt tuyn truyn vi ba s gip cho em c thm cc k
nng v t duy v k nng thc t, t gip chng em c th cng c v m rng kin thc
chuyn ngnh, c bit l kh nng tnh ton, phn tch v x l s liu ph hp vi thc t.
Bi thit k c chia lm hai phn chnh:
-Phn l thuyt: nu ln cc yu cu thit k v trnh t thc hin thit k tuyn
- Phn thit k: Nu cc tnh ton thc t v kim tra cht lng ng truyn
Bi thit k c thc hin trong thi gian ngn, v nhng hiu bit cn hn ch. Do vy
khng th trnh khi nhng sai st. Qua y , em xin gi li cm n chn thnh n thy gio
Lu c Thun, v c gio Nguyn Diu Linh a hng dn em hon thnh bi tp ny.

THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
1
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50

PH LC

Trang
M U 2
A: PHN L THUYT 3
I. Mc tiu v yu cu:
1. Mc tiu k thut 3
2. Mc tiu kinh t 3
3. Quy nh chung cho thit k tuyn vi ba s 4
4. Tnh ton cc thng s 4
II. Cc bc thit k tuyn vi ba s 4
1. Kho st v tr t trm 4
2. Chon tn s lm vic 5
3. Tnh cao Anten 6
4. Tnh cc nhn t nh hng v cc tham s 8
a. Cc nhn t nh hng n ng truyn 8
b. Cc tham s ng truyn 8
5. Cc thng s cht lng ng truyn 9

B: PHN THIT K TUYN VI BA
I.Cc thng s ca tuyn v c tnh thit b 10
1. Cc thng s ca tuyn 10
2. Cc thng s ca thit b 11
II. Tnh ton cc gi tr ng truyn 11
1. li qu t 11
2. Khong h ng truyn 12
3. cao ct Anten 13
4. Suy hao h thng 13
5. Cc gi tr ca thit b thu pht 14
III. Kim tra cht lng ng truyn
1. d tr Phainh 14
2. Mc ngng my thu 14
3. Xc sut t ti ngng 14
4. Thi gian Phainh 14
5. Xc sut Phainh phng 14
6. Kh nng s dng ca tuyn 15
KT LUN CHUNG 16



THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
2
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
: THIT LP TUYN VI BA S T H NI _THI NGUYN

A. PHN L THUYT:
I. Muc tiu v yu cu :
Khi thit k tuyn truyn dn vi ba s th chng ta phi m bo cc ch tiu k thut ca
tuyn t ra, p ng cc yu cu phc v, v m bo tnh kinh t .
1. Mc tiu v k thut :
m bo cc tiu chun k thut theo CCITR, tc l thi gian gin on cho php. Theo
, xc sut li bt cho php ca tuyn truyn vi ba s l BER< 10
-3
vi cc tuyn di nh hn
280 km.
kh dng Av ca h thng ( tc l kh nng cng tc ca h thng) c m bo khi thit
k:
- 99,98 % thi gian lm vic tt. C th nh: Nu l lin lc thoi th trong 3 thng bt k
khng c qu 30 cuc thoi b gin on.
- Cng thc tnh kh dng ca h thng theo CCITR (99.98%) l:

) *
100
* 2500 ( 100
2 1
S
b
T
T T T
L
A
+

Trong :
A: kh dng ca h thng
L : Chiu di tuyn thit k
T
1
: Thi gian gin on ca mt hng (s)
T
2
: Thi gian gin on ca hng ngc li(s)
Tb: Thi gian mt lin lc khi pht 2 hng song cng
Ts: Tng thi gian nghin cu(s)
2. Mc tiu kinh t:
Vi bt k h thng k thut no u tun th theo quy lut tng tc gia chi ph u t
v hiu qu ca sn xut c th hin qua cht lng ca sn phm. H thng vin thng cng
vy. Nu t s BER m thp th cht lng dch v s tng, v nh vy th chi ph u vo s
cao. Vy mc ch kinh t u tin l thit k tuyn c cht lng cao m chi ph hp l nht
Do vy, ngi thit k phi tnh ton chnh xc cc thng s k thut theo tiu chun quy
nh, tnh ton n mc ch s dng ca h thng v c tnh hnh ti chnh ca n v thi cng,
t la chn thit b cho ph hp, nhm trnh lng ph v t hiu sut cao nht.
Vic thit k tuyn vi ba s gia VTI v bu in thnh ph Thi Nguyn l cn thit, bi n kt
ni t trung tm thng tin lin lc v cc tnh l, nhm ph sng trn din rng, p ng nhu cu
ca nhn dn, c bit l vng su v vng xa, ni c a hnh phc tp. Tuy nhin vic lp t
trm l kh khn hn do a hnh phc tp v c mt s khu vc ng dn c. V vy, vic tnh
ton chi ph phi chi tit v c th tn dng nhng iu kin c.
3. Mt s quy inh chung cho thit k tuyn Vi ba s:
Vic thit k mt tuyn thng tin ni chung v vi ba s ni chung cn da trn mt s quy
nh sau:
- D n bo co kh thi c cp c thm quyn ph duyt
- H s kho st, thuyt minh chnh xc v ni dung xy lp v cc tiu chun k thut yu
cu.
- Cc tiu chun, quy trnh, quy phm ca ngnh quy nh.
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
3
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
- Cc nh mc, d ton c lin quan p ng cho vic thit k, thit k phi da trn kho
st thc a.
- Vic la chn tn s khi khai thc s c ng k vi cc tn s.
- An ton cho thit b v ngi khai thc
4. Tnh ton cc thng s:
+ Tnh ton ng truyn dn
+ Tnh ton ch tiu cht lng
+ Tnh ton thi gian mt thng tin
+ Lp t thit b, anten, a h thng vo hot ng th nghim kim tra.
II Cc bc thit k tuyn truyn vi ba s

1.Kho st v tr t trm:
+ Xc nh tuyn trn bn ( trn bn a hnh ca khu vc xy dng trm)
+ To nn cc bn v mt ct nghing ca tuyn
T cc yu cu thc t ca mt tuytn vi ba gm: v tr trm, khong cch trm, dung lng
truyn dn, a hnh tuyn s i qua ta tin hnh nh du hai u cui ca trm trn bn
ca S o c xc nh chnh xc kinh , v ca mi trm. Cc thng s to ny c
s dng iu chnh cc anten mi trm trong giai on lp t thit b. K hiu trn bn :
trm A l trm th nht v trm B l trm th hai. Sau v mt mt ct nghing ca ng
truyn.

Mc d mt t c cong nhng n gin trong tnh ton ngi ta thng v mt ct
nghing ng vi h s bn knh hiu dng ca tri t l k=4/3.
Phng trnh sau cho ta xc nh ch li ca mt t:
1000
2
1
2 1
k r
d d
h

Do r l bn knh qu t, r= 6370 [km]
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
4
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
Ei =
4. 1. 2
51.
d d
k
[m]
k l h s bn knh ca qu t
d1, d2 [km]: ln lt l khong cch t trm A v trm B n im ang
xt li ca mt t.
Ei: l li thc ca mt t ti im ang xt.
ha
1
: chiu cao ct anten ca tram A
ha
2
: Chiu cao ct anten ca tram B
Nh vy trn mt nghing ny th hin c b mt ca a hnh. Ngoi ra n cng th hin
c c cao ca cy ci cc vt chn trn ng truyn ni hai trm A, B chng hn nh cc
g, i, cc nh co tng i vi khong truyn dn di, cong ca mt t ln th cn phi
tnh ton n nng ca v tr trm. nng c v dc cc ng thng ng nn khng i
dc theo ng bn knh xut pht t tm qu t.

2.Chn tn s lm vic:
Cng vic ny lin quan n vic chn thit b cho tuyn v lin quan n tn s sng v
tuyn ca cc h thng ln cn. Vic la tn s phi trnh can nhiu vi cc tn s khc tn
ti xung quanh khu vc, xem xt c th b tr vic phn cc anten nh th no cho hp l. Khi
s dng cc thit b th gi tr cc tiu chun c chn theo khuyn ngh ca CCIR.
V mt ct ng truyn v tnh cc thng s lin quan
Tnh khong cch tia truyn pha trn vt chn
Sau khi chn c tn s lm vic cho tuyn, ta tnh min Fresnel th nht. l min c
dng hnh elip t anten pht n anten thu; l mt mi trng vy quanh tia truyn thng. ng
bin ca min Fresnel th nht to nn qu tch sao cho bt k tn hiu no i n anten thu qua
ng ny s di hn so vi ng truyn trc tip mt na bc sng (/2) ca tn s sng
mang. Min bn trong ca elip th nht ny gi l min Fresnel th nht. Nu tn ti mt vt cn
ra ca min Fresnel th nht th sng phn x s lm suy gim sng trc tip, mc suy
gim tu thuc vo bin ca sng phn x. Do vic tnh ton i vi min Fresnel th nht
i hi c tnh chnh xc vic thng tin gia hai trm khng b nh hng ng k bi bc
sng phn x ny. Bn knh ca min Fresnel th nht (F1) c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
[ ] [ ] m fd d d
d
d d
F
2 / 1
2 1
2
) /( 32 , 17 1
d1, d2 [km]: ln lt l khong cch t trm A v trm B n im bn
knh min Fresnel c tnh ton.
D [km] l khong cch hai trm, d=d1+d2
F l tn s sng mang [Ghz].
Trong thc t, thng gp ng truyn i qua nhng a hnh khc nhau c th chn min
Fresnel th nht gy nn tn hao trn ng truyn. cc loi a hnh ny c th c vt chn
hnh nm trn ng truyn v cc loi chng ngi khc. Hnh di ch ra m hnh ca vt
chn trn ng truyn dn, trong F1 l bn knh min Fresnel th nht, F l khong h thc;
l khong cch gia tia trc tip v mt vt chn hnh nm ti a im tnh ton min Fresnel
th nht. Theo cc ch tiu thit k v khong h ng truyn c khuyn ngh th cao ti
thiu ca anten phi m bo sao cho tn hiu khng b nhiu x bi vt chn nm trong min
Fresnel th nht l F=0.577F1 (khong 60% F1C=0,6)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
5
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
3.Tnh chn chiu cao ca thp anten:
tnh chiu cao ca thp anten th trc tin phi xc nh c cao ca tia v tuyn
truyn gia hai trm. Trn c s ca cao tia c tnh cao ti thiu ca thp anten
thu c tn hiu.
Biu thc xc nh cao ca tia v tuyn nh sau:
B=E(k) + (O+T) +CF1
=
df
d d
C T O
k
d d
2 1
2 1
32 , 17 ) (
51
4
+ + +

'

[ ] m

Trong :
d,d1,d2,f c dng nh trong cng thc
k: l h s bn knh ca qu t,k=4/3.
c:l h sh ,C=1
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
6
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50

Thng thng th cao ca tia B c tnh ton ti im c mt vt chn cao nht nm gia
tuyn.
Tnh cao ca anten lm h mt vt chn nm gia tuyn. bc kho st, ta xc
nh cao ca hai v tr t trm so vi mt nc bin tng ng l h1 v h2. Ta s tnh cao
ca ct anten cn li khi bit trc cao ca mt ct anten.

[ ]
1 2 2 2 2 2 1
) / ( ) ( h d d ha h B ha h ha + + +
[m]

[ ]
2 1 2 1 1 1
) / ( ) ( h d d ha h B ha h ha + + +
[m]

ha
1
, ha
2
[m]: cao ca mt trong hai anten cn tnh
d1, d2 [km]: khong cch t mi trm n v tr tnh ton cao ca tia B
h1, h2 : cao so vi mc nc bin ca trm A v trm B
y l s bit ha
1
tnh ha
2
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
7
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50

y l s bit ha
2
tnh ha
1
m bo cho h thng hot ng khng chu nh hng ca cc yu t trong tng lai th
cao anten phi s dng mt khong d phng:ph
1
v ph
2.
Lc di thc ca anten phi
l:
har
1
= ha
1
+ ph
1
[m]

2 2 2
ph ha har +
[m]
Vi d phng t 0,6- 5 m
4 :Tnh ton cc nhn t nh hng v cc tham s ca ng truyn
a.:Tnh ton cc nhn t nh hng n ng truyn:
Cng sut tn hiu truyn gia trm pht v trm thu b suy hao trn ng truyn. s mt
mt cng sut ny do cc yu t gy nhiu ng truyn:
+ d tr fadinh phng: tc ng ca fadinh l lm thay i mc ngng thu ca my
thu, khi b nh hng ca fadinh phng my thu c th nhn c tn hiu rt yu t ng
truyn v c th lm gin on thng tin nu trng hp fadinh. d tr fadinh phng Fm
(dB) lin quan n mc tn hiu thu khng fadinh W0 (dB) v mc tn hiu thu c thc t thp
W(dBm) trc lc h thng khng cn hot ng tnh theo biu thc:

Fm = 10lg(W0/W)dB = [W0(dBm) W(dBm) ] [dB]

+ Fadinh la chn: ch yu nh hng n cc h thng viba s c dung lng trung
bnh (34Mb/s) v dung lng cao (140Mb/s)
+ Tiu hao do ma: cng vi fadinh l cc nh hng truyn lan ch yu cc tuyn v
tuyn tm nhn thng trn mt t lm vic cc tn s trong di tn GHz. Tiu hao do ma tng
nhanh theo s tng ca tn s s dng c bit vi cc tn s trn 35GHz thng suy hao nhiu ,
do m bo th khong cch lp phi nh hn 20Km.
b.Tnh ton cc tham s ca tuyn :
Cc tham s s dng trong tnh ton ng truyn: mc suy hao trong khng gian t do, cng
sut pht, ngng thu, cc suy hao trong thit b c vai tr quan trng xem xt tuyn c
hot ng c hay khng v hot ng mc tn hiu no.
+ Tn hao khng gian t do (A
0
): l tn hao ln nht cn phi xem xt. y l tn hao do
sng v tuyn lan truyn t trm ny n trm kia trong mi trng khng gian.

THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
8
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
A
0
= 20lg

d 4
= 20lg
c
df 4
(
f
c

)
A
0
= 92,5 + 20lg(f) + 20lg(d) [dB]
vi f: tn s sng mang [GHz]
d: di tuyn [km]
+ Tn hao phi : khi tnh ton suy hao ny th phi cn c vo mc suy hao chun c
trc bi nh cung cp thit b.
V d: phi s dng loi WC 109 c mc tiu hao chun l 4,5dB/100m v cng vi 0,3dB suy
hao ca vng trn chuyn tip ng dn sng th tn hao phi my pht (Ltxat) v my thu
(Lrxat) l:

LTxat = 1,5har1.0,045 + 0,3 [dB]
LRxat = 1,5har2.0,045 + 0,3 [dB]
+ Tn hao r nhnh: tn hao ny cng c cho bi nh cung cp thit b. Mc tn hao ny
thng khong (2 8)dB.
+ Tn hao hp th trong kh quyn:khi tnh ton mc suy hao ny da theo cc ch tiu
khuyn ngh cc nc Chu u. Chng hn i vi h thng thng tin v tuyn 18,23 v
38GHz th mc suy hao chun Lsp0 c cho trong khuyn ngh vo khong 0,04dB/km 0,19
dB/m khi tn hao cho c tuyn truyn dn c xc nh l:

Lsp = Lsp0.d

Vi d: khong cch ca tuyn tnh bng km

Phng trnh cn bng cng sut trong tnh ton ng truyn:
Pt = Pr + G At [dB]
Pt: l cng sut pht
At: tn hao tng = tn hao trong khng gian t do + tn hao phi
+tn hao r nhnh + tn hao hp th kh quyn
G: tng cc li = d li ca anten A + li ca anten B
Pr: cng sut ti u vo my thu
5.Tnh ton cc tham s cht lng ca tuyn
Cht lng ng truyn c nh gi da trn t s BER. Cc t s BER thng c s
dng trong viba s l: BER = 10
3
v BER = 10
6
tng ng vi 2 mc ngng RXa v RXb.
a. d tr pha dinh ng vi RXa v RXb l FMa v FMb:
FMa = Pr RXa vi BER = 10
3
FMb = Pr RXa vi BER = 10
6

b.Xc sut pha dinh phng nhiu tia (P0)
P0 = KQ.f
B
.d
C
Trong : KQ = 1,4.10
8
; B = 1 ; C = 3,5 l cc tham s lin quan n iu kin lan
truyn , s dng cc gi tr theo khuyn ngh ca CCIR.
c. Xc sut t n ngng thu RXa ; RXb.
Pa =
10
10
a
FM
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
9
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
Pb =
10
10
b
FM
Trong FMa v FMb l d ch pha dinh tng ng vi cc t s BER
d. Khong thi gian pha dinh: Ta v Tb l cc gi tr c trng cho khong thi gian tn ti
pha dinh tng ng vi FMa v FMb :
Ta = C2.10
1
]
1

10
2 a
FM
.
2

f
Tb = C2.10
1
]
1

10
2 b
FM
.
2

f
vi C2 = 10,3d ;
5 , 0
2

;
5 , 0
2

ly theo khuyn ngh.
e. Xc sut pha dinh phng di hn 10 giy
P(Ta

10) = P(10) = 0,5[1 erf(Za) ] = 0,5erf(Za)

P(Tb

60) = P(60) = 0,5[1 - erf(Zb) ] = 0,5erf(Zb)

Vi Za = 0.548ln(10/Ta) ; Zb = 0,548ln(10/Tb)
Vi erf(t) = 1 erf(t)
Trong : erf(t) =
dt e
t
t

0
2 2

l hm sai s
f. Xc sut BER vt 10
3
: th hin s gin on thng tin nhng trong thi gian khng qu
10s.
xc sut (BER > 10
3
) = P0.Pa = P0.10
10
a
FM
g. Xc sut mch tr nn khng th s dng c do pha dinh phng (Pu):
Pu = P0.Pa.P(10)
h. Kh nng s dng tuyn: c biu th bng phn trm v c xc nh theo Pu:
Av = 100(1 Pu)
i. Xc sut mch c BER
6
10

:
Xc sut (BER
6
10

) = P0.Pb = P0.
10
10
b
FM

j. Xc sut mch c BER
6
10

trong hn 60s do pha dinh phng:

xc sut (BER
6
10

) trong 60s = P0.Pb.P(60)

B: PHN THIT K TUYN VI BA: 2.2.1 Phn thuyt minh
. Phng php thit k tuyn c trnh by da trn nhng cn c ca qu trnh kho st
tuyn. Kho st a hnh, o c ta c cc thng s sau:
Chiu di tuyn H Ni Ho Bnh: 60 km.
Chn tn s lm vic: Sau khi ng tn s lm vic vi cc tn s v c cc tn s cp
php cho tn s lm vic vi tn s sng mang trung tn f = 6 (GHz)
Cn c vo cao ca a hnh, ta s chn cao treo anten l ha1, ha2 tnh ton sau
ny.
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
10
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
. Tin hnh tnh cc tn hao ca c tuyn, vi:
Tn hao khng gian t do.
Tn hao phi.
Tn hao r nhnh
Tn hao hp th kh quyn.
. Mua thit b thu vi mc ngng thu c sn: P
ngng
. T ta s tnh cao treo anten v
tnh cng sut thu ti u thu khi c tnh n d tr fainh F
m
.
Da vo phng trnh cn bng cng sut:
P
r
= P
t
+ G A
t
.
Vi:
P
t
: Cng sut pht.
P
r
: Cng sut thu.
G: li ca anten.
A
t
: Tng mc tiu hao trn tuyn.
Ta s tnh cng sut pht P
t
mua thit b cho ph hp.
. V cui cng vi cc thng s tnh ton c, ta tin hnh lp t, th nghim v nghim
thu tuyn viba trn.
2.2 2 Phn bn v
Cc bn tng th ca cc v tr t trm theo t l 1:250000 ( gi s l c nh km
theo bn thit k ny).
Cc bn v v bnh tuyn ct dc theo tuyn lm r a hnh tuyn truyn ( gi s l
c nh km theo bn thit k ny).
2.2.3 Tng d ton
Da trn cc c s biu nh mc, biu n gi, nh mc n gi & khi lng cng trnh
ta tnh ton a ra c con s tng d ton ca cng trnh.
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
11
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
2.2.4 Chn v tr t trm
. Cn c vo nhu cu s dng, yu cu thit k tuyn v qu trnh kho st tuyn, cn c
vo tnh hnh khu vc dn c, vo iu kin thc t khu vc. Ta chn v tr t trm nh sau:
+Ti H Ni:
t trm A ti khu vc mt bi t trng cnh ng 5 Cu Giy, vi cao so vi mc nc bin
l 6m( h1 = 6m ).
+ Ti Ho Bnh:
t trm B ti trung tm thnh ph Ho Bnh vi cao so vi mc nc bin l 30m ( h2 =
30m ).
. Nhng thng s cn quan tm:
+ Chiu cao nht ca tuyn ti v tr C
Khong cch t H Ni n C l: AC = d1 = 40 km.
Khong cch t Ho Bnh n C l: BC = d2 = 20 km.
Tng khong cch ca tuyn l: d = d1+ d2 = 20 + 40 = 60( km ).
+ Thng s k: l thng s m t nh hng ca iu kin thi tit, kh hu ti ng truyn
(hay cn gi l thng s hiu dng ca tri t) v ph thuc vo vng min a l.
Ti khu vc lp t thit k l vng nhit i nng m nn ta chn k = 4/3.
Di y l bn v v v tr t trm
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
k = 1/2
k = 2/3
k =
k = 4/3
k = 1
12
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
Bn v v tr t trm
2.2.5 Chn tn s lm vic.
Cn c vo s cho php ca tng cc tn s, cn c vo cc thit b mua sn, cn c vo
cc h thng thu pht lm vic khu vc ln cn v cc thit b ca ngi dn s dng cc dch
v khc.
Ta la chn tn s lm vic: f = 6 (GHz)
2.2.6 Tnh ton cc thng s lin quan
+ Xc nh li ca qu t: Da trn d liu c trc v mt ct dc ca tuyn.
E
i
=
51
4
.
.
2 . 1
k
d d
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
13
C
H Ni
Ha Binh
A
B
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
Vi:
E
i
: li
a: bn knh thc ca tri t.
d
1
: khong cch t H Ni n im cao nht ca tuyn.
d
2
: khong cch t Ho Bnh n im cao nht ca tuyn.
E
i
=
51
4
.
. 3 / 4
40 . 20
= 68 (m)
+ Xc nh d tr phainh phng F
m
v khong h ng truyn F
- Tnh khong h ng truyn F:
Khong h ng truyn F l khong cch an ton, sng in t khng b che chn bi vt
cn v c tnh gia im cao nht ca tuyn so vi tia sng trc tip tm nhn thng.
F = C
1
F
1
Vi bn knh min Fressnel:
F
1
=17,32
d f
d d
.
2 . 1
F
1
= 17,32.
60 . 6
20 . 40
= 23,9033 (m)
chn C
1
= 0,6 ( theo khuyn ngh CCIR )
F = C
1
F
1
. = 23,9033.0,6 = 14,342 (m)
- Tnh d tr fainh phng F
m
.
y l thng s tnh ton nh hng ca hin tng fainh xy ra ti anten thu.
Do yu cu tuyn cho vi BER =10
-6
.
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
14
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
* Khi thi gian gin on lin lc cho php l:
280( km ) d 2500( km ) thi gian gin on lin lc cho php = 0,054.
,
_

2500
d
%
d 280 km thi gian gin on lin lc cho php = 0,006%.
* M thi gian gin on lin lc: TGGDLL = P
0
.10
-Fm/10

Vi: P
0
l xc sut xy ra gin on lin lc
P
0
= ( C.f.d
3
.10
-5
)/4
Trong :
C : H s a hnh chn theo bng. chn C = 1
d : C ly ca tuyn viba ( km )
f : Tn s sng mang
P
0
= 0,3 a.C.
4
f
.
,
_

50
d
3

a: g gh ca tuyn
Theo kho st: tuyn c g gh l 20m.
U = 20m a =
,
_

15
U
3 / 1
=
,
_

15
20
3 / 1
= 0,908
P
0
= 0,3.
,
_

15
20
3 / 1
.1.6.
4
1
.
,
_

50
60
3
= 0,706
T ta xc nh c d tr fainh phng:
0,006 % = P
0
.10
( ) 10 / Fm
F
m
= 40,7 (dB)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
15
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
2.2.7 Tnh cao treo anten
a) Tnh cao ca tia sng trc tip tm nhn thng
B
i
= E
i
+ ( T
i
+ O
i
) + C.F
1
Vi:
T
i
: cao a hnh. Theo kho st ta c T
i
= 10 m
O
i
: cao ca vt cn. Theo kho st ta c O
i
= 15 m.
E
i
: li ca qu t.
C.F
1
= F : khong h ng truyn.
Thay s ta c:
B
i
= 68 + (10 + 15) + 14,342 = 107,342 (m)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
16
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
b) Xc nh cao treo anten
Ta t cao treo anten ti H Ni l h
a1
= 30 (m)
Ta s i tnh cao treo anten ti Ho Bnh:
h
a2
= h
1
+ h
a1
+
( ) [ ]
1 1 a i
h h B +

,
_

1
d
d
h
2
( m )
Thay h
1
= 6m ; h
2
= 30m ; d = 60km ; d
1
= 40km ta c:
h
a2
= 6 + 30 + [107,342 ( 6 + 30)].
,
_

40
60
= 103,013 (m)
Do vy cao treo anten thc t l:
h
ar1
= h
a1
+ h
d tr
= 30 + 5 = 35 (m)
h
ar2
= h
a2
+ h
d tr
= 103,013 + 5 = 108,013 (m)
2.2.8 Tnh suy hao ng truyn
a) Tn hao trong khng gian t do
A
0
= 20 lg

d 4
= 20 lg
c
df 4

= 92,5 + 20.lg(f) + 20.lg(d)
= 92,5 + 15,563 + 35,563 = 143,6 (dB)
Trong :
f : tn s sng mang = 6 (GHz )
d : c ly tuyn = 60( km )
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
17
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
b) Tn hao trn ng phi ( t my thu pht sng cao tn n anten )
Da vo thng s tiu hao cho php ca loi phi dn sng dng.
Chn loi phi WC109 c mc tiu hao chun l 4,5 dB/100m.
LT
XAT
= 1,5h
ar1.
0,045 + 0,3 = 2,6625 (dB)
LR
XAT
= 1,5h
ar2
.0,045 + 0,3 = 7,5908 (dB)
c) Tn hao r nhnh
Xy ra ti b phn nhnh thu pht. Tn hao ny c cho php t ( 2 8 )dB.
Ta chn tn hao ny = 6(dB) .
d) Tn hao hp th kh quyn
Theo chun CCIR th tn hao cho php L
spo
t 0,04 dB/km n 0,19 dB/km.
Chn L
spo
= 0,12 dB/km.
L
sp
= L
spo
.d = 0.12.60 = 7,2 (dB)
Vy tng cng sut suy hao trn ton tuyn l:
A
t
= A
o
+ LT
XAT
+ LR
XAT
+Tn hao r nhnh + L
sp

= 143,6 + 2,6625 + 7,5908 + 6 + 7,2 = 176, 0533 (dB)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
18
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
2.2.9 Tnh li ca anten
Chn hai anten H Ni v Ho Bnh u l loi anten c ng knh: D = 2,4 m
G
A
= 20 lg

D
= 20.lg
0428 , 0
4 , 2 .
= 44,9 (dB)
2.2.10 . Tnh cng sut bn pht - chn my pht
P
r
= P
t
+ 2G A
t
.
Trong :
Pr : cng sut thu.
Pt : cng sut pht.
G : li ca anten.
Ta c :
Ngng thu = P
r
F
m
.
Suy ra:
P
r
= Ngng thu + F
m
.
Hay :
Ngng thu +F
m
= Pt

+ 2G + A
t
Theo phng n thit k ta mua thit b t trc
( tc l chn trc my thu vi ngng thu = -93 dBm )
Vn l tnh ton cng sut pht P
t
vi ng truyn nh kho st.
Theo phng trnh trn, vi:

Ngng thu = -85 dBm ;
Fm = 40,7 (dB) ;
G = 44,9 (dB) ;
At = 176, 0533 (dB).
P
t
= Ngng thu + F
m
- 2G + A
t

= -93 + 40,7 2.44,9 + 176,0533
= 33,9533 (dB).
Nh vy ta s la chn my pht vi cng sut pht l 33,9533 (dB).
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
19
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
2.3 KT LUN CHUNG
Nh vy, trn y l nhng k thut v tnh ton c th tin hnh thit k tuyn viba s
H Ni Ha Bnh vi BER = 10
-6
, chiu di tuyn l 60 km v cc thng s khc c
chn v tnh ton c th trn.
Sau khi a ra kho st v th nghim thnh cng, s tin hnh xy dng v trin khai thi
cng tuyn. S c mt ca tuyn viba s ny s em li nhiu li ch cho cc dch v v tuyn
gia thnh ph H Ni v tnh Ha Bnh.
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
20
nhp tn hao
r nhnh, kh
quyn
,cc b phi hp
v cc b u ni
tn hao kh
quyn
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
Chng 3 . GII THUT CHNG TRNH
f: l tn s trung tm ca sng mang (GHz)
d: l di ng truyn(Km)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
21
tn tht
tuyn
nhp tn hao
r nhnh, kh
quyn
,cc b phi hp
v cc b u ni
tn hao kh
quyn
nhp Pt ,D
gc m hiu dng n
cc ngng Rxa,RXb
Tnh
G,Gmf,Gt,A1,Pr,FMa.FMb
BEGIN
cc hiu ng
fading
nhp f ,d
ch
n
END
li
kh nng s
dng
kt qu
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
Ao:tn tht ng truyn ca khng gian t do(dB)
h1,h2: cao ten ca trm A,B(m)
i: s vt chn
d1, d2: ln lt l khong cch t A v b n vt chn(m)
l(v): tn hao vt chn (dB)
v: l mt s khng th nguyn
Tdt: tn hao t trng ca kh quyn (dB)
Aa: tn hao kh quyn (dB)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
22
tng tn hao
tn hao ca
b suy hao
hoc cc vt chn
tn tht
feeder
TT T
khng gian
t do
TT Tuyn
tnh di feeder,
tn tht feeder A,
tn tht feeder B,
tng tn tht feeder
tnh
A
0
chn
feeder
chn
tnh v,lamda
,c,l(v)
nhp tn hao
r nhnh, kh
quyn
,cc b phi hp
v cc b u ni
kt qu
tn hao kh
quyn
tnh Aa
Nhp,d1,d2,hc
i


Nhp Tt:
Nhp h1,h2
nhp Pt ,D
gc m hiu dng n
cc ngng Rxa,RXb
Tnh
G,Gmf,Gt,A1,Pr,FMa.FMb
tnh Po,Pa,Pb,Ta,Tb,P(10),P(60)
xs BER>10^-3 , kh dng,
xs BER >10^-6 ,Pu,tng gin
on thng tin trong BER >10^-3,
sx BER >10^-6 trong khong 60s,
%thi gian gin on do fading
,sx BER >10^-6 trong fading
l chn ,tng BER >10^-6
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
Pt: cng sut my pht (dBm)
D: ng knh anten (m)
n: gc m hiu dng (rad)
RXa, RXb: cc ngng thu c (dB)
G: li anten(dB)
Gt: tng li(dB)
Pr: mc u vo ca my thu(dBm)
FMa, FMb: d tr fading phng ng vi BER=10
-3
v BER=10
-6
(dB)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
23
Kt qu
li
nhp Pt ,D
gc m hiu dng n
cc ngng Rxa,RXb
Tnh
G,Gmf,Gt,A1,Pr,FMa.FMb
tnh Po,Pa,Pb,Ta,Tb,P(10),P(60)
xs BER>10^-3 , kh dng,
xs BER >10^-6 ,Pu,tng gin
on thng tin trong BER >10^-3,
sx BER >10^-6 trong khong 60s,
%thi gian gin on do fading
,sx BER >10^-6 trong fading
l chn ,tng BER >10^-6
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
b: tc bt cc i (Mbit/s)
M: s mc trong s iu ch.
Po: xc sut fading nhiu tia.
Pa, Pb: xc sut t cc ngng Rxa, RXb.
Ta, Tb: khong thi gian fading ng BER >10
-3
v BER >10
-6

P(10), P(60): xc sut fading di hn 10 s v 60s.
Alpha2, beta2, C2: cc hng s c lin quan n s fading trong 1 gi.
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
24
cc hiu ng fading phng
tnh Po,Pa,Pb,Ta,Tb,P(10),P(60)
xs BER>10^-3 , kh dng,
xs BER >10^-6 ,Pu,tng gin
on thng tin trong BER >10^-3,
sx BER >10^-6 trong khong 60s,
%thi gian gin on do fading
,sx BER >10^-6 trong fading
l chn ,tng BER >10^-6
kt qu
nhp h s ci tn a
h s a hnh C,
alpha2,beta2, C2, b M
tc bit cc i gama b
,s mc trong s iu ch M
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
MTTR:thi gian trung bnh khi phc li dch v (gi ) thng l 2, 4, 8 gi.
MTBF:thi gian trung bnh gia cc s c (gi).
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
25
Kh nng s dng
Tnh khng s dng ca thit b
khng s dng c do fading
phng nhiu tia
khng s dng c do fading
nhiu tia la chn
Tng khng s dng
kt qu
Nhp MTTR, MTBF
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
CHNG TRNH TNH TON TUYN VI BA
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "c:\hien\viba.h"
double f,ha,h1,h2,d,Ao,feeder,Lv,Aa,lamda,G,A, FMa,
FMb,Gt;
double
A1,pr,pt,RXa,RXb,loseA,loseB,G1,po,pa,pb,Ta,Tb;
double khongkhadung,Za,Zb,p10,p60;
double mem =3.95,e=2.71828,giandoan,tong_giandoan;
double erfc_fun(double x)
{
double k;
int i;
for (i=0;i<260;i++)
if(erfd[i]==x)
k=erfdr[i];
return k;
}
double arround(double x)
{
double nguyen,thapphan,tamp,tmp,temp;
thapphan = modf(x,&nguyen);
thapphan = thapphan*100;
tamp = modf(thapphan,&temp);
if(tamp<=0.3) tamp = 0;
if(0.3<tamp && tamp <=0.7) tamp =0.5;
if(tamp>0.7) tamp =1;
thapphan = temp + tamp;
thapphan = thapphan /100;
return thapphan + nguyen;
}
void nhap_bien()
{
printf("\nNhap Thong So\n");
printf("Cho biet do dai duong truyen dan (km): ");
scanf("%lf",&d);
printf("Cho biet tan so lam viec trung tam (GHz):
"); scanf("%lf",&f);
clrscr();
}
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
26
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
void free_space_lose()//ton that tuyen cua khong gian
tu do
{
Ao = 92.5 + 20*log10(f) + 20*log10(d);
printf("Ton that duong truyen cua khong gian tu do
la: %.3lf dB", Ao);
}
void feeder_lose() //ton that feeder
{
double lf1,lf2,feeder_type;
printf("Cho biet loai feeder su dung: \n");
printf("1. RG-59/U\n");
printf("2. RG-11/U\n");
printf("3. RG-24/U\n");
printf("4. RG-58/U\n");
switch(getch())
{
case '1' : feeder_type = 3.4; break;
case '2' : feeder_type = 2.5; break;
case '3' : feeder_type = 2; break;
case '4' : feeder_type = 7.8; break;
default : feeder_type =3.4;
}
printf("\nCho biet do cao anten tai tram A (m): ");
scanf("%lf",&h1);
printf("Cho biet do cao anten tai tram B (m): ");
scanf("%lf",&h2);
lf1 = 1.5*h1;
lf2 = 1.5*h2;
loseA = lf1*3.28*feeder_type/100;
loseB = lf2*3.28*feeder_type/100;
feeder = loseA + loseB;
printf("Ton that feeder tai tram A: %.3lf dB\n",
loseA);
printf("Ton that feeder tai tram B: %.3lf dB\n",
loseB);
printf("Ton that feeder: %.3lf dB\n", feeder);
}
void vatchan() //ton hao cua bo suy hao hoac cac vat
chanx
{
double d1[100],d2[100], hc[100],V[100],c,tmp;
int i, vc;
printf("Co bao nhieu vat chan: "); scanf("%d",&vc);
for(i=0; i<vc; i++)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
27
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
{
printf("Cho biet khoang cach tu tram A den vat
chan thu %d: ",i+1);
scanf("%lf", &tmp); d1[i] =tmp;
printf("Cho biet khoang cach tu tram B den vat
chan thu %d: ",i+1);
scanf("%lf",&tmp); d2[i]=tmp;
printf("Cho biet do cao vat chan %d:",i+1);
scanf("%lf",&tmp); hc[i] =tmp;
}
c = 3*pow(10,8);
lamda = c/(f*pow(10,9));
for(i=0;i<vc;i++)
printf("hc = %lf\n",hc[i]);
printf("Lamda = %0.3lf c= %0.3lf\n",lamda,c);
for(i=0;i<vc;i++)
{
V[i] = hc[i] * sqrt( (2/lamda) * (1/d1[i]) *
(1/d2[i]));
printf("\n V[%d] = %lf\n",i+1,V[i]);
}
for(Lv=0,i=0;i<vc;i++)
Lv += 6.4 + 20*log10(sqrt(V[i]+1)) + V[i];
printf("Ton hao cua bo suy hao hoac cac vat chan:
%.3lf dB", Lv);
}
void khiquyen() //ton hao khi quyen
{
double Tkq;
printf("Cho biet ton hao dac trung cua khi quyen :
"); scanf("%lf",&Tkq);
Aa=Tkq*d;
printf("Ton hao khi quyen: %.3lf dB ",Aa);
}
void total()//tong ton hao
{
double renhanh,bodaunoi;
printf("Cho biet ton hao re nhanh ( 2dB-8dB ): ");
scanf("%lf",&renhanh);
printf("Cho biet ton hao cac bo dau noi( 0.5dB-1dB)
: "); scanf("%lf",&bodaunoi);
A = Ao + Aa + feeder + renhanh + bodaunoi + Lv;
printf("Tong ton hao la: %.3lf dB", A);
}
void line_lose() //ton hao tuyen truyen
{
while(1)
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
28
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
{
clrscr();
printf("Ton that tuyen:\n");
printf("1. Ton that duong truyen cua khong gian tu
do\n");
printf("2. Ton that feeder\n");
printf("3. Ton hao cua bo suy hao hoac cac vat
chan\n");
printf("4. Ton hao khi quyen \n");
printf("5. Tong ton hao \n");
printf("s. Exit\n");
printf("Select: \n");
switch( getch())
{
case '1' : free_space_lose(); break;
case '2' : feeder_lose(); break;
case '3' : vatchan(); break;
case '4' : khiquyen();break;
case '5' : total();break;
}
if(getche() == '6') break ;
}
}
void gain() //do loi
{
double D,n;
clrscr();
printf("\t\tTinh Toan Do Loi\n");
printf("Cho biet cong suat may phat(dBm): ");
scanf("%lf",&pt);
printf("Cho biet duong kinh anten (m): ");
scanf("%lf",&D);
printf("Cho biet goc mo hieu dung: ");
scanf("%lf",&n);
printf("Cho biet nguong thu ung voi BER = 10^-3
(dB): "); scanf("%lf",&RXa);
printf("Cho biet nguong thu ung voi BER = 10^-6
(dB): "); scanf("%lf",&RXb);
G = 20 * log10(D) - 20*log10(lamda) + 10 * log10(n)
+ 9.943;
G1 = pt; Gt = 2*G + G1 ;
A1 = A - Gt; pr = pt -A1;
FMa = pr -RXa;
FMb = pr - RXb;
clrscr();
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
29
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
printf("\n");
printf("Do loi cua anten: %.3lf dB\n",G);
printf("Do loi may phat: %.3lf dB\n",G1);
printf("Tong do loi: %.3lf dB\n", Gt);
printf("Tong ton hao: %.3lf dB\n", A1);
printf("Muc dau vao cua may thu: %.3lf dBm\n", pr);
printf("Do du tru fading phang FMa: %.3lf dB,voi
BER = 10^-3\n", FMa);
printf("Do du tru fading phang FMb: %.3lf dB,voi
BER = 10^-6\n", FMb);
getch();
}
void fading() //gom xac suat fading nhiue tia, xs tai
cac nguong, thoi gian fading
{
double a,c, alpha,beta,c2;
double gamma,M,nuy,K,t;
clrscr();
printf("Cho biet he so cai tien dac trung cho dia
hinh a (0.25 - 4): ");
scanf("%lf",&a);
printf("Cho biet he so dia hinh C: \n");
printf(" 1. 1 cho dia hinh trung binh co khi hau on
doi\n");
printf(" 2. 4 cho dia hinh tren mat nuoc bo bien hay
khi hau am uot\n");
printf(" 3. 0.25 cho dia hinh mien nui va khi hau
kho\n");
switch (getch())
{
case '1' : c = 1;printf("C=1"); break;
case '2' : c = 4;printf("C=4"); break;
case '3' : c = 0.25;printf("C=0.25"); break;
default : c=1;
}
printf("\nCho biet alpha2: "); scanf("%lf",&alpha);
printf("Cho biet beta2: "); scanf("%lf",&beta);
printf("Cho biet c2: "); scanf("%lf",&c2);
printf("Cho biet toc do bit cuc dai gama b (MBit/s):
");scanf("%lf",&gamma);
printf("Cho biet so muc trong so do dieu che M : ");
scanf("%lf",&M);
printf("Cho biet dang dieu che :\n");
printf("1. QAM 64\n"); printf("2. QAM 16\n");
printf("3. PSK 8\n"); printf("4. PSK 4\n");
switch( getch())
{
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
30
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
case '1' : printf("Ban chon QAM 64\n"); K = 15.4;
break;
case '2' : printf("Ban chon QAM 16\n");K = 5.5;
break;
case '3' : printf("Ban chon PSK 8\n");K = 7;
break;
case '4' : printf("Ban chon PSK 4\n");K = 1;
break;
default : printf("Ban chon khong dung!\nMac nhieu
la QAM 64!");K = 15.4;
}
clrscr();
po=0.3*a*c*(f/4)*pow( (d/50),3);
pa = pow(10,(-FMa/10));
pb = pow(10,(-FMb/10));
Ta = c2*pow(10,( (-alpha)* FMa)/10)*pow(f,beta);
Tb = c2*pow(10,( (-alpha)* FMb)/10)*pow(f,beta);
Za = 0.548*log(10/Ta); Zb = 0.548*log(10/Tb);
Za = arround(Za); Zb = arround(Zb);
if(Za>mem || Zb>mem) { printf("So lieu ngoai bang
tra!"); delay(500); exit(1);}
p10 = 0.5*erfc_fun(Za); p60 = 0.5*erfc_fun(Zb);
if(po>10) nuy =1;
if(0.1<po && po<2) nuy =0.182*pow(po,0.1);
if(po<0.01) nuy =1.44*po;
t= pow( 2 * pow(d,1.5) * (gamma /
( log10(M)/log10(2) )) * pow(10,-6),2);
giandoan = 200*nuy*K*t;
tong_giandoan = giandoan + po*pa;
printf("Xac suat fading nhieu tia la: %.8lf\n", po);
printf("Xac suat dat cac nguong RXa: %.8lf\n",pa);
printf("Xac suat dat cac nguong RXb: %.8lf\n",pb);
printf("Khoang thoi gian fading voi BER > 10^-3:
%.8lf\n",Ta);
printf("Khoang thoi gian fading voi BER > 10^-6:
%.8lf\n",Tb);
printf("\nXac suat fading dai hon 10s: %.8lf",p10);
printf("\nXac suat fading dai hon 60s: %.8lf",p60);
printf("\n Xac suat BER vuot 10^-3: %.8lf", pa*po);
printf("\n Xac suat BER vuot 10^-6: %.8lf", pb*po);
printf("\nDo kha dung cua tuyen: %.8lf %",(1-
po*pa*p10)*100);
printf("\n Xac suat BER vuot 10^-6 trong khoang
60s: %.8lf", pa*p10);
printf("\nXac suat mach tro nen khong su dung duoc:
%.8lf",po*pa*p10);
printf("\nXac suat BER > 10^-6 trong khoang 60s:
%.8lf",po*p60);
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
31
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
printf("\nThoi gian gian doan thong tin do fading:
%.8lf %",giandoan);
printf("\nTong gian doan thong tin trong BER > 10^-
3: %.8lf %",tong_giandoan);
printf("\nXac suat BER > 10^-6 do fading lua chon:
%.8lf",9.82*giandoan);
printf("\nTong BER > 10^-6: %.8lf", 9.828*giandoan
+ po*pb);
getch();
}
void khadung()
{
double MTTR,MTBF,tong;
printf("Cho biet MTTR: "); scanf("%lf",&MTTR);
printf("Cho biet MTBF: "); scanf("%lf",&MTBF);
khongkhadung =100*(MTTR/(MTBF+MTTR));
tong = 100* po*pa*p10 + 100*p10*giandoan
+khongkhadung;
printf("Do khong kha dung la: %.3lf
%\n",khongkhadung);
printf("Do khong su dung duoc do fading phang nhieu
tia: %.3lf %\n",100*po*pa*p10);
printf("Do khong su dung duoc do fading nhieu tia
lua chon: %.3lf %\n",100*p10*giandoan);
printf("Tong do khong su dung duoc la: %.3lf
%",tong);
getch();
}
int menu()
{
clrscr();
printf("\n\nTINH CAC THONG SO TON HAO DUONG
TRUYEN\n");
printf("1. Ton that tuyen \n");
printf("2. Do loi\n");
printf("3. Cac hieu ung fading phang\n");
printf("4. tinh toan kha nang su dung\n");
printf("5. Exit\n");
printf("Select:\n");
switch(getch())
{
case '1' : line_lose(); return 1;
case '2' : gain(); return 1;
case '3' : fading(); return 1;
case '4' : khadung(); return 1;
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
32
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
case '5' : return 0;
default : return 1;
}
}
void main()
{
int k;
textcolor(BLUE);
textbackground(WHITE);
clrscr();
printf("\t\tCHUONG TRINH TINH TOAN CAC THONG SO
DUONG TRUYEN");
nhap_bien();
while(1)
{
k= menu();
if(k==0) break;
}
}
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
33
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
VIBA.H
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
double erfd[260]={0.000,0.005,0.010,0.015,0.020,0.025
,
0.030,0.035,0.040,0.045,0.050,0.055,0.060,0.065,0.070
,0.075,0.080,0.085,0.090,0.095,0.100,0.105,0.110,0.11
5,0.120,0.125,0.130,0.135,0.140,0.145,0.150,0.155,0.1
60,0.165,0.170,0.175,0.180,0.185,0.190,0.195,0.200,0.
205,0.210,0.215,0.220,0.225,0.230,0.235,0.240,0.245,0
.250,0.255,0.260,0.265,0.270,0.275,0.280,0.285,0.290,
0.295,0.300,0.305,0.310,0.315,0.320,0.325,0.330,0.335
,0.340,0.345,0.350,0.355,0.360,0.365,0.370,0.375,0.38
0,0.385,0.390,0.395,0.400,0.405,0.410,0.415,0.420,0.4
25,0.430,0.435,0.440,0.445,0.450,0.455,0.460,0.465,0.
470,0.475,0.480,0.485,0.490,0.495,0.500,0.505,0.510,0
.515,0.520,0.525,0.530,0.535,0.540,0.545,0.550,0.555,
0.560,0.565,0.570,0.575,0.580,0.585,0.590,0.595,0.600
,0.605,0.610,0.615,0.620,0.625,0.630,0.635,0.640,0.64
5,0.650,0.655,0.660,0.665,0.670,0.675,0.680,0.685,0.6
90,0.695,0.700,0.705,0.710,0.715,0.720,0.725,0.730,0.
735,0.740,0.745,0.750,0.755,0.760,0.765,0.770,0.775,0
.780,0.785,0.790,0.795,0.800,0.805,0.810,0.815,0.820,
0.825,0.830,0.835,0.840,0.845,0.850,0.855,0.860,0.865
,0.870,0.875,0.880,0.885,0.890,0.895,0.900,0.905,0.91
0,0.915,0.920,0.925,0.930,0.935,0.940,0.945,0.950,0.9
55,0.960,0.965,0.970,0.975,0.980,0.985,0.990,0.995,1.
000,1.050,1.100,1.150,1.200,1.250,1.300,1.350,1.400,1
.450,1.500,1.550,1.600,1.650,1.700,1.750,1.800,1.850,
1.900,1.950,2.000,2.050,2.100,2.150,2.200,2.250,2.300
,2.350,2.400,2.450,2.500,2.550,2.600,2.650,2.700,2.75
0,2.800,2.850,2.900,2.950,3.000,3.050,3.100,3.150,3.2
00,3.250,3.300,3.350,3.400,3.450,3.500,3.550,3.600,3.
650,3.700,3.750,3.800,3.850,3.900,3.950,};
double erfdr[260]=
{1.000000,0.994358,0.988717,0.983076,0.977435,
0.971976,0.961590,0.960523,0.954889,0.949257,
0.943628,0.938002,0.932378,0.926759,0.921142,
0.915530,0.909922,0.904318,0.898719,0.893126,
0.887537,0.881954,0.876377,0.870806,0.965242,
0.859684,0.854133,0.848589,0.843053,0.837524,
0.832004,0.826492,0.820988,0.815493,0.810008,
0.804531,0.799064,0.793607,0.788160,0.782723,
0.777297,0.771882,0.766478,0.761085,0.755704,
0.750335,0.744977,0.739632,0.734300,0.728980,
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
34
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50
0.723674,0.718380,0.713100,0.707834,0.702582,
0.697344,0.692120,0.686911,0.681717,0.676537,
0.671730,0.666225,0.661092,0.655975,0.650874,
0.645789,0.640721,0.635670,0.630635,0.625618,
0.615635,0.610607,0.605723,0.600794,0.595883,
0.590990,0.586117,0.581261,0.576425,0.571608,
0.566810,0.562031,0.557272,0.552532,0.547813,
0.543113,0.538434,0.533773,0.529136,0.524518,
0.519921,.510789,0.506255,0.501742,0.479250,
0.492780,0.488332,0.483905,0.479500,0.475117,
0.470756,0.466418,0.462101,0.475807,0.453536,
0.449287,0.445061,0.440857,0.436677,0.432519,
0.428384,0.424273,0.420184,0.411619,0.412077,
0.408059,0.404063,0.400092,0.396144,0.392220,
0.388319,0.384442,0.380589,0.376759,0.372954,
0.369172,0.635414,0.361680,0.357971,0.354285,
0.350623,0.346986,0.343372,0.339783,0.336248,
0.332677,0.329600,0.325667,0.332199,0.318755,
0.315334,0.311939,0.308567,0.305219,0.315896,
0.298597,0.295322,0.292071,0.288844,0.285642,
0.282463,0.279309,0.276178,0.273072,0.269990,
0.266931,0.263897,0.260886,0.257899,0.254936,
0.251996,0.249081,0.246189,0.243321,0.240476,
0.237655,0.234857,0.232083,0.229332,0.226604,
0.223900,0.221218,0.218560,0.215925,0.213313,
0.210723,0.208157,0.205613,0.203092,0.200593,
0.198117,0.195664,0.193232,0.190823,0.188436,
0.186072,0.183729,0.181408,0.179109,0.176832,
0.174576,0.172342,0.179130,0.167938,0.165768,
0.163620,0.161492,0.159385,0.157299,0.137564,
0.119795,0.103876,0.089686,0.077100,0.065992,
0.56238,0.047715,0.040305,0.033895,0.028377,
0.023652,0.019624,0.016210,0.013328,0.010901,
0.0088889,0.0072096,0.0058207,0.0046778,0.0037419,0.0
029795,0.0023614,0.0018629,0.0014627,
0.0011432,0.00088929,0.00068853,0.00053060,0.00040697
,0.00031068,0.00023605,0.00017850,0.00013434,0.000100
62,0.000075017,0.000055658,0.000041100,0.000030205,0.
000022092,0.000016081,0.00000011649,0.0000083987,0.00
00060247,0.0000043040,0.0000030593,0.0000021637,0.000
0015200,0.0000010673,0.0000007437,0.0000005163,0.0000
003563,0.0000002433,0.0000001683,0.0000001137,0.00000
0076,0.0000000527,0.0000000353,0.0000000227};
THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
35
Bi tp ln VI BA S Nhm 2KTVTB_K50


THIT K TUYN TRUYN VI BA S H NI_ HOA BINH VI BER = 10
-6
36