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THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 5
I.Phn chung cho tt c th sinh (7 im)
Cu I (2 im). Cho hm s
2
1 2
+
+

x
x
y c th l (C)
1.Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s
2.Chng minh ng thng d: y = --x + m lun lun ct th (C) ti hai im
phn bit A, B. Tm m on AB c di nh nht.
Cu II (2 im)
1.Gii phng trnh 9sinx + 6cosx -- 3sin2x + cos2x = 8
2.Gii bt phng trnh
) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
4
2
2
2
2
> x x x
Cu III (1 im). Tm nguyn hm

x x
dx
I
5 3
cos . sin
Cu IV (1 im). Cho lng tr tam gic ABC.A
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh bng a, gc to bi
cnh bn v mt phng y bng 30
0
. Hnh chiu H ca im A trn mt phng
(A
1
B
1
C
1
) thuc ng thng B
1
C
1
. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng AA
1
v B
1
C
1
theo a.
Cu V (1 im). Xt ba s thc khng m a, b, c tha mn a
2009
+ b
2009
+ c
2009
= 3. Tm
gi tr ln nht ca biu thc P = a
4
+ b
4
+ c
4
II.Phn ring (3 im)
1.Theo chng trnh chun
Cu VIa:
1.Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh (x-1)
2
+
(y+2)
2
= 9 v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy nht
mt im A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai tip
im) sao cho tam gic ABC vung.
2.Cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng d c phng trnh

'

+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
. Lp phng
trnh mt phng (P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Cu VIIa: 1). C bao nhiu s t nhin c 4 ch s khc nhau v khc 0 m trong mi s
lun lun c mt hai ch s chn v hai ch s l.
2) Gii phng trnh:
) ( , 1
4
C z
i z
i z

,
_

+
2.Theo chng trnh nng cao (3 im)
Cu VIb (2 im)
1.Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C): x
2
+ y
2
- 2x + 4y - 4 = 0
v ng thng d c phng trnh x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy
nht mt im A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai
tip im) sao cho tam gic ABC vung.
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2.Cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng d c phng trnh
3
1
1 2
1

z y x
. Lp
phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong cch t d ti (P) l ln
nht.
Cu VIIb (1 im) C bao nhiu s t nhin c 5 ch s khc nhau m trong mi s lun
lun c mt hai ch s chn v ba ch s l.
Cu p n im
I
(2
im
)
1. (1,25 im)
a.TX: D = R\{-2}
b.Chiu bin thin
+Gii hn:
+
+
+ 2 2
lim ; lim ; 2 lim lim
x x x x
y y y y
Suy ra th hm s c mt tim cn ng l x = -2 v mt tim
cn ngang l y = 2
0,5
+
D x
x
y >
+
0
) 2 (
3
'
2
Suy ra hm s ng bin trn mi khong
) 2 ; (
v
) ; 2 ( +
0,25
+Bng bin thin
x

-2 +
y + +
+ 2
y
2

0,25
c. th:
th ct cc trc Oy ti im (0;
2
1
) v ct trc Ox ti im(
2
1

;0)
th nhn im (-2;2) lm tm i xng
0,25
2. (0,75 im)
Honh giao im ca th (C ) v ng thng d l nghim
ca phng trnh

'

+ +

+
+
+
) 1 ( 0 2 1 ) 4 (
2
2
1 2
2
m x m x
x
m x
x
x
Do (1) c m m m va m + + > + 0 3 2 1 ) 2 ).( 4 ( ) 2 ( 0 1
2 2
nn -
0,25
x
y
O
2
-2
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ng thng d lun lun ct th (C ) ti hai im phn bit A, B
Ta c y
A
= m x
A
; y
B
= m x
B
nn AB
2
= (x
A
x
B
)
2
+ (y
A
y
B
)
2
= 2(m
2
+ 12) suy ra AB ngn nht AB
2
nh nht m = 0. Khi
24 AB
0,5
II
(2
im
)
1. (1 im)
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi
9sinx + 6cosx 6sinx.cosx + 1 2sin
2
x = 8
6cosx(1 sinx) (2sin
2
x 9sinx + 7) = 0
6cosx(1 sinx) (sinx 1)(2sinx 7) = 0
0,5
(1-sinx)(6cosx + 2sinx 7) = 0

+

) ( 0 7 sin 2 cos 6
0 sin 1
VN x x
x

2
2
k x +
0,5
2. (1 im)
K:

'

>
0 3 log log
0
2
2
2
2
x x
x
Bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi
) 1 ( ) 3 (log 5 3 log log
2
2
2
2
2
> x x x
t t = log
2
x,
BPT (1) ) 3 ( 5 ) 1 )( 3 ( ) 3 ( 5 3 2
2
> + > t t t t t t
0,5

< <

< <

'

> +
>

4 log 3
1 log
4 3
1
) 3 ( 5 ) 3 )( 1 (
3
1
2
2
2
x
x
t
t
t t t
t
t
0,25

< <
<

16 8
2
1
0
x
x
Vy BPT cho c tp nghim l: ) 16 ; 8 ( ]
2
1
; 0 (
III
1
im


x x
dx
x x x
dx
I
2 3 2 3 3
cos . 2 sin
8
cos . cos . sin
t tanx = t
dt
t
t
t
t
dt
I
t
t
x
x
dx
dt

+

+

+

3
3 2
3
2
2 2
) 1 (
)
1
2
(
8
1
2
2 sin ;
cos
0,5
C
x
x x x dt t
t
t t
dt
t
t t t
+ + + + + +
+ + +

2
2 4 3 3
3
2 4 6
tan 2
1
tan ln 3 tan
2
3
tan
4
1
)
3
3 (
1 3 3
0,5
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Cu
IV
1
im
Do ) (
1 1 1
C B A AH nn gc H AA
1
l gc gia AA
1
v (A
1
B
1
C
1
), theo
gi thit th gc H AA
1
bng 30
0
. Xt tam gic vung AHA
1
c AA
1
= a, gc H AA
1
=30
0

2
3
1
a
H A . Do tam gic A
1
B
1
C
1
l tam gic
u cnh a, H thuc B
1
C
1
v
2
3
1
a
H A nn A
1
H vung gc vi
B
1
C
1
. Mt khc
1 1
C B AH nn ) (
1 1 1
H AA C B

0,5

K ng cao HK ca tam gic AA
1
H th HK chnh l khong cch
gia AA
1
v B
1
C
1
0,25
Ta c AA
1
.HK = A
1
H.AH
4
3 .
1
1
a
AA
AH H A
HK
0,25
Cu
V
1
im
p dng bt ng thc C si cho 2005 s 1 v 4 s a
2009
ta c
) 1 ( . 2009 . . . . 2009 1 ... 1 1
4 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
2005
a a a a a a a a a + + + + + + +

Tng t ta c
) 2 ( . 2009 . . . . 2009 1 ... 1 1
4 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
2005
b b b b b b b b b + + + + + + +

) 3 ( . 2009 . . . . 2009 1 ... 1 1
4 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009 2009
2005
c c c c c c c c c + + + + + + +

0,5
Cng theo v (1), (2), (3) ta c
) ( 2009 6027
) ( 2009 ) ( 4 6015
4 4 4
4 4 4 2009 2009 2009
c b a
c b a c b a
+ +
+ + + + +
T suy ra 3
4 4 4
+ + c b a P
Mt khc ti a = b = c = 1 th P = 3 nn gi tr ln nht ca P = 3.
0,5
Cu
VIa
2
i
m
1.T phng trnh chnh tc ca ng trn ta c tm I(1;-2), R = 3,
t A k c 2 tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn v AC AB => t gic
ABIC l hnh vung cnh bng 3
2 3 IA

0,5

7
5
6 1 2 3
2
1
m
m
m
m
0,5
A
1
A B
C
C
1
B
1
K
H
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2. (1 im)
Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d, mt phng (P) i qua A v (P)//d,
khi khong cch gia d v (P) l khong cch t H n (P).
G.s im I l hnh chiu ca H ln (P), ta c HI AH => HI ln nht
khi I A
Vy (P) cn tm l mt phng i qua A v nhn
AH
lm vc t
php tuyn.
0,5
) 3 1 ; ; 2 1 ( t t t H d H + +
v H l hnh chiu ca A trn d nn
) 3 ; 1 ; 2 ( ( 0 . u u AH d AH l vc t ch phng ca d)
) 5 ; 1 ; 7 ( ) 4 ; 1 ; 3 ( AH H Vy (P): 7(x 10) + (y 2) 5(z + 1) = 0
7x + y -5z -77 = 0
0,5
Cu
VIIa
1
i
m
T gi thit bi ton ta thy c 6
2
4
C cch chn 2 ch s chn (v
khng c s 0)v 10
2
5
C cch chn 2 ch s l => c
2
5
C .
2
5
C = 60 b
4 s tha mn bi ton
0,5
Mi b 4 s nh th c 4! s c thnh lp. Vy c tt c
2
4
C .
2
5
C .4! =
1440 s
0,5
2.Ban nng cao.
Cu
VIa
2
i
m
1.( 1 im)
T phng trnh chnh tc ca ng trn ta c tm I(1;-2), R = 3, t
A k c 2 tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn v AC AB => t gic ABIC
l hnh vung cnh bng 3
2 3 IA

0,5

7
5
6 1 2 3
2
1
m
m
m
m
0,5
2.Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d, mt phng (P) i qua A v (P)//d,
khi khong cch gia d v (P) l khong cch t H n (P).
Gi s im I l hnh chiu ca H ln (P), ta c HI AH => HI ln nht
khi I A
Vy (P) cn tm l mt phng i qua A v nhn
AH
lm vc t php
tuyn.
0,5
) 3 1 ; ; 2 1 ( t t t H d H + +
v H l hnh chiu ca A trn d nn
) 3 ; 1 ; 2 ( ( 0 . u u AH d AH l vc t ch phng ca d)
) 5 ; 1 ; 7 ( ) 4 ; 1 ; 3 ( AH H Vy (P): 7(x 10) + (y 2) 5(z + 1) = 0
7x + y -5z -77 = 0
0,5
Cu
VIIa
1
i
m
T gi thit bi ton ta thy c 10
2
5
C cch chn 2 ch s chn (k
c s c ch s 0 ng u) v
3
5
C =10 cch chn 2 ch s l => c
2
5
C .
3
5
C = 100 b 5 s c chn.
0,5
Mi b 5 s nh th c 5! s c thnh lp => c tt c
2
5
C .
3
5
C .5! =
12000 s.
Mt khc s cc s c lp nh trn m c ch s 0 ng u l
960 ! 4 . .
3
5
1
4
C C . Vy c tt c 12000 960 = 11040 s tha mn bi ton
0,5
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 6
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phn chung cho tt c cc th sinh
Cu I (2 im) Cho hm s 4 3
2 3
+ x x y
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s.
2. Gi d l ng thng i qua im A(3; 4) v c h s gc l m. Tm m d
ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit A, M, N sao cho hai tip tuyn ca (C) ti M v N vung
gc vi nhau.
Cu II (2im)
1. Gii h phng trnh:

'

+ +
+ + +
y y x x
y y x y x
) 2 )( 1 (
4 ) ( 1
2
2
(x, y R)
2. Gii phng trnh: 8
1
3
tan
6
tan
3 cos cos 3 sin . sin
3 3

,
_

+
,
_

+

x x
x x x x
Cu III (1 im) Tnh tch phn

+ +
1
0
2
) 1 ln( dx x x x I
Cu IV (1 im) Cho hnh lng tr ABC.ABC c y l tam gic u cnh a, hnh
chiu vung gc ca A ln mt phng (ABC) trng vi trng tm O ca tam gic ABC.
Mt mt phng (P) cha BC v vung gc vi AA, ct lng tr theo mt thit din c
din tch bng
8
3
2
a
. Tnh th tch khi lng tr ABC.ABC.
Cu V (1 im) Cho a, b, c l ba s thc dng tha mn abc = 1. Tm gi tr ln nht
ca biu thc
3 2
1
3 2
1
3 2
1
2 2 2 2 2 2
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +

a c c b b a
P
Phn t chn (Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn: Phn 1 hoc Phn 2)
Phn 1 .C u VI.a (2 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h trc ta Oxy cho parabol (P): x x y 2
2
v elip
(E): 1
9
2
2
+ y
x
. Chng minh rng (P) giao (E) ti 4 im phn bit cng nm trn mt -
ng trn. Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua 4 im .
2. Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz cho mt cu (S) c phng trnh
0 11 6 4 2
2 2 2
+ + + z y x z y x v mt phng () c phng trnh 2x + 2y z + 17 = 0.
Vit phng trnh mt phng () song song vi () v ct (S) theo giao tuyn l ng
trn c chu vi bng 6.
Cu VII.a(1im) Tm h s ca s hng cha x
2
trong khai trin nh thc Niutn ca
n
x
x

,
_

+
4
2
1
, bit rng n l s nguyn dng tha mn:
1
6560
1
2
3
2
2
2
2
1
2
3
1
2
0
+

+
+ + + +
+
n
C
n
C C C
n
n
n
n n n
(
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n phn t)
Phn 2 Cu VI.b (2 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h trc ta Oxy cho hai ng thng d
1
: x + y + 5 = 0, d
2
:
x + 2y - 7= 0 v tam gic ABC c A(2 ; 3), trng tm l im G(2; 0), im B thuc d
1
v
im C thuc d
2
. Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic ABC.
2. Trong khng gian vi h trc ta Oxyz cho tam gic ABC vi A(1; 2; 5), B(1; 4;
3), C(5; 2; 1) v mt phng (P): x y z 3 = 0. Gi M l mt im thay i trn
mt phng (P). Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
2 2 2
MC MB MA + +
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Cu VII.b (1 im) Gii h phng trnh

'

+
+ +
+
+
1
) 1 ( 2
y x e
x e e
y x
y x y x
(x, y R)
Hng dn chm mn ton
Cu Ni dung im
I.1 Kho st hm s 4 3
2 3
+ x x y 1,00
1. Tp xc nh: R
2. S bin thin:
a) Gii hn:
+ + +
+ +
) 4 x 3 x ( lim y lim , ) 4 x 3 x ( lim y lim
2 3
x x
2 3
x x
0,25
b) Bng bin thin: y' = 3x
2
- 6x, y' = 0

x = 0, x = 2
Bng bin thin:
x
-

0 2
+

y'
+ 0 - 0
+
y
4
+

0
- Hm s ng bin trn (-

; 0) v (2; +

), nghch bin trn (0;

2)
- Hm s t cc i ti x = 0, y
C
= 4, t cc tiu ti x = 2, y
CT
= 0.
0,50
3. th: th giao vi trc tung ti (0; 4), giao vi trc honh ti
(-1; 0),(2; 0). Nhn im un I(1; 2) lm tm i xng
0,25
I.2 Tm m hai tip tuyn vung gc ..... 1,00
d c phng trnh y = m(x 3) + 4.
Honh giao im ca d v (C) l nghim ca phng trnh

+ +
0 m x
3 x
0 ) m x )( 3 x ( 4 ) 3 x ( m 4 x 3 x
2
2 2 3
0,50
Theo bi ra ta c iu kin m > 0 v 1 ) m ( ' y ). m ( ' y 0,25
9
35 3 18
m 0 1 m 36 m 9 1 ) m 6 m 3 )( m 6 m 3 (
2
t
+ + (tha
0,25
x
y
-1
2 O
4
2
1
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mn)
II.1 Gii h phng trnh i s 1,00
Ta thy y = 0 khng phi l nghim ca h 0,25
H phng trnh tng ng vi

'

+
+
+ +
+
1 ) 2 y x (
y
1 x
2 2 y x
y
1 x
2
2
0,25
t 2 y x v ,
y
1 x
u
2
+
+
Ta c h
1 v u
1 uv
2 v u

'

+
0,25
Suy ra

'

+
1 2 y x
1
y
1 x
2
. Gii h trn ta c nghim ca hpt cho l
(1; 2), (-2; 5)
0,25
II.2 Gii phng trnh lng gic 1,00
iu kin:
0
3
x cos
6
x cos
3
x sin
6
x sin
,
_

+
,
_

,
_

+
,
_

Ta c
1 x
6
cot
6
x tan
3
x tan
6
x tan
,
_

,
_

,
_

+
,
_

0,25
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi
8
1
x 3 cos x cos x 3 sin . x sin
3 3
+
1 cos2x cos2x cos4x 1 cos2x cos2x cos4x 1
2 2 2 2 8
+ +
+
0,25
2
1
x 2 cos
8
1
x 2 cos
2
1
) x 4 cos x 2 cos x 2 (cos 2
3
+ 0,25

k
6
x
(loi) k
6
x
,
(k ) Z
. Vy phng trnh c nghim +

k
6
x ,
(k ) Z
0,25
III Tnh tch phn 1,00
t

'

+ +
+

'

+ +
2 / x v
dx
1 x x
1 x 2
du
xdx dv
) 1 x x ln( u
2
2
2
1
1 2 3 2
2
2
0 0
x 1 2x x
I ln(x x 1) dx
2 2 x x 1
+
+ +
+ +

0,25

+ +

+ +
+
+
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
1 x x
dx
4
3
dx
1 x x
1 x 2
4
1
dx ) 1 x 2 (
2
1
3 ln
2
1
( )
1 1
1
0
2
1
0
2
I
4
3
3 ln
4
3
I
4
3
) 1 x x ln(
4
1
x x
2
1
3 ln
2
1
+ + +
0,25
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* Tnh I
1
:

,
_

+
,
_

1
0
2
2
1
2
3
2
1
x
dx
I
. t
,
_

+
2
,
2
t , t tan
2
3
2
1
x
Suy ra
9
3
t
3
3 2
t tan 1
dt ) t tan 1 (
3
3 2
I
3 /
6 /
3 /
6 /
2
2
1


+
+

0,25
Vy
12
3
3 ln
4
3
I

0,25
IV Tnh th tch khi lng tr 1,00
Gi M l trung im ca BC, gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca
M ln AA, Khi (P) (BCH). Do gc

A'AM
nhn nn H nm
gia AA. Thit din ca lng tr ct bi (P) l tam gic BCH.
0,25
Do tam gic ABC u cnh a nn
3
3 a
AM
3
2
AO ,
2
3 a
AM
Theo bi ra
4
3 a
HM
8
3 a
BC . HM
2
1
8
3 a
S
2 2
BCH

0,25
4
a 3
16
a 3
4
a 3
HM AM AH
2 2
2 2

Do hai tam gic AAO v MAH ng dng nn
AH
HM
AO
O ' A

suy ra
3
a
a 3
4
4
3 a
3
3 a
AH
HM . AO
O ' A
0,25
Th tch khi lng tr:
12
3 a
a
2
3 a
3
a
2
1
BC . AM . O ' A
2
1
S . O ' A V
3
ABC
0,25
V Tm gi tr ln nht ... 1,00
Ta c a
2
+b
2
2ab, b
2

+ 1 2b
1 b ab
1
2
1
2 1 b b a
1
3 b 2 a
1
2 2 2 2 2
+ +

+ + + +

+ +
Tng t
1 a ca
1
2
1
3 a 2 c
1
,
1 c bc
1
2
1
3 c 2 b
1
2 2 2 2
+ +

+ + + +

+ +
0,50
A
B
C
C
B
A
H
O
M
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2
1
b ab 1
b
ab 1 b
ab
1 b ab
1
2
1
1 a ca
1
1 c bc
1
1 b ab
1
2
1
P
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +

+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +

,
_

,
_

0,25
2
1
P khi a = b = c = 1. Vy P t gi tr ln nht bng
2
1
khi a =
b = c = 1.
0,25
VIa.1
Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua giao im ca(E) v
(P)
1,00
Honh giao im ca (E) v (P) l nghim ca phng trnh
0 9 x 37 x 36 x 9 1 ) x 2 x (
9
x
2 3 4 2 2
2
+ + (*)
0,25
Xt 9 x 37 x 36 x 9 ) x ( f
2 3 4
+ , f(x) lin tc trn R c f(-1)f(0) < 0,
f(0)f(1) < 0, f(1)f(2) < 0, f(2)f(3) < 0 suy ra (*) c 4 nghim phn
bit, do (E) ct (P) ti 4 im phn bit
0,25
To cc giao im ca (E) v (P) tha mn h

'

+

1 y
9
x
x 2 x y
2
2
2
0,25
0 9 y 8 x 16 y 9 x 9
9 y 9 x
y 8 x 16 x 8
2 2
2 2
2
+

'

(**)
(**) l phng trnh ca ng trn c tm
,
_

9
4
;
9
8
I
, bn knh R
=
9
161
Do 4 giao im ca (E) v (P) cng nm trn ng
trn c phng trnh (**)
0,25
VIa.2 Vit phng trnh mt phng ().... 1,00
Do () // () nn () c phng trnh 2x + 2y z + D = 0 (D

17)
Mt cu (S) c tm I(1; -2; 3), bn knh R = 5
ng trn c chu vi 6 nn c bn knh r = 3.
0,25
Khong cch t I ti () l h =
4 3 5 r R
2 2 2 2

0,25
Do

+
+ +
+ +
(loi) 17 D
7 D
12 D 5 4
) 1 ( 2 2
D 3 ) 2 ( 2 1 . 2
2 2 2
0,25
Vy () c phng trnh 2x + 2y z - 7 = 0 0,25
VII.a Tm h s ca x
2
... 1,00
Ta c ( )

+ + + + +
2
0
n n
n
2 2
n
1
n
0
n
2
0
n
dx x C x C x C C dx ) x 1 ( I
2
0
1 n n
n
3 2
n
2 1
n
0
n
x C
1 n
1
x C
3
1
x C
2
1
x C
,
_

+
+ + + +
+

suy ra I
n
n
1 n
2
n
3
1
n
2
0
n
C
1 n
2
C
3
2
C
2
2
C 2
+
+ + + +
+
(1)
0,25
www.dieucanbiet.com
Mt khc
1 n
1 3
) x 1 (
1 n
1
I
1 n
2
0
1 n
+

+
+

+
+
(2)
T (1) v (2) ta c
n
n
1 n
2
n
3
1
n
2
0
n
C
1 n
2
C
3
2
C
2
2
C 2
+
+ + + +
+

1 n
1 3
1 n
+

+
Theo bi ra th 7 n 6561 3
1 n
6560
1 n
1 3
1 n
1 n

+

+
+
0,25
Ta c khai trin ( )

,
_

,
_

+
7
0
4
k 3 14
k
7
k
k
7
0
4
k 7
k
7
7
4
x C
2
1
x 2
1
x C
x 2
1
x 0,25
S hng cha x
2
ng vi k tha mn 2 k 2
4
k 3 14

Vy h s cn tm l
4
21
C
2
1
2
7
2

0,25
VIb.1 Vit phng trnh ng trn .... 1,00
Do B d
1
nn B = (m; - m 5), C d
2
nn C = (7 2n; n) 0,25
Do G l trng tm tam gic ABC nn

'

+
+ +
0 . 3 n 5 m 3
2 . 3 n 2 7 m 2

'

'

1 n
1 m
2 n m
3 n 2 m
Suy ra B = (-1; -4), C= (5; 1)
0,25
Gi s ng trn (C) ngoi tip tam gic ABC c phng trnh
0 c by 2 ax 2 y x
2 2
+ + + + . Do A, B, C (C) nn ta c h

'

'

+ + + +
+ +
+ + + +
27 / 338 c
18 / 17 b
54 / 83 a
0 c b 2 a 10 1 25
0 c b 8 a 2 16 1
0 c b 6 a 4 9 4

0,25
Vy (C) c phng trnh 0
27
338
y
9
17
x
27
83
y x
2 2
+ + 0,25
VIb.2 Tm gi tr nh nht ... 1,00
Gi G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC, suy ra G =
,
_

3 ;
3
8
;
3
7
Ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
GC MG GB MG GA MG MC MB MA F + + + + + + +
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
GC GB GA MG 3 ) GC GB GA ( MG 2 GC GB GA MG 3 + + + + + + + + +
0,25
F nh nht MG
2
nh nht M l hnh chiu ca G ln (P) 0,25

3 3
19
1 1 1
3 3 3 / 8 3 / 7
)) P ( , G ( d MG
+ +

0,25
3
64
9
104
9
32
9
56
GC GB GA
2 2 2
+ + + +
Vy F nh nht bng
9
553
3
64
3 3
19
. 3
2
+

,
_

khi M l hnh chiu ca

G ln (P)
0,25
VIIb Gii h phng trnh m 1,00
www.dieucanbiet.com

'

+
+ +

'

+
+ +
+

+
+
1 y x e
1 y x e
1 y x e
) 1 x ( 2 e e
y x
y x
y x
y x y x
t u = x + y , v = x - y ta c h

'

'

+
+
) 2 ( u v e e
) 1 ( 1 u e
1 v e
1 u e
v u
v
u
v
0,25
- Nu u > v th (2) c v tri dng, v phi m nn (2) v
nghim
- Tng t nu u < v th (2) v nghim, nn (2)
v u
0,25
Th vo (1) ta c e
u
= u+1 (3) . Xt f(u) = e
u
- u- 1 , f'(u) = e
u
- 1
Bng bin thin:
u -

0
+

f'(u) - 0 +
f(u)
0
Theo bng bin thin ta c f(u) = 0 0 u .
0,25
Do (3) c 1 nghim u = 0

'

'

+

0 y
0 x
0 y x
0 y x
0 v

Vy h phng trnh cho c mt nghim (0; 0)
0,25
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 7
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH ( 7 im )
Cu I ( 2,0im) Cho hm s y = x
3
(m + 1)x + 5 m
2
.
1) Kho st hm s khi m = 2;
2) Tm m th hm s c im cc i v im cc tiu, ng thi cc im cc i, cc tiu v im
I(0 ; 4) thng hng.
Cu II(2.0im) 1, Gii phng trnh: ( )
3
2 7
log 1 x log x + =
.
2, Gii phng trnh
,
_

+
2 4
cos 2 sin
2
cos sin
2
sin 1
2 2
x
x
x
x
x
Cu III (1.0 im) Gii bt phng trnh sau
2 2 2
8 15 4 18 18 2 15 x x x x x x + + +
Cu IV(1.0 im) Tnh tch phn I=

+ +
4
2
3
1 2 1 x x
dx

Cu V(1.0 im) Cho lng tr tam gic ABC.A
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh bng a, gc to bi
cnh bn v mt phng y bng 30
0
. Hnh chiu H ca im A trn mt phng
(A
1
B
1
C
1
) thuc ng thng B
1
C
1
. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng thng AA
1
v B
1
C
1
theo a.
PHN RING CHO TNG CHNG TRNH ( 3 im )
A/ Phn bi theo chng trnh chun
Cu VI.a: (2.0im)
www.dieucanbiet.com
1. Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh (x-
1)
2
+ (y+2)
2
= 9
v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy nht mt im
A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai tip im) sao
cho tam gic ABC vung.
2.Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng
d c phng trnh

'

+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
. Lp phng trnh mp (P) i qua A, song song vi d v
khong cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Cu VII.a: (1.0im) Cho ng thc:

n 1 n 2 n 3 2n 1 2n 8
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
C C C ... C C 2 1
+ + + -
+ + + + +
+ + + + + = - .
Tm h s ca s hng cha x
10
trong khai trin
( )
n
3 4
1 x x x - + - .
B/ Phn bi theo chng trnh nng cao
Cu VI.b: (2 .0 im)
1 Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh (x-
1)
2
+ (y+2)
2
= 9
v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy nht mt im
A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C) (B, C l hai tip im) sao
cho tam gic ABC vung.
2.Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng thng
d c phng trnh

'

+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
Lp phng trnh mp(P) i qua A, song song vi d v khong
cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Cu VII.b: (1.0 im) Gii bt phng trnh:
3 2
4
) 3 2 ( ) 3 2 (
1 2 1 2
2 2

+ +
+ x x x x


p n
Cu Hng dn gii chi tit i

m
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH 7.0
0
Cu I 2
1
Cho hm s y = x
3
(m + 1)x + 5 m
2
.
Kho st hm s khi m = 2;
1
Khi m = 2, hm s tr thnh: y = x
3
3x + 1
1* TX: D = R
2* S bin thin ca hm s:
* Gii hn ti v cc:
( ) lim
x
f x

:
( ) +
+
x f
x
lim

0.
25
* Bng bin thin: C y = 3x
2
3 ,
' 0 1 y x t
x - -1 1 +
0.
5
www.dieucanbiet.com
y + 0 - 0 +

y 3 +
- - 1


Hm s ng bin trn mi khong ( ) 1 ; v ( ) + ; 1 ,
Hm s nghch bin trn mi khong ( ) 1;1

Hm s t t cc i ti
1; 3
CD
x y
, cc tiu ti
1; 1
CT
x y
,
3* th:
* im un:
'' 6 y x
, cc im un l: ( ) 0;1 U
* Giao im vi trc Oy ti : ( ) 0;1 U

* th:

0.
25
2
Tm m th hm s c im cc i v im cc tiu, ng thi cc im cc i, cc
tiu v im I(0 ; 4) thng hng. 1
C y = 3x
2
(m + 1). Hm s c C, CT y = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit
3(m + 1) > 0 m > 1 (*)
0.
5
Phng trnh ng thng i qua hai im cc i, cc tiu ca th
hm s l

2
2
( 1) 5
3
y m x m + +
Cc im cc i, cc tiu v im I(0 ; 4) thng hng.

2
5 4
1
m
m

t
KL : m = 1
0.
5
Cu II
1
Gii phng trnh:
( )
3
2 7
log 1 x log x + =
.
1
1. iu kin: x > 0. t
t
7
t log x x 7 = = . 0.
25

( ) ( )
t t
t t t t
3 3
t
3 3 3 3
2
1 7
pt log 1 7 t 1 7 2 1 7 8 1
8 8


+ = + = + = + =

(*). 0.
25
Chng minh pt (*) c nghim duy nht t = 3. 0.
25
Vy phng trnh c nghim x = 343. 0.
25
2
-2
-1
1 2 x
1
3
-1 -2
y
O
www.dieucanbiet.com
2
Gii phng trnh
,
_

+
2 4
cos 2 sin
2
cos sin
2
sin 1
2 2
x
x
x
x
x
1
) 1 (
2 4
cos 2 sin
2
cos sin
2
sin 1
2 2

,
_

+
x
x
x
x
x
( ) x sin 1 x
2
cos 1 x sin
2
x
cos x sin
2
x
sin 1 1
2
+
,
_

+ +
0.
25

0 1
2
x
cos
2
x
sin 2 .
2
x
cos
2
x
sin x sin 0 1 x sin
2
x
cos
2
x
sin x sin
,
_

,
_

0 1
2
x
sin 2
2
x
sin 2 1
2
x
sin x sin
2

,
_

+ +
,
_

0.
5

2
sin 0
sin 1
4 2 2
2 2
2sin 2sin 1 0
2 2
x
x k
x k
x
x k
x
x k k
x x

+ +


+ +

0.
25
Cu III
Gii bt phng trnh sau
2 2 2
8 15 4 18 18 2 15 x x x x x x + + +
(1) 1
TX
5, 5, 3 x x x
TH1 x = 3 l nghim ca (1)
0.
25
TH2 5 x th (1)
17
5 5 4 6
3
x x x x + +
Vy BPT (1) c nghim
17
5
3
x
0.
25
TH3 5 x th (1)
17
5 5 6 4
3
x x x x +
Vy BPT (1) c nghim 5 x
Kl : Tp nghim ca bt pt l { }
17
( ; 5) 3 (5; )
3
S
0.
25
0.
25
Cu IV
Tnh tch phn: I=
+ +
4
2
3
1 2 1 x x
dx
1
+I=
+ +
4
2
3
1 2 1 x x
dx
t t= 1 2 + x

1 2
2
+ x t

tdt=dx
+i cn : x=
2
3

t = 2
x=4

t = 3
+Khi I=

3
2
2
1
2
1
t
t
tdt
=


3
2
2
) 1 (
2
t
tdt
0.
5
dt
t
t

+
3
2
2
) 1 (
1 1
=


+

3
2
2
3
2
) 1 (
2
) 1 (
1
2
t
dt
dt
t
0.
5
www.dieucanbiet.com
=
3
2
3
2 1
2
1 ln 2

t
t
=2ln2+1 +Vy I= 2ln2+1
Cu V
Cho lng tr tam gic ABC.A
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh bng a, gc to bi cnh
bn v mt phng y bng 30
0
. Hnh chiu H ca im A trn mt
phng (A
1
B
1
C
1
) thuc ng thng B
1
C
1
. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng
thng AA
1
v B
1
C
1
theo a.
1
Do ) (
1 1 1
C B A AH nn gc

1
AA H l gc gia AA
1
v (A
1
B
1
C
1
), theo gi
thit th gc

1
AA H bng 30
0
. Xt tam gic vung AHA
1
c AA
1
= a, gc

1
AA H =30
0

2
3
1
a
H A .
0.
25
Do tam gic A
1
B
1
C
1
l tam gic u cnh a, H thuc B
1
C
1
v
2
3
1
a
H A nn
A
1
H vung gc vi B
1
C
1
. Mt khc
1 1
C B AH nn ) (
1 1 1
H AA C B
0.
25
K ng cao HK ca tam gic AA
1
H th HK chnh l khong cch gia AA
1
v B
1
C
1
0.
25
Ta c AA
1
.HK = A
1
H.AH
4
3 .
1
1
a
AA
AH H A
HK
0.
25

PHN RING CHO MI CHNG TRNH
3.
0
Phn li gii bi theo chng trnh Chun
Cu VIa 2
1 Trong mt phng vi h ta Oxy cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh
(x-1)
2
+ (y+2)
2
= 9
v ng thng d: x + y + m = 0. Tm m trn ng thng d c duy
nht mt im A m t k c hai tip tuyn AB, AC ti ng trn (C)
(B, C l hai tip im) sao cho tam gic ABC vung.
1
T pt ct ca ng trn ta c tm I(1;-2), R = 3, t A k c 2 tip tuyn
AB, AC ti ng trn v AC AB => t gic ABIC l hnh vung cnh bng
3
2 3 IA

0.
5

5 1
3 2 1 6
7
2
m m
m
m

0,
5
2 1
A1
11
11
11
11
1
A B
C
C
1
B
1
K
H
www.dieucanbiet.com
Trong khng gian vi h ta Oxyz cho im A(10; 2; -1) v ng
thng d c phng trnh

'

+
t z
t y
t x
3 1
2 1
. Lp phng trnh mt phng (P) i
qua A, song song vi d v khong cch t d ti (P) l ln nht.
Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d, mt phng (P) i qua A v (P)//d, khi
khong cch gia d v (P) l khong cch t H n (P).
Gi s im I l hnh chiu ca H ln (P), ta c HI AH => HI ln nht khi
I A
Vy (P) cn tm l mt phng i qua A v nhn
AH
lm vc t php
tuyn.
0.
5
) 3 1 ; ; 2 1 ( t t t H d H + +
v H l hnh chiu ca A trn d nn
) 3 ; 1 ; 2 ( ( 0 . u u AH d AH l vc t ch phng ca d)
) 5 ; 1 ; 7 ( ) 4 ; 1 ; 3 ( AH H Vy (P): 7(x 10) + (y 2) 5(z + 1) = 0
7x + y -5z -77 = 0
0.
5
CuVII.a
Cho ng thc:
n 1 n 2 n 3 2n 1 2n 8
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
C C C ... C C 2 1
+ + + -
+ + + + +
+ + + + + = - .
Tm h s ca s hng cha x
10
trong khai trin
( )
n
3 4
1 x x x - + - .
1
n 1 n 2 n 3 2n 1 2n
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
S C C C ... C C
+ + + -
+ + + + +
= + + + + + , ta c:
( )
2n 1 0 1 2 n 1 n n 1 n 2 2n 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
(1 1) C C C ... C C C C ... C C
+ - + + +
+ + + + + + + + +
+ = + + + + + + + + + +
( ) ( )
2n 1 0 2n 1 2n 2n 1 n 2 n 1 n 1 n 2 2n 1 2n
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
2 C C C C ... C C C C ... C C
+ + - + + + + -
+ + + + + + + + + +
= + + + + + + + + + + +
2n 1 2n 2n 8
2 2 2S 2 1 S 2 2 n 4
+
= + = + = = .
0.
5

( ) ( ) ( )
n 4 4
4
3 4 3 3
1 x x x (1 x) x (1 x) 1 x 1 x

- + - = - + - = - +


( ) ( )
0 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 0 1 3 2 6 3 9 4 12
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
C C x C x C x C x C C x C x C x C x = - + - + + + + +
.
Ta c h s ca x
10
l:
1 3 4 2
4 4 4 4
C .C C .C 10 - + =- .
0.
5
Phn li gii bi theo chng trnh Nng cao
Cu VI.b Ging chng trnh chun
CuVII.
b
Gii bt phng trnh:
3 2
4
) 3 2 ( ) 3 2 (
1 2 1 2
2 2

+ +
+ x x x x
1

Bpt
( ) ( ) 4 3 2 3 2
2 2
2 2
+ +
x x x x
t
( ) ) 0 ( 3 2
2
2
> +

t t
x x
, ta c: 4
1
+
t
t
0 1 4
2
+ t t 3 2 3 2 + t (tm)
0.
5
www.dieucanbiet.com

Khi :
( ) 3 2 3 2 3 2
2
2
+ +
x x
1 2 1
2
x x

2 1 2 1 0 1 2
2
+ x x x
KL:
0.
5
www.VNMATH.com
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 8
PHN CHUNG CHO T T CA CAC THI SINH (7,0 im)
Cu I (2 im)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca ha m s
2 1
1
x
y
x

2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit khong cch t im I(1;2) n tip tuyn bng 2 .
www.dieucanbiet.com
Cu II (2 im)
1) Giai phng trnh
2
17
sin(2 ) 16 2 3.sin cos 20sin ( )
2 2 12
x
x x x

+ + + +
2) Giai h phng trnh :
4 3 2 2
3 2
1
1
x x y x y
x y x xy
+

'
+

Cu III (1 im): Ti nh tch phn: I =

4
0
tan .ln(cos )
cos
x x
dx
x

Cu IV (1 im):
Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung ti A vi AB = a, cc mt bn l cc tam gic cn ti
nh S. Hai mt phng (SAB) v (SAC) cng to vi mt phng y gc 60
0
. Tnh csin ca gc gia hai mt
phng (SAB) v (SBC) .
Cu V: (1 im) Cho a,b,c la cac s dng thoa ma n a + b + c = 1. Chng minh rng:

3
a b b c c a
ab c bc a ca b
+ + +
+ +
+ + +
PHN RING (3 im) Thi sinh chi c lam m t trong hai phn (phn A ho c B)
A. Theo chng trinh Chu n
Cu VI.a (1 im)
Trong mt ph ng toa Oxy cho im A(1;1) v ng thng : 2x + 3y + 4 = 0.
Tim ta im B thuc ng thng sao cho ng thng AB v hp vi nhau gc 45
0
.
Cu VII.a (1 im): Trong khng gian vi h toa Oxyz, cho im M(1;-1;1)
va hai ng thng
1
( ) :
1 2 3
x y z
d
+


v
1 4
( ') :
1 2 5
x y z
d


Ch ng minh: im M, (d), (d) cung n m trn mt mt ph ng. Vi t phng tri nh mt ph ng o.
Cu VIII.a (1 im)
Gii phng trinh:
2 2
2
(24 1) (24 1) (24 1)
log log
+ + +
+
x x x x x
log x x x

Theo chng trinh Nng cao
Cu VI.b (1 im)
Trong mt ph ng toa Oxy cho ng tro n
2 2
( ) : 1 C x y + , ng th ng
( ) : 0 d x y m + +
. Tim
m

( ) C
ct
( ) d
tai A va B sao cho din tich tam giac ABO ln nht.
Cu VII.b (1 im)
Trong khng gian vi h toa Oxyz, cho ba mt phng:
(P): 2x y + z + 1 = 0, (Q): x y + 2z + 3 = 0, (R): x + 2y 3z + 1 = 0
v ng thng
1
:
2
2

x
=
1
1 + y
=
3
z
. Gi
2
l giao tuyn ca (P) v (Q).
Vit phng trnh ng thng (d) vung gc vi (R) v ct c hai ng thng
1
,
2
.
Cu VIII.b (1 im) Gii bt phng trnh: log
x
( log
3
( 9
x
72 )) 1
----------H t----------
P N V THANG IM
Cu - Ni dung im
www.dieucanbiet.com
1.1
*Tp xc nh : { } \ 1 D
*Tnh
2
1
' 0
( 1)
y x D
x

<

Hm s nghch bin trn cc khong

( ;1)
v
(1; ) +
*Hm s khng c cc tr
*Gii hn
1 x
Limy
+

+

1 x
Limy

2
x
Limy
+

2
x
Limy

th c tim cn ng :x=1 , tim cn ngang y=2

*Bng bin thin
*V th
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
1.2
*Tip tuyn ca (C) ti im
0 0
( ; ( )) ( ) M x f x C
c phng trnh

0 0 0
'( )( ) ( ) y f x x x f x +
Hay
2 2
0 0 0
( 1) 2 2 1 0 x x y x x + + (*)
*Khong cch t im I(1;2) n tip tuyn (*) bng
2

0
4
0
2 2
2
1 ( 1)
x
x

+

gii c nghim
0
0 x
v
0
2 x
*Cc tip tuyn cn tm :
1 0 x y +
v
5 0 x y +
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
2.1 *Bin i phng trnh cho tng ng vi
os2 3sin 2 10 os( ) 6 0
6
c x x c x

+ + +
os(2 ) 5 os( ) 3 0
3 6
c x c x

+ + + +

2
2 os ( ) 5 os( ) 2 0
6 6
c x c x

+ + + +
Gii c
1
os( )
6 2
c x

+ v os( ) 2
6
c x

+ (loi)
*Gii
1
os( )
6 2
c x

+ c nghim 2
2
x k

+ v
5
2
6
x k

+
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
2.2
*Bin i h tng ng vi
2 2 3
3 2
( ) 1
( ) 1
x xy x y
x y x xy

'

*t n ph
2
3
x xy u
x y v

'

, ta c h
2
1
1
u v
v u

'

*Gii h trn c nghim (u;v) l (1;0) v (-2;-3)

*T gii c nghim (x;y) l (1;0) v (-1;0)
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
3 *t t=cosx
Tnh dt=-sinxdx , i cn x=0 th t=1 ,
4
x

th
1
2
t
0.25
www.dieucanbiet.com
T
1
1 2
2 2
1 1
2
ln ln t t
I dt dt
t t


*t
2
1
ln ; u t dv dt
t

1 1
; du dt v
t t

Suy ra
1
2
1
2
1 1
1 1 2 1
ln ln 2
1 1
2
2 2
I t dt
t t t
+

*Kt qu
2
2 1 ln 2
2
I
0.25
0.25
0.25
4 *V hnh
*Gi H l trung im BC , chng minh
( ) SH ABC
*Xc nh ng gc gia hai mt phng (SAB) , (SAC) vi mt y l

0
60 SEH SFH
*K HK SB , lp lun suy ra gc gia hai mt phng (SAB) v (SBC)
bng HKA .
*Lp lun v tnh c AC=AB=a ,
2
2
a
HA ,
0
3
tan 60
2
a
SH HF
*Tam gic SHK vung ti H c
2 2 2
1 1 1 3
10
KH a
HK HS HB
+
*Tam gic AHK vung ti H c
2
20
2
tan
3 3
10
a
AH
AKH
KH
a


3
cos
23
AKH
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
5
*Bin i
1 1
1 (1 )(1 )
a b c c
ab c ab b a a b
+

+ +
*T
1 1 1
(1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 )
c b a
VT
a b c a c b

+ +

Do a,b,c dng v a+b+c=1 nn a,b,c thuc khong (0;1) => 1-a,1-b,1-c
dng
*p dng bt ng thc Csi cho ba s dng ta c
3
1 1 1
3. . .
(1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 ) (1 )(1 )
c b a
VT
a b c a c b

=3 (pcm)
ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi
1
3
a b c
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
6.a
* c phng trnh tham s
1 3
2 2
x t
y t

'
+

v c vtcp ( 3; 2) u
ur
*A thuc
(1 3 ; 2 2 ) A t t +

*Ta c (AB; )=45
0

1
os( ; )
2
c AB u
uuuur ur

.
1
2 .
ABu
AB u

uuuur ur
ur
0.25
0.25
www.dieucanbiet.com

2
15 3
169 156 45 0
13 13
t t t t
*Cc im cn tm l
1 2
32 4 22 32
( ; ), ( ; )
13 13 13 13
A A
0.25
0.25
7.a
*(d) i qua
1
(0; 1; 0) M
v c vtcp
1
(1; 2; 3) u
uur
(d) i qua
2
(0;1; 4) M
v c vtcp
2
(1; 2;5) u
uur
*Ta c
1 2
; ( 4; 8; 4) u u O
1

]
uur uur ur
,
1 2
(0; 2; 4) M M
uuuuuuur
Xt
1 2 1 2
; . 16 14 0 u u M M
1
+
]
uur uur uuuuuuur
(d) v (d) ng phng .
*Gi (P) l mt phng cha (d) v (d) => (P) c vtpt (1; 2; 1) n
ur
v i
qua M
1
nn c phng trnh
2 2 0 x y z + +
*D thy im M(1;-1;1) thuc mf(P) , t ta c pcm
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
8.a *iu kin :x>0
*TH1 : xt x=1 l nghim
*TH2 : xt 1 x , bin i phng trnh tng ng vi

1 2 1
1 2log (24 1) 2 log (24 1) log (24 1)
x x x
x x x
+
+ + + + +
t
log ( 1)
x
x t +
, ta c phng trnh

1 2 1
1 2 2 t t t
+
+ +
gii c t=1 v t=-2/3
*Vi t=1
log ( 1) 1
x
x +
phng trnh ny v nghim
*Vi t=-2/3
2
log ( 1)
3
x
x +

2 3
.(24 1) 1 x x + (*)
Nhn thy
1
8
x l nghim ca (*)
Nu
1
8
x > th VT(*)>1
Nu
1
8
x < th VT(*)<1 , vy (*) c nghim duy nht
1
8
x
*Kt lun : Cc nghim ca phng trnh cho l x=1 v
1
8
x
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
6.b *(C) c tm O(0;0) , bn knh R=1
*(d) ct (C) ti hai im phn bit
( ; ) 1 dO d <
*Ta c
1 1 1
. .sin .sin
2 2 2
OAB
S OAOB AOB AOB
T din tch tam gic AOB ln nht khi v ch khi
0
90 AOB

1
( ; )
2
d I d
1 m t
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
7.b
*
1

c phng trnh tham s

2 2
1
3
x t
y t
z t

+
'

www.dieucanbiet.com
*
2

c phng trnh tham s

2
5 3
x s
y s
z s
+

+
'

*Gi s
1 2
; d A d B
(2 2 ; 1 ;3 ) B(2+s;5+3s;s) A t t t +
* ( 2 ;3 6; 3 ) AB s t s t s t + +
uuuur
, mf(R) c vtpt (1; 2; 3) n
ur
* ( ) & d R AB n
uuuur ur
cng phng

2 3 6 3
1 2 3
s t s t s t + +

23
24
t
*d i qua
1 1 23
( ; ; )
12 12 8
A v c vtcp (1; 2; 3) n
ur
=> d c phng trnh
23 1 1
8 12 12
1 2 3
z x y

0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
8.b
*iu kin :
3
0
log (9 72) 0
9 72 0
x
x
x >

>
'

>

gii c
9
log 73 x >
V
9
log 73 x >
>1 nn bpt cho tng ng vi

3
log (9 72)
x
x
9 72 3
x x


3 8
3 9
x
x

'

2 x
*Kt lun tp nghim :
9
(log 72; 2] T
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
www.dieucanbiet.com
THI TH I HC MN TOA N NM 2011-2012
S 9
www.VNMATH.com
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH(7,0 im)
Cu I ( 2,0 im): Cho hm s
2 4

1
x
y
x

+
.
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s.
2. Tm trn th (C) hai im i xng nhau qua ng thng MN bit M(-3; 0) v N(-1; -1).
Cu II (2,0 im):
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2
1 3 2
1 3
x x
x x
+ +
+ +

2. Gii phng trnh:
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + + + +
Cu III (1,0 im): Tnh tch phn:
2
1
ln
ln
1 ln
e
x
I x dx
x x
_
+

+
,

Cu IV (1,0 im):Cho hai hnh chp S.ABCD v S.ABCD c chung y l hnh vung ABCD cnh a. Hai
nh S v S nm v cng mt pha i vi mt phng (ABCD), c hnh chiu vung gc ln y ln lt l
trung im H ca AD v trung im K ca BC. Tnh th tch phn chung ca hai hnh chp, bit rng SH = SK
=h.
Cu V(1,0 im): Cho x, y, z l nhng s dng tho mn xyz = 1. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:

9 9 9 9 9 9
6 3 3 6 6 3 3 6 6 3 3 6
x y y z z x
P
x x y y y y z z z z x x
+ + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
PHN RING(3,0 im)
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn(phn A hoc phn B)
A. Theo chng trnh chun.
Cu VI.a (2,0 im)
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho ng trn (C) c phng trnh:
2 2
4 3 4 0 x y x + + .
Tia Oy ct (C) ti A. Lp phng trnh ng trn (C), bn knh R = 2 v tip xc ngoi vi (C) ti A.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to Oxyz, cho hai im A(1;2; -1), B(7; -2; 3) v ng thng d c phng trnh
2 3
2 (t R)
4 2
x t
y t
z t
+

'

. Tm trn d nhng im M sao cho tng khong cch t M n A v B l nh nht.

Cu VII.a (1,0 im): Gii phng trnh trong tp s phc:
2
0 z z +
B. Theo chng trnh nng cao.
Cu VI.b (2,0 im):
1. Trong mt phng vi h to Oxy, cho hnh ch nht ABCD c cnh AB: x -2y -1 =0, ng cho BD: x-
7y +14 = 0 v ng cho AC i qua im M(2;1). Tm to cc nh ca hnh ch nht.
2. Trong khng gian vi h to vung gc Oxyz, cho hai ng thng:

2 1 0 3 3 0
( ) ; ( ')
1 0 2 1 0
x y x y z
x y z x y
+ + + +

' '
+ +

.Chng minh rng hai ng thng ( ) v ( ' ) ct nhau.
Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca cp ng thng phn gic ca cc gc to bi ( ) v ( ' ).
Cu VII.b (1,0 im): Gii h phng trnh:
2 2 2
3 3 3
log 3 log log
log 12 log log
x y y x
x x y y
+ +
'
+ +

.
-------------------------------- Ht ------------------------
H v tn th sinh: ..S bo danh: ...
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P N
Cu Ni dung i
m
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH(7,0 im)
CuI 2.0
1. TX: D = R\{-1}
Chiu bin thin:
2
6
' 0 x D
( 1)
y
x
>
+

=> hs ng bin trn mi khong
( ; 1)
v
( 1; ) +
, hs khng c cc tr
0.25
Gii hn:
1 1
lim 2, lim , lim
x x x
y y y
+
t
+

=> th hs c tim cn ng x= -1, tim cn ngang y = 2
BBT
x -

-1 +

y + +
y

+

2
2 -

0,25
0.25
+ th (C):
th ct trc honh ti im ( ) 2; 0
, trc tung ti im (0;-4)
f ( x ) = ( 2 x - 4 ) /( x + 1 )
f ( x ) = 2
x ( t ) = - 1 , y ( t ) = t
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
x
y
th nhn giao im 2 ng tim cn lm tm i xng
0.25
2. Gi 2 im cn tm l A, B c
6 6
; 2 ; ; 2 ; , 1
1 1
A a B b a b
a b
_ _


+ +
, ,
0.25
Trung im I ca AB: I
2 2
;
2 1 1
a b a b
a b
+ _
+

+ +
,
Pt ng thng MN: x + 2y +3= 0
0.25
C :
. 0 AB MN
I MN

'

uuur uuuur
0.25
=>
0 (0; 4)
2 (2; 0)
a A
b B

>
' '

0,25
CuII 2.0
1. TX: x [ ]
1;3
0,25
t t= 1 3 , t > 0 x x + + =>
2
2
4
3 2
2
t
x x

+
0,25
www.dieucanbiet.com
c pt: t
3
- 2t - 4 = 0 t=2
0,25
Vi t = 2
1
1 3 =2 ( / )
3
x
x x t m
x

+ +

0,25
2.
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + + + +
1,0
TX: D =R
2 3 4 2 3 4
sin sin sin sin cos cos cos cos x x x x x x x x + + + + + +
[ ]
sin 0
(sin ). 2 2(sin ) sin . 0
2 2(sin ) sin . 0
x cosx
x cosx x cosx x cosx
x cosx x cosx

+ + +

+ + +

0,25
+ Vi sin 0 ( )
4
x cosx x k k Z

+
0,25
+ Vi
2 2(sin ) sin . 0 x cosx x cosx + + +
, t t =
sin (t 2; 2 ) x cosx
1
+
]
c pt : t
2
+ 4t +3 = 0
1
3( )
t
t loai

0.25
t = -1
2
( )
2
2
x m
m Z
x m

Vy :
( )
4
2 ( )
2
2
x k k Z
x m m Z
x m

0,25
Cu III
2
1
ln
ln
1 ln
e
x
I x dx
x x
_
+

+
,

1,0
I
1
=
1
ln
1 ln
e
x
dx
x x +

, t t = 1 ln x + , Tnh c I
1
=
4 2 2
3 3

0,5
( )
2
2
1
ln
e
I x dx

, ly tch phn tng phn 2 ln c I

2
= e - 2
0,25
I = I
1
+ I
2
=
2 2 2
3 3
e
0,25
Cu IV 1,0
M
N
A
B
D C
S
S'
H
K
SABS v SDCS l hnh bnh hnh => M, N l trung im SB, SD :
. . S ABCD S AMND
V V V
0,25

. . . S AMND S AMD S MND
V V V +
;
. .
. .
1 1
; . ;
2 4
S AMD S MND
S ABD S BCD
V V SM SM SN
V SB V SB SC

0.25
www.dieucanbiet.com
. . .
1
2
S ABD S ACD S ABCD
V V V ;
. . .
3 5
8 8
S AMND S ABCD S ABCD
V V V V
0.25
2
5
24
V a h
0.25
CuV C x, y, z >0, t : a = x
3
, b = y
3
, c = z
3
(a, b, c >0 ; abc=1)c :
3 3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2
a b b c c a
P
a ab b b bc c c ca a
+ + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
0.25
3 3 2 2
2 2 2 2
( )
a b a ab b
a b
a ab b a ab b
+ +
+
+ + + +
m
2 2
2 2
1
3
a ab b
a ab b
+

+ +
(Bin i tng ng)
2 2
2 2
1
( ) ( )
3
a ab b
a b a b
a ab b
+
> + +
+ +
0.25
Tng t:
3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2
1 1
( ); ( )
3 3
b c c a
b c c a
b bc c c ca a
+ +
+ +
+ + + +
=>
3
2
( ) 2. 2
3
P a b c abc + + (BT Csi) 0.25
=> P
2, 2 khi a = b = c = 1 x = y = z = 1 P
Vy: minP = 2 khi x = y =z =1
0.25
II. PHN RING(3,0 im)
A. Chng trnh chun
CuVI.
a
2.0
1. A(0;2), I(-2 3 ;0), R= 4, gi (C) c tm I
0,25
Pt ng thng IA :
2 3
2 2
x t
y t

'
+

, ' I IA => I( 2 3 ; 2 2 t t + ), 0,25

1
2 ' '( 3;3)
2
AI I A t I >
uur uuur

0,25
(C):
( )
( )
2
2
3 3 4 x y +
0.25
2. M(2+ 3t; - 2t; 4+ 2t) d , AB//d. 0.25
Gi A i xng vi A qua d => MA= MA => MA+ MB = MA + MB AB
(MA+ MB)
min
= AB, khi A, M, B thng hng => MA = MA = MB
0.25
0,25
MA=MB <=> M(2 ; 0 ; 4) 0,25
CuVII
.a
1.0
z = x + iy (
, x y R
), z
2
+
2 2 2 2
0 2 0 z x y x y xyi + + +
0,25
2 2 2 2
2 0
0
xy
x y x y

'
+ +

0,25
(0;0); (0;1) ; (0;-1). Vy: z = 0, z = i, z = - i 0,5
B. Chng trnh nng cao
Cu
VI.b
2.0
1.
(7;3) BD AB B
, pt g thng BC: 2x + y 17 = 0
(2 1; ), ( ;17 2 ), 3, 7 A AB A a a C BC C c c a c +
,
www.dieucanbiet.com
I =
2 1 2 17
;
2 2
a c a c + + + _

,
l trung im ca AC, BD.
0,25
I
3 18 0 3 18 (6 35;3 18) BD c a a c A c c 0,25
M, A, C thng hng , MA MC
uuur uuuur
cng phng => c
2
13c +42 =0
7( )
6
c loai
c

0,25
c = 6 =>A(1;0), C(6;5) , D(0;2), B(7;3) 0.25
2.
Chng minh h c nghim duy nht, ( )

( ' ) = A
1 3
; 0;
2 2
_

,
0.5
(0; 1; 0) ( ) M
, Ly N
( ')
, sao cho: AM = AN => N
AMN cn ti A, ly I l trung im MN => ng phn gic ca cc gc to bi ( ) v (
' ) chnh l g thng AI
0.25
p s:
1 2
1 3 1 3
2 2 2 2
( ) : ; ( ) :
1 1 2 2 3 5 1 1 2 2 3 5
14 30 14 30 14 30 14 30 14 30 14 30
x z x z
y y
d d
+ +


+ + +
0,25
Cu
VII.b
TX:
0
0
x
y
>
'
>

0.25
2 2 2
3 3 3
log 3 log log 3 . 2 .
log 12 log log
12 . 3 .
x y
x y
x y y x y x
x x y y
x y
+ +

' '
+ +



0.25
2
3 . 2 .
x y
y x
y x

'

0.25
4
3
4
3
log 2
2log 2
x
y

'

(t/m TX)
0,25