An Nhon - Quy hoạch quản lý chất thải rắn & Kế hoạch hành động

UBND TNH BNH NH Peoples Committee of BQL D N CP NC BINH DINH Province
V V SINH
WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PPMU
Project Management Unit
QUY HOCH QUN L CHT THI RN HUYN AN NHN NN 2025
Improvement of Sanitation and Protection of the Environment in Tuy Hoa City, Phu Yen
EP&T EP&T
THNG 12/2011 SEPTEMBER 2010
Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn
CHNG 1 GII HI 1.1 1.2 1.3 T T 1.3.3 1.4 T , 3 3 3 3 10 12 13 13 15 16 17 2025 2025 T 2025 2011-2025 2011-2025 2025 2.2.2 2.3 18 18 18 20 23 25 27 28 29 29 30 32 32 33 34 34 34 35 36
HNG 2 2.1
H I NN
2.1.6 2.2
HNG 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
GI I PH P
H 37 37 44 50 53 53 53 59 62 1
3.6 V
T sinh T 3.7 T 3.8 3.9
64 64 65 65 66 67 67 67 68 69 70 74
2010-2014 3.9.5
75 75 77 77 2012-2025
HNG 4 4.1 4.2
H H HIN 81 81 81 83 84 85 86 86 86 87 87
T T T T
4.3 T
PH N PH
P P P P B B B H chi ph 2010-2025 91 108 110 117
HNG 1
GII THIU
T nh nm ven bi n thu c vng Nam trung b c a Vi t Nam. T nh c dn s kho ng 1,49 tri t kho ng 6.025 km2. Trong khu v c t nh, huy ng 20 km v pha Ty B c. Trung tm c a huy n l th tr nh v th tr n th n c di n tch 243 km2 v dn s i. Ngoi 02 th tr n ny, Huy n cn c 13 x. 1.1 H M N H H H N H H I N
a b n Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n t chi n c ton di n cho vi c thu gom, x l v tiu h y t t c ch t th i r n pht sinh uy ch ny ko di t n 2025. Quy ho ch c l p v i s tham v n cht ch t c cc bn lin quan trong huy n thng qua cc cu c hp, th o lu n v h i th o. 1.2 N I NG H N H H N H H I N
B n Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n bao g m cc quy ho ch qu i v i ch t th i sinh ho 2.1, quy t th i cng nghi 2.2, v quy t th i y t nguy h 1.3 trnh by t ng quan cc lu t, ngh n l ch t th i r n. V i mi lo i ch t th i, b n quy ho ch ny m t , khi ng v thnh ph n ch t th . Nh ng yu c u cho vi c thu gom, x l v tiu h y ch t th i, vn v cc chi ph ti chnh c a h th , c thu h i chi ph, cc yu c c ng c th ch , g l c v nng cao nh n th . 1.3 1.3.1 N V I v 5 N H H I c N H N
n php quy c C v q
n php l c p quc gia quan trng nh t v qu n l ch t th i r n l Ngh nh S -CP c a Chnh ph nh yu c u 04 nguyn t c p d ng trong qu n l ch t th i r : 1. ng lm pht sinh ch t th i r n ph i tr ph thu gom, v n chuy n v x l ch t th i;
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2. Ch t th i r n ph c phn lo i t i ngu , c ti ch , ti s d ng. Cc thnh ph n c th ti s d ng ph c thu h i lm nguyn li u s n xu t ng; 3. ng ch t th i 4. x l ch t th i r n kh phn h y c kh chn l p nhm ti t ki m t;
c khuy n khch vi c x h i ha cng tc thu gom, phn lo i, v n chuy n v x l ch t th i r n.
Ngh nh cc n i dung qu c ch t th i r n v cng b cc yu c u quy ho n l ch t th i r T , nh nh chi ti t cc ho ng phn lo , , , v n chuy n v x n l ch t th i r n. Cui cng, ngh uv thanh ki u kho n thi hnh. v q -TTg, ph duy t , n
Ngy 17/12/2009, Th ng Chnh ph k Quy nh s Chi c quc gia v qu n l t ng h p ch t th i r . Chi c bao g m nh : mi ngu n l , t LT
(QLTHCTR) l trch nhi m chung c a ton x h i, c c vai tr ch o y m nh x h i h , ng t n l t ng h p ch t th i r n. m b o t v kinh ng, gp ph n
TR c th c hi n lin vng, lin ngnh k thu t, an ton v x h ng.
QLTHCTR l m t trong nh a cng tc b o v ki m sot nhi , ng t i pht tri n b n v c. QLTHCTR nguyn t i gy nhim ph i tr ti n, ch c, c nhn pht sinh ch t th i, gy nhi , nhi , c ph c, b ng thi t h lu t.
ng c trch nh c a php
Qu n l ch t th i r n ph c th c hi n theo c t ng h p, nhm phng ng a, gi m thi u pht sinh ch t th i t i ngu n l nhi m v , ng ti s d ng, ti ch gi m kh ng ch t th i ph i chn l p.
V im tt ch t th i pht sinh s c thu gom, ti s d ng, ti ch v x l bng cc cng ngh tin ti n v thn thi n v i mi ng ng ch t th i chn l p, chi ra nh ng m c tiu : : + % ng % , hoc lm compost. (CTRSH) c ti ch , ti s d ng, thu h
ng
+ + + +
% ng gom x l, 30% bn b th cn l
xy d ng (CTRXD) pht sinh t % c thu h ti s d ng hoc ti ch . c thu gom x II tr ln v 10% mb ng.
c thu
Gi m 40% ti nilon s d ng t i cc siu th v trung t % h c cng trnh ti ch
i so v i t i
th c hi n phn lo i
80% ng c thu gom x c thu h % b % h
mb ti s d ng
(CTRCN) khng nguy h i pht sinh , % ti ch . (KCN) cx m
+ + + +
ng CTRCN nguy h i t i cc ng. ng c thu gom v x
(CTRYT) khng nguy h i v 70% CTRYT nguy mb ng. nng thn v 50% t i cc ng. nh s c x l. -TTg
40% lng ngh
pht sinh t i cc khu c thu gom v x mb
100% bi rc gy nhim nghim trng theo Quy do Th ng Chnh ph ngy 22/04/2003 :
+ %
ng CTRSH , % compost. % %
c thu gom c ti s d ng, ti ch , thu h c thu gom
m b o mi ng hoc lm x , cn l i i so v i t i h gia mb o ng. yt , i cc lng ngh
+ + + + + + + +
ng CTRXD pht sinh t c thu h ti s d ng hoc ti ch . mb
50% bn c thu gom v x l
II tr ln v 30% ng.
Gi m 65% ti nilon s d ng t i cc siu th % % % c cng trnh ti ch CTR th c hi n phn lo i ng CTRCN khng nguy h , % c thu h ng CTRCN nguy h i t c thu gom x ti s d ng ti ch . cx mb
% ng CTRYT khng nguy h i v nguy h i pht sinh t b nh vi c thu gom v x mb ng. 70% CTR pht sinh t i c thu gom v x mb
5
% ng.
+ + % % , compost. + + + + x + % %
: c cng trnh ti ch CTR th c hi n phn lo i ng CTRSH % c thu gom c ti s d ng, ti ch , thu h x t i h gia m b o mi ng hoc lm x ,
ng CTRXD pht sinh t c thu h ti s d ng hoc ti ch . c thu gom v x
c thu gom
100% bn b c cn l
II tr ln v 50% mb ng. i so v i c thu gom v % ng. i cc lng ngh nh ng
Gi m 85% ti nilon s d ng t i cc siu th % ng CTRCN khng nguy h i v nguy h mb ng.
90% CTR pht sinh t i cc khu c thu gom v x mb , nh ng m ph i th c hi n: ng a v gi m y m nh t
, pht sinh ch t th i r n;
nhi m v 1. 2. T 3. 4. T 6. Ph c h T ,
y phn lo i ch t th i r n t i ngu n; thu gom v v n chuy n ch t th i r n; ng ti s d ng, ti ch ch t th i r n; ng xung quanh x l ch t th i r n. :
5. X l ch t th i r n; ra nh ng gi i php th c hi n chnh n php lu
1. Hon thi n h th r n.
chnh sch v qu n l ch t th i vi c th c hi n n i dung quy ho ch qu n l v cc khu dn xy d ng khu x l ch t th i r n
2. L p v th c hi n quy ho ch c ac c, ch t th i r n trong quy ho ch thn, h c hi n t ng, x. 3. Thi t l 4. Xy d ng ngu n l c th c hi n chi
d li u v h thng quan tr c d li u v ch t th i r n ton quc. c hi u qu . qu n l ph c v
5. T y nghin c u khoa h t ng h p ch t th i r n. 6. Nng cao nh n th c. 7. T ng h p tc quc t .
Cu
m b o th c hi n th ng l i cc m c tiu, chi c hi c tm t :

ra 10
TT 01
02
03
- Xy d ng v tri n khai th c hi n cc gi i 2020 a, gi m thi u, ti s d ng B TN&MT , v ti ch ch t th i r n. - Pht tri n ngnh cng nghi p ti ch . y , 2015 phn lo i ch t th i r n t i B TN&MT ngu n - Nhn r ng m hnh phn lo i ch t th i r n t i ngu n TR 2020 d ng cc cng trnh x l T B Xy ch t th i r n c p vng d ng , l ch t 2020 th i r n sinh ho t B Xy khu n 2009 d ng - 2020 c h i -T 2020 x B TN&MT l, chn l p ch t th i r n TTg. - Ph c h i, nng c p cc bi chn l p ch t th i r n trn ton qu t tiu chun mi ng. ng T ng qu n l t ng h p ch t th i r n 2020 qu n l ch t th i r n nng khu v c nng thn v lng ngh . B thn, lng ngh NNPTNT ng h Xy d ng b h th s d li u 2020 th d li u v v h thng quan tr c ch t th i r n trong B TN&MT quan tr c ch t th i r n ton quc nhm nng cao hi u qu qu n l ch t th i r n t c nc a c Nng cao nh n th c v phn lo i, gi m nng cao nh n th c c ng thi u, ti s d ng, ti ch ch t th i r n, gi ng gn v sinh,... d c nng cao cho mi ng thng qua cc ho ng tuyn truy n, gio d c.
ng h Hon thi n h thng tiu chu , nh, thng chnh sch, php lu t ng dn k thu , chnh sch, th v th ch v qu n l t ng ch , qu n l t ng h p ch t th i r n. h p ch t th i r n
04
05
06
07
08
2015 B TT&TT
09
2015 B Xy d ng
10
th i r n y t 2009-2025
l ch t mb , n r n pht sinh t yt m b o theo tiu chu 7
% t th i c thu gom, x ng
2025 B Yt
01/2001/
-BKHCNMT-BXD
, B Khoa hc, Cng ngh ng v B Xy d T n b s 01/2001/TTLT-BKHCNMTng dn cc nh v b o v i v i vi c l a ch m, xy d ng v v n hnh bi chn l p ch t th i r n. T u v l a ch m bi chn l m bi chn l p (BCL) ph cx theo quy ho ch xy d c c thm quy n ph duy t. Bn c , nh kho ng cch ti thi u t BCL theo quy m c a BCL n cc cng trnh khc khu v , , , c ng m, V d , kho ng cch ti thi u t m t bi chn l p t quy m nh n v nm tc m ng bng v trung du (l c bng 5 h ) nh l 1.000 m cu ng gi ch o, hoc 300 , n ny ng dn quy trnh l a chn m hnh v quy m di n tch m t bi chn l p. T bao g m cn v , ph cc l p ch t th i b t hoc cc v t li , L, L, d ng bi chn l p. , ng dn t ch c th c hi n, nh trch nhi m c a cc B Khoa hc, Cng ngh ng, B Xy d ng v ban nhn dn cc t nh, thnh ph tr c thu T c l a ch m v v n hnh cc bi chn l p ch t th i. 13/2007/ -BXD T 13/2007/TT-BXD -CP ngy 9/4/2007 c a Chnh ph :
, Xy d ng dn m t s u c a Ngh v qu n l ch t th i r V n ny bao g 1. Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n
Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r c nu t i kho , u 7 c a Ngh nh s c hi ch chuyn ngnh xy d ng, bao g : u tra, kh o st, d bo chi ti t ngu n v t ng pht th i cc lo i ch t th i r ng v nguy h i; nh v tr v quy m cc tr m trung chuy n, ph m vi thu gom, v n chuy ; nh v , x l ch t th i r xu t cng ngh x l thch h p; xy d ng k ho ch v ngu n l c nhm thu gom v x l tri ch t th i r y ho ch qu n l ch t th i r cl , n l p quy ho ch xy d T , t k cc yu c u v n i dung v cc b n v ph i c trong quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n. 2. Quy ho ch xy d ng cc cng trnh x l ch t th i r n T ch xy d ng cc cng trnh x l ch t th i r n theo quy nh t u 8 v 9 c a Ngh -CP. T nh n m nh nh ng yu c i v i quy ho ch t ng mt bng xy d x l ch t th i r n, bao g m v tr v quy m, di n tch xy d , nh m c s d c, i v i cc khu v c c kh m ho ,v
8
tr c m quan tr s d ng mt b
ng, d ki c h i c nh quan v ti x l ch t th i r n sau khi ch m d t ho , x l ch t th i r n sau khi ch m d t ho t
3. Ph c h i v ti s d ng di ng
T u vi c dung tch l n nh t theo thi t k k thu t v cc bi chn l p khng h p v sinh. T xu t cc gi i php ti s d , i tr, sn th thao, bi xe, 4. D ton v qu n l d ton chi ph d ch v cng ch x l ch t th i T , ton chi ph ph , cc chi ph thu gom, v n chuy n v x l ch t th i r m b o thu h i vn v pht tri n c a ch x l ch t th i r n khch th c hi n x h i ha d ch v cng ch x l ch t th i r n. V u Ch t ch y ban nhn dn c p t nh ph duy t d ton ny. 5. T ch c th c hi n T T u cc B , ngnh v y ban nhn dn cc t nh, thnh ph tr c thu c ch c l p, th nh v ph duy t quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n nh t u 10 c a Ngh , n ny u y ban nhn dn c p t nh, thnh ph tr c thu T u trch nhi m th nh v ph duy t quy ho ch xy d ng cc cng trnh x l ch t th i r n thu c vng t nh v vng lin t nh n a bn. Cu , ny yu c u y ban nhn dn t nh ch u trch nhi p ch t th i r n khng h p v sinh nu t i Quy nh s -TTg ngy 22/4/2003 c a Th ng Chnh ph . T 01/2011/ -BXD
01/2011/TTc B Xy d ng d ng chi n quy ho ch xy d ng v quy ho ng c n ny khng ch n quy ho ch xy d ng vng, quy ho ch chung, quy ho ch phn khu v quy ho ch chi ti t, m cn c quy ho ch xy d ch chuyn ngnh h t ng k thu t, i chung l quy ho ch xy d ng. T , , ph , ), . n ny yu c m t n i dung c n quy ho ch xy d , c th c hi ng th i trong qu trnh l n quy ho ch xy d ng. Bn c nh nh ng yu c i v i m , p trung vo cc v mi khoa hc c c s d ng , u n i dung c c mu thun, trng lp v i cc n c nu trong thuy n quy ho ch xy d ng c p cao. Thm vo
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, c th n quy ho ch xy d ng. N
c ti
ng th i v i vi c th
u 16 c ng n
ch chuyn ngnh h t ng k thu c th hi n chi ti t i v ch x l ch t th i r , n ny : x l
, ng tch c c v tiu c ng c n v tuy n thu gom, v tr, quy m tr m trung chuy n, khu lin h , ch t th i r n, cng ngh x l; ng v nguy h i; c tnh c t; nhi c c ng m; t t i khu v c xy d ng bi chn l p v kh khu v c xy d c m , x l ch t th i r n v kh
- Thnh ph n ch t th i r -
m h th ch t th i r n;
ng dng ch y v kho ng cch t x l;
x l
- Kh th i v mi hi t -
ng x h i tiu c c t i c hoc dc tuy n v n chuy n rc. , u 21 c nh v ph duy t quy ho ch xy d
x l
T th
nh trch nhi m c a t ch c, c nhn l p, :
1. T ch c, c nhn l p, th t ch c th c hi T
nh v ph duy t quy ho ch xy d ng c trch nhi m n quy ho ch xy d ng dn t i
2. S n quy ho ch xy d c ph duy t v cng b, t ch c l p quy ho ch xy d ng ch u trch nhi c tm t cng b n t c a chnh quy , ng th i g i 01 b f ng pdf hoc file word) v B Xy d a ch bxd-vp@hn.vnn.vn. Cu , u 23 c n ny kh nh r T u l c thi hnh k t ngy 15/3/2011 v thay th T 10/2000/TT-BXD ngy 08/08/2000 c a B Xy d ng dn l ng i v n quy ho ch xy d ng. V v y c th k vng rng cc (QHQLCTR) c l p cho cc huy , , An T S D n Cp nc v V sinh tnh Bnh nh do BTC ti tr s khng ph T 01/2011/TT-BXD, bi v ton b cb 1.3.2 Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i rn ca Tnh
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T , (UBND) t nh ban hnh Quy nh s 637 ph duy t Quy hoch tng th cht thi rn (QHTTCTR) cho khu vc th v khu cng nghip Bnh nh n nm 2020 Ch rng v quy ho ch c a T cl c ph c khi c chi c quc gia, nn quy ho khng th chi c quc gia lm n n t ng php l. Quy ho ch ny ch d n l ch t th i r n hi n nay c c tin ti n trn th gi u ch nh cho ph h p v u ki n c a Vi ch nh n m nh t m quan trng c a vi c gi m thi ng ch t th i r p gi m thi u c Quy ho i cc cng trnh x l t ng huy n, thnh ph v th tr n, nh ng ng c a mi nh my x l ch t th i r n kho ng 20 , % CTRSH t cc khu v khng k i c thu gom v x l.
V n, quy ho i phn lo i t i ngu n ch t th i r n sinh ho t nh ng khu v . vi c s d ng ph n ch t th i h s n xu t phn bn v chn l p ph n rc cn l i nh ng bi chn l p h p v sinh. Quy ho ch t ng th : + 100% ch t th i r n sinh ho t khu v khc s c thu gom v x l. % t th i r n sinh ho t cc c thu gom v x l ra cc m c tiu :
+ 100% ch t th i r n pht sinh t cc khu cng nghi p s b p. : + 100% ch t th i r n sinh ho t khu v khc s c thu gom v x l. %
t th i r n sinh ho t cc s c phn lo i t i
+ 100% ch t th i r n sinh ho t pht sinh t cc khu v ngu n.
Quy ho ch t ng th bao g m d bo kh ng ch t th i r n pht sinh trong ton t nh T , xu t m hnh qu n l ch t th i r n cc khu v , cc bi chn l p h p v sinh m cn c compost v cc ho ng ti ch i v i cc khu v c nng thn c a t nh, m hnh ch vi c s d ng cc bi chn l tiu h y ch t th i. Cui cng, quy ho xu t 10 khu lin h p x l ch t th i r n cho ton t nh nh, mi khu lin h p ny ngoi cc thnh ph u bao g m m t bi chn l p.
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1.3.3 M c tiu qu n l ch t th i rn ca Huy n , tun th theo cc chnh sch c a t nh v quc gia, vi c qu n l ch t th i r n ph i tun theo cc th t : - Gi ng ch t th gi m b c phn lo i ti s d ng hay ti ch ng tiu c c ; c th ng;
- Ti ch ch t th i, nh thnh cc s n phm m i; ch t th i khng
- Tiu h y rc th i khng ti s d ng, ti ch hay thu h , ph n cn l i c a ch t th i m t c thu h i, m khng lm h i n s c kh i v khng s d gy h ng. . L ng h p khng th trnh ng ch t th i .S , ti ch , thu h ng v tiu h y cui cng t i bi chn l p. i thu h ng, gi i php thng d ng nh t ch t th t n; m t kh o ra kh sinh hc t ph n h phn h y sinh hc. Th t ng nh t l trnh , pv i pht sinh ch t th i; trong , ch t th i r n l l a ch c ng h nh t, tuy nhin, bng cch chuy n ch t th i t cc khu v bi chn l p, nhi u v v s c khe ng c gi i quy t. c cc m c tiu chnh sch c a t nh v qu nu trn, h thng qu n l ch t th i r n huy n ph c c i thi n. T l ch t th c thu gom hi n t i ph a nhi rc b a bi. Th tch ch t th i ph c gi m thi u, v cng v i vi c tiu h y rc th i, r t nhi u v t li u h , ti ch v ti s d ng c khuy rc hi n t i trong Huy ng tiu c n ch t l , t, nhi u bi n php c n ph c th c hi gi m b t tc h ng do cc bi rc ny gy ra. a, c ch t th i y t nguy h i v ch t th i cng nghi c pht sinh trong Huy n, cc lo i ch t th c thu gom, x l v tiu h cch. Hi n nay, ph n l n ch t th i y t c x l h p ; ch c ch t th i pht sinh t cc nh vn c n ph c trong h thng hi n t i. V i ch t th i cng nghi p, hi n nay c quy ho ch qu n l . Cc m c tiu c a b n Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n M c tiu s 1: Gi m b ng tiu c c c a ch t th i sinh ho c kh ng :
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th i sinh ho t
gi :
ng tiu c
n s c kh
ng do ch t
- V , % t th i r n sinh ho t pht sinh ch , lm phn compost hay chn l p t i m t bi chn l p t p trung. - T tc i cc thn, x v th tr n d ch v thu gom ch t th uy n s
uy
c ti
c ti p c n cc
- Nhi u n l c s c th c hi gi m b t th tch ch t th i thng qua vi c lm phn compost (hay cch x ) i v i ch , nh ch t th i h cc khu v c nng thn. - T t c ch t th i s c chn l t i bi chn l p c a huy n t v ph 5. 4. - T t c bi rc hi n t i s
M c tiu s 2: m b o qu n l an ton v i ch t th i y t nguy h i v gi m thi u t t c cc d ng nhim t ch t th i cng nghi p qu n l an ton ch t th i y t nguy h i v gi m thi u nhim t ch t th i cng nghi p l: - V v n chuy , t c ch t th i t cc cng nghi p nh, v a v l n ph n (cc) bi chn l c chnh quy n huy n ph duy t. c
- Ch t th i nguy h i ph c tch ra khi ch t th i cng nghi p khng huy h i v x l bng cng trnh x l ch t th i nguy h i chuyn d ng. - V x l ph h p. 1.4 HIN NHN t c ch t th i y t nguy h i pht sinh H NG N H H I huy n ph N H N c N
NG H
1.4.1 Thnh phn ch t th i c v
Thnh ph n ch t th i r n sinh ho
c phn tch v k t qu c trnh by trong cc huy n v trong bo co c a Somers M t v lp bn dng cht thi c th x l sinh hc c 4 huyn: An Nhn, Hoi Nhn, Ph M v Ty Sn ti tnh Bnh nh. Cc k t qu c thnh ph n c a ch t th i ng ph v ch . Cc k t qu
D a trn ch t th i
phn tch g n 3 t n ch t th i r n sinh ho t t 4 huy n, thnh ph n :
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T T T
60,38 5,86 33,60 0,17 100,00
(%)
t qu phn tch ch t th i hoch tng th cht thi rn c a tnh Bnh nh, ch t th i h c Somers phn tch. Thnh ph n ch t th i :
T T T 76,5 6,9 16,6 0,0 100 (%)
ny r t ph h p vi Quy ch t th i r n c ch a 60,8%
ch chnh t i mi huy
t th i cd /
t cc ch c ch a t l ch t th i h i cho t
Thnh ph n ch t th
Thi r l m t b nh t n cng cc lo i th c v t thu c h m t p c i, c , m t c, c i bruxen, c c i, c c i Th , , i xanh, c i d u v su ho. B nh thi r gy ra s phnh to b ng c a r v i mt t, v r di t tr , c phng trnh b nh ny l r t c n thi t, v m t s bng pht b nh l r t tn km v i v b nh lan ra b c. M t nguyn ng gy ra b nh thi r l do vi c chn ru ng, v d n cn l i c a b p c i sau khi thu ho ch v cc ph n ny c th pht tri n n m gy thi r t khi th c v t phn h y. Thi quen chn ng ru ng ph bi n m t s huy n t nh1, quan trng l nng dn ph i nh n th m gy ra bi thi quen ny v h ph qu n l ru ng m t cch an ton.
ng Todd Hyman
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1.4.2 Dch v thu gom
, nhn lc v thi t b hi n hu
c thnh l p u UBND huy n phn chia d ch v ny cho bn cng ty. Hai trong s t b i nhanh chng v khu v c ph c v c a h (v c ti s n c a h) c chuy thu c H nh, v v y ngy nay, cng ty ny thu gom t c hai th tr n l , i Tn ch u trch nhi m thu gom rc su x (thng qua cng ty con l Cng ty C ph n D ch v v Pht tri T ) v ch u trch nhi m v n hnh bi rc. thu gom c cung c p h tr n chnh (Bnh ) m d ng chnh bao g , T , , L c, Nh T , T u. Kho ng 70% ch t th i r n pht sinh hai th tr n kho ng 20% ch t th i r n pht sinh cc x nu trn c thu gom. L hai cng ty ny 3 thu gom n kho ng 60-80 m /ngy, kho ng 35-50 t n/ngy. T hai th tr n, rc t cc h c thu gom hng ngy; trong khi t i cc , c thu gom hai ngy . Cng ty d ch v thu gom rc ph c v cho hai th tr n v hai x l cng ty thu c H p c g 3 xe p rc th c hi n thu gom rc mi ngy trong tu R c thu gom tr c ti p t ; c b trong cc ti n, trong ti nh a nh c mang ra xe khi xe t y tay c s d ng thu gom rc huy n. Cng ty c 6 nhn vin v 25 cng nhn. Ngoi d ch v qu n l n, ng , qu n l cng vin, b Cng ty thu gom u trch nhi m qut ng cng rnh v cung c p d ch v mai tng.
th c s h u b T T v i t ng c ng 90 nhn vin. Ho ng c a cng ty t p trung vo xy d h t ng, thi cng k thu t th y l , t i, bun bn s n phm nng nghi p v cung c p d ch v qu n l . D ch v thu gom rc khng sinh l i v ch y c nhn nh n b u hnh c a m c nh i kinh doanh khc thng qua UBND Huy n. Cng ty thu gom rc c T T c gi l Cng ty C ph n D ch v v Pht tri T . Cng ty ny c 3 xe p rc 7 m3 d Mi xe c m ig m ti x v ba cng nhn. bi rc c m t b o v lm vi m hai k ton v m i qu n l. Cng ty thu gom rc t 5 x .T hai th tr n Huy , c c hu gom tr c ti p. H thng thu gom y tay hay thi t b thu gom khc .
15
1.4.3
T , S 2 hecta cs d ng. T , T S m ny c t ng di , cs d xy d ng 4 . Hi , ng v m rc tr i r ng, v i chi u dy l p rc x p x 5 m mi ch a. N c qu n l ph h p, bi rc s c kh c v cho c i.
th y 2 xe i t
m pha sau b c hnh.
T S do Cng ty TNHH i Tn v n hnh. Cng ty nh ng/m3 rc chuy n bi rc. cng ty thu gom rc chi tr 19.000 ng/m3 rc v n chuy n v ng/m3 c tr c p ngn sch huy i Tn c 2 xe i bi rc. K ho ch hi n t d ng bi rc m i t ngy . ch y u do s b ng v i thn Trung i c , dn lng sng h ngu n bi rc phn nn r , cr rc thot ra t bi rc lm nhim con su sinh sng. Gi i php l tiu h T v vi c xy d ng bi chn l p2 ny hi tri n khai. m b o rng khng c phn nn t c theo con sui, con sui c chuy ng vng quanh khu v Vi
Bi chn l p m i
xy d ng.
Bi chn l p m i c l p lt HDPE c xy d ng trn m t ph n c a v tr 20 c d tr cho bi chn l p h p v a Huy n ( Thn , T , Huy ) c n hnh t 3 ngy 25 thng 6 1 . Theo quy ho ch, 9 c xy d ng,
2
T c gi l m x c r rc hay trang thi t b ph thu chn l p h p v sinh. 3 M m bi chn l p h p v ng h p c
v thi t k c bao g m l p lt HDPE. C l khng c nh my i m t bi xu t trong Huy n nm m xu t hi n t , t ng ng p. c;
16
s nh n ch t th i r n cng nghi p v 8 khc s nh n ch t th i r n sinh ho t. Trung bnh, di n dch c a mi l 10.000 m2 u tin hi n gi c Cng ty TNHH i Tn xy d T , ch, t rc b nh vi n s cl t trong khu v c bi chn l p ny. 1.4.4 Ph v thu h i chi ph
cH nh thu ph t nh ng i th i rc v m nh c a UBND T nh (Quy nh s -UBND). Cng ty kh nh rng n u c b t k v no v thu ph, cng ty tm ki m s t chnh quy Cng ty C ph n D ch v v Pht tri T c h ng v i su x ph c v , ng tr c ti p v i nh rc th i l , ng h c. Cc h ng v cd a trn ph h ng chnh tr ph thu gom cho x. X tr cho Cng ty C ph n D ch v v Pht tri T m t kho n ph c nh hng thng cung c p d ch v thu gom rc cho m t khu v c ch nh.
17
HNG 2 QUY HO CH QU N L CHT TH I N N

21 2.1.1 Trong Ngh H H N H H I N INH H NN
2025
2025
ch t th i rn sinh ho t nh S
-CP do Chnh ph Vi t Nam ban hnh vo ngy 9 nh chi ti t rng ch t th i r t th i d ng r n, b th i b t s n xu t, kinh doanh, d ch v , sinh ho t hng ngy hay cc ho ng khc. Ch t th i r n bao g m ch t th i r ng v ch t th i r n nguy h i. Ch t th i r n pht sinh t cc ho ng hng ngy c a c nhn, h h hay t c c gi chung l ch t th i r n hng ngy. Trong Quy ho ch Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n, chng ti s c n cht thi rn sinh hot cht thi rn hng ngy, t th i r n sinh ho c p n ch t th c thu gom bi chnh quy i di c quy n c a h hay cc nh th u. Ch t th i r n sinh ho rc th , b nh b p h , , , , i, cng nghi p hay cc ngu n khc, ngo i tr ch t th i r n pht sinh t cc quy trnh s n xu t cng nghi p, ho c khe v xy d , t th i r n sinh ho t l hn h p cc dng th i khc nhau v thnh ph n ngu n th i (nh , c a hng, c ,) c chnh quy cung c p d ch v thu gom4. u r quy v thnh ph n ch t th i 2.1.2 T s 2025 . pht sinh ch t th i sinh ho t th i r n sinh ho t th c thu gom bi chnh
c v kh s. Dn s c a huy , %5 m
ng ch t th i r n sinh ho t ph
n kho ng dn s ng tuy n tnh v cc th tr T cc gi n minh ha trong hnh 2.1.
c d a trn quy m dn c d ki n s gia c a huy Gi rng ng , ng dn s c Ph l c A v
ging v cs d cht thi rn th. Thu t ng t th i r n sinh ho c dng trong b n Quy ho trnh nh ng nh m ln m thu t ng t th i r gy ra. 5 Theo Somers: M t v lp bn dng cht thi c th x l sinh hc 04 huyn: An Nhn, Hoi Nhn, Ph M v Ty Sn ti Tnh Bnh nh
18

250000,0
200000,0
150000,0
100000,0
50000,0
Hnh 2.1 Dn s
huy
Trong T i Vi t Nam ni chung, cc d li y c sn v pht sinh ch t th i r t h n ch . D a trn Quy hoch tng th cht thi rn c a Tnh Bnh nh, t pht sinh ch t th i cl : Thnh ph lo i III & IV: , Th tr n lo i V: , V i cc x, i/ngy i/ngy
, i/ngy cs d , khi c ch p nh n n t i, t l thu gom cc th , m , c d a trn thng tin t huy , c n c . Tuy nhin, t l thu gom 6 xu t . Hi n t i, cc con s nh nt l % 2020, d a trn ngh quy t c a H i ngh Ton th ng b T nh l : 2020: 100% ch t th i r n sinh ho t t thnh ph , % t th i r n sinh 7 ho t t cc khu v khc s c thu gom v x . nh s tr thnh th x c p t t l pht sinh ch t th i . Cc b ng c trnh by trong Ph l c A. cc b , c tnh, hi n t i 15% ch t th i cc th tr % t th i r n sinh ho t pht sinh t cc x i nht rc v ti ch . Ba c ng, gi y, chai l, lon v kim lo c h phn lo i t i ngu T c tnh, ny s i, ng l % % a, nng cao nh n th c v khuy D n Cp
6 7
Cc t l
c Huy n xem xt cng v
ch.
Theo Quy hoch tng th cht thi rn c a Tnh Bnh nh, trang 6.
19
nc v v sinh s d i v i ch t th i h
lm phn compost v cc d ng x l khc , i cng d n 15% ch t th i h cc th tr n Bnh % cc x c x l t i ngu n. 2015, 70% ch t th i cn l i s c thu gom t i th tr T t c cc x khc s c t l % , l thu gom s 80% t i hai th tr n v 40% t i cc x. T l thu gom t i cc x s n % , l thu gom ch t th i s c trnh by trong cc b ng v minh ha trong hnh 2.2.
90,000 80,000
TR
%)
70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 -
Hnh 2.2
l thu gom ch t th i r n sinh ho t trong
, kho ng 109 t n ch t th i mi ngy, trong s 60,4% s c x l: 35,4 t n (32,6%) s c ti ch t i ngu n v 30,3 t n (27,9%) s c chn bi chn l , % ch t th i pht sinh Huy n s c x l bng ny hay khc. 2.1.3 K ho ch qu n l ch t th i t i ngu n 2011-2025
M tt l ch t th i r n sinh ho t pht sinh uy n hi c x l t i ngu n: ,c u t i ngu n v bn cc v t li y, ba c ng, kim lo i, nh i . T ng, t nh t t n 20% t ng dng th c tch ra t i cc h n i nht rc hay i thu , u t n v t li u c th ti ch c tch ra khi rc th i chung mi ngy v khng bao gi dng th i. Vi c ny khng ch thu h i l i v t li u, m cn c ngh a th i c c thu gom v x l . , cng c kh ti s d ng ph n h Ngy nay, th i t cc nh hng v cc b c dng th cho heo. T , nh i
20
i. i khc nui
ng s d ng th ph n h Ch
lm th i
. Nh ng kh trong cc ph n
d ng
Ch t th i r n t cc ch ch a t l h px %) , d ng rc ch lm phn compost ti ch l m t l a chn ti gip gi m b t ng rc c n chn l p v t o ra phn compost hay t . Trong ng h p ny, rc th i h cc qu y hng ch ph c thu gom ring, t i khu v c rc th i c a ch n khi chng c th compost. M t trong nhi u cng ngh kh d ng l Toptex8, c m t d : M hnh ny, , c s d ng trn ton th gi i. Cc nguyn li u compost c th khc nhau t rc th i h c phn lo i h , n rc th i ch t v c ph n r n c ng v c n cc nguyn li u h mb tnh x , ng ch u ch nh t /N. T m ph T c (v kh) thot ra khi compost v trnh cm p vo . Do t kh , t lm compost thn thi n v ng nh t. Quy trnh lm phn compost kh , c n m t s kinh nghi lm ra phn c ch ng tt. , rc th i h c nghi n nh, ch c ph bi t m ph T compost, c n ph i o tr n. c th bng tay hay bng my. Sau kho ng 45 ngy, p c sng v . H H x l rc th i h t o ra phn compost hay cc s n ph ) , c khuy n khch rc th c ph lm phn compost bn cho ti ch v y, ch c cc v t li u khng ti ch c n thu gom rc thu gom, gi c nhi u cc chi ph qu n l ch t th i cho huy n, th tr n v/hoc x. T t nhin l a chn ny ch kh thi n u cc h n sng , n u khng rc th i s l m t hn h p rc h i rc , i c nng cao nh n th c v gio d c gip hai cng ngh nn ph bi n9: Cc thng t l cc thng ch a bng b tng hay g ch. Th tch v kh ng c a ch t th i h m nh nhin (vi khun, n m, nh , ) c thi t k ph c v
8 9
M t v cng ngh Toptex d a trn b n th M t Somers.
n 3 c a Somers. a trn b n th n3c a
21
m th c thi t k nhin trong th i gian kho ng m ) ng trnh din m hnh th ng th c hi i k t qu sau:
n rc th i phn h y t , mai s vi sinh v t t i 4 huy n do d n
+ Thng c u trng pht tri n nhi u v nhanh th hi u qu x l c a thng cng cao t 80% - 90% (rc h i ra hng ngy >1,5kg v ph n l n l th th a, rau qu , ); + Thng c u trng ru ng th hi u qu x l c a thng ch t t 60% - 70% (rc h i ra hng ngy <1,5kg v ph n l n l th a, rau qu , ); + Thng c u trng ru n th hi u qu x l c a thng ch t ch t 40% - 50% (rc h i ra hng ngy <1,5kg v ph n l n l rc n); + Thng khng c u trng ru u qu x l c a thng ch t t 20% - 30% (ch y n, phn heo).
Thng
nhi t
Rc c th m rc ch bi n th c phm, th , d ng v m ng nh n. Thng ch a c a m ti p nh n 3 kg rc m t ngy. N p nh c m c b vo thng. Cc vi khun v n m nhi t c n o thng kh. Tuy nhin, cc l gi c thng kh hon ton nn c n c m t s l n khu y tr n nh nh, m t tu n. N c kh y trong thng s c mi hi. M t l n, thng c c lm s n duy nh t ,n pl nc c m ra. Ph n bn trong thng c th c thu gom, nghi n nh n compost bng cch dng Toptex m t cch th c hi n trong ph c. M hnh th c b i nht rc. Nh ng i ny thu gom rc th i h s d s n xu t nh ng ru RL ) quy m nh. Trong m hnh ny, nh c khuy n khch tch rc th i c th cho nh RL , s chuy n rc h . c th c th c hi n t i nh cng nhn thu gom hay t i m m i gom rc cng lm vi c. Nh ng c th bn lm th , ch, ra, c v heo. Nh ng nhi u ph c th ti ch v ki m thm thu nh p t vi c bn , nh i ny thu gom rc th i h v bn nh RL . Nh RL
22
i lo i rc th i m i thi r a, k c th t v cc s n phm t s a; chng c th tiu th t t c rc th c phm v m t ph n rc th c phm. 2.1.4 P P q qut thu gom ch t th i 2011 2025
ng s c p d ng t i cc khu v c trung tm c a th tr n cc khu v c nng thn c a cc x, khng c n thi t qut ng ng s c mi ngy ng chnh t i cc khu v c hnh chnh v trung tm c a th tr n, t i cng vin v tr m xe but. Cng nhn s qut dc theo v a h, m ng v l y tay, chuy n xe v n chuy n. P c khu ng chnh t i khu v c hnh u. Rc th i t cc thng n bi chn l p. Cc khu cng c , c trang b cc thng rc t i nh c thu gom v v n chuy P t Phng n thu gom rc
h gi nh d ng hnh th trn/th x
i v i thu gom rc th i t i cc th tr , ng g , th at ic h thn thn ch c c nh ngh i thu gom rc s b u v y tay , nh th nh t c a tuy n thu gom, v tr l i cho h g u c n thi ) pt y t i cc nh k ti p i gom rc s n , ch i gom rc c th s d ng xe y tay th ti p t c thu gom rc tuy n khc hoc h s ph i ch chuy n h t rc sang xe v n chuy n . ny ph thu c vo s y tay sn c thu gom rc v i cc h gia nh nm d c minh ha trong hnh 2.3. Trong khu v c ny, rc t cc h c thu gom mi ngy. Th i gian thu gom s c tha thu n gi a cc h i thu gom rc th i gian chuy n rc t y tay sang xe v n chuy n.
Nh 1 y tay T xe y tay X
Nh 2
Nh 3
Nh 4
..
Nh n
Nh
Tuy n thu gom k ti p
y tay y rc
Hnh 2.3
thu gom rc
h 23
th tr n.
Phng n thu gom rc c
h gi nh nm d ng hm th trn/th x y tay c th d ngh .V i , dn ph i mang rc ng chnh.
V i cc h m d ng hm lt , , c thu gom gi trong hnh ng hm r t h ng hm khng lt ra khi h n thng rc trn cc Ph thu gom rc v x
T i cc khu v c , ng h p th tr n/th
at ic ngh .
Mi x ph m trung chuy n thch h cc h t p trung rc t m n , ch n , nc , i thu gom c th l y rc t m trung chuy n trong x. Vi c ny gip ti t ki m th i gian di chuy n gi a cc h cv ng nh c thu gom rc cho cc khu v c nng thn c c trnh by trong hnh 2.4. thu gom rc hai ngy ch a ng rc pht sinh trong hai ngy.
m trung chuy n 1 c a thn y tay Tuy n thu gom k ti p m trung chuy n 2 c a thn .. m trung chuy n n c a thn
m trung chuy n x/cc x
y tay y rc
Hnh 2.4
thu gom rc cho cc khu v c nng thn c a x.
V i t d P t
t l p, cc h ng (chnh).
i mang rc
Mi ch c m t khu ch a rc . Ch cc s p/c a hng ph i ch u trch nhi m n khu . Cc h phn h y sinh hc c a rc ch s c lm phn compost bng cch s d ng cng ngh Toptex c x l trong cc thng sinh h , cc h ny s c a rc ch . Rc h c v n chuy n compost hay cho vo cc thng sinh hc khng phn h y sinh hc s c v n chuy n thng t ch n bi chn l p.
24
thu gom ch t th i rn sinh ho t t b nh vi n c ch t th i ly ring v s c thu
Ch t th i r n sinh ho t t cc b nh vi nhim , gom mi ngy. 2.1.5 P
rung chuyn v vn chuyn
Trung chuyn rc th i Do kho ng cch kh xa t n bi chn l p, vi c s d v n chuy n l gi i php h p l duy nh t. Cu hi duy nh t l li u c c n thi t ph i xy d ng cc tr m trung chuy n cho cc x hay s d m cho vi c trung chuy n xe ? mm , m y u, i c a vi c s d ng tr m trung chuy n v m c phn tch v tm t t trong b ng 2.1 v b ng 2.2. D a trn phn tch ny, ngh .
B ng 2.1 Phn tch i m m nh, i m y u, c tr m trung chuy n m m nh ho T c th gy ra m t v sinh. i v (SWOT) khi l a chn
i t p k t ch t th i r n sinh c ph duy t m t tr m trung c c a ton th tr n hay x. chuy n theo Quy hoch tng th cht thi rn Tnh Bnh nh10. m phn tn s , v
B ng 2.1 Phn tch i m m nh, i m y u, c chn tr m trung chuy n ) m y u C nm t u ny sn nh
i v
SWOT) khi l a
Chi ph v n hnh c lm s ch v n rc trong b ng tr m trung chuy n. UBND th tr n v x ph i tm ngn sch cho vi c ny. V n hnh tr m trung chuy V n hnh tr m trung chuy cch s gy ra nhi u v , cch s gy ra cc v t c r rc, thu ht ru i, chu t, ... v t t c c t p trung t i m m. N u ch c m t tr m trung chuy n mi th tr , i gom rc m t l n n a ph i n tr m trung chuy n
10
Quy ho ch t ng th qu n l ch t th
th v khu cng nghi
a bn t
25
B ng 2.2 Phn tch i m m nh, i m y u, c chn m m m nh
i v
SWOT) khi l a
c p d ng Huy n m trung chuy n rc c n hnh r t t c i p d ng thnh cng nhi Vi t thi n l cc xe t i m i c m t b ph n nng Nam. th y l rc t y tay . Thi t l m m i d ng chnh c thu gom rc t n bi chn l p s d : ) c tr y tay; (2) khng yu c c bi t v v n hnh v b ng; (3) chu rc th i t y tay vo xe v n chuy i s tn t th n t nhn l m y u C n c th thch nghi v i h thng m i gom rc v li xe v n chuy n u c n ph n . Yu c hnh th p n v chi ph v n
Kh v n xe rc ph i ch y tay c a h.
tr,
h thng :N u i gom rc t
Vn chuyn 8t (bao g m m n bi chn l p h p v v nhi u l do: rc11 t m v b nh vi n) v v n chuy n ng
pht sinh l c
- Xe p rc c b ph n nng th y l c, nn rc c th c chuy n t cc thng ch a y tay vo xe bng . Khi s d ng xe t i sn phng, vi c chuy n rc ph c m t th i gian; - Th i gian ko di khi s d ng xe t ng s i gian c n thi hon thnh 1 chuy n thu gom v v n chuy n bi chn l p. K t qu l m t xe t i th c hi n t chuy t ngy v c n ph u xe t ; - M t xe t i sn phng ph h m v i nh c minh ha trong hnh 2.5. c ch t rc bng tay, c n nhi u nhn l u ki n lm vi c khng v sinh. v n chuy n ch t th i r n sinh ho t trong huy c
11
C th
a Huy n
26
Ch m Xe p rc Xe p rc
1)
B nh vi n m 2)
m 3 c a x
..
m c a x
y Tuy n thu gom k ti p Bi chn l p v District sanitary sinh landfill n c a huy
Hnh 2.5
v n chuy n ch t th i r n sinh ho t
huy n.
2.1.6 Nhng yu cu
th ng tiu hy
Chn l c ch p nh n l m t gi i php h p php tiu h y cui cng ch t th i r n Vi t Nam. nh trong Thn t lin tch s 01/2001/TTLTBKHCNMT-BXD c a B Khoa hc, Cng ngh ng v B Xy d ng ngy T ng d nh v b o v mi ng trong l a ch m, xy d ng v v n hnh bi chn l p ch t th i r cng v i Tiu chun Vit Nam TCXD VN 261:2001 Bi chn lp cht thi rn Tiu chun thit k c ban hnh Quy nh s -BXD c a B Xy d Mc d trong th c a m t h thng qu n l t ng h p ch t th i r n, bi chn l p l l a chn cui cng ng tiu c ng, vn l m t thnh ph n khng th thi c trong th c tin qu n l t i Vi t Nam rc l n An trong T i l m ng h p ngo i l , ng u h t cc khu v c khc trong c c. Kh c ng ch t th i
ng
bi chn
2011 - 2025 :
t i bi chn l p)
bi chn l p (BCL) * Rti ch Wt

ng
WBCL = (Wt T
Wt
ng
* Rlm phn) * Rthu gom * (1,00 Rti ch
: WBCL: kh c v n chuy n bi chn l p Wt ng: t ng kh ng rc pht sinh Rti ch : t l ti ch R lm phn: t l c x l/lm phn t i ngu n Rthu gom: t l thu gom, tnh bng ph Rti ch t i bi chn l p: t l c ti ch t i bi chn l p
27
Cc gi th i c kh
B ng 2.3 T
trong c chn l p m ng ch t th i
ng ch t th i
CTR
2.1.2 c s d ng khi tnh ton kh a trn cc gi ny, bi chn l

n bi chn l p 2012 2025
CTR thu gom v x l B (tn/nm) 33.164 33.550 33.939 30.455 28.848 26.757 27.067 27.381 26.238 26.542 25.185 25.477 25.773 26.072 26.374 26.681 (%) 20 20 32 36 41 41 41 41 42 45 52 52 52 56 56 59
ng ch t ng 2.3.
CTR pht sinh (tn/nm) 37.450 37.885 38.325 38.769 39.219 39.674 40.134 40.599 41.071 41.547 42.029 42.516 43.009 43.508 44.013 44.524
CTR thu gom v x B (tn/nm) 6.638 6.715 10.764 11.096 11.825 11.054 11.183 11.312 11.005 12.064 13.213 13.366 13.521 14.576 14.745 15.834
(kg/ngy) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 102.604 103.795 104.999 106.217 107.449 108.695 109.956 111.231 112.522 113.827 115.147 116.483 117.834 119.201 120.584 121.983
(%) 11 11 11 21 26 33 33 33 36 36 40 40 40 40 40 40
(kg/ngy) 11.742 11.878 12.016 22.777 28.413 35.390 35.800 36.215 40.637 41.109 46.147 46.682 47.223 47.771 48.325 48.886
(tn/nm) 4.286 4.335 4.386 8.314 10.371 12.917 13.067 13.218 14.833 15.005 16.844 17.039 17.236 17.436 17.639 17.843
(kg/ngy) 90.862 91.917 92.983 83.440 79.036 73.305 74.156 75.016 71.885 72.718 69.000 69.801 70.611 71.430 72.259 73.097
(kg/ngy) 18.186 18.397 29.490 30.401 32.398 30.286 30.637 30.992 30.151 33.051 36.200 36.620 37.045 39.933 40.396 43.381
2.1.7 Bi chn l p h p v sinh ca huy n Xy d ng m t bi chn l p h p v c cho huy n l tun theo Quy hoch tng th cht thi rn c a Tnh. Bi chn l p h p v sinh s n quc gia hi n hnh, t c l l th c, h th c mt, h thng thu gom v x c r rc, h thng thu h i v x l kh bi chn l , m nn rc v ph ng xuyn, quan tr ng , c y ban Nhn dn Huy n ng h . T theo l i ch kinh t , bi chn l c xy d ng v s d ng chung v i (cc) huy n khc hay (cc) ph n c a (cc) huy n khc, tt nh t l v T S c Ph ,T c v Vn Canh) .T , th c rng khng ch chi ph xy d ng v v c (nh nguyn t c l i th quy m), m cn c th ti t ki m nhi m t cc ng ng v ch m t bi chn l p ph c v cho m t khu v c l a, k ch b n ny c th khi n cc l a chn nh nh kh , v d vi c thu h i v ti s d ng kh bi chn l ng ch c th th c
28
hi n khi kh ng rc l n. Thu h i kh bi chn l p c th lm gi m b t pht th i kh nh knh v thu nh p thng qua c pht tri n s ch (CDM)12. Trong th c t , Huy m rng s s d ng chung m t bi chn l p h p v sinh v i huy n khc, v kho ng cch v n chuy n v cc kh qu n l do gi i php ny gy ra. Huy ng sn sng s d ng chung m t bi chn l p h p v sinh v i huy n khc, n u UBND T nh ny. Kh cho th y nh ng chi ph th khi l a chn . 2.2 2.2.1 H H N H H I NG NGHIP N N 2025
ch t th i cng nghi p/nguy h i
Ch t th i r n cng nghi p nh S -CP do Chnh ph Vi t Nam ban hnh l ch t th i r n pht th i t ho ng s n xu t cng nghi p, lng ngh , kinh doanh hoc cc ho ng d ch v hay cc ho ng khc c gi chung l ch t th i r n cng nghi a, ch t th i r n nguy h c m t l ch t th i r n ch a cc ch t hay h p ch t c m t trong nh c tnh phng x , d chy, d n , d , ly nhim, gy ng c ho c tnh nguy h i khc. Ch t th i cng nghi p i di n cho ch t th c pht sinh t cc ho ng trong cc s n xu t s d ng nguyn li t o ra cc s n phm c th bn c. M t t l nh ch t th i cng nghi p s tr t th i nguy h , lo i c Ch t th i cng nghi p c pht sinh t cc t o ra cc s n ph n hnh : s n xu t s d ng nguyn li u th c a h. Cc lo i
Ch bi n th c phm; S n xu ung; S n phm t g; S n xu t ha ch t v s n phm ha hc; S n xu t s n phm khong phi kim lo i; Kim lo n; S n xu t my mc, d ng c , thi t b v ngu n cung ch S n xu nv n ; D t may v s n xu t qu n o.
n;
Mi lo i cng nghi p ny s pht sinh ra ch t th i cng nghi , c tnh ch t th i s ph thu c vo quy trnh s n xu t cng nghi p. Ch t th i ng ph c t ng t ch t th , n t v kim lo ) n ch t th i h a v th c phm).
12
L a chn CDM thng qua kh bi chn l p ch l m t l a chn n u rc h ph n khc, cc ho m b t pht th
trong bi chn l c p c ghi nh n l CDM.
29
Ch t th i cng nghi p l ch t th i pht sinh bi ho ng s n xu t cng nghi p, c th l cc lo ch t th i , n t v kim lo i, cn lc, nh a, nguyn li u th th t thot, cc ph phm, rc qut sn, v n v i, v t li ,...; min l cc lo i ny khng n a B TNMT v ch t th i nguy h i. Ngoi cc ch t th i cng nghi p, cc k ch t th ng. Ch t th nghi p v bao g m v t li , th i ny (v d v t li ) cx t th i r n sinh ho t. pht th i m ng ph bi n t t c cc ngnh cng t s cc ch t ti ch v ph n cn l ng
Thu t ng Ch t th i nguy h i ng cho ch t th i nguy h c h i. Nh ng ch t th ch t th i ch a cc thnh ph c h i, phng x , d chy, d n , d , ly nhim, gy ng c ho c tnh nguy h i khc13. Quy chun thut Quc gia v n ng cht thi nguy hi c a Vi t Nam (QCVN 07:2009/BTNMT) tiu chun ng ch t th i nguy h cs d nh cc ch t th i nguy h i khng. Cc quy chun k thu t ny m t ph c s d ng trong phng th nghi nh ch t th i c ph i l ch t th i nguy h i hay khng. Ch t th i nguy h i t cc ho ng cng nghi p s bao g m dung mi, d u, PCBs, cc axt v cc dung d ch m . Ch t th i y t nguy m t lo i ch t th i nguy h i (v c th gy ly nhim); cc lo i ch t th c bn lu n m c 2.3. 2.2.2 Hi n t v quy ho ch ng huy :
c m cng nghi
- C m cng nghi p (CCN) T ng v CCN o thnh m t CCN l n CN T ng 24 ha, g m m t s s n xu , ti ch nhm, ch bi n b t nhang, ch bi n nh a v s n xu t m t s v t li u xy d ng. Theo chnh quy t nhi c ch n c m t s v n ng trong c m cng nghi p ny mc d quy m i khim tn. CCN di n tch 11 ha. g ng, ch bi n g v cc qu trnh cn dt kim lo i; - CCN - CCN T L T u 2,7 ha v i ho n xu ng chnh l ch bi n g; c m m; n xu n i th t, c m ny s c m r ng
m cng nghi n 5,4 ha;
- CCN xu - CCN
13
nh 18 ha nm g n th tr cc ngnh cng nghi p s ch. Trong CCN th cng tinh x o v l p rp thi t b nt ; 10 ha;
ul .
c quy ho ch ng may, cc nh s n
Lu t B o v m
30
m cng nghi p G S T a t nh
L c 26 ha; 272 ha;
7 ha;
- CCN - T - T - CCN
- Khu cng nghi T i H S ang xy d ng v s
154 ha; c xy d ng; 40 ha.
ch bi n g ch bi n hnh An m cng nghi p. Huy ng 25 lng ngh th cng. Cui cng, khu cng nghi c xy d c m t khu cng nghi p r ng kho ng 200 hecta v i cc ngnh ngh bi n nng lm s n, s n xu t hng tiu dng v m t s kho ch a hng. a, cn c m Ban Qu n l Khu cng nghi p th c hi n vi c ki . Hi n nay, 40% ng, g m rc t , , tnh chung ch t th i r n sinh ho t trong l ng t v chn rc trong khun vin T ng xuyn t t c
t th ng c 2.1.2. 60% cc cng ty cn c a h.
n nh n th y rng vi c tiu h y cc chai , ch a thuc tr su l m t v n nh. M t s huy t cc ng v id nh rng nng dn s b thuc tr su vo . Tuy nhin, h thng ny khng c hi u qu , v nng dn khng ny v ti p t c b chai thuc tr su trn t. M t s huy n quan tm vi c m t l n n a c g ng thu gom nh ng chai , ng thuc tr su . ngh c tiu h y cho bao thuc tr su. N u nh ng chai , c thu gom by gi , huy n s ph i chng ch t th i nguy h i, v khng c h thng tiu h y cho ch t th i nguy h i trong vng. Sau ny, khi cng trnh x l ch t th i nguy h i c xy d ng trong vng, s ph c v n chuy n x l 14 v Huy n s ph i chi ph l n . thuc tr su, Chnh ph Vi t Nam c n ph i th c hi n m t i h p v i nh ng nh s n xu t thuc tr su, nh nh p khu v nh phn ph m b o r c cung c p thuc tr su m i, nh cung c p s t ng thu h i thuc tr su . C th t cc , m b o t t c cc c tr l i . Nh phn phi thuc tr t ch c v th c hi n m nng cao nh n th , t t c nng dn bi t cch c t v tr l i thuc tr su c a h15. T nh phn phi v n chuy n thuc tr su bn cho nng dn, r t d dng cho h m b o rng
14 15
i v i
Chi ph x l s s c a h.
V i v x l b t c thuc tr su qu h n no m nng dn c t tr
31
cc nh my c a h. Cc b t th i nguy h i. 2.2.3 Cc kh
c v n chuy n tr v trung tm phn phi hay c ti s d a v gi m thiu ch t th i
Thnh ph n ch t th n hnh t cc ngnh cng nghi p bao g m v n kim lo i, nh a, gi y v cacton v v n th c phm. Cc ch t th i ny c th ti ch . ng l n nguyn li u th b trong qu trnh s n xu ; y m t s c t l cc s n phm khng thu t. C nguyn li u th b v t b s n ph t ng b b i , t gi i php khng tn km. Thng ng, ti s d ng nh ng ny trong s n xu t kinh t v gi m b t cho cng ty cc chi ph v nguyn li u th trn m s n phm. Vi c t n d ng t , c, c n ph c khuy n khch. , m t ph n ch t th i cng nghi p nguy h c ti ch d u v d u nh t th i hi c bn cho ti ch v dng lm nhin li , ng l cc l nung g ch. Trong ,m l ch t th i nguy h i chuyn d ng trong vng, cch lm ny ph c ch m d t, cc lo i d u v nh t th i nguy h i ny ph c x l t i m t cng trnh chuyn d ng. 2.2.4 Kh ng ch t th i cng nghi p hi n t i v trong
Hi n t i dng ch t th c ki , nn khng sn c d li u v s ngu n th , m c a ch t th , c tiu h y. Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a T nh cho r vi c thu gom cng nghi p trong khu v c huy n hi n t c qu t k s li u c th no v t ng pht sinh trong huy t khc, quy ho ch ny d ng 50 t n s pht sinh m n mi 16 T ng dng th , % c ti ch hay ti s d ng, 29% l ch t th , % i l ch t th h R % y u ph i l ch t th i cng nghi p. khng c s li u hi n t iv ch t th i pht sinh, cc d khng ch c ch n. uan trng l Huy n ph i n m ng v lo i ch t th c pht sinh cc c m cng nghi p tr huy n. . th i cng nghi p . nghi ,
16
kh o st c n ph u tra t t c cc ngu n ch t xu t nh ng gi i php tt nh t c th kh o st c n t t c cc khu v c m cng ng ngu n pht sinh ch t th i cng nghi p l n khc. Kh ng
Quy hoch tng th cht thi n c a Tnh
hi n kh o st
Cc s li .
32
ch t th i c th nh qua thng tin t cc ngu n pht th i, qua cc c tnh d a trn s ng nhn cng v/hoc kh ng s n ph c s n xu t. S n s ph nh cch tt nh x l ch t th i: m t s ch t th i s ging v i ch t th i r n sinh ho , c m ng l n ch t th i cng nghi p c th c bi chn l p h p v sinh (hay ti s d ng) 17. S c m t t l nh ch t th i nguy h i tm gi i php cho chng hi n nay khng c trung tm x l ch t th i nguy h i trong vng. Nghin c u c th c hi n bi m t cc chuyn gia trong v , kho ng 60.000 Euro v m c chi ph ny s kh o st cho bn huy n nh. 2.2.5 H th ng qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p Nguyn t ph phng,... qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p l cc ch t th i t c phn lo M t s ng t nh b , . Cc lo ng s c thu gom. M t s ch t th i t qu trnh s n xu t, c th l nguyn li u th b nhim bn, t quy trnh s n xu t v/hoc s n ph t tiu chun .M tt l g k cc i u ny c th c ti s d c bi t n u tr tiu h y chng). T , m t s ch t th i c th ) c ti s d ng, v d th i cng nghi p ch bi n g c ti s d t ngu ng. M t cch t ph i l ch t th ch t th , c cc ngnh cng nghi p c ng. m t s ch t th i khng m b o rng v n chuy n c th ng cc c v n chuy n bi chn ch t th i khng b nhim c xem l ch t th i nguy cng tc qu n l n
. Nhi u ch t th i tiu chun ch p nh n c a bi chn l l p. T rng ch t th i nguy h i ( c khi h ) , ph i .
Cui cng, m t s ch t th i l ch t th i nguy h i v x c bi t. dung mi th i, d u th i v dung d ch m d ng. T , cc ph i tun theo cc yu c u c a Lut Bo v mi t n nm 2005 v vi c qu n l, t n tr , v n chuy n v x l nh ng ny. N u cng tc qu n l n i vi t , ng ch t th i nguy h i s r t nh. Cc ch t th i ny ph c v n chuy n x l ch t th i nguy h x l v tiu h y cui cng (tr c x l (hoc ti n x l) t i ch, ng th ng h p ch t th i lng).
17
V i m t s ch t th i cng nghi c s c trong bi chn l p h p v sinh, yu c u ch t th i ny c ch t th i nguy h i trong qu trnh s n xu t ring. M ng gp v i ch t th i cng nghi ng l n ch t th c ti s d ng hay bi chn l p h p v sinh, b nhim bn m t nh ch t th i nguy h i, lm cho t t c ch t th i tr thnh ch t th i nguy h i v c c x l r t tn km.
33
qu n l cng nhn trong cc c 2.2.6 Yu cu
ch t th i , i qu n l v v ngnh cng nghi p c th qu n l t t pht sinh. c v nng cao nhn th c
D a trn nng cao nh n th c c Chi c c 18 (BVMT) h , ph n nng cao nh n th c cho doanh nghi p c n ph hi nt sau s trn quy m r Cc nhm m c tiu c a
c th c c
ny l ch i qu n l. bao g m ki n th c v ch t th i cng nghi p; cch phn bi t gi a cc lo i ch t th i cng nghi p khc nhau; cch phn lo i v tr ch t th i; v qu n l v x l i mi lo i ch t th i. c l a chn l t ch c m t nhm qu n l ch u trch nhi m v thnh ph n ny c p t nh, cc thnh vin Chi c c BVMT l cc thnh vin ch cht cng v i m t c a S . Cc thnh vin ch cht s h p tc v i cc thnh vin c a Phng Ti nguyn ng c a Huy n v Ban Qu n l khu cng nghi p c a huy th c hi n cc ho ng truy n thng trong huy n. Nhm qu n l ny s t ch c cc kha hu n cho huy n v i s tham gia c a nhm m c tiu. H t ch c h th k t qu c a cc ho ng truy n thng; cc ch c a h thng ny c th d a trn cc ch Chi c c BVMT , c l khng c n s d ng thi t b c bi c cc thng s ng, c th ch l quan st tr c quan. Ch chnh c a ho ng ny l ch doanh nghi p c t ch c cc ho ng trong doanh nghi ng dn cng nhn v cch qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p hay khng. c i thi n c th c gim st t ng thng m t thi quen c n vi c x l ch t th i cng nghi p. 2.3 2.3.1 H H N H H I NG H I
ch t th i y t nguy h i
C kh nhi ch t th i y t ni chung v ch t th i y t nguy h i ni ring. Tuy nhin, bo co ny s d a Vi , nh trong Quy nh s -BYT c a B Y t ban 2007, : - Cht thi y t (CTYT) l v t ch t th r n, l t bao g m ch t th i y t nguy h i v ch t th c th i ra t ng. y
18
34
- Cht thi y t nguy hi (CTYTNH) l ch t th i y t ch a y u t nguy h i cho s c kh ly nhim, gy ng c, phng x , d chy, d n , d n ho c tnh nguy h i khc n u nh ng ch t th i ny khng c tiu h an ton. - Qun l cht thi y t (QLCTYT) l ho ng qu n l vi c phn lo i, x l ban u, thu gom, v n chuy , , gi m thi u, ti s d ng, ti ch , x l, tiu h ch t th i y t v ki m tra, gim st vi c th c hi n. - Gim thiu cht thi y t l cc ho ng lm h n ch t pht th i ch t th i y t , bao g m: gi ng ch t th i y t t i ngu n, s d ng cc s n phm c th ti ch , ti s d ng, qu n l tt, ki m sot cht ch qu trnh th c hnh v phn lo i ch t th i chnh xc. - Ti s dng l vi c s d ng m t s n phm nhi u l hoc s d ng s n phm theo m t ch i, m n h t tu i th s n phm i.
- Ti ch l vi c ti s n xu t cc v t li u th i b thnh nh ng s n phm m i. - Thu gom cht thi ti ni ph t sinh l qu trnh phn lo i, t p h , gi t m th i ch t th i t m pht sinh ch t th yt . - Vn chuyn cht thi l qu trnh chuyn ch ch t th i t l , , tiu h . - X l b n u l qu trnh kh khun hoc ti t khun cc ch t th nhim cao t t th c khi v n chuy n t h . - X l v tiu h y cht thi l qu trnh cng ngh nhm lm m t kh h i c a ch t th i v i s c kh i v mi tr ng. T a Vi t Nam (Quy ch Qu n l ch t th i y t km theo Quy nh s - T B Y t ), ch t th i y t c phn thnh 5 nhm sau: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ch t th i ly nhim; Ch t th i h hc nguy h i; Ch t th i phng x ; Bnh ch a p su t; Ch t th ng. an hnh aB ng ,
hoc tiu
2.3.2 Hi n tr ng t b nh vi n huy n v , ng ph c v kho ng 225 b nh a b nh chnh duy nh t c a huy n. c phn lo ng dn c a B Y t : c cng ty thu gom rc thu gom v rc y t nguy h t t i ch t Bidiphar t t c a l l 20 kg/m v b nh vi n pht sinh t 8-10 kg rc y t nguy h i/ngy. M t ng v i b nh vi ng nh h i ly nhi c x t c a b nh vi T t Bidiphar v n hnh, rc y t nguy h i t b nh vi c chuy x l.
35
L tnh tr ng tt v hi n t t trung bnh 9 kg rc/ngy. Rc y t nguy h i t cc tr m y t , c thu gom, ng rc th i ny chi m kho ng 30% t ng kh ng rc th i y t nguy h i19 thu gom v x l s rc ny theo cc yu c u c aB Yt . 2.3.3 Qu n l
Cng tc qu n l ch t th i y t nguy h i b nh vi n huy n r t chuyn nghi c cc yu c u c a B Y t Vi t Nam. Cc ngu n nh, m y t x hoc cc phng khm nh hi n khng tham gia vo h thng ny. C c v nng cao nh n th c s ph c th c hi n v i s h p tc v i cc yt nc m b o rng ch t th i y t nguy h i t cc ngu n nh c phn lo i ph h p, v n chuy t cng v i ch t th i y t nguy h i t b nh vi n. L t nh vi n huy n c cng su x l thm 30% rc th i ngy.
19
Cu c hp v i cn b Huy
36
HNG 3 CC GI I PHP K THU T

3.1 NH NG HI B PH NG PH
Trang thi t b qut ng bao g m xe y tay, ch i v d ng c b oh , , ng, khu trang, nn). t nh t y tay cho mi th tr n. m t s ng chnh s c qut vo sng s m. Cc khu v c khc s c dn d p vo bu i chi u. Mi y tay. Th i gian s d ng m y tay kho u trang thi t b qut ng c tnh v tm t t trong b ng 3.1.
B ng 3.1 c tnh nhu c u trang thi t b S y tay Nhu c u 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 2 2 0
=8b b oh
ng S qu n o b o h Nhu c u 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
= b o h
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
* **
S ch i qut* Nhu c u 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
ng** 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
ng/cng
y tay/th tr n x 2 th tr n x 4 ch y tay/th tr n x 2 th tr n x 2 b .
3.2 S nh ng
H sau:
H IH
I NG x l
N h c d a trn
- 20% rc h ;
c x l t i ngu n l t cc ch v ph n cn l i t cc h gia
- 90% rc h cc ch s c compost bng cch s d ng cng ngh Toptex v ph n cn l i s c x l trong cc thng sinh hc c th ti p nh n 3040 kg rc h c/ngy ( 35 kg/thng sinh h c dng
37
tnh ton s thng sinh hc ). Kch c c a m t compost l 1 m (r ng) x 0,6 m (cao) x 10 m (di), ng ring c a rc h compost l 450 kg/m3 , i compost c th ti p nh n 1350 kg rc h c trong 45 ngy. Mi c ph 2 14 m t m Toptex. - Rc h cc h c x l trong cc thng hi t hay trong cc thng sinh hc nui nh ng ru % cc h c x l bng cc thng nhi t v ph n cn l i s cx l bng cc thng sinh hc. mi thng s c 2 h d ng , ng rc h c x l trong mi thng nhi t hay thng sinh hc t i cc h tr n s , i/ngy x 5 i/h =) , T i cc x, mi thng nhi t s ti p nh n x p x , i/h gia =) , hng/ngy. - Chi ph c a v t li - M thng - Toptex c th s d c th s d T ng s cho huy trong b a h , , c
x l rc h
20
T nhi t c
; ; V nhi t v thng sinh hc
- Gi c a thng sinh hc lm t v t li
compost, thng c tnh v
nhi t v thng sinh hc tm t t trong b ng 3.2. S th tr n v x trong b ng 3.7.
c l rc
B ng 3.2 S c nhi t v thng sinh hc S S compost 65 98 127 129
Toptex, thng vi sinh
S Thng 6 9 12 12 T 1.749 2.653 3.482 3.523 Thng sinh 0 583 884 1.161 1.174
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
20
l rc h
i ngu n c th
cb
us
u mun.
38
B ng 3.2 S c nhi t v thng sinh hc S S compost 130 156 158 185 187 189 191 193 195
x l rc h ) S Thng 12 15 15 17 18 18 18 18 18 T 3.564 4.344 4.394 5.201 5.261 5.322 5.384 5.447 5.510
Toptex, thng vi sinh
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Thng sinh 1.188 1.448 1.465 1.734 1.754 1.774 1.795 1.816 1.837
39
B ng 3.3 Nhu c u TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
compost s d ng
Toptex cho huy 2018 16 18 10 13 9 11 7 8 9 10 7 7 15 7 7 156 2019 16 19 10 13 9 11 7 9 9 11 7 8 15 7 8 158 2020 2021 2022 16 16 17 19 19 19 12 12 12 16 16 17 11 11 11 14 14 14 9 9 9 10 11 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 9 9 9 9 9 9 19 19 19 8 8 8 9 9 9 185 187 189 2023 17 20 12 17 12 14 9 11 11 13 9 10 19 8 9 191 2024 17 20 12 17 12 14 9 11 11 13 9 10 20 8 10 193 2025 17 20 12 17 12 15 9 11 12 14 9 10 20 9 10 195
L T T NG
2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2013 10 9 4 5 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 6 2 3 65
2014 15 13 5 8 5 6 4 5 5 6 4 4 9 4 4 98
2015 15 18 7 10 7 9 6 7 7 8 6 6 12 5 6 127
2016 2017 15 16 18 18 7 8 10 10 7 7 9 9 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 6 6 6 6 12 12 5 5 6 6 129 130
40
B ng 3.4 Nhu c u thng sinh h TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
x l rc h
ch
uy x 2018 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 2019 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 t 2020 2021 2022 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 18 18 2023 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 18 2024 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 18 2025 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 18
L T T NG
2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
2013 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6
2014 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 9
2015 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 12
2016 2017 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 12 12
41
B ng 3.5 Nhu c u thng TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
nhi
x l rc h
ah vi sinh a x 2019 303 354 292 403 278 345 220 259 274 320 221 230 466 201 228 4.394
uy t 2025 325 380 376 519 357 444 283 334 352 412 284 296 599 258 293 5.510
L T T NG
2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2013 188 165 109 151 104 129 82 97 102 119 82 86 174 75 85 1.749
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 286 289 293 296 300 251 339 342 346 350 165 223 226 228 289 228 308 312 315 399 157 212 215 217 275 195 263 267 270 341 124 168 170 172 217 147 198 201 203 257 155 209 212 214 271 181 244 247 250 316 125 168 170 172 218 130 176 178 180 227 264 356 360 364 461 114 153 155 157 198 129 174 176 178 225 2.653 3.482 3.523 3.564 4.344
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 306 310 314 317 321 359 363 367 371 376 355 359 363 367 371 490 495 501 507 513 337 341 345 349 353 419 424 428 433 438 267 270 273 276 279 315 319 322 326 330 332 336 340 344 348 388 393 398 402 407 268 271 274 277 280 279 282 286 289 292 566 572 579 586 593 244 247 249 252 255 277 280 283 287 290 5.201 5.261 5.322 5.384 5.447
42
B ng 3.6 Nhu c u thng sinh h TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
x l rc h
ah x
uy 2019 101 118 97 134 93 115 73 86 91 107 74 77 155 67 76 1.465
2025
L T T NG
2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2013 63 55 36 50 35 43 27 32 34 40 27 29 58 25 28 583
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 95 96 98 99 100 84 113 114 115 117 55 74 75 76 96 76 103 104 105 133 52 71 72 72 92 65 88 89 90 114 41 56 57 57 72 49 66 67 68 86 52 70 71 71 90 60 81 82 83 105 42 56 57 57 73 43 59 59 60 76 88 119 120 121 154 38 51 52 52 66 43 58 59 59 75 884 1.161 1.174 1.188 1.448
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 102 103 105 106 107 120 121 122 124 125 118 120 121 122 124 163 165 167 169 171 112 114 115 116 118 140 141 143 144 146 89 90 91 92 93 105 106 107 109 110 111 112 113 115 116 129 131 133 134 136 89 90 91 92 93 93 94 95 96 97 189 191 193 195 198 81 82 83 84 85 92 93 94 96 97 1.734 1.754 1.774 1.795 1.816
2025 108 127 125 173 119 148 94 111 117 137 95 99 200 86 98 1.837
43
B ng 3.7 T huy N 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 NG
Toptex, thng v sinh 1.749 905 829 40 41 780 50 807 60 61 62 62 63 5.510
nhi t v thng sinh hc cho (x 1 000 N) Thng v 612.008 706.721 316.653 365.657 290.162 334.896 14.138 16.324 14.302 16.514 273.032 314.951 17.635 20.359 282.437 325.800 21.116 24.374 21.361 24.657 21.609 24.943 21.860 25.232 22.113 25.525 1.928.426 2.225.953
Toptex (m2) 905 468 408 21 21 1.267 493 782 51 51 1.297 524 813 7.100
Thng 589 305 279 14 14 262 17 271 20 21 21 21 21 1.855
Toptex 27.138 14.041 12.228 620 627 37.996 14.801 23.459 1.519 1.536 38.916 15.732 24.401 213.014
Chi ph c trang thi t b ny , x l rc h ngu n lm gi kh ng rc c c thu gom, v n chuy n v bi chn l p h p v sinh. Cc chi ph ti t ki c t vi y tay, xe v bi chn l p h p v sinh nhi c trang thi t b x l rc h i ngu n. 3.3 NH hn PHNG IN H G hu gom H H I N INH H
i t i rc, chi
Thi t b p bao g m thng ch L t d ng, thng ch a 660 L t t i ngu n pht trung y tay 660 L thu gom rc t h n pht nh khc. ch a trong nh ng thi t b c tm t t trong b ng 3.8. hi t b p ch t th i r n sinh ho t xu t huy c trong hnh 3.1.
44
(a) Thng ch a 240 L Hnh 3.1 Thi t b
(b) Thng ch a 660 L p ch t th i r n sinh ho
y tay 660 L xu t huy n
B ng 3.8
c trong cc thi t b thu gom khc nhau Ph c s d ng 60% 60% 100% ng 50 140 230 trong
(kg)
Thi t b thu gom Rc trong thng ch a 240 L Rc trong thng ch a 660 L R y tay 660 L
ng 3 ring (kg/m )
350 350 350
Nhu cu trang thi t b thu S trang thi t b c n thi t sinh ho t huy tm t t trong b ng 3.9. B ng 3.9 th i r n sinh ho t
v Th tr n
p ch t th i rn sinh ho t p ch t th i r n u ki n
trang thi t b huy

v t d ng chnh v cc khu v c trung tm c a th tr n Ngu n pht trung , chnh, t ch c, khch s n Thu gom rc t cc khu dn P v 20-30% t 10-20 t
p ch t
ng rc, gi tr tnh l 25% ng rc, gi tr tnh l 10%
Thng ch a 240 L Thng ch a 660 L y tay 660 L Thng ch a 240 L y tay 660 L
60-70% t ng rc, gi tr tnh l 65% t d ng chnh, cc 10-15% t n khu v c trung tm c a x, v hnh, gi tr tnh nh n rc t cc h l 10% Thu gom rc t cc khu dn 80-90% t
45
tnh
ng rc, gi tr l 90%
cc d li u trnh by trn, nhu c u trang thi t b p ch t th i r n sinh ho t huy tm t t trong b ng 3.10 c chi ti t cho trong cc b ng 3.11, 3.12, v 3.13.
B ng 3.10 T ng nhu c u trang thi t b ho t uy 660 L 14 13 12 11 11 11 11 11 13 13 13 14 14 14
thu c tnh v th tr n v x
p ch t th i
sinh
N 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
240 L 92 81 77 74 74 76 76 77 87 88 89 90 91 92
660 L 52 47 44 42 43 43 43 44 49 51 51 51 52 53
240 L 48 63 77 67 67 69 67 78 83 84 84 96 97 106
660 L 93 117 141 131 131 131 124 146 155 157 159 179 182 204
46
B ng 3.11 Nhu c u thng ch a 240 L cho huy

TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2012 49 43 9 6 7 5 11 5 5 140 2013 43 38 8 7 6 6 7 5 5 10 4 5 144 2014 41 36 6 8 6 7 5 5 6 6 5 5 9 4 5 154 2015 40 34 5 7 5 6 4 5 5 6 4 4 8 4 4 141 2016 40 34 5 7 5 6 4 5 5 6 4 4 8 4 4 141 2017 41 35 6 7 5 6 4 5 5 6 4 4 9 4 4 145 2018 41 35 5 7 5 6 4 5 5 6 4 4 8 4 4 143 2019 42 35 6 8 6 7 5 5 6 7 5 5 9 4 5 155 240 2020 48 39 6 9 6 8 5 6 6 7 5 5 10 5 5 170 2021 49 39 7 9 6 8 5 6 6 7 5 5 10 5 5 172 2022 49 40 7 9 6 8 5 6 6 7 5 5 10 5 5 173 2023 50 40 7 10 7 9 6 7 7 8 6 6 12 5 6 186 2024 50 41 8 10 7 9 6 7 7 8 6 6 12 5 6 188 2025 51 41 8 11 8 10 6 7 8 9 6 7 13 6 7 198
L T T NG
47
B ng 3.12 Nhu c u thng ch a 660 L cho Huy 2012 7 7 14 2013 7 6 13 2014 6 6 12 2015 6 5 11 2016 6 5 11 2017 6 5 11 2018 6 5 11 2019 6 5 11 660 2020 7 6 13 2021 7 6 13 2022 7 6 13 2023 8 6 14 2024 8 6 14 2025 8 6 14
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
48
B ng 3.13 Nhu c
y tay 660 L cho Huy S 2012 28 24 18 12 14 10 20 9 10 145 2013 25 22 16 14 10 11 13 9 9 18 8 9 164 2014 23 21 11 15 11 13 8 10 10 12 8 9 17 8 9 185 2015 23 19 10 14 10 12 8 9 10 11 8 8 16 7 8 173 2016 23 20 10 14 10 12 8 9 10 11 8 8 16 7 8 174 2017 23 20 10 14 10 12 8 9 10 11 8 8 16 7 8 174 x 2018 23 20 10 13 9 11 7 9 9 11 7 8 15 7 8 167 y tay 660 L 2019 24 20 11 16 11 13 9 10 11 12 9 9 18 8 9 190 2020 27 22 12 17 12 14 9 11 11 13 9 10 19 8 10 204 2021 28 23 12 17 12 14 9 11 12 13 9 10 19 9 10 208 2022 28 23 12 17 12 15 9 11 12 14 9 10 19 9 10 210 2023 28 23 14 19 13 16 11 13 13 15 11 11 22 10 11 230 2024 29 23 14 19 14 17 11 13 13 16 11 11 22 10 11 234 2025 29 24 16 22 15 19 12 14 15 17 12 13 25 11 13 257
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
49
Trong nh
ng rc ph i thu gom s c b ng 3.14 v i gi nh rng th i gian s d ng cc thi t b ny l
B ng 3.14
i trang thi t b
p ch t th i sinh ho t
N 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
ch a 240 L 92 92 2 1 102 3 1 2 103 4
a 660 L 14 14 16 1 16 -
660 L 52 53 1 58 2 1 59 3
ch a 240 L 48 15 14 48 17 11 53 18 23 54 27
660 L 93 24 24 93 24 17 22 102 26 19 42 105 48
y ban Nhn dn Huy n An m b o rng c m t s y tay d tr . Hi n t i, cc tnh ton m b o rng s y tay v theo d i y tay s ch hon thnh m t tuy n thu gom mi ngy. 3 4 NH N H N H H I N INH H
hu gom v v n chuy n th c p ch t th i r n sinh ho n bi chn l p s c th c hi n bi xe p rc 8 t n pha sau (gi chung l xe p rc). h thng thu gom v v n chuy n th c c trong b ng 3.15. Th i gian trung bnh 1 chuy n xe c b ng 3.16.
Hnh 3.2 Lo i xe v n chuy
xu t.
50
B ng 3.15
h thng thu gom v v n chuy n th c p X Th 1 thng: 1 pht Th i gian v n chuy n gi a 2 thng ch a: 1 pht T ng: 2 pht/thng ch a
Th tr n Th i gian Th 1 thng: 1 pht Th i gian v n chuy n gi a 2 mi thng ch a thng ch a: 1 pht 240 L T ng: 2 pht/thng ch a Th i gian Th 1 thng: 2 pht (ti p c ) mi thng ch a Th i gian v n chuy n gi a 2 660 L thng ch a: 5 pht T ng: 7 pht/thng ch a Th i gian Th y tay: 1 pht Th i gian v n chuy n gi m y tay 660 L :5 pht ( trung bnh 4 xe y tay t i m ) T 2,25 /x y Th i gian v n chuy n trung bnh Khng c s li u gi a cc x Kho ng cch trung bnh m t chuy n 20 km bi chn l p v quay v T v n chuy n n bi 30 km/h chn l p Th i gian trung bnh 20 pht t i bi chn l p B ng 3.16 Th i gian trung bnh m t chuy n c a xe p rc
Th y tay: 1 pht Th i gian v n chuy n gi a 2 tay: 5 pht ( trung bnh y tay t i m ) T 3,5 /x y 20 pht
40 km
25 km/h 20 pht
Th i gian thu gom rc (pht/chuy n) Th v n chuy n gi a cc x (7 x/chuy n x 20 pht/x) Th v n chuy n bi chn l p Th i gian trung bnh t i bi chn l p Th i gian trung bnh khng lm vi c mi chuy b ng, ~ 15% th i gian lm vi c) T ng th 1 chuy n xe p rc (pht/chuy n) T ng th 1 chuy n xe p rc (gi /chuy n)
Th tr n 185 pht 0 pht 40 pht 20 pht 37 pht 282 4,7
X 160 pht 140 pht 96 pht 20 pht 57 pht 473 7,8
D a trn d li u trnh by trong b ng 3.15 v 3.16, s c tnh v tm t t trong b ng 3.17.
xe p rc
51
B ng 3.17 S
N L ( /
xe p rc
) Thi gian th ( / 1 ) x
thu gom v v n chuy n th c p

Th x (gi/ ) l ng xe 2,74 x u t
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
18,04 16,10 15,20 14,51 14,68 14,85 15,03 15,20 17,20 17,40 17,60 17,81 18,01 18,22
11,45 14,30 17,20 15,77 15,95 16,14 15,13 17,85 19,00 19,22 19,44 22,13 22,38 25,16
636 568 536 512 518 524 530 536 606 613 620 628 635 642
677 845 1017 932 943 954 894 1055 1123 1136 1150 1308 1324 1488
22 24 26 24 24 25 24 27 29 29 30 32 33 35
2,94 3,23 3,01 3,04 3,08 2,97 3,32 3,60 3,65 3,69 4,03 4,08 4,44
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5
th y, s xe c lm trn t i s nguyn g n nh t, nn trong m t s ng h p xe s ph i lm vi c nhi , bng cch ny ti t ki m chi ph mua s m v v n hnh thm m t xe m xe ny s t s d n. S xe p rc c tnh v trnh by trong b ng 3.18, i gian s d ng xe l 1
B ng 3.18 S chuy n rc th c p c a huy N 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 x 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 x 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 1 n
52
3 5 NH NH N NG, H NG H G N H 351N Nhn - V qut e v n chuy n c tnh d ng
HI PH N H
H H I
H I HI PH I N INH H
I H
u ki n sau: y tay; y tay;
, 1 cng nhn s v p, 1 cng nhn s v n hnh 2 1 li xe v 2 . c tnh d
nhn cng trong b ng 3.19.

B ng 3.19 N 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 v 26 24 22 21 22 22 22 22 25 26 26 26 26 27
u ki
tm t t
x X 47 59 71 66 66 66 62 73 78 79 80 90 91 102
Cng v hnh xe p rc 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 8 10
Li xe p rc 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 5
3.5.2 Chi ph ca h th
v tnh ton
t th i tb n thu
gom v v n chuy n rc.

B ng 3.20 v Thng ch a 240 L Thng ch a 660 L y tay 660 L Xe p rc ( 24 105 200 80.000
53
pha sau
(x 1000 N)* 480 2.100 4.000 1.600.000
Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn * Ghi ch: Gi xe c tnh d a trn vi c mua bn t c thu th p t nh i mua Vi t Nam. Nh ng gi Vi t Nam.
, s c th tr
n v thi t b c tnh trn, t ng . K t qu c tm t t trong b ng 3.21. c trnh by trong b ng 3.22.

t b thu gom v v n chuy n rc c a
B ng 3.21 C
N 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 240 L 660 L tay 660 L 140 14 145 15 24 14 24 140 14 146 19 24 17 12 23 155 16 160 21 28 1 19 25 1 43 157 16 164 31 51
240 L 67.200 7.200 6.720 67.200 9.120 5.760 74.400 10.080 480 12.000 75.360 14.880
(x 1 000 N) (x 1.000) 5.476.600 103.200 102.720 680.600 105.120 68.000 97.760 2.348.000 122.080 4.876.480 186.100 764.960 1.818.880
3 1 3 1
660 L tay 660 L 29.400 580.000 96.000 96.000 29.400 584.000 96.000 68.000 92.000 33.600 640.000 - 112.000 76.000 2.100 172.000 33.600 656.000 - 204.000
4.800.000 1.600.000 4.800.000 1.600.000
54
B ng 3.22 N Thng Thng 240 L 660 L 2012 92 14 2013 2014 2015 2016 92 14 2017 2 2018 2019 1 2020 102 16 2021 3 2022 1 2023 2 1 2024 103 16 2025 4 l ng
t b thu gom X 660 L 93 24 24 93 24 17 22 102 26 19 42 105 48
rc cho cc th tr n v x huy (x 1 000 N) X Thng tay 660 L 240 L tay 660 L 208.000 23.040 372.000 7.200 96.000 6.720 96.000 212.000 23.040 372.000 8.160 96.000 68.000 4.000 5.280 88.000 232.000 25.440 408.000 8.000 8.640 104.000 76.000 4.000 11.040 168.000 236.000 25.920 420.000 12.000 12.960 192.000
660 L 52 53 1 58 2 1 59 3
Thng 240 L 48 15 14 48 17 11 53 18 23 54 27
Xe p rc 3 1 3 1
Thng 240 L 44.160 44.160 960 480 48.960 1.440 480 960 49.440 1.920
Thng 660 L 29.400 29.400 33.600 2.100 33.600 -
4.800.000 1.600.000 4.800.000 1.600.000
55
Chi ph vn hnh v b dng h chuyn ch t th i sinh ho t
th ng thu gom v vn , Chi ph
Vn, cc chi ph v n hnh v b c tnh d a trn ph nhn cng, chi ph v n hnh v b tt l c thu gom v v n chuy n t k trong b ng 3.23.
B ng 3.23 n hnh v b ng
(x 1.000 N/ ) Thng 240 L : V Th i gian s d : Kh V Chi ph b = % = V Thng 660 L : V Th i gian s d : Kh V Chi ph b = % = V y tay 660 L : 4.000.000 V Th i gian s d ng: Kh 1.000.000 V Chi ph b = 5% = 200.000 V Xe p rc 8 t n : 1.600.000.000 V Th i gian s d ng: Kh 160.000.000 V Chi ph b = 5% = 50.000.000 V Nhin li u cho xe p rc: (8 lt/gi x 8 gi /ng 21.00 V = 403.200.000 V ) Thi t b tnh trn mt cng nhn: Qu n o lm vi c, ch i, x , i nhn cng) a 1 li xe p rc T , ng, ti n b, chi ph x h i,... 1 cng nhn thu gom v h tr xe p rc T m chi ph x h i...
144
630
1.200
210.000
403.200
300 30.000 21.600
T n v trang thi t b chi ph h thng thu gom v v n chuy n qu c trnh by trong b ng 3.24. B ng 3.24 ph chi ph h thng l chi ph nhn cng.
56
c tnh, t ng c tnh ton. K t
v trn 50% chi 2015 kho ng 3,41 t
; s ti n ny s ph c v thu gom 11.054 t n rc th i sinh ho t, t i th i 191.500 kho ng 305.850 VN /t n hay kho ng 17.700 V .N u gi nh rng 50% dn s c ph c v bi d ch v thu gom rc th i v ch u 67% chi ph (m t ph n ba cn l c cc c a hng, , ngnh cng nghi p,... chi tr ), chi ph i s 2 x 17.700 x 2/3 = 23.600 V / N um th i, chi ph hng thng kho ng 9.8 V . Cc chi ph ny ch thu gom v v n chuy m tiu h y; t c l vn v chi ph v n hnh cho bi chn l p v c . c tnh trn cc chi ph mua xe p rc m i, thng ch , b o ng cc ny, b oh cho cng nhn v nhin li u xe . Chi ph qu n l c . C nhi gi m cc chi ph ny: d th y nh t l gi m chi ph nhn cng bng cch gi m nhn cng c n thi n m c ti thi u. Cho th u v l m t cch gi m chi ph. Hi n t i, m y tay ch hon thnh m t tuy n thu gom m t ngy. cc th tr n m t cng nhn thu gom rc thn ng c th hon thnh hai tuy n v i m y tay m i cng nhn trong th tr n c th c pht y tay hay xe t i ch l y h t rc t y tay hai l n trong m t ngy. V i c hai cch , s cng nhn thu gom trong th tr n s ch cn m t n a, a, n c l y h t rc hai l n mi ngy, ch c n c m t n a s xe y tay. Cui cng, cc xe ch ho ng kho ng 8 gi m t ngy trong cc c tnh trn nn n u cc xe ho ng trong th i ngy . m t s c, v d ch, xe ng ho ng 2 ca m t ngy (t c l 16 gi / ) gi m chi ph cng nhi u cng tt.
57
B ng 3.24 T ng chi ph v n hnh h thng thu gom v N Thng Thng 240 L 660 L 2012 2.208 1.470 2013 2014 2015 2016 2.208 1.470 2017 48 2018 2019 24 2020 2.448 1.680 2021 72 2022 24 2023 48 105 2024 2.472 1.680 2025 96
huy n v d (x 1 000 N) Xe p rc y tay Nhin cho cng nhn 660 L B dng li u 18.600 150.000 1.209.600 23.550 4.800 150.000 1.209.600 26.400 4.800 150.000 1.209.600 29.550 150.000 1.209.600 27.750 18.600 150.000 1.209.600 27.900 4.800 150.000 1.209.600 27.900 3.400 150.000 1.209.600 26.850 4.400 150.000 1.209.600 30.300 20.400 200.000 1.612.800 33.000 5.200 200.000 1.612.800 33.600 3.800 200.000 1.612.800 33.900 8.400 200.000 1.612.800 36.900 21.000 200.000 1.612.800 37.500 9.600 250.000 2.016.000 41.550
X y tay Thng 660 L 240 L 10.400 1.152 360 336 10.600 1.152 408 264 1.272 432 552 1.296 648
li xe 90.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 90.000 120.000 120.000 120.000 120.000 120.000 150.000
cng nhn 1.630.800 1.836.000 2.062.800 1.933.200 1.944.000 1.944.000 1.868.400 2.116.800 2.289.600 2.332.800 2.354.400 2.570.400 2.613.600 2.883.600 3.137.780 3.317.160 3.547.086 3.410.550 3.455.530 3.426.756 3.348.250 3.601.588 4.292.800 4.305.304 4.324.924 4.549.405 4.622.148 5.352.094
200 11.600 400 200 11.800 600
58
3.5.3 Ph v thu h i chi ph thu gom v Quy h - H d V ph - H V ph i tr - H - Cc h - T i ch , cc ch pht sinh; nh S
-UBND nh rng t t c cc t ch c, d ng h thng d ch v rc ph i tr :
th tr n hay th x c a cc huy n khc (tr thnh ph ), ng tr i nh ng b tng) ph i tr 10.000 /thng; trong khi cc h d ng chnh c a thn (khng ng tr i nh ng b tng) ph i tr V /thng. H gia ng nh ng hm ph i tr V /thng; x c a cc huy n khc d /thng, trong khi h V /thng; huy n ph i tr ph i tr 10.000V V V V ;
3
ng chnh, quc l ph i tr ng nh ng hm /thng; V /thng; ng rc
huy n ph i tr
ph i tr
- Ch , b nh vi n v doanh nghi p ph i tr c thu gom. Ton b c ph chuy n, x l rc v cc ho
ch t th i r n sinh ho t
p cho cc chi ph thu gom, v n ng thu ph.
Thu h i ton b chi ph h th ng chi ph cho vi c h tr ti chnh v v n hnh m t h thng thu gom rc ph p thng qua i th i rc chi tr . H th c chia thnh h thng p bao g m cc ho ng t cc ngu n pht sinh rc th gia , , b nh vi , m v h thng thu gom th c p t m n bi chn l p hay nh my compost. Trung bnh mi h Quy nh S i. N u p d ng m : nh trong
-U
- T i cc th tr n v th x, 30% t ng h V /thng; 20% h ph i tr V V /thng; v - T i cc x, 30% h V /thng. Chi ph (v i gi t ph c a h nh rng 100% cc h

59
c ph c v ph i tr 10.000 /thng v 50% ph i tr 6.000 V /thng v 70% ph i tr 5.000
i tr
c tnh c ph c v tr
trong b ng 3.25 )
p 2/3 t ng chi ph v n hnh h thng thu gom .T th p chi ph v n hnh h c p hay kho ng 65-72% (t n 2025) chi ph v n p. , p chi ph v n hnh h rc, ph c a h
21
rc Huy n An thng thu gom th hnh h thng thu thng thu gom nh hi n nay.
B ng 3.25 Thu h i chi ph

T hi ph v n hnh h thng thu gom (x 1.000 V ) 3.137.780 3.317.160 3.547.086 3.410.550 3.455.530 3.426.756 3.348.250 3.601.588 4.292.800 4.305.304 4.324.924 4.549.405 4.622.148 5.352.094
h thng thu gom

Chi ph v n Chi ph v n hnh hnh h thng h thng thu gom p th c p (x 1.000 (x 1.000 V ) V ) 1.688.180 1.449.600 1.867.560 1.449.600 2.097.486 1.449.600 1.960.950 1.449.600 2.005.930 1.449.600 1.977.156 1.449.600 1.898.650 1.449.600 2.151.988 1.449.600 2.360.000 1.932.800 2.372.504 1.932.800 2.392.124 1.932.800 2.616.605 1.932.800 2.689.348 1.932.800 2.936.094 2.416.000 S h c ph c v T 4.992 5.050 5.108 5.167 5.227 5.288 5.349 5.411 6.256 6.329 6.402 6.476 6.551 6.627 X 10.081 12.199 14.279 14.445 14.612 14.782 14.953 16.746 19.360 19.585 19.812 21.737 21.989 23.980 Chi ph t ph c a h (x 1.000 V ) 1.168.958 1.324.218 1.476.807 1.493.938 1.511.268 1.528.799 1.546.533 1.679.112 1.941.245 1.963.764 1.986.543 2.129.639 2.154.343 2.302.187
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Huy n ph i xem xt m t trong ba nh s 1: p d ng -U ph
sau: h c p trn. theo nh trong Quy t
+ m: v l a chn ny d a trn Quy trnh thm. + c th s ph i t hnh v b -
nh c a T nh, nn khng c n gi i
m: n u p d ng m c ph ny, thu h i t ph c a h p chi ph v n hnh c a h thng thu gom th c n v n hnh h th p v x l rc (v n ng bi chn l p).
2: t ph c a h c th p 2/3 chi ph v n hnh h th p (b ng 3.26) (v ph n cn l i s p bi ph thu gom t cc ngu n pht sinh rc th ) T ng h p ny, h
21
1/3 t ng chi ph cn l i v n hnh m t h thng thu gom rc Huy , nh vi n, ch , khu cng nghi ,
p bng ph thu gom t cc c a hng,
60
i tr trung bnh kho ng 6.6 cn 5 + V m:
ny s gip ti t ki m ngn sch c a Huy n so v i 1. M c ph s c cc h t i khu v c nng thn ch p nh T ng h p ny, Huy n s ph i v n hnh h thng thu gom th c p v x l rc (v n hnh v b ng bi chn l p). m: m c ph m i ph c T nh ph duy t. p 2/3 t ng chi ph n cn l i s i khc). Trong V /thng
+ -
3: t ph c a h c th ph v n hnh h thng thu gom rc (b ng 3.26) (v p bi ph thu gom t cc ngu n pht sinh rc th ng h p ny, h i tr trung bnh kho ng 11.2 md n9 V
+ m: s gip ti t ki m ngn sch c a Huy n so v i 1 v 2. M t s trong m c ph d thuy t ph c cc h T ng h p ny, Huy n ch ph i tm ngn sch cho vi c x l rc (v n hnh v b ng bi chn l p). + m: (1) m c ph m i ph c T nh ph duy t; (2) s thuy t ph c cc h ph so v i 2.
ngh 6.600 6.511 6.526 6.031 5.996 5.929 5.628 5.862 5.446 5.489 5.478 5.573 5.604 5.736 2 h M c ph m h V ngh 11.214 10.543 10.113 9.577 9.501 9.394 9.053 9.000 9.066 9.067 9.015 8.859 8.853 9.522 /thng) 3
B ng 3.26 M c ph m h 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
M c ph c a h h c ph c v
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Bi chn l p do CEEN thi t k ti p nh n trung bnh 34,25 t n rc/ngy. c l p rc dy 11g mm t l t st m nn v m t l p HDPE. H thng thu gom kh h thng thu v x c r rc T V : T n c th i c a bi chn l p ch t th i r . H th c m c b tr xung quanh bi chn l p. Ngu c t cc gi ng khoan. c n ch y u sng. Cc cng trnh ph bao g m cc , cn, hng ro, quan tr ng, xe, nh b o v ,... tnh CEEN C c c p nh t ; c trnh by trong Ph l c C, cc b ng C1 v C2. c chi ph bao g m c u cn, khu r a xe, khu d tr , , nh b o v , hng ro xung quanh v cc chn l p v h thng thu gom c r rc. Chi ph x c r rc, h th n v c c v y rc. Cui cng, cc gi ng st c quan tr ng xung quanh bi chn l p v m t xe v n hnh bi chn l p .C n .T bi chn l p v sinh l 40,2 t , n l n chi ph xy d ng cc chn l p m i v my mc. c d c tnh
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B ng 3.27 Nhn cng Nhn cng ) V T T T Lao cng bi chn l p 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 5 17
63
3.6.1 Cc l i ch ca bi chn l p h p v sinh s d ng chung Theo H thu t v ti chnh c a d n C c v V sinh t nh, m c 2.2.2.1 Cc quy ho ch qu n l rc th i cho cc huy n v xem xt chi c t ng th v ch t th i r n c a t nh (trang 15), d n c n ph i xem xt Quy ho ch t ng th qu n l ch t th i r n c a t nh, nhm b m r t chi c ph h p cho t nh v cc huy n d n. Vi c xem xt ny, d a trn cc tiu chun quc t , ph i xem xt kh t s huy n dng chung m t bi chn l p, ng th i ph n hi u qu v mt chi ph, kh p c n, kho ng cch v n chuy n v s c ph c v . Theo nh ng l i ch kinh t , huy s d ng chung bi chn l p h p v sinh v i (cc) huy n khc hay (cc) ph n c a (cc) huy n khc, tt nh t l v i T S . T t c cc huy n s c ng nhi u , khng ch v mt gi m cc chi ph xy d ng v v n hnh, m cn gi m ng ng. ny cho php ti t ki c nhi t trong t nh, v mi m t bi chn l p s ph i tun theo cc yu c u v kho ng cch an ton (t nh t 300 , p d ng cho bi chn l p nh v v tr khng theo chi u gi ) a, m t bi chn l p s d ng chung c th cc l a chn nh nh kh , vi c thu h i v ti s d ng kh bi chn l ng ch c th th c hi n khi kh ng rc l n. Thu h i kh bi chn l p c th lm gi m b t pht th i kh nh knh v thu nh pht tri n s ch 23 (CDM) . v chi ph v n hnh trong bi chn l c s d ng chung v i huy T S l c C, b ng C4. 3.6.2 Tm tt v n Vn v vn hnh bi chn l p h p v sinh n
v v n hnh bi chn l p h p v sinh c trnh by trong b ng 3.28.

v
B ng 3.28 Tm t t vn n 2025, c t cui cng T S H T
v n hnh bi chn l p h p v sinh 2013 chi ph n u bi chn l c s d ng chung v i huy n v T T T T V V V V B v 188.911 26.859 12.212 23.539 331.426 B d 367.727 28.076 34.285 26.833 242.555
t trong bi chn l c ghi nh n l CDM.
23
L a chn CDM thng qua kh bi chn l p ch l m t l a chn n u rc h c p ph n khc, cc ho m b t pht th
64
S b ng trn ton b cc chi ph bi chn l p dng ring n kho ng 33 V /m t t n rc nh n. C th ti t ki bng cch chia s cc chi ph xy d ng v v n hnh m t bi chn l p v i huy n Ty S .H t n c n thi t , mc d chi ph v n hnh do tiu th nhin li u, chi ph ha ch t cho x c r rc,.... T , 9 V . ti t ki , c bi t khi quy ho ch ny yu c u 30 t n rc c thu gom hng ngy Huy n t i. Tiu h y cui cng ch t th i r n bng chn l p, n u v t n thi t, s ph i s d ng cc bi chn l p h p v sinh an ton ng. t n c kha c nh kinh t ng, r rng chung bi chn l p nh ng ng k . Thch th c duy nh t k ch b n ny l s ph i c th c c bi chn l p s d ny tr thnh hi n th c, huy n ph i thi t k v n th c v thng tin gio d c truy n thng thch h p cho c chnh quy 3.6.3 Th t c cho vi c s d ng chung bi chn l p h p v sinh qu n l m t bi chn l p h p v sinh s d ng chung, vi c v n hnh bi chn l p c n ph c gim st bi m t ban qu n l v ng m i di n cho l i ch c a c hai Huy n (hay nhi ) Ban Qu n l bi chn l p c th Ph Ch t ch UBND T nh ng cc Ph Ch t ch UBND c a cc huy n c lin quan. Ban Qu n l bi chn l p ph m b o bi chn l p h p v c xy d ng v v n hnh v l i ch tt nh t c a t t c cc bn. T Ban Qu n l bi chn l n ph i bao g i di n t cc phng ban c a huy n, g m c K ho , T ng, Nng nghi p v Pht tri n Nng thn, Qu , b ph n Y t Cng c ng, U x bi chn l p v (cc) cng ty qu n l rc c a Huy n. u quan trng l Ban Qu n l bi chn l p m b o bi chn l p h p v sinh c qu n l m t cch minh b ch, t t c cc kho u ph c ghi chp v gi i trnh r rng. Bi chn l p h p v sinh s c cn v t t c cc xe rc bi chn l p . Chi ph mi Huy n h ng rc bi chn l p h p v sinh. T t c cc quy nh v nng c p v m r ng bi chn l c n ph c Ban Qu n l bi chn l p ph chun. 3.7 I I HI PH NH H I NG N
compost t ph n rc h i ngu n ti t ki ng k . Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n ny c a Huy s d ng m t m hnh i cng 30% dng th c x l ) cc x v 15% dng
65
th c x l y cc th tr n. 3.29 t ng chi ph so snh k ch b n hon ton khng c x l rc h i ngu n v k ch b n rc h c x l t i ngu n. Trong t t c ng h p, gi nh rng rc s c bi chn l p h p v sinh c a Huy n.
B ng 3.29 So snh chi ph cc k ch b n lm phn compost khc nhau H 100% rc h c lm phn compost T ng bi chn l p 2013 2025 (t n) T ng v (tri V ) T ng chi ph v n hnh (Tri V ) T ng chi ph (tri N) 147.365 36.161 23.143 59.304 Kch b n hi n t i (30% x/15% th tr n) 175.558 40.165 23.532 63.697 Khng x l rc h i ngu n 230.905 40.165 44.289 84.454
s ti t ki h thng so v i h thng khng c x l rc h i ngu n. Th c ra c thu gom trong 2013 2025 kho ng 55.000 t n (176.000 t n so v i 231.000 t ), t ki c 21 t V , t m nh m gi m bi chn l p v gi m chi ph. gi m rc mang l i l i ch ng. 3.8 NG B I rc hi n a nhi b n v ng. Theo d m hay mu n ph i ng v tun th theo chi c quc gia v pht tri n it tc rc s lo i b.
Gi nh rng (v c v t c kh ) rc khng ti p nh n ch t th i cng nghi p nguy h i c th ng dn trong Thn t lin tch s 01/2001/TTLT-BKHCNMT-BXD ngy 18 thng , ng d nh v b o v ng trong l a ch a m, xy d ng v v n hnh bi chn l p ch t th i r , : - L %, : +P + -30 cm;
66
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Khi trnh quan tr 3.9 PH
rc, Phng Ti nguyn ng Huy n ph i l m b o rng l p ph cui cng vn cn nguyn v n. I N N NG N NG NH N H
cc yu c l c v nng cao nh n th c t n 2025. Cc chi ph ngh c vi c xy d ng cc nhm Truy ng t t c cc c p trong Huy n khi kinh ph D n Cp nc v V sinh. T , khi ch , h n ch , ng s c duy tr nh nh t c trong nh u tin. 3.9.1 B i c nh Chi c c B o v m ng thu c S T ng c a t u trch nhi m v ho ng truy ng t nh. V qu n l hnh chnh, Chi c c B o v mi tr ng k t h p v i UBND huy n qu n l mi tr ng trn a bn huy n. Phng Ti nguyn v Mi tr ng thu c UBND huy n tr c ti p qu n l, th c hi n cc ho ng b o v mi tr ng v t ch c th c hi n cc ho t ng truy n thng t i cc th tr n v x. Tuy nhin, nh ng ho ng ch gi i h n cc bu i hp xung quanh nh ng s ki c bi t (v d T t) v c nh ng m c tiu c a vi c nng cao nh n th c c ng v nh ng l do sau: - Ngn sch cho ho ng th p, mc d mi Huy n c 1% ngn sch ng b o v ; c g ng sng-lm vi T , c dng cho vi c thu gom rc v cc ho ng x l. ng n
- Ngu n nhn l c sn sng cho vi c th c hi n cc ho ng truy n thng mi ng l h n ch ngu n nhn l n t Phng Ti nguyn v Mi ng Huy , ng v x. - Nh ng nhn vin ny c ki n th c h n ch v truy ; c bi t ng v i cc nhn vin c p x. 3.9.2 P v c thnh l p (xem ch u trch ng v qu n
Ban qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy n v cc nhm cng tc s 4. T p Ban qu n l ch t th i r n huy n)

67
nhi m v mi m n cng tc tri n khai th c hi n Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy n. D i Ban qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy n s nhi u nhm cng tc. Mi nhm cng tc ph trch m c qu n l ch t th i r n c th c a huy n (bao g m CTR cng nghi p, CTR y t , CTR nng nghi p, thu gom v v n chuy n CTR sinh ho t, x l CTR h u c t i ngu n, xy d ng bi chn l p,...). Ban qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy u phi v gim st ho ng c a cc nhm cng tc. Qu n l m c qu n l ch t th i r n c th c th bao g m nhi u ho ng, nh l nng cao nh n th c cho m t nhm m c tiu c th (v d , nhm cng tc ph n l CTR cng nghi ch c cc ho ng nng cao nh n th c cho nhm m p cng nghi ), cho t t c cc ho ng v thu gom ph, thu gom/v n chuy n/x l m t lo i rc c th (v d , nhm cng tc ph n l CTR cng nghi u trch nhi m b o CTR cng nghi c phn lo i, ti s d ng, ti ch , thu gom, v n chuy n v/hoc x l theo lu t nh). D n C p n c v V sinh t nh cng v i t nh s h tr cho Ban qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy cc nhm cng tc thng qua cc ho ng pht tri n t gi n gi T u tin (gi - 2012) s h tr cho cng tc kh ng v cc nhi m v u c a Ban qu n l ch t th i r n huy n v cc nhm cng tc m i thnh l p thng qua h ng dn t i ch c th c hi n bi cc chuyn gia v qu n l ch t th i r c bi i v i cc nhm cng tc, s cung c o, h ng dn v phn tch tr ng h p, phn tch cc bn c lin quan v phn tch qu , u ny l c s cho cng tc l p k ho ch v l p d tr kinh ph sau ny cho m c qu n l ch t th i r n c th c a cc nhm cng tc. n th hai (2013 gi ) ng pht tri cc a i s c ti p t c h ng dn (nh ng t t p trung h n), nh trnh by trong Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy n, v d a vo nh t nn , o k thu c th c hi n theo cc nhu c u c th c a cc nhm cng tc. 3.9.3 N nh nng cao nhn th c 2012 - 2014
i s qu n l c a BQLDA T nh, Chi c c BVMT c a S T T c th c hi n m n th c (CTNCNT) cho n V T n n 2014 2011. Nhm m c tiu c a ny bao g c ng v hc sinh ng ti u h ng ph . Vi c nng cao nh n th c l p k ho ch r t chi ti t trong ti li u CTNCNT n th c cho huy n An Quy ho ngh rng:
68
- Vi c nng cao nh n th c ph c th c hi n h u h t cc khu v qu TR c s c thi t l p.
thng
- Cc thnh vin c a nhm truy n thng ph c b sung thnh vin c a nhm thu gom rc th , nh i ny c th h p tc trong cc ho ng truy n thng v qu n l ch t th i r n c p c ng. - Bn c nh m c tiu chung c a CTNCNT, cc m c tiu ring ph : + Nng cao s h % n 50%. + Nng cao s h trnh b u. + Gi m t n s tiu h y + V vi c x l rc h l ch t th i, cc ph l m t ph n trng tm + + ng ch t th i h c ch v thu gom rc th i, v d ph cho d ch v thu gom rc ch t th i b t h p php trong c ng. t c th
i ngu n l m t ph n quan trng c a quy ho ch qu n ph i kha hu n luy i Truy n thng Mi t ti n. ch v thu gom ch t th i y t . .
- K ho ng c a m i Truy n thng ph c chun b c . Mi c ng ph nh nhu c u c a mnh d a trn ti p c n c nhanh c ng, k ho ng c ng v i cch ti p c n tham gia. Cc cng c tr cc v c n ph c s d ng. - Ngoi h thng ki c thi t k bi c p T nh v Huy n, mi i Truy n thng c n ph i c k t qu c u ch nh k ho 3.9.4 Chi c v m c tiu gi m nh vi c thi u h t ngn sch v nhn vin lnh ngh c p Huy n trong truy , t n d ng h t cc ngu n l c sn thng qua D n Cp nc v V sinh , c c v truy n thng a trn nh ng cn nh c sau: hnh l p i Truy ng ch cht trong cc th tr , ng hc. Nh i ny s c hu n luy n cc nguyn t c truy n ng v qu n l ch t th i r c kh ch c v th c hi n cc ho ng ny, v i m ph i c kh ch c cc ho ng qu n l ch t th i r n trong th tr , ng hay x c a h.
- Cc nhm ch cht s c hu n luy n v ki n th c v truy n thng mi ng v qu n l ch t th i r n b n v ng, cc gi gi m b t rc t i bi

69
rc, c
t ch c v th c hi n ho ng.
ng truy
ng c p
- Cc th tr , ng hc ph i thi t l p v th c hi n cc k ho ch truy n thng ring c a mnh v cc v ch t th i c cc m c tiu c a Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n. - Vi c c i thi n cc d ch v qu n l ch t th i r n trong huy n, th tr n v x s c gim st hng qu, h t cch thch h p. Cc ch s cs d so snh ti th c t v i cc m c tiu c a Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n, l h c d ch v thu gom rc, t l h ph thu gom rc, v t l h x l rc h i nh. - Trong 2012-2014, ngu n ngn sch s d a trn ngn sch c a D n Cp nc v V sinh . Trng tm s i ch cht. Trong nt , trng tm s l duy tr cc ho ng hi , gi m b t cc yu c u v ti chnh. , ngu n ngn sch t ng Sng-lm vi c ph kh cc ho ng c n thi t c a d n. 3.9.5 u t ch c v thc hi n y c :
c p huy n i Truy th tr n/x Ban QLDA (2012 2014)
m b o vi c t quy t v t c u t ch ngh
i Truy
i Truy n thng M
Chi c c BVMT
,
S VHTT c p T nh
thu gom rc
ng Truy n thng MT c pc ng
ng Truy n thng MT ng hc
Ng i thu gom rc H Hc sinh Ghi ch: S VHTT: S V T n ny s th c hi n t i c p t nh) Quan h tr c ti p Quan h gin ti p (h tr /cho l i khuyn/qu ng b) Ng i bn h
70
Cc ngu n l c v ch v 1 i Truy n thng Mi ng c p huy n
: Trch nhi m Ch u trch nhi m v qu n l u phi ho ng truy ng c p huy n. Ph duy t k ho ch ho ng v h tr ngn sch/cng c ti n/ti li u cho ho ng truy n ng. ng cc m c tiu chnh xc cho t ng khu v c, t ng th i gian cho cc nhm truy n thng ng th tr n, x d a trn k ho c ph duy t (hay u ch nh trong qu trnh th c hi n). T ch c c cho cc nhm ch cht v QLCTR truy n thng. T n 2012 - 2014 Ban QLDA v Chi c c BVMT s tr c ti p h tr thu t. T 2015 2025 cc nhm s t qu n l v th c hi n thng ng Snglm vi c c a Huy n v s n c a Chi c c BVMT. Tham gia vo c c t ch c bi huy n. H p tc v i cc nhm truy n ng (TTMT) cc xm/thn/t dn ph) thi t l p m t k ho ng hng truy ng v trnh cho huy ph duy t. Cung c p ti li u/cng c truy n thng/ngn sch cho cc ho t ng TTMT t i c ng. T an 2012 2014 s t ch c hu n luy n v QLCTR, n thng cho c ng cc nhm TTMT.
71
Thnh vin L T ng Phng T ng Chuyn vin Phng Ti ng Huy n Cn b H i Ph n Huy n Cn b T Huy n Cn b H i Nng dn Huy n. Nhn vin Phng Gio d c Huy n. (6 thnh vin)
i Truy n thng Mi ng c p th tr n/x
- L o c a UBND th tr n.x, ch u trch nhi m ng nhm - Cn b u trch nhi m v ho ng Mi ng - Thnh vin H i Ph n - T T nin - Thnh vin H i C u chi n binh - Thnh vin H i Nng dn - (6 7 thnh vin)
i Truy n thng Mi ng c p ng hc
i Truy n thng Mi ng t i c p c ng
Trch nhi m - H p tc/h tr cc nhm TTMT c ng th c hi n ho t ng TTMT d a trn k ho ch c ph duy t, - T ch c cu c hp hng qu v i TT T xem l i ti n trnh th c hi n d a trn k ho ch gim st v cc ch th chi ti u ch nh k ho ng cho ph h p. - Tham gia vo c s c t ch c bi huy n. - H p tc v i cc hi ng ng h xy d ng k ho ch TT T huy ph duy t. - Cung c p ti li u/cng c truy n thng/ngn sch cho cc ho t ng TTMT trong l p hc. -T an 2012 2014 s t ch c hu n luy n v QLCTR, n thng cho hi ng ng. - H p tc v i v h tr cc gio vin trong vi c th c hi n ho t ng TTMT d a trn k ho ch t. - Xem xt l i mi qu v i hi u ng v ti n trnh c trnh d a trn k ho ch hnh ng v cc ch th chi ti u ch nh cho ph h p. -T c v L TR, n thng mi ng c t ch c bi th tr n/x. -T ng/sng ki n c a c ng v h p tc v i nhm ch cht TTMT t i th tr xy d ng k ho ng truy ng t i thn/xm c a h.
72
Thnh vin
i di n c a ban gim hi ng hc. - Gio vin ch u trch nhi m v phong tro - Gio vin t ng ti u hc: d y nh c v m thu t. Gio vin t i ng c p hai: d y gio d c cng dn v sinh hc
lm vi c v ng ng , cc thnh vin c i s linh ho t. D a trn tnh hnh c a t ng khu v m i nh i c th i n ho t ng ny. Tuy nhin, cc thnh vin ch
i Truy n thng Mi ng t i c p ng hc
Trch nhi m - Th c hi n truy n thng m i ng t i thn/xm. Truy n thng chnh s l: t ch c hp t th o lu n v i c ng vi c c i thi n QLCTR hi n c c ng c a h; ng vin, n v gi i thch v thi c i thi n QLCTR hi : ch v thu gom, tr , rc , phn lo i rc t i nh, x l rc h i nh bng cc n. - Ghi nh n thng tin/s li u, con s c th v i nhm ch ch gim st ti n trnh th c hi n c a cc ho ng truy n thng mi ng. -T c v L TR, ng c t ch c b ng hc. - H p tc v i nhm ch ch thi t l p ho ng TTMT cho ng hc. - Th c hi n ho ng TTMT cc l p h TT T chnh s l: d y hc sinh c thi vi c tiu h y rc, t ch c m t s ho ng c th cho h phn lo i rc t ng; x l rc th c phm, l cy ng bng n u ki n c a t ng ng); t ch c cu c thi cho hc sinh v ki n th c v - Ghi nh n s li u/thng tin, con s h p tc v i nhm ch cht gim st ti n trnh th c hi n truy ng.
Thnh vin cht ph c d a trn t ch c qu n chng hi n h u v nhn vin chnh quy n : - Thnh vin ban qu n l thn. - L o t dn. - Chi nhnh H i Ph n T - Chi nhnh H i Nng dn - Chi nhnh H i C u chi n binh - Nh i tnh nguy n sn sng tham gia vo ho ng truy n ng. - Cng nhn thu gom rc c ng. V ng ti u hc, nhm s bao g m t t c gio vin (mi gio vin s ch u trch nhi m v m t l p). V ng c p hai, nhm s bao g m c hi ng c th tch h p mn ny vo nh ng bu i hp ng xuyn hay t ch c cc ho t ng ngo i kha.
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3.9.6 Nng cao nhn th c thng qua ruy
ruyn thng
i chng
i chng l m t knh truy n thng quan trng ph bi n l n hon h thu ht s ch c i dn. Qu ng co trong truy n vi c gio d c m i v cc v ch t th i r n v lm h i hnh vi ph h p v i Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n. Trng tm s l v y vi c x l t i ngu n rc h , thu gom v t m quan trng c a vi c chi tr cc ph thu gom rc. Ba knh truy n thng ph c s d ng l bo ch, truy n thanh v truy n hnh. Trong 2012 2014, Ban QLDA T nh nn k h ng v i Chi c c BVMT th c hi n nh ng ho ng ny; Chi c V T t mnh k cc h p ng ring v i m t s knh truy n thng sau cho ph h p: Ch nh; nh; nh. cho truy n thng ph i bao g m :
- Gi i thi u cc ho ng c a d n hng qu; - Gi i thi u cc cng ngh n x l rc h nh ng ru ; - Nh ng kha c nh th c t c a h thng thu gom ch t th i r n; - T m quan trng c a vi c chi tr ph thu gom rc; - Gi i thi u cc kha c av h thng qu n l ch t th i r n nh. V i vi c truy n thng thng qua truy n hnh, nn qu ng co nh ng hnh vi tt thng qua m t s n thng ng s c th c hi n trong sut c ng s n phim s khi i dn ti p t c theo di. C nh v k ch b n ph c l p cho m c cn i c nhi u y u t ng c a din vin l ng c c BVMT ph i k h p ng v i cng ty truy n hnh c a t i m t th m nh nh trong ngy khi bi t r r i dn s xem knh truy a V , th m pht song c th l vo bu i t th i s hay trong th i gian ngh gi a m t b phim. c s n xu t ph V phn phi cho nh ng tnh nguy n vin, th tr , , ng hc v cc t ch li u h tr truy n thng. Nh n video ny sau c c th c chi u trong cc cu c hp, bu i hu n hay h i th o t ng hc v/hoc cho cc t ch c. Vi c
74
ny t
u ki n cho m t s ,
i khng xem truy n hnh c th ti p c n v i
nh s ph i ch u trch nhi m v phn pht sng cc tin t n qu n l ch t th i r t ph n trch nhi m c a nng cao nh n th ng. Thnh ph n ny s c thi t l p trong th c t cho ton t nh bng h thng pht sng cng c ng c a t nh. 3.9.7 Cc yu c c i thi n hu gom rc
y ban Nhn dn t
m b o r i dn s d h th c m r , m b o h chi tr cc ph thu gom rc, c n c m gio d c lin t c. C u c th c trnh Nng cao Nh n th c m t trong 3.9.2 i c c a Huy c cung c p ti chnh thng qua cc ngn sch c a T nh v Huy c cung c c cho vi c qu ) trnh nh n th c ny ph i ti p c n v i t t c cc bn lin quan, bao g m h , , p. N n t ng n th c : i s ch oc i Truy ng c p th tr n , i Truy ng c p c ng s m b o rng nh n th c nng cao trong kh p c ng v h thng thu gom rc m i, bao g m cch th c t thu gom, gi thu gom, vi c tr ph thu gom rc, t m quan trng c a vi c khng x rc.... i Truy ng c em v t m quan trng c a vi c x n ph huynh v nh nh t c th h thng thu gom rc m i. 3.9.5) s 3.9.8 Cng c ng hc s nng cao nh n th c c a tr ng c s d ng tt (xem
thng qua truy i chng nng cao nh n th c c i dn ni chung. i ch i ngu n
Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n yu c u 15% t ng dng ch t th i r n sinh ho t pht sinh, rc h , c x l t i ngu cc th tr n v y 30% u ny i cc cng ngh trong 2.1.3, bao g m compost rc ch , s d ng cc thng nhi t h n xu i nh ng ru m b o rng nh c th c hi n thnh cng , Huy n n l c lin t c nng cao nh n th c v gio d c. , u quan trng l cc d n trnh din ph c th c hi n theo s ch o c a Nhm Qu n l D n c a Huy rng cc cng ngh c
75
th c th c hi n thnh cng c cc th tr n v cc x. Thng qua cc d n trnh din, nh i c trch nhi m s hc hi (bng , n) cch c th th c hi n nh l ny. N l c ny ph v h tr compost v s n xu i nh ng ru t s h tr lin t c t t c cc c p qu n l trong Huy n th c hi n v duy tr vi c v n hnh thng nhi c ph i th c hi mb o v v n hnh thnh cng thng nhi t bao g m: is c i Truy i Truy ng c p c gia d ng cc thng ng c p th tr n/x, ng s cung c p thng tin v h tr h nhi t.
i Truy ng c ng hc s nng cao s quan tm c a tr em v x l rc h i ngu n v cung c p cho cc em vn hi u bi t s quan tm v cc thng nhi xu t. truy i chng c p t nh (xem i dn ni chung. cc th tr n v x cng trnh lm phn ng h p ny quan trng l ph i: n v chi ph th p. i ngu n.
- Vi c pht sng thng qua 3.9.5) s nng cao nh n th c c th hai compost quy m nh t i ch , t - Chn cng ngh thch h p, v - Phn lo i rc c th ti ch , rc h
- Ban Qu n l ch tn thnh v ng ny v cung c t phn compost hay ch a rig rc h S , c th gip t ch c nh i nht rc t i ch thnh m ; c cho php lm vi c trong khu v qu n l v v n hnh cng trnh compost. T , i Truy ng c p th tr n/x c th chnh quy n Huy n trong vi c thnh l p cc cng trnh quy m nh. i nht rc (hay nh ng i khc) th c hi n , chnh c p th tr n/x :
Cui cng, c th c k ho s n xu t th i nh ng ru quy n Huy i Truy
- Cung c p thng tin v cch th c hi n s n xu i nh ng ru - t trang thi t b . - H tr t i Truy m b o rng rc h thu gom t cc h , , - H tr vi c bn nh ng.
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3.9.9 P
c v hu n luy n trong Huy n
Huy n s c n s h tr chuyn mn v Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n ny vo ho ng. D 110 ngy lm vi c c a cc chuyn c cho Huy n trong 2 n 2014. Chuyn mn ny c th cs d u th u trang thi t b , tr gip d n trnh din, cho vi c hu n luy n nhn s Huy n v nh n vi c qu n l ch t th i r , tr vi c hon thnh h thng qu n l ch t th i r n m i. 3.9.10 Chi ph ca cc c 2012 2025 Chi ph c c v nng cao nhn th c
c m t trong ph
c tnh
77
B ng 3.29 Chi ph h
H ng
nng cao nh n th c Huy

2011 (9 S l ng tr n/x ) Chi 2012 (9 S l ng 50 10 1 252200 80000 40000 40000 80000 40000 40000 40000 20000 20000 45000 7200 255600 45000 135000 75600 189000 45000 90000 54000 696800 0 4500 5000 40000 0 tr n/x ) Chi 315000 225000 50000 40000 92200 0
)
2013 (6 x mi) 2014 S l ng 30 6 4500 5000 Chi 165000 135000 30000 0 97200 0 T ng cng 2015-2025 (Chi ng 2011 - 2014 ) S Chi l ng 645000
S l ng 30 6 4500 5000
Chi 165000 135000 30000 0 237200 80000 40000 40000 80000 40000 40000 40000 20000 20000 30000 7200 291000 75000 90000 126000 225000 75000 60000 90000 918200
1 H tr chuyn mn y thut m chuyn gia T i li u t p hu n chi a c c d n nh din 2 P t tri i cng c ch t c p Huy n 2.1 Tp hu n/hi o c p Huy n V i cht c p tr n/ V i cht c p tr ng 2.2 Chia e kinh nghi m V i cht c p tr n/ V i cht c p tr ng 2.3 Hi o t ng k t V i cht c p tr n/ V i cht c p tr ng 2.4 Cng tuyn truyn 2.5 P n ( n vn chuyn/ n c) i ch t huy n (6 ngi) 3 Thc hi n nng cao nhn th c c ng Xy d ng k ch H tr c ng c ng ( tr n/ ) n ( n v n chuy n/ n c) a i cht huy n (7 ng i/ tr n/ ) 4 Thc hi n nng cao nhn th c i trng c Xy d ng k ch Ho tr c ng a tr ng c ( tr n/ ) n ( n v n chuy n/ n c) T ng cng
L n L n L n L n L n L n
2 2 2 2 1 1 9 6
20000 20000 20000 20000 20000 20000 5000 1200
2 2 0 2 2 1 1 9 6 20000 20000 5000 1200 40000 20000 20000 45000 7200 255600 45000 135000 75600 189000 45000 90000 54000 851800 1 1 6 6
20000 20000 20000 20000 20000 20000 5000 1200
1 1 6 6
30000 30000 5000 1200
60000 30000 30000 30000 7200 291000 75000 90000 126000 225000 75000 60000 90000 778200
678800 160000 80000 80000 160000 80000 80000 180000 90000 90000 150000 28800 1093200 240000 450000 403200 828000 240000 300000 288000 3245000
7200 0
1200
0 7200 201000 75000 126000 165000 75000 90000 373200
L n L n L n L n L n L n
9 9 9
5000 15000 8400
9 9 9
5000 15000 8400
15 6 15 6 15 6 15
5000 15000 8400
15 6 15
5000 15000 8400
15 15
5000 8400
9 9 9
5000 10000 6000
9 9 9
5000 10000 6000
5000 10000 6000
15 6 15
5000 10000 6000
15 15
5000 6000
78
B ng 3.30 Chi ph cho c

(trch t file excel "cc ho ng pht tri c 2011- SEM2" Thnh l p Ban qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy n v cc nhm cng tc t i 4 huy n nh quy trnh h ng dn cho cc nhm cng tc Th c hi n v theo di quy trnh h ng dn
pht
2011 6.200 T ng d C s tnh ton
(Euro)
8.340 34.000 T 2012 48.540 c u vo (nhn l c + ti chnh) t pha t nh 5 nhm cng tc x 100 EUR/t v n/ngy x 8 ngy/thng x 12 thng 30 EUR/cu c hp x 4 huy n x 5 nhm cng tc x 12 thng 58.080 c u vo (nhn l c + ti chnh) t pha t nh (1 ban + 6 nhm) cng tc x 100 EUR/t v n/ngy x 3 ngy/thng x 12 thng k thu t, qu n l d n, lnh o,... o cho 1 nhm cng tc x 5 nhm cng tc ) 25 h o x 100 EUR/ng i/kha 30 EUR/cu c hp x 4 huy n x 1 ban & 5 nhm cng tc x 12 thng 47.780 ph u vo (nhn l c + ti chnh) do pha t nh, huy n cung c p 30 EUR/cu c hp x 4 huy n x 1 ban & 5 nhm cng tc x 12 thng
H ng dn cc nhm cng tc (ph 48.000 t v n) Quy trnh h ng dn (hp/h i th o) 10.080 T 2013 Ti p t c h ng dn (t t p trung h n) 25.200
o k thu t
12.500
Quy trnh h
ng dn (hp/h i th o)
10.080 T 2014
10.080 T ng (2011 2014) 164.480
Chi ph ny bao g m: H ng v h ng dn huy n v l p k ho ch v th c thi (2

79
); Ph c T
t ch c cc cu c hp c a cc nhm cng tc; huy c t p kinh nghi m; o k thu t cho thnh vin c a cc nhm cng tc hoc c t p hu n;
cho c
)
n vi n gia
i t .
ng c n
B ng 3.31 T
V
TT Chng trinh 1 ai truyn hinh 1.1 Tin tc trn truyn hinh 1.2 San xut video clip 1.3 Phat song video clip 2 ai phat thanh 2.1 Tin tc phat thanh Bai bao ky thut (lam compost, 2.2 quan ly CTR bn vng) 3 Bao chi 3.1 Trang tin tc 3.2 Bai bao ky thut (lam compost) 4 Phat hanh DVD Total
pht
Ln video clip Ln Ln Bai bao Bai bao Bai bao ia
Tng Hang nm (2015 - 2025) 2012- 2014 S Tng chi Tng chi Tng chi Tng chi S lng S lng S lng lng phi phi phi phi 284000 284000 284000 852000 284000 400 10 4000 10 4000 10 4000 12000 10 4000 2012 2013 2014 1 90 4 4 2 2 100000 180000 9600 1600 8000 4800 800 4000 50000 348400 1 90 4 4 2 2 10000 10000 100000 180000 9600 1600 8000 4800 800 4000 50000 348400 1 90 4 4 2 2 10000 10000 100000 180000 9600 1600 8000 4800 800 4000 50000 348400 300000 540000 28800 4800 24000 14400 2400 12000 150000 1045200 1 90 4 4 2 2 10000 10000 100000 180000 9600 1600 8000 4800 800 4000 50000 348400
100000 2000 400 2000 400 2000
5 10000
trn, kho ng 5 t V h tr n 2014 khi quy ho c trnh nng cao nh n th c x p x 3,3 t V th c c ng v i kho ng 1 t V ch S , 370 tri V pht sng cng c ng Huy n 350 tri u V . D n C c v V ngn chi tr h t nh ng chi ph ny, nn ng .
t n ng. x px c bn ngn sch Mi
80
HNG 4 K HO CH THC HIN

4 1 GII HI H NG Huyn
h Quy hoch qun l cht thi n c
h :
- Xy d ng Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n; - Thnh l p Trung tm Ti nguyn - Thnh l i Truy - Ban hnh cc quy ; ng; ng;
nh c n thi t bi chnh quy n v cho php cc ho
i v i khu qu n l ch t th i r n sinh ho t t i ngu n: m b o (1) gi m thi u pht th i t i ngu n bng cch ti s d ng v ti ch , lm phn compost t i ,, ) i b i gian v t , ) i gy nhim tr ph cho thu gom v v n chuy n rc;
- C i thi n h thng thu gom v v n chuy n ch t th i r n sinh ho t b u cc trang thi t b thu gom v v n chuy n rc c ch ng t mb o y cho cc khu v c ph c v ; - Gi m thi ng d ng bi chn l p h p v sinh hi ng t i; m b o ch t th i ly nhi c thu nh c a B Y t ; bi rc v/hoc s
i v i h thng qu n l ch t th i y t , gom t t t c cc ngu n v x l
i v i qu n l ch t th i r n cng nghi p, m b o rng ton b cc ch t th c x l ph h p trong ph m vi khun vin c pht sinh ch t th i. H NG H NH
4.2
th c hi n thnh cng Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn c a Huyn, m t lo t cc ho ng ph c ti n hnh trong i. Cc ho c trnh by trong . 4.2.1 Thnh lp Ban qu n l ch t th i rn ca Huy n Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n s c thnh l p tr c thu c ban Nhn dn Huy n. Ban ny s ch u trch nhi m v th c hi n Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn c a Huyn. Theo d ki n, cc
81
c thnh l p th c thi , lm phn compost t i ngu n v bi chn l p h p v sinh. Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n ph i bao g m t t c cc bn lin quan, g m c ban Nhn dn Huy n (ch tr), Phng Qu , Phng Kinh t H t ng, T ng, (cc) cng ty qu n l ch t th i, cc khu cng nghi p v c m cng nghi p, t c a Huy n, cc b nh vi n, Ban Qu n l cc c m cng nghi p lng ngh , chnh quy n th tr n, chnh quy ng, S Gio d c, H i Ph n v Ban Q . c s Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n s ch u trch nhi mb thu nh p v ngn thi t l p v v n hnh h thng qu n l ch t th i r n m t cch b n v ng. Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n l trung tm mb o cc bn lin quan v m c tiu chung l c i thi n h thng qu n l ch t th i r n trong Huy n. nh khi cc bn khng th thng nh t v phn cng trch nhi m v cc gnh nng kinh ph. Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy p di s h p tc cht ch gi a cc v t o di tham gia. Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n thnh l p cc nhm c ng tc ch u trch nhi m v cc n i dung c th ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n. Nh cc n ng bao g m: C p kinh ph cho cc ho ng v thu ph; X l ch t th i h i ngu n; Thu gom v v n chuy n ch t th i; Bi chn l p h p v sinh; Ch t th i cng nghi p; Ch t th i y t ; Truy n thng nng cao nh n th c v c cc c nhn lin h
c. c giao nhi m v c p th
Nh ng nhm cng tc tr n hoc x.
Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n s gim st vi c th c hi n h thng qu n l ch t th i r n trong giai n theo trong qu trnh v n hnh h thng ny. Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n s m b o t t c cc an s th c hi n cc ho ng c a mnh m t cch thu n l i. V v y m hnh chnh (th tr n/x) s c m t nhm hay ti u ban c p c a mnh v bo co cho Ban c p Huy n. ti p nh n cc bo co t ton b cc b ph n, cho php gim st ti u ch nh b t c khi no cc ho ho ch m b ch m ti n hoc hi n ho ho ch. Nh c quan trng c n s quan tm cht ch t pha Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n bao g m:
82
mb ot l ch t th i t i ngu n s d ng Toptex, thng nhi t v thng sinh h c v ho n; m b o cc trang thi t b thu gom ch t th c mua s m theo cch hi u qu nh t c th ; c phn phi cng bng gi a cc x, th tr n v cc cng ty qu n l ch t th i; m b o bi chn l p h p v u th u minh b ; gim st cht ch vi c xy d ng c a nh th c l a chn; v sau cng khi bi chn l p h p v sinh sn sng ho ng, Ban ny ph m b o r u qu c thi t l p c th v n hnh bi chn l p m t cch hi u qu , m b o cc bn lin quan c a Huy n nh nguyn khi c n thi t; v c s tr gip t Trung tm ti
- Gim st ton b n thng v nng cao nh n th m b o hi u qu n. V d , x l ch t th i h i ngu n d ki n, nng cao nh n th c v c trong dn chng v nh ng bn lin quan khc. 4.2.2 Thnh lp Trung tm ti nguyn Trung tm Ti nguyn (TTTNR) c ki n ngh thnh l p c p t nh. Trung tm ny c th c thnh l i m t s hi n h u, h p l l S Xy d ng hoc S T ng. N u khng, T ng c th c thnh l t t ch c l p. TTTNR s c c p kinh ph t nhi u nh ti tr , t o ra l i t c v h tr t Chnh ph Vi t Nam. Trung tm s c nhn l h tr vi c cung c p nh ng d ch v ch y u bao g n l ch t th i r n: H tr k thu t trong cc h thng qu n l ch t th i; V t trung tm nghin c u v trnh din; T o k t ni gi c qu n l ch t th i; c tn d ng cacbon (CDM) o v h i cho ton b Cung c p d ch v o.
c qu l ch t th i;
TTTNR s ph c v t trung tm ki n th c, cung c p k trong nh c p trn. Trung tm s v c t nh. Trung tm ny s n l c d ch v v i hc, vi n nghin c u v nh ng t ch c n n t ng ki n th c v cng vi c c a mnh.
ph c . Trung tm c ng
83
4.2.3
T i c p t nh, Chi c c BVMT l c quan gim st chung cng tc nng cao nh n th c v qu TR i v i t ng lo i hnh qu n l CTR c th (qu n l CTR cng nghi p, qu n l CTR y t , x l CTR h u c t i ngu n, thu gom v v n chuy n CTR sinh ho t, xy d ng v v n hnh bi chn l p, qu n l CTR nng nghi p), Chi c c BVMT h ng dn, h tr v gim st cc nhm cng tc c p huy n thu c Ban qu n l ch t th i r n c a huy n. Chi c c B o v mi tr ng s phi h p v i t t c cc nhm cng tc v cc s ban ngnh c lin quan c p t nh: i v i cng tc t ch o v nng cao nh n th n CTR cng nghi p, Chi c c BVMT phi h p v i S Khoa hc v Cng ngh v nhm cng tc huy n ph n l CTR cng nghi ; i v i cng tc t ch o v nng cao nh n th Chi c c BVMT phi h p v i S Y t v nhm cng tc huy n ph CTR y t ; n CTR y t , n l
i v i cng tc t ch o v nng cao nh n th n CTR nng nghi p, Chi c c BVMT phi h p v i S NN&PTNT v nhm cng tc huy n ph u n l CTR nng nghi ; i v i cng tc t ch o v nng cao nh n th n CTR sinh ho t, Chi c c BVMT c th ti p t c tri n khai th c hi n chi c nng cao nh n th n 2010-2014 c a d n n u k t qu n th m l tt. V v y, Chi c c BVMT phi h p v i Nhm h tr d n huy n c thnh l p trong khun kh c a d n) nhm ny s phi h p v i nhm cng tc huy n ph l CTR h u c t i ngu i nhm cng tc huy n ph T n chuy n CTR sinh ho ; i v i cng tc t ch o v nng cao nh n th n xy d ng v v n hnh bi chn l p, Chi c c BVMT phi h p v i nhm cng tc huy n ph ng v v n hnh bi chn l ) i nng cao
Cc nhm cng tc ny s c c ng tc vin hoc (n u ph h nh n th c ch nh t i c p x/th tr n.
V n l c nng cao nh n th c chung cho nhi c qu n l ch t th i r n (CTR y t , CTR cng nghi p, CTR nng nghi p, x l CTR h u c t i ngu n, thu gom v v n chuy n, xy d ng v v n hnh bi chn l p), nn t cc th s c cc ch ng trnh nng cao nh n th c khc nhau. Ngo i tr nhm cng tc ph l CTR h u c t i ngu n tc ph n chuy , t c d ng v th c thi k ho ch nng cao nh n th c c a nhm mnh.
84
u c n xy
l CTR h u c t i ngu n chuy p t c th c hi n chi n l c nng cao nh n th c c a d n v k ho ch cho giai o n 2010-2014, nh trnh by c th bn d i. m b o tnh b n v ng cho ch ng trnh nng cao nh n th c sau khi d n C p n c v V sinh t nh k t thc, Chi c c B o v mi tr ng v UBND cc huy n c n ph a k ho ch v d tr kinh ph nng cao nh n th c vo K ho ch pht tri n kinh t - x h i. 4.2.4 compost h i h v s n xu t phn
ng ch t th i h compost), nh ng ho i vi ch t th i ch
c ti s d ng v ti ch n ph i :
- T ch c cc m hnh trnh din t i m t ch ch ng minh rng ti s d ng ch t th i h s n xu t phn compost n, mang l i nhu n ngay c quy m nh; - Tm di n tch s c phn compost t p trung t ch t th i h - B uv im cng su t; ng ch t th i nh . ng g n khu v c lm a ch ; c kinh nghi m v n hnh v nng d n
- Hu n luy n cng nhn v n hnh h thng lm phn compost t rc ch ;
- M r ng m hnh ny b t c i vi cc h
- T ch c cc m hnh trnh din t i m t s h ti s d ng ch t th i h s n xu t phn compost l i nhu n, ngay c quy m h ; - T ch c truy n thng c - T ch c t p hu n cho cc h nhi t); - L p cc thng nh ng h - T ch c cc chi n d ch c - M r n nh ng khu v nhi t t i nh ng h ng v chun b ng d
ch ng minh rng c th n, mang ch dn k thu t;
n p d ng m hnh ny (thng c l a chn, gim st n hnh; y ho ng ny; , tc .
85
4.2.5 Thi t lp h th ng thu gom v vn chuyn ch t th i rn sinh ho t T , c i thi n h thng thu gom v v n chuy n ch t th i r n sinh ho t cho Huy n, cc ho ng sau s ph c th c hi n: nh c c n thi ph hay khng; u th u v mua s m xe 660 L v cc trang thi t b Huy n); m p sang th c p; i cc lo i ph thu gom rc th i hi n t i hay cch thu
- S p x p l i t ch c d ch v thu gom rc th i (n u c n thi t); , L, L, y tay c trnh by trong QHQLCTR c a
- T ch th -
c chuy n ti p t h thng thu gom ch t m n bi chn
u ch nh cc tuy n thu gom v v n chuy n rc (t l p);
- T 4.2.6 Xy d
o cc cng nhn thu gom rc, cng nhn v li xe v n chuy n rc. m tiu hy rc i th c ng ny bao g m
Thnh l p bi chn l p v sinh l m t qu trnh di v t , hi n nhi u ho ng khc nhau. ng n gn, cc ho nh m chnh sau: c ph chun v thi t k chi ti t v bi chn l p h p v sinh; nh gi t
ng m
ng c a
- T ch u th u xy d ng bi chn l p, mua s m trang thi t b v v n hnh v b ng bi chn l p; - Xy d ng cc chn l p v cc - V n hnh bi chn l 4.2.7 m b o ton b ch t th i y t h t ng h tr khc; ng bi chn l p; c thu gom v x l o cc cng nhn ch u trch nhi m v n hnh v b
Vi c c i thi n h thng qu n l ch t th i y t trong Huy n, v u ki n l m t h thng x c cc yu c u c a B Y t n sng v x l ch t th i ly nhim t cc ngu n l n. Cc ho ng sau c n : no pht sinh rc th i ly nhi c x l; - Quy nh ai s chi tr cho vi c x l ch t th c thu gom; h th nh trang thi t b c n thi t (ti nh a, thng, d ng c b o h ,);
86
- Mua s m cc trang thi t b c n thi t; o nhn vin c a cc tr m y t v phng khm; - Th c thi h thng. 4.2.8 C i thi n qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p Nhi m v u tin l , v cng nghi p pht sinh trong huy n hi n nay v xu t : v kh ng ch t th i c bi t r. Cc cng vi c
nh cc lo c tnh c a ch t th i cng nghi p pht sinh trong Huy n. - L p k ho ch qu n l ch t th i cng nghi nh. nh ai s chi tr cho vi c x l ch t th i cng nghi p. - Mua s m cc trang thi t b c n thi t. o t t c cc bn lin quan theo yu c u. - Th c thi h thng qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p. 4.3 I N H I H HIN H H
Vi c th c hi n K ho ng ny s b u vi c thnh l p Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n. Ban ny (hoc cc Nhm cl p Ban Qu n l) s c quy n h n c n thi ra quy nh, thi t l php l v ti chnh cho cc ho gim st vi c th c hi n h thng qu n l ch t th i r n cho rc sinh ho t, ch t th i y t v ch t th i cng nghi p. Th i gian cc ho ng ny c m t trong cc b ng 4 n 4.6.
B ng 4.1 Cc quy TT 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Ho ng nh thm quy n Thi gian ( / ) 01/ 2012 02/2012 03/2012 04/2012 1 - 12/2012 theo yu c u theo yu c u 2011 - 2015
Ph duy t Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n Thnh l p Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n Ph duy t ngn sch v thnh l p ti chnh cho h thng qu n l ch t th i r n Quy nh thnh l p Trung tm Ti nguyn S ib n php l (n u c n thi t hay theo yu c u) Ph duy t cc m hnh qu n l ch t th i r n theo yu c u Ph duy t mua s m Gim st vi c th c hi n t t c cc h thng
87
B ng 4.2 Thi t l p h thng thu gom v v n chuy n

TT
sinh ho t
Ho
2.1
2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7
Thi gian ( / ) Thnh l p nhm Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a 03/2012 Huy n ch u trch nhi m v vi c thu gom v v n chuy n rc sinh ho t. nh xem c c n m t bi u gi m i cho nh ng i t ng khc 02 - 04/2012 , , ch ,) nh chnh xc cc trang thi t b ph i mua 04/2012 Mua s m thng 240 L, L y tay 660 L 5 - 7/2012 Mua s m xe 5 - 7/2012 Mua s m trang thi t b c nhn cho cng nhn 5 - 7/2012 6 - 8/2012
ng
T ng m : L ng b sung s c n thi t song song v i vi c m r ng cc d ch v thu gom v vi c mua s m trang thi t b m i. 2.8 ot tc ng thu gom rc: T t c i , ng, li xe, ,) i o thch h p v hi u r h c n ph t yu c u trong cng vi c. 2.9 nh v tr p t thng ch a m . Quy nh y tay khi khng s d ng. 2.10 u ch nh cc tuy n thu gom/m hnh thu gom. Tuy n thu gom/th i gian ho ng m i cho xe rc ph c l p ph h p v i thu gom v ng m c gia 2.11 T nhn vin qu n l v v n hnh cc c p khc nhau: o t o nhn vin qu n l v v n hnh qu n l ch t th i r ng v v cc v c th lin quan i cc c ho ng khc nhau. 2.12 Ln k ho ch v th c hi n cc chi n d ch nng cao nh n th c c ng ng. Cc chi n d ch nng cao nh n th c ph c ln k ho ch v th c hi n song song v i c i thi n h thng thu gom rc. B ng 4.3 Cc ho
TT
6 - 8/2012
6 - 9/2012 6 - 12/2012
6 - 12/2012
2012 2016
ng
lm compost t i h
(
v Thi gian
/ ) 3/2012
Ho
ng
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
Thnh l p nhm Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n ch u trch nhi m v x l rc th i h i ngu n. Th c hi n d n trnh din trong Huy i Ban QLDA hi n t i) Chun b ng d ch dn cch v n hnh thng vi sinh a nhi t T ch c thng tin c i Truy n thng Mi ng T thng vi sinh a nhi t t i cc khu v cl a
88
3 - 12/2011 10 - 12/2011 2012-2013 1/2012 -
Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn TT
Ho
ng
(
Thi gian
/ )
chn. H tr 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.10
Chun b k ho tron Chun b d n h thng lm compost t rc ch v Mua s m cc trang thi t b c n thi t V n hnh h thng lm phn compost t rc ch M r ng h thng ra cc ch khc ng ph i th c hi
t v ti chnh cho cc h t qu cc thng vi sinh a nhi t m r ng m hnh lm phn compost ny ph duy t
12/2013 2012 2013 2014-2016

3 - 6 /2012 6 - 9/2012 10/2012
2013 - 2015
B ng 4.4 Cc ho TT 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Ho ng
thnh l p bi chn l p h p v sinh cho Huy n
Thi gian ( / ) Thnh l n l ch t th i r n c a 3/2012 Huy n ch u trch nhi m v vi c xy d ng bi chn l p h p v sinh u th u vi c thi t k bi chn l p h p v sinh m i 1 - 3/2012 c ph duy Hon ch c ph duy T ng T ) 3 - 6/2012 6 - 9/2012 9 - 10/2012 10 - 12/2012 1 - 12/2013 4 - 12 2013 12/ 2013
u th u xy d ng bi chn l p v sinh m i Xy d ng bi chn l p v u th u v mua s m trang thi t b bi chn l p
o nhn cng v n hnh v b ng bi chn l p thch h : o ph chn l t tiu h y ph h p, quan tr ng,...), o c th v v n hnh v b ng cc trang thi t b t pm i 4.10 Bi chn l p b u ti p nh n rc 4.11 B ng 4.5 Cc ho x l TT 5.1 5.2 5.3 Ho ng ng ph i th c hi m b o t t c ch t th i y t
1/2014 1 - 6/2014 c thu gom v
Thi gian ( / ) Thnh l n l ch t th i r n c a 3/2012 Huy n ch u trch nhi m v vi c qu n l ch t th i y t , m y t x,...) pht sinh ch t th i 4/2012 ly nhi c x l Quy nh ai s chi tr cho vi c x l ch t th c 5 - 6/2012
89
TT 5.4 5.5 5.6
Ho
ng
5.7
Ln k ho ch m t h th thi t (ti plastic, thng, d ng c b o h ,...) Mua s m cc trang thi t b c n thi t o nhn vin tr m y t v phng khm v vi , gi , x l v v n chuy n ch t th i ly nhi o v cch s d ng thch h p cc trang thi t b b o h . B u ti p nh n v x l ch t th i ly nhim t t t c cc ngu n ng ph i th c hi
Thi gian ( / ) nh trang thi t b c n 5 - 6/2012 7 - 8/2012 9/2012
10/2012
B ng 4.6 Cc ho TT 6.1 6.2 Ho ng
c i thi n vi c qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p ( Thi gian / ) 3/2011 5 - 9/2012
Thnh l n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n ch u trch nhi m v vi c qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p nh cc lo i v tnh ch t c a rc th i cng nghi p pht sinh trong Huy n. L p k ho ch qu i cng nghi N u c n thi , nh ai s chi tr cho vi c x l rc th i cng nghi p N u c n thi t, so n th o v trnh UBND Huy n ph duy t quy t nh m i v yu c , gi , x l v tiu h i v i ngu n pht sinh ch t th i cng nghi p Mua s m cc trang thi t b c n thi b oh , ,...) o nhn vin Huy n, nhn vin c m cng nghi p v nhn vin thu gom ch t th i cc quy trnh ph h i cc dng th i , , v n chuy n v tiu h Th c thi h thng qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p v cung c p h tr v gi i quy t b t c v no.
6.3 6.4
10 - 12/2012 10 - 12/2012
6.5 6.6
1/2013 2-4/2013
6.7
4 - 9/2013
K ho ch lm vi
c trnh by trong Ph l c D.
90
Ph l c A: B ng kh
ng rc
2010 2025
91
N c ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 c pht sinh (kg/ngy) 15.780 13.847 5.705 7.877 5.427 6.736 4.292 5.068 5.346 6.250 4.307 4.490 9.104 3.920 4.454 102.604 Bn cho % 15% 15% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Bn cho ti (kg/ngy) 2.367 2.077 571 788 543 674 429 507 535 625 431 449 910 392 445 11.742
2010 /lm compost % 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% /lm compost (kg/ngy) gom (%) 50% 50% 0% 15% 0% 0% 0% 0% 15% 15% 0% 15% 15% 0% 15% c thu gom (kg/ngy) 6.706 5.885 1.063 722 844 606 1.229 601 18.186
(N ) 17.533 17.308 11.411 15.755 10.853 13.472 8.583 10.136 10.693 12.500 8.614 8.981 18.208 7.841 8.908 180.797
cn (kg/ngy) 13.413 11.770 5.135 7.090 4.884 6.063 3.863 4.561 4.812 5.625 3.876 4.041 8.194 3.528 4.009 90.863
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
92
N c ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 c pht sinh (kg/ngy) 15.963 14.007 5.772 7.969 5.490 6.814 4.341 5.127 5.408 6.323 4.357 4.543 9.209 3.966 4.506 103.795 Bn cho ti % 15% 15% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Bn cho (kg/ngy) 2.394 2.101 577 797 549 681 434 513 541 632 436 454 921 397 451 11.878
2011 /lm % 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% /lm cn (kg/ngy) 13.568 11.906 5.194 7.172 4.941 6.133 3.907 4.614 4.867 5.690 3.921 4.088 8.289 3.569 4.055 91.917 thu gom (%) 50% 50% 0% 15% 0% 0% 0% 0% 15% 15% 0% 15% 15% 0% 15% c thu gom (kg/ngy) 6.784 5.953 1.076 730 854 613 1.243 608 18.397
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
(N ) 17.736 17.509 11.543 15.937 10.979 13.629 8.683 10.254 10.817 12.645 8.714 9.085 18.419 7.932 9.011
(kg/ngy)
L T T NG
93
N c ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 c pht sinh (kg/ngy) 16.148 14.170 5.839 8.061 5.553 6.893 4.392 5.186 5.471 6.396 4.407 4.595 9.316 4.012 4.558 104.999 Bn cho % 15% 15% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Bn cho (kg/ngy) 2.422 2.125 584 806 555 689 439 519 547 640 441 460 932 401 456 12.016
2012 /lm % 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% /lm cn (kg/ngy) 13.726 12.044 5.255 7.255 4.998 6.204 3.953 4.668 4.924 5.756 3.967 4.136 8.385 3.611 4.102 92.983 thu gom (%) 70% 70% 0% 30% 0% 0% 0% 0% 30% 30% 0% 30% 30% 30% 30% rc thu gom (kg/ngy) 9.608 8.431 2.177 1.477 1.727 1.241 2.515 1.083 1.231 29.490
(N ) 17.942 17.712 11.677 16.122 11.107 13.787 8.784 10.373 10.942 12.792 8.815 9.191 18.633 8.024 9.116
(kg/ngy)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
94
N ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 (N ) 18.150 17.918 11.813 16.309 11.236 13.947 8.886 10.493 11.069 12.940 8.917 9.297 18.849 8.117 9.222 pht sinh (kg/ngy) 16.335 14.334 5.906 8.155 5.618 6.973 4.443 5.247 5.535 6.470 4.459 4.649 9.424 4.058 4.611 106.217 B % 15% 15% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% B (kg/ngy) 2.450 2.150 591 815 562 697 444 525 553 647 446 465 942 406 461 12.155
2013 / compost % 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% / (kg/ngy) 12.251 10.751 4.725 6.524 4.494 5.579 3.554 4.197 4.428 5.176 3.567 3.719 7.540 3.247 3.689 83.440 thu gom (%) 70% 70% 0% 30% 0% 30% 0% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% thu gom (kg/ngy) 8.576 7.525 1.957 1.674 1.259 1.328 1.553 1.070 1.116 2.262 974 1.107 30.401
(kg/ngy) 1.634 1.433 591 815 562 697 444 525 553 647 446 465 942 406 461 10.622
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
95
N rc trn ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 B % 15% 15% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% B (kg/ngy) 2.479 2.175 597 825 568 705 449 531 560 655 451 470 953 411 466 12.296
2014 / % 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% / (kg/ngy) 11.567 10.150 4.481 6.187 4.262 5.291 3.371 3.981 4.199 4.909 3.383 3.527 7.150 3.079 3.498 79.035 thu gom (%) 70% 70% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% thu gom (kg/ngy) 8.097 7.105 1.344 1.856 1.279 1.587 1.011 1.194 1.260 1.473 1.015 1.058 2.145 924 1.049 32.398
(N ) 18.361 18.126 11.950 16.498 11.366 14.109 8.989 10.615 11.197 13.091 9.020 9.405 19.067 8.211 9.329
pht sinh (kg/ngy) 16.525 14.501 5.975 8.249 5.683 7.054 4.494 5.307 5.599 6.545 4.510 4.703 9.534 4.106 4.664 107.449
(kg/ngy) 2.479 2.175 896 1.237 852 1.058 674 796 840 982 677 705 1.430 616 700 16.117
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
96
N ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 (N ) 18.574 18.336 12.088 16.690 11.498 14.272 9.093 10.738 11.327 13.242 9.125 9.514 19.289 8.306 9.437 pht sinh (kg/ngy) 16.716 14.669 6.044 8.345 5.749 7.136 4.546 5.369 5.664 6.621 4.563 4.757 9.644 4.153 4.718 108.695 B % 18% 15% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% B (kg/ngy) 3.009 2.200 725 1.001 690 856 546 644 680 795 548 571 1.157 498 566 14.486
2015 / compost % 15% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% 20% / (kg/ngy) 11.200 9.535 4.110 5.675 3.909 4.853 3.092 3.651 3.851 4.502 3.103 3.235 6.558 2.824 3.209 73.305 thu gom (%) 70% 70% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% thu gom (kg/ngy) 7.840 6.674 1.233 1.702 1.173 1.456 927 1.095 1.155 1.351 931 970 1.967 847 963 30.286
(kg/ngy) 2.507 2.934 1.209 1.669 1.150 1.427 909 1.074 1.133 1.324 913 951 1.929 831 944 20.903
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
97
N rc trn ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 B % 18% 15% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% B (kg/ngy) 3.044 2.226 734 1.013 698 866 552 652 688 804 554 577 1.171 504 573 14.655
(N ) 18.789 18.549 12.228 16.883 11.631 14.438 9.198 10.862 11.459 13.396 9.231 9.624 19.512 8.403 9.546
pht sinh (kg/ngy) 16.910 14.839 6.114 8.442 5.816 7.219 4.599 5.431 5.729 6.698 4.615 4.812 9.756 4.201 4.773 109.956
(kg/ngy) 2.537 2.968 1.223 1.688 1.163 1.444 920 1.086 1.146 1.340 923 962 1.951 840 955 21.146
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
98
(N ) 19.007 18.764 12.370 17.079 11.766 14.605 9.305 10.988 11.592 13.551 9.338 9.736 19.739 8.500 9.657
pht sinh (kg/ngy) 17.107 15.011 6.185 8.540 5.883 7.303 4.653 5.494 5.796 6.776 4.669 4.868 9.869 4.250 4.829 111.231
(kg/ngy) 2.566 3.002 1.237 1.708 1.177 1.461 931 1.099 1.159 1.355 934 974 1.974 850 966 21.391
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
99
(N ) 19.228 18.981 12.514 17.277 11.903 14.775 9.413 11.116 11.726 13.709 9.446 9.849 19.968 8.599 9.769
sinh (kg/ngy) 17.305 15.185 6.257 8.639 5.951 7.387 4.707 5.558 5.863 6.854 4.723 4.925 9.984 4.299 4.885 112.522
(kg/ngy) 2.596 3.037 1.564 2.160 1.488 1.847 1.177 1.389 1.466 1.714 1.181 1.231 2.496 1.075 1.221 25.641
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
100
2019 / compost % 15% 20% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% / (kg/ngy) 11.729 9.985 3.988 5.506 3.793 4.708 3.000 3.542 3.737 4.368 3.010 3.138 6.363 2.740 3.113 72.718 thu gom (%) 70% 70% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% thu gom (kg/ngy) 8.210 6.989 1.396 1.927 1.327 1.648 1.050 1.240 1.308 1.529 1.054 1.098 2.227 959 1.090 33.051
(N ) 19.451 19.202 12.659 17.478 12.041 14.946 9.522 11.245 11.862 13.868 9.556 9.963 20.199 8.699 9.883
sinh (kg/ngy) 17.506 15.361 6.329 8.739 6.020 7.473 4.761 5.622 5.931 6.934 4.778 4.982 10.100 4.349 4.941 113.827
(kg/ngy) 2.626 3.072 1.582 2.185 1.505 1.868 1.190 1.406 1.483 1.733 1.194 1.245 2.525 1.087 1.235 25.938
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
101
2020 / compost % 15% 20% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% 30% / (kg/ngy) 11.865 9.634 3.714 5.127 3.532 4.385 2.793 3.299 3.480 4.068 2.803 2.923 5.926 2.552 2.899 69.001 thu gom (%) 80% 80% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% thu gom (kg/ngy) 9.492 7.708 1.485 2.051 1.413 1.754 1.117 1.320 1.392 1.627 1.121 1.169 2.370 1.021 1.160 36.200
(N ) 19.676 19.424 12.806 17.681 12.180 15.119 9.633 11.375 12.000 14.028 9.667 10.079 20.434 8.799 9.997
sinh (kg/ngy) 17.709 15.539 6.403 8.840 6.090 7.560 4.816 5.688 6.000 7.014 4.833 5.039 10.217 4.400 4.999 115.147
(kg/ngy) 2.656 3.108 1.921 2.652 1.827 2.268 1.445 1.706 1.800 2.104 1.450 1.512 3.065 1.320 1.500 30.334
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
102
(N ) 19.905 19.650 12.954 17.886 12.322 15.295 9.744 11.507 12.139 14.191 9.779 10.196 20.671 8.902 10.113
sinh (kg/ngy) 17.914 15.720 6.477 8.943 6.161 7.647 4.872 5.754 6.069 7.096 4.889 5.098 10.335 4.451 5.057 116.483
(kg/ngy) 2.687 3.144 1.943 2.683 1.848 2.294 1.462 1.726 1.821 2.129 1.467 1.529 3.101 1.335 1.517 30.686
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
103
(N ) 20.136 19.878 13.105 18.093 12.464 15.472 9.857 11.641 12.280 14.356 9.892 10.314 20.910 9.005 10.230
sinh (kg/ngy) 18.122 15.902 6.552 9.047 6.232 7.736 4.929 5.820 6.140 7.178 4.946 5.157 10.455 4.502 5.115 117.834
(kg/ngy) 2.718 3.180 1.966 2.714 1.870 2.321 1.479 1.746 1.842 2.153 1.484 1.547 3.137 1.351 1.535 31.042
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
104
(N ) 20.369 20.108 13.257 18.303 12.609 15.652 9.972 11.776 12.422 14.522 10.007 10.434 21.153 9.109 10.349
sinh (kg/ngy) 18.332 16.087 6.628 9.152 6.305 7.826 4.986 5.888 6.211 7.261 5.004 5.217 10.576 4.555 5.175 119.201
(kg/ngy) 2.750 3.217 1.988 2.745 1.891 2.348 1.496 1.766 1.863 2.178 1.501 1.565 3.173 1.366 1.552 31.402
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
105
N ( / / ngy) 0,9 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 (N ) 20.605 20.341 13.410 18.515 12.755 15.833 10.088 11.912 12.566 14.691 10.123 10.555 21.398 9.215 10.469 pht sinh (kg/ngy) 18.545 16.273 6.705 9.258 6.378 7.917 5.044 5.956 6.283 7.345 5.062 5.277 10.699 4.607 5.235 120.584 B % 18% 18% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% 12% B (kg/ngy) 3.338 2.929 805 1.111 765 950 605 715 754 881 607 633 1.284 553 628 16.559
(kg/ngy) 2.782 3.255 2.012 2.777 1.913 2.375 1.513 1.787 1.885 2.204 1.518 1.583 3.210 1.382 1.570 31.766
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
T nh h ng c ng L a T T NG
106
(N ) 20.844 20.577 13.566 18.730 12.903 16.017 10.205 12.051 12.712 14.861 10.241 10.677 21.647 9.322 10.591
sinh (kg/ngy) 18.760 16.462 6.783 9.365 6.452 8.008 5.102 6.025 6.356 7.431 5.120 5.339 10.823 4.661 5.295 121.983
(kg/ngy) 2.814 3.292 2.035 2.810 1.935 2.403 1.531 1.808 1.907 2.229 1.536 1.602 3.247 1.398 1.589 32.135
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
L T T NG
107
Ph l c B:
Huy n
108
109
Ph l c C
v vn hnh bi chn l p CTR huy
Bng C1: c tnh tng m u t

Cng trnh: Xy dng bi chn l p ch t th i rn huy m: huy N , B nh N n v: VND
S 1 2 3 4 5 6
M c Chi ph xy d ng sau thu Chi ph thi t b sau thu Chi ph qu n l d n Chi ph khc D phng 10% T ng s
c thu c thu
T ng s 33.136.313.000 10.169.079.000 680.832.000 1.825.186.000 374.316.000 4.618.572.600 50.804.299.000

29.825.664.000 9.244.617.000
T on : Chi ph xy d Chi ph thi t b
110
B ng C2:
TT A I 1 2 II 1 2 3 III 1 2 3 4 5 IV IV.1 1 2 3 4 5 IV.2 1 2 V 1 R H sinh hc , , II T th ng i n v T 2 VI V x N d d
p CTR huy
v ( ) ( )
, m 1.445,00 1,00 13,20 24,20 600,00 98,00 12,96 120,00 100,00 520,00 478.962 13.840.000 8.108.823 34.690.904 308.908 4.363.319 6.564.285 4.363.319 1.505.924 810.882
29.825.664.000 705.940.000 692.100.090 13.840.000 1.131.901.000 107.036.464 839.519.877 185.344.800 1.608.528.000 427.605.262 85.073.134 523.598.280 150.592.400 421.658.640 24.579.640.000 24.423.467.344 3.008.865.340 10.062.284.445 10.228.339.836 376.095.003 747.882.720 156.172.758 , m3 m2 304,00 546,00 114.954 222.027 34.946.016 121.226.742 271.864.000
ng v o i h n p , , , u n u r x , T T
hu d tr v t i u m2 m2 m2 m2 m2 , m2 m m
n ph ng nh V , , , mi BTCT , Hng ro h n pv chn lp , , III L T = , ,
T , o v h ng r o , , , , , , , T T sinh h , , , ,
m3 m3 m2
168.545,00 247.809,00 46.068,00 487,00 1.080,00
17.852 40.605 222.027 772.269 692.484
, ,
m m
p n ,
, m m m2 LS 1.119,00 1.119,00 4,00 1,00 43.440 105.876 2.061.388 96.533.604 48.609.360 118.475.244 8.245.552 96.533.604 1.292.450.000 46.325.337
th ng thu gom n r r L
111
Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn 1 T T 2 3 VII 1 2 B I 1 2 3 4 II III T IV i ng qu n tr , V 1 2 3 4 VI 1 2 3 4 VII 1 2 3 ST diezen; 9,5 KVA V th ng x n r (Q= 50 m3/ng .m) ci T x 112 ci T hi t i n OV L PVC D150, su 22m m v n h nh V, , 0,4 - , V ci 2,00 45.683.000 , m m , su 22m % th ng p n v tr m m My , = , = T , = , = 30m T r m r mr n 1,00 x 1,00 30.455.000 761.379.000 , ci m 742,00 558,00 2,00 78,20 653.629 1.301.756 96.533.604 540.588 484.992.718 726.379.848 235.341.000 193.067.208 42.273.982 9.244.617.000 100.585.000 20.640.000 3.807.000 45.683.000 30.455.000 761.379.000 761.379.000 30.455.000 30.455.000 91.366.000 91.366.000 5.821.655.000 ci ci ci ci 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00 3.150.000.000 805.800.000 1.713.578.580 152.276.000 3.150.000.000 805.800.000 1.713.578.580 152.276.000 363.007.000 m 1.584,00 14,00 1,00 1,00 27.000 11.878.000 96.747.000 57.200.000 42.768.000 166.292.000 96.747.000 57.200.000 2.076.170.000 2,00 1,00 1,00 35.420.000 5.330.000 2.000.000.000 70.840.000 5.330.000 2.000.000.000 39.070.281.000 V , % V , % th ng qu n tr v thu h T T 1,00 34.752.097 34.752.097
ci ci
2,00 1,00 1,00 1,00
10.320.000 3.807.000 45.683.000 30.455.000
B ng C3: c tnh chi ph cho chi ph v n hnh bi chn l p CTR huy
N TT N d v 2010 P I 1 2 3 ( ) L bnh hng ngy rc T bnh hng ngy T 4 ) L 5 T T + ) 6 7 m3 m3 17.357 17.893 17.893 xy 8 T cc chn v 2 chn khc chn 19.068 36.961 17.825 54.786 18.032 72.818 18.241 91.059 17.746 108.805 19.453 128.257 21.306 149.563 21.553 171.116 21.803 192.920 23.503 216.423 23.776 240.198 25.532 265.73 1 m3 2,07 3,32 3,42 3,64 3,41 3,45 3,49 3,39 3,72 4,07 4,12 4,17 4,49 4,54 4,88 m3 4,60 7,37 7,60 8,10 7,57 7,66 7,75 7,54 8,26 9,05 9,16 9,26 9,98 10,10 10,85 m3/ngy 2011 2012 2013 12.212 18,186 0,80 22,73 18,397 0,80 23,00 29,490 0,80 36,86 30,401 0,80 38,00 2014 14.647 32,398 0,80 40,50 30,286 0,80 37,86 30,637 0,80 38,30 30,992 0,80 38,74 2015 2016 2017 2018 6.106 30,151 0,80 37,69 33,051 0,80 41,31 36,200 0,80 45,25 2019 2020 2021 6.106 36,620 0,80 45,78 37,045 0,80 46,31 39,933 0,80 49,92 40,396 0,80 50,50 43,381 0,80 54,23 2022 2023 2024 2025
T 1 2 3
113
N TT N d v 2010 II v v 2011 2012 2013 1.733 86,00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 L vin vo + 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 85,00 2014 1.739 92,00 91,00 2015 1.733 86,00 85,00 2016 1.945 87,00 86,00 211,25 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 2017 1.735 88,00 87,00 2018 1.733 86,00 85,00 2019 1.952 94,00 93,00 211,25 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 2020 1.750 103,00 102,00 2021 1.751 104,00 103,00 2022 1.963 105,00 104,00 211,25 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00 2023 1.761 114,00 113,00 2024 1.762 115,00 114,00 2025 1.981 123,00 122,00 211,25 11,00 408,00 209,00 40,00 50,00 930,00
114
B ng C4: c tnh chi ph cho chi ph v n hnh bi chn l p CTRhuy
c s d ng chung v i huy
N TT N d v 2010 P ( L ngy T hng ngy T ) L 5 cng) T + m3 4,61 6,34 6,40 6,69 6,66 6,79 6,89 6,76 7,30 7,83 7,97 8,09 8,58 8,68 9,19 v 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
11.429
16.647
11.429
11.429
11.429
1 2
40,532 0,80
41,002 0,80
56,375 0,80
56,921 0,80
59,447 0,80
59,177 0,80
60,341 0,80
61,212 0,80
60,061 0,80
64,914 0,80
69,633 0,80
70,805 0,80
71,908 0,80
76,284 0,80
77,169 0,80
81,690 0,80
m3/ngy
50,67
51,25
70,47
71,15
74,31
73,97
75,43
76,52
75,08
81,14
87,04
88,51
89,89
95,36
96,46
102,11
m3
10,25
14,09
14,23
14,86
14,79
15,09
15,30
15,02
16,23
17,41
17,70
17,98
19,07
19,29
20,42
m3
33.180
33.502
34.988
34.829
35.514
36.027
35.350
38.206
40.983
41.673
42.322
44.898
45.419
48.080
T rc
m3
33.502 xy
68.490 xy cc
103.319
138.834 xy chn v 4
174.861
210.210 xy chn v 6
248.416
289.400
331.073 xy chn v 8
373.395
418.293
463.712
511.792
chn 1 v 2
khc 1
T 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
115
N TT N d v 2010 II v v 2011 2012 2013 1.905 161,00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 L cng trnh + 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 159,00 2014 2.124 169,00 167,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 2015 1.912 168,00 166,00 2016 2.126 171,00 169,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 2017 2.129 174,00 172,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 2018 1.915 171,00 169,00 2019 2.140 185,00 183,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 2020 1.942 198,00 196,00 2021 2.156 201,00 199,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 2022 2.159 204,00 202,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 2023 1.961 217,00 215,00 2024 2.175 220,00 218,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00 2025 2.187 232,00 230,00 211,25 19,00 408,00 209,00 80,00 100,00 930,00
116
Ph l c D: K ho ch thc hi n
117
K ho ch thc hi n
Ho Quy ng nh th m quyn * * * * *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 09 2011 10-12 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12
Thnh l p Ban Qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n Ph duy t Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n c a Huy n Ph duy t ngn sch v thnh l p ti chnh Quy nh thnh l p TTTNR c a T nh S ib n php l Gim st vi c th c hi n
Thi t lp h th ng thu gom v vn chuyn rc th i sinh ho t Thnh l p nhm ho ng * nh xem c c n m t bi u gi m i cho nh ng * *** i s d ng khc nhau nh trang thi t b c n * mua s m Mua s m cc thng ch a *** *** *** *** Mua s m xe Mua s m trang thi t b c *** *** nhn cho cng nhn T ng m i ** * o t t c nhn vin thu ** * gom rc nh v tr tt nh t cho *** *** trang thi t b u ch nh cc tuy n thu ** *** gom T cho nhn *** ** vin qu n l v v n hnh L p k ho ch v th c hi n cc chi n d ch nng cao *** *** ** nh n th c
** ** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
118

Ho ng 09 Cc ho ng Thnh l p nhm ho ng Th c hi n cc d n trnh din Chun b ng dn v thng nhi t T ch c truy n thng c ng i Truy ng T thng nhi t t i cc khu v c l a chn t qu Chun b k ho m r ng m hnh lm phn compost ny trong cc khu Chun b d n h thng lm phn compost t rc ch c ph duy t Mua trang thi t b c n thi t V n hnh h thng lm phn compost t rc ch M r ng h th n cc ch khc Cc ho ng ph i thc hi Thnh l p nhm ho ng u th u thi t k bi chn l p h p v sinh m i c ph duy t bo co Hon ch nh nh gi tc ng m ng ( T ) c ph duy t T 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 lm phn compost t i h v * *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
***
*** ***
*** ***
*** ***
*** ***
*** ***
*** ***
*** ***
*** ***
***
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***
***
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*** * *** * *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
thi t lp bi chn l p h p v sinh cho Huy n * *** * *** * *** * ***
119

Ho ng 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** * * *** m b o t t c rc th i y t * * c thu gom v x l ***
u th u xy d ng bi chn l p h p v sinh m i Xy d ng bi chn l p h p v sinh ua s m trang thi t b bi chn l p o nhn cng bi chn l p Bi chn l p b u ti p nh n rc Cc ho ng ph i thc hi Thnh l p nhm ho ng no pht sinh ch t th c x l Quy nh ai s chi tr cho vi c x l ch t th i thu gom c Ln k ho ch m t h thng nh trang thi t b c n thi t Mua s m trang thi t b c n thi t o nhn vin tr m y t v phng khm B u ti p nh n v x l ch t th i ly nhim
**
**
** * *
120

2011 Ho ng 09 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12 01-03 04-06 07-09 10-12
Ho ng ph i thc hi c i thi n vi c qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p Thnh l p nhm ho ng * nh tnh ch t c a rc th i cng nghi p v ln k ho ch N u c n thi , chi tr nh ai s ** ** ** ***
N u c n thi t, so n th o v trnh UBND Huy n ph duy t m t quy nh m i Mua s m trang thi t b c n thi t o nhn vin Huy n, nhn vin c m cng nghi p v nhn vin thu gom rc th i Th c thi h thng qu n l ch t th i cng nghi p
**
***
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121

An Nhon - Quy hoạch quản lý chất thải rắn &amp; Kế hoạch hành động

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UBND TNH BNH NH Peoples Committee of BQL D N CP NC BINH DINH Province

WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PPMU

Project Management Unit

QUY HOCH QUN L CHT THI RN HUYN AN NHN NN 2025

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

HNG 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

T sinh T 3.7 T 3.8 3.9

HNG 4 4.1 4.2

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

c khuy n khch vi c x h i ha cng tc thu gom, phn lo i, v n chuy n v x l ch t th i r n.

(QLTHCTR) l trch nhi m chung c a ton x h i, c c vai tr ch o y m nh x h i h , ng t n l t ng h p ch t th i r n. m b o t v kinh ng, gp ph n

TR c th c hi n lin vng, lin ngnh k thu t, an ton v x h ng.

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

xy d ng (CTRXD) pht sinh t % c thu h ti s d ng hoc ti ch . c thu gom x II tr ln v 10% mb ng.

Gi m 40% ti nilon s d ng t i cc siu th v trung t % h c cng trnh ti ch

80% ng c thu gom x c thu h % b % h

(CTRCN) khng nguy h i pht sinh , % ti ch . (KCN) cx m

ng CTRCN nguy h i t i cc ng. ng c thu gom v x

40% lng ngh

pht sinh t i cc khu c thu gom v x mb

100% bi rc gy nhim nghim trng theo Quy do Th ng Chnh ph ngy 22/04/2003 :

c thu gom c ti s d ng, ti ch , thu h c thu gom

m b o mi ng hoc lm x , cn l i i so v i t i h gia mb o ng. yt , i cc lng ngh

ng CTRXD pht sinh t c thu h ti s d ng hoc ti ch . mb

50% bn c thu gom v x l

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

ng CTRXD pht sinh t c thu h ti s d ng hoc ti ch . c thu gom v x

II tr ln v 50% mb ng. i so v i c thu gom v % ng. i cc lng ngh nh ng

Gi m 85% ti nilon s d ng t i cc siu th % ng CTRCN khng nguy h i v nguy h mb ng.

90% CTR pht sinh t i cc khu c thu gom v x mb , nh ng m ph i th c hi n: ng a v gi m y m nh t

y phn lo i ch t th i r n t i ngu n; thu gom v v n chuy n ch t th i r n; ng ti s d ng, ti ch ch t th i r n; ng xung quanh x l ch t th i r n. :

5. X l ch t th i r n; ra nh ng gi i php th c hi n chnh n php lu

chnh sch v qu n l ch t th i vi c th c hi n n i dung quy ho ch qu n l v cc khu dn xy d ng khu x l ch t th i r n

2. L p v th c hi n quy ho ch c ac c, ch t th i r n trong quy ho ch thn, h c hi n t ng, x. 3. Thi t l 4. Xy d ng ngu n l c th c hi n chi

d li u v h thng quan tr c d li u v ch t th i r n ton quc. c hi u qu . qu n l ph c v

5. T y nghin c u khoa h t ng h p ch t th i r n. 6. Nng cao nh n th c. 7. T ng h p tc quc t .

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

l ch t mb , n r n pht sinh t yt m b o theo tiu chu 7

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

, Xy d ng dn m t s u c a Ngh v qu n l ch t th i r V n ny bao g 1. Quy ho ch qu n l ch t th i r n

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

ng, d ki c h i c nh quan v ti x l ch t th i r n sau khi ch m d t ho , x l ch t th i r n sau khi ch m d t ho t

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

ch chuyn ngnh h t ng k thu c th hi n chi ti t i v ch x l ch t th i r , n ny : x l

ng dng ch y v kho ng cch t x l;

ng x h i tiu c c t i c hoc dc tuy n v n chuy n rc. , u 21 c nh v ph duy t quy ho ch xy d

nh trch nhi m c a t ch c, c nhn l p, :

nh v ph duy t quy ho ch xy d ng c trch nhi m n quy ho ch xy d ng dn t i

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

+ 100% ch t th i r n sinh ho t pht sinh t cc khu v ngu n.

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

- Ti ch ch t th i, nh thnh cc s n phm m i; ch t th i khng

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

1.4.1 Thnh phn ch t th i c v

phn tch g n 3 t n ch t th i r n sinh ho t t 4 huy n, thnh ph n :

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

60,38 5,86 33,60 0,17 100,00

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

1.4.2 Dch v thu gom

Quy hoch qun l cht thi rn huyn An Nhn

T , S 2 hecta cs d ng. T , T S m ny c t ng di , cs d xy d ng 4 . Hi , ng v m rc tr i r ng, v i chi u dy l p rc x p x 5 m mi ch a. N c qu n l ph h p, bi rc s c kh c v cho c i.

m pha sau b c hnh.

An Nhon - Quy hoạch quản lý chất thải rắn & Kế hoạch hành động

An Nhon - Quy hoạch quản lý chất thải rắn & Kế hoạch hành động