BAI TAP ANDEHIT ANDEHIT Cu 1: Chia hn hp 2 anehit no n chc thnh 2 phn bng nhau.

t chy hon ton phn 1 thu c 0,54 gam H 2O. Phn 2 cho tc dng vi H2 d (h = 100%) thu c hn hp 2 ru. t chy hon ton 2 ru thu c V lt kh CO 2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 0,112. B. 2,24. C. 0,672. D. 1,344. Cu 2: Cho 10,2 gam hn hp X gm 2 anehit no (c s mol bng nhau) tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 (d) thu c 64,8 gam Ag v mui ca 2 axit hu c. Mt khc, khi cho 12,75 gam X bay hi 136,5 C v 2 atm th th tch hi thu c l 4,2 lt. Cng thc ca 2 anehit l A. CH3-CHO v OHC-CHO. B. HCHO v OHC-CH2-CHO.
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C. CH3-CHO v HCHO. D. OHC-CHO v C2H5-CHO. Cu 3: C hai bnh mt nhn cha C2H2 v . Thuc th duy nht c th nhn c 2 bnh trn l A. dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3. B. dung dch NaOH. C. dung dch HCl. D. Cu(OH)2. Cu 4: S lng ng phn anhit ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. Cu 5: Anehit no X c cng thc n gin nht l C2H3O. CTPT ca X l D. 6.

A. C2H3O. B. C4H6O2. C. C6H9O3. D. C8H12O4. Cu 6: Oxi ho 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc X thu c 3 gam axit tng ng (h = 100%). CTCT ca X l A. CH3-CHO. B. CH3- CH2-CHO. C. (CH3)2CH-CHO. D. CH3-CH2-CH2-CHO. Cu 7: Cho 1,02 gam hn hp gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h (khc HCHO) k tip nhau trong dy ng ng phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, thu c 4,32 gam Ag (h = 100%). Tn gi ca 2 anehit l A. etanal v metanal. B. etanal v propanal. C. propanal v butanal. D. butanal v pentanal. Cu 8: Cho 2,3 gam hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng ht vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, to ra 10,8 gam Ag. Tn gi ca X l A. anehit fomic. B. anehit axetic. C. axit fomic. D. anehit acrylic. Cu 9: t chy mt hn hp anehit l ng ng, thu c a mol CO2 v 18a gam H2O. Hai anehit thuc loi anehit A. no, n chc. B. vng no, n chc. C. no, hai chc. D. khng no c mt ni i, hai chc. Cu 10: Khi cho 0,1 mol X (c t khi hi s vi H2 ln hn 20) tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d, thu c 43,2g Ag. X thuc loi anehit A. n chc. B. 2 chc. C. 3 chc. D. 4 chc. Cu 11: Hp cht hu c X un nh vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 (1:2), thu c sn phm X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch HCl hoc dung dch NaOH u thu c kh. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HCOOH. B. HCHO. C. CH3COONa. D. CH3CHO. Cu 12: Cho 0,94 g hn hp hai anehit n chc, no, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu c 3,24 gam Ag. CTPT ca hai anehit l A. etanal v metanal. B. etanal v propanal.

C. propanal v butanal. D. butanal v pentanal. Cu 13: Trong cng nghip, ngi ta iu ch HCHO bng phng php A. oxi ho CH3OH (Cu, t ). B. nhit phn (HCOO)2Ca. C. kim ho CH2Cl2. D. kh HCOOH bng LiAlH4. Cu 14: Cng thc tng qut ca anehit no, hai chc mch h l A. CnH2n+2O2. B. CnH2nO2. C. CnH2n-2O2. D. CnH2n-4O2. Cu 15: Cho 7,2 gam mt anehit no, n chc X phn ng hon ton AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Nu cho A tc dng vi H2 (Ni, t ), thu c ru n chc Y c mch nhnh. CTCT ca A l A. (CH3)2CH-CHO. B. (CH3)2CH-CH2-CHO. C. CH3-CH2-CH2-CHO. D. CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CHO. Cu 16: X c CTCT l Cl-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CHO. Danh php IUPAC ca X l A. 1-clo2-metyl butanal. B. 2-metylenclorua butanal. C. 4-clo3-metyl butanal. D. 3-metyl-4-clobutanal. O Cu 17: Cho hn hp X gm 2 anehit ng ng k tip tc dng ht vi H 2 (Ni, t ), thu c hn hp Y. t chy hon ton Y thu c 6,6 gam CO2 v 4,5 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca 2 anehit trong X l A. CH4O v C2H6O. B. CH2O v C2H4O. C. C3H6O v C4H8O. D. C3H8O v C4H10O. Cu 18: t chy hon ton 19,2 gam hn hp X gm 2 anehit ng ng k tip thu c 17,92 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 14,4 gam H2O. Nu cho 9,6 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 (d) th thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 75,6. B. 151,2. C. 37,8. D. 21,6.
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Cu 19: Hn hp X gm 2 anehit no n chc, mch thng, l ng ng k tip. Khi cho 3,32 gam B tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Tn gica 2 anehit trong X l A. etanal v metanal. B. etanal v propanal. C. propanal v butanal. D. butanal v pentanal. Cu 20: Chuyn ho hon ton 4,2 gam anehit X mch h bng phn ng trng gng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d ri cho lng Ag thu c tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 to ra 3,792 lt NO2 27 C v 740mmHg. Tn gi ca X l anehit A. fomic. B. axetic. C. acrylic. D. oxalic. Cu 21: X l hn hp HCHO v CH3CHO. Khi oxi ho p gam X bng O2 thu c (p+1,6) gam Y gm 2 axit tng ng (h=100%). Cho p gam X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3trong NH3 d thu c 25,92 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng HCHO trong hn hp B l A. 14,56%. B. 85,44%. C. 73,17%. D. 26,83%. Cu 22: X l hn hp HCHO v CH3CHO. Khi oxi ho X bng O2 thu c hn hp Y gm 2 axit tng ng (h=100%). T khi hi ca Y so vi X l m. Khong gi tr ca m l A. 1,36 < m < 1,53. B. 1,36 < m < 1,67.
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C. 1,53 < m < 1,67. D. 1,67 < m < 2,33. Cu 23: Oxi ho 53,2 gam hn hp 1 ru n chc v 1 anehit n chc thu c 1 axit hu c duy nht (h=100%). Cho lng axit ny tc dng ht vi m gam dung dch NaOH 2% v Na 2CO313,25% thu c dung dch ch cha mui ca axit hu c nng 21,87%. Tn gi ca anehit ban u l A. etanal. B. metanal. C. butanal. D. propanal. Cu 24: t chy hon ton hn hp 3 anehit no n chc thu c 4,48 lt kh CO2(ktc). Cng lng hn hp , nu oxi ho thnh axit (h = 100%), ri ly axit to thnh em t chy hon ton th thu c m gam nc. Gi tr ca m l A. 1,8. B. 2,7. C. 3,6. D. 5,4. o Cho hn hp X gm 2 anehit n chc tc dng vi H2 (Ni,t ) thy tn V lt H2 (ktc) v thu c 2 ru no. Nu cho hn Cu 25: hp ru ny tc dng ht vi Na thu c 0,375V lt H2(ktc). Hn hp X gm A. 2 anehit no. B. 2 anehit khng no. C. 1 anehit no v 1 anehit khng no. D. 1 anehit khng no v 1 anehit thm. Cu 26 (A-07): Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un nng thu c 43,2 gam Ag. Hiro ho X c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A. HCHO. B. CH3CH(OH)CHO. OHC-CHO. D. CH3CHO. Cu 27 (A-07): Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Lng Ag sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi HNO3 thot ra 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A. CH3CHO. B. HCHO. C. CH2=CHCHO. D. CH3CH2CHO. Cu 28 (A-07): Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 l A. anehit axetic, but-1-in, etilen. B. anehit fomic, axetilen, etilen. C. anehit axetic, but-2-in, axetilen. D. axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin. Cu 29 (B-07): t chy hon ton a mol mt anehit X mch h to ra b mol CO2 v c mol H2O (bit b = a + c). Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X thuc dy ng ng anehit A. no, hai chc. B. no, n chc. C. khng no c hai ni i, n chc. D. khng no c mt ni i, n chc. Cu 30 (B-07): Khi oxi ho 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc thu c 3 gam axit tng ng. Cng thc ca anehit l A. C2H3CHO. B. CH3CHO. C. HCHO. D. C2H5CHO.

ANHYT XTON 1) t chy hon ton cht hu c A mch h, thy sinh ra CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau. S mol O2 p gp 4 ln s mol A em t. Xc nh CTPT CTCT c th c ca A. Gi tn A, bit A + H2 cho ru B n chc bc I. 2) 1. T metan c nh a phenol fomaldehyt; 2. T v than c al-bazic; 3. T butan c propenal; 4. T tinh bt c alehyt fomic. 3) A l cht hu c ch cha 1 loi nhm chc, c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh, trong oxi chim 37,21% klg. Khi cho 1 mol A tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d c 4 mol Ag. CTCT ca A T A c cao su buna. 4) Cho 8,6g ankanal (A) p hon ton dd AgNO3/NH3 cho 1 axit hu c (C) v 21,6g Ag. a) CTPT A; b) Cho hh gm A v 1 B nh hn A 2 nguyn t cacbon tc dng vi H2 d xt Ni c 8,28g ru. Mt khc c ng lng hh trn nu em t chy c 19,8g CO2. Tnh klg hh trn. 5) 11,6g anhyt n no (A) c s cacbon ln hn 1 p hon ton vi dd AgNO 3/NH3 d. Ton b lng Ag sinh ra cho vo dd HNO3 c nng sau p xy ra hon ton ta thy khi lng dd tng them 24,8g. Tm CTCT ca A. 6) Oxi ho x gam ru etylic bng O2 (KK) c xt Cu thnh aldehyt tng ng. Nu ly hh sau p tc dng Na d cho 0,336 lt kh (kc). Nu cho hh tc dng AgNO3trong NH3 d c 43,2g Ag. a) Tnh x; b) Tnh H p oxi ho; c) Nu H p tng 10% th th tch H2 tng hay gim bao nhiu lt. 7) 10,2g hh 2 aldehyt n no (A), (B) k tip nhau tc dng dd AgNO3/NH3 cho 43,2g Ag v 2 axit hu c tng ng. a) Nu em hh trn t chy hon ton. Tnh VCO2 (kc) V mH2O thu c; b) Tm CTPT A, B.

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Cho bay hi 2,9g 1 cht hu c (X) ch cha 1 loi nhm chc ta thu c 2,24 lt kh X (109,2 C, 0,7atm). Mt khc cho 5,8g X

tc dng dd AgNO3/NH3 d thy to thnh 43,2g Ag. CTPT CTCT Gi tn (X). 9) A, B l hp cht hu c (X) ch cha 1 loi nhm chc. Trong A c thnh phn khi lng m C : mH : mO = 1,5 : 0,25 : 2. Cn khi t B th t l mol nCO2 : nH2O : nO2 = 2 : 1 : 1,5. a) Tm CTN A, B; b) Tm CTPT, CTCT ca A, B. Bit 1 mol A hay 1 mol B tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 u cho A mol Ag; c) Vit ptp c A, B t CH4. 10) Cho 2,4g (X) tc dng hon ton dd AgNO3/NH3 (d) thu c 7,2g Ag. CTPT X. T CH4 c (X). 11) Mt hh kh (X) gm 2 kh axetylen v propin c d H2 = 15,8. Cho 2,24 kh (X) (kc) tc dng vi H2O, k thch hp c hh 2 sn phm, sau cho tc dng dd AgNO3/NH3 d th c 10,8g Ag. Hn hp kh X cn li sau phn ng hp nc d n qua dd Brm d thy bnh tng ln 0,66g. a) Tnh % V kh trong hh X. b) Tnh H p hp nc ca mi hydrocacbon. 12) Mt hh kh X gm ankanal (A) v H2. t 1,12 lt (X) (kc) cho 2,64g CO2 v 1,62g H2O. Mt khc nu d n hh X trn qua Ni nng c hh Y. dY H2 = 20. a) Tnh % VA, H2trong hh X. b) CTPT ca A v t l A tham gia p cng hydro. 13) Cho 0,1mol andehyt (A) c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh tc dng hon ton vi hydro, thy cn d ng 6,72 lt H2 (kc) v thu c cht hu c (B). Cho lng B ny tc dng vi Na d th thu c 2,24 lt kh (kc). Mt khc, nu ly 8,4g (A) tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d th c hh X gm 2 mui v 43,2g Ag. a) CTCT A, B. b) Tnh khi lng hh mui 14) Chia 11,36g hh 2 andehyt n chc lm 2 phn bng nhau: t chy phn 1 ta c 12,32g CO 2 v 3,6g H2O P2 cho tc dng dd AgNO3/NH3 d c 34,56g Ag. CTPT 2 andehyt cho. 15) Oxi ho 53,2g hh mt ru n chc v mt andehyt n chc, ta thu c mt axit hu c duy nht (H = 100%). Cho lng axit ny tc dng ht vi m gam dd hh NaOH 2% v Na2CO3 13,25% thu c dd ch cha mui ca axit hu c nng 21,87%. a) CTPT ca ru v andehyt ban u. b) H i m c gi tr trong khong no c) Cho m = 400g. Tnh % klg ru v andehyt trong hh u. 16) Hai cht hu c no mch h A, B c ng cha C, H, O. a) Cho vo bnh kn 0,01mol cht l ng A vi lng O2 va t chy ht A. Sauk hi t chy hon ton, thy s mol kh gim 0,01mol so vi s mol trc phn ng. Xc nh CTPT A, bit A cha 1 nguyn t oxi. b) Bng dd feling, oxi ho 3,48g (A) thnh axit (C). Ton b lng (C) to thnh c trn vi (B) theo t l nC : nB = 2 : 1. trung ho hh thu c phi d ng ht 25,42ml dd NaOH 16% (d = 1,18). Tm CTCT A, B. Bit B khng b thu phn.