PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011

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I. PHN CHUNG CHO MI TH SINH, (40 cu).
Chng 1. Dao ng c, (7 cu).
(1 cu): i cng dao ng iu ha:
Vit phng trnh li , vn tc, gia tc.
Phng trnh lin h x, v, A, :
2 2
1

x v
A A
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \
v cc h qu ca phng trnh.
Chu k, tn s ca dao ng iu ha.
Quan h v pha gia cc i lng x, v, a.
Dng th lin h gia x, v, a
(1 cu): Cc dng bi tp c bn v dao ng iu ha:
Bi ton tm thi gian vt dao ng iu ha.
Bi ton tnh qung ng vt i c.
Bi ton tnh tc trung bnh ca vt.
Bi ton tnh s ln vt i qua mt v tr trong mt khong thi gian cho trc
(1 cu): Con lc l xo:
S tng, gim chu k, tn s ca con lc l xo.
Tnh chiu di l cc i, cc tiu, v tr bt k.
Tnh lc n hi cc i, cc tiu, lc n hi ti mt v tr bt k.
Tm khong thi gian l xo dn, nn.
Vit phng trnh dao ng ca con lc l xo.
(1 cu): Con lc n
S tng, gim chu k, tn s ca con lc n.
Tnh chiu di dy treo ca con lc n (p dng trong bi ton s dao ng).
Phng trnh dao ng ca con lc n (theo c li gc v li di).
Tc , lc cng dy ca con lc n.
(1 cu): Nng lng dao ng iu ha:
Tnh ng nng, th nng, c nng ca dao ng.
Tnh t s gia ng nng v th nng ti mt v tr.
S bin thin chu k, tn s ca ng nng v th nng.
Bi ton tm thi gian lin quan n ng nng, th nng.
Tnh li , vn tc ti thi im E

= nE
t
.
Nng lng dao ng ca con lc l xo.
Nng lng dao ng ca con lc n.
(1 cu): Tng hp 2 dao ng iu ha:
Vit phng trnh ca dao ng tng hp.
Bit x
1
v x, tm x
2
hoc ngc li.
Phn tch cu trc thi i hc mn vt l nm 2011 Phn tch cu trc thi i hc mn vt l nm 2011 Phn tch cu trc thi i hc mn vt l nm 2011 Phn tch cu trc thi i hc mn vt l nm 2011

PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011
Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 2 -

Tm iu kin v pha (ca mt trong hai dao ng) bin dao ng tng hp t max, min. Ch
cc phng trnh x
1
, x
2
khi phi ng nht vi nhau.
Khong gi tr ca bin dao ng tng hp.
Tnh vn tc, gia tc, nng lng ca vt da vo phng trnh dao ng tng hp.
(1 cu): Dao ng tt dn, dao ng cng bc, hin tng cng hng:
L thuyt v dao ng tt dn, c im ca dao ng tt dn.
Khi nim v dao ng cng bc, cc c im ca dao ng cng bc.
iu kin cng hng c, c im ca cng hng..
Bi tp v dao ng tt dn, cng hng.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chng 2. Sng c, (4 cu).
(1 cu): i cng v sng c, phng trnh sng c:
Tnh chu k, tn s, tc truyn sng.
Vit phng trnh sng ti mt im (ch v chiu truyn sng).
Tnh tc truyn sng da vo phng trnh truyn sng.
Bi ton lin quan n lch pha ca hai im trn phng truyn sng: cng pha, ngc pha, vung
pha.
Tnh chu k, tn s, tc truyn sng.
(1 cu): Giao thoa sng c:
iu kin c giao thoa sng c.
Vit phng trnh tng hp giao thoa sng, t a ra iu kin c cc i, cc tiu giao thoa v
bin dao ng tng hp tng ng khi hai ngun cng pha, ngc pha.
ng dng giao thoa sng
- Tm s im dao ng vi bin cc i, cc tiu trn ng ni hai ngun sng, hoc m rng
trn ng bt k.
- Bi ton tnh tc truyn sng khi bit ng dao ng cc i, cc tiu th n.
(1 cu): Sng dng, s phn x sng:
iu kin v chiu di dy, tn s c sng dng.
Tnh s bng sng, nt sng.
Tnh tn s sng khi bit s bng sng hoc nt sng.
(1 cu): Sng m, cc c trng sinh l, vt l ca m:
Cc c trng sinh l ca m: cao, to, m sc v s ph thuc tng ng vo cc c trng vt l
ca m.
Nhc m, tp m, ha m v tnh tn s cc ha m.
Cng m, mc cng m.
Bi ton tnh cng m, mc cng m khi bit cng sut ngun m.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chng 3. Dng in xoay chiu, (9 cu).
(1 cu): i cng v dng in xoay chiu:
Biu thc cng dng in xoay chiu v cc bi ton lin quan n thi gian.
PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011
Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 3 -

T thng, sut in ng xoay chiu.
Cc i lng c trng cho dng in xoay chiu c s dng gi tr hiu dng, gi tr tc thi.
(1 cu): Cc loi on mch in xoay chiu:
on mch in xoay chiu ch c in tr R.
on mch in xoay chiu ch c cun cm thun c h s t cm L
- lch pha ca u
RL
v i.
- Vit biu thc u
RL
, i, u
L
, u
R
.
- Phng trnh lin h
2 2
1
L
oL o
u i
U I
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \
v cc h qu rt ra.
- th ph thuc ca Z
L
theo L, ca u
L
theo i hoc ngc li.
on mch in xoay chiu ch c t in vi in dung C
- lch pha ca u
RC
v i.
- Vit biu thc u
RC
, i, u
C
, u
R
.
- Phng trnh lin h
2 2
1
C
oC o
u i
U I
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \
v cc h qu rt ra.
- th ph thuc ca Z
C
theo C, ca u
C
theo i hoc ngc li.
(1 cu): Mch in xoay chiu RLC, hin tng cng hng in:
Vit biu thc u, i ca mch, in p gia cc phn t u
R
, u
L
, u
C.
lch pha gia u v i, gia cc u thnh phn.
Hin tng cng hng in: cc c im v iu kin.
Mch in xoay chiu khi cun dy c thm in tr hot ng r 0.
(1 cu): Cng sut ca mch in xoay chiu, h s cng sut:
Tnh cng sut ca mch in.

Tnh h s cng sut ca cc loi mch in.
Bi ton tnh gi tr ca cc i lng R, Z
L
, Z
C
khi bit cng sut tiu th P.
Bi ton tnh cng sut, h s cng sut ca mch khi bit .

R L C
L C
U mU nU
R Z Z
= =

= =

(2 cu): Cc tr trong mch in xoay chiu:
Mch in xoay chiu c R thay i
- Tm R cng sut tiu th ca mch cc i.
- Tm R cng sut tiu th ca mch bng gi tr P
o
cho trc.
- Tm R h s cng sut ca mch bng mt gi tr cho trc.
- Bi ton tn ti hai gi tr R
1
v R
2
mch c cng cng sut tiu th.
- Mch in xoay chiu khi cun dy c thm r 0: Cng sut tiu th trn ton mch v trn R.
Mch in xoay chiu c L thay i
- Tm L U
R
, U
C
, I, P t max cng hng in.
- Tm L cng sut bng mt gi tr P
o
cho trc.
- Tm L h s cng sut ca mch bng mt gi tr cho trc.
- Tm L U
L
bng mt gi tr cho trc.
PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011
Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 4 -

- Tm L (I, P, U
R
, U
C
) khng i.
- Tm L U
Lmax
, t suy ra cc h qu:
iu kin
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
max
1

?
1

C
L
C
L C
R
R Z
C
Z L L
Z
C
U
U R Z
R

+
= = =

= +

iu kin
2 2 2 2
max
RL
C R L
U U U U U U = + +


- Tm L U
RLmax

- Bi ton lin h khi c hai gi tr L = L
1
v L = L
2
U
L
khng i v L = L
o
U
Lmax
.
Mch in xoay chiu c C thay i
- Tm C U
R
, U
L
, I, P t max cng hng in.
- Tm C cng sut bng mt gi tr P
o
cho trc.
- Tm C h s cng sut ca mch bng mt gi tr cho trc.
- Tm C U
C
bng mt gi tr cho trc.
- Tm C (I, P, U
R
, U
C
) khng i.
- Tm C U
Cmax
, t suy ra cc h qu:
iu kin
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
max
1
?

L
C
L
C L
R Z R L
Z C
Z C L
U
U R Z
R
+ +
= = =

= +

iu kin
2 2 2 2
max
RC
L R C
U U U U U U = + +


- Tm C U
RCmax

- Bi ton lin h khi c hai gi tr C = C
1
v C = C
2
U
C
khng i v C = C
o
U
Cmax
.
Mch in xoay chiu c (hoc f) thay i
- Tm U
R
, I, P t max cng hng in.
- Tm U
L
, U
C
t max.
- Bi ton lin h khi c hai gi tr =
1
v =
2
(I, P) khng i v =
o
(I, P) max.
(1 cu): Bi ton bin lun hp kn, lch pha, gin vc t
Bi ton bin lun on mch c 1 hp kn.
Bi ton bin lun on mch c 2 hp kn.
Bi ton lch pha khi
RL RC
RL
RC
U U
U U
U U

.
(1 cu): My bin p, s truyn ti in nng
My bin p: Tnh in p, s vng dy, cng dng in ca cun s cp v th cp.
Ch : Dng bi m cho c th l my tng p, hoc h p.
S truyn ti in nng
- Tnh cng sut hao ph khi truyn ti.
PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011
Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 5 -

- Tnh gim in p.
- Tnh hiu sut truyn ti in nng.
(1 cu): Cc loi my pht in xoay chiu
My pht in xoay chiu 1 pha, 3 pha.
Cc s mc: hnh sao, hnh tam gic, biu thc lin h in p tng ng.
ng c khng ng b 3 pha.
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Chng 4. Dao ng in t, (4 cu).
(1 cu): Mch dao ng in t:
Tnh chu k, tn s ca mch dao ng trc tip bng cng thc. S tng, gim ca chu k, tn s.
Vit biu thc in tch q, cng dng in i. Phng trnh lin h
2 2
1
o o
q i
Q I
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ \
v cc h qu.
Bi ton tnh chu k ca mch khi c cc t mc ni tip, song song.
(1 cu): Nng lng ca mch dao ng in t:
Biu thc tnh nng lng in trng, t trng, in t ca mch.
Tnh nng lng in trng, t trng, in t ca mch.
Phng trnh bo ton nng lng in t ca mch v cc h qu.
S bin thin ca nng lng in trng, nng lng t trng.
Bi ton xc nh in tch, cng dng in khi bit W
L
=nW
C
.
Bi ton xc nh thi gian khi bit mi quan h gia nng lng in trng, nng lng t trng.
(1 cu): in t trng, sng in t:
Cc gi thuyt v in trng bin thin, t trng bin thin. Khi nim in t trng.
Sng in t: khi nim, c im.
(1 cu): Sng v tuyn:
Biu thc tnh bc sng ca sng v tuyn, cc h qu suy t phng trnh.
Sng v tuyn trong thng tin lin lc.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chng 5. Sng nh sng, (5 cu).
(1 cu): Hin tng tn sc nh sng:
nh sng trng, nh sng n sc, hin tng tn sc nh sng.
Bc sng v mu sc nh sng.
Mi quan h gia chit sut mi trng v bc sng.
(2 cu): Hin tng giao thoa nh sng:
iu kin c giao thoa nh sng.
Cng thc xc nh ta vn sng, vn ti, hiu ng truyn nh sng.
Bi ton xc nh tnh cht vn (vn sng hay vn ti) ti mt im M bit x
M
.
Bi ton tm s vn sng, vn ti.
Bi ton giao thoa vi nh sng trng
- Tm s vn sng, vn ti ca cc bc x trng nhau ti mt im M cho trc.
PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011
Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 6 -

- iu kin trng vn, khong cch gia cc ln trng vn.
- B rng vng quang ph thu c trn mn.
Giao thoa nh sng m rng
- Giao thoa trong mi trng c chit sut n.
- Giao thoa khi ngun S b dch chuyn.
- Giao thoa vi bn mt song song.
(1 cu): My quang ph, cc loi quang ph:
My quang ph: cu to, chc nng ca cc b phn.
Quang ph lin tc: nh nghi, c im, ngun pht, ng dng.
Quang ph vch pht x: nh nghi, c im, ngun pht, ng dng.
Quang ph vch hp th: nh nghi, c im, iu kin c quang ph vch hp th.
(1 cu): Tia hng ngoi, tia t ngoi, tia X:
Tia hng ngoi: nh ngha, c im, ngun pht, ng dng
Tia t ngoi: nh ngha, c im, ngun pht, ng dng
Tia X: nh ngha, c im, phn loi, c ch pht sinh, ng dng.
Thang sng in t.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chng 6. Lng t nh sng, (6 cu).
(1 cu): Hin tng quang in ngoi, nh lut v gii hn quang in:
Khi nim v hin tng quang in ngoi.
iu kin xy ra hin tng quang in ngoi.
Tnh gii hn quang in, hoc cng thot.
(1 cu): Thuyt lng t nh sng, lng tnh sng ht ca nh sng:
Ni dung ca thuyt lng t nh sng.
Bi tp tnh ton lng t nh sng.
(1 cu): Hin tng quang in trong, quang dn
Hin tng quang in trong: khi nim, c im.
Hin tng quang dn: khi nim, c im, iu kin.
(1 cu): Hin tng quang pht quang, laze:
Khi nim v s pht quang.
Hin tng quang pht quang.
Hunh quang, ln quang.
Tia laze: c im, ng dng.
(2 cu): Mu nguyn t Borh:
Bi ton lin quan n bn knh Borh:
2
n o
r n r = .
Tnh nng lng ng vi cc qu o.
Tnh bc sng khi electron chuyn qu o.
Vng bc sng trong cc dy Lyman, Banmer, Pasen..
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PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011
Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 7 -

Chng 7. Vt l ht nhn, t vi m n v m, (5 cu).
(1 cu): Cu to ht nhn, ht khi, nng lng lin kt:
Cu to ht nhn.
Tnh ht khi, so snh ht khi ca cc ht nhn.
Tnh nng lng lin kt, nng lng lin kt ring. So snh bn vng ca cc ht da vo nng
lng lin kt ring.
(1 cu): Phng x:
Cc tia phng x: bn cht, c im.
Chu k bn r, hng s phng x.
Biu thc nh lut phng x, phng x.
(1 cu): Phn ng ht nhn, s phn hch, nhit hch:
Phn ng ht nhn
- Xc nh ht nhn trong phng trnh.
- Cc nh lut bo ton trong phn ng ht nhn.
- Tnh nng lng ta ra hoc thu vo ca phn ng.
Phn ng phn hch: nh ngha, c im, iu kin.
Phn ng nhit hch: nh ngha, c im, iu kin.
(1 cu): Bi tp phng x, phn ng ht nhn.
(1 cu): Cc ht s cp, h mt tri:
Cc ht s cp: nh ngha, phn loi, c im.
H mt tri: thnh phn cu thnh, c im.
II. PHN RING, (10 cu). TH SINH CH C CHN MT TRONG HAI PHN (phn A hoc B)
A Theo chng trnh Chun, (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50).
(2 cu): Dao ng c:
Con lc l xo.
Con lc n: s bin i chu k con lc n khi c cc tc ng bn ngoi.
(2 cu): Dng din xoay chiu.
(2 cu): Vt l ht nhn, t vi m n v m.
(1 cu): Sng c.
(1 cu): Dao ng in t.
(1 cu): Sng nh sng.
(1 cu): Lng t nh sng.
B Theo chng trnh Nng cao, (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50).
(4 cu): ng lc hc vt rn:
Phng trnh chuyn ng quay ca vt rn (2 cu):
- Tc gc, gia tc gc ca vt rn.
- Phng trnh chuyn ng ca vt rn quay u, quay bin i u.
- Vn tc, gia tc ca cht im trn vt rn quay.
M men qun tnh, m men lc (1 cu).
Bo ton ng lng, ng nng ca vt rn quay (1 cu).
PHN TCH CU TRC THI I HC MN VT L NM 2011
Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 8 -

(1 cu): Dao ng c:
Con lc l xo.
Con lc n.
(1 cu): Sng c:
Giao thoa sng.
Sng m.
Hiu ng Dopple
(*)
.
(1 cu): Dng in xoay chiu:
Cc tr.
Bin lun hp kn.
lch pha.
(1 cu): Dao ng in t hoc sng nh sng:
Nng lng ca mch dao ng.
Sng v tuyn.
Truyn thng bng sng in t.
Tn sc nh sng c lin quan n tnh ton bng cng thc lng knh.
Bi tp giao thoa nh sng.
(1 cu): Lng t nh sng:
Hin tng quang pht quang.
Bi tp quang in (s dng nh lut quang in II v III).

Gio vin : ng Vit Hng
Ngun : Hocmai.vn