Resisting spectators are transforming the problem of passive identification into active criticism. The development of black independent productions has sharpened the afro-american spectator's critical attitude towards Hollywood films. Black directors such as Charles burnett, billie woodberry and warington hutlin practice a 'cinema of the real' in which there is no manipulation of the look to bring the spectator to a passive state of identification.
Resisting spectators are transforming the problem of passive identification into active criticism. The development of black independent productions has sharpened the afro-american spectator's critical attitude towards Hollywood films. Black directors such as Charles burnett, billie woodberry and warington hutlin practice a 'cinema of the real' in which there is no manipulation of the look to bring the spectator to a passive state of identification.
Resisting spectators are transforming the problem of passive identification into active criticism. The development of black independent productions has sharpened the afro-american spectator's critical attitude towards Hollywood films. Black directors such as Charles burnett, billie woodberry and warington hutlin practice a 'cinema of the real' in which there is no manipulation of the look to bring the spectator to a passive state of identification.