Kinh dịch

KINH DCH O TRI V VIC NGI MC LC
(Nhn chut tri cng phm ctrl vo cc ni dung tm n mc cn tra cu) M U: 1 - Li dn. 2 - Li ni u ca Nguyn Hin L. I PHN MT: GII THIU. A- Chng 01: Ngun gc Kinh dch v ni dung phn Kinh. a- Ngun gc v truyn thuyt. 1-Truyn thuyt Vua Phc Hy lm ra Bt qui. 2- H v lc th. b- kin mt s hc gi ngy nay. c- Ni dung phn Kinh. B- Chng hai: Ni dung phn Truyn. a- Ai vit Thp dc. b- Ni dung Thp dc. C- Chng ba: Cc phi Dch hc. D- Chng bn: Thut ng v quy tc cn nh. 1- Thut ng. 2- Quy tc. 3- ngha cc Ho. 4-Tng quan gia cc Ho. 5- Php on Qu. 6- Cch gii thch tn Qu. E- Chng nm: o Tri. F- Chng su: Vic Ngi. G- Chng by: Tu thn o lm ngi II - PHN HAI: KINH V CHUYN. A- Kinh Thng. (Xem biu 64 qu) B- Kinh h. (Xem biu 64 qu) C- H t truyn. a- Thin Thng. b- Thin H. c- Ph lc. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHN M U 1 - LI DN NHP Kinh dch - o ca ngi t t

Nu cc bn thc s mun tm hiu mn khoa hc c xa ca nn vn ha la nc phng ng ny th iu u tin ti ngh cc bn hy kin tr v tht tnh tm, phi gt b tm thi nhng ham mun thng nht v xin hy tm gc nhng s thch khc sang mt bn tp trung cao vo vic nghin cu mn khoa hc kh nhn ny th may ra cng thu c i iu b ch t i ban u. Ging nh bn ang tm ti mt khu rng rm rp nhiu th d, cng cc loi cn trng, rn rtmi nguy him u c th xy ra; nhng nu bn bit tm ra li i chun mc, ng n th trong khu rng bn s gp c nhiu loi lm sn qu, thm tr c th tm c nhng kho vng, bc, qu, kim cng ca ngi xa li cn tim n u y ng sau nhng qu v ho v cng huyn b v kh hiu. ng bi quan bn i! hy dng cm ln. Mi thnh cng ln bao gi cng tim n mo him i hi tnh kin tr, sng to v ng nhin phi c mt quyt tm st khng chn bc v nn tr trc mi kh khn tr ngi. Nhng iu huyn b trong khu rng ny s c vn tm mn b mt dn dn nu cc bn lm theo nhng hng dn ca cc hc gi tin bi qua nhiu thi i vi bao thng trm bin i hng ngn nm nay. Uyn bc nh Khng T m cng phi c i c li n ba ln t chc. (Nhng thng tin c s ny ra i t khi cha c giy. Ngi xa vit ln bng tre ri dng chc thng kt li thnh sch). Ba ln t chc khng hiu l bao nhiu ln c cho n nay cha ai khng nh c. Ti c cun sch ny t mt trong nhng bn tho ca nh vn Nguyn Hin L lc cuc chin va ngng tin sng. Ti khng dm c cng khai v nu l ra th li thi to. B ph bnh hoc k lut nh chi v ngy cun trit hc c xa nht ca loi ngi ny tm thi b coi l: vn ha xu c ca ch li. Nu gi xem s b coi l tng tr v tim nhim t tng xuBn cnh rt nhiu sch bo l ci, vn c nhng nh vn chn chnh lu gi v dch thut nhng cun sch m ngy nay c khng nh l vn kin thc qu bu ca nhn loi. n nay trn th trng sch ca ta c qu nhiu ti liu nghin cu v cun sch ny. Mi sch vit theo nhng cch nhn v phng php ring nhng vn c mt im chung nht l tm ti v khng nh tnh khoa hc nguyn s, huyn b ca nhng cu ch, cm t ngn gn m n cha bit bao quan nim ca ngi xa v th gii quan v nhn sinh quan thun khit n l k khng th no bc b c. Ni cho cng, ngy nay hiu c ng nhng iu cng l rt kh ni chi n vic ph phn hay nh gi. Hn na tt nht l khng nn ph phn hoc nh gi khi cha hiu thu o nhng iu cn v cng b n t my ngn nm nay m vn cn ti mi v s cn mi mi vi mi thi i. l cun sch mang tn: KINH DCH sch dy ngh lm thy bi ca ngi xa. Tht may vi ci v bc dung d , KINH DCH cn tn ti cho ti ngy
nay m khng b t cng cc loi kinh khc di thi ng vua tn bo Trung hoa c i: Tn Thy Hong. V ngun gc v tc gi cun kinh ny cho n nay cng vn cn b ng cha nht qun theo mt quan nim no v cha cn c. Ta hy tm chp nhn l cun sch c xa ca nn vn ha la nc Phng ng. Hy cng xem v ngm chng ta s nhn ra dn dn nhng iu gin d m su sc n l thng ca cc siu qun xa vit li t thc tin hoang s, trm tch v huyn b ngy nay con chu vn au u suy ngm, lun bn khng bao gi coi l . Ngi Phng Ty cng dy cng nghin cu v mt trong nhng nh khoa hc c (leibniz) da vo k tha v pht trin thuyt Nh phn c s ca ton hc hin i v phng php k thut s (Digital) c vn dng rng ri v hu ch trong nhiu ngnh khoa hc hin nay.
TR LI MC LC
BIU 64 QU DCH
THNG THIN
THY
05
SN
I TRNG 34 GII 40 TIU QU 62 THUN CHN 51 HNG 32 PHONG 55 D 16 QUY MUI 54
LI
PHONG
HA
THI 11 S 07 KHIM 15 PHC 24 THNG 46 MINH DI 36 THUN KHN 02 LM 19
TRCH
43
H THIN

LI
THUN CN 01 TNG 06 N 33 V VNG 25 CU 44 NG NHN 13 B 12 L 10
NHU
I SC 26 MNG 04 CN 52 DI 27 C 18 B 22 BC 23 TN 41
TIU SC 09 HON 59 TIM 53 CH 42 THUN TN 57 GIA NHN 37 QUN 20 TRUNG PHU 61
I HU 14 V T 64 L 56 PH HP 21 NH 50 THUN LI 30 TN 35 KHU 38
QUI
THY
THUN KHM 29 KIN 39 TRUN 03 TNH 48 K T 63 T 08 TIT 60
KHN 47 HM 31 TY 17 I QU 28 CCH 49 TU 45 THUN OI 58
SN
PHONG
HA
TRCH
2-
Li ni u ca C nh vn Nguyn Hin L
Kinh dch - o ca ngi qun t

Ti vit tp ny ch hng dn cc bn mun tm hiu trit l trong Kinh Dch, tc v tr quan, nht l nhn sinh quan, cch s th trong Kinh Dch
m ti gi l o Dch, o ca bc chnh nhn qun t thi xa . V vy ti b bt phn bi ton, huyn b v rn trnh by mt cch c h thng, sng sa t tng ca c nhn. Mc du vy, sch vn kh c, v cho cc bn tn cng, ti xin c t li hng dn di y. Vic u tin l c Bng Mc Lc bit qua ba ni dung ca sch . Sch gm 2 phn: - Phn 1: Gii thiu, c 6 chng, t I n VI. - Phn II: Kinh v truyn: Kinh th ti dch trn 64 qu, Truyn th ch dch H t truyn. Phn I - Chng I v II quan trng, bn nn c k: - Chng III c nh v hiu c ngh Kinh Dch. - Chng IV rt quan trng, nn c rt k, ch no khng hiu th nh u ngoi l sau coi li. c xong Chng IV ri, nn hy tm nhy chng V v VI m c tip ngay bn dch 64 qu trong phn II. Mi ngy ch c 2,3 qu thi, c k cho hiu . c c mi qu th nhng qu sau s thy d hiu. - Chng IV gip bn hiu 64 qu, m 64 qu cng gip bn hiu thm chng IV, v vy trong khi c 64 qu bn nn thng tra li chng IV, lc bn s hiu nhng ch nh du ngoi l m ln u tin bn cha hiu . Cng vic xong ri, bn c k Chng V v VI Phn I v lc ny bn hiu c ngha trong hai chng quan trng , nht l Chng VI. c ln u d k ti u cng cha gi l hiu ht, nht l cha nh c g nhiu . Ngh mt thi gian, bn nn c li ln th nh, ln ny mau hn ln trc. Ri lu lu bn nn coi li nhng ch bn cho l quan trng cn nh . Mun hiu thm Kinh Dch, bn nn tm c nhng sch ti gii thiu trong cun sch ny. Cch tm mt qu: Mi qu c s th t ca n trong kinh, thnh phn v tn. V d: Qu (hnh qu hai m, hai dng, hai m) s th t l 62, thnh phn l Li (hai m, mt dng) trn, Sn (mt dng hai m) di, tn l: Li Sn Tiu Qu. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)
I - PHN MT: GII THIU.

A - Chng 1 NGUN GC KINH DCH V NI DUNG PHN KINH a - NGUN GC v TRUYN THUYT: Mt sch bi m thnh sch trit. Khp th gii c l khng c b sch no k d nh b Kinh Dch. N l mt trong ba b kinh c nht ca Trung hoa, sau
Kinh Thi v Kinh Th, nhng ngun gc ca n - tc bt qui - th c th sm hn vo cui i n, 1.200 nm trc Ty Lch. N khng do mt ngi vit m do nhiu ngi gp sc trong mt ngn nm, t Vn Vng nh Chu mi n u i Ty Hn n mi c hnh thc gn nh hnh thc ngy nay chng ta c bit t Ty Hn n nay, trn 2.000 nm na, thi no cng c ngi tm hiu n thm, em ring ca mnh v t tng ca thi i gii vo n, khin cho ngha v cng dng ca n mi ngy mt nhiu v mt xa ngun gc. Do , khng th gi n l tc phm ca mt nh no c, khng phi ca Khng gia cng khng phi ca Lo gia, v V ng, tc gi b Trung Quc trit hc i cng (Thng v n th qun) gi n l tc phm chung ca mt phi, phi Dch hc, m nhng ngi trong phi ny gm nhiu trit gia xu hng khc nhau. Mi u n ch l sch bi, ti cui i Chu thnh mt sch trit l tng hp nhng t tng v v tr quan, nhn sinh quan ca dn tc Trung Hoa thi Tin Tn; qua i Hn n bt u c mu sc tng s hc, mun gii thch v tr bng biu tng v s mc, ti i Ng i n c dng trong mn l s i Tng n thnh l hc; ngy nay mt s nh bc hc phng Ty nh C.G Jung tm l gia ni danh ca c v Raymond de Becker (Php) mun dng n phn tch tim thc con ngi, coi n l mt phng php phn tm hc. iu k d nht l mn "dch hc" n ch dng trn thuyt m dng , trn mt vch lin ___ tng trng cho dng, mt vch t _ _ tng trng cho m, hai vch chng ln nhau, i ln cho nhau nhiu ln thnh ra tm hnh bt qui, ri tm hnh bt qui ny li chng ln ln nhau thnh su mi bn hnh mi:Lc thp t qui . Dng su mi bn hnh ny, ngi Trung Hoa din c tt c cc quan nim v v tr, v nhn sinh, t nhng hin tng trn tri di t, nhng lut thin nhin ti nhng dng, nhng cng vic thng ngy nh tr nc, ra qun, tr nh, ci hi, n ung , x th... Cc ng "Thnh" Trung Hoa qu thc c mt sng kin mi m, mt sc tng tng, suy lun l lng, khin ngi phng Ty ngc nhin v c ngi u (J.Lavier) dng mt vi qu gii thch mt vi hin tng khoa hc, s tin trin ca khoa hc. S kin dng hai vch ging v tr, x hi tht t ai quan nim ni, cho nn ngay ngi Trung Hoa to ra nhiu truyn thuyt gii thch ngun gc Kinh Dch. Truyn thuyt v Kinh Dch. Nhng truyn thuyt nhiu khi mu thun, v l, nh huyn thoi, nhng v c nhiu ngi tin chc hoc nh phi chp nhn v khng c thuyt no hn cho nn chng ta cn bit qua, ch i su th theo ti, ch mt th gi v ch. 1. Truyn thuyt vua Phc Hy to ra bt qui: Theo T Hi th Phc Hy cn c tn l Bo Hy, Thi Ho v.v. . . l mt trong ba ng vua thi Thi c, hai ng kia l Tai Nhn, Thn Nng. Phc Hy dy dn sn bn, nh c, nui sc vt, to ra bt qui v th kh (vn t, kh c). Khng hiu Phc Hy th k no, c sch ni l th k 43, c sch ni l th k 34 trc Ty Lch ng lm vua 115 nm, truyn c 15 i, ri ti Tai Nhn dy dn di cy hay c hai ming g vi nhau m ly la. Thn Nng dy lm rung. Nh vy th Phc Hy khng phi l tn mt ngi (cng nh So Th, Tai
Nhn Th, Thn Nng Th), ch l mt tn ngi i sau t ra tng trng mt thi i, thi i dn tc Trung Hoa cn n lng l, sng bng sn bn, hi lm, cha th c vn t c mun ghi chp vic g th dng cch buc nt (kt thng) hoc ly nhn gch nhng vch ln mt khc cy nh mt s dn tc lc hu hin nay cn sng tha tht gia Phi Chu, c Chu, Nam M Chu. Ni bt qui th c t thi , cch thi chng ta nm, su ngn nm th n ch c th l nhng vch nh du cho d nh, nh nhng con s thi, ch khng c g khc (chng ti s tr li im ny on sau) Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT
2 - H v Lc th - sng H hin ra bc , sng Lc hin ra trang ch, thnh nhn phng theo (H Xut , Lc Xut Th, Thnh Nhn Tc Chi) Tuy an khng ni r, nhng t n vo ton thin th phi hiu rng Phc Hy phng theo bc hin ra sng H, trang ch hin ra Sng Lc vch ra bt qui. - Ngy xa h Bo Hi (tc Phc Hi) cai tr thin h , ngng ln th xem cc hnh tng trn tri, ci xung th xem cc php tc di t, xem cc vn v ca chim mung cng nhng thch nghi vi tri t (ca tng min), gn th ly thn mnh, xa th ly vt, ri lm ra bt qui, thng sut cc c thn minh v iu ha ci tnh ca vn vt (C gi Bo c ngi c l Bao Hi th chi vng thin h d, ngng tc quan tng thin, ph tc quan php a, quan iu th chi vn d thin a chi nghi, cn th ch thn, vin th ch vt, th thy tc bt qui d thng thn minh ch c, d loi vn vt ch tnh). Nh vy l ngay trong Kinh Dch c hai thuyt mu thun nhau ri, u dng Tu, mt vn ho i Bc Tng vch ra ch mu thun trong tp: Dch ng T Vn. i ng bo: an trn (chng 11 thng truyn) ni rng bt qui l do tri sai long m sng H i ln m giao cho Phc Hi, khng phi do ngi lm ra (phi nhn chi s vi, th thin chi s ging ), an di (chng 2 h truyn) li bo bt qui l do ngi lm (Phc Hi xem cc hin tng trn tri di t m vch ra), bc hin trn sng H khng d g ti (th nhn chi s vi, h bt d yn), vy th bit tin thuyt no? Cu H xut , Lc xut th, thnh nhn tc chi dn trn li m m na, v ch thnh nhn khng ch r ai, mt ng thnh hay nhiu ng thnh ? C ngi hiu l 2 ng thnh. Phc Hy v vua V nh H (2-205-2.197) Do pht sinh ra ti 4 thuyt: - Phc Hy xem xt cc hin tng trn tri m vch ra bt qui (ngi i sau gi l Tin thin Bt Qui) - Phc Hy phng theo H (bc hin sng H) m vch ra bt qui. - Phc Hy phng theo c H ln Lc Th ( trang ch xut hin sng Lc) m vch ra bt qui, H v Lc Th vy l cng xut hin trong i Phc
Hi (thuyt ny ca Du Dim i Tng). Lc Th khng xut hin i Phc Hy m xut hin trong i vua V nh H, ngha l khong mt hai ngn nm sau, v vua V phng theo n vch ra bt qui (ngi i sau gi l Hu thin bt qui). Bt qui ny cng y ht bt qui trn, ch c v tr cc hnh l khc thi (ti s xt trong mt an sau) v t ra Cu tr hng phm, tc chn lai v qui phm ln ca tri t, ni cho d hiu l chn phng php cai tr thin h. Nhng Cu tr hng phm chng lin quan g ti Kinh Dch c. V H , truyn thuyt bo rng i Phc Hy c mt con Long m (lai nga thn, hnh th nh con rng mnh xanh lc c vn , xut hin trn sng Hang H, i mt bn d, bn l sch mnh tri ban cho Phc Hi tr thin h. Nhng i sau mi khi c thnh vng xut hin nh i vua Nghu, vua Thun . . .u c tri ban cho H . Cn v Lc Th th trong khi vua V tr thy, thy mt con ra thn cng do tri sai xung hin ln sng Lc mt chi nhnh ca sng Hang H trn lng c nhng nt m t 1 n 9. Thuyt H chc kh ph bin i Chu, chnh Khng t cng tin. Lun ng, Thin t Hn, bi 8, ng than th vi mn : chim Phng chng n, bc chng hin trn sng (Hang) H, ta ht hy vng ri (Phng iu bt ch, H bt xut , ng d h ph! Chim Phng v H m xut hin l im thnh vng ra i, Khng t khng thy hai vt , cho rng thnh vng khng ra i, o ca ng khng sao thi hnh c. C th ng cng tin rng i Phc Hi c H xut hin, cn nh ng c cho rng Phc Hi phng theo H m vch ra bt qui hay khng th khng c g lm chc (trong mt chng sau, chng ti s ch r H t truyn thng v h khng phi ca ng vit). Hnh H v Lc Th hi mi xut hin ra sao, khng ai bit. Ngi ta bo n mt t th k th VII trc TL. (ngha l trc thi Khng t hn 100 nm), mi ti thi Hn V (149-86) tc nm th k sau, mt ngi chu i th mi hai ca Khng T, l Khng An Quc, mt hc gi, i thn ca V khng hiu cn c vo u lp 2 hnh , truyn li i sau, ri li mi n i Tng Huy Tn (1101-1125) khong mi hai th k sau Khng An Quc, hai hnh mi c in trn sch nh chng ta thy di y: Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT
LC TH
C trn hai hnh (gi chung v tt l th) nhng vng trn vng u l s dng (l), nhng vng trn u l s m (chn) - Trn hnh H , hng a v b, mi hng c 5 vng , cng vi nhau thnh 10, 10 l s m. - Chng ta nhn thy c nhng s l: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 cng li l 25, v nhng s chn: 2. 4. 6. 8. 10 cng c li l 30. - Cng 25 (l) vi 30 (chn) c 55. - Trn hnh Lc Th, c nhng s l: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, cng c li l 25, y nh trn H , cn s chng ch c 2, 4, 6, 8, cng l 20. - Cng 25 (l) vi 20 (chn) c 45. Nhng vng trn (c ngi gi l nt) trn Lc Th c b tr trn mnh con ra thn nh sau: u i chn, ui mt, hai vai (hay hai chn trc) 2 v 4, hai chn sau 6 v 8, gia lng 5. Chng ti xin c gi : Long m l mt con vt trong huyn thai, cn Ra thn m mang trn lng nhng vng trn en trng nh vy cng l mt huyn thai na! Sao 2 hnh ging nhau th: S dng (l) u l 25, gia u c s 5, nhng vng trn y ht nhau m sao hnh trn khng gi l nh hnh di, li gi l Th, nht l so snh nhng hnh vi hnh bt qui th d giu tng tng ti my cng khng th bo rng bt qui phng theo hai hnh c. iu ny cng rt ng na. Trn hnh Lc Th, m t tri qua phi ta thy: - Hng trn c nhng s: 4 (vng ), 9 (vng vng), 2 (vng ). - Hng gia c nhng s: 3 (vng vng), 5 (vng vng 7 (vng vng). - Hng di c nhng s: 8 (vng ), 1 (vng vng), 6 (vng ). - Ta th sp xp nhng con s thnh mt hnh vung nh di y (gi l hnh Ma phng Hnh vung ma qui Ma trn vung).
Ri cng nhng s theo hng ngang: Hng trn: 4 + 9 + 2 = 15 Hng gia: 3 + 5 + 7 = 15 Hng di: 8 + 1 + 6 = 15 Cng theo hng dc: Hng bn tri: 4 + 3 + 8 = 15 Hng gia : 9 + 5 + 1 = 15 Hng bn phi: 2 + 7 + 6 = 15 Cng theo hai ng cho ca hnh vung cng c: 4 + 5 + 6 = 15 v 2 + 5 + 8 = 15 Hnh vung k d , ngi phng Ty cng tm thy t thi c, dng n lm ba, cho nn gi n l Carr magique: Ma phng. Trong thin nhin u c hnh nh vy, phi l do c sng to ca lai ngi. R rng l Khng An Quc hay mt ngi no khc ba ra c ging v tr bng nhng con s, to nn mn Tng S Hc cc k huyn b. Do m i sau c ngi ln ting mng Khng An Quc l k c ti nng nht vi thnh nhn (m ch Khng t, c t 12 i ca Khng An quc) , lm cho kinh Dch mt ngha trit l su xa i m bin n thnh mt tc phm v ngha l. Thc ra ngi u tin c ti l k vit Chng 9 H t thng truyn kia (coi phn dch sau). Khng An Quc cn c vo ch khng han tan pha ra ht. Nhng b ngi ny mng th li c ngi khc khen l c cng vi Dch hc,
lm cho ngha Kinh Dch thm phong ph v Kinh Dch nh mt phn thnh mt k th. Th t chuyn dch theo hnh mi tn di y s l c s cho mn Thm th huyn khng hc sau ny cc bn s nghin cu thm. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT
b - KIN MT S HC GI NGY NAY Thuyt Phc Hi phng theo H , Lc Th m vch bt qui nht nh l khng th tin c, m thuyt ng xem xt cc hnh tng trn tri, cc php tc di t, cc vn v ca chim mung th cng rt kh chp nhn. T u th k n nay, ngi ta o c An Dng (tnh H Nam ngy nay) hng vn hng c gip ct (mai, ym ra v xng vai, xng chu ca tru, b, nga . . .) i Thng (1766-1401), trn thy khc nhiu qu bi. y l mt qu trch trong cun East Asia The Great tradition (Modern Asia ditions Tokyo 1962)
Ba ch bn tri l ba ch gia l hai ch bn phi l hai ch di cng l: ngha l: Ngy Tn mo hi qy thn (bi): ngy hm nay, ngy Tn, c ma hay khng ma? Chng ta thy, ch thi nay cn phng pht nh ch thi , nht l nhng ch: Nhng trn nhng gip ct v c trn nhng ng i Thng, tuyt nhin khng thy hnh bt qui. S thc l t i Thng v trc cha c bt qui. Ngi i Thng ch mi bit li bi bng ym ra gi l bc . ngi ta ly ym ch khng phi mai con ra (v ym mm hn, d nt hn mai), dng mi nhn m vo nhng ch lm, ri h trn la nhng ch lm nt ra, ri ty vt nt c hnh ra sao m an qu tt hay xu. Cui i n hay qua i Chu ngi ta mi tm c cch bi bng c thi (ting khoa hc gi l Achillea sbirica), mt th cy nh cao khang mt thc nh cy cc, c hoa trng hoc hng nht. Cch bi gi l ph v dng bt qui m an, gin d hn cch bi bng ym ra. V hnh nt nt trn ym ra khng c hn li kh bin gii, cn nhng qu v ho trong php bi bng c thi c hn, li di mi qu, mi ho c li an sn, nht nh, khi bi gp qu no, ho no, c theo li an sn m suy lun, cng vic d dng hn nhiu. V vy m php bi o mi u gi l d : d dng. Ch d ny vi ch dch l mt. V sau, khng bit t thi no mi gi l dch. Theo thuyt ca D Vnh Lng trong tp san Nghin cu Lch s ngn ng ca Trung ng nghin cu vin (Phng Hu Lan dn trongTrung quc Trit hc s - Chng 15), th bt qui ch c th xut hin trong i n, t cui i
thng n u i Chu, v bt qui to ra ch bi. Li cn mt thuyt mi na ca Trn Thc Am trong tp Tiu Hc thc t Gio bn do Nghim Linh Phong dn trong tp Dch Hc Tn Lun (Chnh trung th cc n hnh i Bc 1971) Trn Thc Am cho rng bt qui ch l nhng con s thi xa Trung hoa cha dng thp tin php (numration dcimale), cha n mi ch 7 s thi, tc ch dng tht tin php. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 S 7 ngc li vi s 1 v a v ca n nh a v s 10 trong thp tin php, cn qu (oi) ngc li vi qu (cn) s 2, l s my th ti khng bit. H Trn cn bo v dng tht tin php cho nn thi gi by ngy l mt tun, cng ngi cht th 7 tun tc 49 ngy gi l mn tht; t i n, i Chu tr i mi dng thp tin php, v truy nim ngi cht khi c 10 tun (mi tun 10 ngy) tc 100 ngy. i sau, ngi Trung Hoa truy nim theo c hai cch . Thuyt ny mi qu, ngc li vi thuyt trn v v nu vy th bt qui phi c t i Thng, tr v trc, sao khng thy trn cc gip ct ? V li nu hnh trn gip ct chng ti sao li trang trn ng l i Thng th i , ngi Trung bit kt hp thp can (gip, t, bnh, inh . . .qu) vi thp nh chi (ti, su, dn, mo .. .hi) ch ngy, thng v nm th l no li khng bit thp tin php ? V nhng l m chng ti cha dm tin Trn Thc Am. Do Lng nghi thnh T tng ri thnh Bt qui. Tm li, bt qui do ai to ra, t thi no, ti nay vn cn l mt b mt, sau ny cng khng chc g tm ra c manh mi. By gi chng ta c hy tm cho rng n c trc i Vn Vng nh Chu (th k XII tr. T.L) v do mt hay nhiu b c siu qun v danh no dng hai vch lin v t chng ln nhau, thay i ln nhau m to nn. Trong i Cng Trit Hc Trung Quc Thng tr.451, chng ti ch mt cch chng cc vch trch trong Kinh th ch yu ca Si Trm. Di y l mt cch na. Mi u ch c lng nghi l dng (vch lin) v m (vch t) , Chng ta ly dng chng ln dng , ri ly m chng ln dng, c hai hnh tng , Bn y cng vy, chng ta ly m chng ln m, ri ly dng chng ln m, c hai hnh tng na: , (vch dng, vch dng)1 (vch m, Vch dng)2 (vch m, vch m)3 (Vch dng, Vch m)4 Nh vy c bn hnh tng, gi l t tng. T tng c tn l thi dng, thiu dng, thi m, thiu m. Chng ti theo V ng gi hnh 1 l thi dng, hnh 2 l thiu dng, hnh 3 l thi m , hnh 4 l thiu m. Do l chng ti dn trong i Cng Trit hc
Trung Quc Thng, tr 171, nhiu sch cho hnh 4 l thiu dng, hnh 2 l thiu m T tng tng trng cho nht, nguyt, tinh thn (mt tri, mt trng, nh tinh v hnh tinh .) V trong tp ny chng ti ch ch trng n bt qui, n phn trit hc, nn khng xt v t tng thuc v thin vn hc. Sau cng chng ta ly dng ln lt chng ln c bn hnh trn, theo th t 1, 2, 3, 4 Ri ly m ln lt chng ln cng c bn hnh theo th t 3, 4, 1, 2 c: Cn (I), ly (II), Cn (III), Tn (IV) ,
Khn (V) , Khm (VI), oi (VII) , Chn (VIII) Nh vy c ht thy 8 hnh gi l bt qui, tm qu. Mi qu c 3 vch gi l 3 ho xut hin ln ln t di ln, cho nn khi gi tn cng khi an qu, phi m, xt t di ln, ho di cng l ho 1, ri ln ho 2, ho 3. : Cn (hay kin) vi thin l tri c c cng mnh, l n ng. : khn vi a l t, c c nhu thun, l n b. : li vi ha l la, sng. : Khm vi thy l nc, him tr. : cn vi sn l ni, yn tnh. : oi (hay oi) vi trch l chm(m), vui v. : tn vi phong l gi, vo. : chn vi li l sm, ng Tm qu cn nhiu ngha na, nh ngha v cc ngi trong nh, v phng hng, mu sc, lai vt . . . , nhng chng ta hy bit by nhiu thi. iu cn nht l cc bn tr phi thuc r 8 hnh trn, h trng thy hnh no, chng hn hnh (Tn) th phi gi c tn ca n, v tn vi phong, ngc li h nghe thy ni qu tn, hay ch nghe thy ni phong, l phi v ngay c hnh n. Ngy xa, nh Nho dng mt thut nh, l hc thuc lng 8 cu di y: Cn tam lin (ba vch lin) Khn lc an (su vch t) Chn ngng vu (bt nga) Cn Phc uyn (chn p) Khm trung mn (y trong) Li trung h (rng trong) ai thng khuyt (h trn) Tn h on (t di) Nhng bn no khng bit ch Hn c th theo cch ny ca ti: Trc ht chng ta b qu Cn v qu Khn i v ai cng cng nh ngay ri, cn
li 6 qu m c 1 ho m (mt vch t), tc qu Li
, qu ai
qu tn , 3 qu cn li khm , cn , chn u c mt ho dng mt vch lin. Chng ta ch cn nh v tr ba vch t trong 3 qu c 1 ho m thi. Qu Li l la th vch t gia, nh hnh ming l. Qu ai l chm (m) th vch t trn cng, nh ch trng trn mt t . Qu tn l gi th vch t tt phi di cng . Vch t, m tng trng s mm mi, du dng ca gi. Nh nh vy ri th v c ba qu v hai ho kia ca mi qu l vch lin (dng). V c 3 qu ri th v c ba qu tri vi chng v ngha cng nh v cc vch: Khm (nc) tri vi (li (la), th gm mt vch lin gia cn li hai vch kia t Cn (ni) tri vi ai (chm) ni th ni ln trn mt t, chm th trng xung vch lin trn cng. Chn (sm): tri vi Tn (gi) Sm ng mnh, gi thi nh - vch lin di cng Tin thin v hu thin bt qui: Tng truyn l tm qu mi u Phc Hi sp theo vng trn hnh I bn tri, ri sau Vn vng sp li theo hnh II
Hnh I : Tin thin bt qui Hnh II: Hu thin bt qai Thuyt cha tin c : khng c g chng rng bt qui trc thi Vn Vng c phi sp nh hnh I khng, m trong phn kinh ca Chu dch cng khng c ch no ni ti vic Vn Vng sp li bt qui. Ch trong phn truyn (Thuyt qui truyn, Chng III) chng ta thy cu ny: Tri v t v tr nh ri, ci kh (kh lc) ca ni v chm thng vi nhau, sm gi ni ln vi nhau, nc v la chng dit nhau, tm qu cng giao vi nhau (Thin a nh vi, sn trch thng kh, li phong tng bc thy bt tng x, bt qui tng thc). Trong an tc gi sp bt qui thnh tng cp tri nhau nh trong hnh I: cn vi khn, cn vi ai, chn vi tn, li vi khm. Nhng trong Chng V cng thuyt qui truyn li c cu xut h chn: V ch t trn tri xut hin phng chn, th li hp vi hnh II v hnh ny t chn phng ng (phng mt tri mc) cn hnh I t chn ng bc (chng ta nn nh trn cc bn thi c ca Trung Hoa, bn phng t ngc vi bn ngy nay ngha l h t bc di, nam trn, ng bn tri, ty bn mt). Hnh I gi l tin thin bt qui, hnh II l hu thin bt qui. Hai tn khng c trong Kinh Dch, hin nhin l do ngi i sau, hoc mt i Hn, hoc Thiu Khang Tit t ra. Tin Thin bt qui c ngha l bt qui tng trng v tr (thin) hi u,
hu thin bt qui tng trng v tr hi sau. Hi u l hi no? Hi sau l hi no? Khng ai bit chc. C ngi ging hi u l hi v tr cn v hnh, hi sau l hi v tr thnh hnh. V l: khi v tr cn v hnh th sao c ni, c chm? C ngi li ging tin thin bt qui l nhng hin tng xy ra trn cc thin th (ngha l khi v tr thnh hnh), cn hu thin l nhng hin tng trn mt t (Bu Cm: Tm hiu Kinh Dch Si gn 1957) . Vy l trn cc thin th cng c tri, c t, c ni, chm . . . nh trn tri t ? C ngi em thin vn hc ca phng Ty m ging tin thin bt qui, chng hn bo Cn gm ba ho dng, tan l dng kh, sng rc r chnh l mt bin la, mt nh tinh, khn c ba ho m, tan kh m, en lnh, c th v cc sao en ti ca nh thin vn hc Emile Belot v.v. (Bi Th Bch Trm Thin Vn Hu 1942 do Nguyn Duy Cn dn trong dch hc tinh hoa_Saigon 1973) T khi my s hc gi i Hn dng Kinh Dch ging v thin vn, ngun gc v tr, nht l t khi c hai hnh tin thin v hu thin bt qui, chc c nhiu ngi cn c vo hai hnh y, ri vo hai hnh H , Lc Th m lp ra nhng thuyt mi sau ny khoa hc thin vn ca phng Ty c mt pht kin no mi th tt s c nhng ngi ging li, tin thin v hu thin cho hp vi nhng pht kin mi. Ch c tm hnh hai mi bn vch lin v t, cho nn s rt d gy s tng tng ca con ngi. So snh hai hnh I v II, chng ti thy v tr ca cc qu thay i ht: hnh I, Cn Nam, Khn Bc, L ng, Khm Ty Hnh II, Cn Ty Bc,Khn Ty Nam, Li nam, khm bc Nu qu l do vn Vng sp li bt qui thi ti sao ng li thay i nh vy? ng Li phng Nam, c l, m Khm phng Bc, k nh cng c l. V Khm tri vi Li, nc tri vi la, Bc tri vi Nam. Nhng ti sao ng khng cho Cn i vi Khn, nh trong hnh I? m cho n vi Tn? v khn i vi Cn Chng ti th tht khng hiu ni. Kinh Dch khng ging g cho ta v nhng im c. Trong Kinh Dch cn c nhiu iu kh hiu na, chng ta nh phi chp nhn thi(1). Trng qui: Chng ta bit lng nghi chng ln nhau mt ln thnh t tng, chng ln mt ln na l bt qui. Ch c 8 qu vi 24 ho th khng th din c nhiu hin tng, s vic, nn li phi chng ln thm mt ln na. ln ny khng ly 1 vch m hay dng nh ln th nh, m ly trn mt qu chng ln tt c 8 qu; chng hn thy qu Cn chng ln cn v 7 qu kia, ly qu Li chng ln Li v c 7 qu kia, nh vy mi qu thnh ra 8 qu mi ,tm qu thnh 64 qu mi, mi qu mi gm 6 ho, cng l 64 x 6 : 384 ho, tm din c kh nhiu hin tng ,s vic ri. Ti y ngng, v nu chng thm na th nhiu qu , s ri nh bng bong. Su mi bn qu mi ny gi l trng qui (qu trng) phn bit vi tm qu nguyn thy gi l n qui (qu n). Ai lm cng vic trng qui ? C bn thuy: Vng Bt (i Ngy) cho rng Phc Hi to ra bt qui ri t mnh trng qui. Trnh Huyn (i Hn) cho rng Thn Nng trng qui. Tn Thnh (khng r i no) cho l vua V nh H. T M Thin (i Hn) cho l Vn Vng.
Hai thuyt cui tri vi H t, v theo H t h truyn, chng II th: Bo Hi mt ri, Thn Nng ln thay (.) ly hnh tng qu Ph hp (tc mt trong 64 qu trng) m ny ra cho dn hp ch, trao i sn vt. Vy l i Thn nng c trng qui ri, i H v i Chu sau Thn Nng c my ngn nm, khng l cn lm vic trng qui na. M thuyt th nh cng kh tin. Thn Nng lm cng vic trng qui ri li do hnh tng v tn mt qu ng to ra (qu Ph Hp) m ny ra hp ch? (coi phn II H t h, cui Chng II) Rt cuc, nu tin H t th phi chp nhn thuyt th nht: Chnh phc Hi to ra 8 n qui ri thy n khng thng thn minh chi c, lai vn vt chi tnh (H t h - Chng II), nn t trng, tc t chng cc qu ln nhau thnh 64 trng qui. Nhng Phc Hi ( v c Thn Nng na) u l nhng nhn vt huyn thai v nh trn chng ta ni, bt qui khng th c t i Thng tr v trc c. Vy th ch c th do mt ngi no trong i n to ra bt qui ri c l Vn Vng i Chu lm cng vic trng qui. Thuyt ny tri vi H t truyn tht nhng H t truyn ng tin hay khng? a s cc nh Dch hc i sau chp nhn thuyt 1 v thuyt 4, cho nn chng ta thy h dng c tin thin bt qui (h cho l ca Phc HI) v hu thin bt qui ca Vn Vng, do c hai cch trng qui, mt cch theo tin thin bt qui, mt cch theo hu thin bt qui. Theo Tin thin bt qui, c th bt u t qu Cn hay qu khn. D bt u t qu no th cch chng qu cng nh nhau: mi u theo chiu ngc kim ng h, gp qu Cn (nu bt u t qu khn) hoc gp qu Khn (nu bt u t qu Cn) th ngng li, ri quay tr li bt tip t qu bn cnh Cn hay Khn m theo chiu thun kim ng h, chng nt cho ht tm qu. Phng v 64 qu ca Phc Hi coi cc trang sau bt u t qu khn (qu u hng trn hnh vung gia ), cho nn di y ti cng chng theo cch . KHN : chng ln khn thnh qu thun khn (qu s O trn Phng V S 0 ny do ti nh, theo Leibniz, coi cc trang sau c gi s hiu ti sao). CN: chng ln khn thnh qu s 1 trn . KHM : -nt- 2 -ntTN : -nt- 3 -ntTi y b chiu ngc kim ng h, bt t qu Chn ( bn cnh Khn) m theo chiu thun kim ng h chng tip: CHN: chng ln khn thn qu s 4. LI : -nt- 5. AI: -nt- 6. CN : -nt- 7, tc qu Thin a B. (Cn l thin, Khn l a, cho nn gi l Thin a, cn B l tn qu cho ngha ca qu: b tc, nh b trong b cc thi lai Th l ht mt vng bt u l Khn, cui cng l Cn. Mt qu Khn ra tm qu ng hng u trn hnh gia Phng v, t s 0 n s 7. Qua vng th nh, cng bt u t qu Khn m chng theo hai chiu: chiu ngc: Khn chng ln Cn , Cn ln Cn, Khn ln Cn, Tn ln Cn; ri theo chiu thun: chn ln Cn, Li ln Cn, ai ln Cn, cn ln Cn. c 8 qu na
t s 8 n s 15 trn hng nh gia hnh. Nh vy chng 8 vng, c 8 hng, 64 qu, qu cui cng s 63 l qu Thun Cn. Trng qui theo cch th nh, dng hu thin bt qui th bt u t qu Cn ri tun t theo chiu thun kim ng h, chng: Qu Cn ln cn, c qu Thun Cn. Qu Khm ln cn, c qu Sn Thin i Sc, v.v. . ti qu cui cng l qe ai, c qu Trch Thin Qui. Nh vy l ht mt vng, c mt nhm 8 trng qui. Qua vng th nh, bt u t qu Khm, li chng: Qu Cn ln, c qu Thin Thy Tng. Qu Khm ln (vn theo chiu thun) c qu Thun khm. Qu Cn ln, c qu Sn Thy Mng v.v. . ti qu ai, c qu Trch Thy Khn. Nh vy l ht vng th nh, c mt nhm 8 trng qui na. Chng ht 8 vng ,c 64 trng qui. Cch chng ny gin d hn cch trn, c nhiu sch dn, mc du khng ni r l ca Vn Vng, nh v dng th t cc qu trong hu thin bt qui ca Vn Vng, nn chng ti gi l sch ca Vn Vng. Cui sch ny c mt bng 64 qu chng theo sch (coi Ph Lc biu 64 qu). Chng theo cch no th kt qu cng nh nhau, v cng c 8 qu thun, gi l bt thun (thun ngha l Cn li chng ln Cn, Khm li chng ln Khm, Cn li chng ln Cn .) Ngai ra , cc sch bi v l s cn c mt cch sp qu theo tng nhm na nh: Nhm Trng cn gm Thun Cn, Thin Phong Cu, Thin Sn n, Thin a B, Phong a Quan, Sn a Bc, Ha a Tn, Ha Thin i hu. 1 Thun cn 2 Thin PhongCu 3 Thin Sn n 4 Thin a B 5 Phong i Qun 6 Sn a Bc 7 Ha a Tn 8 Ha Thin i Hu Chng ta nhn xt s bin i ca cc ho dng thnh m theo th t: t di ln, ln n ho 5 ( qu Sn a Bc) th bin ngc tr xung, m thnh dng. - Nhm Trng Khm gm Thun Khm, Thy Trch Tit, Thy Li Trun, Thy Ha K T, Trch Ha Cch, Li Phong Hng, a Ha Minh Di, a Thy s v.v. . . - Trong mi nhm nh vy, qu Thun l qu ci, cn 7 qu kia l qu con. Cch ny chc xut hin tr, t i Ng i hay i Tng v ch dng vo vic bi tan hay an s, nn chng ta bit qua vy thi, khng cn nh. Ni Qui v Ngai Qui: Mi qu trng gm hai qu n, qu n, di gi l ni qui, qu trn gi l ngai qui. V d qu Thin Phong Cu th Thin, tc Cn l ngai qui, Phong tc
tn l ni qui. Mi qu trng gm su ho, nh s t di ln: ho 1 gi l S, ho 2 gi l nh, ho 3 gi ltam, ho 4 gi l t, ho 5 gi l ng, ho trn cng khng gi l lc m gi l thng (c mt an sau c gi s hiu ti sao) V d: Qu a Thin Thi: Ho thng Ho 5 Qu trn l Khn :a (Ngai qui) Ho 4 Ho 3 Qu di l Cn: Thin (Ni qui) Ho 2 Ho S Gi l ni qui, ngai qui v sp theo vng trn th qu Cn trong (ni) gn trung tm, cn qu Khn chng ln n, ngai (ngai), xa trung tm (coi Phng v 64 qu ca Phc HI , tr.37, qu 56 trn vng trn) V c vic chng ho v chng qu nh vy nn khi tm hiu ngha, khi an qu, phi xt t di ln, t ho s ln ln ln ti ho thng. Nhng khi gi tn qu th theo th t t trn xung, cho nn gi l a thin; cn ch Thi sau tr ngha ca qu: Thi l yn n (nh thi bnh thng thun). Mt th d na: qu thy ha k t. c tn qu bn phi hiu ngay: ngai qui ( trn) l Khm (thy), ni qui ( di) l Li (ha) , v v ngay c hnh di y: Khm (thy) Li (ha) Ho s, ho tam, ho ng l dng, ho nh, ho t, ho thng l m. Cn K t l ngha ca qu: thnh xong , qua sng . Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) 2 NI DUNG PHN KINH Ba lai Dch. Tc phm u tin ni v kinh Dch l cun Chu L. Theo t in T Hi, tc phm ny mi u c tn l Chu Quan, chp v quan chp ch quan li tc lc) i Chu, xut hin sau i Khng t v Mnh t, kh ph bin thi Chin Quc, Lu Hm (con Lu Hng) di thi Hn Ai v Vng Mng, mi i tn l Chu L. Sch chp i Chu c ba lai bi, c quan Thi bc gi ba lai dch: Lin Sn Dch, Qui Tng Dch v Chu Dch. V ngun gc ca Lin Sn Dch v Qui Tng Dch, c ba bn thuyt, u khng tin c. Ngi th bo Lin Sn l ca Phc Hi, Qui Tng ca Hang , ngi li bo Lin Sn ca Thn Nng, Qui Tng ca Hang , ngi li bo Lin Sn l dch ca Nh H, ly qu Cn lm u (c l v Cn l ni, m Sn cng l ni); cn Qui Tng l dch ca Nh Thng, ly qu Khn lm u (c l v Khn l t m Qui Tng c ngha l mun vt u t t sinh ra ri li tr v t). Nhng hai lai dch u mt (m theo cc nh Kho C hc th t i Thng tr v
trc, cha h c hnh bt qui) ngy nay ch cn c Chu Dch. C iu ny chc chn l cch bi bng c thi kh thnh hnh t trc thi khng t. Trong b Xun Thu T truyn (ca T khu Minh) c chp nhiu chuyn bi c thi ca cc vua Cha. Khng T tuy khng cu o, khng bi, m trong Thin T L, bi 22 cng nhc ti tc hay bi thi , v dn li ho t ho 3 qu Hng trong Chu dch. V khng c thuyt no khc, chng ta c th chp nhn rng Chu Vn Vng (nh Chu) l ngi u tin c cng vi Chu Dch. Chu Vn Vng tn l C Xng, l mt ch hu ca nh n, c vua Tr phong lm Ty B, tc l Ch hu ln nht phng Ty, vo khang tnh Sn Ty ngy nay. ng c ti, c c, c lng dn v nhiu ch hu theo ng, mun gip ng dit vua Tr tn bo, dm lan. ng khng nghe h, vn trung vi vua Tr, v vy m Khng t trong Thin vi Chnh, bi 20, khen ng l c hai phn ba thin h theo mnh m vn thun phc nh n (khng cp ngi nh n); c ca nh Chu (tr Vn Vng) nh vy c th ni l cc cao. Nhng vua Tr thy thin h theo ng qu, m nghi ng ng bt giam ng vo ngc Du Ly nm 1141(TRC CN), 2 nm sau (c sch ni l 7 nm) mi tha, giao cho ng cm qun chinh pht cc dn tc ni lan. Nh c L Thng (La Vng) gip sc ng han thnh nhim v ri mt nm 1135. Trong khi b giam ngc Du L, c th ng lm vic trng qui, v chc chn l ng t tn v tm ngha cho 64 qu ri vit Than t cng gi l Qui t cho mi qu. Nh ng m ngha mi qu mi linh diu, li an mi tng i minh bch, m cng vic an cng nht tr hn trc, khng cn c cnh mi quan Thi Bc an theo ring ca mnh na. Nhng li an ca ng rt ngn mi qu ch c mt cu, chng hn: Qu Cn l nguyn, hanh, li trinh, ngha l qu c nhng c: u tin ln; thun, thng, tin phi bn cht Qu Thi l Tiu vng, i lai, ct, hanh ngha l : m qua dng li tt lnh hanh thng. Qu K T l hanh, tiu, li trinh, c ct, chung lan ngha l: Vic nh th hanh thng, li nhng phi vng ch. Mi u tt lnh, cui cng lan. Khi ng mt ri, con ng l C Pht ln ni ngi Ty B, nm 1122 em qun dit Tr, chm dt nh n v sng lp nh Chu, xng l V Vng v phong cha l Vn Vng. V Vng t chc chnh quyn, v v dn chng; nhng lm cho nh Chu vng, thnh ln, cho vn minh Trung Quc tin mnh l cng ca Chu Cng, em rut ca ng, tn l n, m Khng T rt phc, sut i ch vic c ao lp c s nghip nh Chu Cng. V Vng cht nm 1115, con l Thnh Vng, cn nh tui, ln ni ngi, Chu Cng lm ph chnh, ht lng gi ngi cho chu, dp bn phn ng trong h, t chc ch phong kin, sa i l nhc, m vn c th gi tip tc cng vic cha, nghin cu Dch. Vn Vng mi ch t ra Than T gii ngha tan qu. Chu Cng t thm Ho T cho mi ho ca mi qu, cng l 384 ho, gii ngha tng ho mt. Chng hn qu Cn, di ho s (ho 1), Chu Cng vit: Tim long vt dng, ngha l: rng, cn n nu, khng dng c.
Di ho 2, ng vit: Hin long ti in, li kin i nhn, ngha l : rng hin ln cnh ng, ra mt k i nhn th li. Di ho 3:qun t chung nht cn cn, tch dch nhc, l, v cu ngha l: ngi qun t sut ngy hng hi t cng, n ti vn cn thn trng nh lo s. Nguy him , Khng ti li v.v. . Ti y Chu Dch mi thnh mt cun sch c vn t, ngha l, i sau gi l Kinh v chia lm 2 thin: thng cho 30 qu u, h cho 34 qu sau. Nhng li Than v li Ho vn qu n gin , t ai hiu nn i sau phi ch thch lm thm bn Thp dc. Thp l mi, dc l cnh con chm , c bo Than t ca Vn Vng, Ho t ca Chu Cng t di mi qu, mi ho, l hnh con chim ri, by gi thm Thp Dc, l thm lng cnh cho con chim c th bay xa. Thp Dc c gi l Thp truyn. Ch truyn thi xa c ngha khc ngy nay: nhng li gii thch kinh th gi l truyn: chng hn sch Xun Thu ca Khng T gi l Kinh, sau c ba ngi gii thch, tc T Khu Minh, Cng Dng Cao, Cc Lng Xch, v phn gii thch ca ba nh gi l T truyn, Cng Dng truyn, Cc lng truyn. C truyn thuyt cho rng, Khng t vit thp dc. Trong chng sau tm tt ni dung Thp dc chng ti s xt xem thuyt ng tin ti mc no. Dch ngha l g? Chu Dch ngha l g? Chng ta bit sch Chu L Bo i chu c ba lai Dch: Lin Sn Dch, Qui Tng Dch v Chu Dch. Nhng tn Dch do ai t ra, c t hi no th khng ai bit. Ngay n ngha ca n cng c hai thuyt. a) Thuyt c hu ht mi ngi ngy nay chp nhp l : bin i. V ng nguyn, ch dch l bin i li c hai thuyt na. Mt thuyt bo ch , hi xa khc nh vy [ k ] , tng hnh mt lai rn ta nh lai k nhng nc ta, rt d thay i mu da, chng hn trn cy th bin thnh mu v cy hay l cy, xung di t th bin thnh mu t : [th ] l ci u n, m [ nguyt] l mnh v ui n. Mi u hnh tr loi K nhng sau c ngha l d bin i nh k nhng, sau cng ch c ngha l bin i, m mt ngha k nhng i. Mt thuyt na bo dch [ ] gm ch [ nht ] nht l mt tri trn v ch [ nguyt ] nguyt l mt trng di. Dch l thay i cho nhau nh mt trng v mt tri (mt tri ln th trng mc), l di chuyn hai trn tri. D theo ng nguyn no th dch cng c ngha l bin dch thay i. Vn vt sinh ra, ln ln, ri gi, cht. Trong qu Cn, Vch dng ho s c mt ngha, ln ho 2, ho 3 . . .li c nhng ngha khc. l bin dch. Dch cn c ngha l giao dch. Ging c ging ci giao cm vi nhau ri mi sinh sinh ha ha. Trong 8 qu n ho m, ho dng thay i nhau; trong 64 qu trng, cc qu n thay i cho nhau. l giao dch. Nhng trong s bin dch , vn cn nhng lut bt dch nh lut thnh n tt bc ri phi suy, chng hn loi ngi v th cht khong 50 tui bt u suy, mt trng, trn ri bt u khuyt. Qu cn, vch dng ln n ho 5 l thnh cc, ti ho thng l suy. Mt lut bt dch na l lut phn phc: khng c g m khng tr li (v vng bt phc: qu Thi) , nh ht bn ma ri tr li Xun, nc cn st y dng ri li dng ln . . . Coi Chng VI sau, c gi s hiu r nhng ngha bin dch, giao dch, bt dch trong kinh dch.
b) Thuyt c mi ngi chp nhn. Nhng vn khng khi c ngi thc mc: Gii ngha ch [ dch ] nh vy rt ng, nhng kinh dch ch c ngha t khi n thnh mt tc phm trit l cui thi Xun Thu trong thi Chin Quc; cn hi u i Chu n ch l mt sch bi, ch cho ngi Trung Hoa mt cch bi mi bng c thi thay cch bi bng ym ra, th n cha c ngha , m ch c ngha l gin d, v ch [dch ] phi c l d, ngha l d dng. Di mi qu, c km theo mt li an nht nh, di mi ho cng vy; Vin Thi bc bi c qu no, ho no th c theo li an km theo m suy lun, so vi li bi bng ym ra, gin d hn nhiu, nn cch bi mi c tn l Chu D; cch bi gin d ca nh Chu. Thuyt ny khng phi l v l, v c vi nh ch trng, chng hn d Vnh Lng, Phng Hu Lan nh trang trn ti ni. V ngha ch chu [ ] trong Chu Dch c hai thuyt. a) Mt thuyt, i biu l Trnh huyn (i Hn), bo Chu khng c ngha l nh Chu, m c ngha l ht mt vng ri tr v (chu nhi phc thy), l chu lu trong v tr, l ph cp. chu Dch c ngha l : o dch, ph bin khp v tr; l ht mt vng ri tr v. Trnh Huyn ly l rng ba sch Dch i Chu: Lin Sn, Qui Tng, Chu Dch tn hai sch trn khng ch thi i, th tn cun cui cng cng khng ch thi i. ( khi rm, chng ti ch tm tt nh vy thi). b) Mt thuyt na, i biu l Khng Dnh t (i ng) bc l , bo ngi ta gi hai sch trn l Lin Sn, Qui Tng, khng thm ch dch sau, m Chu dch l c ch dch tc l ch dch ny khng th tch khi ch chu c m nh vy Chu dch phi c ngha l dch ca i Chu. L lun ca Trnh v Khng u khng vng, v chng ta ch cn bit rng ngy nay mi ngi u hiu chu l i Chu, m tn Chu dch xut hin sau Khng t, Mnh t v trong Lun ng, Mnh T, ch thy dng tn Dch thi, khng dng tn Chu dch. Mt cun sch rt quan trng m t ngun gc n ngi vit, thi i xut hin, ngha ca tn sch u gy nhiu thc mc, my nghn nm sau cha gii quyt c, cng l mt l khin cho Chu dch thnh mt k th. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) B - Chng 2 NI DUNG PHN TRUYN a - Ai vit thp dc? C li on cho mi qu (Thon t tc Qui t), v li on cho mi ho (ho t) ri, th l sch Chu Dch hon thnh. Ngi i sau ch thm nhng li ch gii. Khng c cun no c nhiu ngi ch gii nh con . Ti u 9di Thanh c trn mt trm by chc bn ch gii cn gia c, nu k c nhng bn tht lc, ch cn li ci tn th con s phi gp hai, gp ba. Tip tc cho ti nay vn cn c ngi ch gii li, c c ngi Nht, ngi u (c, Anh,
Php . . . ) ngi Vit mnh na. V chc chn sau ny s cn thm nhiu. ai cng mun xen kin ring ca mnh, ca thi i mnh v b Kinh . Quan trng nht vn l ch gii u tin, tc Thp Dc, cng gi l Thp Truyn. i a s cc hc gi Trung Hoa thi xa cho rng: Thp Dc l cng trnh ca Khng t. Sch Hn th phn Ngh vn ch, bo Dch o thm h nhn canh tam thnh, th lch tam c. Ngha l: o Dch rt thm thy, l cng ca ba v thnh, tri ba i mi xong. Ba v thnh l Phc Hi, Vn Vng, Khng t; ba i l i thng c (Phc Hi), i trung c (Vn Vng) i H c (Khng t). (Hn th cho cng vic vit qui t v ho t u l ca Vn vng; nhng thuyt Chu Cng vit ho t c nhiu ngi chp nhn hn; v cc thy bi ngy nay khi bi u khn c bn v Thnh: Phc HI, Vn Vng, Chu Cng, Khng t) Nhng Khng t c thc l ngi vitThp Dc khng? iu cn ng ng. Trong tp Khng t, ti dn nhiu chng c rng mun bit i v t tng Khng t th ch nn cn c vo Lun ng, nhng sch khc u khng ng tin. Trong Lun ng ch c hai bi nhc ti Kinh Dch: bi T L -22, Khng t dn mt ho t trong qu Hng; v bi Thut nhi 16, Khng t ni:Gia ng s nin, ng thp d hc Dch, kh d v i qu hi (Cho ta sng thm t nm na, ti 50 tui nghin cu kinh Dch, th c th khng lm li ln). Bi sau, c ngi cho l chp sai, hai ch ng thp [] chnh l ch tt [ ] , ch dch [] chnh l ch dic []. V phi chm cu nh sau: Gia ng s nin tt d hc, dic kh d v i qu hi, dch l:Cho ta sng thm t nm na hc th cng c th lm li ln. D chp ng chng na, th bi cng nh bi trn ch chng t rng Khng T c c Kinh Dch, ch khng c g chc chn rng ng vit v Kinh Dch. Hung h trong Lun ng, ng khng h ging kinh Dch cho mn sinh, nh ging v thi, th, l nhc. Mnh T, Tun t cng khng h ni ng vit Thp Dc, ch ni ng vit Kinh Xun thu thi. M danh t Thp Dc ny khng h xut hin trong thi Tin Tn, mi ti i Hn mi thy. Ba l na: 1/ T tng trong Thp Dc rt tp, c t tng ca Lo t, c cu ging trong Trung, i Hc. 2/ Trong Vn ngn v H t ( 2 truyn dc trong thp dc) c chp: T vit (ngha l thy dy, hay Khng t dy), nh vy khng phi l ca Khng t vit ri. 3/ Ging vn cng nhiu ch khc nhau, ngha c ch thm thy, c ch rt tm thng, khng th do mt ngi vit c, m do nhiu ngi trong nhiu thi vit ri ngi sau gom c li. Do nhng l , t i Tng, u Dng Tu, Dip Thch ng thuyt Khng t vit Thp Dc (coi cun: Dch, ng t vn ca u Dng tu) , v gn y, t Khang Hu vi ti Phng Hu Lan u nhn l u Dng Tu c l. Nhiu lm th ta ch c th ni rng Khng t nghin cu Kinh dch, nhng v gi ch ging cho mt s rt t mn sinh, v Thp Dc do mt phi dch hc i Chin quc gm c Khng gia ln Lo gia, vit k trc ngi sau, do m hon thnh rt tr, c th l cui thi Chin quc u i Hn khng th no ngay sau i Khng t c.
Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT
b - NI DUNG THP DC S thc ch c Tht Dc truyn, nhng gm 10 Thin nn gi l Thp Dc : 1- Thon truyn : 2 thin. 2- Tng truyn 2 thin. 3- H t truyn cng gi l i truyn 2 thin. 4- Vn ngn truyn 1 thin. 5- Tht qui truyn 1 thin. 6- T qui truyn 1 thin. 7- Tp qui truyn 1 thin. Ngay ci iu gi mi thin l mt truyn cng v l ri; m c nhng trang sau, c gi s thy s chia ba truyn u mi truyn thnh hai thin cng khng theo mt qui tc chung no c. V vy m s chia thin nh trn khng c mi sch theo. Chng hn bn c Phan Bi Chu cho Thon truyn ch c 1 thin, ch l truyn; m li cho T qui truyn gm hai thin, thnh 2 truyn. Mt bn khc, James Legge dng dch, li cho Vn ngn truyn c 2 thin (mt cho 30 qu u, mt cho 34 qu sau) nh vy l ngoi Thuyt qui truyn v Tp qui truyn, mi truyn ch c 1 thin, k l 1 truyn, cn 5 truyn kia, mi truyn c 2 thin, k lm hai truyn; cng c li l 12 truyn ch khng phi 10 truyn. Cch chia thin v gi thin l truyn, nh vy va v l va ln xn, cho nn chng ti ngh phn truyn trong Kinh Dch ch nn coi l c 7 truyn thi. Di y, ti tm tt ni dung by truyn . 1. THON TRUYN trn ti ni Vn Vng vit Thon t, tc li on cho mi qu: ng ch cho bit vn tt mi qu tt xu ra sao, i khi cng cho bit ngha ra sao, ch khng ging ti sao. Ngi vit Thon Truyn (theo V ng,sng sau Khng t, trc hoc sau Mnh t) ging gii thm. Th d: Qu Cn, Thon t ch c 5 ch: Cn, Nguyn Hanh, Li Trinh (coi trang 14). Thon Truyn gii thch: i tai cn nguyn, vn vt t thy, ni thng thin; vn hnh v th, phm vt lu hnh. i minh chung thy, lc v thi thnh, thi tha lc long d ng thin. Cn o bin ho, cc chnh tnh mnh, bo hp thi ho, ni li trinh, th xut th vt, vn quc hm ninh.
Ngha l: c nguyn ca cn ln thay, vn vt u nh n m bt u ny n, n thng qut thin o ( l ging v c nguyn) Cn lm ra my, khin cho my bin ho, lm ra ma, khin cho ma thm nhun khp, m vn vt thnh hnh thnh sc, sinh trng n v cng ( l ging v c hanh). Bc thnh nhn (i minh: cc sng sut) thy c c trc sau, c su ho ca qu Cn, mi ho c mt v (ngi) nn thun thi m hnh o, nh ci 6 con rng (m ch su ho dng ca qu cn) m thng ng c vng tri (khuyn chng ta nn ty thi m hnh ng, lc no nn n th n, nn hin th hin, nn tnh th tnh, nn ng th ng). tm li l o Cn bin ho, khin cho vt g cng gi c tnh mnh tri ph, gi c ci nguyn kh cho thi ho (thi l rt). Bc thnh nhn ng u mun vt (theo o Cn) th vn nc u bnh an v s ( l ging v hai c li , trnh) Chng ta thy tc gi Thon truyn (sng i Chin Quc, sau Vn Vng c th by tm trm nm) cho Kinh Dch c mt ngha trit l, ch khng phi ch bi na. Thon truyn chia lm hai thin: thin thng gii thch thon t ca 30 qu u, thin h gii thch thon t ca 34 qu sau. Nh vy l theo ng s chia thin trong phn kinh. Theo Nghim Linh Phong, tc gi Dch hc Tn lun (chnh trung Th cc Hng Cng 1971). Thon truyn c nhiu ch thot vn, hoc cha gii thch, t tng c nhiu ch ging Nho gia, nh on Thon truyn qu Cn dn trn, ngha rt ging. - Cu ny trong Lun Ng thin Dng Ho: Thin h ngn tai! T thi hnh yn, vn vt sinh yn, thin h ngn tai! (Tri ni g u! Bn ma vn hnh m vn vt sinh ra, tri ni g u!) - V cu ny trong Trung Dung: Tr trung ho, thin a v yn, vn vt dc yn (Cc Trung ho th tri t u ngv tr m vn vt mi sinh.) 2 - TNG TRUYN: Gii thch ci tng ca mi qu. Cng chia lm hai thin: thin thng cho 30 qu u, thin h cho 34 qu sau. Mi qu u thch ngha ci tng ca c qu (gi l i lng) ri li thch ngha ci tng ca mi ho (gi l Tiu tng). V ng cho l Tng truyn vit sau Thon truyn c hc gi li cho l vit trong khi nh Tn t sch, cm Thi, Th, L, Nhc, Xun Thu v cc hc thuyt khc thi Tin Tn, tr Chu Dch v l sch bi cho nn cc hc gi trong phi Nho gia mi nhn ch h , em t tng trong i hc, Trung dung, Lun ng v Chu Dch, T thi hon hn (mn ci thy cho hn nhp vo m sng li) m lm cng tc tuyn truyn. Cho nn trong Tng Truyn c nhiu ch li rt ging ba b sch (Dch kinh Tn Lun tr.178) C th k my chc th d, ti ch xin dn ba thi: Lun ng ni: Qu tc vt dn ci (c li th khng s sa). Qu ch, i tng truyn cng ni: Hu qu tc ci (c li th sa). Trung dung ni: n c nhi dng thin (giu ci c m nu ci thin ca con ngi). i hc ni: (C chi dc minh minh c thin h (ngi xa mun lm sng ci dc sng trong thin h . . .) Qu Tn i tng cng ni: Qun t d t chiu minh c (ngi qun t coi
m t lm sng ci c sng ca mnh). Ri nhng danh t qun t, tin vng, i nhn . . trong i tng truyn c th ni l mn trong lun ng, i hc, Trung dung a nhng t tng chnh gio ca nh Nho vo, ch rt t lin quan ti mn bi. Tng: c hai ngha: - Hnh thi, nh trong cu: Ti thin thnh tng, ti a thnh hnh (trn tri thnh tng, di t thnh hnh ) trong H t thng truyn. - Biu tng, nh ch tngth nhtrong cu ny: Thin thy tng, kit ct hung, thnh nhn tng chi (Tri r tng r l t trn hin ra? thy im lnh im d. ng thnh nhn phngtheo m lp nn biu tng (H t thng truyn). Ch tng trn trong Thin thy tng c ngha l hnh thi; ch tng di trong thnh nhn tng chi, c ngha l biu tng. Biu tng li phn bit lm hai th: - Vt tng, biu tng mt vt (nh qu ly biu tng l la). - tng, biu tng mt (nh qu Cn biu tng s cng cng; qu Khn biu tng s nhu thun). - Trong Tngtruyn, tng cdng nhiu hn c, nht l trong Tiu Tng. Tiu Tng truyn ct gii ca mi ho, mt ho kh c th c mt hnh thi, kh l mt vt tng c, nn thng din c mt tng, Richard Wilhem trong cun I Ching (bn dch ra ting Anh ca nh Routledge v Kegan Paul London 1951) trang 257, nhn thy vy cho nn bo nhng li giithch mi ho trong Tiu Tng truyn khng lin quan g ti hnh tng c (do not deal in any way with images) v ng ng rng v lm ln m sp nhng li vo tng truyn. on trn chng ta bit Thon truyn gii ngha li on trong Thon T ca mi qu. i Tng truyn li gii thch thm v tng ca mi qu na. Nh qu Cn, i tng truyn chp: Thin hnh kin, qun t d t cng bt tc : S vn chuyn ca tri t rt mnh (khng lc no ngh), ngi qun t cng theo tri m t cng khng ngh. l v ton qu. V ring mi ho Chu Cng t ra Ho t gii thch mi ho; i sau li vit thm Tiu Tng truyn gii thch . . .(li Chu Cng), nhng li Tiu Tng Truyn li ngn, nhiu khi ch lp li thi. - Chng hn qu Cn, ho s, ho t ca Chu Cngbo: Tim long vt dng (rng cn n nu, khngdng c), Tiu Tng Truyn lp li, ch thm bn ch: dng ti h d : (ch Hn) . . . ngha l rng cn n nu, khng ng dc, v ho dng di cng. - Ho hai, Ho t l : Hin long ti in, li kin i nhn (coi ngha trang trc) Tiu Tng ging l: Hin long ti in, c thi ph d. Ngha l: rng hin ln cnh 9dng, c ban b khp ni. - Ho ba, Ho t l : Qun t chung nht cn cn, tch dch nhc, l, v cu (coi trang trc) tiu Tng ging
Chung nht cn cn, phn phc o d. Ngha l sut ngy hng hi t cng, tr i tr li, ct cho ng o l ( c ngha l cha tin c). Ba ho sau cng vy. C i Tng Truyn ln tiu TngTruyn u c tnh cch gng p, v qu thin v lun l, v o tr nc, x th ca ngi qun t, nn hiu khi b ngha ca Thon T, Ho T. V d qu L (s 56) Thon t ni v cch x th ca ngi tha hng u phi mm mng, va t trng, gi c phm cch ca mnh; vy m i tng truyn li em p dng vo vic hnh php, khuyn nh chc trch phi x on sng sut, thn trng, ng giam ti nhn qu lu trong ngc. Ho 2 qu Tim (s 53) ni v hon cnh mt ngi bt u tin c mt cch d dng, nh con chim hng ri b nc m tin ln mt phin ln, vui v, ung dung, n ung thnh thi. Tiu tng truyn khuyn: c ngi ta gip th phi lm g p li, ch ng n khng. ng l ci ging ca "Dch Kinh Tn Lun" ni. Tm li, Tng Truyn tuy cng gip ta hiu thm c Thon t v Ho t, nhng t thi. Thon truyn v i truyn u gii thch c qu ty theo nguyn tc, Thon truyn gii thch li on (Thon t) ca Vn Vng, i tng truyngii thch " tng" ca mi qu, nhng s phn bit , nhiu khi rt t nh, chung qui u l gii thch ngha ca qu; ch khc Thon truyn theo st Thon t m i tng truyn th thng bn ra ngoi a thm t tng o l vo. Cn tiu tng truyn tuy gii thch " tng" ca mi ho, nhng a s ch lp li li ho t ca Chu Cng ,ri ging thm v o l c khi lc , gng p. 3 - H T TRUYN: Cng gm hai thin thng v h nhng c l c v di nht ( cho nn cn c tn l i truyn) m chia hai, ch c hai thin u cha nhng nhn xt linh tinh, nhng ch gii chung v Chu Dch, sp t ln xn, khng theo mt th t no c. Theo Chu Hi th h t vn l ca Vn Vng v Chu Cng lm ra ri buc (h: buc) di mi qu, mi ho thnh li kinh vn ngy nay. Cn H t truyn l li Khng T gii thch H t v ng thi bn v c i th ca kinh. Li ca Chu Hi rt l m. Nu H t l nhng li ca Vn Vng v Chu Cng vit ra ging thm v buc vo di mi qu mi ho, th tt phi phn bit c li no thuc qu no, li no thuc ho no, ch sao li hu ht l nhng li bn v i th ca kinh, nh chng ta thy ngy nay. Xt ni dung H t truyn chng ta khng thy phn no l H t, phn no l H t truyn gii thch H t, ch thy ton l nhng truyn, bn v: L cn khn (thin thng -Chng 1) Vic thnh nhn lm dch, (thin thng - Chng 2). S to ln ca o dch, (thin thng - Chng 4, Chng 7). L m dng (thin thng - Chng 5,6) Cc con s i din trong dch v php bi (thin thng - Chng 9.) Cng dng ca o dch (thin thng - Chng 10). Vic bi (thin thng - Chng 11,12) S tt xu trong qu v ho (thin h - Chng 1)
C nhn ly tng cc qu m to dng (thin h - Chng 2). Lut tun hon v lun l trong dch (thin h - Chng 5) Ho nh v ho t khc nhau ra sao, ho tam v ng khc nhau ra sao (thin h Chng 9). Xt chung v dch (thin h - Chng 12) v.v.. Nh vy li ca Chu Hi sai, chng ta chc chn rng Vn Vng v Chu Cng khng h vit H t. M Khng T cng khng h vit H t truyn v c nhiu on bt u bng ch "T vit" (Thy ni), chng hn on u chng 7 thin thng, on cui chng 8 thin thng, on cui Chng 9 thin h v.v.. (coi phn dch cui sch). Ch c th bo rng H t truyn do mn sinh xa ca Khng T chp li thi, m cng khng phi ca mt mn sinh, tt phi l c mt nhm mn sinh chp. V ng bo truyn ny xut hin chm hn hai truyn Thon truyn v Tng truyn. Ti ng rng c mt s Chng nh chng 9 thin thng vit v cc con s, xut hin vo cui Chin Quc hoc u Hn. Chng ta nhn thy rng c trong Thon t, Ho t, Thon truyn, Tng truyn, khng h thy ch dch , trong h t thng truyn, chng 4, mi xut hin ch : Dch d thin a chun...(o dch lm chun ch vi tri t). Hai ch m dng cng ch xut hin H t thng truyn, chng 5:- Nht m nht dng chi v o.(Mt m, mt dng gi l o) Cng trong truyn III ny chng ta thy ni n Bo Hi (PHc Hi), H , Lc th. Ni dung ca truyn va nhiu v, va phong ph, cho nn chng ti s dch trong mt phn sau. 4 - VN NGN TRUYN: Vn ngn truyn (ging v "loi vn" tc li kinh) tuy ngn nhng cng quan trng, cng c nhng su sc, cng do Khng phi vit - theo V ng th vo i Tn. Truyn ny chia lm hai thin: Thin thng bn v qu Thun Cn, thin h bn thm v Thun khn (nhng nhiu sch ch k l mt thin), ni v ngha ca hai qu i vi Li, Cn, oi, Chn, Tn) khng c bn thm nh vy, c l v khng c ngha g lin quan cht ch vi con ngi nh hai qu Cn , Khn. Li vn trong truyn th t ny c ch ging Trung Dung , i Hc, c ch ging vn Mnh T. Nhng c khuyt im l khng u. C nhiu on su sc, li c ng, ng i, nh on di y ging v ho 3 qu Cn: "T vit: "Qun t tin c tu nghip, Trung Tn s d tn c d; tu t lp k thnh, s d c nghip d; tri ch ch chi, kh d c d, tri chung chung chi, kh d tn ngha d, Th6 c c thng v nhi bt kiu, ti h vi nhi bt u." "Thy ni: Ngi qun t tin c tu nghip (s nghip). Gi trung tn tin c, sa li ni (lp ngn) vng lng lng thnh lp s nghip; bit c nh th mi l bit n ni, bit c n ni th lm cho n ni, do c th thy c o l vi diu; bit c ch cui cng ca s vic th lm cho ti ch cui cng, do m gi c iu ngha. Cho nn ngi qun t a v cao m khng kiu, a v thp m khng lo..? R rng tc gi on chu nh hng ca i hc, Trung dung. Tri li c nhng cu ngn khng din mt g mi, ch nh lp li li trong Tiu tng truyn, nh cu: Tim long vt dng, h d
ri cu: tim long vt dng, dng kh tim tng. Hai cu u trong Vn ngn truyn (qu Cn) so vi cu trongTiu tng truyn: Tim long vt dng, dng ti h d c khc g u. Tht rm. V vy chng ti s khng dch trn Vn ngn truyn, ch la t on b tc cho Thon truyn, Tng truyn, m cho xen vo li ging hai qu Thun Cn, Thun Khn, phn sau thi. 5 - THUYT QUI TRUYN. Ging v tm qu n cn bn. Truyn ny ch c mt thin gm 11 chng ngn, bn nhiu v bi, ch dng vo vic bi, v nhiu ch ngha rt ti, khng ai hiu c, nh cc chng 5,6,10,11; ni dung cng khng u, vi on c th so snh vi H t truyn c, cn a s li rt th thin, c ch thot vn. ngha cc qu c t thi c, trc Khng t xa, ri sau mn sinh ca Khng T (V ng cho l i Hn ) ging thm. Chng ti s khng dch truyn ny, ch gii thiu vi on. u truyn, tc gi vit: Thnh nhn i xa lm Kinh dch gip vic thn minh mt cch su kn m t ra cch bi c thi (Tch gi thnh nhn chi tc dch d, u tn u thn minh nhi sinh thi) . Vy mc ch Kinh Dch l bi. Nhng qua chng 2, tc gi cng bo o lm ngi phi thun vi o tri, o t: Thnh nhn i xa lm Kinh Dch, l thun ci l v tnh mnh, cho nn dng ci o tri l m vi dng, dng ci o t l cng vi mm, dng ci o ngi l nhn ngha, gm tam ti (l ba ngi v tri, t, ngi) m gp i ln cho nn Kinh Dch vch su nt m thnh qu chia ra m dng mm cng thay i nhau . . Cho hiu mc ch Kinh Dch ri, tc gi ging ngha ca mi qu n: Cn l mnh, Khn l thun, Chn l ng, Tn l vo, Khm l hm, ly l sng, Cn l ngn li, oi l vui (cn kin d, khn thun d, chn ng d, tn nhp d, khm hm d, ly l d, cn sc d, oi duyt d) Chng 7. Sau cng t Chng 8 n Chng 11, tc gi cho bit mi qu tng trng cho nhng vt g: Cn l con nga, khn l con b, chn l con rng, tn l con g, khm l con ln, ly l con tr, cn l con ch, oi l con d Chng 8. Cn l tri, l hnh trn, l ng vua, l ngi cha, l ngc, l vng l bng, l sc thm, l con nga tt, l con nga gi, l con nga gy, l con nga dn, l tri cy Chng 11. Ly l la, . . l o gip m st . . .l bng ln . . l con ba ba, con cua, con t v . . Chng 11. Trch by nhiu chng ti thy c gi nhn c gi tr truyn ny ra sao ri. So vi Kinh th nhiu ch khng ng, c th l ca mt bn thy bi t ra, ngi sau chng phn on g c, c tom gp cho tht nhiu thi. 6 - T QUI TRUYN C mc ch gii thch v th t cc qu. Trong bn Chu Dch ngy nay 64 qu khng sp theo th t ca Trng qui ca Phc Hi (dng tin thin bt qui), cng khng theo th t ca Vn Vng (dng hu thin bt qui) m theo mt th t
ring: 1, thun cn, 2 thun khn, 3. Thy li trun, 4. Sn thy mng, 5. Thy thin nhu . . .S sp t ny khng r c t thi no, do ai. Tc gi T qui truyn, chc chn khng phi l Khng T (V ng ng l mt ngi i Hn) ging cho ta ti sao li sp theo th t nh vy. Truyn tuy ngn m cng chia lm hai thin: thin thng v th t 30 qu u, thin h v 34 qu sau. Theo tc gi th s d chia nh vy l v thin thng m u bng hai qu Cn v Khn, ni v v tr, c nhng lut trong v tr thin h m u bng hai qu Hm v Hng, ni v nhn s v nhng g xy ra trong x hi. c tri t (Cn, Khn, tc v tr), ri sau mi c vn vt, nam n (Hm), v chng (Hng), cha con, vua ti , l ngha v.v. l s din bin t nhin trong v tr. Nhng s thc, trong thin thng c rt nhiu qu ni v nhn s, nh Tng, S, ng Nhn, C, Di, Ph hp . . .; m trong thin h cng c nhiu qu ni v lut v tr nh Tim, Tn, ch, V t . . .Vy th t ca cc qu khng lun lun c ngha rnh r nh tc gi mun. Li thm nhiu khi ng c g cho c s lin lc v ngha gia qu trc v qu sau, chng hn bo: c tri t tc Cn v Khn ri vn vt mi sinh ra. y trong khong tri t l vn vt, cho nn tip ti qu Trun: trun l y, trun l lc vn vt mi sinh ra; vn vt mi sinh th cn non tr, m m, cho nn tip ti qu Mng; mng l m m, non tr, vt cn non tr th phi nui, cho nn tip ti qu nhu: nhu l o n ung; n ung tt c kin co, nn tip theo l qu tng; kin co th tt c c nhiu ngi ng dy, nn tip theo l qu S: s l qun chng ng ngi v.v. Chng ti khng bit ch trun thi xa c nga l y, l lc vn vt mi sinh ra khng, ch cc b T Hi, T Nguyn ngy nay khng c ngha , ch c ngha l gian nan. C th tc gi hiu rng khi mi sinh ra th gian nan, cng c l mt phn; cn ngha y m thnh ra ngha gian nan th c l ti y ri, kh gi cho y hoi, cng cn c th hiu c. Nhng ti sao n ung tt c kin co? m kin co u c ngha ng ngi bng chin tranh, nh m chng hn? S gii thch ca tc gi khng khi c ch khin cng. Li gii thch v qu cu cng rt gng p. Qu trn n l qu Qui. Qui c ngha l quyt, phn quyt; pht quyt xong ri th bit c lnh hay d, tt c ngi m gp g (!), cho nn sau qu Qui ti qu Cu, Cu l gp g. Li thm, gii thch, t qui truyn c khi dng mt ngha khc vi ngha trong thon t v Ho t. Nh qu Nhu, T qui truyn dng ngha l cn thit, thc n, cho c s lin lc v nga vi qu Mng (nh th) trn n: tr th cn c nui bng thc n cn thit; nhng trong Thon t v Ho t th Nhu c ngha l ch i. Qu Tiu sc cng vy: T qui truyn dng theo ngha sc l nui, m Thon t v Ho t th cho sc l ngn cn. Qu i sc, Ho t cng cho sc l ngn cn (nhng Thon t li cho l sc tch). Mc du gng p nh vy, trong phn dch cc qu, chng ti cng s trch trong T qui truyn m t ln u tng qu. 7 - TP QUI TRUYN Sau cng l T qui truyn gii thch linh tinh (tp) v mt s qu. Truyn ch c mt thin gm nhiu cu ngn. Mi cu thng gom hai hoc bn,
su qu m gii ngha rt vn tt, chng cho ta bit thm c g c, nhng c vn hoc li i nhau, nh: Cu u : Cn cng, khn nhu, t lc s u, lm, quan chi ngha hoc d hoc cu (Qu cn th cng, qu khn th mm, qu t th vui, qu s th lo, cn ngha qu lm v qu quan l cng nhau i vi nhau hay l tm n nhau. C cu rt ti ngha nh: Ph hp thc d, b v sc d (Ph hp l n, b l khng c mu sc): B l khng c mu sc, tht kh hiu. Chu Hi gii thch l: Sc trng th chu c mu p, cng chng gip ta hiu thm c g. Legge (sch dn) cho truyn ny ch l jeu desprit (tr chi dng tr) Tc gi c th l mt ngi i Hn. Tm li trong phn truyn: - Hai truyn u Thon truyn v Tng truyn gii thch Qui t tc Thon t ca Vn vng v Ho t ca Chu Cng, cn phi c. - Hai truyn k: H t truyn v Vn ngn truyn c gi tr, nhiu ngha hn c. - Cn ba truyn cui: Thuyt qui truyn, T qui truyn, Tp qui truyn rt tm thng, t nht l Tp qui truyn. - By truyn - c nhn gi l mi v Thon truyn, Tng truyn, H t truyn, mi truyn k l hai (thng v h) hin nhin l do nhiu ngi trong nhiu thi i vit (c th mt s din li t tng ca Khng t, ch ng khng h vit) cho nn gi tr khng u, t tng khng nht tr, li thm c nhiu ch thot vn, ti ngha (ngay c trong H t truyn na: nh on 2 chng 8 H truyn: K xut nhp d , ngoi ni s tri c (chng ai hiu l g) cho nn trong phn sau, chng ti ch dch ring H t truyn, cn nhng truyn khc th trch t nhiu on cho vo ch gii thch mi qu, mi ho. S trnh by Kinh Dch xa v nay: Thi mi u, Chu dch sp ring phn kinh (Thon t v Ho t) ri mi ti phn truyn. Ri sau, bt u c l l Ph Trc v Trnh Huyn i Hn, k tip l Vng Bt i Ngy mi sp li, cho Thon truyn, Tng truyn v Vn Ngn truyn (tc nhng truyn gii thch cc qu, cc ho) xen vo phn kinh, sau mi qu, mi ho. Nh vy ch cn H t truyn, Thuyt qui truyn, t qui truyn, Tp qui truyn l in ring cui phn kinh. Cc bn Chu Dch ch Hn ngy nay u trnh by nh vy. - Chng ti thy cch tin cho ngi c, v chng ti theo c Phan Bi Chu, trch thm t qui truyn cho vo u mi qu (nh ni). Cn Thuyt qui truyn v Tp qui truyn, chng ti ngh gii thiu nh trn ri, khng dch hoc trnh dn na. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) Chng 3 CC PHI DCH HC T HN TI NAY
V dch hc ch xy dng trn 64 qu do hai vch m, dng chng ln nhau, i ch cho nhau ba bn ln m thnh, cho nn n c mt sc hp dn l lng, ai cng t m mun bit, m nhng ngi c c tng tng di do c th d dng cho mi qu mt ngha mi, ging mi qu theo v tr quan, nhn sinh quan ca mnh, ngha cng huyn b th li cng c v thm thy,; do m khng mt danh nho no t i Hn n i Thanh khng tm hiu Kinh dch, hiu nh, ch thch v mt s to cho n mt ni dung mi khc xa ni dung thi Vn Vng, Chu Cng. N gn thnh mt th khoa hc bin ho theo thi i. S sch vit v Kinh Dch trong hn 2.000 nm nay rt nhiu, khng ai c ht c; nhng ti liu chng ti c v cc phi Dch hc th rt t, ch vi chc trang, cho nn chng ti ch c th phc di y vi nt chnh v lch s Dch hc trong mi thi i thi. HN: trn ti ni Tn thy Hong ra lnh t ht cc sch v trit hc, vn hc, s hc . . .ch cho gi nhng sch dy ngh, m mn bi thi l mt ngh c trng, cho nn Kinh Dch khng b hy; mt s hc gi nhn c hi nghin cu Kinh Dch ln gi v cc Truyn mt s t tng ca Nho, Lo hoc ca chnh h gii thch Kinh Dch. Nh vy m qua i Hn, Dch hc rt thnh. i khi c th chia lm hai phi . - Phi th nht gm: Ph Trc, Trnh Huyn, Tun Sng, Tiu Din Th, theo truyn thng ca Nho gio, vn coi Dch l sch bi v lun l m pht trin thm. - Phi th nh ch c Kinh Phng l tr danh, lp ra mn hc Tng s Ph Trc sp t li Kinh Dch, (nh cui chng trn ti ni) gii thch Dch theo t tng ca Nho gia. ng truyn cho M Dung, M Dung li truyn cho Trnh Huyn. Trnh Huyn dng Thi, Th, L, Nhc ging Kinh Dch, cho nn rt ch trng v hc vn, ng ch gii thch tinh vi, dn chng k lng. ng cn coi mi hai ho ca qu Cn v qu Khn l 12 thn tc 12 ngi sao vo hng th (hnh tinh?) , mun dng Dch lp mt thuyt v thin vn hc, nhng sng kin khng c gi tr, t ngi theo. Tun Sng a ra thuyt Thng, ging Bo ho 2 ca qu Cn nn thng ln ho 5 ca qu Khn v.v. . Ho dng ca qu Cn m thng ln qu Khng th gi l Vn hnh (my bay); ho m ca Khn gin xung qu Cn th gi l V thi (ma ri) Thuyt hp hi, cng khng ai theo. Tiu Din Th c sng kin cho mi qu (trng qui) bin thnh 64 qu, nh vy 64 x 64 c 4.096 qu. Ti khng hiu cch bin ra sao (li ly 64 qu chng ln nhau?) Cch cng khng ai theo, v s qu nhiu qu, lm sao t tn gii thch cho ht c? ng cn ly mi ho lm ch cho mt ngy: 64 qu c 384 ho, m mi nm ch c 365 hay 366, cn li non 20 ho na, ng dng lm g, cng khng bit. Ch c mn hc tng s ca Kinh Phng l c nh hng n i sau. Mn hc nhm gii thch v tr bng biu tng v s mc. Quan nin Tng chng ti ging trongChng trn (trang 48-49); Cn v s th trong H t truyn, Thin thng, Chng 9 ni ti ri S ca Tri l mt, ca t l hai, ca Tri l ba, ca t l bn, ca tri l nm, ca t l su, ca tri l
by, ca t l tm, ca tri l chn, ca t l mi. Nh vy nhng s l t mt n chn l s dng, s ca tri; nhng s chn t hai ti mi l s m, s ca t. S ca tri c nm con: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, cng li l 25. S ca t cng c nm con 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 cng li l 30. Tc gi chng c th sng vo u i Hn, v Kinh Phng c th da vo chng lp ra mn tngs, i khi ch trng rng:ht thy s vt trongv tr v ht thy bin ho ca cc s vt u c th biu th bng nhng biu tng, v ht thy s vt trong v tr u cu thnh v bin ho mi loi theo qui lut ca mt s mc. Ti khng r thuyt ca Kinh Phng ra sao, nhng ngi i sau cho l li thi, phin toi, lm mt tnh cch trit hc rt nhiu, v phi i ti i Tng, Thiu Khang Tit mi pht huy mn tng s cho c thm mu trit hc. T Tam Quc ti Ng i: i Tam Quc c Ngu Phin nhn mnh v thuyt tiu tc (tng, gim, thnh, suy), Dng m ng th tin t 7 ln 9, m m ng th li, t 8 v 6; thuyt ny c t xa, nhng ng l ngi u tin dng n gii Kinh Dch. ng ly hai qu Cn, Khn l c bn cho Dch hc, i sau khen ng l c cng vi Dch hc. Xt chung, i Tam Quc, cc nh Dch hc nh Lu Biu, Qun L ch trng n bi, t ra nhiu thut, cc sch bi i sau em ra dng. Qua i Ngy, chng ta mi thy mt nh Dch hc, Vng Bt, c hng tm qut sch ci hc tng s v bi ton, chuyn nghin cu v ngha l, m ng cho l hc i Tng. ng sp t li Kinh Dch, em Thon tng, Tng truyn v Vn ngn truyn xen vo phn kinh cho ngi c d thy ngha ca mi qu. Cch sp t hin nay cn c dng. ng ch gii Dch hc ca Ph Trc i Hn, vin dn nhiu li ca Lo t. ng thng t bo:c ri th qun tng, c tng ri th qun li, ngha l c Dch, ch cn ch trng ti ngha ca qu m thi, khng cu n vo tng v li. nh hng ca ng rt ln. Thi Nam Bc triu, ng c c tn phng Nam, cng nh Trnh Huyn c c tn phng Bc. i ng, Pht gio thnh mun ln Nho hc, t nh nghin cu Dch hc, ng k ch c Khng Dnh t, theo ch trng ca Vng Bt; v L nh T, hc rng, su tp cc sch vit v Dch ca trn 30 nh, hiu nh c nhiu ch, tm c nhiu iu thm thy. i Ng i v Tng s, mt o s tn l Trn on, hiu l Hi Di, sng tc dch cho rng bt qui gc H (trang trn), a dch hc vo mt no mi, no thut s (tc thut on s mng). ng t ra mn Bt t H Lc, chuyn can chi ca ngy thng, nm sinh thnh nhng con s ri chuyn s thnh qu, on vn mng con ngi. Trn on cng sng lp ra mn T vi u s na, c uy tn rt ln trong gii thut s. Hc thuyt ca ng sau truyn cho Thiu Ung i Tng. T Tng n Minh: Qua i Tng, dch hc pht trin mnh. C hai phi chnh: - Phi Th (H , Lc Th), tc phi Tng s hc. - Phi l hc, ch trng v ngha l, v thin l, nhn o. Phi Th chu nh hngca Lo hc. Hai nh ni danh nht, mn sinh rt ng ,uy tn rt ln l Chu n di (Chu Lim Kh) v Thiu Ung (Thiu khang Tit).
Chu n Di sng tc Thi Cc sau sa thnh V cc v Dch Thng th, nhng Thi cc thuyt ch l mt php luyn kh cao gia, t lin can ti Kinh Dch. Cu V cc nhi thi cc (c th hiu l v cc vi thi cc l mt, hoc v cc chuyn qua thi cc) ch l din ci hu sinh v (hu t v m sinh ra) ca Lo t. Cn Dch Thng th th l t tng trong o c kinh trn vi t tng trong H t truyn; Chu ch trng v vi, hon ton tnh th mi bit c ci im (ci mm thin c); nh vy l thin v Lo, Trang, khng hp vi t tng ca Khng phi qun t t cng bt tc trong qu Cn. Thiu ng chu nh hng ca Trn on, v ra Tin thin v Hu thin bt qui (c l y l ln u tin hnh Tin thin v Hu thin bt qui c in trn sch v ph bin) c tnh cch o thut. ng pht huy thm mn tng s ca Kinh Phng i Hn. ng chia cc s ra th s, dng s, bin s, ho s, ng s, thc s v.v. . .nh th s ca thi dng l 160, ca thi m l 192, bin s ca nht nguyt, tinh, thn l 17024 . . Tht b him. Tuy nhin, Thiu ng khng ly tng s lm cu cnh; cu cnh chnh vn l o, l l, cn bn ca tng s. ng bo:c th mi c li, c li th tt c tng, c tng th tt c s. S v tng lm cho li v sng t. Tng v s v nh ci , ci li, li v v nh c, nh th. c c, c th m qun , qun li th c, ch b b li khng dng m mun c c c th th cha thy c c, c th bao gi. Vy o l l gc, quan trng nht. Tng v S ch l nhng cng c gip cho ngn ng biu th tng c thm r rng m d nm c o l. Quan nim ca ng v tng, c ch khc vi Dch, chng ng cho thi nhu (cc nhu) l nc Thi cng (cc cng) l la; cn Dch cho Thi Nhu l t (Khn), thi cng l ni (cn). - Trong phi L hc, phi k Trnh Di, Trng Ti v chu Hi. Trnh Di tr li ci hc ca Vng Bt, b nhng ci huyn b, tm o l trong Kinh Dch gi ci hc trng nhn c ca Khng t. ng ch gii Kinh dch theo ch trng , nhng khng pht huy thm c g. Trng Ti c sng kin hn, tm thm ngha mi cho cc qu, chng hn bo: ngha ca qu Phc l v thin a m lp tm; ca qu i Sc l v dn sinh m lp mnh; ca qu n l v thnh nhn k tc ci hc mt; ca qu Thi l v vn th m hi thi bnh ng mun em o tu thn tr quc, bnh thin h vo Kinh Dch. Chu Hi chit trung c hai phi (mc du thin v l hc), son Chu Dch bn ngha tip b Dch truyn (ging v Kinh Dch) ca Trnh Di, li son Dchs Khi Mng pht minh ci ngha trong Tin thin bt qui ca Thiu Ung. ng ch Vng Bt l sp t li Kinh Dch, lm cho i sau khng phn bit u l Kinh, u l Truyn; v mt ht cch thc ch gii kinh im ca Hn Nho. Chu Hi cng dng Kinh Dch bi, c th bo ng tp i thnh nhng t tng Dch hc ca i Tng, ch khng pht minh c g. Bn Chu Dch i ton hin thi l bn Dch c li ch gii ca Trnh Di v Chu Hi. Nh Mai Lnh, trc th chin xut bn b Kinh Dch do Ng Tt T dch, cng gm nhng li ch gii ca Trnh, Chu. Ngoi ra, hu ht cc danh nho i Tng nh T M Quang, u dng tu, L Cu, Phm Trng Yn, Vng An Thch, T Tun, L i phng, Trnh Ho v.v. . .u
c nghin cu Kinh Dch, a ra t nhiu kin ring, nh u Dng Tu trong tp Dch: ng T Vn m chng ti nhc ti trong Chng I. Cc nh Dch hc trong hai thi Nguyn v Minh khng lu li cng trnh g ng k. Xt chung h u theo ci hc i Tng. THANH Qua i Thanh, dn tc Trung Hoa cc kh trm chiu, mi u b ngi Mn c hip, sau li ngi u coi nh con tht, tha h ct x, chia x, cho nn cc trit gia ca h khng th tnh to suy lun v Thi cc, thi h, tm tnh c na, m bt buc phi ngh n thc t. Do trit hc i Thanh c nhng bin chuyn ln: o hc suy tn, Nho vn gi a v c, nhng thin v thc dng, kho cu, ri canh tn cho hp thi. Dch hc cngtheo tro lu t tng mi, ln ln qut sch nhng thuyt huyn b kh tin. Hi u i Thanh, Hong Tn Hi vit cun Dch hc tngs lun rt c gi tr, Hong(c scchhp l H) Tn Vim vit cun Dch th bin hoc, ri Mao K Linh vit cun H Lc th nguyn suyn, khng cn tin H vi dch c quan h g vi nhau na. ti khi H V cho ra cun Dch minh bin, em lai lch ca H v Dch phn tch minh bch, bo l , dch l dch, khng lin can g vi nhau, m qut b c nhng gii thch lm ln ca Tng Nho. Gia i thanh, Hu ng v Trng Hu Ngn chuyn nghin cu Dch hc i Hn, dng phng php qui np, hi c tnh cch khoa hc. Nhng ngi nghin cu Chu Dch mt cch thm thy, pht minh c t nhiu l Tiu Tun. ng cn c vo qui, ho, gii thch tng ch lm sng t php ho bin, ni c nhng iu cha ai ni. Nn k thm L Quang a i Khang hi dng ton hc phng Ty gii thch Dch, dng L Ho tnh phng v ca Qui, Ho. Theo To Thng, l mt pht minh ln. HIN NAY Trong my chc nm gn y, cc nh xut bn Hng Cng v i Bc vn thng in sch vit v Dch, nhng chng ti khng th theo di c, mi thy c ba cun ng ch : - Chu Dch Tn Gii ca To Thng m chng ti nhc ti trn. - Chu Dch C Kinh Kim Ch ca Cao Hanh do nh Khai Minh th im n hnh. Hai nh trn u theo ch trng kho chng, "dng Chu Dch chng minh Chu Dch", dng cc qu gii thch cc ho ca hai qu Cn, Khn. - Dch Hc Tn Lun ca Nghim linh phong (do nh Chnh Trung Th Cc n hnh 1973) ch trng v vic hiu nh. Chng ti thy c nhiu gii thch cc qu, ho, mi nh c mt kin gii ring, m chng ti khng c th gi phng tin nghin cu mn hc , nn khng th a kin v nhng thuyt mi c. Dch hc qu l mt khu rng mnh mng, ai mun theo ng no th theo. C kim cha h c tc phm no gy ra nhiu suy lun nh vy cho i sau. VIT NAM nc ta cha c ai c th gi l nh Dch hc c. Ngoi bn bn dch Kinh dch ca Ng Tt T (Mai Lnh xut bn), ca Nguyn Mnh Bo (dch gi t xut
bn) ca Nguyn Duy Tinh (Trung Tm Hc liu xut bn nm 1968) v ca c Phan Bi Chu (Khai Tr xut bn nm 1969) - bn ny c gi tr nht - mi ch c t tp nhn xt hay tm hiu Kinh Dch ca: Nguyn Uyn Dim: Mt nhn xt v Kinh Dch - V t - H Ni 1953. Bu Cm: Tm hiu Kinh Dch - Nguyn xut bn 1957. Nguyn Hu Lng: Kinh Dch vi V tr quan ng Phng - Nha Tuyn y pht gio n hnh - 1971. Nguyn Duy Cn : Dch Hc Tinh HOa - T sch Thu Giang 1973. L Ch Thip: Kinh Dch Nguyn Thy - Khai Tr - 1973. PH LC DCH HC PHNG TY Alfred Douglas trong cun The Oracle of Change (1972) k v gii thiu vn tt tt c cc bn Kinh Dch ra ngn ng phng Ty t trc ti nay, theo ch ng bit. Mi ch c by bn, so vi s cc bn dch o c Kinh th km xa. 1. Regis, P, Y.King - Antiquissimus Sinarum Liber Paris, 1834. y l bn dch u tin ra ngn ng phng Ty ca cc nh truyn gio ging Tn (Jesuites). 2. Meclatchie, Rev. Canon, A translation of the Confucian Yi King, or the Classic of Changes, c ch thch v ph lc. Thng Hi, 1876. Bn ny l lng im ngi dch mun em khoa Thn thoi hc t gio (Mythologie compare) tm hiu nhng b mt ca Kinh Dch) 3. De Harley, C., Le Yih-King, Texte primitif rtabli, traduit et comment. Bruselles, 1889. Mt bn dch ng ch , nhng theo cc tiu chun ngy nay th khng ng tin. 4. Legge J., The textx of Confucianism, Pt II, the Yi King - Oxford 1899. Mt bn dch st v k lng bn Kinh dch in nm 1715 i Khang Hi. Nhng Legge khng coi Kinh Dch l mt sch bi, khng tin mn bi Dch, v nhng ch thch ca ng cng s si qu. ng khng ni g v cch bi c. 5. Wilhem, R., I Ging: das Buch der Wandlungen - Jena 1924. Wilhem dch ra ting c, ri C.F Bayness li dch ting c ra ting Anh, nhan l The I Ching or Book of Changes, London - 1950. Bn dch ca Wilhem y nht, c nhiu ngi thch nht, c li gii thiu rt hay v li m u su sc ca Tin s C.G.Jung. Nhng cch sp xp rc ri qu, tn cng cho ngi c. 6. Blofeld J., The Book of Change - London 1965. Mt bn dch mi ca mt hc gi Anh, ng c. Ni k v cch bi. Nhng khng dch nhng li ch thch ca Khng t (A. Douglas mun ni phn Truyn). 7. Siu, R.G.H. The man of many qualities; Alegacy of the I Ching Cambridge. Mass, 1968. Mt bn dch mi ring v phn kinh ca Vn Vng v Chu Cng. Dch gi trch dn trn 700 ch trong vn hc th gii gii thch phn kinh . ng li lun v cch bi, tng mi m, hp dn. Ti c bitthm hai bn dch, s si nhng ch trng n vic bi: - Alfred Douglas, The oracle of Change - Penguin Books - 1972. Phn I - gi ithiu qua loa ngun gc Kinh Dch, t tng trong Kinh Dch, ri ch
cch bi. Phn II - Dch Thon T, Ho T, vi t li gii thch theo quan nim ca Nho gia. - J. Lavier, Le Livre de la Terre et du Ciel - dition Tchou, Paris 1969. Tc gi l gio s dy khoa chm cu i Loan. ng cho rng Kinh Dch l cng trnh ca Phc Hi, Vn Vng, Chu Cng, Khng t, nhng li bo n l "cun sch thing ca o Lo truyn thng". Phn u ng tm ngha c nht ca mt s danh t nh: Thi t, o, m dng, dch, qui, cn, khn, khm, li, cn, oi, tn, chn...Chng hn ng cho (dch) [] l con k nhng thay i mu sc d dng, li [] gm con yack (mt ging tru rt mnh) bn tri, vi con chim [] bn phi, do li c nga l mnh v p (nh chim), sau ng ging qua loa v 2 cch sp t cc qu m trn vng trn ca Phc HI v ca Vn Vng (ng cho cch ca Phc HI c l, ca Vn Vng v l). Phn sau ng dch Thon T v Ho T mt cch rt vn tt, c l theo quan nim ca o gia; chng hn qu Cn, v ngha ca qu, ng vit: "Ngun gc ca mi vt , tin ln ti hon ho, v ngha ca mi ho , ng vit. : Ho 1 : trong hang, con rng khng hot ng. Ho 2: Con rng hin ln, ngi ta thy n (!) Ho 3: Bc i nhn khng c ngng hot ng. Ho 4: Con rng vy vng. Ho 5: Con rng bay. Ho 6: (Ho thng) Dng khng c tuyt i, i khi phi nhng ch cho m, nu khng th khng sinh sn c g. Phn cui ng tm ngha ca vi qu p dng vo vic i nay m thi xa khng c. Nh qu Thy Li Trun, ng ging rng n din tm thn do d hoang mang ca thanh nin; qu Thy Thin Nhu din tc nguy him ca mt chic xe, qu Thun Khm chnh l ci tng ca khoa hc hin i (khoa hc pht trin qu th nguy cho nhn loi)... ng ta cng bi th cho mt thiu n hi v hn nhn, c qu Li trch Quy mui bin ra qu a trch Ln, khuyn thiu n i mt c hi khc, v theo qu th mi u tt, ri sau bn thnh xu. Tm li cun ca J. Lavier c nhiu mi, ng hay khng, ti khng dm quyt; cn vic ging ngha cc qu th s lc qu. c bit nht l cun The Symbols of Yi King ca Z.D Sung - Paragon (Paragon c phi l tn nh xut bn khng? u? In nm no, khng bit, ch bit bi ta ca tc gi vit nm 1934). Khng phi l mt bn dch Kinh Dch; tc gi ch ghi li nhng s ngu nhin trng hp gia mt s qu vi vi mn hc nh : i s hc, Vt l, Thin vn, Lun l m ng rt tn cng tm ra c. Ti ch xin dn mt th d u sch. ng cho ho dng ___ (vch lin) l A, ho m_ _ (vch t) l B. Ri ng i tm qu n ra:
thnh AAA : A(tam tha); Khn thnh BBB : B(tam tha). Ba qu c 2 ho dng, mt ho m: Tn thnh AAB A(bnh phng)B oi thnh B A A: B A(bnh phng); Ly thnh ABA : A(bnh phng)B;
Cn Cng ba qu thnh 3 A(bnh phng)B.
Ba qu c 1 ho dng, hai ho m: Chn
thnh BBA; AB(bnh phng); Khm thnh BAB : AB(bnh phng) Cn thnh ABB: AB(bnh phng)
Cng ba qu thnh 3 AB2 Cng c tm qu thnh mt cng thc i s: A3 + 3A(bnh phng)B + 3AB(bnh phng) + B(bnh phng) : (A + B)(tam tha) K ra cng ti tnh. *** Nhng theo ti di y mi l hai pht kin ni danh nht ca hc gi phng Ty v Kinh Dch. Pht kin ca Leibniz: Leibniz, trit gia kim ton hc gia c (1946-1716), l ngi u tin ngh ra php nh tin v s hc, thay cho php thp tin, ngha l c dng hai sp (chiffre) 1 v 0 ch khng dng mi sp t 0 n 9. Theo php nh tin th c thm con 0 tc l nhn vi 2 ch khng phi vi 10 nh trong php thp tin. V d: 10 con s u trong php thp tin i ra php nh tin nh sau: 1: 1; 2:10; 3:11; 4:100; 5:101; 6:110; 7:111; 8:1000; 9:1.001; 10: 1.010 (4+2): 100 + 10 = 110 (4+3): 100 + 11 = 111 (8+2): 1.000 + 10 = 1010. Ngy nay cc my in t dng nguyn tc ca Leibniz: h lung in v, n bt th l 1: tt in th l 0. Bt tc, bc tt, ch c 2 th thi. Leibnis ng sng kin ca ng trn mt t bo nm 1679. Trong khong t 1679 n 1702, ng th t vi mt nh truyn gio Ging Tn Trung Hoa, v nh nh truyn gio ny m ng bit c 64 qu Kinh Dch, thy ngi Trung Hoa ch dng hai vch dng v m m vch c cc qu, cng nh ng ch dng s 1 v s 0 m vit c mi s. ng xin v truyn gio 1 bn Phng v 64 qu ca Phc Hi (coi trang sau): suy ngh, tm ti v thy rng nu ng thay con O vo vch m, con 1 vo vch dng th 64 qu ng l 64 con s t 0 n 63 trong php nh tin ca ng. Chng hn qu Bc ( bn mt qu Khn, gia hnh; v bn tri qu Khn trn vng trn, khi ta nhn t trong ra ngoi) ng l s 1 trong php nh tin ca ng, nu khng k nm con 0 ng trc s 1. Ri qu T bn qu Bc i ra thnh 000010, ng l con s 2 trong php nh tin. C nh vy, chng ta c nhng s: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 trn hng u gia hnh. 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 trn hng nh gia hnh v.v. ti qu Cn cui hng 8 (tc hng cui) l s 63. Bn c th kim sot li, i con s 63 ra php nh tin th thy. Mun i nh vy, bn chia 63 cho 2 c 31, cn 1, bn ghi 1, v vch mt nt dng; ri chia thng s 31 cho 2, c 15, cn 1, li ghi 1 v vch mt nt dng na; chia 15 cho 2 c 7, cn 1, li ghi 1 v vch mt nt dng na; chia 7 cho 2 c 3, cn 1, c thm mt nt dng na; chia 3 cho 2, c 1, thm mt nt dng
na, cn li 1, li thm mt nt dng na; (c cn l 1 l thm 1 nt dng) Rt cuc c ht thy 6 nt dng, ng l qu Cn. PHNG V 64 QU CA PHC HI Vi php nh tin (nume1ration binaire ) ca Leibnibz
Th t cc qu trng sp theo tin thin bt qui ca Phc Hi. Trn vng trn: khi t qu Khn, k l , (nh s theo Leibniz), tin ngc chiu kim ng h, n qu 31, ri li bt t qu 32 bn cnh qu Khn, tin thun chiu kim ng h, n qu cui cng l qu Cn, s 63. gia hnh, cc qu sp theo hng ngang t tri qua phi, hng u t qu 0 (qu Khn) n 7, hng nh t 8 n 15 v.v.. hng cui t 56 n 63 (qu Cn). c gi nhn thy cc qu 7, 15, 23.. trn vng trn cng l nhng qu mang cc s trn khung vung gia. Mt th d na, mun bit qu th 50 trn hnh gia l qu g, bn cng chia nh trn: 50 : 2 = 25, khng cn li, tc l 0, bn vch nt m. 25 : 2 = 12, cn li 1, tc l 1, bn vch nt dng. 12 : 2 = 6, khng cn li,tc l 0, bn vch nt m. 6 : 2 = 3;khng cn li , tc l 0, bn vch nt m. 3 : 2 = 1 , cn li 1 , tc l 1, bn vch nt Dng.
v cn li 1 bn vch nt Dng. Bn c qu Thy trch Tit, ng l qu th 50, tc l qu th 3 trn hng th 7 gia hnh. Ngi ta bo Thiu Ung i Tng v ; nu ng vy th ng tm ra c php nh tin trn su th k trc Leibniz chng? Tht l mt s ngu hp l lng. V s sp t cc qu Tin Thin v cch thc trng qui khng c cht lin quan g vi php nh tin ca Laibniz c. Chng ta : trn vng trn ca , th t khngtheo mt chiu m theo hai chiu nh cch sp trng qui tng truyn ca Phc HI nhng qu cui cng, s 63 cng vn l qu Thun Cn. Vy bn theo ngc chiu kim ng h, nh s t qu Thun Khn l 0, ti 1, 2,3.. n 31 l qu Sn Phong C, bn cnh qu thun cn; ri bn bt t qu a Li phc bn cnh qu thun khn, nh s qu Phc l 32, theo chiu kim ng h tip tc nh s : 33, 34, 35...n qu 62 l Trch Thin Qui cui cng l qu Thun cn s 63. Pht kin - ng hn mt kin - ca nh tm l hc C.G. Jung. Jung gc Thy S, sinh nm 1875, cng vi Freud l mt trong nhng thy t ca Khoa phn tm hc (psychanalyse), nghin cu v tim thc ca loi ngi. ng l bn ca Richard Wilhem, ngi dch Kinh Dch ra ting c, v ng nh Wilhem m hiu c Kinh dch. Trong li m u bn ting Anh ca Wilhem xut bn London, ng k chuyn nm 1949 ng thnh tm bi hai ln theo cch gieo ba ng tin: - Ln th nht bit bn ting Anh sp in c c c gi phng Ty hiu hn bn ting c khng. ng c qu nh bin ra qu Tn (ng ho 2,3). Li on l bn ting Anh ln ny c ch hn bn ting c ln trc. ng mun vit Li ni u cho bn dch ting Anh, li bi mt qu na bit vic nn lm khng, v ng cn do d :ng l mt nh khoa hc, t cho c trch nhim vi khoa hc, m li i gii thiu mt tc phm c tnh cch huyn b thi c ? Nht l ng c th ng bn Kinh Dch Wilhem dng dch, tri qua bao nhiu thi i chc g ng, m bn dch ca Wilhem chc g tin cy c. Ln ny ng c qu Khm bin ra qu Tnh , ng ho 3; li on l nn vit li gii thiu v Kinh dch nh mt ci ging c, h hng bn lp c ri, nhng c th sa sang li m dng c. ng thy nh vy, hai ln bi u c ngha c, bo: Nu mt ngi trn mt tc no m tr li ti hai ln nh vy , th ti, mt nh chuyn v thn kinh hc, cng phi nhn rng ngi c tinh thn lnh mnh. Khng nhng vy, ng cn phc ngi sao m thu c ni do d, nghi ng thm kn ca ng na, ngha l i su c vo tim thc ca ng. Do Jung tin bi Dch, cho mn l mt phng tin rt mi d xt ci tim thc ca con ngi. Raymond de Becker trong li gii thiu bn dch Kinh Dch caCharles de Harley (ln ti bn nm 1970) cng ngh nh Jung. Nu ngi xin qu tht tnh tm, tp trung t tng vo iu mnh mun hi, th qu cho bit c s din bin ca tnh th t trc ti sau c th s ra sao, v t mnh la ly mt thi trong mi tnh th, ty thi m c th thay i mt phn no s din bin ca tnh th c. l ci ch li ca bi Dch v s tm hiu tm l b su (psychologie des profonders), tc tm hiu ci tim thc.
ng cho rng bi Dch khng bao gi bo vic nht nh s xy ra nh th ny, hay th khc, mnh khng sao thay i c (1). Nu 2 ln bi v mt vic th hai qu tt s khc v ln sau tm trng ca ngi bi v tnh th ngoi u thay i ri. Tm li, theo ch chng ti thy th ti nay phng Ty c ba xu hng trong vic nghin cu Kinh Dch: - Xu hng tm hiu o l Trung Hoa, nh J. Legge, R.Wilhem. - Xu hng tm nhng ci ngu hp gia Kinh Dch v cc khoa hc ngy nay, nh Leibniz, Z.D Sung. - Xu hng ch coi Kinh Dch l mt sch bi, Mt hng ngi nh Alfred Douglas, J.Lavier theo ng cch bi v on ca Trung Hoa m khng pht kin c g; mt hng na nh C.Jung, R. de Becker coi bi dch l mt cch i su vo tim thc con ngi. Chnh hng hc gi sau cng ny c cng pht huy Kinh Dch nht, hoc cho Kinh dch mt b o mi m nht. H ch mi vch ci hng i, cha nghin cu g c nhiu. Nhng chng ta nn theo di cng trnh ca h, c th trong dm ba chc nm na, chng ta s c bit thm nhiu iu rt mi. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)
Chng 4 THUT NG V QUI TC CN NH 1- THUT NG : Dch l mt mn hc c mt s thut ng v qui tc m chng ta phi nh cng nh nh cc nh ngha, nh ca mn hnh hc. Trong my chng trn, c gi gp vi ba chc thut ng m ti xin k li di y: Lng Nghi T tng Bt qui: Cn Khn Ly Khm Cn ai Chn Tn Tin thin bt qui Hu thin bt qui
n qui Trng qui Thun qui H qui Ni qui Ngai qui Cch vch v xt trng qui: t di ln. Cch gi tn thnh phn trng qui: t trn xung. Ho: Dng (cng gi l ho thc) m (cng gi l hao h) L (ting Hn gi l c) Chn (ting Hn gi l ngu) S. Thng Bn li nn nh th no l : H Lc Th Than (san) Tng T (nh than t) Truyn (nh i tng, tiu tng truyn) C tt c my truyn, tn v ni dung mi truyn. Ti trng c hng, sau mi thut ng, nu bn qun ngha th tm li nhng trang trn ri hoc ghi s trang hoc tm tt nh ngha vo ch trng, cho d tm, d nh. Trong chng ny ti s ging thm mt s thut ng v t qui tc chnh ca mn Dch hc. Ho cu Ho lc. Trong mt trng qui, ho dng (vch lin) cn li l ho cu. Ho m (vch t) cn gi l ho lc. V v: qu Thy ha K t v qu Ha thy v t: Thy ha K t __ __ Thng lc. _____ Cu ng __ __ Lc t _____ Cu tam __ __ Lc nh _____ S cu Ha thy v t: _____ Thng cu __ __ Lc ng _____ Cu t __ __ Lc tam _____ Cu nh __ __ S lc
Nhng ch cu v lc hai qu trong khng c ngha l 9, 6 m ch c ngha dng, m. Ho di cng l qu K T v qu V T (cng nh mi qu khc) gi l ho s (tc ho u tin), nhng bn K T, n l ho dng, nn gi l S cu (ngha l ho s m l dng); cn bn V T, n l ho m, nn gi l s lc (ngha l ho s m l m). Ho th nh t di ln, gi l ho nh, bn K T n l m cho nn gi l Lc Nh; cn bn V T n l ho dng, nn gi l Cu nhi. Ho trn cng, gi l ho thng, bn K T n l ho m, nn gi l thng lc; cn bn V T, n l ho dng, nn gi l thng cu. Cc ho khc cng vy, c gp ch cu th bn i ngay l ra dng, gp ch lc th i ngay ra l m. Do l ch lc trong cc ho c ngha l m ri, nn ho trn cng, tc ho th su khng gi l lc (su) na, m gi l thng cho khi lm. S gi tn ho nh vy rc ri cho nhng ngi mi c Kinh Dch, cho nn trong phn sau (dch cc qu) chng ti khng dng, m gi l ho 1, ho 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 cho d hiu. tuy nhin, c gi c th c cc sch khc v Kinh Dch , nn khng th khng bit ngha hai thut ng cu, lc c. Nhng ti sao ho dng li gi l cu, ho m li gi l lc? C 3 thuyt, ti ch xin dn thuyt thng dng nht. H t thng truyn, Chng 9 bo dng (tri) c nm s: 1, 3,5, 5, 9 (u l c), m (t) c nm s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 (u chn c). Dng th k thun: ba s sanh l 1, 3, 5 hai s thnh l 7, 9. m th k nghch (t s 10 ln ngc ln ti s 2): ba s thnh l 10, 8, 6, hai s sanh l 4, 2. Vy s thnh cui cng ca dng (lo dng) l 9, m s thnh cui cng ca m (lo m) l 6; do gi dng l cu, gi m l lc, ch khng phi cu l ho th 9, lc l ho th 6. Thuyt ng hay khng, ti khng bit; m nh hay qun, ti cho l cng khng quan trng. Dng cu Dng lc: Ring qu Thun cn, ngai su ho, cn c ho (?) dng cu; v ring qu Thun khn, ngai su ho, cn c ho (?) dng lc. Chng ti ghi li y, v qua phn sau, khi dch hai qu s xt mi d hiu c. T c: c cc qu trong phn sau, chng ta s gp nhng ch ny: nguyn, hanh, li, trnh, m Chu Dch gi l t c, c th hiu l bn c tnh ca cc qu. Ni l ca cc qu, nhng theo Tin C Bc trong cun Chu Dch gii cp k c php (Thng v n th qun) th ch c 7 qu c t c, cn nhng qu khc th ch c 3 c hoc 2 c hoc 1 c, c khi khng oc c no. M trong y qu c t c chi duy c qu cn l bn c c han tan, cn su qu kia tuy cng c t c m b hn ch t nhiu, ngha l phi c iu kin no , gp han cnh no mi c c c no . a) ngha thng thng ca t c nh sau: Nguyn l u tin, ln, trm mi iu thin. Hanh l hanh thng, thun tin, tp hp cc iu hay. Li l nn, tha thch, ha hp cc iu phi. Trinh l chnh, bn cht, gc ca mi vic.
b) Di y ti ghi thm mt s ngha khc. Xt theo o ngi th nguyn thuc v c nhn, hnh thuc v c l, li thuc v c ngha, trinh thuc v c tr. l quan nim ca nh Nho. c) Ring v qu Cn (Tri) th c nh cho rng nguyn thuc v ma xun (pht sinh vn vt), hanh thuc v ma h (vn vt ny n), li thuc v ma thu (vn vt thnh thc), trinh thuc v ma ng (vn vt t ti kt thc tt p) Phng Hu Lan trong Tm L hc pht huy thm quan nim m cho Nguyn, Hanh, Li, Trinh l bn trnh t trong s din tin ca Cn, hay l ci ng lc vn hnh to nn sinh mnh: Nguyn l u, tr ci khi an pht ng ca sinh mnh, ngha l ci trng thi ca vt khi bt u vo cuc sng. Hanh l hanh thng, l thng ng, Khi sinh mnh ca vt hin nhin trong thc t, tng thng vi ngai gii th trng thi ca n lc gi l hanh. Li l thun li, l trng thi ca sinh vt khi tng thng vi ngai gii, n thch ng c vi han cnh. Trinh l thnh tu hn hi, tc l trng thi ca sinh vt v thch ng c vi hon cnh mt cch thun li m hnh thnh mt cch tt p (i cng trit hc Trung Quc Thng trang 170 Co thm) d) To Thng trong Chu Dch Tn Gii (sch dn) cng gii ngha i khi nh vy, nhng cho nguyn hanh li trinh chng phi ch l trnh t hnh thnh ca sinh mnh, m ca c v tr kia. ng bo: Nguyn l hi cn v khn mi giao nhau ch cha bin ha. Hanh l lc cn, khn giao vi nhau ri m thngvi nhau. Li l lc cn, khn iu ha nhau m bin ha. Trinh l giai an cn khng bin ha xong ri v nh v Theo Cao Hnh trong Chu Dch C Kinh Kim Ch th tt c nhng cch gii thch k trn u l ca ngi sau c, ch mi u, Kinh Dch ch dng bi th ngha nguyn hanh li trnh khc hn: ) Nguyn l ln, Hanh tc l ch hng . Ngi xa khi c hnh mt cuc cng t ln (i hng chi t), bc s gp qu Cn th chp l nguyn hng (hng ln). Li, trinh [] tc l li chim [] . Bc s gp qu cn th cho l lm vic tt c li, cho nn chp l li trinh. Trong phn Dch, chng ti theo cch gii thch thng thng nht. Ct (mt qu ct) ngha l tt lnh. Hung ngc li vi ct, xu nht Hi l li, n n. Ln l li nh, tic. V cu l khng c li hoc li khng v ai c. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) 2 - QUI TC ngha v tng quan ca ni, ngai qui: Mi trng qui tuy gm hai n qui chng ln nhau, nhng ch din t mt tnh
trng, mt s vic, mt bin c hay mt hin tng; vy ni qui v ngai qui c tng quan mt thit vi nhau. Tng quan ra sao? C hai thuyt - Thuyt th nht c nhiu ngi chp nhn nht, thng thy nht trong Kinh Dch, l s din tin tun t v thi gian: ho s l bc u ho thng l bc cui, cc ho gia l cc giai on trung gian. iu ta thy rt r trong qu Thun Cn. D hiu Cn l o tri hay o ca ngi , th chng ta cng thy ci lut din tin ln ln t lc mi sinh ra vn vt ri ti lc vn vt bin ha, thnh thc, ha hp, thnh cc ri suy ( l o tri), hoc din tin t lc ngi qun t cn n dt, tu c ch thi, ti lc bt u xut hin nhng vn phi tip tc tu dng, gi vng ch mnh, xem xt thi c m hnh ng ch khng nn vi vng, sau mi lm c s nghip ln, v khi xong s nghip ri th nn lui v, nhng cho ngi khc. Khng ni ch qu Thun Cn, ni qui v ngai qui nh nhau: Nhng qu Hm, Cn, s nh, Tim, Thi, Ly, Ph, Hp, B, Bc...m ni qui khc ngai qui, th cng vy: nhng ho ngai qui din tip nhng trnh t trong ni qui. Chng hn qu Hm: ho 1 l ngn chn, ho 2 l bp chn, ho 3 l i, ho 4 l tim, ho 5 l lng, ho 6 l mp, li , s cm nhau tin ln ln nh t ngn chn ln n mp, li. Qu Cn cng vy: s ngn cn t ho 1, ngn chn ri tin ln ln ln bp chn, lng qun, gia thn mnh, mp (ho 5) Qu Tim l tin ln ln: ho 1, con chim hng tin ti b nc, ho 2 n ln phin b, ho 3 n ln ti 9dt bng, ho n nhy ln cnh cy, ho 5 n ln ti g cao v ho cui cng, n bay bng ln tri. - Thuyt th nh ca Ch u Chai v Winberg Chai trong phn gii thiu cun 1 Chinh (bn dch ca J.Legge). Mi n qui c ba ho th ho 1 c ngha nn d dt v l bc u, ho 3 c ngha phi phng v l lc cng cc, ch ho 2 l c ngha nn hat ng. Mi trng qui cng vy: Cp 1 v 6: bt bin, v l bc u v bc cui. Cp 3 v 4L thay i, bp bnh v cn ni qui cha ln ngai qui, (ho 3) hoc mi ln ngai qui (ho 4) Ch cp 2 v 5 c nhiu tc ng. - Thuyt th ba, t ngi p dng, ti mi thy J. Lavier trnh by trong cun Le Livre de la terre et du ciel, cho rng tng quan gia ni qui v ngai qui l tng quan nhn qu. Ni qui din ci nhn: Ho 1 l thc th (substance) ca nhn. Ho 2 l biu th (manifestation) ca nhn. Ho 3 l c tnh (essence) ca nhn. Ngai qui din ci qu: Ho 4 l thc th ca qu. Ho 5 l biu th ca qu Ho 6 l c tnh ca qu. Nh vy ho 4 l ci qu ca ho 1, ho 5 l ci qu ca ho 2, ho 6 l ci qu ca ho 3. Ti khng bit thuyt c phi ca o gia hay khng, chc chn khng phi
ca Dch hc phi thi Chin quc, Hn s. Ti cn thy c sch ni qu n s d c ba ho v ngi u tin vch ra mun c tam ti (ba ngi): tri, t, ngi, Ho di cng l t, ho trn cng l tri, ho gia l ngi. Do qu trng c 6 ho th hai ho di cng cng l t, hai ho trn cng l tri, hai ho gia l ngi. Thuyt ny cng rt t khi thy p dng. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) 3 - NGHA CC HO Trung - Chnh: Di y l mt s qui tc rt quan trng, c th ni l quan trng nht trong Dch, trong nhn sinh quan ca Trung hoa, chng ta nn nh k. Trc ht chng ta phi phn bit bn th, tnh cch ca ho , v v tr ca ho. Ho ch c hai lai: dng v m. l bn th ca ho. Tnh cch ca dng l: n ng cng cng, thin, i, chnh, thnh thc, qun t, ph qu. Tnh cch ca m l: n b, nhu thun, c (xu, tri vi thin), t ngy (tri vi thnh thc) tiu nhn, bn tin... Nh vy, dng tt p, m xu xa. Nhng ch l xt chung. cn phi xt v tr ca Ho na, mi nh c l tt hay xu. D l ho dng m v tr khng trung, chnh th cng xu; d l ho m m v tr trung chnh th cng tt. Th no l trung? Ni qui c ba ho: 1 l s, 2 l trung ,3 l mt. Ngai qui cng c ba ho: 4 l s, 5 l trung, 6 l mt. Vy trung l nhng ho gia ni qui v ngai qui, tc ho 2 v ho 5, d bn th ca ho l dng hay m th cng vy. Th no l chnh? Trong 6 ho, nhng ho s l 1, 3, 5 c v tr dng; nhng ho s chn 2, 4, 6 v tr m. Mt ho bn th l dng (ngha l mt vch lin) vo mt v tr dng th l chnh, vo mt v tr m th l bt chnh. Mt ho bn th l m (ngha l mt vch t) phi vo mt v tr m th mi gi l chnh, nu vo v tr dng th l bt chnh. V d qu Thun Cn:su ho u l ho dng c (v bn th), ho 2 v 5 u l trung, nhng ho 2 khng chnh, ch ho 5 mi c c trung ln chnh, v ho 2 l dng v tr m (ho chn) m ho 5 l ho dng v tr dng (ho l). Bn ho kia th ho 1 v 3 c chnh m khng c trung;ho 4, 6 khng c chnh cng khng c trung. Do ho 5 qu Cn l ho tt nht trong qu, m danh t "cu ng" (cu l dng, ng l th 5, cu ng l ho th 5, dng) tr ngi vua, ngi ch tn. 6 ______ khng chnh cng khng trung 5 ______ va trung va chnh 4 ______ khng chnh cng khng trung
3 ______ chnh m khng trung 2 ______ trung m khng chnh 1 ______ chnh m khng trung Mt th d na, qu Thy ha K t: 6 ___ ___ chnh m khng trung 5 ___ ___ va trung va chnh 4 ___ ___ chnh m khng trung 3 ___ ___ chnh m khng trung 2 ___ ___ va trung va chnh 1 ___ ___ chnh m khng trung. Trong 64 qu, khng c qu no m ho no cng tt t nhiu c c mt c hoc trung, hoc chnh, c ho (5) c c hai, nh qu ny, cho nn mi c ngha l K t: nn vic, xong, qua sng. Qu ny cng c ho "cu ng" nhng y, n khng tr ngi vua, v trong qu Cn, qu qu nht (tng trng cho tri) ng u 64 qu n mi thc c gi tr ln. qu K t tr vic i n ch tng i c gi tr thi. Quan nim trung chnh l quan nim cn bn ca Dch, cho nn Trng K Qun bo: "Dch l g? ch l trung, chnh m thi. o l trong thin h ch l khin cho vic khng trung tr v ch trung, vic khng chnh tr v ch chnh" Thi - V tr ca mi ho cn cho ta bit thi ca mi ho na, v nh trn chng ta bit, ho 1 l s thi, ho 3 l mt thi ca ni qui, ho l s thi, ho 6 l mt thi ca ngai qui, cng l mt thi ca trng qui. Xt v phng din tnh th l v tr chnh hay khng chnh, xt v phng din ng th l cp thi hay khng cp thi. Ln ho 2, mi nn xut hin (nhng cha nn lm g), nh vy l cp thi, hp thi. Ln ho 5, va trung va chnh, ti c trau gii lu ri, l lc lm nn s nghip, lm l cp thi, khng lm l b l thi c. Ti ho 6, ho cui cng, thnh cc ri tt phi suy, khng bit kp thi rt lui, th s b ha. V vy quan nim thi cn quan trng hn quan nim trung chnh na, v Tit Tuyn ni rt ng: "Su mi bn qu ch l mt l, mt chn (mt dng mt m); m v vo nhng thi khc nhau, ci "v" (tr) khng ging nhau, cho nn mi c v s s bin. Cng nh con ngi, ch c ng vi tnh, m v "thi" v (a) "v" khng ging nhau, cho nn c ci o l v cng; v th mi gi l dch (bin dch)" V nhng quan nim chnh trung, thi , ti s xt k hn trong Chng VI. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) 4 - TNG QUAN GIA CC HO Nhng ho ng nhau: Xt v v tr, mi ho trong ni qui ng vi mt ho trong ngai qui: Ho 1 ng vi ho 4 : ho l ng vi ho chn. Ho 2 ng vi ho 5: ho chn ng vi ho l. Ho 3 ng vi ho 6: ho l ng vi ho chn.
Vy dng v ng vi m v, v ngc li (1). ch mi l mt iu kin. Cn phi mt iu kin na th mi gi l tt: hai ho phi khc nhau v bn th, mt l dng, mt l m th mi c tnh vi nhau, mi tng cu, tng tr nhau nh ho 1 v 4 qu Tng. Nu hai ho v tuy khc nhau (mt chn mt l) m th ging nhau (cng dng c, hoc cng m c) th c khi k nhau ch khng gip nhau c g nh ho 2 v 5 qu Tng. Nhng cng c khi ng m v tnh cng tt, nh ho 1 v 4 qu Phong, tng thnh ch khng tng dch (xin coi thm Chng VI). Trong ba cp tng ng 1-4, 2,5,3,6 th: - Cp 2-5 quan trng nht, hai ho u c trung c m ho 5 li vo a v cao nht. Nu ho 5 l m (nhu), ho 2 l dng (cng) th tt, v ho 5 l ngi trn (vua, cha, chng) m nhu, bit khim tn, khut k, tn nhim ngi di (nh T Han Cng chu nghe li Qun Trng); cn ho 2 l ngi di (b ti, con, v) cng trc nhng l , bit gip , khuyn rn ngi trn. l trng hp cc qu 4, 7, 11, 14, 18 . . (coi phn dch sau) Nu ngc li ho 5 l dng (cng), ho 2 l m (nhu) th km tt, v ngi trn t tn qu, m ngi di nhu thun qu, khng dm khuyn can ngi trn. l trng hp qu 39 (Thy Sn Kin), qu 63 (Thy ha k t). Xt chung th nh vy, nhng tt hay xu cn phi ty ngha ca tan qu m an: - Cp 1-4 khng quan trng my, nhng vn thng c xt. Nu ho 4 l m, ho 1 l dng th ngha kh tt: l do cng nh trng hp ho 5 l m, ho 2 l dng. Ngc li, nu 4 l dng, 1 l m th km: c hai u bt chnh. - Cp 3-6 rt t khi c xt ti. V l ho 6 ti thi suy, cn phi rt lui, khng cn ngi di gip na; m ngi ho 3 - vo mt a v mp m, khng chnh ng (cui qu m cha ln c qu ngai), mun gip ho 6 th phi qua mt ho 5 ng cm quyn trong qu - nh vy s b ti. Trong mt qu no c mt ho lm ch c qu (coi pha di trang ny) th khng xt nhng cp ng nhau theo nhng qui tc k tr6n, m ch theo ngha tan qu thi. Nhng ho lin nhau: S tng quan gia hai ho lin nhau khng quan trng bng s tng quan gia nhng ho ng nhau, cho nn di y chng ti ch xt qua thi. Nguyn tc l hai ho lin nhau th mt dng (xt v th) mt m mi tt. C tt c nm cp : 1-2, 2-3,3-4,4-5,5-6. - Quan trng nht l cp 4-5 v ho 5 l vua, ho 4 l v i thn bn cnh vua. Ho 4 m nhu (m), ho 5 m cng (dng) th thng tt, v c hai ho u chnh v, m v i thn bn cnh vua cn phi tn trng vua; khng nh ho 2 xa vua, cha c chc phn g, ch c ti c, ting tm thi, khng nht thit phi nghe theo mi li ca vua. - Ngc li nu 4 m cng, 5 l nhu th thng xu: i thn c th ln quyn vua. Ti ni thng, v c khi tt, nh trng hp qu Li a D trang sau. Cn phi ty theo ngha ca qu na. - Cp 5-6 cng nn xt. Nu 5 l m, 6 l dng th thng tt v vua t t mnh di mt hin nhn (ho 6), nghe li hin nhn th mi s s tt.
Ngc li, nu 5 l dng, 6 l m, th xu v ho 6 khng gip g c cho ho 5 c. Chng ta thy trong trng hp trn, hai ho 5 v 6 u khng chnh m ngha li tt; trong trng hp di, hai ho u chnh c (dng dng v, m m v) m ngha li xu. Mt ln na, trong Dch, khng c qui tc g lun lun ng, c rt nhiu l ngai, phi ty thi m xt. - Cp 3-4 c mt im ging nhau: c hai u khang ni qui bc qua ngai qui, cn hoang mang khng bit nn tin hay thai, cho nn cn c tn l t ( gia, trn b), l nghi (nghi ng). Cn hai cp 1-2, 2-3 khng c g c bit, nn khng xt. Ho lm ch: C mt qui tc na nn nh: chng d qu vi ch, a d thiu vi tn Ngha l ci g nhiu th b i m ly ci t. Theo qui tc , qu no nhiu dng th ly m lm ch; ngc li th ly dng lm ch. Nh trong tm qu n, khng k hai qu cn, khn ba hao u dng hoc u m, cn li 6 qu kia th ba qu:Chn, Khm, Cn mi qu u c 2 m 1 dng, cho nn ly dng lm ch, m coi nhng qu l dng; ba qe ; tn, ai, mi qu u c hai dng, mt m, cho nn ly m lm ch, m coi nhng qu l m. Chng ta nhn thy nhng qu dng s nt u l, nhng qu m s nt u chn. (Mt vch t __ __ m, k lm hai nt). Trong nhng qu trng, cng vy. Th d qu Li a D c nm ho m, mt ho dng (ho th t) th ly ho dng lm ch c qu, ho ch ng trong qu, ngha tan qu ty thuc n c. Ho l v cn thn c ti c, cng cng (dng) bn cnh ng vua nhu nhc (ho ng l m), ho 4 khng ch c cc ho m (k tiu nhn, km c) di, gip c vua, khin cho xa hi c vui v (d c nga l vui v sung sng). Mt th d na: qu Trch thin Qui c nm ho dng, mt ho m th ly ho m (ho 6) lm ch, ngha l khi xt ngha ca tan qu th nhm vo ho m : nm ho dng l mt by qun t cng nhau cng quyt tr kh mt ho m k tiu nhn -; cho nn qu c ngha l cng quyt (qui l cng quyt, quyt lit). V gp ho t an l sau cng (k tiu nhn) tt phi cht (chung hu hung). Tm li mt ho tt (ho 4 trong qu Li a D) lm ch c qu m mt ho xu (ho 6 trong qu Trch thin Qui) cng c th lm ch c qu. Lm ch v n l s t trong mt m s nhiu, ch khng phi v tt hay xu. Vy th qui tc chng d qu vi ch trong Dch khng c ngha l a s phi phc tng thiu s, tri vi ch dn ch; m c c nga l khi xt ngha ca qu th tm ci nt c bit ca qu, nt c c l mt ho dng gia nm ho m, hoc mt ho m gia nm ho dng, khng cn ti ho c cao qi hay khng, tt hay xu. Nhng ta cng nhn thy rng nu ho c bit l ho th nm, trung m li chnh th hu ht l tt; nu li hp thi na th chc chn l tt. Chng ta nn : qui tc: chng d qu vi ch c nhiu l ngai, nh qu Cu,
ho 1 l ho m duy nht m khng phi l ho quan trng nht, quyt nh ngha ca qu. So snh cc ho: H t h truyn Chng 9 ni: - Ho s kh bit, ho thng d bit (k s nan tri, k thng d tri). iu d hiu, ho s tr lc mi vo cuc, cha c thnh tch, cha bit svic s bin chuyn ra sao, cho nn kh bit c gi tr, cng dng ca n. Cn ho thng tr lc mn cuc, c thnh tch, ti nng g hay khng, bit ri, vic lm ra sao, tng lai ra sao r c ri. Trong khi an qu, t khi ngi ta quan tm ti tc ng ca hai ho y m ch trng ti bn ho trung gian hn. - So snh ho 2 v ho 4 cng chng 9 bo : . . .cng cng m khc bc, ci hay cng khc nhau. Ho 2 c nhiu ting khen, ho 4 th b nhiu lo s (nh d t ng cng nhi d v, k thin bt ng. Nh a d, t a c) . Hai ho v tr ngu (chn) ging nhau : nhng ho 2 c trung, ho 4 khng, li thm ho 2 xa ho 5 (xa vua) bc thp v c ho 5 ngvin, cho nn d lm c vic v d c khen; cn ho 4 khng c trung m li gn ho 5 (vua bc cao) nn phi lo s, nht l ho ng l ho 1, cn non nt qua, khng gip n c g, trong khi n mi ni qui bc ln ngai qui, cn hoang mang b ng. - Cng theo chng 9: - Ho 3 v ho 5 cng cng m khc bc, ho 3 nhiu ci xu, ho 5 nhiu cng (tam d ng ng cng nhi d v, tam a hung, ng a cng). Hai ho ging nhau im cng v tr c (l) c ng cng, nhng bc khc nhau (ho 5 bc cc cao, ho 3 thp). Ho 5 c trung c ng l ho 2 m li bc cao, cho nn lm c nhng vic ln, c nhiu cng; cn ho 3 trn cng ni qui, u cp di, a v cn thp, trng vo ngi gip mnh th ch c ho 6 trn cng n thi suy, ht quyn hnh ri, khng vin tr c g; li na ho 3 bt c trung, nu l ho m th thm bt chnh, do m H t cho l a hung ng v bin: an ny lin quan ti vic bi, chng ti khng c kho v mn bi, nn ch ging qua thi. Thi xa ngi Trung Hoa bi bng c thi. H t thng chng 9 ghi s lc v php bi. c gi no mun hiu r, c th c nhng trang 189 . . 192 , cun Kinh dch vi V Tr quan ng Phng ca ng Nguyn Hu Lng (sch dn, hoc Chng 4 cun The cracle of Change c Alfred Dougleas. Ngy nay khng ai dng cch bi na, m dng cch gieo qu ba ng tin vo lng mt ci bt. Nu mt ng sp 9(1) th l dng, vch mt nt dng. Nu mt ng nga (2) th l m, vch mt nt m. Trong hai trng hp , ho u gi l tnh c. Nu ba ng cng sp th cng l dng, bn v mt vng trn O. Nu ba ng u nga th cng l m, bn v mt ch X. Nhng trong hai trng hp ny, ho u gi l ng c. Ln u gieo nh vy, c nt no (dng hay m) hay hnh no (vng trn hay
ch X), bn vch nt hay v hnh di thp nht, th l c ho 1. Gieo ln th nh, cng nh trn, ri ty kt qu, cng vch nt hay v hnh ln trn ho 1, th l c ho 2. Lm nh vy 6 ln, c su ho, c ln sau t ln trn ln trc, ln th 6 trn cng. V d gieo ln u, bn c mt ho m tnh (mt ng nga) ln th nh c mt ho dng tnh (mt ng sp) ln th ba c mt ho m tnh, ln th t, th nm, th su u c nhng ho dng tnh, th khi vch xong cc nt, bn c qu Thin Thy Tng di y: Qu l mt qu tnh,v khng c ho no ng c. Nu ln gieo th nm, bn c ba ng sp, tc ho dng ng th bn vch nh sau: Cng vn l qu Thin thy Tng nhng c ho 5 ng qu Tng ny ng. ng th bin. Dng ng th bin thnh m, ngc li nu m ng th bin thnh dng. y l dng ng, vy ho 5 bin thnh m, v bn c qu bin nh sau: Qu l qu Ha Thy V T. Nh vy l qu Thin Thy Tng bin ra qu Ha Thy v T. Nu gieo ln th nht, bn c ba ng nga, tc ho m ng th bn vch nh sau: (Hnh ny hai nt, nn gi l m) Cngvn l qu Thin Thy Tng, nhng c ho 1 ng. Ho 1 l m, ng th bin thnh dng, thnh qu bin nh sau: Qe l qu Thin Trch L. Nh vy l qu Thin Thy Tng bin ra qu Thin Trch L. Khi bi ngi ta xt c hai qu cha bin v bin ri bit s vic lc mi u ra sao, khi bin s ra sao. Tm li, c gi ch cn nh: h ba ng tin cng nga ht hay cng sp ht th gi l ng. ng th dng bin thnh m, m bin thnh dng, m mt qu thnh hai qu. C trng hp hai, ba ho cng bin trong mt qu, phi i ht hai ba ho mt lt v cng ch c mt qu bin thi. Nu khng c ln no ng th qu han tan tnh v khng bin thnh qu khc. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) 5 - PHP AN QU T xa ti nay c nhiu php an qu. Ti khng bit r php an thi Tin Tn ra sao. C th C.G Jung theo php . Phn trc ti ni khi d nh in bn
dch Kinh Dch ra ting Anh, ng bi 2 qu m qu th nh ng hi v vic c nn ta cho bn dch khng. ng c qu Khm ng ho 3, bin ra qu tnh. Khm c ngha l him, xu, nhng bin ra Tnh th theo Than t (coi phn dch 64 qu sau) li c ngha tt. ng an rng qu mun bo Kinh Dch nh ci ging nc trong m khng ai mc. Nu c dng th s gip ch cho mi ngi c nh. Vy l cng vic Jung nh lm s c ch. Cn ci him trong qu Khm th khng lin quan g n vic vit ta, c th b. Nhng Jung c h khng theo st ngha ho 3 khi cha bin v khi bin, ch dng ci ho 3 qu Tnh ri kt hp vi ho 1 cng qu l ci ging c, bn ly, khng ai dng na (coi phn Dch 64 qu) v an rng nn vit li Gii thiu v Kinh Dch nh mt ci ging c, bn ly lp c ri, nhng c th sa sang m dng li c. an nh vy khng tht ng php (v ho 1 Tnh, ng l khng c dng an) nhng c th tm chp nhn c v vn l dng li trong qu Tnh, khng lc hn. i khi cch an ca c nhn nh vy, cch an ngy nay khc hn, rc ri hn nhiu, khng th trnh by d l s lc trong nm mi trang c, cho nn ti ch nu vi qui tc di y thi. Ty tng qu ngi ta cho mi ho mt ngha: hoc l mnh (th: tc ngi xin qu), ngi kia (ng: tc k lm n vi mnh hay mun xin mnh, gip mnh, hi mnh . . .) ; hoc l ngha cha m, anh em, con ci, quan chc, tin ca, bnh tt . . . - Li cng ty tng qu ngi ta cho mi ho thuc vo mt hnh no trong ng hnh (Kim Mc Thy Ha Th), ngy thng xin qu cng vy; - Ri c theo lut ng hnh tng sinh tng khc (mc sinh ha, ha sinh th, th sinh kim, kim sinh thy, thy sinh mc, mc khc th, th khc thy, thy khc ha, ha khc kim, kim khc mc, xem ho no sinh hay khc ho no, ho no tt, ho no xu. iu mnh xin c c nh khng, bao gi vic s xy ra . . i khi ngi ta cng dng ngha ca qu (nh c qu Thi, qu Tn th cho l tt, qu B, qu Kin th cho l xu), nhng ch l ph; khng khi no ngi ta dng ngha ca ho (ho t) m rt ch trng n lut ng hnh tng sinh, tng khc k trn. Vy Kinh Dch ngy nay mt tnh cch sch bi, m mang tnh cch thun trit, mc du 64 qu vn c dng bi. MN AN S BNG 64 QU DCH Hn na t i Tng, Trn an tm c cch dng 64 qu an s mng con ngi, lp ra mn Bt t H Lc. H l H , Lc l Lc th; cn bt t l bn ch can ca nm, thng, ngy, gi sinh ca mi ngi, vi bn ch chi cng ca nm, thng, ngy gi, . ng chuyn bt t 8 ch ra con s H Lc, ri li chuyn s H Lc ra qu Dch; sau cng ch cho ta cch coi nhng qu Dch m an vn mng ca ta, thi no, nm no, tt hay xu, nu xu th nn c thi ra sao, hnh ng ra sao . . (Coi cun Bt t H Lc ca Hc Nng c s xut bn Phm Quang Khai Si Gn 1974).
L lng nht l cch an s cng c nhiu khi ng, khng km s t vi cng ca Trn an tm ra. Thi s Tn v gi tin n lm. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) 6 - CCH GII THCH TN QU Tm qu nguyn thy: Cn, Khn, Ly, Khm, Cn, ai, Chn, Tn c tn t trc Vn Vng, c v biu tng ca mi qu c truyn li t lu, nn Than truyn khng cn phi gii thch tn qu. Cn cc qu khc, Than truyn u gii thch tn. Cch gii thch bt nht, khng theo nguyn tc no c. Theo L Knh Tr trong Dch truyn thm nguyn (Nghim Linh Phong dn trong Dch hc tn lun) th c ba phng php di y: 1. Ly th v ca mt ho m gii thch, nh: - Qu Phong Thin Tiu Sc , Than truyn ging l nhu c v nhi thng h ng chi, vit tiu sc, ngha l c qu ch c mt ho m (nhu), ho v tr m (chnh v), li ngai qui, c a v cao, ngn cn c nm ho dng, bt phi nghe theo mnh, do t tn qu l Tiu sc (nh: m m ngn c ln: dng: sc y c ngha l ngn). Tn qu Thin Trch L, qu Thin Ha ng Nhn cng c gii thch theo cch . 2. Ly tng m gii thch nh: - Qu Sn Thy Mng trn l ni, di l nc, m nc c ngha l him, cho nn gii thch l : Sn h hu him, him nhi chi, mng . Di ni c vng nc him ti tm, ngng li khng bc xung, do c tn l mng (m m). Hai qu Thin Thy Tng, a ha Minh di cng dng tng gii thch. 3. Gii thch ngha ca tn qu, nh: - Qu s, Than Truyn gii thch: S, chng d: S l ng ngi (mt o qun) - Qu Hm, Than truyn gii thch: Hm, cm d:Hm (hp nhau) ngha l cm nhau. 4. Chng ti cn thy mt cch c bit na l coi hnh ca tan qu ging vt g th ly vt m t tn cho qu ri gii thch qu. Nh qu Ha Phong nh vch t di cng nh ci chn vc, ba vch lin trn nh ci thn vc trong cha thc n, vch t trn na nh hai tai vc, vch lin trn cng l ci n khing vc, v vy gi l qu nh (Vc) v c 6 ho u gii ngha theo ci vc. Qu Thy Phong Tnh cng hi ging ci ging, ho 1 mch nc, ho 2,3 l lp t y ging, ho 4 l lng ging, ho 5 l np ging, ho 6 l ming ging, v vy gi l qu Tnh (Ging). Qu Ha Li Ph Hp gi cho ta hnh ci ming h rng ra, vi mt ci que cn ngang ming: ho 1, 6 l hm di v hm trn, ho l ci que, cn cc ho kia l nhng vch t, nh ming h ra. Hai hm rng cn ci que (vt ngn cch) cho n gy i hp vi nhau c, ngm ming li c, do m t tn qu l ph Hp (cn hp li) .
R rng nht l qu Sn Li Di y nh ci ming m rng nut thc n (hai nt lin trn v di l hai hm rng) cho nn t tn l qu Di: nui nng. Trng hp ny ta nh trng hp 3 ch khc vic t tn qu thi. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) Chng 5 O TRI Chu Dch vn l sch bi. Nu ch xt phn Kinh Than T (tc qui t) v Ho T th khng thy c t tng g quan trng v o l c. Phn l tc phm cui i n, u i Chu. Phi i su, by trm nm sau t cui i Xun Thu tr i sut thi Chin quc, mi c nhng trit gia, hc gi ln lt vit nn phn Truyn gii thch phn Kinh v qua i Hn th phn Truyn mi c hnh thc nh ngy nay. Nhng tc gi phn Truyn c em t tng ca Nho, Lo gi, ct" vo phn Kinh, lm cho Chu Dch thnh mt tc phm trit l c v tr quan, nhn sinh quan v c th coi l mt tng hp cc t tng ph bin ca Trung Hoa thi Tin Tn. Trong chng ny chng ti xt v v tr quan, nhn sinh quan li chng sau. Chng ti s cn c vo H T Truyn, Than truyn, Tng Truyn, Vn Ngn Truyn, bn truyn m chng ti cho l quan trng nht. NGUN GC V TR: T NH NGUYN TIN TI NHT NGUYN. Chu dch han tan xy dng trn quan nim m dng, su mi bn qu ch do hai vch m v dng (t v lin) chng ln nhau, thay i cho nhau m thnh. Quan nim m dng l quan nim c bit ca dn tc Trung Hoa. N rt quan trng, lm cn bn cho Trit hc., khoa hc Trung Hoa, c nh hng rt ln ti i sng dn tc Trung Hoa trong my ngn nm nay. Chng ta khng bit n xut hin t thi no, tr lm l i n, v n phi c t trc khi c hnh bt qui. Theo mt s nh ng nguyn hc Trung Hoa th mi u hai ch dng, m c hnh thc nh :
Ch dng (ngy nay: ) gm hai phn: bn tri l sn ni hoc bc tng; bn tri l mt tri [ ] ln khi chn tri, di l nhng tia sng mt tri chiu xung. do , dng tr pha c nh sng, pha sng. Ch m (ngy nay : ) , bn tri cng l sn ni, bn phi, trn c nc nh [ ] , di c m my. Do , m tr pha mt tri b che khut, khng c nh nng, pha ti. Pha c nh nng th m p, cy ci ti tt, pha khng c nh nng th lnh lo,
cy ci khng pht trin, do m dng t ci ngha ti sng chuyn qua ngha lnh nng, m ngy, ma ng ma h, mt trng, mt tri, cht , sng, yu, mnh, cng, ging ci, ging c, suy, thnh , xu, tt, h, thc, tiu nhn, qun t, ng m, c trong . . . Sau khi c Dch Kinh v trc khi c Dch Truyn, m dng ch hai ci kh trong v tr ri Sch Quc Ng chp: B dng Ph ni rng: . . . Kh dng nn khng that ra c, kh m b nn khng bc ra c, th l sinh ra ng t. B Dng Ph i Ty Ch gii thch v ng t xy ra nm th ba i Chu Vng ( 779) nh vy v cho m dng l hai ci kh hai ng lc thin nhin. Trc B Dng Ph, c th l t u thi Ty Chu, khi Vn Vng ri Chu Cng vit Than T v Ho t, ngi Trung Hoa cho m dng l hai nguyn l ca v tr. Chng ta bit hai nt m dng (lng nghi) chng ln nhau, thay i cho nhau m thnh t tng , ri thnh bt qui. C th Vn Vng hoc Chu Cng cho bt qui ngha: Cn: tri, Khn: t, ai: chm, Cn: mi, Tn: gi, Chn: sm st, ly: la, Khm: nc, ngha l dng hai nt m dng tng trng, din hai ci ln nht trong v tr: tri t, hai ci khin ngi ta ch nht trn t : ni, chm; hai ci khin ngi ta ch nht trn tri: gi, sm st, v hai ci cn thit nht cho i sng l nc, la; tm ci m ngi thi cho l tm yu t, hin tng cn bn trong v tr. iu chc chn l sch T Truyn v Quc Ng chp rng thi Xun Thu c nhiu ngi chp nhn ngha ca bt qui ri (Phng Hu Lan n trong Trung Quc trit hc s chng 15 Tit 2): v ti thi Chin Quc, trc hoc sau Mnh t, tc gi Than Truyn cho Cn v Khn, tc dng v m l ngun gc ca v tr: Ln thay c u tin ca Cn, mun vt nh m bt u, c u tin ca Cn thng ng phn tri. My i ma ti, sp t cc vt, lu chuyn cc hnh (i tai Can nguyn, vn vt t thy, ni thng thin. Vn hnh v th phm vt lu hnh) Rt mc thay, c u tin ca Khn, mun vt nh m sinh; c u tin ca Khng thun theo tri. Sc dy ca Khn ch c mi vt, c ca Khng ng l khng gii hn. N bao dung, rng ri, sng lng, ln lao. Cc phm vt u nh n m hanh thng ( Chi tai Khng nguyn, vn vt t sinh, ni thun tha thin. Khn hu ti vt, c hp v cng. Hm hong quang i, phm vt hm hanh) . Xt hai an th tc gi Than Truyn cho Cn to ra vn vt v hnh, thuc phn kh, nhng phi nh Khn, vn vt mi hu hnh, mi sinh trng, cho nn cng ca Khng cng ln nh cng ca Cn, ch khc Khn phi sau Cn, ty theo Cn, b tc cho Cn. Chng ta thy quan nim ging vi quan nim ca Lo t trong o c Kinh, Chng 51: o sinh ra vn vt, c bao bc, bi dng, nui ln ti thnh thc () che ch mi vt (o sinh chi, c sc chi, trng chi, dc chi, nh chi () phc chi Tc gi Than Truyn chu nh hng ca Lo t chng?. M Cn ca Dch tc l o ca o c kinh, Khn ca Dch tc l c ca o c Kinh chng? Khng hn vy, v theo Lo t th nhng biu hin ca c u ty theo o (Khng c chi dung, duy o th tng Chng 21 o c kinh), ngha l c l mt phn ca o: khi cha hin hin trong mi vt th l o, khi hin
ri th phn hin hin trong mi vt l c. Mi vt u c c m c ca bt k vt no cng t o m ra, cho nn n nui ln mi vt m ty theo o. m i vi dng th khc hn: hai ci c lp, tri ngc nhau mc du vn b tc nhau; m Cn vi Khn cng c lp, khng th ni Khn l mt phn ca Cn, nh c l mt phn ca o c. H t h truyn, chng 6 ni r nh vy: Cn i biu nhng vt thuc v dng, Khn i biu nhng vt thuc v m. c ca m dng hp vi nhau m ho cng v ho nh mi c thc th . . (Cn dng vt d, Khn m vt d, m dng hp c nh cng nhu hu th). H t thng truyn Ch.1 cng c ni: Can lm ch, tc ng ,lc mi u, Khn lm ngng kt v thnh vt. (Cn tr thi thy, Khn tc thnh vt Ch Tri y ngha l lm ch). H t H truyn Ch. 6 li bo: Cn v Khn l ca ca Dch, tc s bin ha chng ? (Cn, Khn K Dch chi mn d?) Cn v Khn trong nhng cu u c ngha l dng v m. Ly Cn v Khn, tc Dng v m lm bn cn ca v tr vn vt, tc gi Than Truyn v H t truyn ch trng mt v tr nh nguyn chng? Nhng H t thng truyn Chng 11, a thm mt quan im mi m m trong phn Kinh cng nh trong Than Truyn, Tng Truyn khng c, tc quan nim Thi Cc: Dch c Thi Cc, sinh ra Lng Nghi, Lng Nghi sinh ra t tng, T tng sinh ra Bt Qui (dch Hu Thi Cc, th sinh Lng Nghi, Lng Nghi sinh T tng, T Tng sinh Bt Qui). Ch Dch y c ngha l lch trnh bin ha trong v tr. Lch trnh c khi im l Thi Cc. T Thi Cc mi sinh ra Lng Nghi (m Dng), ri T Tng, ri Bt Qui, tm yu t, hin tng cn bn trong v tr, nh trn ni. Vy th ngun gc v tr l Thi Cc ch khng phi m dng. Sut dch Truyn chng ta ch gp ch Thi Cc mi mt ln , Dch Hc phi khng cho bit g thm. Thi cc c ngha l ln hn ht, cao hn ht, hoc trc ht c. V a s cc hc gi i sau cho n l ci kh tin thin, mt th linh cn bt sinh bt dit, huyn diu trong tim phc hai nguyn t ngc nhau v tnh cht, m v Dng. Quan nim tht tin b so vi quan nim Thng lm ch v tr ca cc i trc. m Dng c thng nht thnh Thi Cc ri, v tr lun ca Dch mi thnh nht nguyn, v Dch hc phi xch gn li Lo t thm na: Thi cc torng h T truyn c th so snh vi o trong o c kinh. Thi Cc cng nh o, l ngun gc ca vn vt. N sinh ra Lng Nghi ri T Tng, Bt qui tc v tr; th o cng sinh ra mt, mt sinh hai, hai sinh ba, ba sinh vn vt (chng 42 o c Kinh); ch khc nhau ch: Thi cc sinh ra hai (m dng) ngay, cn o sinh ra mt ri mi sinh ra hai (cng l m, dng) Ci mt l g? Khng ai bit r. C ngi an rng mt l c, m o ca Lo t l khng. Nu ng vy th Lo t ch trng t khng sinh ra c ri t c mi sinh ra m dng, sau cng l vn vt; cn Dch hc phi khng chp nhn ci khng m bt u ngay t c, t Thi cc. Mi khang 1.300 nm sau, Chu n Di i Tng, sa li quan nim ca Dch hc
phi, cho rng trc Thi cc cn c V Cc, ngha l khi thy khng c g c, ri mi c Thi Cc, c m dng, t tng bt qui (coi V Cc di y) Cho Thi Cc bt ngun t V Cc, tc Lo cho hu bt ngun t v. Th l i Tng, o Nho hon tan chp nhn v tr lun ca o Lo.
Ti y ta c th kt lun: Quan nim m dng c t trc khi c Kinh Dch: v quan nim Tri t l cha m ca vn vt l mt quan nim ph bin ca lai ngi thi Thng c trc khi c quan nim m dng v lai ngi nhn thy rng nh c t mi c cy c, mung th, lai ngi mi c thc n; nh c tri mi c la, nh sng, my ma, vn vt mi sinh trng c. Dch hc phi mi u ch c sng kin phi hp hai quan nim (m dng phi hp vi Cn, Khn Tri t); ri sau phi hp thm vi quan nim o ca Lo t m lp nn mt thuyt v v tr, rt ging vi thuyt ca Lo, nhng thc t hn, ch trng n x hi hn v nhn mnh v m dng, v ging c ging ci, trai gi, v s sinh sinh ha ha hn. T Xun Thu tr v trc, cn l quan nim nh nguyn: lng nghi (m dng) , t tng, bt qui (hai hnh trn cng). Qua chin Quc hoc Hn thm Thi Cc (hnh th ba) thnh nht nguyn. Thi Cc gm m v dng, cho nn c ngi gi l nht nguyn lng cc (mt gc, mt nguyn l m hai ci i lp : m dng) Ti i Tng, thm v cc na (hnh cui cng) thnh v cc . Nh vy , khi
thy l v cc ri mi c Thi Cc, c Lng Nghi, T Tng, Bt Qui: han tan thnh nht nguyn. o m dng. H t Truyn c nhiu ch nhc n o m dng. H T Thng Chng I: C cn (dng) nn thnh ging c, c Khn (m) nn thnh ging ci H t h Chng 6: c (tn cch) ca m dng hp vi nhau: m ho cng v nhu mi c thc th, nhn m suy trc c cng vic ca Tri t v thng cm c c ca thn minh. Nht l Chng 5 cng trong H T h: Ging c ging ci kt hp tinh kh m vn vt sinh n, bin ha (Nam n cu tnh, vn vt ha sinh) Chng ring lai ngi m vn vt, ngay tri t cng vy, v tri t l cha m ca mun lai cng ch l m dng, tt phi giao cm vi nhau ri mi c mun lai c (thin a nhn lun, vn vt ha thun) Cu ny na trong H t Thng Chng 11. ng ca gi l Khng (kh m), m ca gi l Cn (kh dng). (Hp h v chi Khng, tch H v chi Cn). Tan l cn c vo hot ng sinh thc ca nam n, ca ging c ging ci m ging v ngun gc v tr, vn vt. Trong Than Truyn ta cng thy ni ti s giao hp gia tri v t: Nh qu Thi: Tri t c giao nhau ri vn vt mi thng (Thin a giao nhi vn vt tng d). Qu Hm: Tri t cm nhau m vn vt mi ha sinh (Thin a cm nhi vn vt ha sinh). Qu Cn: Tri t hi nhau th vn vt mi sinh trng, pht t r rng: (Thin a tng ng, phm vt hm chng d). Qu Qui Mui: Tri t khng hi nhau th vn vt khng hng thnh ln c (Thin a bt giao nhi vn vt bt hng). R rng l Dch coi o m dng, o nam n l quan trng nht: V c nam n ri mi thnh v chng, c cha con, vua ti, c l ngha. Nam n l gc ca gia nh, x hi, gc ca o l, m o nam n cng ln nh o Cn Khn: cho nn u Kinh Thng l hai qu Cn, Khn m u Kinh H l hai qu Hm, Hng (Nam n cm nhau ri thnh v chng). Chng V H t Thng truyn bo: Mt m, mt dng gi l o: Ci o y khi pht ra th tt lnh; khi n c th ha ngi th gi l tnh (Nht m nht dng chi v o; k chi gi thin thnh chi gi, tnh d) Cu Nht m nht dng ci vp c th hiu rt nhiu cch, chng hn: - C m v c dng l o. - Mt thi m, mt thi dng, th l o. - Mt mt m, mt mt dng, th l o.
- Ci khin cho khi th m xut hin, khi th dng xut hin, ci gi l o. Hoc: - m dng phi hp ri sau mi c o. Chng ti thy cu u tin trong Chng V H t thng c ci ging trong Mnh T, Trung Dung v ngh rng nu c hiu nh sau th cng c th c: m Dng (nam n) i th l o, o pht ra mt cch t nhin th tt lnh, thc hnh n l hp vi tnh ca con ngi. D sao ti cng phi nhn cao o m dng, nam n nh vy, Dch hc phi chu nh hng ca o Nho, v trong lc cc trit thuyt thi Tin Tn, ch c Nho l nhn mnh vo nhn lun, x hi hn c. Nh vy, v tr quan trng Dch gm mt t t tng ca dn tc Trung Hoa thi trc vi mt s t tng ca Lo v Khng. DCH L GIAO DCH Trong m c dng, trong dng c m. m thnh th dng suy, dng thnh th m suy. Quan nim m dng l mt quan nim c bit ca Trung Hoa, khng thy trong t tng cc dn tc khc. Quan nim positif ngatif ca u ch l mt phn nh ca quan nim m dng thi. V m dng bao trm c khng gian (nh pha bc, pha nam) thi gian (nh m ngy), thi tit (nh ng, h, nng, ma), khng vt g hu hnh hay v hnh trong v tr m khng c m dng: ging c ging ci, rng , c, thnh suy, thng ging, thu tn, thin c, tt xu, qun t, tiu nhn . . u l m dng c. m dng khng phi ch l hai ci kh, hay hai nguyn (khng r) khng phi l nhng nng lc, nhng kha cnh, nhng tnh . . .m l tt c nhng ci ; cho nn khng th dch t ng m dng c, v ngi u nh phi phin m l Yin v Yang. Kinh Dch tng trng m dng bng hai vch lin (dng)____ v t (m)__ __ Lin th gi l thc (c), t gi l h (rng). T khi c quan nim Thi cc, ngi Trung Hoa tng trng m dng bng hnh en v hnh trng v mi u, m c ngha l pha khng c nh mt tri, trong bng ti, dng c ngha l pha c nh mt tri, sng sa. Chng ta nhn thy vng trn Thi cc gm hai hnh m dng , v hai hnh ny tuy cch bit hn nhau, i lp nhau, m li m ly nhau, xon ly nhau. Li thm ch hnh en phng ra c mt im trng, ch hnh trng phng ra c mt im en; ch hnh en phng ra l ch hnh trng tht li, ngc li ch hnh trng phng ra l ch hnh en tht li. Nh vy din ci m thnh ln th dng suy ln, ngc li dng thnh ln th m cng suy ln; v khi m cc thnh c mt mm dng (im trng) xut hin ri, khi dng cc thnh c mt mm en (im en) xut hin ri. Vy chng nhng m dng xon ly nhau m trong m cn c dng, trong dng cn c m na. Cui chng V H T Truyn thng, c mt cu ti ngha: m dng bt trc chi v thn (m dng khng lng c nh vy gi l thn). Ti ngha v th no l m dng khng lng c?
a s hc gi cho rng m dng bin ha, trong m m vn c dng, trong dng m vn c m, m dng khng nht nh v phng hng no (Phan Bi Chu), cng nh trong phc c ha, trong ha c phc, khng sao an trc c. Cch ging d chp nhn hn c. L trong m c dng, trong dng c m , chng ta thy trong qu Phc v qu Cu . im trng trong na m trn Thi Cc tc l vch lin trong qu Phc; im en trong na dng trn Thi Cc tc l vch t trong qu Cu. Dch cho qu Thun Khn l thng mi, lnh lo, thun m: gm su ho m. m ti thng l thnh cc; dng bt u sinh, mi ngy ln ln ln ln, ht ba mi ngy, ht thng 10, th thnh qu phc thng 11 (coi trang sau): c mt ho dng thay ho 1 m trong qu Khn. Ho dng lc (u thng 11) mi xut hin, nhng phi thai trong thng 10, c bao gi khng c dng u. Ci thai ca dng l ci im trng trn na en trong hnh Thi cc. C nh vy dng tng ln, mi thng li bt i mt ho m, tng thm mt ho dng khi 6 ho dng khng cn ho m no th thnh qu Cn (Thng T). Lc ny dng cc thnh, m m li bt u sinh, cng mi ngy mt cht, ht 30 ngy, ht thng 4, th thnh qu Cu (thng 5): c mt ho m thay 1 ho dng trong qu Cn. Ho m lc mi xut hin nhng trong thng 4 c ngy no khng c m u, n cha xut hin nn ta khng thy y thi. Ci thai ca m l ci im en trn na trng trong hnh thi Cc. Ri c tip tc nh vy, m tng hai, mi thng thm mt ho m, bt i mt ho dng, khi c 6 ho m (khng cn ho dng no na) th thnh qu Khn, tr v thng 10, ht vng mt nm . Thnh ri hy - Qu 12 thng Lut trong dng c m, trong m c dng c ngha l hin tng no cng cha sn mm t hy ca n. Trong s thnh c mm ca s suy, trong s tr c mm ca s lon, trong s sng c mm ca s cht. Cho nn c ngi bo mt a tr sinh ra l bt u tin ti s cht, m cht l bt u sng li mt cuc sng khc, l ti sinh di hnh thc ny hay hnh thc khc. Khng th c dng m khng c m, c sng m khng c cht, c thnh m khng c suy, c tr m khng c lon. Phi c c hai th mi thnh mt hin tng c, mi thnh v tr c, cng nh bt k vt no cng c mt phi v mt tri, x hi no cng c thin v c. Mi s bin trong v tr ch l mt tin trnh thnh ri hy, hy ri thnh. Dch cho ta thy r s tin trnh trong nhng qu 12 thng : Thng t : Qu Cn Thng Nm : qu Cu Thng su : Qu n Thng by : Qu B Thng Tm : Qu Qun Thng Chn : Qu Bc Thng mi : Qu Khn Thng mi mt: Qu Phc Thng mi hai : Qu Lm
Thng ging : Qu Thi : Thng hai : Qu i Trng Thng ba : Qu Qui Cn l lc thnh ri, c 6 ho dng. Ri bt u hy, qu Cu: mt ho m y mt ho dng i, cn nm ho dng, nh vy l hy mt mt phn su. Qua qu n, hy thm mt phn su na, cn bn ho dng, c tip tc nh vy mi thng hy thm mt phn su na, ti thng mi th su ho dng b hy ht m thnh su ho m, qu Khn. Nhng thng mi mt, qu Phc, li bt u dng li: Mt ho dng y mt ho m i, thng chp thm mt ho dng na l hai, c mi thng thm mt ho dng v ti thng t th hon thnh: 6 ho dng, qu Cn. C l theo ngi xa thng t l c tit lp h l thng nng nht trong nm nn c 6 ho u l dng, thng 10 c tit lp ng l thng lnh nht, 6 ho u l m. Nh vy s thnh ca dng l s hy ca m v ngc li, s thnh ca m l s hy ca dng. M DNG TNG GIAO, TNG THNH m dng tuy tng phn, tri ngc nhau y, nhng khng tng khc nh nc vi la, m tng giao, tng thi, tng th - gp nhau, x y nhau, thay th nhau - nh nh sng v bng ti, nh nng v lnh. H T H, Chng 5 bo ((T nh) mt tri qua th mt trng li, mt trng qua th mt tri li, mt tri mt trng cm ng nhau m nh sng pht ra: ma lnh qua th ma nng li, ma nng qua th ma lnh li, lnh nng (cm ng nhau) x y nhau m thnh ra nm thng. Ci qua co rt li, ci sp ti dui di ra, co rt (khut), dui di (thn), hai ci cm ng nhau m ch li mi ny ra." (Nht vng tc nguyt lai, nguyt vng tc nht li, nht nguyt tng thi nhi minh sinh yn: hn vng tc th lai, th vng tc hn lai, hn th tng thi nhi th thnh yn; vng gi kht d, lai gi thn d, khut thn tng cm nhi li sinh yn). Vy chng ta nn ni l m dng tng giao, tng thi (hn l tng phn); v thay phin nhau, theo mt nhip iu no , di ngn ty hin tng, ty thi, nhng c ci ny ln th ci kia xung, ci ny xung th ci kia ln, mi ci lm ch trong mt thi ri li nhng ch cho ci kia. Khng nhng vy, m dng cn tng thnh na. Chng tng thnh v chng b tc nhau: ngy sng vn vt sinh hat, m ti vn vt ngh ngi, h nng vn vt pht trin, ng lnh vn vt gom li sc. Tng thnh cn v mt l na: nu ci n dit ci kia th khng ci no cn c. Khng cn m th cng khng cn dng, khng cn dng th lm sao c m, m v tr, vn vt cng khng c. Quan nim tng phn m tng thnh l quan nim ph bin ca Trung Hoa thi xa, nh Trng K Qun ni: Cc bc thnh trit Trung Quc thi xa cho rng bt k s vt g cng l mt th m hai mt; ch l bin ha tng i ch khng phn lp tuyt i; tng phm m tng thnh ch khng mu thun u tranh" (Trung Quc c i thnh trit d vi nhim h s vt qun thuc nht th chi lng din, th tng i ch bin ha, phi tuyt i ch phn lp, tng phn tng thnh, bt th mu thun u
tranh ch liu). Tng phn m tng thnh ngha cng nh cu "ng qui nhi th " trong H t h Chng 5: tuy ng li khc nhau nhng u a ti mt ni, mt mc ch c. Nng ma tri nhau, nhng u gip cho cy c ti tt, nng lnh tri nhau nhng phi c c h mi bn ma. Tng K Qun cho rng thuyt tng phn m tng thnh ca Dch mi xt ta nh bin chng php ca Hegel nhng thc ra nghch hn nhau v mt bn phn m tng thnh, mt bn phn chng i nhau (phn gi d tng (bi)) Ti cho ni nh vy c phn ng hn: mt bn phn tng thnh, mt bn phn tng dit, t dit, v theo Hegel : thse (chnh) antithse (phn) phn nhau sau cng ha thnh Synthse (hp) - nh vy chnh (these) khng cn, phn cng khng cn; cn theo Dch th m dng tuy phn nhau m giao vi nhau, x y nhau, thay th nhau rt cuc cng vn tr li trng thi c, ch thay phin nhau tc ng trong mt thi gian v tr c iu ha, vn vt sinh trng thi. Trit ng v Trit Ty khc nhau t cn bn, em so snh vi nhau th th no cng min cng. M DNG TNG CU, TNG NG m dng cn mt tnh cch na l tng cu, tng ng. c tng cu, tng ng th mi gp nhau, giao nhau m sinh ra vn vt (Nh kh giao cm ha sinh vn vt - Chu Lim Kh) Trong v tr khng lai no khng theo lut . Kinh Dch din lut bng s tng quan gia cc cp ho 1-4, 2-5. 3-6 m chng ti trnh by trong chng IV - trang 83. Khi m dng tng ng th dng xng m m ha, hp tc vi nhau nh qu Cn v qu Khn. Cn cng kin, Khn nhu thun. Cn to ra vn vt v hnh, thuc v phn kh, nhng phi nh Khn vn vt mi hu hnh, mi sinh trng, cho nn cng ca Khn cng ln nh cng ca Cn, ch khc Khn c c thun, ty theo Cn, b tc cho Cn m tip tc cng vic ca Cn, cn khi xng th phi l Cn. l quan nim chung ca cc dn tc thi i nng nghip, theo ch phu quyn. * Tm li m dng tuy tnh cht tng phn nhng cng tng ng, tng cu (tm nhau), tng giao (gp nhau) c tng giao mi tng thi (x y nhau), tng ma (c xt nhau), tng th (thay th, b tc nhau) tng thnh (gip nhau t hon thnh: c ci ny th mi c ci kia, c ci ny th ci kia mi lm trn c nhim v ca n trong v tr). Quan trng nht l s tng giao: ging c ging ci, c tri t na (v tri t cng ch l m dng) c giao cm vi nhau ri mi c vn vt, vn vt mi sinh n bin ha c. Cn Khn (tc m dng) l ci ca ca Dch (h t h Ch. 6 ) Dch l o m
dng, m lut m dng l tng giao, cho nn ngha th nht ca Dch l giao dch nh cui chng 1 chng ti ni. DCH L BIN DCH m dng u ng. Mun giao nhau th c dng ln m u phi ng. H T Thng truyn m u bng cu: (V thy) tri cao t thp (m thnh nhn) vch ra qu Cn v qu Khn; () ng v tnh c lut nht nh do m phn bit cng v nhu (Thin tn a ti, Cn Khn nh h; ( . . . ) ng tnh hu thng, cng nhu an h). Cu cho tri l Cn, ng, cng; t l khn, tnh, nhu; tri i biu dng tnh, t i biu m tnh. Nh vy ch c Cn (tc dng) mi ng, cn Khn (tc m) th tnh, ng tnh cch bit hn nhau, lp nhau chng ? Khng phi vy, trong dng c m, trong m c dng th trong ng cng c tnh, ch khc bn tnh ca dng hiu ng hn tnh, bn tnh ca m hiu tnh hn ng. Xt cu ny trong Chng 6 H T Thng Truyn th r. o Cn lc tnh th chuyn nht, lc ng th tin thng, cho nn sc sinh ra ca n ln. o khn lc tnh th thu li, lc ng th m ra, cho nn sc sinh ra ca n rng (Ph Cn, K tnh chuyn, k ng trc , th d i sinh yn. Ph Khn, K tnh d hp, k ng d tch th d qung sinh yn. Li thm Vn Ngn Truyn cng bo: o Khn rt nhu (mm) m khi ng th cng cng (cng mnh) Hin nhin Dch cho m dng u c th ng, c th tnh. Quan nim ng trong Dch hp vi o c Kinh, v Lo t cng ni: Phn gi, o chi ng : S ng (vn hnh) ca o l quay tr v (ch. 40) Chng 5: Thin a chi gian, k do thc thc ? H nhi bt khut, ng nhi d xut: Khang gia tri t nh ng b chng? H khng m khng kit, cng chuyn ng, hi li cng ra. Hnh nh ng b vi hnh nh ci hang, gi l m nhim mu, gi ca tri t chng 6 o c Kinh (huyn tn chi mn, th v thin a cn) khin ta lin tng n hnh nh K ng d trc, K ng d tch trong Chng 6 H T Thng dn trn. Cho tri l cha, t l m ca vn vt, Cn Khn nh nam v n, l t tng ph bin ca Trung Hoa, c th c trong dn gian t i n hay i Thng. . . Ri bin ha. m dng c ng th mi giao nhau, mi bin m sinh sinh ha ha. Vy Dch cng nh Trung dung (Chng 26) cho rng ngth bin, bin th a. H T Thng Truyn Chng 12 bo: Cn Khng l ci su kn hoc cha ng ci nguyn nhn ca o dch chng? Cn Khng thnh hng ri m o Dch lp nn trong. Cn Khng b ph th cn g thy o Dch na? Dch khng thy c th c h Cn Khn khng thi hnh c (Cn Khn k Dch chi un d Cn Khn thnh t nhi Dch lp h k trung h. Cn Khn hy tc v d kin Dch. Dch bt kh kin, tcCn Khn hoc c h tc h) . Ch dch 9dy l bin dch, tc o bin ha trongv tr. Mi s bin ha u t Cn Khn m ra; khng cn Cn Khn tc m dng th khng cn s bin ha.
M nu khng c s bin ha, ngha l nu m dng khng tc ng ln nhau, khng gp nhau, th c dng khng th sinh, c m khng th thnh; trong trng hp m dng s b tiu dit. M s d c bin ha l do m dng c xt nhau, () sinh ra sm st, gi ma, mt tri mt trng xuay vn, c lnh ri ti nng (H t thng Ch.I) T s bin ha sinh ra vn vt (sinh sinh chi v dch). Trt t trong s bin ha. S bin ha trong v tr theo mt trt t nht nh: - Theo lut tn ti: Thin tn a ti Tri cao t thp, tri tn m t tin. - Thun l t nhin: Tri t ng m thun theo l t nhin, cho nn mt tri mt trng, phn m phn ngy chng bao gi sai lm, m kh hu bn ma chng bao gi sai suyn (Thin a d thun ng, c nht nguyt bt qu nhi t thi bt thc Than truyn Qu D). - C chng mc: Tri t c chng mc nn mi thnh bn ma (Thin a tit nhi t thi thnh Than truyn Qu Tit). Kh vn ca tri t, ma nng ma ma, ma nng ma lnh u c chng mc, xun khng xun hai, thu khng thu mi, h khng ko di qu, ng khng ngn qu, c vy mi thnh bn ma c. - Hng cu (lu di hai) m khng thi, ngha l theo mt lut no th theo hai ch khng lc th ny lc th khc. o ca tri t hng cu m khng thi (Thin a chi o hng cu nhi bt d d Than truyn Qu Hng). - Bin theo trnh t mi u th t t, tng bc (tim bin) ri cui cng bin mnh (t bin), lc gi l ha. Ho 1 qu Khn ni: p ln sng th bit bng dy sp n (L sng, kin bng ch) Bt u ma lnh, kh lnh mi kt li thnh song, ri ln ln lnh hn, sng dy hn, nh vy trong mt hai thng (tim bin) sau cng khi lnh ti mt no th ch trong mt m, nc ng li, t bin m ha thnh bng. Xt qu ca 12 thng trn, chng ta thy t qu Cn n qu Bc c s tim tin ca kh m (mi thng thm mt ho m), ri t qu Bc qua qu Khn c s t bin thnh mt qu Thun m, tri ngc vi qu thun dng l Cn lc u. T qu Khn n qu Qui cng vy, nhng ngc li: kh dng tim tin (mi thng thm mt ho dng), sau cng qu Qui t bin thnh qu Cn thun dng, tri ngc vi qu Khn lc u. Vn Ngn truyn a mt th d thuc v nhn s. Nh no tch ly iu lnh th c tha phc ( n i sau). Nh no tch ly iu chng lnh th tt c tha tai v ( n i sau). Nh vic b ti git vua, con git cha, nguyn do khng torng mt bui sm bui chiu, tt dn d c t lu ri, m ngi ta khng bit lo toan t sm vy. (Tch thin chi gia tt hu d khng, tch bt thin chi gia tt hu d ng. Thn th k qun, t th k ph, phi nht triu nht tch chi c, k s do lai gi tim h. Do bin chi bt to bin d) Dn d c t lu (K s do li gi tim h) l tim bin; m s b ti git vua, con git cha (Thn th k qun , t th k ph ) l t bin, l ha.
Trong Kinh Dch c nhiu qu ni v s tim bin, nh qu Ph hp khuyn nh cm quyn phirn e dn t khi dn mi mc phi ti nh (ho 1), nu khng dn s quen lm by, c c tch ly m mc ti ln (ho 6). R rng nht l qu Tim (tin ln ln), t ho 1 n ho 6, con chim hng tin ln ln t mt nc ln n b, ln phin , t bng, cnh cy, g cao ri sau cng vt mt ci bay bng ln tri. V s t bin th c qu Cch, Ho t khuyn phi hnh ng ra sao khi mun cuc ci cch ln ,mt cuc cch mng chng hn. Tm li Dch c ngha th hao l bin dch. C bin th mi ha m thng c (qua li khng cng th gi l thng: vng lai bt cng v chi thng H T Thng 11), nu khng th ti mt lc no phi ngng tr phi ht, khng thng c, v tr khng trng tn c. Nhng bin phi theo mt trt t no , phi c qui lut, m ni n qui lut l ni n ci g bt bin ri. Do Dch cn c ngha th ba l bt bin bt dch na, m ti s xt trong an di. DCH L BT DCH Lut mn chiu tn, Khim th ch. S bin ha trong v tr din tin theo mt qui lut bt di bt dch. Qui lut, Trung Hoa gi l thng. Trit gia u tin dng ch thng theo ngha c l l Lo t. u o c Kinh ng bo: o Kh o phi thng o Ci o m c th din t c th khng phi l o vnh cu bt bin. ng li ni: Bit r qui lut thng l sng sut; khng bit qui lut thng m lm ba lm by th gp iu khng lnh (Tri thng vit minh; bt tri thng, vng tc, hung Ch.16). H T Thng truyn (Ch.1) Cng ni n qui lut thng: ng tnh h thng v quan nim rng: Thin h rt ng nhng v c qui lut thng nn ng y m khng th ri lan c . . .(thin h chi ch ng nhi bt kh lan d H T thng Ch.8), v chnh l theo qui lut thng m v tr vn vt chuyn ng bin ha: (Thin h chi ng trinh ph nht gi d Ht h Ch.1) Qui lut thng l g? L m dng thay ln nhau, c mt ci tin th mt ci li, mt ci li th mt ci tin. Bin ha ch l s tin lui ca m dng thi. Bin ha gi, tin thai chi tng d, cng nhu gi, tr d chi tng d: Bin ha l hnh tng ca s tin thai; cng (tc dng) nh (tc m) l hnh tng ca ngy m, ngha l ca s thay phin nhau (H t thng Ch.2) H t h Ch.1 cng din : Ct v hung lun lun thng ln nhau theo mt lut nht nh (Ct hung gi, trinh thng gi d). Vic i khng ct thi hung, ht ct li hung, ht hung li ct. Ct hung nn hiu l dng v m, l tri v t, l mt tri mt trng, l ngy m v.v. . .; cho nn tip theo cu trn l cu:Thin a chi o trinh quan gi d, nht nguyt chi o trinh minh gi d (o tri t ch bo cho ta lut , o mt tri mt trng sng t theo lut . Coi li qu ca 12 thng trn ta thy t qu Cu ho m ln ln thay th ho dng, m tin ti u dng lui ti , cui cng c 6 ho dng nhng cho 6
ho m thnh qu Khn; ri li ti phin ho dng ln ln thay th ho m, dng tin ti u, m lui ti , cui cng c 6 ho m nhng ch cho 6 ho dng m thnh qu Cn. Nh vy mi bin ha v cng c; nu khng th s ch c c dng hay c m m khng c nm thng, khng c bn ma, khng c v tr. Dng thnh cc th suy ln, cho m thnh ln; khi m thnh cc th cng suy ln cho dng thnh ln. Khp v tr, khng u v khng thi no khng c lut . T s vn hnh ca mt tri mt trng, s qua li ca bn ma, s ln xung ca thy triu, s thnh suy ca mt dn tc, mt quc gia, mt h, sc lc, tr tu ca c nhn v.v. . .khng ci g khng theo lut thnh suy: Mn chiu tn, khim th ch (y th s vi, thiu th s c thm). Ho 3 qu Tn bo: Ba ngi cng i th bt i mt ngi, mt ngi i (mt mnh) th c thm bn (Tam nhn hnh tc tn nht nhn, nht nhn hnh tc c k hu) l ngha . Cho nn qu ch (Tng ln) vn l tt m ho cui li xu: trn th cui cng phi ; m qu tn (gim i) vn xu m cui cng li tt: vi th c thm. Xu nh qu C ( nt) m Than T khen l tt ch v nt th phi lm li, canh tn; m canh tn l iu rt tt. Khng c g suy cc m khng thnh ln, ti lc cng m khng bt u tr li. Qu Khn (Khn n) l thi kh khn n cc im, nm ho di u xu, m ho trn cng, ho T cho l s tt nu bit thn trng, n nn. Vy th trong ha vn np phc, nh qu Khu (Chia la) ho 6; m trong phc vn np ha nh qu Phong (Thnh ln), ho 6; hoc nh qu D (vui) vn tt m ch c hai ho ( 2 v) l tt, cn 4 ho kia u xu nhiu hay t c. Cu Ha h phc chi s , phc h ha chi s phc (Ha l ch da ca phc, phc l ch np ca ha), v cu sinh u han, nhi t an lc ca Mnh t u din ci lut thnh suy c. Tc gi T qui truyn c mun ta ch ti lut nn sau mi qu thng t mt qu ngha ngc li, nh sau qu Thi ti qu B, sau qu Bc ti qu Phc, sau qu Tn ti qu ch, sau qu K T vi qu V T v. .v . . Lut phn phc, tun han. m dng thay th nhau c do mt lut bt bin, mt lut thng l tnh cc tc suy, vt cng tc bin, m bin l phn phc. Qu Cn (Dng) khi suy ti cng, 6 ho dng b ho m chm ngn ht th thnh qu Khn; nhng tip theo qu Khn l qu Phc, mt ho dng li sinh. Khn l m tnh cc, t li suy ln, khi suy ti cng, 6 ho m b 6 ho dng chim ngi ht th li tr thnh qu Cn, ri tip theo qu Cn l qu Cu, mt ho m li sinh. Lut phn phc, tun han cng l mt lut thng, bt dch ca Dch. Lut phn, phc l lut din bin trong v tr m dn tc Trung Hoa nhn thy t khi cha c Kinh Dch. Xem s vn hnh ca mt tri mt trng, ca bn ma v.v. . . h thy s vt din bin theo mt phong hng no , khi ti mc cng tt khng th tin trin c na th chuyn bin m quay tr li theo chiu nghch vi phng hng c, c nh th mi, khng bao gi thi. T cc thnh qua suy vi ti dit vong nh t qu Cn ti qu Cu, qu n, qu B . . ti qu Khn gi l phn. T qe dit vong li pht sinh tin trin n ch cc thnh
nh t qu Khn ti qu Phc, qu Lm, qu Thi . . ti qu Cn gi l phc. S phn phc l phn phc ca kh dng .S phn phc ca kh m ngc li: thi phn ca dng l thi phc ca m, thi phc ca dng l thi phn ca m. C mt ln phn, mt ln phc, phc ri li phn, nh vy thnh lut tun han. Ti s d an rng quan nim phn phc xut hin trc khi c Kinh Dch, v Kinh Dch l sch u tin ni ti lut . Ho T qu Thi ni: Khng c g bng mi m khng nghing, i mi m khng tr li (V hnh bt pha v vng bt phc Ho 3). Thon T qu Phc ni r hn: o (Vn) tri tro i tr li, c by ngy th tr li (Phn phc k o, tht nht lai phc). Ch ngy (nht) y thay cho ch ho mi ngy l mt ho, mt ln bin; c by ngy th tr li, v t qu Cu mt ho m sinh di cng, ti qu n, qu B, qu Qun, qu Bc, qu Khn, qu Phc, nh vy l by qu (tnh c qu Cu theo li Trung Hoa). C l do cu m y hc Trung Hoa cho rng kh huyt ngi ta by ngy th thay i. V kh tit trong mt nm th l by thng, t thng nm (qu Cn) ti thng mi mt (Qu Phc). Sau, dch Kinh (Than t ca Vn Vng, Ho T ca chu Cng) sch ni nhiu nht n phn phc l o c Kinh ca Lo t: Vt cc tc phn Ch. 36; Phn gi o chi ng Ch.40 nht l: Ph vt vn vn, cc qui k cn: Vn vt phn thnh u tr v cn nguyn ca chng Ch. 16; v i vit th, th vit vin, vin vit phn: o ln l i, i l i xa, i xa l quay tr li. Ch.25. Sau o c kinh l Dch truyn: - Qe Thi: V vng bt phc: Khng c g i m khng tr li. - Qu C: Chung tc hu thy, thin hnh d : Ht ri th bt u li, l s vn hnh ca tri. - Qu Phong: Nht trung tc trc, nguyt doanh tc thc Mt tri ti nh u ri th x, mt trng y ri th khuyt. Nh lut phn phc m s vt trong v tr khng b tc, b cng, mi thng c, mi sinh sinh ha ha hai c; v vy xt qu (hay o) Phc (tr li) m bit c lng hiu sinh ca tr it (Phc k kin thin a chi tm Qu Phc Than truyn.) Tc gi T Qui truyn cng c lm ni bt ci lut vt cc tc phn khi vit: Qu l th an thch (hay thng thun) m sau c yn n, cho nn sau qu L tip ti qu Thi; Thi l thng, vt khng th thng thun hoi, cho nn tip theo l qu B, vt khng th b hai, cho nn tip theo l qu ng nhn . . v din ci v tr bin dch v cng, khng lc no ht, khng lc no cng, cho nn sau qu K T (vic xong ri) tip ti qu V T (cha xong), nh vy ng vi cu chung tc hu thy trong Thang truyn qu C. Tm li lut m dng (v tr) lc no cng ng, m ng sinh ra bin, bin ti cng th quay tr li (phn phc) cho c thng, c thng th mi vnh cu, tn ti hai c. Lut Dch cng tc bin, bn tc thng, thng tc c (H t h 2), Lut tun han l mt lut thng, bt dch khin cho Dch c ngha
th 3 l bt dch, sau hai ngha giao dch, bin dch. Phn phc l phn tin b? Cc trit gia Trung Hoa tin lut tun han, cho rng v tr , x hi vn hnh trn mt vng trn. Vn Vng, Chu Cng, Khng t, Dch hc phi gi lut l phn phc, quay v lcu, m lcu theo cc nh l dng v m; cn Lo t th gi l qui cn tr v gc, gc tc l v (t v sinh h). V vy m c ngi bo ngi Trung Hoa khng c thc v s pht trin, khng nh ngi phng Ty cho rng v tr, x hi pht trin theo vng trn c, mi ngy vng mi m rng ra, c tin b. Khng c thc v s pht trin nn ngi Trung Hoa c tinh thn th cu, hiu c. Nho, Mc mun tr v thi Nghiu Thun, Lo cn mun tr v thi x hi nguyn thy. Trang mun tr li trc thi nguyn thy thi cha c t chc x hi na. Ngay cc php gia nh Hn Phi tuy khng mun tr li thi trc, (h cho mi thi mt khc, thi no c chnh tr ca th iy) m cng nhn Nghiu Thun l nhng thnh Vng thi c. Hang kim thi i ca dn tc Trung Hoa sau lng h, thi Nghiu Thun, ch khng trc mt h. l l do khin h khng tin c. Li ch c l mt phn. Nhng tm l con ngi ni no, thi no m chng tic d vng, cho hin ti km xa d vng. Hang Kim thi i ca phng Ty, thi cha Ki T chng hn cn li xa hn Hang kim thi i ca Khng Lo, li v tn thi ng Adam v b Eva mi sinh kia. V ngay by gi y, mi ngi phng Ty c ti mt trm tn n l (tc my mc) phc v, c Thin L Nhn, Thin L Nh, bay c c ln cung trng, hn trong truyn Phong Thn na, m c bit bao ngi u, M, t trit gia, khoa hc ti thanh nin c ao tr li cuc i gin d, sng gn thin nhin nh thi k nng nghip. Khng t v Lo t khng phi l khng bit tin b k thut. Khng cn dng c nhng tin b na nn ng ngi xe nh n kin c hn xe Nghiu thun, i m min nh Chu, p hn m thi Nghiu thun. (Lun ng XV.10) Lo cc oan hn, mun b ht nhng tin b k thut i: c kh c gp chc gp trm sc ngi m khng dng, c thuyn xe m khng ngi, b c vn t, dng li li tht dy thi thng c (o c kinh, Chng 80). Hai nh ch bun rng thi h nhn tm h hng, o l suy vi, x hi lan lc m con ngi kh s hn thi trc. C th h hi qu bi quan, nhng ngay thi i chng ta cng cho rng k thut khng chc to thm hnh phc cho con ngi. Nm 1972 hai nh bc hc Anh, Edward Goldsmith v Rober Allen, sau Erza Mishan, ngh chng nhng ngng s pht trin k thut m cn nn tht li li mt th k na, v ngh ca h c 33 bc hc Anh ni tng v khoa sinh vt hc, kinh t hc,sinh thi hc . . vui v u. H cho ch c cch l cu vn c nhn lai, gim nhng s tranh ginh, tn st nhau, gim s bt qun, bt cng m tng hnh phc trn th gii. Ngi ta gi h l bn Zrist, mt t mi c to ra tr nhng ngi mun chn ng s pht trin k thut. C g mi m u? Lo t l ng t ca h t non 2.500 nm trc ri. Vy bo rng ngi Trung Hoa khng c thc v s pht trin, c l khng ng lm; h ch ch trng o l nht thi, h cho rng ch c s ci thin con ngi, tng hnh phc cho con ngi mi ng gi l tin b, m quan nim l quan nim chung ca cc trit gia ng, Ty thi c, khng chc l hu qu ca thuyt phn phc, tun han.
NH MNH Chng ti s khng xt thuyt Tng s trong Dch truyn (H t truyn ) v khng hiu thuyt , khng thy n c ch li cho nhn sinh. kt thc chng ny, chng ti xin xt qua v quan nim nh mnh trong Dch. Trc Vn Vng, Chu Cng, ngi no t ra php bi Dch tt tin rng c mt s an bi, mt nh mnh ngha l s vic bin chuyn ra sao, xu hay tt nh ri. Bc Thnh nh thn minh bit trc vic s ti, li sng sut cha nhng kinh nghim v (H t thng Ch. 11). H T h, Chng 6, li ni: dch lm r ci qua m xt ci sp ti, km sng t ci kn o, m ci b mt (dch chng vng nhi st li, nhi vi hin trin u). Cho nn ngi qun t sp lm hay tin hnh vic g th dng li (Khn ) m hi Dch. Dch nhn c li hi v tr li nhanh nh ting vang. Khng k xa gn, su ti, Dch cng bit oc ci g s xy ra. Nu Dch khng phi l ci g rt tinh vi trong thin h th u lm c nh vy? (qun t tng hu vi d, tng hu hnh d, vn yn nhi di ngn. K th mnh d nh hng. V hu vin cn, u thm, tai tri lai vt. Phi thin h chi ch tinh, Ki thc nng d th? H T thng Ch.5). Dch khng ngh ngi g c, khng lm g c, yn lng khng ng, n ch cm m thu c cc bin c trong thin h. Nu n khng phi l ci thn diu tt bc trong thin h th u lm c nh vy? (Dch v t d, v vi d, tch nhin bt ng, cm nhi tai thng thin h chi c. Phi thin h chi ch thn, k thc nng d th - Nh trn) . Ch Dch trong an nn hiu l nhng ngi tm ra c php bi Dch. Php bi c tht l thn khng, chng ti khng dm bn ti. C nhng ngi rt thng minh tin n nh nh bc hc ni danh khp th gii Jung, m c nhiu ngi cng rt thng minh khng tin n. Vn Vng, Chu Cng v cc tc giDch truyn tin n v rn em nhng nhng lut m dng ai cng nhn thy trong v tr ging cho n bt tnh cch huyn b i; ri sa li thuyt nh mnh trong Dch, coi n l mt lut t nhin, n ch co ta bit ci hng theo s vic s xy ra; (H T thng Ch.3- an 5) v nu ta nhiu khi khng th sa ci hng c th cng c th trnh n hoc tm mt thi thch hp thm tt ln hoc xu i, xu ct t hung Chng hn: - Qu Thi ho 3, vo thi thnh cc ri, sp suy, Ho t ca Chu Cng khuyn: Khng c g bng mi m khng nghing, i mi m khng tr li, trong cnh gian nan m gi c chnh ngha th khng li. ng lo phin, c tin iu chnh (iu phi) th c hng phc - Qu Thng ho 6 khuyn: Ho ny hn m, cui thi Thng l ln n cng cc ri m cn mun ln na, nu i lng ham thnh lng t cng, sa c cho hp o khng bao gi ngh th c li, li tt. - Qe Ty ho 4: Thu hach c ln y, nhng d l vn ngay m cng c th hung c. C gi lng ch thnh, theo o l, ly c sng sut m ng ph th khng c li. - Qu Cch ho 6: Cng vic ci cch n y xong, nn ngng li, tin na
th xu, c gi vng chnh o th tt Vy tt hay xu, ha hay phc tuy do ci thi n s ti nh vy, nhng phn ln cng do cch mnh ng ph na. Ngi sng sut p dng Dch th phi nhn ci t nhin n sp thay i m ti ch n, nh vy l bit bin (Ha nhi ti chi v chi bin H T Thng Ch.12) Ct hung ty mnh hn thi cuc, han cnh, lng m thin th ct, c th hung, l ngha cu : Ct dung d tnh thin trong H t h - Ch.12. C tinh thn th khi mun hnh ng, xem s bin ha m ngm ngh li an ca qu (tm cch i ph vi han cnh) m gp tt khng c g chng li, c tri gip cho (ng tc quan k bin nhi ngan k chim, th d t thin hu chi, ct v bt li H T thng Ch.2) Hiu ci l m dng tng thi thnh suy thay nhau ln xung, th khi yn n khng qun rng s c th nguy, khi vng khng qun rng s c th mt, khi tr khng qun rng s c th lan. Nh vy m thn yn, nc vng (an nhi bt vong nguy, tn nhi bt vong vong, tr nhi bt vong lan; th d thn an nhi quc kh bo d H t h - Ch.5). Tm li Dch cho rng c s mng nhng con ngi vn sa i s mng c phn no. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) Chng 6 VIC NGI Cc hc gi phng Ty u nhn thy trit hc Trung Quc c c im ny: cho v tr vn vt cng mt th. T tng l t tng cn bn ca dn tc Trung Hoa m trit gia no: Nho, Lo, hay Mc cng chp nhn (1). i biu v tr l tri, t; i biu vn vt l ngi. Tri, t, ngi cng mt th, cho nn ngi c sp ngang hng vi tri t, thnh mt b tam ti (ba ngi). Tri (t) vi ngi quan h mt thit vi nhau (thin nhn tng d); php tc ca tri t lm m phm cho hnh vi ca ngi, thin o tc l nhn o; hn na, tri vi ngi cn tng cm tng ngvi nhau, cho nn ngi Trung Hoa thi xa rt coi trng php bi, m quan Chc coi v thin s (cu nguyn tri ban phc lnh cho dn, xem tng tri, lm lch ng dng vo nhn s, coi vic bc ph on vic ct hung) lun lun lm c vn cho cc vua cha, chc ngang vi quan S coi v nhn s. Thuyt Thin nhn tng d chc c t i thng hay trc na, v ti on rng n vi thuyt m dng phi c lin quan vi nhau. C v tr ch l m dng, tri l dng, t l m, trai l dng, gi l m, nh vy l nht th ri; m loi ngi b lut m dng chi phi, tc lut t nhin ca tri t chi phi, th thin o tc l nhn o. H T h, Ch. 10 bo trong Dch gm c o tri, o ngi, o t, th l tam ti; ri nhn hai ln thnh su ho (dch . . hu thin o yn, hu nhn o
yn, hu a o yn; kin tam ti nhi lng chi, c vit lc). mun ni mi qu gm su ho th ho 1,2 l t; 3,4 l ngi; 5,6 l tri. Thuyt qui truyn Ch.2 ni r thm, cho Dch lp o tri l m dng o t l cng mm, o ngi l nhn ngha (lp thin chi o vit nhm d dng, lp a chi o vit cng d nhu, lp nhn chi o vit nhn d ngha) . . Nhng li ng hay sai, chng ta cha cn bn, ch bit rng Dch cng ch trng thin o vi nhn o l mt, do lut m dng chi phi. HNH NH MT X HI TRUNG CHNH TRONG 64 QU Phng Hu Lan bo Dch l hnh nh thu nh ca ton th v tr Trong v tr c x hi Trung Hoa thi Chin Quc, c cc nc thi sau na v x hi Trung Hoa thay i rt t cho ti u th k chng ta; v nu ta ng cu n tng ch, th c th l c x hi lai ngi thi nay n. Chng trn chng ta c bit vi nt chnh v hnh nh tri t; Chng ny chng ta s bit thm v hnh nh x hi. Vic hng ngy: - Vic u tin l vic n ung. c qu Di, qu Tnh, qu nh. Nui thn th, qu Di khuyn phi tit m thc (v bnh tng khu nhp) ng v ming n m mang nhc. Nhng nui thn th khng quan trng bng nui tinh thn: ba ho cui qu Di c ngha l nui tinh thn, u c cho l ct. Bc hin nhn nui tinh thn dn chng c cng ln nht, ngang vi cng tri t nui vn vt. Cho nn xem cch mt ngi t nui mnh v nui ngi m bit c tt hay xu (Quan Di, t cu khu thc Thon t qu Di) . - V vic nui tinh thn, c rt nhiu qu v chng ti s xt trong mc Tu thn, y ch xin k t qu. Qu Ly dy ta cch i: Dch cho rng mi ra i, con ngi c tnh cht phc, trong trng (gn ging thuyt tnh thin ca Mnh t), nn gi vng tnh , gi ng chnh, ng t ph, phi thn trng, nh vy cho ti sut i. Phi bit trau gii ti c (qu i Sc), bit sa li (qu Phc), nhng ng ham tin mau qu, m nn tin ln ln thi, nh con chim hng trong qu Tim. Ti tt bc th thnh mt hng xut th, kh tit thanh cao, khc phm, d khng trc tip gip i , nhng t cch c th lm gng cho i, nh mnh m x hi vn minh, cng nh ci lng con hng trang im cho i sng (k v kh dng vi ngh - ho 6). V mt bc cao khit vi con hng, hnh nh tht p v nn th. - Mun nui tinh thn th phi nhm bn tm thy: qu T. Trong vic nhm bn, phi cn thn t lc u, thnh tn, v o ch khng v li, nht l phi trng s t do ca nhau: ai mun ti vi mnh th nim n n, ai chng mnh th c rt lui, khng p ai c (ho 5) - Nui tinh thn gip i nh nc ging trong qu Tnh, thc n trong qu nh; bit cch tip xc vi tiu nhn: qu Lm, gip qun t thng tiu nhn: qu Cu, qu Qui.. . . - Mt trong nhng vn Dch quan tm ti nht l vn nam n, v chng. V n l ci thin a chi i ngha. C m dng, nam n th mi c v chng, gia nh v x hi. Dch khuyn: Khi trai gi cm nhau phi cho chnh ng, bit t ch, gi l; qu Hm.
Khi con gi v nh chng th phi khim tn; qu Qui mui, ho 5; V chng n vi nhau theo lut t nhin ca Cn, Khn m phu xng ph ty: qu Hng. di ch ph h, nh vy l hp l. C gia nh ri th phi t gia, cho nn c qu Gia nhn. Tuy phu xng ph ty nhng phi phn cng, n b lo vic trong nh, n ng lo vic ngoi, v nam n u c bn phn, trch nhim ngang nhau, u phi c t cch o c lm gng cho con chu (n chnh v h ni, nam chnh v h ngai; nam n chnh, thin a chi i ngha d). Trong cc trit thuyt thi Tin Tn ch c Khng gio ch trng ti gia nh hn c, v Dch hc phi theo ch trng . - Trong vic dy tr, qu Mng khuyn phi ngn nga trc li ca tr, phi nghim, ng qu dng hnh pht m s n hn (ho 1); nhng th qu nghim cn hn l qu d di ti ni tr lung tung m nh s suy, lan (gia nhn ho 3). Cng li l lut tun hon: cng qu th tr li nhu, nhu qu th tr li cng, gi mc trung l hn c, nhng t ai hc c bi hc . Nn c thm qu Qun: ngi trn nu gng cho ngi di. Cha m c bn phn dy d, nu gng cho con; ngc li con cng c bn phn can ngn cha m cha m khi lm mt iu tri o l. Nhiu ngi hiu lm rng o hiu ca Khng gio rt kht khe, bt con ci phi nht nht tun lnh cha me, cng nh b ti nht nht phi tun lnh vua, vua c bt cht cng phi cht. t tng ca Hn nho, Tng Nho, khng phi ca Khng t. Quan nim ca Khng t rt hp tnh hp l, hiu trc ht l gi c danh d cho gia nh, lm v vang cho t tin. Lun ng, thin L Nhn bi 17, Khng t bo: Th cha m nn nh nh khuyn can; nu cha m khng nghe theo mnh th vn cung knh m khng xc phm cha m, nh vy tuy kh nhc, lo bun, nhng khng c on hn(S ph mu ki gin, kin ch bt tng, hu knh bt vi, lao nhi bt on). Con phi khuyn can cha m v nu khng, cha m s mc li tri o l m cha m mang ting xu, xu ly vi t tin, c dng h; nh vy cha m mang ti bt hiu vi ng b, t tin, m mnh cng mang ti bt hiu vi cha m. Khng t ch ni vn tt thi. Dch, qu C din r hn: - Hao 1: Sa li cho cha, nh con m cha khng c li, nhng phi thn trng th mi tt. - Ho 2: Sa li cho m, khng nn c chp m phi mm do. - Ho 3: Nu sa li cho cha m ni thng qu th ng n nn, nhng khng c li ln v gi c o l cho cha. - Ho 4: Nu do d, khng dm can cha, cha mc li th s hi tic. - Ho 5: Can cha cha sa li th c ting khen. Chng ta thy 5 ho (khng k ho 5 ni chung v cc hin nhn sa li cho thin h) th c 4 ho sa li cha, ch c 1 ho sa li m: rt hp tm l v n b vn nhu thun, d nghe li khuyn hn. Khi sa li cha, v n ng vn cng ngh nn ho t khuyn con phi rt thn trng. Thn trng nhng vn cng quyt (ho 4) nu v qu trc ngn m lm pht cha th tuy ng n hn y, nhng khng mc li ln; m khi thnh cng cn c ting khen na. Nh vy Dch cn cng quyt hn Lun ng. Knh trng cha m th phi trng
o l, ting tt ca cha m. Quan nim u c hp hi, ti cho l hp tnh, hp l. Cn nhiu qu n v cc vic hng ngy na, ti dnh li cho mt tit sau: o lm ngi. y ti ch xin gii thiu thm qu Tng ni v vic kin co v qu L ni v cnh lu lc qu ngi. - Qu Tng gm Cn trn, Khm di. T ci hnh tng tri trn nc m suy din ra thnh vic kin tng, tht l iu lm cho ta ngc nhin. c li ging ca Thon truyn (trong qu 6 phn II) chng ta thy s suy din c l. C hai cch ging: - Tch ngai qui v ni qui ra m ging, coi ngai qui Cn l ngi trn cng qu, p ch ngi di; ni qui Khm l k m him, hai k ng chm nhau tt sinh ra kin co. - Gm c ngai qui v ni qui, coi trng qui ch l mt ngi, trong lng th nham him (ni qui l Khm) , m ngoi th cng (ngai qui l Cn), tt hay gy s, sinh ra kin co. Ri ti su ho: - Ho 1: xy ra v kin th d c ch da, mnh cng khng nn th sinh s ko di v kin; nn nhng nhn c thua thit mt cht th cng thi, sau s c bin minh. - Ho 2: Nu th mnh yu, th rt lui, trnh i (trng khng chi ni vi ), nh vy mi khng b ti li. - Ho 3: Nu b trn ca mnh mun li ko mnh vo mt v kin, mt v tranh chp, mnh khng th t chi c th mnh c gia o chnh, phi gip b trn th gip ly l thi, ng khoe ti, ham lp cng. - Ho 4: B ham kin i, theo l phi, yn th tt. - Ho 5: Ngi x kin nn c c c ti ; ngi i kin hay b kin m gp c ngi x kin nh vy th khng g tt bng. - Ho 6: K no ham kin qu th d c may ra c kin, rt cuc cng bt li. cc ho rt nht tr, ho no cng ni v kin tng, khng lc ra ngoi: li sng sa m xt cc hon cnh tt xu trong cc v kin; nht l li khuyn rn tht sng sut; nn trnh s kin co. Ho 3 khng kin vi ai: tt; ho 2 v 4 mun kin m sau thi, cng tt, ho 1 b kin th nn nhng nhn mt cht, rt cuc ri s tt; duy c ho 6 hng kin ti cng th xu. Ho 5 t c mong c mt to n cng minh. Ch dng lut tng ng ca m dng, dng ci th v v ca cc vch lin v t, khng gng p cht no m suy din ra c nhng iu hp l rn i nh vy, ti cho l ti tnh rt mc. C th p dng qu vo cc v tranh chp trn th gii thi nay. - Qu L gm Ly trn, Cn di, l la trn ni . Ch ca la l bp, l, nay li xut hin trn ni th l mt ch , l di c, u (L). Thi no cng c cnh u t khch: Ngi ln th v ngho phi b qu, i lm n ni khc; tr con th v m ci hay v cha m khng nui ni m phi nh ng ch b bc. Nhng trong nhng thi lan lc nh thi Chin Quc Trung Hoa hay thi chng ta trn khp th gii th cnh L mi gn nh khng trnh mt ai v non triu ng bo chng ta ngai quc lc ny khng khi bi ngi khi c qu L.
Cnh u l cnh bt c d, nhiu lm ch c th hi hanh thng c thi, cho nn trong su ho, khng c ho no c coi l rt tt; ngay n hai ho tt nht, c trung c chnh l ho 2 v ho 5 cng ch c khen l tt lnh (ho 3) l c phc, lc (ho 5). Cn bn ho kia th xu nhiu hay t c: t th nh ho 4; khng c ai gip , trong lng khng vui; nhiu nh ho 3, ho 1 v ho 6: ho 3 v qu cng, khng bit mm mng nn d mnh c ngay thng th cng nguy; ho 1 v t cch hn h, tham lam nn b ngi ta ght m rc ha vo mnh; ho 6 v thn i tr l mi mun ln ch nh, nn b ngi ta ui i. Tm li, theo Dch, ci o u l mm mng, ng tham lam, ng lm ngi ta khi ght; nhng mt khc cng phi sng sut, gi t cch ngi ta khi khinh. Li khuyn rt ng. VIC TR DN - V nhim v dng dn, gio dn ca nh cm quyn, chng ta c th suy t nhng qu Di, Mng, i Sc chng ti gii thiu tit trn, khi phi nhc li, ch xin ni thm v chnh sch kinh t trong qu Tit v qu Khim. Thon truyn qu Tit bo nh cm quyn nn theo lut tit ch ca tri t bn ma nng, ma, nng lnh u c chng mc, m tr dn: hn ch lng ham mun, tnh xa x ca con ngi, bt dn lm vic va sc thi, nh vy khng tn ca ci, khng hi dn (Tit d ch , bt thng ti, bt hi dn). i Tng truyn hiu xa hn, khuyn ngi tr dn hn nh mt chng mc no trong s lm vic v hng th ca dn, ty o c, ti ngh ca mi ngi (Qun t d ch s , ngh c hnh). Nh vy l cho ch Tit mt tc dng rt ln: tit ch c ngha gn nh k hach ho ngy nay v c mc ch thi hnh s cng bng trong x hi, nh li i tng truyn qu Khim: xng vt bnh ti th phi biu a ch qu: bt chn nhiu b chn t. l o ca tri: Khuy doanh nhi ch khim y th lm cho vi i, km th b p vo. Khng, Lo u ngh nh vy. Lun ng, thin Qu Th, bi mt, Khng t bo Nhim Cu; trong nc h phn phi qun bnh th dn khng ngho (qun v bn); v Lo t trong o c kinh Chng 77 bo: o tri bt ch d b ch thiu. o ngi th khng vy: bt ch thiu m thm ch d. Ai l ngi c d m cung cp cho ngi thiu thn trong thin h y? (Thin chi o tn hu du b bt tc. Nhn chi o tc bt nhin, tn bt tc d phng hu d. Thc nng hu du d ph thin h?) V vic kinh php c qu Ph hp, i khuyn ngi x hnh phi sng sut trc ht, cng quyt m cng cn c c nhu ( bt cng i), c cht t tm, v lun lun gi o chnh, thn trng nh hai ho 4,5. Nu khng trung chnh, dng hnh ngc m khng c ngi phc, c phn b on na th tuy ng n hn y m khng c li ln v mnh mun gi trt t trong x hi. Ti cho nh vy khng hp vi ch trng trng l hn hnh php, ch trng trung hu ca o Nho (ti m cn nghi ng th nn pht nh - ti nghi duy khinh), v ti ng rng Dch truyn chu cht t nh hng ca thi Chin quc, ca phi php gia. Nhng qu Ph hp cng khuyn nn rn e t khi dn mi mc ti nh, nu khng dn s quen lm by, c c tch ly m mc ti ln. Li rt ng. Thi Xun Thu v Chin Quc , ngi ta thng coi qu trc khi ra qun. qu S
bn v vic ra qun, ngha hay, , li gn m khng gng. qu mt ho dng (ho 2) vi 5 ho m: nht dng thng lnh qun m, nh mt ng tng iu khin on qun. i ca qu: - Bt c d mi phi ra qun, ra qun phi c chnh ngha. - Dng tng phi la ngi xng ng (nh ho 2, dng cng m c trung), ng cho k bt ti (ho 3) tham gia. - Phi cn thn t lc u, k lut nghim minh, nhng phi kho lo khi mt lng dn, qun. - Nu gp k ch ng th mnh th hy tm trnh, khng sao. - iu ny ng nht: khi thnh cng ri, lun cng ban thng th k tiu nhn (t ti, t c, ch gii git gic thi) c cng, ch nn thng h tin bc, ng giao cho h trng trch (nh cai tr mt vng, cm u mt b, mt vin . . .); trng trch phi v nhng ngi c ti c, nh vy mi thnh c. T xa ti nay, bit bao nh cm quyn mc li khin cho thng trong chin tranh m li bi trong ho bnh. Bt c d mi ra qun, ra qun phi c chnh ngha, l ch trng chung ca cc phi Khng, Lo, Mc . H trng vn hn v. Dch cho Cn l chnh, Khn ph thuc Cn, nhng cng nhn m c cc vn v, khim nhu, l c ca ngi vn minh, cho nn cho ho 6 qu Khn l rt tt, v tng trng bng ci xim vng, xim th p m mu vng va p va sng, qu, ch vua cha mi c dng. Dn tc Trung Hoa thi Xun Thu hiu ho cng nh mi dn tc nng nghip, nn trn hai ngn nm my ln iu ng v cc dn tc du mc hiu chin pha Bc v Ty, ht r H, ti r Kim, r Mng, r Mn. - Cch i vi dn, c cc qu ng nhn, T, Hon. iu quan trng nht l on kt c nhn dn, khin cho trn di ho ng. Mun vy th phi b tinh thn ng phi, tn trng quyn ca mi ngi, phn bit nhiu hng ngi, cho mi ngi c pht trin s nng, tha mn s nguyn (i tng truyn qu ng Nhn). Cng vic ho ng no mi u cng b nhiu k ngn cn, khng d g thc hin ngay c, d l hp vi cng l, vi hnh phc s ng (ho 5 qu ng Nhn) Cng nn nh thm ho 5 qu T: cho ngi ta t do, ai phc tng mnh th ti, khng th c rt lui, m mnh th phi trung, chnh; nu mnh c t tm, mu cu t li, dng th an p buc ngi ta th ngi ta min cng theo ri cng chng li mnh. C khi on kt ton dn, mnh phi bit gii tn b phi ca mnh, nh li khuyn trong cc ho 3,4 qu Hon. - Ho 3 bo: nh tan lng ring t ca mnh i th khng hi hn. - Ho 4 : gii tn b phi ca mnh i, rt tt , v nh vy l gii tn ci nh tp hp thnh ci ln (nh tp hp c quc dn m cng lo cu nc). - Ngc li vi qu Hon l quTy ni v s lp ng hay lin minh. Thon truyn qu khuyn ngi lp ng hoc v minh ch phi l bc i nhn, ti c hn ngi, c mi ngi tn, trng, phi gi vng o chnh c ng li chnh ng, nht l phi c lng ch thnh nh khi vua v nh Thi Miu dng l. i tng truyn khuyn thm: khi nhm hp, nn c tinh thn ho thun. - Cch dng ngi : khng c mt qu ring ni v cch dng ngi, nhng xt
cc ho 5, 4, 2 trong ccq th chng ta gp rt nhiu trng hp dng ngi. ho 5 thng l v nguyn th, ngi cm u, c quyn nht;ho 4 thng l v cn thn tay chn ca v nguyn th; cn ho 2 thng l mt chc quan ln hay nh xa nguyn th; hoc mt k s cha ra lm quan. ho 5 v ho 2 tng ng vi nhau nhng xa nhau;ho 5 v ho 4 khng tng ng nhng gn nhau. Trng hp tt nht l v nguyn th c ti c m gp c mt k s cng c ti c, ngi trn bit tin dng ngi di, ngi di cng ch hng vi ngi trn th d lm nn vic ln nh ho 5 v ho 2 qu Cn. Ngi trn t ti nhng sng sut, bit dng ngi c ti th cng tt, nh ho 5 vi ho 2 qu Lm, hoc nh ho 5 v ho 2 qu S: vua trao ton quyn cm qun cho mt v tng lo thnh. ng vua c ti, c c m cn thn bit phc c sng ca vua, em ti c ra gip i th cng tt, nh ho 5 v ho 4 qu Qun. Nu ho 5 v 4 u l dng cng c, vua v cn thn u c ti, u cng cng c th d lp c s nghip, nhng n thn cng lao ln qu m li c lng dn na th khi cng thnh ri, s b vua ghen ghn m nguy cho mnh, nh trng hp Nguyn Tri. Nu ho 5 v 4 u khim nhu nh trong qu Khim th tt cho 4 nhng khng tt my cho 5, v 5 thiu uy. Theo lut m dng th nh vy, nhng D phi c tnh cch bin thng, cho nn tt xu cn ty ngha ca c qu, tc ca thi (coi tit Thi sau), ch khng phi ch ty ngha ca mi ho. Nguyn tc chung trong s dng ngi l ngi trn phi ch thnh mi cm ho c ngi di, nhng cng phi c uy mi sai khin c h; m ngi di cng phi c lng ch thnh vi ngi trn: nh ho 5 v 2 quTrung phu (c c tin trong lng, tc c lng ch thnh) - Ho 2 : ngi ch tn, c c trung chnh, thnh tn, buc c lng thin h. - Ho 2: ng vi ho 5, cng c c dng cng, c lng thnh thc nh 5, nn tng c nhau, nh hc m gy, hc con ha li. - Hai ho hp thnh mt cp rt tt, cng nh hai ho 5 v 2 qu Cn. Tri li, ho 5 qu i Hu tuy cng c c ch thnh nhng v ch tn m l m, nhu nhc, nnT khuyn phi c cht uy. Ho 5 qu Khim cng vy, tuy c trung thu phc c nhiu ngi, nhng v l m, nhu qu, khng lm trn s mng tri trao cho, lp mt triu i mi, nh vua Thang ui Kit m cch mng nh H, vua V dit Tr m cch mng nh Thng. Thon truyn ca V Vng - ch ni thay c i mi l mt vic phi lu ngy ngi ta mi tin c, v ngi ta c thi quen th cu, li phi hp thi, hp chnh o th ngi ta mi phc Thon truyn ging thm: phi sng st, ho duyt (hp lng dn) th mi thnh cng. M nh vy l hp o tri: tri t thay i bn na, m vn vt mi sinh trng c MnhT ca Chu Cng bn k hn v iu kin, t cch ngi lm cch mng, s chun b v kt qu. iu kin l phi hp thi. t cch l phi c a v, c ti (ho 1) tc nh Mnh t sau ny ni, phi l mt bc thin li c th th thin hnh o c. Phi chun b k, to nhng hon cnh thun tin ngi trn k di tin mnh ( ho 2); nu nng ny lm liu th hng vic, nn thn trng tnh ton k hach ba ln ( ho 3), nn c lng ch thnh, v bit uyn chuyn va cng va nhu
( ho 4) . c nh vy th dn chng ht lng tin v s thnh cng m mn, lm cho x hi thay i, tt p, mi m ln, nh con h thay lng ho 5). Tuy nhin, ta nn nh bn tnh con ngi vn ght s thay i thi quen., li sng, cho nn ch c bc qun t mi thc tm hiu v theo s ci cch, cn hng tiu nhn th ch min cng theo ngoi mt. Nh vy cng tt p ri; v nn ngng li ng ci cch hoi m gy lng on ca dn ( ho 6) . Tm li, bt c d mi phi lm cch mng. Li khuyn tht sng sut, thu tm l con ngi; phi l ngi lm cch mng nh Chu Cng mi ngh ti. qu Cch ny l ti liu duy nht ti c thy v thut lm cch mng thi Tin Tn. Trong mt cuc cch mng d hp thi, hp lng dn ti my, th no cng c mt s ngi v trung thnh vi triu i c, v t li, chng i mnh , gy ri lan, mnh phi dp gii nn. l ngha qu Gii. Thon T v Thon Truyn qu ny khuyn: Khi gii nn xong, th dn ch mong an c lc nghip, ngi tr dn nn c chnh sch khoan i, gin d, ng a s, c khi phc trt t c cng tt ri. Tuy nhin cng phi tr nhng t gy ra nhng han nn trc kia, cng phi sa i cho s bnh nh c lu di, cng vic lm cho mau xong (vn l ng a s) th tt. i Tng truyn bo nn tha ti cho nhng k lm li trc, nu khng th tha c th cng nn gim n nh i. nhng li khuyn u xc ng. * Chng ti nhn thy trong 64 qu, khng qu no ni ring v vic t l, mt vic thi xa t nh cm quyn ti dn u cho l rt quan trng; nhng ri rc trong nhiu qu , v nhiu ho h ngu nhin ni v t l th bao gi cng khuyn trc ht phi ch thnh. Nh qu ty ni v vic nhm hp, phi ch thnh, Thon T bt u bng 4 ch vng cch thi miu (Nh vua n t l nh thi miu). qu Hon, tri li, ni v vic la tan, cng khuyn phi c lng ch thnh v Thon T cng m u bng 4 ch vng cch thi miu Vy ngi Trung Hoa cho cng vic t l cn c lng ch thnh nht, v h ni n lng ch thnh th ly vic t l lm th d. C lng ch thnh l , l vt nhiu t l iu ph. Nh quTy, Thon T bo: l vt hu h th tt (dng i sinh , ct) nhng ho 2 cng qu li bo ch thnh th nh trong vic t l, dng l mn cng tt. qu K t, ho 5 li ni: Hng xm bn ng ( ho 5) m b (lm t l ln) m thc t khng c hng phc bng hng xm bn ty ( ho 2) ch t l s si. C hai u c lng ch thnh ngang nhau, nhng gp thi hn nn may mn hn, c hng phc hn. c gi c th coi thm Thon T qu Qun, cc ho t ho 2 qu Tn, ho 2 qu Thng, ho 5 qu Khn. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH
TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) chng 7 TU THN, O LM NGI Thon t v Ho t thng khuyn ta nn c thi ra sao, gi nhng c no, nhng vn nhm mc ch xu ct t hung, ngha l vn ch trng vo vic bi ton Thong truyn cn da vo Thon truyn m bn rng thm v o lm ngi; n Tng truyn th coi thng vic bi m ch xt v o lm ngi, em nhiu t tng ca Nho gio v Kinh dch , ti ni c ngi trch tc gi Tng Truyn l lm cng tc tuyn truyn cho o Nho, nh trong chng II chng ti ni. Chng ti ly th d qu i Sc c gi nhn thy r iu . Thon T ch ni: Cha ln: chnh ng (theo chnh o) th li. khng phi n cm nh (tc c hng lc ca vua), tt (i sc: li trinh, Bt gia thc, ct) Thon truyn ging: cha ln l cha c cng kin ca qu Cn, c thnh thc, rc r ca qu Cn (v qu i Sc gm qu Cn di, qu Cn trn), mi ngy phi sa c cho mi hai (nht tn k c). Ging nh vy tuy c rng tht, nhng cn da vo li Thon truyn . Ti i Tng Truyn th bo ngi qun t phi tm ti nghin cu, nhng li xa vt c ca Thnh hin, m bit cho n ni n chn, lm cho n ni n chn nui cha c ca mnh (Qun t d thc tin ngn vng hnh d sc k c). R rng l mt bi lun l khng cn lin quan g ti vic bi ton na. CHN C TU THN H T h ch ra chn qu m ngi qun t phi nghin ngm sa c, tc cc qu : - L ci nn ca c, v L l l, cung knh, thn trng. - Khim, ci cn ca c, khim l khim tn , t h. - Phc, ci gc ca c, v phc l tr li, khi phc li thin l. - Hng, l ci bn vng ca c, v hng l gi lng cho bn, khng thay i. - Tn, l s trau gii c, trau gii bng cch bt lng dc, bt lng gin. - ch, l s ny n y ca c, ch c ngha l tng tin ci c. - Khn l nghim xem c mnh cao hay thp, v c gp thi khn, gp nghch cnh mi bit mnh gi c o, c t cch khng. - Tnh, l s dy dn ca c, tnh l ging l ni nc khng cn m cng khng trn, gip ch cho i, cng dng y khp dy dn. - Tn, l s ch ng c, c thun thc, linh hot, bit quyn bin. Chn c quan trng tht y, nht l c Khim m Thon truyn qu Khim rt cao, coi n l o ca tri t: o tri giao t xung di thp, l c Khim ca tri, v th m pht dc c vn vt, cng to ho cng ngy cng rc r, o t chu di thp ht thy vn vt, l c khim ca t, v th m kh m bc ln giao t vi kh dng, nh vy l tri t cng khim c (Thin o h t nhi quang minh, a o t nhi thng hnh). o tri lm vi ch y m thm vo ch thiu (khim) o t bin i (lm sp) ch y m vo
ch thiu; qu thn lm hi ch y l lm phc cho ch thiu; o ngi ght ch y yu ch thiu. Khim th cao qi m sng, thp (t h) m khng ai c th vt qua, l mc cui cng ca ngi qun t (Thin o khuy doanh nhi ch khim, a o bin doanh nhi lu khim; qu thn hi doanh nhi ch khim, nhn o doanh nhi hiu khim. Khim tn nhi quang, t nhi bt kh du, qun t chi chung d) Cu cui: Khim tn nhi quang, t nhi bt kh du sao m c ging o c kinh th: Thnh nhn hu k thn nhi thn tin Chng 7, Thnh nhn dc thng dn bt d ngn h chi, dc tin dn tt d thn hu chi chng 66. Tiu Tng truyn ho I qu Khim cng khuyn nh Lo t: Ngi qun t Khim ri li khim, t ti nui c mnh (Khim khim qun t, ti di t mc d) Ngi qun t khim ri li khim, dng c m qua c sng ln (qua c tai nn) (Khim khim qun t, dng thip i xuyn). Ho 3: Bc qun t cn mn, kh nhc m khim th vn dn u theo (Lao khim qun t , vn dn phc d). o khim cn c nhc trong nhiu ch khc na, nh trong: - qu i Hu, ho 4: Tuy giu c m ng lm ra v thnh vng, phi khim tn th khng c li. - Qu qui Mui, ho 5 : Em gi vua t m g cho ngi bnh dn. V khi v nh chng, y phc li khng p bng y phc c ph du, nh vy l rt khim tn, tt. - Qu Minh di, Thon truyn khuyn nn giu bt s sng sut ca mnh i, m vn gi c ch hng, khng khoe ti khoe gii, cng l khim tn na. Nn so snh vi cu Tri, bt tri, thng (Bit m lm ra b khng bit , nh vy l sng sut nht) Chng 71 trong o c Kinh. THM VI C NA Nhng no ch c 9 c nu trong H t h m thi, cn nhiu c khc cng quan trng, nh c cng, t cng trong qu Cn. Cn gm 6 ho u l dng c, tng trng cho tri. S vn chuyn ca tri mnh ngi qun t (nn theo o ca tri) m t cng mi, khng ngh (Thin hnh kin, qun t d t cng bt tc qu Cn i Tng truyn) Ho t ho 3 qu Cn cng ni: Ngi qun t sut ngy hng hi t cng (Qun t chung nht cn cn) Cn nhiu qu khc na cng thng nhc ti o cng nh: - Qu Mng, i Tng truyn ging: qu ny ngoi qui l Cn, ni, ni qui l Khm, nc sui, vy l di ni c sui phun ra, th nc mnh; ngi qun t nn mnh m nh ging sui , qu cm hnh ng nui ci c. (Sn h xut tuyn, mng; qun t d qu hnh dc c). - Qu Hng, i Tng truyn ging: qu ny ngoi qui l Chn, sm, ni qui l Tn; gi; (tri t c lc bin ng nh sm, gi, nhng o tri th vn c y nhin), ngi qun t nn bt chc th m t lp khng bao gi thay i ch (li phong hng, qun t d lp, bt dch phng) . - Qu Nhu, Thong truyn bo: Cng kin m khng hm (ngha l thng t) th khng khn cng: (Cng kin nhi bt hm, k ngha bt khn cng h) - Qu i Hu, Thong truyn ging: Ni qui l Cn, tc trong c c cng
kin, ngoi qui l Ly l ngai c c vn minh; nh vy c ca qu i Hu l cng kin m vn minh, ng vi tri m ty thi thi hnh th rt tt (k c cng kin nhi vn mnh, ng h thin nhi thi hnh, th d nguyn hanh). - Qu i Sc, Thong truyn bo: cng mnh, thnh thc, rc r mi ngy phi sa c cho mi hai, ngi tn, nghim ngh m chung ngi hin, ngn c s mnh, nh vy l bc i chnh (Cng kin, c thc, huy quang, nht tn k c, cng thng nhi thng hin, nng ch kin, i chnh d). - Cn nhiu ch khc, khng th dn ht c. Dch hc phi cho ho dng tng trng ngi qun t, m dng th cng kin vy c u tin ca ngi qun t phi l t cng bt tc. Nht tn, cng quyt t trau gii o c khng ngh, mi ngy thm mt iu mi . Nhng Dch c dng th c m, c Cn th c khn, cho nn c nhu cng c trng, m nh vy khng phi l mu thun v Dch hc ch trng phi ty thi, phi bit bin i, khng c chp; m ng trng cng, n b trng nhu, ngi trn nn cng, ngi di nn nhu, li c lc ngi trn cng nn nhu m ngi di cng nn cng. Cng l ngha ca qu Cn, nhu l ngha qu Khn. Sau Cn tip ngay ti Khn. Dch cho Khn c c nhu thun, nh vy m tip tc cng vic ca Cn nui vn vt, ch c vn vt. Cho nn bi hc ca Cn l qun t t cng bt tc, th bi hc ca Khn l Qun t d hu c ti vt (Ngi qun t nh c y m dung ch c vn vt. i Tng truyn qu Khn). Thon Truyn bo: An tnh gi c trinh (bn vng), hp vi o v cng ca t (An trinh chi ct, ng a v cng) - Qu Hng cng trng c nhu: Hng ngha l lu di: cng trn m mm di, sm gi cng hin vi nhau (v qu Hng gm qu Chn trn l sm, qu Tn di l gi, sm th cng, gi th nhu), nhn nhng m ng, cng mm u ng nhau (Hng , cu d, . . Cng thng nhi nhu h, li phong tng d, tn nhi ng, cng nhu giai ng Thon truyn) - qu Ty cng khuyn phi cng m cng phi nhu: Qu ty: ci cng n m di ci mm (v gm qu Chn l sm, cng, di qu oi l chm, mm), ng m p lng (oi cn c ngha l p lng) (Ty: cng lai nhi h nhu, ng nhi duyt Thon truyn). T cng bt tc, cng kin l ch trng ca Nho. Chng ta nh cch Khng t dy hc, bt mn sinh phi tn lc tin hai, mi ngy mi thng bit thm c iu mi m khng qun iu c, lun lun n c tri tn, hc th nh s khng kp, hc c iu g ri th s qun mt (Hc nh bt cp, do cng tht chi Lun ng Thi B bi 17) , khin mn sinh u t nht ca ng l Nhan Hi phi than th: Thy tc Khng t - dng th tch mm rng tri thc ta, dng l tit c thc hnh vi ca ta, d ta mun thi cng khng c. Ta tn dng nng lc m c h vn thy c ci g cao ln sng sng pha trc, ta mun leo ln ti cng m khng sao theo cho ni (Lun ng - T Hn bi 10). Nhu, tri li l ch trng ca Lo. o c kinh Chng 35, Lo bo Nhu nhc thng cng cng, chng 78, ng chng minh : Trong thin h khng c g nhu nhc hn nc, m ph c ci cng cng th khng g hn n: nh nc chy hai m phi mn.
Chng 76 ng li ni: Ngi ta sinh ra th mm yu m khi cht th cng . Tho mc sinh ra th mm du m khi cht th kh cng. Cho nn cng mnh l cng lai vi cht, mm yu l cng lai vi sng (Nhn chi sinh d nhu nhc, k t d kh co. C kin cng gi, t chi ; nhu nhc gi, sinh chi ) Hai ch trng ngc nhau: Khng hu vi nn trng cng cng, Lo v vi nn thch nhu nhc. Lo bit rng vt cng tc phn, thnh cc th suy, y ri th vi, cho nn khng mun ln ti cng, khng mun thnh, khng mun y, khng mun trn cao, khng mun mnh. Khng mun cng m mun yu, mun nhu. thi lon th thi khn, yn thn. Dch hc phi cng ngh rng vt cng tc phn, cho nn cng trng c nhu; nhng cng trng c cng, cho rng phi c c cng ln nhu nh trong hai qu Hng v Ty ti mi dn trn. Hn na, dch cn cho rng k di phi thun tng ngi trn, nhng phi la bc i nhn c ti c m tin, m thun tng (Thon truyn qu tn) ch khng phi thun tng bt k k trn no, li nn thun tng va phi thi, nu qu mc th ng xu h (nh ho qu Tn), nu thun lng ti mc ti h, sim nnh, mt t cch con ngi th chng nhng xu m cn b ho na. (nh ho 6 qu Tn) Vy Dch hc phi dung ha c Khng v Lo. * Di y chng ti dn thm hai qu na chng minh thm tnh cch dung ha : Qu Cn v qu B. Khng hu vi, tt nhin ch trng ng, ng (v c Mc t na) sut i bn ba lo vic thin h, t ai ng hn ng, nhng ng khng t ra vn ng tnh, c l v cho n l t nhin qu khi phi bn. th gi nh t ph, bt x tr d (Lun ng - T Hn, 16) o tri nh vy th o ngi cng vy. Lo , tri li, t i sng n t tng u ch tnh. ng cho tnh l ch ca no ng (tnh vi to qun) o c kinh Ch.26) Chng 37, ng bo: khng ham mun c im tnh th thin h s t yn (Bt dc d tnh, thin h tng t nh). Cng ng, cng mun cu i th thin h cng loan, c yn tnh, khng ham mun g c th thin h s tr Hot ng, cu i m lm g? Mi vt trng trng (theo lut t nhin) s tr v ci r ca n. M tr v ci r, l tnh (Ph vt vn vn, cc phc qui k cn. Qui cn vit tnh Chng 16) Chng 45, ng nhc li: thanh tnh mi chnh c thin h (Thanh tnh vi thin h chnh). Dch d nhin cng ch trng ng nh Khng; m dng c ng th mi giao nhau, thay th nhau, mi c bin. Trong nm qu cn bn, qu Chn, qu Tn, c ngha ng. Nhng qu Cn qu oi th tnh. Tnh nht l qu Cn; ta vn ni tr tr nh ni Cn c ngha l ni, l rng, l tnh, l trng hu na. Thong Truyn qu Cn ging : H tnh th con ngi khng b tnh dc chi phi, khng lm iu c, khng ngh ti mnh (bt hoch k thn) m cng qun c ngi khc, tc l khng phn bit mnh v ngi, nh vy th khng c li. ging ca Lo. Nhng Thon truyn li ni thm: Lc ng ngng th ngng, ng i th i, ng tnh u hp thi, th o (o ngng) mi sng sa (thi ch tc ch, thi
hnh tc hnh, ng tnh bt tht k thi, k o quang mnh). i tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t ch nn ngng ch lm trn bn phn ca mnh. Vy l dch ch trng ng m cng trng tnh, nhng khng qu cao tnh nh Lo. Mt vn na: Lo ch trng qui cn , tr v gc, v s cht phc thi nguyn thy. Mun vy th phi tuyt thnh kh tri, tuyt xo kh li, (dt thnh, b tri, dt tr xo, b li), m kin t bo phc,(ngai th biu hin s mc mc, trong th gi s cht phc) Chng 19. Ci g ngi ta gi l vn minh th phi b ht. Chng 28, ng nhc li: Phc qui phc tr v cht phc, mc mc nh g cha o). Khng t khng cc oan nh vy, trng vn minh m cng trng cht phc: Chc phc thng vn nh th l ngi qu ma, vn nh thng chc phc th l ngi chp s (gi vic vn th); vn v cht u nhau mi l ngi qun t (Cht thng vn tc d; vn thng cht tc s; vn cht bn bn, nhin hu qun t: Lun ng - Ung d 16) Dch c v hi trng cht (phc) hn vn (v). Thon T qu B bo: Lm vic g m ch nh trang sc th li ch b nh thi (B; hanh, tiu li). Thon truyn: bn thm: ci vn v t nhin (thin vn) th tt, cn ci vn v nhn to (nhn vn) th nn hn ch. i Tng truyn cng khuyn: vic chnh tr nh th dng trang sc c, cn vic quan trng (. . .) th ng t im thm. Ho 5 dn thm: trang sc m tn tin th b ch ci, nhng nh vy cn hn l xa hoa, m bit trng ci gc l s cht phc, cho nn rt cuc vn c tt lnh, c hnh phc cho dn. (Tiu Tng truyn) Ho 6, ngha cn r hn: Ly s t phc nh mu trng (khng mu m g c ) lm trang sc th khng c li (Bch b, v cu). Vy, Dch tuy cng cho c trang sc mi l vn minh nh Khng, nhng vn trng cht hn vn, ly cht lm th, ly vn lm dng; tm li hi chu nh hng ca Lo. Tng hp li ch c hai ch Trong 64 qu gn nh khng qu no khng khuyn ta mt c ny hay c khc (nhng qu Trung phu, Di, Gia nhn, T, Ty, i hu . . .trong cc mc. Vic hng ngay, Vic tr dn trn u cha t nhiu li khuyn v o lm ngi c), lit k ra th cc phin toi, m tng hp th rt n gin, ch gm trong 2 ch Trung Chnh nh Trng K Qun ni: o l trong thin h (theo Dch) ch l khin cho vic khng trung tr v ch trung, vic khng chnh tr v ch chnh. Trung chnh l quan nim cn bn ca Dch: mun on tnh cch ct hung ca mt ho, Dch xt trc ht xem ho c chnh, trung khng, c c ng vin khng v ho ng vin n c chnh trung hay khng. Chnh. Chnh khng phi ch c ngha l ngay thng, m cn c ngha l hp chnh ngha, hp o. Phn Kinh t dng ch chnh m thng dng ch trinh, Trinh l chnh v bn, nh trong Thon T cc qu Cn, Khn, i Trng, Hng . . hoc trong cc ho 1, 3, 5 qu Hng; cc ho 2, 3,4 qu i Trng. Nhng trong phn Truyn (Thong Truyn, Tng Truyn) thng dng ch
chnh thay ch trinh. Nh Thon Truyn qu i Trng bo chnh o l tnh ca tri t (Chnh i nhi thin a chi tnh kh kin d). Qu L khuyn ta i phi gi tnh trong trng v ng chnh (ho 1 v 2). Qu Phc bo phi tr v o (phn phc k o), tc tr v iu thin (ho 5), nu khng th s b tai v (ho 6). Nh vy l sa i tr v ng chnh. Qu V Vng c ngha l khng cn by hp vi chnh o; c thy vic chnh th lm, khng tnh ton ci li trc ri mi lm (ho 2); v nu chng may c gp tai nn th c thn nhin, ri tai nn s qua khi ( ho 5) . Ti ch dn my th d trn (cn rt nhiu na) c gi thy quan nim v chnh trong Dch. C th coi n l o ca ngi qun t. Ngi Trung Hoa c t ng chnh nhn qun t l ngha vy. Trung Nhng Dch cho rng chnh khng qu bng Trung, v h trung th cng l chnh, m chnh cha chc l trung (trung l khng thin lch). Nh ho 2 qu i trng. N l ho dng v m (chn: 2) tc bt chnh (dng v dng, m v m mi l chnh ), nhng n gia ni qui, th l c trung, m trung th khng bao gi bt chnh, cho nn Ho t khen l tt. Ho 2 qu Hng cng vy: cng l dng v m, ch nh c trung m khng phi hi hn. Nn coi thm ho 2 (dng) qu Tn, v ho 2 (dng) qu V t. Phan Bi Chu (Chu Dch I trang 233) cho rng ngi Trung Hoa t ch chnh trc ch trung v qu trung hn chnh, trung bao gm c chnh, ch chnh khng bao gm c trung. Theo phng Hu Lan th Hu ng m trong Thon Truyn c 35 qu v trong Tng Truyn c 36 qu ni v c Trung, ngha l s qu chim gi na Kinh Dch. Khi th gi l trung chnh hay chnh trung, i trung, khi th gi l trung o, trung hnh, hnh trung, cng trung, nhu trung . . . Trung l t tng ca Khng phi, Lo khng h ni ti. Lun ng u thin Nghiu vit chp: *(Khi nhng ngi cho ng Thun) va Nghiu bo: Hi ng Thun, mnh tri tun han, nay ngi vua v ng: ng nn thnh thc gi o trung (dan chp k trung) Nu dn trong bn b khn cng th lc tri (ban cho ng) s mt hn y. V sau, vua Thun li truyn nhng li cho ng V . khng bit on c thc l li ca Khng t , v c ng khng. Nu ng th Trung l t tng truyn li t Nghiu, Thun. iu chc chn l Khng t rt trong c trung. Thin Ung d, bi 27 ng bo: Trung dung l c cc p.(Trung dung chi vi c, k ch h h!). ng ch s thi qu v s bt cp, nh trong bi 15 thin Tin tin, ng cho T Trng l thi qu. T H l bt cp, m thi qu cng nh bt cp (qu do bt cp d), u xu c. Trong bi 21 thin T l, ng li bo: khng c hng ngi trung chnh truyn o cho (hoc giao thip) th tm hng ngi cung phng hoc cn hu gi tit tho vy. ngi cung phng c tinh thn tin th, ngi cn hu gi tit tho th khng chu lm iu xu. (Bt c trung hnh nhi d chi, tt d cung quyn h! Cung gi tin th, quyn gi hu s bt vi d). Cung l hng thi qu, quyn l hng bt cp.
Theo T T, chu ni ng, th ng cn ni: Ngi qun t gi o trung dung, k tiu nhn lm tri o trung dung. Ci trung dung ca ngi qun t l c c ca ngi qun t m cn bit ty thi cho hp l trung. (qun t chi trung dung d, qun t nhi thi trung) Trung dung chng 2). T T trong cun TrungTrung Dung em t tng ca Khng, din rng cho c tnh cch siu hnh, cho trung l ci gc ln ca thin h, ha l ci ng i thng sut trong thin h, h trung ha rt mc th tri t c yn v, mun vt c pht trin, sung sng. Quan nim trung trong Dch gn vi quan nim Trung dung hn l vi quan nim trong lun ng ch ng v phng din tu thn, hc o, v phng din th phi m coi trng c trung, cho thi qu v bt cp u xu nh nhau. Dch theo lut m dng trong thin nhin, thy ci g thi qu th gy phn ng, nn khuyn phi trung, phi qun bnh trnh phn ng, trnh ho. Trung tc l c chng mc :Tri t c chng mc nn mi thnh bn ma (Thon truyn qu Tit) m vn vt mi pht trin c. Chng mc cng l lut qun bnh, nng khng nng qa, ma khng ma qu, nng ma, m lnh phi thay nhau iu ha kh hu. Ci g thnh qu th phi suy, suy qu th s thnh, Khng,Lo, Dch hc phi u thy nh vy. Nhng Lo cc oan, khng mun thnh, khng mun tin, ch mun di thp, mun yu thu th (gia phn con mi), th nhc (chu nhc, km ngi); cn dch v Khng mun tin, mun thnh, mun mnh, nhng ti mt mc no thi. Lo trng m, v v: Dch trong dng, hu vi. Nhng ti mt mc no thi. Lo trong m, v v; Dch trong dng , hu vi nhng hu vi va phi, trnh cc oan. Cho nn hu ht cc qu tt trong Dch, ho cui cng u xu: lc thnh cc ri, bt u suy. Nh qu Cn m Dch cho l qu rt tt, c cc c nguyn hanh li trinh, m ho 6 c iu n nn, v rng ln cao qu, khng xung c na v gp ho th khng nn hot ng g na m sm rt lui i khi phi hi hn. Ho 6 1 Thi cng vy. Ti cui thi thng thun ri, sp qua thi B, b tc nn ho t khuyn: ng hnh ng na m s tht bi xu h. Nhng qu B th ho cui li tt: trc cn b, sau th mng v b cc th thi lai. (Nhng qu xu khc cng vy, a s ho cui u nh cc qu Bc, n, Khu, Kin, Hon . . ) Qu Thng cng l mt qu tt, v l thi tin ln, ho cui cng, Ho t cho l xu, v qu tham, c mun tin hai, v khuyn phi sa c cho hp o chnh th mi c li. Nh trn ti ni, Dch cho cng cng l mt c tt, Nhng qu cng th xu. Chng hn qu i qu c ti 4 ho dng gia v ch c 2 ho m trn v di. i qu c ngha l ln qu. Ho t ght nhng ho qu cng (ho 3 v 6); cn ho qu nhu nh ho 6 (th v v u nhu) th tuy khng c li Nhng cng cho l xu. Ho 1 th nhu m v cng ; ho 2 v 4 th cng m v nhu, ngha l va cng va nhu th tt hoc khng c li. Vy l Ho t trng c trung (va cng va nhu) hn c. Ngay nh c bit tit ch, mt c hp vi o tri, m qu Tit, ho 5 cng b ch l hung v tit ch ti mc qu ng, khin ngi ta cc kh, khng ai chu c lu m s on. Lng thnh tn vn l tt, cn thit trong s giao thip vi mi ngi, trong vic tr dn, Nhng cng phi ng thi qu ti ni khng bit bin thng, nh ho 5
qu Trung phu; m nn c c trung nh ho 2. Ho ny l dng, c c tin, m gia ni qui, l c trung, li ng vi ho trn cng dng cng, cng c trung; hai ho cm ng, tng c vi nhau nh hc m gy, hc con ho li, rt tt. C trong qu S ni v vic xut quan m cng c hai ho khuyn phi gi c trung; - Ho 2, trong qun, (v tng ch huy) c c trung th tt, khng ti li. Ho ny dng cng m c trung, gia ni qui. - Ho 5, m, v ch tn, tng ng vua n nhu khng gy chin m thun o trung (v gia ngoi qui), ch v qun ch ln ci m phi nh ui i, nn khng c li. o tri Khuy doanh nhi ch khim, ci g y th lm cho khuyt i, ci g thp km th b p cho (Thon Truyn qu Khim), cng ch l cho vn vt c cn xng, qun bnh, ngha l c trung. Tuy nhin trung khng c ngha l lng chng nh nhiu ngi hiu lm. Nu l lng chng th khng c ho 5 qu Cn. Qu ny k nhng bc ng i ca bc i nhn c ti c mun lp s nghip ln gip i. Mi u nh con rng cn n ( ho 1), ri ti c mi ngy mi cao, c ngi bit ti ( ho 2), Nhng vn cha gp thi cn phi thn trng (ho 3), ri ti lc c th tin c ( ho 4) , sau cng thnh cng ho 5. Nh vy u phi l lng chng, m tri li thn trng tin ty thi m hnh ng cho ti khi t c mc ch. Nu lng chng th ngng ho 3 hay 4 ri m tht bi. Trung cng nh ngha l nhu nhc, nu nhu nhc th ng vua trong ho 5 qu s khng dm nh ui qun ch ln ci mnh, khng giao quyn cho v tng lo thnh trong ho 2. Trung trong qu Cn ch c ngha l ln cao ti cng th ngng li, trong qu S ch c ngha l khng hiu chin m bit t v. Trung, nh Vn ngn truyn ni, l bit lc no nn tin, lc no nn lui, bit vn tri (han cnh) lc no cn lc no mt m x s cho hp thi nhng vn gi c chnh o (Tri tin thoi tn vong, nh bt tht k chnh), ngha l bit ty tri cho hp o. Nh vy l trng tit ; trng tit, sch Trung Dung gi l ha. Theo Mnh t v T T th Khng t chp trung m bit ty thi. Mnh t tn Khng l : Thnh chi thi (bc thnh v c ty thi hnh ng; cn T T th cho cu qun t nhi thi trung l ca Khng. . Nu vy th Dch hc phi chu nh hng ca Khng phi m tip tc pht huy thuyt thi trung Chnh, Trung li gm trong ch Thi. Dch l bin dch, c bin ho mi thch hp (duy bin s thch H t h, Ch.8), cho nn trng ci thi. v bin n cc th tr li, cho nn trng c trung. Trung vi thi, do m lin quan mt thit vi nhau. Thi gm trung, v phi hp thi mi gi l trung. cnh giu sang m sng bn xn, cnh ngho hn m sng xa hoa, th khng hp thi, khng phi l trung . Thi gm chnh na v chnh m khng hp thi th cng xu. Cng cng l o ngi qun t m cui qu Cn, khng hp thi, cho nn c hi hn. Vy Dch l chnh trung, m thc ra ch l hp thi. Ci ngha ty thi ln tht (Ty thi chi ngha i h tai! Qu Ty). Thon Truyn:
- Qu i hu bo: ng vi tri v lm theo thi, nh vy m c tt hn c (ng h thin nhi thi hnh, th d nguyn hanh). - Qu Tn: Bt, thm, y, rng, cng vi m lu hnh, (Tn, ch, doanh, h, d thi giai hnh). - Qu Cn: Lc ng ngng th ngng, lc ng i th i. ng tnh khng tht thi, o sng sa (Thi ch tc ch, thi hnh tc hnh. ng tnh bt tht k thi, k o quang minh). Vn ngn truyn cng mt ch trng : Bc qun t tin c tu nghip l mun cho kp thi (Qun t tin c tu nghip, dc cp thi d). Mun kp thi th phi bin cch, phi thay i. Thon Truyn qu Cch bo: Thay i m c lng ngi tin . . th rt tt v chnh ng. Thay i m ng th n nn phi mt. Tri t thay i m c bn ma: Vua Thang, vua V i mng (dit Kit, Tr m ln lm vua) thun vi tri m ng vi ngi. Ci thi ca qu Cch ln thay (Cch nhi tn chi . . . i hanh d chnh. Cch nhi ng, k hi ni vong. Thin a cch nhi t thi hnh; thang, V cch mnh, thun h thin nhi ng h nhn. Cch chi thi i h tai!) * Mi qu l mt thi Cng theo Hu ng, trong Thon Truyn 24 qu , trong Tng Truyn c 6 qu ni ti ch Thi. Phan Bi Chu bo trong Thon Truyn c 11 qu cao ch thi: qu Di, qu i Qu, qu Gii, qu Cch ch ni ti Thi thi; qu D, qu n, qu Cn, qu L ni ti Thi m kim vi Ngha; qu Khm, qu Khu, qu Kin ni ti Thi m kim vi Dng (Chu Dch trang 354) Hai nh ch k nhng qu m li Thon Truyn v Tng Truyn khuyn o ty thi; ch theo Dch hc phi th 64 qu , qu no cng ni n thi v mi qu l mt thi. Ch thi ny c ngha rng. Thi, B, K T ( xong ri), V T (cha xong), Khn, D (vui v), Nhu (i ch) v.v. . u l thi c; m ngay n Cn, Khn, Khm, Cn . . cng l thi na : Cn l thi ca mt i nhn, c ti c, thi hnh ng; khn l thi ca ngi di, thi nhu thun, thi vn minh; Khm l thi gian nguy; Cn l thi nn tnh, nn thn trng, phng . . . * H t h, Chng VII, m u bng mt li cm thn: o Dch hng thnh ln thi Trung c chng? (Trung c so vi thi tc gi H t, tc thi Vn Vng. Ngi lm Dch (tc Vn Vng) c iu u t, lo lng y chng ? (Dch chi hng d, k trung c h? Tc gi Dch, k hu hon h?) on m ch vic Vn Vng b Tr giam ngc Du L m t raThon T cho mi qu. c 64 qu , chng ta cm thy bun ru, u t tht. X hi Trung Hoa trong Dch sao m en ti! cnh nghch nhiu hn cnh thun, cnh suy nhiu hn cnh
thnh. Cnh vui, thnh, ti ch thy c by qu: - D (vui) - Thi (thng thun, tri vi b) - i trng (thi cng thnh) - Phong (thi thnh ln) - i hu (thi giu c) - Thng (thi ng ln) - Tn (thi nn tin) Trong 7 qu , khng c qu no tht tt, khng cnh no tc gia Kinh Dch khng t ln mt vt xm, khng nhc nh ta: Coi chng y, trong phc np ho y ( qu D, qu i Trng) phi phng trc i ( qu i Trng). Thi cc th b theo sau y (Thi); trong cnh giu c (i hu) m Dch li khuyn ta nn sng gian nan, ng khoe ca; ng lc vn ln (thng), nn tin (tn), Dch cnh co ta: tham lam th cht y, tin va va thi, cn trong qu Phong l thi thnh ln, rt tt m khng c mt ho no tht tt, ho no cng c li rn e: phi cn thn, phi th ny th n th mi tt. V khi cng vic va mi xong cng nh va mi qua sng (K T) th tip ngay mt qu bo rng vic cha xong u (V T) ng mong g c ngh ngi. Th th c chn khng ch! Cn cnh lo bun, cnh nghch, cnh suy th sao m nhiu th. Bn kia ch c mt qu Thi, th bn y c qu: - B. Ri cn tip thm mt chui na: - Khm (nguy) - Trun (Gian trun) - Kin (Gian nan, him tr) - Ri ti Khn (Khn n) - i vi D (vui v) th c. - Chn (lo s) - Minh Di (giu ti c i, np i, khng cho ai bit mnh) - Tiu sc (b bn tiu nhn ngn cn). - Bc (phi chng i vi bn tiu nhn ng tin) Li cn nhng cnh: - B chia la : khu - Phi trn trnh: n. - Sau cng la phi lu lc qu ngi : L. X hi hc m l x hi thi Vn Vng (tc gi phn Kinh) thi Tr, thi suy ca nh n, m cng l x hi thi Xun Thu v Chin Quc, thi suy ca nh Chu, thi ca cc tc gi phn Truyn. V chnh cc tc gi ny trong khi gii thch phn kinh gi vo tm s ca mnh, nhn sinh quan ca mnh. V d qu B, thon T ca Vn Vng ch ni: B khng phi l o ngi , v n khng li vi o chnh ca qun t : chnh i Tng Truyn mi khuyn: b l b tc ti cng cc ri, hnh ng ch v ch, nn n, ct gi ci c v ci thn mnh thi. Qu i Hu, Thon t khen l rt hanh thng, m i Tng Truyn th cn dn: ngi qun t trong qu ny phi ngn n ngay iu d khi n cha pht hin, v biu dng iu tt khi n cn mp m thun mnh tt ca tri
Nhng li ging thm ca ngi sau hu ht bi quan hn li trong kinh, v thi Xun thu, Chin quc ca h lon hn thi cui n. Mi ho l mt thi trong qu Mi qu l mt thi, m mi ho trong qu li l mt thi nh trong ci thi chung ca qu . khi ln ln , ti gi mi thi nh ca ho l mt giai on mt han cnh trong thi ca qu . Nh qu Cn, ho 1 l giai on n (tim long) trong thi Cn; ho 2 l giai on bt u xut hin (hin long); ho 3 l giai on thn trng ch thi; ho 4 l giai on c th bay nhy c; ho 5 l giai on thnh cng, ln ti tt bc, ho 5 l giai on rt lui. Su giai on trong qu Tim cng rt r rng: con chim hng t mt nc m ln ti b, ti phin , ti t bng, ti cnh cy, ti g cao, ri sau cng ln ti my, 6 ho l 6 giai on trong thi Tim tin. C th k thm qu Nhu (tin t xa ch him ti gn ch him), qu Bc (tiu mn ln ln t chn ging ln ti then ging, mt ging), nhng trc sau ch c mi qu nh vy; cn cc qu kia th cc giai on khng theo mt th t no c nh qu L, mi ho l mt han cnh p dng cho mt hng ngi t cch, tnh tnh khc nhau, khng c ngha trc sau v thi gian. Mi ho tuy c mt ngha ring Nhng ngha lun lun ty ngha ca qu , tc ty ci thi chung ca su ho , c vy mi nht tr, thnh mt qu c. - Cng l th dng v dng, ngi ch tn, m ho 5 qu Cn rt tt, lp s nghip ln, cn ho 5 qu Trun ch hi tt thi, chnh n vic nh th c, vic ln th xu, v hai ho thi khc nhau, mt thi Cn, thi ca bc i nhn, mt thi Trun, thi gian nan, kh khn, cho nn ti nh nhau m s nghip khc nhau xa. - Ho 2 v ho 5 qu Cn u l dng cng c li tng ng, Ho t khuyn nn tm nhau m lm vic; cn ho 2 v ho 5 qu L, cng u l dng v tng ng m Ho t khng khuyn nh vy, bo 2 nn c c gi vng ng chnh, ch v qu Cn l thi ca mt i nhn (ho 5), c ch ln gip i, m mun gip i th cn c ngi ng c, ng ch (ho 2), cn qu L ni v cch c x trong i ca mt ngi thng nh chng ta th c i nhn no kim mnh (ho 2) m mnh cng kim i nhn lm g, c lo gi vng ng chnh l hp nht. - So snh ho 1 qu K T v ho 1 qu V T ta cng thy r hn na. C hai u c ba ch nhu k v: (con chn qua sng t ci ui; vy m trong qu K T th cho l v cu), khng c li, cn trong qu V T th cho l ln, ng n hn; v thi ca hai qu khc nhau; thi K T l thi qua sng ri, xong vic, thi V T l thi cha qua sng, cha xong vic. - Ho 4 qu Ty l dng m v m, nh th l bt chnh , ng l xu, nhng thi Ty (theo) th lm nn s nghip (gp ng vua bit dng ti ca mnh), v nu c gi lng ch thnh, sng sut, theo o l, th khng c li. - Qu Khn, ho 2 v ho 5 u l dng, c trung, ng l tt m li xu, ch v thi khn n. - Xin c gi so snh thm cp 1- 4 qu Phong vi cp 2-5 qu Tng. qu Phong, 1 v 4 ng nhau, u dng cng c (ng c) hp thnh mt cp bn tt. qu Tng, 2 v 5 cng ng nhau, cng u l dng c, li thm u c trung, ng l cng thnh mt cp bn rt tng c, Nhng Ho t li bo 2
mun kin 5, v khuyn nn b i, s nh trng hci vi thi. V phong l thi thnh, hanh thng; cn Tng l thi kin tng, 2 v 5 khng phi l ng c m l ngang ngnh nh nhau; phi coi l i ch nhau. Dch ch l thi. c Dch chng ta so snh, suy ngh nh vy s nhn c rt nhiu bi hc ty thi, s thy c b Dch ch tm li trong ch Thi (Chu Dch nht b th, kh nht ngn nhi t chi, Vit: Thi). ty thi m vn gi c trung chnh, li l mt lut bt bin na trong o bin Dch. Nm c lut th ta c th ng c vi vn ci bin trong i (d bt bin ng vn bin). Chng ta s bit lc no nn cng, lc no nn nhu, lc no nn tin, lc no nn thoi, lc no nn ng, lc no nn tnh, lc no nn nhng nhn, lc no nn tn cng, ch (tng) khng phi l lun lun tt, cn phi bit khi no nn ch, ch ci g, ch cho ai, tn khng phi l lun lun xu, tn gim c cc tt ca mnh th li l tt, tn ca ngi giu ch ngi ngho l tt; ci cch phi hp thi mi tt; m c thnh tn cng phi bit bin thng mi tt. Bit ty thi l iu rt kh, phi bnh tnh v t, sng sut, phi c tr. Dch trng c c ln tr, ging Khng, khc Lo. Dch l o ca ngi qun t Mi u ch l mt php bi dng trn thuyt m dng v nhng lch duyt ca mi ngi, ri t cui thi Xun Thu n cui thi Chin Quc hay u thi Hn, trong ba bn trm nm, mt s hc gi, hin nhn khuyt danh ln ln thu thp thm nhng t tng ca Khng, Lo Khng nhiu hn Lo thm bt, sa i, dung ha thnh mt trit l gm mt v tr quan ging Lo m khng phi Lo, v mt nhn sinh quan rt ging Khng m khng hn l Khng. Nhn sinh quan l nhn sinh quan Trung Hoa vo u Hn, sut hai ngn nm sau khng thay i g nhiu, n gip cho Khng v Lo, nh dng vi m, xch li gn nhau, b tc nhau, nh m dn tc Trung Hoa c mt tinh thn qun bnh, lnh mnh, mt thi yu i, t tin m nhiu trit gia phng Ty nhn l hin (sage). Ti gi nhn sinh quan l o Dch. -N rt thc tin, thit thc. Thuyt m dng lm c s cho n khng c g thn b (1) cng khng qu huyn vi nh o ca Lo, m ch l nhng lut thin nhin mi ngi c th nhn thy hng ngy. - N khng bn ti nhng g cao xa, siu hnh nh linh hn, kip trc, kip sau . .. m ch xt nhng vic trong i sng hng ngy, v xt rt . c gi c thy mt tc phm lun l hay mt cun vit v ngh thut sng no l ch cho ta t vic n ung, tu thn, ti vic kin co, xut quan, trang sc, t gia, v nh chng, lp ng, dit k tiu nhn, can ngn cha m, cch s s trong mi hon cnh; lc giu, thnh, lc gian trun, lc ch thi, c lc phi b nh, b nc m lu lc qu ngi, n nh u . . . khng ? Su mi bn qu l su mi bn thi, v ba trm tm mi bn ho l ba trm tm mi bn han cnh. By nhiu m kho suy ra th c th p dng vo mi vic trong i c: t vic can ngn cha m, suy ra vic can ngn b trn hay bn b, cch dit tiu nhn cng l cch dit ci c, c thn trng, lo xa cn cho mt c nhn ra sao th cng cn cho mt quc gia nh vy trong sut thi ng thnh . . . - N cho ta bi hc t cng bt tc (cn) kin nhn, khng lc no qun vic tu
thn, luyn ti c cho un sc (i sc) mi ngy thm mt cht (tim), tin hai gp thi th gip nc, khng bao gi t b trch nhim, m khng cu danh li. - N bit rng c dng th c m, c thnh th c suy, vic i thnh ri bi, bi ri thnh, khng bao gi ht, lc xong vic l lc vic mi bt u, sinh l bt u t, t l bt u sinh, n bit vy, Nhng n khng chn nn, thy vic phi th c lm, theo o trung chnh . Mt cuc sng nh vy nghim tc bit bao. Nhng n khng nh Khng t Tri k bt kh v nhi vi chi n hu vi c mc , gi mc trung, thy thi cn c th lm c th lm, khng th hy tm n nhn ch thi, ch thi m khng bung xui, khng b ch hng. N bit gi tr ca hng cao s, v mt l g khng d c vo vic i th lm nh con chim hng bay bng trn chn tng my. Mt cuc i nh vy p bit bao ! m ai bo c l v ch? - Nht l n rt lc quan. N thc t nn nhn thy trong x hi nhiu cnh nghch hn cnh thun, v mi xt, chng ta tng nh vy l bi quan. Khng phi n an i ta rng trong ho np phc, suy ri s thnh, cho nn nhng qu ngha xu nht th ho cui li thng tt nht, nh mc trn ti ni. Trong ho np phc th trong phc cng np ho, cho nn n khuyn ta gp thi thnh nn thn trng phng, trnh ho sau ny, ch n khng bo ta ng nn hng phc. Tinh thn lc quan hin r c trong cch qun t chin u vi tiu nhn. Dch khng ght tiu nhn, v c tiu nhn mi c qun t, c m mi c dng, c thin th c c khng sao dit ht c c, cuc chin u vi c, vi tiu nhn khng bao gi chm dt. N khuyn ta thi bnh thng phi khoan dung n hu vi tiu nhn ( qu Lm) ; m vn sng sut , thy chng l d tm th ch ng ngay ( qu Cu) Nhng khi tiu nhn mnh, c thi th phi bit ty han cnh m i ph mt cch thn trng: bc u, tnh th cha kh khn, c c cu vn c phn no th hnh ng ( qu Trun); Khi nguy ri ( qu Kin v qu Khn) th nn ch thi m vn gi c trung chnh; tuy nhin nu c ngi no quyt tm hy sinh, chng chi mt cch tuyt vng cu dn cu nc (ho 2 qu Kin) th vn qu, phc. Ti lc tiu nhn bt u suy th an kt nhau li m tn cng (qu Ty) ch ng chng (qu i sc) v sau cng dit chng (qu Qui). Dch li nhc ta rng trong m tiu nhn vn c nhng ngi l lm nhng bit phc thin, kho dn d th h s tr v ng chnh ( qu Phc); m trong vic chin u vi tiu nhn, c nhng tiu nhn b ng ca chng m v vi phe qun t ( ho 3, ho 5 qu Bc); cn trong phe qun t mi u cng c ngi thn cn vi tiu nhn ri sau ci qu (ho 3 1 Qui), cng quyt b chng theo chnh ngha. Cui cng phe qun t thng m khng bao gi ht ngi qun t ( ho 6 qu Bc). C ngi cho rng Dch sp t cho t c mt kt qu tt p nh vy l thin v vi phe qun t, v qu lc quan. C th l thin v vi qun t v chc chn l lc quan. Lc quan l tinh thn ca dn tc Trung Hoa: truyn tu no cng c hu (Hang thin bt ph ho tm nhn m !) nhng ta cng phi nhn rng nhng vic k trong my qu dn trn y xy ra bt thng, khng phi l tng tng: trong cuc khng Php ri khng M va ri khng thiu g ch b
hng ng m theo mnh, m cng khng thiu g ngi mnh mi u theo ch ri sau tr v vi t quc v rt cuc chnh ngha thng. Cuc chin u gia qun t vi tiu nhn l cuc chin u gia thin v c. Lo cho rng trong thin nhin khng c g thin, khng c g c, tri t thn nhin, coi vn vt nh ch rm: Dch tri li cho tri t, c cng sinh thnh nui nng vn vt; nhng mi u cng ch phn bit ci hung, khng phn bit thin c, khng cho dng l thin, m l c. V sau, Vn Vng v Chu Cng mi cho dng l qun t , m l tiu nhn. Nhng qun t v tiu nhn thi ch l ngi cm quyn v dn thng: ti thy tc gi Thon Truyn v Tng Truyn mi c ngha l ngi thin, ngi c; nh vy l b ci thi , ci v tr han tan theo thin nhin m tr v vi loi ngi, vi thc t. Thin thng c th c lc c cng thng thin, c Dch ai cng hiu iu , Nhng Dch nhn vo trng hp thin c, ch v Dch mun cho ta bi hc t cng, trng chnh ngha v lc quan. Ai theo c bi hc th thnh ngi qun t . Dch mun o to hng ngi qun t khuyn khch tiu nhn ci t qui chnh ( qu Bc) Dch v qun t mu l ngha vy. Cho nn ti cho o Dch l o ca ngi qun t . Mt sch bi c nhng li tin on linh nghim m c c mt dn tc coi l mt cun kinh, qu l xng ng. Hin tng c nht trong lch s trit hc nhn loi.
Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)
BIU 64 QU DCH
THNG THIN
THY
05
SN
I TRNG 34 GII 40 TIU QU 62 THUN CHN 51 HNG 32 PHONG 55
LI
PHONG
HA
THI 11 S 07 KHIM 15 PHC 24 THNG 46 MINH DI 36
TRCH
43
H THIN

LI
THUN CN 01 TNG 06 N 33 V VNG 25 CU 44 NG NHN 13
NHU
I SC 26 MNG 04 CN 52 DI 27 C 18 B 22
TIU SC 09 HON 59 TIM 53 CH 42 THUN TN 57 GIA NHN 37
I HU 14 V T 64 L 56 PH HP 21 NH 50 THUN LI 30
QUI
THY
THUN KHM 29 KIN 39 TRUN 03 TNH 48 K T 63
KHN 47 HM 31 TY 17 I QU 28 CCH 49
SN
PHONG
HA

TRCH
B 12 L 10
T 08 TIT 60
BC 23 TN 41
D 16 QUY MUI 54
QUN 20 TRUNG PHU 61
TN 35 KHU 38
THUN KHN 02 LM 19
TU 45 THUN OI 58
PHN HAI KINH V CHUYN

DCH V GING KINH THNG (Gm 30 qu u) Trong phn II ny ti s chp ch Hn, phin m v dch trn phn Kinh gm Than t tc li an mi qu ca Vn Vng; v Ho t, tc li on mi ho ca Chu Cng. Than T v Ho T rt gn, ch ghi li t ch, nh mt th aide memoitre cho ngi c d nh thi (chng hn Than T qu Trung phu s 61 (1). Ho t ho 4 qu B s 22 (2); v vy rt ti ngha, phi c li ging mi hiu c, v di mi li dch, ti s thm li ging. ging Than t, d nhin ti phi cn c trc ht vo Than truyn v i tng truyn; ging Ho t, ti cn c trc ht vo Tiu tng truyn; Ti s khng dch trn Than truyn v Tng truyn (i v Tiu) m ch tm tt ngha v trch dn mt s cu quan trng cho xen vo li ging. Ring v hai qu Cn v Khn, ti trch dn thm Vn ngn truyn, v trong mt s qu khc, ti cng lc c dng li bnh lun trong H t truyn m ti s dch trn v t sau phn kinh. Ti li tham kho thm nhng ch gii ca Chu Hi, li ging ca Phan Bi Chu, i khi ca James Legge, ca Richard Wilhem, ca Cao Hanh, Nghim Linh Phong v vi nh khc na. u mi qu ti dn mt cu trong T qui truyn cho bit v l do g c nhn sp qu tip theo qu trc, ni cch khc, l cho bit s lin lc gia ca qu v qu trc. Tm li, nh vy l trong by truyn: Than truyn, Tng truyn, H t truyn, Vn ngn truyn, T qui truyn, Thuyt qui truyn, Tp qui truyn, ti dng nm truyn u ging phn kinh, cho xen vo phn kinh, nhng ch dch trn H t truyn thi; cn hai truyn Thuyt qui v Tp qui th khng dng ti. Ch trng ca ti ging ch trng ca c Phan Bi Chu, ch trng v ngha trit l, nht l v nhn sinh quan, m coi nh phn bi tan, phn huyn b. Nh
vy l phin din, khng hp vi bn ca nhng ngi u tin t ra kinh dch, nhng hp vi t tng ca Dch hc phi, tc ca mt s hc gi chu nh hng ca Nho. Lo thi Chin Quc v san Than truyn, tng truyn, Vn ngn truyn mt phn H t truyn lm cho Kinh Dch thnh mt tc phm trit l quan trng ngang vi cc kinh khc thi Tin Tn; v nu n ch l mt sch bi nh hi u , th dn tc Trung Hoa tt khng gi n l mt kinh v coi n l mt mn hc trong cc k thi cho mi ti cui th k trc. Ti khng c tham vng nghin cu Kinh dch, ch tm hiu c ti u rn chp li ti y mt cch gn v sng gip cc bn khng bit ch Hn m mun c Kinh Dch. Bn ti tham kho nhiu nht l bn ca c Phan Bi Chu (Khai Tr 1969) m ti cho l bn ging k nht t trc n nay. Ch tic c c li ging ca mt thy trc mt nhm mn sinh c vn Hn hc kha kh ri, cho nn hi rm r v nhiu bn tr ngy nay khng hiu c ht, nht l bn ca nh Khai Tr st nhiu li in qu, m khng nh chnh nn cng kh hiu. Phn dch ny ca ti c th ni l ch din li phn ging ca c cho gn hn d hiu, d nh, v thm vi kin ca cc nh khc, th thi.
TR LI BIU I. Qu Thun Cn Ni qui, ngoi qui u l Cn.
: , , , . Cn: Nguyn, Hanh, Li, Trinh. Dch : Cn (c bn c c tnh): u tin v ln, hanh thng, thch ng, chnh v bn. Ging: Vn Vng cho rng bi c qu ny th rt tt, hanh thng, c li v tt gi vng c cho ti lc cui cng. V sau, tc gi Than truyn (tng truyn l Khng t , nhng khng chc), cho qu ny mt ngha v v tr, Cn gm su ho u l dng c, c ngha rt cng kin, tng trng cho tri. Tri c c nguyn v l ngun gc ca vn vt; c c hanh v lm ra my, ma cho vn vt sinh trng n v cng, c c li v trinh v bin ha, khin cho vt g cng gi c bm tnh c nguyn kh cho thi ha (cc ha) . Bc thnh nhn ng u mun vt, theo o Cn th thin h bnh an v s.
Tc gi Vn Ngn truyn cho qu ny thm mt ngha na v nhn sinh, o c. Cn tng trng cho ngi qun t . ngi qun t c bn c. Nhn, c ln nht, gc ca lng ngi , tc nh c nguyn ca tri. L, l hp vi o l, hp vi o l th hanh thng, cho nn l tc nh c hanh ca tri. Ngha, c ny lm cho mi ngi c vui v sung sng, tc nh c li ca tri. Tr, l sng sut, bit r th ph, c bit th phi mi lm c mi vic cho nn n l c ct cn, cng nh c trinh chnh v bn ca tri. Nguyn, hanh, li , trinh m ging thnh nhn, l , ngha, tr, (bn c chnh ca o Nho) th r l chu nh hng nng ca Nho gia m ngha v cng dng ca Dch thay i kh nhiu ri. Tr ln trn l cch hiu ca tin Nho, cc nh Nho chnh thng. Cn vi cch hiu mi m hn ca mt s hc gi gn y, nh phng Hu Lan, To Thng, Cao Hanh m phn I, Chng IV, chng ti ghi li ri. Ho t :
T y tr xung l Ho t, li Chu Cng on v mi ho. : S cu: Tim long vt dng.

Dch : ho 1 dng: Rng cn n nu, cha (em ti ra) dng c. Ging: Ngi Trung Hoa cho con rng l thn vt, rt bin ha, lc n lc hin, m li thuc v lai dng, cho nn chu Cng dng n cho ta d thy ngha cc ho u l dng c - trong qu Cn. Ho 1, di thp nht, cho nn v n vi con rng cn np di vc su, cha th lm my bin ha c, cn phi i thi. ngha rt r, Tiu tng truyn khng ging g thm. Cn Vn Ngn truyn th bn rng ra v cch s s ca bc thnh nhn, ngi qun t : cha gp thi th nn tu c, luyn ti, khng v th tc m i ch, khng cu danh, n, khng ai bit mnh cng khng bun, khng g lay chuyn c ch ca mnh. : Cu nh: Hin long ti in, li kin i nhn. Dch: Ho 2, dng: rng hin cnh ng, ra mt i nhn th li. Ging: ho 2 l dng, gia ni qui l c trung, nh vy l gp thi, ti c gip ch cho i c: li thm ho ng vi n l ho 5, cng l dng, cng c trung (v gia ngai qui); cho nn ho 2 c th v vi con rng ri vc m hin ln cnh ng; m cng nh ngi c ti c gp thi, nn kin i nhn). Vn ngn: khuyn ngi c ti c gp thi ny nn gi c tn, c thn trng trong ngn, hnh, trnh t by, gi lng thnh, gip i m khng khoe cng, nh vy l gi c c trung chnh ca ho 2. : , . , . Cu tam: Qun t chung nht cn cn, tch dch nhc. L, v cu.
Dch: ho 3, dng: Ngi qun t mi ngy hng hi t cng, n ti vn cn thn trng nh lo s. Nguy him, nhng khng ti li. Ging: Ho 3 l dng li v ngi dng, nh vy l rt cng, m khng c trung. Hn na, n trn cng ni qui m cha tin ln ngai qui, ngha l mt ch chng chnh, rt kh x, cho nn bo l nguy him (l). Nhng n vn l qun t, c c t cng khng ngng, rt thn trng, lc no cng nh lo s, cho nn tuy gp thi nguy m cng khng n ni ti li. Vn ngn bn thm: ngi qun t gi trung tn tin c; sa li ni (lp ngn) vng lng thnh lp s nghip . . .nh vy m thu c o l, gi c iu ngha lm c s nghip ti cng, a v cao m khng kiu, a v thp m khng lo (coi tan vn phn I, Chng II . .. )Li khuyn cng ta nh li khuyn ho 2 : , , . Cu t: Hoc dc, ti uyn, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, dng: nh con rng c khi bay nhy, c khi nm trong vc (bit ty thi nh th th) khng lm li. (C ngi dch l nh con rng c khi bay nhy trn vc su, khng lm li). Ging: Ho 4 l dng v (ngi) m, nh vy l bt chnh v bt trung; n li cng nh ho 3 a v chng chnh, mi ri ni qui tin ln ngai qui, tin cha chc tt m thai th d dang. Cho nn phi thn trng xem xt thi c, nn tin th tin (nh con rng bay nhy) nu khng th ch thi (con rng nm trong vc), cho nn Chu Cng dng ch hoc: khng nht nh. Tuy bt chnh, bt trung nh n c cht cng kin (ho dng trong qu Cn) nn cng nh ho 3 l bc qun t , bit gi t cch, bit ty thi, v rt cuc khng c li. Ho ny ch khc ho 3 ch n c th tin c, cn ho 3 cha th tin c. Vn ngn khng ging g khc, ch khuyn ngi qun t tin c tu nghip, chun b cho kp thi c lc ra gip i. : , . Cu ng: Phi long ti thin, li kin i nhn. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Rng bay trn tri, ra mt k i nhn th li. Ging : Ho 5 l dng v (ngi) dng cao nht trong qu li c trung ( gia ngai qui), nh vy l c nhng iu tt,va cao qu va chnh trung. N li c ho 2 di ng vi n, m ho 2 cng cng kin, c trung nh n. N l ho tt nht trong qu , cho nn v n vi con rng bay trn tri, v ngi ca n l ngi ch tn (ngi vua). Ch i nhn (ngi c ti c) tr c ho 5 ln ho 2: hai i nhn hai ho nn gp nhau, hp lc vi nhau th c li. Vn ngn ging thm rt r v hay v bn ch li kin i nhn: ng thanh tng ng, ng kh tng cu; nc chy xung thp, la bn ti ch kh; my bay theo rng, gi bay theo cp, thnh nhn xut hin m vn vt u trng vo () Mi vt u theo loi ca n (ng thanh tng ng, ng kh tng cu; thy lu thp, ha tu to, vn tng long, phong tng h, thnh nhn tc nhi vn vt () cc ty k loi d).
. Thng cu: Khng long hu hi. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: Rng ln cao qu, c hi hn. Ging: ho dng ny trn cao ca qu , cng kin n cng ri, nh con rng bay ln cao qu, khng xung c na, nu vn cn hnh ng th s c iu ng tic, v l thnh qu th tt suy, y th khng c lu, (doanh bt kh cu). Vn ngn : ging thm: Ho 5 a v rt qu (v trn cao hn ht) nhng khng c ngi, cao m khng c dn (v ho 5 l vua mi c dn), cc ngi hin di mnh m khng gip mnh (v ho 3 tuy ng vi ho 6 nhng li ni qui, m gia ho 3 v ho 6 c ho 5 l vua lm ch ho 3 ri) cho nn ho 6 m hat ng th tt c iu phi n nn. (Li ging trong Vn ngn, tc gi H T truyn dn li trong thin thng, Chng VIII, Tit 9). Tm li thi ca ho ny l thi khng nn hat ng g c, sm rt lui i th cn gi c t cch ngi qun t . Dng cu: Kin qun long v th. Ct. Dch: (ngha tng ch) Dng ho dng: thy by rng khng c u, tt. Ch thch: chu Hi ging: Gp qu Cn ny m su ho (dng) u bin (ra m) c, tc l cng m bin ra nhu, th tt. Thnh nhn dng ci tng by rng (su ho dng) m khng u (tc l nhu) din . J. Legge, R. Wilhelm u hiu theo Chu Hi m khng ging g thm. Duy Phan Bi Chu a thm kin ring, i bo Dng cu khng phi l mt ho. qun long v th l su ho dng u bin c. Con rng hot ng khc thng l ct ci u. Su ho dng bin (ra m) ht th khng cn hnh tch hat ng na, cho nn gi l rng khng u. Nhng c cng nhn rng ch l mt ch m gii thch ngha en thi, ch ci thm diu ca thnh nhn th su xa huyn b qu Ngha l li kinh ti ngha qu, c khng hiu ni. - Cao Hanh hiu khc, bo by rng khng u, ngha l by rng bay ln tri, u b my che, nn ch thy mnh v ui. l ci tng rng ci my ln tri, tt. Cch ging d hiu, nhng hai ch dng cu c ngha g y, phi l mt ho mi khng, th ng khng cho bit. C theo cch ng ging dng lc ca qu Khn coi qu sau cho dng lc l mt ho, th chc ng cng cho dng cu ca qu Cn l mt ho. Nu vy th ho ny ra sao? C phi l c su ho ca qu u t dng bin ra m, nh Chu Hi ging khng ? - To Thng gii ngha khc na: Cu l ho dng bin; dng l li dng, v th l khng c u mi. o Cn (qun long) vn hnh, bin ha k diu, vn vt nh m thnh cng, nhng ci l do n khng th thy c (v th), h dng n hp thi th tt. Vy c h To khng cho dng cu l mt ho, m ch c ngha l cch dng qu Cn. - Chu Tun Thanh trong Lc thp t qui kinh gii C tch xut bn x a ra mt cch gii na cho Dng cu l tm li ngha ca su ho thun dng, Thun dng l ci c ca tri, l gc ca vn vt khng c g trc n c, trc n th xu, theo sau n th tt. l ngha ca hai ch v th Ngha
ny theo ti, kh chp nhn c. - Nghim Linh Phong trong Chu Dch tn lun Chnh trung th cc dn nhiu thuyt na. Thuyt ca Vng An Thch, Khit, cho cu: dng cu: Kin qun long v th, ct khng phi l mt tit ring m ch l tip theo tit Thng cu Thuyt ca Ng Nhn Kit, bo cc bn Dch thi c, cho n i Phi Trc nh Hn khng c hai ch Dng cu, i sau thm vo v.v. . . Tm li cu dng cu . . ny, ti nay vn cn l mt b mt, khng ai hiu r ngha, tan l an phng. Nu coi n l mt ho th by tc trng hp c 6 qu Cn bin mt ln ra m ht, th trng hp c c triu ln cha chc xy ra mt (1), cc sch bi, an s khng khi no dng n c. V trit l, th ngha ca n chng c g c bit, cng ch l bit cng m cng bit nhu, hp thi mi tt. PH LC Di y chng ti trch dn vi cch gii ho 1 qe Cn ca mt s hc gi gn y, c gi so snh. - Chu Tun Thanh (sch dn) rng c 81 ci vy ! chn ln chn, cho nn dng n tng trng ho dng. Rng ti tit xun phn th ln tri, tit thu phn th np di vc. Ho dng v tr 1, tc l thng ging theo lch nh chu, thng t. Kh dng lc mi ng sui vng (hang tuyn) cha manh nha, cn tim phc, nh ngi c thnh c gia m ngi ngu . . .cho nn cha dng c, ti c cha thi th c. - To Thng (sch dn). ngi thi c thy con rng kho bin ha, cho n l thn k, dng n i biu nng lc. Nu ly ch long (rng) lm ch nng (lc) m ging th con rng di vc khng dng c, v nng lc n cn tim phc, cha hin, cha sinh tc dng c (. . .) Dng ci php ca ho m ging th ho 1 di ho 2, ho 2 cha ng th ho 1 khng th ng trc. Ho 1 bin ng qu Cn ny thnh qu Cu (trn l Thin, di l Phong) th cng ch l mi gp m (?)m thi, cho nn bo l rng cn n nu, cha dng c (Cu c ngha l gp). - Cao hanh (sch dn) Ti ch trch cu cui: con rng cn n di vc m khng hin, c ci tng tnh m khng ng. Bi c qu ny th khng nn thi hnh. Chng ti khng bit cc hc gi Trung Hoa gn y cn nhng cch ging no mi m hn khng, ch ba cch trn khng k g hn cch ca ngi xa, m cng chng pht huy thm c g. TR LI BIU
2. Qu Thun Khn Ni qui, ngoi qui u l Khn.
: , , , . Khn: Nguyn, hanh , li, tn m chi trinh. Qun t hu du vng, tin m hu c, ch li. Ty nam c bng, ng bc tng bng. An trinh, ct. Dch: Khn c c u tin v ln, hanh thng, thch ng, c chnh v bn ca con nga ci. Ngi qun t c vic lm m th xng th lm, ngi khc th xng m mnh theo sau th c. ch ct li ch cho vn vt. i v pha ty nam th c bn, v pha ng bc th mt bn. An lng gi c bn vng, tt. Ging : Qu Cn gm 6 ho dng, qu Khn gm 6 ho m. Cn tng (1) tri th khng tng t. Cn cng kin th Khn nhu thun. Cn to ra vn vt v hnh, thuc phn kh; nhng phi nh Khn vn vt mi hu hnh, mi sinh trng, cho nn cng ca Khn cng ln nh cng ca Cn; ch khc Khn phi sau Cn, ty theo Cn, b tc cho Cn; cho nn cc c nguyn, hanh, li, Khn c nh Cn; ch ring v c trinh (chnh v bn) th Khn hi khc: tuy chnh v bn nhng phi thun. Vn Vng dng con nga ci tng Khng: nga l ging mnh m nga ci c tnh thun theo nga c. Cng v Khn c c thun, cho nn khi xng phi l Cn, Khn ch tip tc cng vic ca Cn. Ngi qun t nu vo a v khn, phi ty thuc ngi trn th lm vic cng ng nn khi xng khi lm ln, ch ngi ta khi xng ri mi theo th c vic, nh vy l c c dy nh t, ch c mun vt, ln cng khng km c ca tri (Cn): Qun t d t cng bt tc l bi hc rt ra t qu Cn. Chu cng cn khuyn i v pha Ty Nam v trn Hu thin bt qui Khn pha Ty nam (c hc gi hiu l pha Ty v pha Nam) th c bn (hoc c tin bc, v ch bng c th hiu l bng hu, cng c th hiu l bng bi: bi l v s ngao xa dng lm tin, 1 bng l 2 hoc 10 bi) nu i v pha ng bc thuc dng th mt bn (hoc tin bc). c qu ny, nn theo nhng li khuyn m an lng, gi c bn vng th tt. Cu Qun t hu du vng, tin m hu c c ngi hiu l: Ngi qun t c i u th trc lm sau ng, m khng ging ti sao li nh vy. Hiu nh chng ti trn th c l hn, lm r ci o thun tng th tt ca Khn. Ch du trong kinh Dch thng dng nh ch s Tc gi Vn Ngn khng ging g thm ch tm tt li: o Khn l thun theo tri m tin hnh khng ngng. Ho t: 1) : ,
S lc: L sng, kin bng ch. Ging: y l ho m u tin trong qu. m th lnh, nn Chu Cng v vi sng lnh mi kt li th thnh sng, ri ln ln, lnh hn, nc s ng li thnh bng. Hao ny c hm ci phi thn trng t bc u. Tiu tng truyn khng ging thm, cn Vn ngn truyn th khuyn ta: Nh no tch ly iu lnh th tt c tha phc ( n i sau); nh no tch ly iu chng lnh th tt c tha tai v ( n i sau). Nh vic b ti git vua, con git cha, nguyn do khng trong mt bui sm chiu; tt dn d c t lu ri, m ngi ta khng bit lo toan t sm vy (tch thin ch gia tt hu d khch, tch bt thin chi gia tt hu d ng: Thn th k qun, t th k ph, phi nht triu nht tch chi c, k s do lai gi tim h. Do bin chi bt to bin d). Chng ta : ho 1 qu Cn, Dch ch khuyn c n, tu c luyn ti ch thi; cn ho 1 qu Khn ny. Dch rn phi phng t u, nu khng s gp ha; nh vy Dch tin Dng hn o m, trng Dng hn m . 2) : , Lc nh: trc phng i, bt tp v bt li. Dch: Ho 2, m (c ca mnh) thng, vung, ln th chng phi hc tp m cng khng c g l khng li. Ging: Ho ny rt tt: th l m, v cng l m ( ho chn), th l c chnh, cho nn bo l c c thng (trc) n li c trung, ( gia ni qui) cho nn bo l vung vc (phng) (1) n li trong qu Khn, c qui m ln, nn chng cn hc tp kh khn m hnh ng no cng hp o l. Vn ngn ging thm: ngi qun t mun nh ho 2 ny m ngay thng trong lng th phi c c kinh; vung ngai (khi tip vt) th phi c c ngha. C hai c knh, ngha th s khng c lp (?). Nguyn vn: bt c, Chu Hi ging l to ln, tc c cho rng: Knh th trc, ngha th phng. C knh v phng th l i. Chng ti hiu theo cu: c bt c, tt hu ln (ngi c c th khng l loi, tt c bn cng trng o c nh mnh (bn y l ho 5, ng vi 2) khng bit c ng khng. 3) : , , Lc tam: hm chng kh trinh, hoc tng vng s, v thnh hu chung. Dch: Ho 3, m: Ngm cha (ng l ra) c tt m gi vng c, c khi theo ngi trn m lm vic nc, ng chim ly s thnh cng th sau cng s c kt qu. Ging: Ho 3 l m m vo a v dng (l), nh vy l khng chnh, nhng n vn c c nhu thun ca qu Khn, thm c tnh cng kin ca v dng, th li l tt (y l l bin ha ca Dch). N ng trn cng ni qui, tc c th c chc phn, cho nn bo l c lc theo b trn lm vic nc. Nhng n nn nhn, nhu thun (c ca Khn) ch lm trn ngha v m ng chim ly s thnh cng th sau cng s c kt qu. Vn ngn bn thm: Ngm cha c tt, theo ngi trn lm vic m khng dm chim ly s thnh cng, l o ca t, ca v, ca b ti (a o, th o, thn o). l cch c x ca ngi di i vi ngi trn. 4) : , , . Lc cu: qut nang, v cu, v d. Dch: Ho 4 m: nh ci ti tht ming li, (kn o gi gn) th khi ti li m cng khng danh d.
Ging: ho 4 l m a v m trong mt qu tan m, m khng c trung nh ho 2, v nh ngi qu nhu thun, v ti, khng c cht cng cng no. vy, m st ho 5, tc l c a v mt i thn, ti thp m a v cao, nn phi thn trng th mi khi ti li, an thn, mc du khng c danh d g. Ho 4 qu Cn cng a v nh ho ny, nhng l dng, c ti nng, nn cn c th bay nhy, tin c (hoc dc), khc nhau ch . Vn ngn cho ho ny c ci tng m c tuyt dng (v khng c cht dng no c t bn th ti v), nh vy l m dng cch tuyt nhau, tri t khng giao nhau (thin a b), lc hin nhn nn n (hin nhn n), rt thn trng th khng b tai ha. 5) : , . Lc ng: hong thng, nguyn ct. Dch : ho 5, m: nh ci xim mu vng, ln, tt (rt tt). Ging Ho 5 l ho ch tn trong qu , c trung. Tuy n khng c chnh v l m m v dng; nhng trong qu Khn,nh vy li tt v c cht cng, khng thun m, thun nhu, nh ho 4, tc l c ti, nhng vn l Khim nhu (v l m). m cn hm vn v na, tri vi dng cng kin l v. Cho nn Chu Cng cho l ho ny rt tt, v tng bng ci xim mu vng. Vng l mu ca t, ca trung ng (hm khng thi qu, khng bt cp) ca vng, ng, nn ngi Trung Hoa thi xa rt qu, ch vua cha mi c dng mu vng trong y phc. xim l mt b phn y phc pha di, p , hm ci ngha khim h, khng t tn. Vn ngn bn thm: ngi qun t c c trung (mu vng) trong m thng sut o l, ngi cao m vn khim, t coi mnh th di (nh ci xim); nh vy l cht tt p bn trong m pht ra b ngai, lm nn s nghip ln, tt p nh vy l cng cc. Nh vy Dch tuy coi m (Khn) khng qu bng dng (Cn), nhng c lc coi trng c khim nhu, m Dch cho l c ca ngi vn minh. Tinh thn l tinh thn hiu ha, trng vn hn v. Ho 5 qu Cn, Chu Cng cho l i qu (long phi ti thin) nhng ch bo: Li kin i nhn; cn ho 5 qu khng th khen lnguyn ct ho tt nht trong Kinh Dch, l c ngha vy. 6) : , . Lc thng: Long chin vu d, k huyt huyn hong. Dch: Ho trn cng m : Nh rng nh nhau ng ni, mu en mu vng. Ging: ho ny m ln ti im cc thnh. m dng tuy b tc nhau, nhng bn th vn l ngc nhau, i ch nhau. Khi m cc thnh, dng cng vy ( ho 6 qu Cn) th hai bn tt tranh nhau, v c hai u b hi. o n l cng ri. cng vn ci ngha thnh cc th suy nh ho 6 qu Cn. Vn ngn: khng ging g khc, ch cho bit rng huyn hong: l sc ca tri t, m dng . Cao Hanh ng rng hai ch [ ] thi xa dng nh hai ch [ ] (v c nh nhau) v c ngha l chy rng rng. Khng r thuyt no ng, nhng i vn l tai hi c cho hai bn. 7) : . Dng lc: Li vnh trinh.
Dch: (ngha tng ch) dng ho m: phi (nn) lu di, chnh v bn. Ging: Hai ch dng lc y cng nh hai ch dng cu qu Cn rt ti ngha, v cu 7 ny mi nh ging mt khc. Di y ti ch a ra ba thuyt: Thuyt ca tin nho: su ho m bin ra su ho dng, tc Thun khn bin thnh Thun Cn, nh mt ngi nhu nhc bin ra mt ngi cng cng, cho nn bo l: phi (nn) lu di, chnh v bn. Thuyt ca Cao Hanh: hi v vic ct hay hung lu di, m c ho ny th li. Thuyt ca To Thng: Khn thun theo Cn cho nn gi l li; Khng ng th m ra, tnh th ng li. Cho nn bo chnh v bn, mun ni: o Khn n gin m tc tc thnh vn vt. Ch : ch hai qu Cn v Khn l c Vn ngn truyn, Dng Cu v dng Lc; t qu sau tr i khng cn nhng tit na. TR LI BIU 3. QU THY LI TRUN Ngai qui ( trn) l Khm, ni qui ( di) l Chn. Khm l thy (m cng l vn: my), chn l li (sm) cho nn qu ny gi l Thy li (hoc Vn Li), c ngha l Trun
Theo T qui truyn th s d sau hai qu Cn, Khn ti qu Trun l v c tri t ri vn vt tt sinh si ny n y khp, m lc sinh si l lc kh khn. Ch Trun [] c c hai ngha : y v kh khn : , , , , , Trun: Nguyn, hanh, li , trinh, vt dng hu du vng, li kin hu. Dch: Gp lc gian trun, c th hanh thng lm (nguyn hanh), nu gi vng iu chnh (tri vi t) v ng tin vi, m tm bc hin thn gip mnh (kin hu l c mt ngi gii ln tc hu). Ging: Than truyn v i tng truyn ging i nh sau: Tng qu ny l sm (Chn) di m trn ma (Khm), tc c ngha ng trong chn him, (Khm l nc c ngha l him tr) (1) cho nn c ngha l trun. Li thm: ni qui c mt ho dng (cng) hai ho m (nhu); ngai qui cng th; nh vy l cng nhu, dng m bt u giao nhau sinh vn vt ml c u bao gi cng gian nan: trun. Trong lc gian nan m hnh ng th c th tt, nhng phi kin nhn gi iu chnh; ng vi hnh ng m trc ht nn tm ngi ti gii gip mnh. Ngi ti ng ra cng ng lc u (ngi mnh ct nhc ln tc hu) l ho 1
dng . Dng th cng, c ti; ho 1 li l ho ch yu torng ni qui (chn) c ngha hat ng. bui u gian nan th c ngi , t nh lp c mt an th c nhiu ngi c ti kinh lun, th mi vic s lm c tt. l ngha qu Trun. Ho T: : , , S cu: Bn hon, li c trinh, li kin hu. Dch: Ho 1, dng : cn dng dng, gi c iu chnh th li, c t ln tc hu (ngha l c giao cho vic gip i lc gian trun) th li. Ging: Nh trn ti ni, ho ny l dng, tng ngi c ti, li c chnh v dng dng v, cho nn gi c iu chnh v c li; sau cng n l dng m li di hai ho m trong ni qui, c ci tng khim h, c lng dn. Vy l ngi qun t mi u tuy cn do d, sau s c giao cho trng trch gip i. : , , , Lc nh: Trun nh, chuyn nh, tha m ban nh. Ph khu hn cu, n t trinh bt t, thp nin ni t. Dch : ho 2, m : Khn n kh khn nh ngi ci nga cn dng dng ln qun (Nhng ho 1 kia) khng phi l k cp, ch l mun cu hn vi mnh thi. Mnh c gi vng ch, ng chu, mi nm na s kt hn (vi ho 5). Ging: Ho 2, m, va c trung ln c chnh, li ng vi ho 5 cng c trung c chnh trn, nh vy l tt. Ch him cch xa ho 5 m li st ngay trn ho 1, dng , b 1 nu ko, cho nn cn trong cnh trun chuyn (kh khn). Nhng ng ngi, ho 1 c t cch qun t , khng phi l k xu mun hm hi mnh, ch mun ci mnh thi (1 l dng, 2 l m). ng nhn li, c gi vng ch, mi nm na s kt hn vi ho 5. Ch t [ ] y ngha l g chng. Theo kinh L, con gi ti tui g chng th ci trm v t tn t. : , , , , Lc tam: Tc lc, v ngu, duy nhp vu lm trung. Qun t c, bt nh x, vng ln. Dch: Ho 3 m: ui hu m khng c th sn gip sc th ch v su trong rng thi (khng bt c). Ngi qun t hiu c s y th b i cn hn, c tp tc tin na th s hi hn. Ging: Ho 3 l m, dng v, bt chnh bt trung; tnh cht khng tt m vo thi trun; ho 6 trn cng l m nhu khng gip c g mnh, nh vy m c mun lm cn, nh ngi ham ui hu m khng c th sn gip (chn ng con hu, ui n ra khi rng cho mnh bt) th mnh c chy theo con hu m cng v su trong rng thi. B i l hn. : , , Lc t: Tha m ban nh. Cu hn cu, vng ct, v bt li. Dch: Ho 4, m: ci nga m dng dng. Cu bn trm nm (hay ng tm)
di ( xa) th khng g l khng tt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, c chnh l ngi tt nhng ti tm thng, gp thi Trun khng t mnh tin th c. Tuy gn ho 5, mun cu thn vi 5, nhng 5 ng vi 2 ri, th l 4 mun ln m khng c, nh ngi ci nga mun tin m dng dng. Chu Cng khuyn ho 4 nn cu hn vi ho 1 di th hn: (v 1 c ti c) m cng nhau gip i, khng g l khng li. Chng ta : cp 5-2 rt xng nhau, c hai u c chnh, c trung, rt p, cp 4-1 khng p bng: 4 bt trung, km 2; cho nn phi kt hp vi 1 di, 1 tuy di m c chnh, nh vy l xng i. l lut: d loi t, hp vi nhau th phi xng nhau, ng tm, ng o. : ; , Cu ng: Trun k cao; tiu trinh ct, i trinh hung Dch: Ho 5, dng: n trch khng ban b c (nguyn vn: du m (cao) khng trn (trun), chnh n vic nh th tt, vic ln th xu. Ging: Ho cu ng ny va chnh va trung, a v ch tn, ng l tt; nhng v trong thi gian trun (qu Trun) li gia ngai qui l Khm, him, nn ch tt va thi. Ho 2 tuy ng vi n nhng m nhu , khng gip c nhiu; li thm ho 1 di, c ti c, c lng dn, uy quyn gn nh ln 5, m n trch ca 5 khng ban b khp ni c. Cho nn 5 phi ln ln chnh n cc vic nh , ng vi lm vic ln m hng. Ngha l tuy c ti c, c a v, nhng cng phi i c th c thi na. : , Thng lc: Tha m ban nh, khp huyt lin nh. Dch: Ho trn cng m. Ci nga m dng dng, khc ti mu mt chy m a. Ging: Ho ny trn cng, l thi gian trun ti cc im. Nu l ho dng (c ti tr) th gian trun cng cc s bin thng; nhng ho ny l ho m, bt ti, bt tr, nhu nhc, ch bit ln lng nga ri m vn dng dng m khc n chy mu mt (Ho tuy ng vi ho 6 nhng cng m nhu, chng gip c g.) c xong ba qu u ny chng ta cng thy: th ca ho ch c: m v dng, v ca ho ch c 6: t ho s n ho thng; nhng ngha mi ho rt thay i, ty ngha ca trn qu, cho nn ho 1 dng qu Cn khng ging ho 1 dng qu Trun; ho 5 dng qu Trun cng khng ging ho 5 dng qu Cn; ho 2 m qu Khn khng ging ho qu Trun, ho 6 m qu Trun cng khng ging ho qe khn. ngha ca qu quyt nh ngha ca ho, ni cch khc: qu l ci thi chung ca cc ho, m ho l mi vic, mi hon cnh trong thi chung . TR LI BIU 4. Qu SN THY MNG Trn l Cn (ni) di l Khm (nc)
Qu s 3 l Trun, lc vn vt mi sinh. Lc vn vt cn non yu, m m, cho nn qu 4 ny l Mng. Mng c hai ngha: non yu v m m Thon t : : , , , , Mng: Hanh, Ph ng cu ng mng, ng mng cu ng. S ph co, ti tam c, c tc bt co. Li trinh. Dch: tr th c hanh thng. Khng phi ta tm tr th m tr th tm ta. Hi (bi) mt ln th bo cho, hi hai ba ln th l nhm, nhm th khng bo. Hp vi o chnh th li (thnh cng). Ging : Theo ngha ca qu th cn l ngng, Khm l him. trong (ni qui) th him, m ngoi (ngoi qui) th ngng, khng tin c, t ra m m, cho nn gi l Mng. Xt theo hnh tng th trn c ni (Cn), di chn ni c nc su (khm), cng c ngha ti tm (Mng). Cng c th ging l di chn ni c sui nc trong, tc nh hng ngi cn nh (khi thnh sng mi l ln), hng ng mng, cho nn gi qu ny l Mng (mng c ngha l non yu). c bit qu ny ch ch trng vo ho 2 v ho 5. Ho 2 l dng cng, c trung lm ch ni qui, ng l mt v thy cng ngh, khi mng (tc m mang ci ti tm) cho tr. Ho ng vi ho 5 m nhu thun m cng c trung, l tng hc tr ngoan. Vy l thy tr tng c, s hc hnh tt c kt qu tt, cho nn qu ny c c hanh thng. T cch ca thy cng, ca tr nhu, cho nn thy khng phi cu tr, m tr phi cu thy. V khi dy, tr hi mt ln th bo, nu hi 2, 3 ln th l nhm, khng bo. Gi c o chnh (hoc bi dng chnh ngha) th li thnh cng. Ho t : 1. : , , , S lc: pht mng, li dng hnh nhn, Dng thot cht cc, d vng ln. Dch: Ho 1, m: m mang ci ti tm (cho hng ngi hn m) th nn dng hnh pht ct cho h thot khi gng cm, nhng ng i qu mc s hi tic. Ging: Ho m ny v thp nht trong qu Mng l tng k hn m nht, phi dng hnh pht trng tr mi ci ci gng cm (v vt dc) cho h c; khi c kt qu ri th thi, ng qu dng hnh pht m s n hn. Ch : "dng hnh nhn", dch st l dng ngi coi v hnh, tc dng hnh pht. 2. Cu nh: Bao mng ct, np ph ct, t khc gia. Dch: Ho, dng: Bao dung k m ti, dung np hng ngi nhu m nh n b, tt; ( ngi di m gnh vc vic trn) nh ngi con cai qun c vic nh.
Ging: Ho 2 dng, cng cng, nhng c trung cho nn bo l c c bao dung; n lm ch ni qui, thng tr c bn ho m, cho nn bo n dung np c cc ho m, tc hng ngi nhu m nh n b, n di thp m li l ho quan trng nht trong qu, nn v n nh ngi con cai qun c vic nh. Tm li ho ny tt. Phan Bi Chu ging ba ch t khc giacch khc: C cho ho 5 a v tn trong qu trn (ngoi qui) tc nh cha trong nh, ho 2 di, tc nh con. Cha nhu nhc (v l m), con cng cng sng sut (v l dng), cm ha c cha m cha ht hn m, nh vy l con chnh l c vic nh. Cao Hanh ch ng v phng din bi, m khng ng v phng din o l, khng cho Kinh Dch c ngha trit l, x th, cho nn hiu khc hn: ging np ph l ci v cho con t khc gia l con thnh gia tht, l ci vic tt ca ngi lm bp mt khng c ng t (bao mng, theo ng l : bo mng, bo l ngi lm bp, mng l mt khng c ng t). i khi cch hiu ca Cao Hanh nh vy, xin n c lm th d. 3. : , Lc tam: Vt dng th n kin kim phu. Bt hu cung, v du li. Dch : ho 3, m: ng dng hng con gi thy ai c vng bc l (theo ngay) khng bit thn mnh na; chng c li g c. Ging: Ho 3 l m nhu ( trong qu Mng, l hn m) bt trung, bt chnh, cho nn v vi ngi con gi khng c nt, bt trinh, ham ca. M hng tiu nhn thy li qun ngha cng vy (m cn c ngha l tiu nhn). Phan Bi Chu cho ho ny xu nht; hng ngi ni trong ho khng ng dng, khng ng gio ha na. 4. : , , Lc t : Khn, mng, ln. Dch: Ho 4, m: B khn trong vng hn m, hi tic. Ging: Qu Mng ch c ho 2 v 6 l dng cng, c th ci m s hn m c, cn ho 4 kia u l m ht. Ho 4 ny cng hn m nh ho 3, nhng cn t hn ho 3 v xa ho 2 dng (ho 3 cn c gn ho 2 dng ), m chung quanh u l m ht (ho 3 v ho 5), nh b nht trong vng hn m, tt b khn s phi hi tic, xu h. Tiu tng truyn ging: n phi hi tic, xu h v ch mt mnh n trong s bn ho m l xa cc ho thc tc cc ho dng. Ho dng l nt lin, khng khuyt gia, nn gi l thc (c, y) ho m l vch t, khuyt gia nn gi l h ; thc tng trng ngi c lng tm h tng ngi khng c lng tm. 5. : Lc ng: ng mng ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: B con, cha bit g (nhng d dy), tt. Ging: ho 5 ny l ho m tt nht nh chng ti ni khi ging Than t ca Vn Vng, v n c c nhu (m) trung ( gia ngai qui), li ng vi ho 2 cng di, c th v n vi a tr d dy, bit nghe li thy (ho 2). Phan Bi Chu coi ho ny nh ng vua (v ngi cao qu nht trong qu) bit tn
nhim hin thn (ho 2). 6. : , . Thng cu: Kch mng bt li vi khu, li ng khu. Dch : Ho trn cng, dng : php tr ci ngu ti m nghim khc qu th k mnh dy d s phn ut, c th thnh gic, nh vy khng c li, ngn nga gic ngoi (tc nhng vt dc quyn r k ) th c li. Ging: Ho ny trn cng qu Mng, c ngha s ngu ti ti cng cc; n l dng, trn cng, m bt trung, cho nn tuy c ti m mang s ngu ti nhng qu nghim khc, lm cho k ngu ti phn ut, phn khng, bt tun gio ha, c th thnh gic, c hi (ch khu c c hai ngha: gic, c hi), nn tm cch ngn nga nhng vt dc quyn r n th hn; m c thy ln tr u thun o l (thng h thun d, Tiu tng truyn). Qu ny ni v cch gio ha, cn nghim (ho 1) nhng khng nn nghim khc qu m nn ngn nga li ca tr (ho 6). TR LI BIU 5. QU THY THIN NHU Trn l Khm (nc), di l Cn (tri)
Qu trn l Mng, nh th; nh th th cn c nui bng thc n, cho nn qu ny l Nhu. Ch Nhu ny [ ] l ch nhu trong nhu yu phm, nhng th cn thit, tc thc n. T qui truyn ging nh vy. Nhng Thon T th li gii thch khc: Nhu y cn c ngha na l ch i, v theo ci tng ca qu th phi hiu l ch i. Thon t : : , , , Nhu: Hu phu, quang hanh, trinh, ct. Li thip i xuyn. Dch: Ch i: c lng thnh thc tin tng, sng sa, hanh thng, gi vng iu chnh th tt. D gp vic him nh qua sng cng s thnh cng. Ging: Ni qui l Cn, cng kin, mun tin ln nhng gp ngoi qui l Khm (him) chn trn, nn phi ch i. Ho lm ch trong qu ny l ho 5 dng, v ch tn ( qu ny nn hiu l ngi ca tri theo Thon truyn) m li trung, chnh; cho nn c ci tng thnh thc, tin tng, sng sa, hanh thng; min l chu ch i th vic him g cng vt c m thnh cng. i tng truyn gii thch cng i khi nh vy: di l Cn, tri, trn l Khm, my (Khm cn c ngha l my); c ci tng my bao kn bu tri, th no cng ma; c n ung yn lc (m thc yn lc) yn vui di dng th xc v
tm ch m i lc ma . Ho t: 1. : , , . S cu: Nhu vu giao, li dng hng, v cu. Dch: Ho 1 l dng, cng kin, sng sut m xa ngoi qui l Khm, tc xa nc, xa ch him (cng nh cn ngai thnh, khng gn sng nc), ng nng ny xng vo ch him nn, c chu ch i th khng c li. Chu Cng khuyn nh vy v ho dng ny khng c trung m c mun tin. 2. : , , Cu nh: Nhu vu sa, tiu hu ngn, chung ct. Dch: Ho 2, dng: i bi ct, tuy c khu thit mt cht, nhng sau s tt. Ging: Ho ny gn qu Khm hn, v nh ti bi ct gn sng, cha ti ni sp him; m ho li c trung, cho nn tuy l dng cng m bit khn kho, ung dung, khng nng ny nh ho 1, cho nn d c iu ting nho nh, rt cuc cng vn tt. 3. : Cu tam: Nhu vu n, tr khu ch. Dch: Ho 3, dng : i ch bn ly, nh t mnh vi gic n. Ging: Ho ny st qu Khm, tuy cha sp xung nc, nhng ch bn ly ri; th ca n l dng cng, v ca n cng l dng, m li khng c trung, c ci tng rt to bo nng ny, lm cn, tc nh t n vi gic n, t gy tai ha cho n. Nu n bit knh cn, thn trng th cha n ni no, v tai ha vn cn ngoi ( ngoi qui) (theo tiu tng truyn). 4. : , Lc t: Nhu vu huyt, xut t huyt. Dch: Ho 4, m: nh ch i ch lu huyt m ri ra khi c. Ging: ho ny bt u vo qu Khm, tc ch him (nh vo ch git hi), nhng nh n l m, nhu thun li c chnh ( v m) , nn trnh c ha. 5. : , Cu ng: Nhu vu tu thc, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Ch i ch n ung no say (ch yn vui), bn gi c trung chnh th tt. Ging: Ho 5, a v tn qu, m l dng cng trung chnh, cho nn tt, nhng mun hnh phc c bn th phi gi c trung chnh. 6. : , , , Thng lc: Nhp vu huyt, hu bt tc chi khch tam nhn lai, knh chi, chung ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Vo ch cc him ri, nhng c ba ngi khch thng thng ti, bit knh trng h th sau c tt lnh. Ging: Ho ny trn cng ngai qui l Khm, cho nn bo l ch cc him. N c ho 3 di ng vi n, ho 3 l dng , ko theo c ho 1 v 2 cng l dng, cho nn ni l c 3 ngi khch s ti; h khng ti ngay c v h xa ho 6, cho nn ni l h thng thng s ti. Ho 6 m, c c Khim, nhu thun, bit trong v nghe theo ba v khch , cho nn cui cng s c h cu ra khi ch him m c tt lnh. Tiu tng truyn: bn thm: Tuy ho 6 khng xng v (bt ng v), nhng
khng n ni tht bi ln. Chu Hi hiu ch v , l ngi chn (m v) ; ho m m v, l ng ch sao li bt ng, cho nn ng bo l :cha hiu r (v tng). Phan Bi Chu hiu ch v l ngi cao hay thp; ho 6 trn cng, tc l ngi cao nht, m l m nhu, bt ti, cho nn bo bt ng l phi .
Qu ny ch cho ta cch x th khi ch i, ty ha gn hay xa, ct nht l ng nng ny, m phi gi trung chnh. Chng ta : ho 5 gia qu Khm, tc gia cn nguy him m Chu Cng vn cho l tt ch v ho cng m trung chnh, ngha l cng mt cch va phi, sng sut, chnh ng. TR LI BIU 6. QU THIN THY TNG Trn l Cn (tri), di l Khm (nc) ngc hn vi qu 5.
T qui truyn cho Nhu l n ung, cho nn ging rng v (vn ) n ung m ngi ta sinh ra tranh nhau, ri kin nhau, cho nn sau qu Nhu l qu Tng (c ngha l kin co) Thon t: , , Tng: Hu phu, trt, dch. Trung ct, chung hung Li kin i nhn, bt li thip i xuyn. Dch: Kin co v mnh tin thc m b oan c (trt), sinh ra lo s (dch). Nu gi o trung (bin bch c ri th thi) th tt lnh,nu kin cho n cng th xu. Tm c bc i nhn (cng minh) m nghe theo th ch c li, nu khng th nh li qua sng ln (nguy), khng c li. Ging: Theo tng qu ny c th ging: ngi trn ( qu Cn) l dng cng, p ch ngi di,m ngi di ( qu Khm) th m him, tt sinh ra kin co, hoc cho c trng qui ch l mt ngi, trong lng th nham him (ni qui l Khm), m ngoi th cng cng (ngoi qui l Cn), tt sinh s gy ra kin co. Thon t ca Chu Cng khng hiu hai cch m cho qu ny l trng hp mt ngi c lng tin thc (hu phu) m b oan c, vu hm, khng c ngi xt r cho, cho nn lo s, phi i kin. Nu ngi gi o trung nh ho 2 (c trung), ngha l minh oan c ri th thi, th s tt, nu c eo ui cho ti
cng, quyt thng, khng chu thi, th s xu. Qu khuyn ngi nn i tm bc i nhn cng minh (tc ho 5 - ng vi ho 2, va trung ,chnh, va ngi cao), m nghe li ngi th c li; nu khng th l t mnh tm s nguy hi, nh li qua sng ln. i tng truyn a ra mt cch ging khc na: Cn (tri) c xu hng i ln; Khm (nc) c xu hng chy xung thp, nh vy l tri ngc nhau, cng nh hai ni bt ng o, tranh nhau m sinh ra kin co. V i tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t lm vic g cng nn cn thn t lc u trnh kin co. Ho t: 1. : , , S lc: Bt vinh s s, tiu hu ngn, chung ct. Dch: Ho 1 m: ng ko di (v kin) lm g, tuy b trch mt cht, nhng sau c tt. Ging: Ho 1, m nhu di, c ho 4 cng kin trn ng vin, tc l c ch da; nhng ng nn th sinh s ko di v kin; c b trch mt cht th cng thi, kt qu c bin minh, th l tt. 2. : , . , Cu nh: Bt khc tng, qui nhi b. K p nhn tam bch h, v snh. Dch: Ho 2, dng : khng nn kin, lui v m trnh i, p mnh ch c ba trm nc nh thi ( ni a v mnh thp, th mnh nh), nh vy th khng b ha. Ging: Trong phn I, chng IV, chng ti ni: cc ho ng vi nhau (1 vi 4, 2 vi 5, 3 vi 6) phi mt dng mt m th mi c tnh vi nhau, mi ng vo mt phe, vin tr nhau, tc trng hp ho 1 v ho 4 qu ny; nu c hai cng l dng hay l m th tuy ng nhau y, nhng c th k nhau, cng nh ho 2 v ho 5 qu ny. Hai ho ny u l dng c, cho nn coi l ch nhau, ng vo hai phe trong qu tng (kin co). Ho 2 di, trung ch khng chnh, gia ni qui l Khm (him) li b hai ho m 1 v 3 vy, nn th yu, mun kin ho 5 (v 2 c tnh dng cng) nhng th khng ch ni, v 5 trung , chnh li ngi cao. Di kin trn khc g trng chi , khng nn, th rt lui v, trnh i cn hn, nh vy khng b ti li. Tiu tng truyn cn dn thm: nu di m kin trn, tai ha ti l t mnh v ly y: hon ch xuyt (cng c l chuyt, l ot) d: Phan Bi Chu ging ho ny, dn vic Nguyn Hong mun knh vi Trnh Kim (s thc Trnh Kim mun hi Nguyn Hong, Nguyn Hong s), cho ngi hi kin Nguyn Bnh Khim, Nguyn Bnh Khim p: Honh sn nht i, vn i dung thn, c khuyn nn trn trnh vo Nam cho thot nn; l ngha ba ch qui nhi b trong ho ny. 3. : , , , . Lc tam: Thc cu c, trinh l, Chung ct; hoc tng vng s, v thnh. Dch: Ho 3 m, C (yn n) hng ci c (n trch) c ca mnh (Chu Hi hiu l gi ci np c), n cho chnh ng m thng lng lo s th kt qu s tt; nu phi i theo lm vi ngi trn (ch vng y tr ngi trn, khng nht nh l vua), th cng ng mong thnh cng. Ging: Ho 3 m nhu li bt chnh (v ho m m ngi dng, chng chnh
trn cng qu Khm (him), chung quanh u l k thch gy s, kin co (v ho 2 v 4 u l dng), cho nn 3 thng phi lo s (l), nu hiu vy m bit gi gn th rt cuc s yn n. Ho 3 c ho 5 trn ng v c tnh vi mnh, 6 l dng cng li l b trn (ngi cao), nn c khi li ko 3 theo n; trong trng hp , 3 nn an phn th thng, c phc tng 6, ng mong thnh cng (chng hn 6 mun ng ra kin, ko 3 theo th 3 ch nn gip 6 ly l thi, ng ham lp cng). 4. : , , , Cu t: Bt khc tng, phc tc mnh, du, an trinh ct. Dch: Ho 4, dng : khng th kin co c, tr li theo thin mnh (l chnh ng), i i, yn theo iu chnh th tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng m bt trung, bt chnh, tng mt ngi ham kin co. Nhng khng th kin ai c: kin 5 th 5 trn mnh, ngi tn, khng dm kin; kin 3 th 3 nhu thun, chu thua trc ri; kin 2 th 2 va cng, chnh , trung, sng sut, tin liu ri, khng chu kin; cn 1 th v phe vi 4. nh phi b ham kin i, theo l phi, yn, gi iu chnh, nh vy th tt. 5. : , Cu ng: Tng, nguyn ct. Dch: Ho 5 dng : x kin hay i kin, u rt tt. Ging : Ho 5 ny ngi ch tn, cng m minh, trung v chnh. Nu l ngi x kin th l bc c c, c ti (nh Bao Cng); nu l ngi i kin th gp c quan ta c c, c ti. Khng g tt bng. 6. : , , Thng cu: hoc tch chi bn i, chung triu, tam s chi. Dch: ho trn cng, dng : (kin ) may m c ci ai ln (ca quan chc) th trong mt bui sng s b cp ba ln. Ging: Ho dng ny trn cng qu Tng l k rt thch kin, kin ti cng. N ngi 6 l bt chnh, cho nn d c may ra c kin, th chng bao lu cng s mt ht, rt cuc vn khng li. Qu tng ny ngha cc ho rt nht tr, sng sa. Trc sau ch l rn ngi ta ng ham tranh nhau kin co: ho 3 khng kin vi ai, tt; ho 2 mun kin m sau thi khng kin, cng tt; ho 1 b kin th nn nhng nhn mt cht, rt cuc s tt, duy c ho 6 bng kin ti cng th d c thng, cng ha xu. Cn ho 5 din ci : c mt Ta n cng minh th phc cho dn bit bao. TR LI BIU 7.QU A THY S
Kin tng l tranh nhau, tranh nhau th lp phe, c m ng ni ln; cho nn sau qu Tng ti qu S S l m ng, cng c ngha l qun i. Thon t: : , , S : Trinh, trng nhn ct, v cu. Dch: qun i m chnh ng (c th hiu l bn ch), c ngi ch huy lo thnh th tt, khng li. (C sch ho hai ch trng [ ] nhn chnh l i [] nhn) ngi ti c) Ging: Trn l Khn, di l Khm m sao li c ngha l m ng, l qun i ? c 4 cch ging: - i tng truyn bo Khn l t, Khm l nc, gia t c nc t li, tng l qun chng nhm hp thnh m ng. - Chu Hi bo di, Khm l him; trn, Khn l thun; ngi xa gi binh trong vic nng (thi bnh l nng dn, nhng vn tp tnh v b, thi lon th thnh lnh), nh vy l giu ci him (v b) trong ci thun (vic nng). - Chu Hi cn ging cch na: ho 2 l dng, nm gia ni qui l tng ng tng, 5 ho kia l m nhu, mm mi, giao quyn cho 2 iu khin qun lnh (4 ho kia). Thon truyn ging: xut qun l vic nguy him (qu Khm), c hi, nhng nu xut qun v chnh ngha (trinh chnh), tr bo an dn th dn s theo (Khn: thun), s gip mnh, mnh sai khin c, th s tt, lp c nghip vng thng tr thin h, khng c ti li. Ho t: 1. : , , , S lc: s, xut d lut, ph tng, hung Dch: Ho 1, m: Ra qun th phi c k lut, khng kho (ch ph tng ngha l bt thin ) thi xu. Ging: y l bc u ra qun, phi cn thn, c k lut nghim nhng kho khi mt lng dn, qun. 2. : , , , , Cu nh: Ti s, trung, ct, v cu, vng tam tch mnh. Dch: Ho 2 dng: Trong qun, c c trung th tt, khng ti li, c vua ba ln ban thng. Ging: Ho ny l ho dng c nht trong qu, thng lnh qun m. N c cng , c trung, li c ho 5, m trn ng thun vi n, nh mt v nguyn th giao ton quyn cho mt v tng. Nh n c trung; nn tt, khng b ti li, m c nhiu ln ban thng (c ngi ging l c nhiu ln vua trao lnh cho).
3. : , , Lc tam: S, hoc d thi, hung. Dch: Ho 3, m: bt chnh (v ho m ngi dng) li bt trung ,xu, tht trn, c th phi ch xc cht v . . 4. : , , Lc t: S, t th, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: Ra qun ri m lui v ng (th) pha sau (t) khng c li. Ging: ho ny tuy bt trung nhng c chnh, khng c ti (ho m) nhng bit liu sc mnh, hy tm lui, khng tin khi hao qun, l php thng h gp ch mnh th trnh i, cho nn khng b li. 5. : Lc ng: in hu cm, li chp ngn, v cu. Trng t xut s, t d thi, trinh hung. Dch: Ho 5 m: Nh ng c mung th (v ph), bt chng (ch ngn [] y,dng nh ch chi [], thay ch cm []) th li. (dng) ngi lo thnh lm tng sy cm qun, nu dng bn tr (ti km) th phi ch thy m v, v d danh ngha chnh ng (trinh) kt qu vn xu. Ging: Ho 5 ny, m, v ch tn, tng ng vua n nhu v thun o trung, khng gy chin, v qun ch ln ci (nh mung th rng v ph ng) nn phi nh ui i, bt chng m khng c li. ng vua y giao quyn cm qun cho v lo thnh (ho 2 di) l ngi xng ng , nu giao cho bn tr bt ti (nh ho 3) hoc chng tham gia vo th s tht bi, d chin tranh c chnh ngha, cng phi ch xc v , mang nhc. 6. : , Thng lc: i qun hu mnh. Khai quc tha gia, tiu nhn vt dng. Dch Ho trn cng, m: (Sau khi khi han) vua ra lnh g quan h n vic m nc tr nh th ng dng k tiu nhn (d h c cng chin u). Ging: Ho ny trn cng, tr lc thnh cng, vua lun cng m khen thng. K tiu nhn tuy c ti chin u, lp c cng th cng ch thng tin bc thi, khng nn phong t cho cai tr, giao cho a v trng yu trong nc, v cng vic kin thit quc gia phi ngi c ti, c mi gnh ni. - Qu s ny rt hay, li gn, v ng. Chng ta nn nh: - Bt c d mi phi ra qun, ra qun phi c chnh ngha. - Dng tng phi xng ng (nh ho 2), ng cho k bt ti (nh ho 3) tham gia. - Phi cn thn t lc u, k lut nghim minh, nhng phi kho khi mt lng dn qun. - Nu gp k ch ng th mnh th hy tm trnh, khng sao. - Khi thnh cng ri, lun cng ban thng th k tiu nhn c cng ch nn thng h tin bc, ng giao cho h trng trch; trng trch phi v nhng ngi ti c nh vy nc mi thnh c. Ch dng hai nt lin, t m suy din c nh vy, ti tht. TR LI BIU
8. QU THY A T Trn l Khm (nc), di l Khn (t)
S l m ng, trong m ng ngi ta gn gi nhau, lin lc vi nhau, cho nn sau qu S l qu T (t l gn gi, lin lc). Chng ta : qu ny Khm trn, Khn di, ngc hn vi qu trc Khn trn, khm di. Thon t: ,,, T ct. Nguyn ph, nguyn vnh trinh, v cu. Bt ninh phng lai, hu phu hung. Dch: Gn gi th tt. Bi ln th nh m c nh ln u (nguyn ph) rt tt, lu di, chnh th khng c li. K no ch cha yn (hoc gp trc tr) s li vi mnh (hoc mnh nn vi li) l k no ti sau (tr) th xu. Ging: Qu ny l trn t c nc, nc thm xung t, t ht ly nc, cho nn c ngha l gn gi, thn thit, gip nhau. Li thm mt ho dng cng, trung chnh ( ho 5) thng lnh nm ho m, c ci tng ng vua (hay ngi trn) c ton th dn (hay ngi di) tin cy, qui phc do l m gi l t. Nhng ho 5 a v ch tn nn phi thn trng, t xt mnh k cng (nguyn ph) m thy c nhng c nguyn, vnh, trinh th mi tht khng c li. Bt ninh phng lai, Chu Hi ging l trn di ng hp vi nhau, chc l mun ni ho 5 (trn) v ho 2 (di), mt dng mt m. Cn ba ch hu phu hung th khng sch no cho bit l m ch ho no, c l l ho trn cng chng? Ho t. 1. : , , S lc: Hu phu, t chi, v cu. Hu phu doanh phu, chung lai hu tha ct. Dch: Ho 1, m : (Mi u) c lng thnh tn m gn gi nhau th khng c li. Nu lng thnh tn nhiu nh y mt ci ng th c thm iu tt khc na. 2. : , Lc nh: t chi t ni, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: T trong m gn gi vi ngai, chnh ng th tt. Ging: ho ny m nhu, c trung v chnh, ni qui, ng hp vi ho 5 dng cng cng c trung v chnh ngoi qui, cho nn ni l t trong m gn gi vi ngoi. Hai bn thn nhau v o ng ch hp (cng trung, chnh c), ch khng phi v 2 lm thn vi b trn cu ph qu, nh vy l chnh ng, khng
tht thn, nn tt. 3. : Lc tam: T chi ph nhn Dch: Ho 3 m: Gn gi ngi khng xng ng. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, khng trung khng chnh, chung quanh li ton l m nhu, cho nn v vi ngi xu, khng xng ng. 4. : , Lc t: Ngoi t chi, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 4, m: Gn gi vi bn ngoi (ho 5) gi o chnh th tt. Ging: ho m ngi 4 c chnh ,tt hn ho 3; li gn ho 5, nh vy l thn vi ngi hin ( 5 trung v chnh ) v phc tng b trn, cho nn tt. 5. : , Cu ng: Hin t, vng dng tam khu Ging: ho ny ngi ch tn, dng cng m trung chnh, cho nn c 5 ho m (c thin h) u phc tng; o gn gi nh vy, l rt quang minh. Ai tng phc vua th c ti, khng tng phc m chng li th c rt lui, khng p ai c; cho mi ngi t do ti lui, cng nh i sn, khng bao vy c bn mt m cha mt mt cho cm th thot ra. Do ngi chung quanh c cm ha, khng phi rn e m h cng gi c o trung chnh nh vua. 6. : , Thng lc: t chi v th, hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: khng c u mi gn gi, xu. Ging: Ho m ny trn cng bt trung, khng sao gn gi vi nhng ho m di c, th l khng c u mi, l v thy (th y c ngha l thy) m v thy th v chung, cho nn xu. Qu ny ni v php nhm bn tm thy. Phi cn thn t lc u, thnh tn, trung chnh, v o ch khng v li. V phi cho t do, khng nn p buc. TR LI BIU 9. QU PHONG THIN TIU SC Trn l Tn (gi) di l Cn (tri)
T qui truyn bo nhm hp, gn vi vi nhau (t) th phi c ch nui nhau, cho nn sau qu T ti qu Tiu sc [ ] Ch sc ny c ngha l nui (nh mc sc); li c ngha l cha, dng nh ch sc tch (cha cht), v ngha: ngn li, kim ch. Thon t
Tiu sc: Hanh: Mt vn bt v, t ng ty giao. Dch: Ngn cn nh (hoc cha nh v cha cng hm ci ngha ngn, bao li, gom li) hanh thng. My kt (cha tan) m khng ma ci ty ca ta. Ging: C ba cch ging theo tng ca qu: - Qu Cn (cng kin) di qu Tn (nhu thun) c ngha l m (Tn) ngn cn c dng (Cn), nh ngn cn c ln. - Hoc: Gi (Tn) bay trn tri (Cn) cn xa mt t, sc ngn cn ca n cn nh, cho nn gi l Tiu sc. - Xt cc ho th ho 4 l m nhu c v; ho ny quan trng nht trong qu (do lut: chng d qu vi ch) ngn cn c 5 ho dng , bt phi nghe theo n, cho nn gi l Tiu sc (nh ngn c ln). Ngn c ho 2 v ho 5 u dng cng th vic chc s hanh thng. Nhng v n nh m sc ngn cn nh, nn cha pht trin ht c, nh m my ng kt phng Ty m cha tan, cha ma c. Theo Phan bi Chu, ch ng (ta) y tr Tn, m Tn l m, thuc v phng Ty. Nhng theo Hu Thin bt qui th tn l ng Nam. Chu Hi cho rng ch ng l Vn Vng t xng. Khi vit thon t ny, Vn Vng trong ngc Du L, m ci ty ca ta tc ci K Chu, phng Ty ca Vn Vng. i Tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t trong hon cnh qu ny (sc cn nh) nn trau di, ti vn chng ( vn c) chng hn vit lch, ch ng hot ng chnh tr. Ho t 1. : , ? S cu: Phc t o, h k cu? Ct. Dch: Ho 1, dng : tr v o l ca mnh, c li g u? Tt. Ging: ho ny l dng cng li trong ni qui Cn, c ti, c ch tin ln, nhng v trong qu Tiu Sc, nn b ho 4, ng vi n ngn cn. N nh phi quay tr li, khng tin na, hp vi o ty thi, nh vy khng c li g c. 2. : , Cu nh: khin phc, ct. Dch: Ho 2, dng . Dt nhau tr li o l th tt. Ging: ho ny vi ho 5 l bn ng ch hng: cng dng cng, cng c trung, cng mun tin c, nhng cng b ho 4 m ngn cn, nn cng dt nhau tr li ci o trung , khng mt ci c ca mnh. 3. : , Cu tam: D thot bc, phu th phn mc. Dch: Ho 3, dng : Xe rt mt trc; v chng hc hc vi nhau. Ging: Ho 3 qu cng (v th v u l dng ) m bt trung, hng tin ln lm, nhng b ho 4 trn ngn chn, nn tin khng c, nh chic xe rt mt trc. Ho ny st ho 4, dng st m, m khng phi l ng ca ho 4, nh mt cp v chng hc hc vi nhau. Li ho 3 v khng bit ty thi, khng nh mnh trong thi Tiu sc m nhn v. 4. : , , Lc t: hu phu, huyt kh, dch xut, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: nh c lng ch thnh, nn thng tch c lnh, ht lo s, m
khng c li. Ging: ho ny l m, nhu thun m i vi cc ho dng th kh trnh c xung t, c th lu huyt v lo s, nhng n c chnh (m ngi m), gn ho 5 l thn vi bc ch tn, li vo thi Tiu sc, c ho 1 ng hp vi n, ho 2 cng gip n, nn n trnh c lu huyt, lo s, khng c li. Tiu tng truyn ging: ht lo s, nh ho trn ( ho 5) gip n. 5. : , Cu ng: Hu phu, luyn nh, ph d k ln. Dch: Ho 5, dng. C lng thnh tn, rng buc dt du (c by ho dng ), nhiu ti c , cm ha c lng ging. Ging: ho ny ngi ch tn, c uy tn, lm lnh t cc ho dng khc; n trung chnh, tc c lng thnh tn, ko cc ho dng kia theo no, m gip ho m 4 cnh n, nh hng ti 4, sai khin c 4, khin cho 4 lm c nhim v thi Tiu sc. Ch [ ] c ngi c l luyn v ging l c lng quyn luyn. 6. : , , , Thng cu: K v, k x, thng c ti. Ph trinh l. Nguyt c vng, qun t chinh hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: ma ri, yn ri, c nhu tn ca 4 y (ngn c n ng ri), v m c mt mc (trinh) ngn hoi chng th nguy (l) y. Trng sp n m rm (cc thnh), ngi qun t (khng thn trng, phng b) vi tin hnh th xu. Ging: y ti bc cui cng ca qu tn m cng l bc cui cng ca qu Tiu sc. Ho 4 thnh cng n cc im , cc ho dng ha hp vi n c ri, nh m my kt trt nc, mi s yn. Ti , hy nn ngng i, c mt mc ngn chn cc ho dng th s b ha y. M cc ho dng (qun t ) cng nn lo phng trc i v sp ti lc m cc thnh (trng rm) ri y. m c ngha l tiu nhn. c qu Tiu sc ny chng ti nh ti V Hu i ng v T Hi Thi Hu i Thanh. H nh ho 4, thng minh, c ti, mi u nhu thun, nh gn vua (ho 5), c vua sng i, che ch, li ly c lng ngi di (ho 1, ho 2), gy phe ng ri ln ln thng lnh qun dng , c triu nh phi phc tng h. Ti khi h thnh cc, sp suy, bn i thn c kh tit, mu tr mi hp nhau lt h. Ngoi i khng ng hn nh trong qu, nhng cng khng khc my. cc thi , chc nhiu nh Nho Trung Hoa c li qu ny. TR LI BIU 10. QU THIN TRCH L Trn l Cn (tri), di l oi (chm)
u qu Tiu Sc ni sc cn c ngha l cha, nhm (nh sc tch) T qui truyn dng ngha m ging: khi nhm hp nhau th phi c trt t, c trn c di, khng th hn tp c, ngha l phi c l. Sng trong x hi phi theo l, dm ln ci l, khng chch ra ngoi (chng ta thng ni dm ln du chn ca mt ngi din ci theo ng ng li ngi y); m dm ln, ch Hn gi l , do sau qu Tiu sc, ti qu L. Cch gii thch c phn no gng p. Thon t: ,, L h v, bt it nhn, hanh. Dch: Dm ln ui cp, m cp khng cn, hanh thng. Ging: Trn l dng cng, l Cn, l tri: di l m nhu, l oi, l chm, vy l trn di phn minh li hp l m dng tc l l, l l. C tnh m nhu, vui v i theo sau dng cng th d ngi i trc mnh d nh cp, cng t ra hin t vi mnh, cho nn bo rng dm ln ui cp m cp khng cn. Ba ch l h v chnh ngha l dm ln ui cp, ch nn hiu l i theo sau cp, ly s nhu thun, vui v m ng ph vi s cng cng. Thon truyn bn thm: Ho 5 qu ny l dng m trung, chnh, xng vi ngi ch tn, chng c t bnh g c m li c quang minh. i tng truyn: bo trn di phn minh (c ti c trn, km ti c di) nh vy lng dn mi khng hoang mang (nh dn ch) khng c s tranh ginh. Ho t: 1. : , , S cu: t l, vng, v cu. Dch: ho 1, dng : gi bn cht trong trng m ra vi i th khng c li. Ging: ho 1 ny nh ngi mi ra i, cn gi c bn cht trong trng ( ngha ca ch t) cha nhim thi i, v l ho dng, qun t, c ch nguyn, c gi ch nguyn mnh th khng c li. 2. : , Cu nh: L o thn thn, u nhn trinh ct. Dch: Ho 2, dng: nh i trn ng bng phng, c mt mnh gi vng ng chnh th tt. Ging: Ho 2, dng : nh i trn ng bng phng, c mt mnh gi vng ng chnh th tt. Ging: Ho dng ny c trung, vn l hin nhn, qun t, bnh thn gi o trung khng cho lng ri lon th tt. Tuy c ho 5 trn ng vi , nhng 5 cng l dng, khng hp, (phi mt dng mt m mi tm nhau, hp nhau, vin nhau) cho nn bo ho ny l c c.
Chng ta : qu Cn, ho 2 v ho 5 cng u l dng c, m Ho t bo 2 v 5 nn tm nhau m lm vic; cn qu L ny th khng , nh vy l phi ty theo ngha ca qu (ty thi) m ging. 3. : , ; , , , Lc tam: Miu, nng th; b, nng l. L h v, dit nhn, hung. V nhn vi vu i qun. Dch:Ho 3, m: cht (m t ph l) thy t, tht (m t ph l) i nhanh, nh vy th nguy nh dm ln ui cp m b n cn. l k v phu m i lm vic ca mt ng vua ln. Ging: Ho ny m nhu m ngi dng cng, bt chnh, bt trung, trn di u l ho dng c, khng lng ti mnh km (m) m ua i theo cc ho dng, khng khc ngi tht t khoe l i nhanh; l hng v phu m i lm mt ng vua ln, s gp ha, nh dm ln ui cp, b cp cn. 4. : Cu t: L h v, sch sch (hoc sc sc)chung ct. Dch: Ho 4, dng: Dm ln ui cp, nhng bit s hi, nn qu s tt. Ging: Ho ny, dng m v m, cng bt trung, bt chnh nh ho 3, cng sau mt ho dng cng, cng nh dm ln ui cp, nhng ho 3 hung, ho 4 ct, ch do l: 3 bn cht nhu, ti km, u m m v dng, ch hng; cn 4 bn cht cng, c ti, sng sut m v m, bit s hi, thn trng. 5. : Cu ng: Quyt l, trinh l. Dch: Ho 5, dng : Quyt tm hnh ng qu th tuy chnh ng cng c th nguy. Ging: Ho 5 c chnh, c trung ,rt tt, nhng a v ch tn trong qu L (ni v cch i) th e c lng cng quyt qu m t th, th, m ha nguy. 6. : , , Thng cu: Th l, kho tng, k ton, nguyn ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng, xem cch n trong i ngi, cho nn Ho t din ngha ca ton qu ch khng din ngha ca ring ho cui. Cng l mt l ngoi nh ho cui cng qu Tiu sc. Qu ny tn l L c ngha l l, l dm ln, nhng c 6 ho u ni v cch n trong sut i ngi : mi ra i th phi gi tnh cht phc trong trng, ri sau gi vng ng chnh (ho 2); bit sc mnh, ng t ph (ho 3) trnh nguy, bit thn trng, s hi th tt (ho 4), v a v cao nht, ng th m cng quyt qu (ho 5), cch n c nh vy cho ti cui i th tt khng g bng. Chng ta : Qu ny cng ch c mt ho m m khng c ngha thng lnh qun dng nh qu tiu sc. Nh vy l bin dch. TR LI BIU 11. QU A THIN THI Trn l Khn (t), di l Cn (tri)
L l l, c trt t trn di phn minh, nh vy th yn n, L cng c ngha l dm, l giy (dp) i giy th c yn n; v vy sau qu L, tip ti qu Thi. Thi ngha l yu thch, thng thun. Thon t : , , Thi: Tiu vn i lai, ct, hanh. Dch: Thi l ci nh (m), i, ci ln (dng ) li, tt, hanh thng. Ging: Trong qu L, Cn l tri, cng, oi l chm, nhu; trn di phn minh, hp l m dng, tt. Trong qu Thi ny, Cn khng nn hiu l tri, v nu hiu nh vy th tri di t, khng cn trn di phn minh na, xu. Nn hiu Cn l kh dng, Khn l kh m kh dng di c tnh cch thng m giao tip vi m, kh m trn c tnh cch giao tip vi kh dng, hai kh giao ha, m mi vt c yn n, tha thch. Mt cch ging na. Theo Phan Bi Chu (sch dn) th: Nguyn Thun m l qu Khn, l m thnh chi cc, cc th phi tiu, nhn mt nt dng thay vo di, ho 1 ca Khn thnh ra qu Phc, Phc l mt dng mi sinh. Dng sinh n ho th hai th thnh qu Lm [ ] , th l dng ln thm ln ln. Kh dng sinh n ho th 3 th thnh qu Thi, trn l Khn, di l Cn. Khn l m nhu, l tiu nhn; Cn l qun t . Qu Thi l tng o tiu nhn dng tiu mn, o qun t dng ln mnh, hai bn ngang nhau cho nn gi l Thi. Thon t bn thm: Thi l lc ci nh i, ci ln tr li ( . . . ) l tri t giao cm m mun vt thng, trn di giao cm m ch hng nh nhau. Trong (ni qui) l dng, ngoi (ngoi qui) l m, trong mnh m ngoi thun, trong qun t m ngoi tiu nhn, o qun t th ln ln, m o tiu nhn th tiu ln. Ho t: 1. : S cu: bt mao nh, d k v, chinh ct. Dch: Ho 1, dng : Nh r c mao m c c m, tin ln th tt. Ging: Ho nay l ngi c ti, cn v thp, nhng cp vi ho hai trn, nh c nhm ng ch dt du nhau tin ln, gnh vic thin h, cho nn vic lm d c kt qu nh nh r c mao, nh mt cng m c c m. 2. : , , , Cu nh : Bao hoang, dng bng h, bt h di, Bng vong, c thng vu trung hnh.
Dch: Bao dung s hoang ph (nhng t hi c), dng cch cng quyt mo him nh li qua sng, khng b st nhng vic (hoc ngi ) xa, khng ngh n b ng, m phi hp vi o trung. Ging: Ho dng, c trung, ng ch ng (ho 1 v 3) li ng hp vi ho 5 m, cng c trung, tc vi v nguyn th tin cy, nghe theo mnh, vy l c ti ln m hon cnh rt thun li; nhng cn c nhng c ny na: - C lng, bao dung mt s t hi c cn li, ng mong tr tit ngay trong bui u. - C c cng quyt mo him nh ngi c gan li qua sng, nh lun hg ni: bo h bng h. - Tnh trc nhng vic xa xi s xy ti (c ngi hiu l ng b st nhng ngi xa). - ng c tinh thn ng phi m c hi cho i ngha. Cn nht l gi o trung ca ho 2, vic g cng va phi thi, chng hn bao dung qu hay mo him qu u l hi c. 3. : , , , , Cu tam: V hnh bt b, v vng bt phc. Gian trinh v cu, vt tut, k phu, vu thc hu phc. Dch: Ho 3, dng: khng c ci g bng mi m khng nghing, i mi m khng tr li, trong cnh gian nan m gi c chnh ng th khng li. ng lo phin, c tin iu chnh th c hng phc. 4. : , , , Lc t: Phin phin, bt ph, d k ln, bt gii d phu. Dch: Ho 4, m : Dp du (hoc hn h) vi nhau, khng giu m thnh mt xm, chng c hn m cng tin nhau. Ging: y qua na qu Thi, dng suy, by m (ba ho m) tc bn tiu nhn kt hp vi nhau, tuy chng khng giu, khng c ti c (m c ngha l h, tri vi thc dng cho nn bo l khng giu) nhng cng thnh mt xm ng, ng tm vi nhau chng c hn m cng tin nhau, v cng sn lng gian t c. 5. : , Lc ng: t qui mui, d ch, nguyn ct. Dch: Nh vua t (i Thng) cho em gi v nh chng, c phc, rt tt. Ging: Ho m ny c trung, tuy a v ch tn m khim nhu, li ng hp vi ho 2, dng di, nh em gi vua t, chu lm v mt ngi hin trong gii bnh dn, s c hng phc. 6. : , , , Thng lc: Thnh phc v hong, vt dng s, T p co mnh, trinh ln. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: thnh sp xung, li ch l ng t. ng dng qun na, bt qu mnh lnh ch ban ra c trong p mnh thi. D hnh ng ca mnh chnh ng nhng vn tht bi m xu h. Ging: y ti lc cui cng ca thi Thi, sp b ri, nh ci thnh sp xung. V l ho m li a m, ng tranh ginh (dng qun ) na, khng cu vn c u, c ban lnh cng ch mt p mnh nghe thi. Hai ch trinh ln, R. Wilhem giaeng l : d c kin nhn (chng ) cng tht
bi m xu h. Chng ti ngh ho cui ny m nhu thi qu, khng c ch kin nhn c, nn dch theo Chu Hi. Di y chng ti chp thm li bn ca Phan Bi Chu (tr. 285 286) Chng ta c Dch t lc c Cn, Khn, tri qua trung gian, no Trun m kinh lun: no Mng m gio dc; no Nhu m sinh t; no Tng, no s m sp t vic binh, vic hnh; no Sc, no L m chnh n vic kinh t, vic l ch; hao tn bit bao tm huyt, cha tr bit bao th gi. K v phn Khm (him) tri qua n 6 ln: 1. Trun, Khm thng 2. Mng . khm h 3. Nhu , Khm thng 4. Tng, Khm h. 5. S, Khm h 6. Ti, Khm thng. Thot khi 6 ln nguy him ri. Vy sau, trong c chn nui tr l Tiu sc, ngoi c chn bng t (nh cy, vo) l L. By gi mi lm nn Thi. Thi va n cui cng, tc khc ra B (coi qu sau ). Gh gm tht ! Lm nn tn v s cng phu m lm h ch trong chc lt, vun p bit bao nn tng m nh ch trong nhy mt. Khng chc l thm ca ngi sp t cc qu, nhng vic i qu c nh vy: Kin thit lu, suy rt chng. TR LI BIU 12. QU THIN A B Trn l Cn (tri) di l Khn (t)
Trong v tr khng c g l thng hoi c, ht thng th ti b tc, cng, cho nn sau qu Thi ti qu B. Thon t. , , B chi ph nhn, bt li qun t trinh, i vng tiu lai. Dch: B khng phi o ngi (phi nhn ngha nh phi nhn o), v n khng li cho o chnh ca qun t (Tng ca n l) ci ln (dng ) i m ci nh (m) li. Ging: B tri vi Thi. Thi th dng di thng ln, giao vi m trn ging xung; b th dng trn i ln, m di i xung khng giao nhau. m dng khng giao nhau th b tc, o ngi nh vy m vn vt cng nh vy. Thi khng li vi o chnh ca qun t, v dng i ngha l o ca ngi qun t tiu ln, m m li ngha l o ca tiu nhn ln ln. i tng truyn Khuyn: gp thi b th ngi qun t nn thu ci c ca mnh li (ng hnh ng g c, ring gi cc c ca mnh) trnh tai nn, ng mng cht li danh no c. (Qun t d kim c t nn, bt kh vinh d
lc). Ngha l nn n. Gp thi Trun, thi kh khn, gian trun, ngi qun t nn tp hp nhau li m hnh ng; cn thi b, b tc cng cc ri th hnh ng ch v ch, ct gi ci c v ci thn mnh thi. Ho t. 1. : , , S lc: Bt mao nh, d k v, trinh ct hanh. Dch: Ho 1 m: Nh r c mao m c c m, h chnh th tt m hanh thng. Ging: Ho ny rt ging ho 1 qu Thi: cng bt mao d k v v qu Thi ho 1 cp vi hai ho trn, qu ny cng vy, cng c ng ch, lm vic d c kt qu; ch khc qu thi ho 1 l dng, qun t, qu ny ho 1 l m, tiu nhn; cho nn qu Thi khuyn c tin ln (chnh) s tt; cn qu ny th khuyn phi trinh chnh ng (trinh khc nhau hai ch chnh [] v trinh [] th s tt v hanh thng. Ho 1 qu B l tiu nhn nhng mi bc u, ci c cha hin r, li ng hp vi ho 4 trn l qun t, cho nn cn c hy vng ci ha c. i tng truyn bo: nu tm gip nc (ch ti qun qun l vua, l quc gia) nh ho 4 th s tt. Nh vy l c khuyn tiu nhn nn ng vo phe qun t . 2. : , ;, Lc nh: Bo tha, tiu nhn ct; i nhn b, hanh. Dch: Ho 2, m: Tiu nhn chu ng v vng thun ngi qun t th tt: i nhn (c c ln) nn gi t cch trong cnh b tc (khn cng) th hanh thng. Ging: Ho ny tuy l tiu nhn, nhng c trung c chnh, chung quanh l tiu nhn c, m ng hp vi ho 5 qun t trn, cho nn ho t khuyn n nn vng thun qun t th tt. Cn k i nhn c bn tiu nhn vng thun v chng mun mua danh th cng ng theo chng, c gi kh tit ca mnh trong thi khn cng, nh vy s hanh thng. 3. : Lc tam: Bao tu . Dch: Ho 3, m: Cha cht s gian t, xu h. Ging: Ho ny, khng trung, khng chnh, l k ng u bn tiu nhn (v trn cng ni qui khn), cho nn rt xu, ng ght. 4. :, Cu t: Hu mnh, v cu. Tr li ch. Dch : Ho 4 dng : c mnh tri (tc nh thi vn ti) th khng li m bn ca mnh cng nh cy mnh m c hng phc. Ging: Ho ny qu na qu B, c mi sp ht b ri, cho nn ni l thi vn ti; n l dng trong ngai qui Cn, chnh l ngi qun t thc hin c ch ca mnh. Bn ca n, tc hai ho 5, 6 cng l dng c - cng s c hng phc. 5. : , , , Cu ng: Hu b, i nhn ct. K vong, k vong, h vu bao tang. Dch: Ho 5, dng : lm cho ht b, l o tt ca bc i nhn (tuy nhin, phi bit lo). C th mt y, (ng qun iu th mi vng nh buc vo mt
cm du (dy du nhiu r, n su di t, rt kh nh). Ging: Ho ny c c dng cng trung chnh, li vo ngi ch tn, trong thi B sp ht, cho nn li on l tt. Nhng vn phi thn trng, ng sai st. Theo H t h chng V th Khng t c ti ho ny, bn thm rng: Ngi qun t khi yn n th khng nn qun rng s c th nguy; khi vng th khng qun rng c th mt, khi tr th khng qun rng s c th lon. Nh vy m thn an nc nh gi vng c. 6. : , , Thng cu: Khuynh b, tin b, hu h. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: nh c ci b, trc cn b, sau th mng. Ging: y l thi cui cng ca B m b cc th thi lai; ngi qun t c ti s dt c bn b (tr ho 4 v 5) m nh dc b. Nhng mi u cn phi lo lng (tin b) sau mi mng l bc ln c cnh Thi ri. Chng ta : Qu Thi, mi n ho 3, cn thnh cc m Dch khuyn phi gi c chnh ng trong cnh gian nan (gian trinh); cn qu B, khi mi ti ho 4, mi c mi sp ht b m Dch khuyn l thi ti, ngi qun t nn thc hin ch ca mnh i. Ngha l lun lun phi sn sng nm ngay ly c hi. TR LI BIU 13. QU THIN HA NG NHN Trn l Cn (tri), di l Li (la)
Khng th b tc, cch tuyt nhau mi c, tt phi c lc giao thng ha hp vi nhau; cho nn sau qu B ti qu ng Nhn. ng nhn l cng chung vi ngi, ng tm vi ngi. Thon t: , ng nhn vu d, hanh. Li thip i xuyn. Li qun t trinh. Dch: Cng vi ngi cnh ng (mnh mng) th hanh thng. (gian him nh) Li qua sng ln, cng li. Qu ny li cho ngi qun t trung chnh. Ging: li di l la, sng, vn mnh, Cn trn l Tri. Qu ny c tng la bc ln cao ti tri, cng soi khp th gii (cnh ng mnh mng c ngha ). Cho nn tt. d c him tr g, cng vt c (Phan Bi Chu bo chnh l cnh tng i ng rt vui v) Mun vy phi c c trung chnh ca ngi qun t . Thon truyn cng ho 2 ni qui ly, ho m c nht, quan trng nht trong 6 ho m ging thm:
Ho m nhu c v (tc l chnh) c trung, li ng hp vi ho 5 dng cng cng c v c trung trong ngai qui Cn, th l c hin tng ni ngai tng ng, nn gi l ng nhn. Vn minh (Ly) pha trong, cng kin (Cn) tc dng ngoi, m c c trung ln chnh, ng hp vi nhau, l tng ngi qun t thng sut c tm tri ca thin h. i tng truyn bn thm: Ngi ta mun thc hin c cnh tng mi vt cng sng chung vi nhau th phi phn bit tng loi ca cc chng tc, xt k mi s vt (qun t d loi tc, bin vt); h cng loi th t chung vi nhau v cho mi vt c pht trin s nng, tha c s nguyn, c vy th tuy bt ng m ha ng c. Ho t: 1. : , S cu: ng nhn vu mn, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng : Ra khi ca cng chung vi ngi th khng c li. Ging: Ho dng ny, nh ngi qun t mi bt u ra i, mun ng (cng chung) vi ngi khc th c li, c g ng trch u? 2. : , Lc nh: ng nhn vu tn, ln. Dch: Ho 2, m: (ch) chung hp vi ngi trong h, trong ng phi, xu h. Ging: Ho ny tuy c trung c chnh, nhng vo thi ng nhn, nn cng chung vi mi ngi m li ch ng hp ring vi ho 5 trn, nh ch cng chung vi ngi trong h, trong ng phi ca mnh thi, th l hp hi, ng xu h. 3. : , , Cu tam: Phc nhung vu mng, Thng k cao lng, tam tu bt hng. Dch: Ho 3, dng : np qun rng rm (m thp th) ln g cao, ba nm chng hng vng c. Ging: Ho ny mun hp vi ho 2 (m) di, nhng n qu cng (dng dng v), li bt c trung, nh mt k cng bo; m 2 ng hp vi 5 trn, 3 s 5 mnh nn khng dm cng kch 2, ch np trong rng, rnh trm, ri thp th ln i cao m ng (3 trn cng ni qui, nn ni vy); nh vy ba nm cng khng tin (hng ln) c. 4. : , , , Cu t: tha k dung, pht, khc cng, ct. Dch: Ho 4, dng : ci ln tng t ri m khng dm nh th l tt. Ging: ho ny cng l dng cng, bt trung, bt chnh, cng mun hp vi 2, lng p 3 m cp 2 (ho 3 gia 2 v 4 cng nh bc tng ngn cch 2 v 4, 4 trn 3 nh ci ln bc tng ); nhng tuy cng m v m, cn c cht nhu, nn ngh li, khng th ln p 3 c, nh vy khng nn, cho nn Ho t bo th th tt . Tiu tng truyn khen l bit phn tc () tc bit tr li php tc. 5. : , . , Cu ng: ng nhn, tin ho o nhi Hu tiu, i s khc tng ng. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Cng vi ngi, trc th ku ru, sau th ci, phi dng i
qun nh ri mi gp nhau. Ging: ho ny dng cng trung chnh, ng hp vi ho 2, tht l ng tm ng c, tt. Nhng gia 5 v 2, cn c hai ho 3 v 4 ngn cn, dm pha, ph ri, nn mi u phi ku ru, phi dng i qun dp 3 v 4 ri 2 v 5 mi gp nhau m vui ci. Cng vic ha ng no mi u cng b nhiu k ngn cn nh vy, khng d dng thc hin ngay c, d l hp vi cng l, vi hnh phc s ng. 6. : , Thng cu: ng nhn vu giao, v hi. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng : cng vi ngi cnh ng ngoi thnh, khng hi hn. Ging: Giao l cnh ng ngai thnh, khng rng bng d (ng ni ni nh qu). Ho ny tuy cui qu ng nhn, khng c ho no ng hp vi n, cho nn ch cha c th hnh nh mnh mun, mi ch nh cng vi ngi cnh ng ngoi thnh thi, cha gia qung ng ni c. c qu ny, chng ta rt ra c hai li khuyn: - Mun ha ng th ng c tinh thn ng phi; phi tn trng c tnh ca mi hng ngi, kh nng cng nhu cu ca mi ngi. - Cng vic ha ng mi ngi tuy rt chnh ng, mang hnh phc cho dn chng nhng cng gian nan, b nhiu k ph. TR LI BIU 14. QU HA THIN I HU Trn l Ly (La), di l Cn (tri )
cng ng vi mi ngi th mi ngi v vi mnh, m s hu ca mnh cng ln, cho nn sau qu ng nhn, ti qu i hu (c ln). Thon t: : i hu: Nguyn hanh. Dch: C ln th rt hanh thng. Ging: trn Cn l la trn tri, chiu sng mi vt nh vy l c ln Ly li c ngha l vn minh, Cn l cng kin, gm c vn minh v cng kin cho nn rt hanh thng. Theo Thon truyn: Cn mt cch ging na: qu ny ch c mt ho m, n thng lnh qun dng, 5 ho dng u theo n, c ngha l mi ngi v vi n, m n c c ln. S d n thng lnh c v n ngi tn m li c trung. N ng hp vi ho 2, dng gia qu Cn, nh vy n va vn minh
va cng kin, ng vi tri (Cn) m hnh ng ng vi thi. i tng truyn khuyn: ngi qun t trong qu ny phi ngn n ngay iu d khi n cha pht hin, v biu dng iu tt khi n cn mp m thun mnh tt ca tri (t c dng thin, thun thin hu mnh: ch hu y l tt). Ho t: 1. : , ; S cu: V giao hi, ph cu; nan tc v cu. Dch : Ho 1. dng : cha lm vic g tai hi, cha c li; nhng phi (cn thn) c x nh gp lc gian nan th mi khi li. Ging: i hu l c ln. Ho 1 nh con mt nh giu sang, cn tr, cha lm g tai hi th cha c ti, nhng v l con nh giu, t ngi a, nu li kiu cng xa x th s gy on ght, cho nn Ho t khuyn sng trong cnh gian nan th mi khi ti. 2. : , , Cu nh: i xa d ti, hu du vng, v cu. Dch: Ho 2, dng : xe ln ch nng, i chn no ( ni lm g) cng c, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny tt nht trong qu : dng cng m c trung, va c ti va khim tn, c ho 5, m trn ng hp, nh c vua ht sc tin dng s thnh cng, cho nn v vi c xe ln ch nng i ng xa, u cng ti c. 3. : , Cu tam: Cng dng hng vu thin t, tiu nhn pht khc. Dch: Ho 3, dng : nh bc cng (hu) m tic mi thin t hng tiu nhn khng ng ni vic . Ging: Thi xa ch [ ] c l hanh (ngha l hanh thng) m cng c l hng) ngha l hng dng, dng, yn tic, l ln) Chu Hi hiu l triu hin. R.Wilhem hiu l em t ai ca ci dng thin t, hoc cho dn chng. Chng ti theo Phan Bi Chu m dch nh trn. Ho 3 ny dng cng c chnh, ng trn cng ni qui, cho nn v vi mt bc cng; vo thi i hu tt c nhiu t ai, nhn dn; nn bc thin t cng n, ti d tic do v cng i. Nhng phi l ngi qun t, c c hnh, khng kiu, mi lm nh vy c; cn hng tiu nhn, thy thin t ti nh mnh cng kiu cng, xa x th khng ng ni danh d , m ch hi thi (tiu nhn hi d li Tiu tng truyn) 4. : , Cu t: ph k bnh, v cu. Dch: Ho, dng: ng lm ra v thnh vng (khoe ca, sng sang qu) th khng c li. Ging: Ch bnh [ ] y, Trnh t hiu l thnh vng; Phan Bi Chu dn cu Hnh nhn bnh bnh trong Kinh Thi m hiu l rm r. Chng ti chm chc hai ngha m dch nh trn. Ho ny a v cao, gn ho 5, m bt trung , bt chnh, e c ha ti ni, nn Ho t khuyn phi khim tn, tit kim. Tiu tng truyn cng khuyn phi phn bit th phi ha phc cho rnh th mi khi li. 5. : , ,
Lc ng: quyt phu giao nh, uy nh, ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: Ly c tin, ch hnh m giao thip, v phi c uy th tt. Ging: Ho ny v ch tn, cc 5 ho dng theo, nn phi em c tin, lng ch thnh m i i vi ngi di. Nhng v l m, nn ngi rng qu nhu, nn Ho t khuyn phi c cht uy mi c. Tiu tng truyn c h hiu khc, bo phi dng uy v, ng khinh d m phi phng b o tc (uy nh chi ct, d nhi v b d) . 6. : , , Thng cu: t thin hu chi, ct, v bt li. Dch: ho trn cng, dng : t tri gip cho, tt, khng c g m chng li. Ging: thi i hu, thnh tr, ho dng cng ny trn cng m chu h mnh theo ho 5, ch v 5 c c thnh tn; nh vy l khng kiu, tuy thnh m khng y trn, nn c tri gip cho, ha tt, ch l thng ho cui cng, i hu n mn cui, kh m tt c. Khng t c ti ho ny bo: Tri s d gip cho l v thun vi o tri; ngi s d gip cho l v c lng thnh tn . ng mun ni ho 5 c cc ho khc gip l v c lng thnh tn; cn ho trn cng c tri gip v thun vi o tri: trng ngi hin (ho 5) khng kiu. Qu ny khuyn chng ta sng trong cnh giu c, nn khim, kim: giao thip vi ngi , nn ch thnh. Phan Bi Chu nhn xt rng trong 64 qu , khng qu no tt u nh qu ny: ho 1, 2, 3 u khng c li, ho 4 c hanh thng, ho 5 tt, ho 6 tt hn na, khng c g m chng li. Ngay n qu Cn, qu Thi ho cui cng cng xu, km qu ny. i hu chnh l thi thnh tr sau thi i ng. TR LI BIU 15. QU A SN KHIM Trn l Khn (t), di l Cn (ni)
i hu l thi rt thnh, khng nn cho qu y, m nn nhn nhng, nn Khim. Thon t : , Khim: Hanh, qun t hu chung. Dch: Nhn nhng, hanh thng, ngi qun t gi c trn vn ti cui. Ging: Trn l t, di l ni. Ni cao, t thp, ni chu di t l ci tng nhn nhng. Khim h. V vy m c hanh thng. Qu ny ch c mi mt ho dng, dng n lm ch qu.
Thon truyn bn thm: Khim l o ca tri, t v ngi . Tri c c khim v trn i xung ch thp m sng t; t c c khim v chu di m i ln. o tri, ci g y th lm cho khuyt i, ci g thp km (khim) th b p cho (Thin o khuy doanh nhi ch khim). o t, o qu thn cng vy. Cn o ngi th ght k y, tc s kiu cng tha mn, m thch k khim tn (Nhn o doanh nhi hiu khim). H khim th a v cao m o cng sng, a v thp m chng ai vt mnh c. i tng truyn. Khuyn ngi qun t nn bt chn nhiu, b chn t, cho s vt c cn xng, qun bnh (Biu a ch qu, xng vt bnh th). Ho t : , , S lc: khim khim qun t, dng thip i xuyn, ct. Dch : Ho 1, m Nhn nhng, nhn nhng, ngi qun t dng c y qua sng ln th tt. Ging: Ho ny m nh m li di cng, tht l khim h, du gp hon cnh him nguy no cng vt c. Tiu tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t trau gii t cch mnh bng c khim h, (Khim khim qun t, ti d t mc) 2 : , Lc nh: Minh khim, trinh ct. Dch:Ho 2, m: Ting tm lng ly v c khim, nu chnh ng th tt. Ging: ho ny nhu thun, c trung, c chnh, rt tt, cho nn bo l ting tm lng ly v c Khim. Nhng ngi ting tm lng ly th d ham danh, m ha ra qu khim n mc gi nhn nhng hoc nnh b), nn Ho t khuyn phi gi c trung, chnh (trinh) ca ho 2 th mi tt. 3. : , , Cu tam: Lao khim, qun t hu chung, ct. Dch: Ho 3, dng : Kh nhc (c cng lao) m nhn nhng, ngi qun t gi c trn vn, tt. Ging: ho ny c c dng cng, lm ch c qu, nm ho m u trng cy vo, nh ngi c a v ( trn cng ni qui), c ti nng (ho dng ) m khim tn (v trong qu Khim), khng khoe cng, nn cng c mi ngi phc, m gi c a v, c ti cng. Theo H t thng truyn chng VIII, Khng t c ho ny, ging thm: Kh nhc m khng khoe khoang, c cng vi i m chng nhn l n c, c nh vy l cc dy. 4. : , Lc t: v bt li, huy khim. Dch: Ho 4, m: Pht huy s nhn nhng th khng g l khng li. Ging: Ho ny nhu thun m c chnh, tt y, nhng v trn ho 3 l ngi c cng lao, m li gn ho 5, l vua, nn cng phi pht huy thm c khim, mi trnh c mi kh khn m khng g l khng li. 5. : , , Lc ng: Bt ph d k ln, li dng xm pht, v bt li. Dch: Ho 5, m: chng cn giu (c th lc) m thu phc c lng ging (c nhiu ngi theo); nhng phi c cht uy, chinh pht k no cha phc
mnh th mi khng g l khng li. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, c trung, a v ch tn, nn t nhin thu phc c nhiu ngi, nhng nu nhu qu, thiu uy th khng phi l t cch mt ng vua, nn Ho t khuyn nn dng uy v i vi k no cha phc mnh. Ho ny c th dng uy c v v dng (l). 6. : , , Thng lc: Minh khim, li dng hnh s, chnh p quc. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Ting tm lng ly v c Khim, c nhiu ngi theo c th li dng iu m ra qun, nhng cng ch tr c nhng k trong p ca mnh khng phc mnh thi. Ging: ho ny th nhu, v nhu, vo thi cui cng qu Khim, cho nn khim nhu cng vc, ting tm lng ly, nhiu ngi theo y; nhn m c th ra qun chinh pht nhng k khng theo mnh, nhng v ti km, nn ch tr c nhng k trong p mnh thi, cha tha ch c. Qu ny ho no cng tt khng nhiu th t, khng km qu i hu bao nhiu. a s cc trit gia Trung Hoa rt cao c Khim, nht l Khng t v Lo t, v h cho rng lut tri h y qu th vi, trong khi y phi ngh ti lc s vi, phi khim h, ng t ph. Khng th dn ht nhng chm ngn ca Trung Hoa v c khim c; trong qu ny chng ta thy c my cu nh Thin o khuy doanh nhi ch khim, nhn o doanh nhi hiu khim, khim khim qun t, ti d t mc. Trong o c kinh, cng rt nhiu cu, nh: Hu k thn nhi thn tin; Qi d tin vi bn, cao d h vi c; Dc tin dn tt d thn hu chi: Bt cm vi thin h tin . . Nhng khim nhu ca Lo t c v trit , tuyt nhin khng tranh hn vi ai, m khim nhu trong Dch th khng thi qu, vn trng c trung (ho 2). TR LI BIU 16 QU LI A D Trn l Chn (sm st,) di l Khn (t)
i hu m li Khim th tt nhin l vui v, sung sng, cho nn sau qu Khim, ti qu D (vui, sng). Thon t : : , D: Li kin hu, hnh s. Dch: vui v: Dng tc hu ( tr dn), ra qun th tt. Ging: C ba cch ging ngha qu ny. - Chn trn, Khn di, c ngha l trn th ng, hnh ng; di thun theo, nh vy tt vui v.
- Sm trn t, ngha l kh dng pht ng (chn thuc dng) m mun vt trn pht sinh, cng l cnh tng vui v. - Qu ny ch c mt ho dng (ho 4), 5 ho m u theo n, n lm ch trong qu , nh mt ngi ti c, lm vic g cng thun c, tt thnh cng, s vui v, an n. - Thun vi l t nhin th d tri t cng nghe theo, hung h l vic dng tc hu, ra qun, dn h li khng theo. - Thon truyn bn rng thm: Ci o thun l m hnh ng l o tri, cho nn mt tri mt trng thay nhau chiu sng ban ngy ban m, khng bao gi lm; bn ma thay nhau chng bao gi sai. Thnh nhn thun l m hnh ng th hnh pht khng phin phc m dn chng phc tng. Ho t: 1. : , S lc: Minh d, hung. Dch: Ho 1, m: Khoe mnh vui sng mt cch n o, xu. Ging: Ch D, tn qu c ngha l trn di thun nhu hnh ng m cng vui v; cn ch d trong cc ho th c ngha l c nhn vui v. Nh ho m nhu di cng ny, bt trung, bt chnh, l mt tiu nhn, c ho 4 cng kin v c a v trn ng vin, ly lm c , bc l ni sung sng ca mnh mt cch n o, th l kiu mn, xu. 2. : , , Lc nh: gii vu thch, bt chung nht, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: Ch vng nh , chng i ht ngy (m ng ph ngay), chnh nh, bn, tt. Khng t, theo H t h truyn, Chng V, cho rng ngi qun t bit trc c triu chng t khi mi c du hiu, cho nn ng ph mau, giao tip vi k trn th khng nnh, vi k di th khng nhn, bit lc no nn nhu, lc no nn cng. 3. : , , Lc tam: Hu d, hi tr, hu hi . Dch: Ho 3, m: Nga mt ln trn (mong c ph qu) m vui mng, nh vy th no cng n nn, m sa i chm, li cng n nn hn. Ging: Ho ny cng bt trung, bt chnh, nh k tiu nhn ng ln trn l ho 4 dng cng, mong c ph qu m vui mng; khng sm rt chn ra khi ci by quyn th th s n hn ln. 4. : , ; , Cu t: Do d, i hu c; vt nghi, bng hp trm. Dch: Ho 4, dng : ngi khc nh mnh m vui, mnh c th thnh cng ln c; c ht lng ch thnh, ng nghi ng th cc bn thanh kh s li gip mnh ng m chng. Ging: Ho ny lm ch trong qu , c ti, c a v cao, li c ho 5 (vua) ht lng tin, nn to hnh phc c cho ngi , thnh cng ln c. Nhng l ho dng c nht trong qu mt mnh m ng gnh nng, c lc chn nn, nghi ng, nn Ho t khuyn c ch thnh, th s c nhiu bn ti gip. 5. : , , . Lc ng: Trinh tt, hng, bt t.
Dch: ho 5, m : Bnh hoi, dai dng nhng khng cht. Ging: Ho 5, a v ch tn, nhng m nhu, v c ho 4 c lng dn, gnh ht vic thin h, chuyn quyn; 5 chng phi lm g c, ch chm m trong cnh hoan lc (v thi D), nn v vi mt ngi b bnh hoi. Nhng may l c 5 c trung m 4 cng khng p bc, nn vn gi c h v, cng nh b bnh dai dng m khng cht. Phan Bi Chu cho ho 5 ny ng l trng hp cc vua L nhu nhc b cha Trnh chuyn quyn, nhng vn gi c h v. 6. : ,, Thng lc: Minh d, thnh hu du, v cu. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: m ti v hoan lc, nhng nu bit sa i nt xu th khng li. Ging: ho ny m nhu, bt trung bt chnh, li thi cui qu D, cho nn v vi ngi m ti v hoan lc. Nhng cng may, ho ny trong ngoi qui Chn, Chn c ngha l ng, c hy vng nhc nhch t cng c, nh vy s khng xu. Chng ta nhn thy tn qu l Vui, m su ho ch c hai ho (2 v 4) l tt, cn 4 ho kia xu nhiu hay t c, xu nht l ho 1 v kiu mn, khoe khoang n o ci vui bt chnh ca mnh; m tt nht l ho 2, v khng ham vui m gi vng ch mnh. Phan Bi Chu dn cu Sinh u hon, nhi t an lc ca Mnh t kt, l tm tt c trit l ca qu ny. Quc gia cng nh c nhn, h sng trong cnh vui sng, vui v qu th s mau cht. TR LI BIU 17. QU TRCH LI TY Trn l oi (chm), di l Chn (ng, sm st)
theo. Thon t: : , , , , Ty: Nguyn, hanh, li, trinh, v cu. Dch: Theo nhau: rt hanh thng, nhng phi theo iu chnh ng, v iu chnh ng (trinh) mi c li, khng c li. Ging: oi trn l vui v, Chn di l ng; l ci tng hnh ng m c ngi vui theo. Li c th ging: Chn l sm, oi l chm, sm ng trong chm, nc chm theo ting sm m cng ng, cho nn gi l ty.
D l vui v, vui v th c nhiu ngi theo nn tip sau l qu Ty. Ty l
Li thon t qu ny ch khc li Thon t qu Cn v c thm hai ch v cu (khng c li) sau, m ngha thay i hn. Chng ti dch nh trn l theo Chu Hi: nguyn hanh (rt hanh thng) l c (tnh cch) ca Ty; cn trinh (chnh ng) l iu kin cho Ty c li m khng c li. Phan Bi Chu hiu hi khc: c nguyn, hanh, li, trinh u l iu kin Ty c li m khng c li. Theo ngi nhng phi theo ci hay, theo o ; ngi c rt thin (nguyn) , vic c thng thun (hanh), c ci li cng (li), th mi nn theo, v khi theo th phi gi tit tho (trinh) th mi khng c li. i khi ba cch hiu cng khng khc nhau my. M qu Ty so vi qu Cn th km xa. Thon truyn bn rng thm, a mt iu kin na: Theo m phi ng thi mi c. V d thi Hn, Vng Mng cng mun lm mt cuc cch mng x hi; rt cng bng, tt; nhng thi sm qua, nn tht bi. Ti i Tng, Vng an Thch cng tht bi, nh vy l khng hp thi. V Thon truyn nhn mnh vo ci ngha ty thi . (Ty thi chi ngha i h tai!) Ho t; 1. : , , S cu: Quan hu du, trinh ct, xut mn giao hu cng. Dch: Ho 1, dng : ch trng thay i, h chnh th tt, ra ngoi giao thip th c cng. Ging: ch quan y c ngha l ch, ch du c ngha l thay i . Chu Hi hiu l ch trng thay i. Phan Bi Chu hiu l ci th ca mnh thay i, v ho 1 l dng ng l lm ch hai ho m trn, nhng ngc li phi ty hai ho (v ho dng di cng). Hiu theo cch no th vn : c chnh ng, theo l phi, th tt (trinh ct). ng theo t tnh, m theo ngi ngoi (xut mn) nu h phi , th thnh cng. 2. : , Lc nh: H tiu t, tht trng phu. Dch: Ho 2, m: Rng buc vi k thp km (nguyn vn l : con nt) m mt k trng phu. Ging: Ho ny m nhu,khng bit gi mnh, gn u ty y, nn rng buc vi ho 1 dng (tiu t), m b mt ho 5 cng dng , trn, ng hp vi n. Qu ny, h l ho m th khng dng ch ty l theo, m dng ch h l rng buc, c cho rng m nhu th v t tnh, hoc li lc m qun qut, cn dng cng th v chnh ngha m theo. 3. : , ; , Lc tam: H trng phu, tht tiu t; Ty hu cu c, li c trinh. Dch: Ho 3, m: Rng buc vi trng phu, b k thp km; theo nh vy cu xin ci g th c y, nhng phi chnh ng mi c li. Ging: Ho ny cng m nhu nh ho 2, gn u thn cn y, cho nn thn vi ho 4 dng cng, c a v trn (tc vi trng phu) m b ho 1 (tiu t). N xin 4 ci g cng c v 4 hi c th lc; nhng Ho t khuyn ng xu th trc li, phi gi t cch chnh ng th mi tt. 4. : , , , Cu t: Ty hu hoch, trinh, hung.
Hu phu, ti o, d minh h cu. Dch: Ho 4, dng : Theo th thu hoch c ln y, nhng d l vn ngay m cng c th gp hung c. C gi lng ch thnh, theo o l, ly c sng sut m ng ph th khng c li. Ging: Ho ny nh mt v cn thn, c vua tin cy (5 v 4 cng l dng c), vo thi Ty l thin h theo mnh, nh vy thu hoch c ln (c th hiu l c lng dn, hoc lp c s nghip); nhng chnh v vy m c th gp hung (chng hn b ng l chuyn quyn, b vua ganh ght nh Nguyn Tri). Cho nn Ho t khuyn gi lng ch thnh theo o l sng sut ng ph (ngha l c ba c: tn, nhn, tr) th mi khi li. 5. : , Cu ng: phu vu gia, ct. Dch: Ho 5, dng. Tn thnh vi iu thin th tt. Ging: Ho 5, dng cng, v tn, trung v chnh, li ng hp vi ho 2, cng trung chnh, cho nn rt tt. Gia , iu thin, y l c trung chnh. 6. : , Thng lc: cu h chi, mi tng duy chi. Vng dng hanh vu Ty Sn. Dch: Ho trn cng, m. Rng buc ly, theo m tht cht ly; Thi Vng nh Chu, c nhn tm nh vy mi lp c nghip vng hanh thnh Ty sn (tc K sn). Ging: Ho ny cui qu Ty, l c nhn tm theo n cng cc, nh tht cht vi mnh, nh vua Thi Vng nh Chu, lnh nn r ch, b p Mn m chy sang t K Sn (nm -1327), ngi p Mn gi tr trai gi dt du nhau theo, ng nh i ch. Chng ti theo Phan Bi Chu m dch cu: Vng dng hanh vu Ty sn nh vy. Chu Hi bo ch [ ] phi c l hng v hiu l : vua dng thnh m lm t hng t Ty Sn. J. Legge cng dch nh Chu Hi. R.Wilhem cng c l hng m hiu khc na: Vua cho nhng cng thn c ph hng (th chung vi t tin nh Chu) nh Thi Miu ti Ty Sn. Qu ny khuyn chng ta ch nn theo chnh ngha (ch ng v t tnh, v li) v bit ty thi, nh vy th tt ti cng c (ho cui, t n cc im m vn khng xu.) TR LI BIU 18. QU SN PHONG C Trn l Cn (ni), di l Tn (gi)
Vui theo th tt c cng vic lm, cho nn sau qu Ty, ti qu C. C c hai ngha: nt v cng vic. H nt th phi sa sang li, th l c cng vic. Thon t: : , , C: Nguyn hanh, li thip i xuyn Tin gip tam nht, hu gip tam nht. Dch: nt m lm li mi th rt tt, vt qua sng ln th li. Ba ngy trc ngy gip (ngha l phi tm nguyn nhn t trc), ba ngy sau ngy gip (phi ngh n tng lai nn th no). Ging: Qu ny trn l ni, di l gi, gi ng ni, qut li, l tng lon, khng yn, tt phi c cng vic. Cng c th ging nh sau: tn di l thun, m Cn trn l ngng ch; ngi di th thun m ngi trn c ngi im; hoc ngi di mt mc nhu, ngi trn mt mc cng (Tn thuc m, m ho 1 cng l m, cn Cn thuc dng, m ho cui cng thuc dng ), nn ngi di, nh vy mi s s nt, phi lm li. nt m lm li th rt nn, rt tt; phi xng pha nguy him, nhng ri s c li. Tuy nhin phi suy ngh, c k hoch trc sau. V d bt tay vo vic l ngy gip, th phi ngh ti ba ngy trc ngy gip, tc ngy tn [], tm xem v l g m c s nt, v mun i c sang mi (mi cng l tn, nhng ch tn ny [], ngi Trung Hoa thng c cch mn mt ch ng m din mt khc) th phi lm sao. Ri li ngh n ba ngy sau, tc ngy inh [ ] , m inh ninh (ch [ ] ny) phng b cho tng lai. Lm li mi m c nh vy th rt tt. Thon truyn v i tng truyn khng ging g khc. Ho t: 1. : , , , , S lc: Cn ph chi c, hu t, kho v cu , l, chung ct. Dch: Ho 1, m: Sa sang s nt ca cha; nh con m cha khng li; nhng cng c th nguy y, phi bit rn s, sau mi tt. Qu C ny ly vic trong nh lm th d, nn ni n cha, con. 2. : , Cu nh: Cn mu chi c, bt kh trinh. Dch: Ho 2, dng : Sa sang s nt ca m, khng nn c chp (trinh) Ging: Ho ny dng cng, c trung, trn ng vi ho 5 m nhu, nn v nh con (2) vi m (5). Ho 2 c ti, sa sang c, nhng tnh cng cng, c th xung t vi 5, cho nn Ho t khuyn ng c chp m phi mm do. 3. : , ,
Cu tam: Cn ph chi c, tiu hu hi, v i cu. Dch: Ho 3, dng: sa sang s nt ca cha, c cht hi hn nhng khng c li ln. Ging: Ho ny l dng li v dng, l qu cng, nng ny, khng hp o trung cho nn lm vi vic ng n nn; nhng lm ni vic, c chnh, nn khng n ni c li ln. V nh ngi con trung ngn, trc gin m gi c o l cho cha. 4. : , Lc t: D ph chi C, vng kin ln. Dch: Ho 4, m: (V dng dng m ch) ko di s nt ca cha, nu c nh vy hoi th s hi tic. Ging: Ho m, nhu li v m, l ngi thiu ngh lc, nht nht, khng dm cng quyt sa s nt ca cha, cho n ko di hoi th xu cho c gia nh m phi hi hn. 5. : , Lc ng: Cn ph chi c, dng d Dch: Ho 5, m: sa s nt cho cha, m c ting khen. Ging: m nhu ngi ch tn, khng ti sng nghip, nhng nh c c trung m di ng vi ho 2, dng cng l ngi c ti, sa s nt c, rt cuc thnh cng, c hai c ting khen. 6. : , Thng cu: Bt s vng hu, cao thng k s. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng : Khng xu ph bc vng hu, m nu cao t cch (c ca mnh.) Ging: Ho ny dng cng trn ho 5, nh mt v hin nhn qun t cao khit, ngoi mi vic, khng mng ph qu, khng xu ph vng hu, gi ch hng ca mnh lm php tc trong thin h. Ngi Trung Hoa rt trng c hiu, m c hiu trc ht l gi c danh d cho gia nh, lm v vang cho t tin, cho nn nu cha m lm iu g tri o l th con c bn phn can ngn (cha c con nh vy l nh c phc), nu cn nhu nhc qu, dng dng khng dm can th c li ln; nu cng cng qu m xung t vi cha m th c li, nhng nh, tt nht l gi o trung, mm mng m kin tr, ngoi nhu m trong cng. Qu ny kt mt cch bt ng: ho trn cng khng ni g v vic sa sang s nt c, m ch khen bc hin nhn treo gng danh tit cho thin h soi. Nn : C l nt, rt xu m thon t khen l tt, ch v nt th phi lm li, canh tn, m canh tn l iu rt tt. Khng c g suy cc m khng thnh ln, ti lc cng m khng bt u tr li. TR LI BIU 19. QU A TRCH LM Trn l Khn (t), di l oi (chm).
T qui truyn ging: C l cng vic, c cng vic ri mi lm ln c; cho nn sau qu C ti qu Lm. Lm c ngha l ln. Nhng Lm cn c ngha na l ti (nh lm chung l ti lc cui cng, ti lc cht; hoc lm h: ngi trn ti ngi di). Thon t: : , Lm: Nguyn hanh, li trinh. Ch vu bt nguyt hu hung. Dch: (dng) ln ln v ti, rt hanh thng, chnh nh th li. n thng 8 (hoc tm thng na) s xu. Ging: Mi u l qu Khn, 5 ho m. Mt ho dng ti thay ho 1 m di, ri mt ho dng na ti thay ho 2 m, thnh ra qu Lm . Th l dng cung ln dn, ti ngy thnh ln, nn gi l Lm. Mt cch ging na: trn chm (oi) c t, tc l t ti st nc, nn gi l Lm (ti gn). Theo cch ging th nht, dng cng ln ln m m nhu tiu ln, th l o gn ti lc thng, cho nn bo l rt hanh thng. Xt theo ho th ho 2 cng trung, ng vi ho 5, nhu trung, nhn s c phn vui v, cng hanh thng na (Thon truyn) . Trong cnh hanh thng, ng nn phng tng m nn gi vng chnh o, (li trinh): nu khng th n thng 8 (hoc tm thng na) s hung. C nhiu thuyt ging hai ch bt nguyt y chng ti khng bit tin thuyt no ch xin hiu i l sau ny s hung; m khng chp nhng thuyt . i tng truyn bn thm: t ti st chm, c ci tng qun t ti dn, gio ha dn khng bao gi thi, bao dung, gi gn dn khng c gii hn (v cng) . Ho t 1. : , . S cu: Hm lm, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 1, dng : Cng ti, gi chnh o th tt. Ging: Trong qu ny ch c hai ho dng ti ln bn ho m, cho nn hai ho dng phi hp lc nhau cng ti, mi chin thng c. Ho 1 c chnh (v l dng m v dng l) cho nn khuyn nn gi chnh o ca mnh. Chu Hi, theo Trnh Di cho ch hm y c ngha l cm, ho 1 dng ng hp vi ho 4 m, nh vy l v cm ng vi ho 4 m ti. 2. : , , Cu nh: Hm lm, ct, v bt li. Dch: Ho 2, dng : cng ti, tt, khng g l khng li. Ging: Ngha cng nh ho 1. Ho 2, dng cng c trung, gp lc dng ng ln, cho nn hin ti tt lnh m tng lai cng thun li. Tiu tng truyn thm 4 ch: v thun mnh d (cha thun mnh vy). Trnh Di ging l ho 2, dng trung, cm ng vi ho 5 m trung , hai ho cm ng
vi nhau khng phi v theo mnh ca ngi trn, cho nn tt, khng g l khng li. Chu Hi khng chp nhn li ging , bo: cha r ngha ra sao Phan Bi Chu ging: ho 1 v 2 phi cng ti th mi tt, phi ly sc ngi gip mnh tri, ch khng ngi yn m ch mnh tri. 3. : , ; , Lc tam: Cam lm, v du li; K u chi, c cu. Dch: Ho 3 m: Ngt ngo (a dua) m ti ( d d ho 2) th khng c li u; nhng bit lo sa tnh th khng c li na. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, bt trung, bt chnh nn v vi bn tiu nhn, dng li ngt ngo m d d ho 2. 4. : , Lc t: Chi lm, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: Ht lng thnh thc ti vi ho 1, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny cng l m nhu, nhng c chnh (m v m), c lng thnh thc, li ng vi ho 1 l ngi c ti, chnh ng (ho 1 cng c chnh), nn khng c li g c. 5. : , , Lc ng: Tr lm, i qun chi nghi, ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: Dng c sng sut m ti, ng l t cch mt v nguyn th, tt. Ging: ho m ny v ch tn, c c trung, ng hp vi ho 2, dng , c th v vi mt v nguyn th tuy t ti (m) nhng sng sut, bit ngi no c ti (ho 2), tn nhim, y thc vic nc cho ngi , nh vy kt qu chc tt. 6. : , , Thng lc: n lm, ct, v cu. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Ly lng n hu m ti (vi i), tt, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny l m, cui cng ngoi qui Khn, l c c rt nhu thun, thi Lm, tc thi ca dng, ca qun t ng tin, n hng v hai ho dng di cng (mc du khng ho no trong 2 ho ng vi n) m dt my ho m kia theo hai ho dng , cho nn khen n l n hu, tt, khng c li. TR LI BIU 20. QU PHONG A QUN Trn l Tn (gi) di l Khn (t)
Lm l ln, vt g n lc ln th mi ng biu th cho ngi ta thy, cho nn sau qu Lm ti qu Qun cng c l Quan. Qun l biu th cho ngi ta thy, Quan l xem xt Thon t: : , Qun: Qun nhi bt tin, hu phu ngung nhc. Dch: Biu th (lm mu mc cho ngi ta thy) cng nh ngi ch t, lc sp t, ra tay (qun ) cho tinh khit, by nhiu cng ri, khng cn phi by mm c dng ln (tin); mnh ch thnh (phu) nh vy th ngi khc cng ch thnh tn ngng (ngung) mnh. Ging: Theo tng qu, Tn trn, Khn di l gi thi trn t, tng trng cho s c ng khp mi loi, hoc xem xt (quan) khp mi loi. Li thm: hai ho dng trn, bn ho m di, l dng biu th (qun) cho m; m trng (quan) vo dng m theo. l gii ngha tn qu. Thon t v Thon truyn a mt th d cho ta d hiu. Mun biu th (qun) l mu mc cho ngi khc thy th nn c lng ch thnh nh ngi ch t, lc sp t, ra tay cho tinh khit, l iu quan trng nht, cn vic dng c, thuc v vt cht, c nhiu cng c, c t cng c, v d nh khng c, ch dng hng, hoa cng tt. Ho 5 trong qu ngi ch tn, c c dng cng, trung chnh, chnh l ngi cho thin h trng vo m cm ha theo. Ngi nn coi o tri lng lng vy m bn ma vn hnh khng sai, m ly lng ch thnh lm gng cho dn, dy dn, dn s khng ai khng phc. Ho t: 1 : , , S lc: ng quan, tiu nhn v cu, qun t ln. Dch: Ho 1, m: Tr con nhn ln (khng hiu g), tiu nhn th khng ng trch, qun t m nh vy th hi tic. Ging: Tn qu th c l Qun, ngi trn (ho 5) biu th, lm gng cho ngi di. Nhng xt tng ho th c l quan, ngi di xem xt t cch, hnh vi ca ngi trn. Ho 5, dng , c trung lm ch qu, tng trng cho ngi trn, ng vua. Ho no cng nhn ln ho 5 c, ho 1 xa qu, nh con nt t m m nhn ln, khng hiu g c, nhng v l con nt, khng ng trch; ngi qun t m nh vy mi ng trch. 2. : , Lc nh: Khuy quan, li n trinh. Dch: Ho 2, m: Nhn ln, ch thch hp vi nt trinh ca n b thi. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, trung chnh, l ngi con gi c nt trinh, ng ln ho 5, khng thy c o l ca 5, con gi nh vy th c. Ngi trng phu m nh th th ng xu h (kh x d Tiu tng truyn.) 3. : , Lc tam: Quan ng sinh, tin thoi. Dch: Ho 3, m: Xt bn thn, hnh vi ca mnh, xem nn tin ln (theo ho 4) hay nn ng yn, ng phi lui xung 2. Ging: Ho ny bt chnh (m m v dng), li trn cng ni qui, c th tin
hay thoi; Ho t khuyn ng ng ln ho 5, c t xt bn thn, hnh vi ca mnh, nu i ph c vi hon cnh th tin ln, khng th thi, nh vy l cha sai ng li. 4. : , Lc t: Quan quc chi quang, li dng tn vu vng. Dch: Ho 4, m: Xem ci quang vinh ca nc m li dng a v thn cn vi vua. Ging: Ho ny m, c chnh, ngay di ho 5, tc l v thn cn vi vua (qu khch ca vua) c vua tn nhim, xem xt c sng ca vua (vua hin th nc mi vinh quang, nn vinh quang ca nc tc l c sng ca vua), m bt chc, em ti sc ra gip i. 5. : , Cu ng: Quan ng sinh qun t, v cu. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Xt bn thn, hnh ng ca ta hp vi o qun t , nh vy l khng c li. Cng c th chm cu nh vy: Quan ng sinh, qun t v cu; v dch l ngi qun t i ny phi xem bn thn, hnh ng ca ta (tc ho 5) m noi theo th khng c li. Ging: Ho 5 ngi ch tn, cng cng m trung chnh l bc qun t lm gng cho 4 ho di, mi ngi u ng vo. Tiu tng truyn bn rng: Quan ng sinh, quan dn d ngha l mun xem c ca ta (ca vua) th c xem phong tc o c ca dn, v vua m hin minh th dn tnh tt, vua u m th dn tnh xu. 6. : , Thng cu: Quan k sinh qun t , v cu. Dch: ho trn cng, dng: xt bn thn, hnh ng ca ho ny hp vi o qun t, nh vy l khng c li. Cng c th chm cu nh vy: quan k sinh, qun t v cu; v dch l : ngi qun t i ny phi xem bn thn, hnh ng ca n (ca ho cui cng) m noi theo th khng c li. Ging: Ho t: ho ny y nh ho t 5, ch khc ho 5 dng ch ng l ta, m ho ny dng ch k l ca n (ca ho trn cng. L v ho 5 l vua, ni vi ho 4 l cn thn, t xng l ta; cn ho ny l li Chu Cng ni v ho trn cng, cng nh ni v cc ho 1, 2, 3, 5 di. Ho trn cng ny cng l dng nh ho 5, cng l qun t , tuy khng phi ngi ch tn, nhng trn cao hn ht, cng lm gng cho cc ho m trng vo. V n c t cch qun t , nn khng c li. Qu Qun ny khuyn ngi trn nu gng cho di v ngi di noi gng ngi trn; nhng tr con v tiu nhn th nhiu khi cha bit noi gng. TR LI BIU 21. QU HA LI PH HP Trn l ly (la), di l Chn (sm)
T qui truyn ging: tnh, l c ch kh quan ri sau mi hp nhau c; nhng mun cho hp nhau th trc ht phi tr s ngn cch , cho nn sau qu Quan, ti qu Ph hp. Ph l cn, l tr (s ngn cch), hp l hp. Thon t: : , Ph hp: Hanh, li dng ngc. Dch: Cn hp li, nh vy l hanh thng; dng vo vic hnh ngc th c li . Ging: Qu Ph hp ny ni v vic hnh ngc. Ho s v ho trn cng l hai vch lin, tng nh hm trn v hm di; gia c ba vch t, l ming h ra; xen vo mt vch lin nh mt ci qu cn ngang ming, lm gin cch hai hm rng; Phi cn gy, tr n i ri hai hm mi hp vi nhau c. Trong x hi, k gin cch l bn gian t, sm nnh bng bt k trn ngi di m trn khng thng ti di, di khng t ti trn. Cho nn phi dng hnh ngc tr chng. Hnh ngc mun c kt qu th phi va uy, va sng sut. Ni qui Chn l uy; ngoi qui Ly l sng sut. Li xt ring ho 5, ho lm ch trong qu; n ngi cao, m nhu m c trung, l c khuyn dng hnh ngc tuy phi uy, phi cng, nhng vn nn c mt cht nhu, hiu sinh; nu ch cng thi th ha ra tn khc, hiu st mt. l i Thon truyn. i tng truyn bo tin vng theo ngha qu Ph hp ny m lm sng t s trng pht v rn bo bng php lut. (Tin vng d minh pht, sc php: , cng c ngi hiu l sp t php lut hoc ban b php lut) Ho t . 1. : , S cu: L gio dit ch, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng : v nh chn p vo ci cm m t ngn chn ci, khng c li ln. Ging: Trong qu ny ho 1 v ho trn cng l ngi khng c chc v, b chu hnh; cn 4 ho kia l ngi c chc v p dng hnh php. Ho 1 di cng l hng dn thng, mi lm by m b ti nh (cm chn, cht ngn chn ci) th s s php nc m sau khng lm iu c na, cho nn khng c li ln. 2. : , ,
Lc nh: Ph phu, dit t, v cu. Dch: Ho 2, m: Cn ming tht mm, st ci mi, khng c li. Ging: ho ny cng nh ba ho sau, dng ch ph (cn) tr ngi dng hnh php. Ho 2 m nhu c trung, chnh li c ho 5 ng, tc l ngi c vua y cho quyn hnh php, v vy d thu phc c k c ti, cng vic d nh cn ming tht mm. Nhng v ho 2 ci ln ho 1 dng cng, tc nh gp k ng ngnh, nn phi ci ln ho 1 dng cng, tc nh gp k ng ngnh, nn phi qu tay mt cht, k b ti chu hnh pht kh au, nh b cn vo mi, l li ca hn ch ho 2 vn l trung chnh, khng c li. 3. : , , , Lc tam: Ph tch nhc, ng c, tiu ln, v cu. Dch: Ho 3, m: Cn phi ming tht c xng li ng c, ng n hn mt cht, nhng khng c li. Ging: Ho 3, m: Khng trung chnh, dng hnh ngc v khng c ngi phc, c phn b on na, nh cn phi ming tht c xng li ng c; nhng vo qu Ph hp, dng hnh php gi trt t cho x hi, cho nn vic lm ca mnh tuy ng n hn, m khng c li ln. 4. : , , , Cu t: ph can tr (c ngi c l t) c kim th , li gian trinh, ct. Dch: Ho 4, dng : Cn phi th tht lin xng m phi kh, c mi tn ng, chu kh nhc m vng lng gi ng chnh th tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng gn ngi ch tn (ho 5) l ngi cng trc, c trch nhim; li ngoi qui Ly, nn c ti minh an, cho nn d gp k ngoan c cng tr c d dng, nh cn c ming tht lin xng (cng) phi kh, m vn gi c o cng trc, tng bng mi tn bng ng. Nhng v ho ny cng, m cng quyt th e gp kh khn, nn Ho t khuyn phi chu kh nhc, tuy cng m v li nhu (ho th 4, chn), nn li khuyn phi vng ch. C hai iu kin th mi tt. 5. : , , , Lc ng: ph can nhc, c hong kim, trinh, l, v cu. Dch: Ho 5, m: Cn ming tht kh, c vng (danh d qu bu); phi gi vng o, thng lo s, th khng c li. C sch ging v hai ch hong kim nh sau: kim l vt qu, tng trng ngi ch tn ca ho 5, hong l sc ca t, ca trung ng (en l mu ca phng bc, ca phng nam, xanh ca phng ng, trng ca phng ty), tng trng c trung ca ho 5. 6. : , Thng cu: H gio dit nh, hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng : c tra vo gng, b ti ct tai, xu. Ging: Ho ny li ni v k th hnh nh ho 1. Xu hn ho 1, v dng cng
li cui qu, tr hng cc c, nn b ti nng: eo gng, ct tai. Theo h t h truyn, chng V th Khng t bn nh sau: . . .khng tch ly nhiu iu c th khng n ni b dit thn th (nh ho ny). K tiu nhn cho rng (. . .) mt iu c nh l v hi, nn c lm; v vy m cc iu c c tch ly ti lc( . . ) ti ha ln m khng th tha th c. Qu ny xt v vic hnh ngc, i khuyn: Ngi x hnh phi sng sut trc ht, cng quyt m cng cn c c nhu ( bt cng i), c cht t tm, v lun lun phi gi o chnh, thn trng (ho 5). Ho 4 cng tt, v va cng va nhu, c ti v c a v. - Nn rn e dn t khi dn mi mc phi ti nh, nu khng dn s quen lm by, c c tch ly m mc ti ln. TR LI BIU 22. QU SN HA B Trn l Cn (ni), di l Ly (la)
m ng, hp li vi nhau th phi c trt t, uy nghi, c vn v, cho nn tip theo qu Ph Hp l qu Bi l vn v, rc r, sng sa trang sc. Thon t: : , , B: hanh, tiu li, hu du vng. Dch: Trang sc vn v th hanh thng; lm vic g m ch nh trang sc th li b nh m thi. Ging: Trn l ni, di l la; la chiu sng mi vt trn ni, nh vy lm cho ni p ln, trang sc cho ni. Cn mt cch ging na: trong ni qui (vn l qu n Cn) ho 2, m, vn qu n Khn, thay vo ho 2 dng ca qu n Cn, thnh qu n Ly, nh vy l t im cho qu n Cn. Trong ngoi qui (vn l qu n Khn) ho trn cng vn qu n Cn, li thay ho trn cng ca qu n khn, thnh qu n Cn. Ni cch khc, vn tt m khng sai my th ni qui c mt ho m trang sc cho hai ho dng , cn ngoi qui c mt ho dng trang sc cho hai ho m, v vy m gi l qu B: trang sc. Vt g cng vy: c cht, tinh thn; m li thm vn, hnh thc, th tt (hanh thng), nhng nu ch nh trang sc m thnh cng th li t thi. Thon truyn bn rng thm: m nhu v dng cng giao vi nhau, thay i ln nhau (tc ho 2 v ho trn cng nh trn mi ging). l ci vn v t nhin
(thin vn) ca tri; cn ci vn v nhn to (nhn vn) th nn hn ch (qu Cn trn c ngha l ngn, hn ch), v tuy n c cng gio ha thin h, nhng nhiu qu th vn thng cht, xu. i tng truyn cn khuyn: Vic chnh tr nh th dng trang sc c; cn vic quan trng nh phn on hnh ngc th ng nn qu quyt, t im thm. Ho t. 1. : , S cu: B k ch, x xa nhi . Dch: Ho 1, dng, Trang sc, trau gii ngn chn (a v thp) ca mnh; b cch sung sng l ngi xe m nn i b (chu kh nhc). Ging: Ho ny dng cng, cui cng ni qui Ly, tc nh ngi c c sng sut m a v thp nht. Ch nn trau gii phm hnh ca mnh trong a v (v nh ngn chn, b phn thp nht trong thn th), m an bn, chu i b ch ng ngi xe. 2. : Lc nh: B k tu. Dch: Ho 2, m: trang sc b ru. Ging: Ch tu y ngha l ru, cng nh ch tu : Ho ny lm ch ni qui ly, c cng dng trang sc cho qu Ly, c bit l cho ho 3 dng trn n, cho nn v n nh b ru trang sc cho ci cm (ho 3). N phi ph vo ho 3 m hnh ng. Ho 3 c tt th tc ng ca ho 2 mi tt, cng nh phi c ci cm p th ru mi thm p, nu cm xu th ru cng thm kh coi. Ni rng ra th bn cht phi tt, xng vi s trang sc; cht v vn phi xng nhau. 3. : , . Cu tam: B nh, nhu nh,vnh trinh ct. Dch: Ho 3, dng: Trang sc m m thm, h gi vng chnh o th tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, c chnh, li trn cng ni qui ly, c ci ngha rt vn minh; tng trng ngi c ti trang sc cho hai ho m trn v di n, tnh rt m thm vi hai ho m (c ngi dch nhu nh l trang sc mt cch nhun nh, thm nhun). V vy m nn coi chng, ng say m v t tnh, m phi bn gi chnh o th mi tt, khng b ngi xm ln (mc chi lng d: Tiu tng truyn). 4. : , , , Lc t: B nh, b (c ngi c l ba) nh, bch m hn nh, ph khu, hn cu. Dch: ho 4 m: Mun trang sc cho nhau (nhng khng c) nn ch thy trng tot. Ho 4 nh ci nga trng m chy nh bay (ui kp ho 1), rt cuc ci nhau c v k gin cch hai bn (ho 3) khng phi k cp (ngi xu). Ging: ho 4 m nhu, ng vi ho 1 dng cng, c hai u c chnh ,tnh hp nhau, mun trang sc cho nhau, nhng b ho 3 gia ngn cch, nn khng trang sc cho nhau c, ch thy trng tot (trng ngha l khng c mu, khng
trang sc). Mc du b 3 cn tr, 4 vn c ui theo 1, rt cuc 3 vn cng chnh, khng phi l xu, khng mun lm hi 4 v 1, cp ny kt hn vi nhau c. 5. : , , , Lc ng: b vu khu vin, thc bch tin tin, ln, chung ct. Dch : Ho 5, m: Trang sc g vn, m dng tm la nh, mng, tuy l bn xn, ng ch ci y, nhng rt cuc c tt lnh. Ging: Ho 5, m nhu, c trung, lm ch qu B; v l m nhu nn c tnh qu tn tin, lo trang sc ci g hu dng nh vn tc thi, m li ch dng tm la nh, mng cho tn, cho nn b ci ch, nhng nh vy cn hn l xa hoa, m bit trng ci gc l s cht phc, cho nn cui cng vn c tt lnh, c hnh phc cho dn (hu h d: li Tiu tng truyn.) 6. : , Thng cu: Bch b, v cu. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: ly s t phc, nh mu trng (khng mu m g c) lm trang sc, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny l thi cui cng ca qu B, trang sc, mu m cng cc ri; m vt cc tc phn, ngi ta li tr li s cht phc, nn khng c li g c. Trong vn hc s, chng ta thy sau nhng thi duy m qu mc, ngi ta li phc c, tr li li vn bnh d, t nhin thi xa. i qu B ny l c vn v, c trang sc mi l vn minh, nhng vn nn trng cht hn vn, ly cht lm th, ly vn lm dng, v khng nn xa hoa, mu m qu. TR LI BIU 23. QU SN A BC Trn l Cn (ni) di l Khn (t)
B l trang sc, trau gii; trau gii ti cc im th mn ht. Cho nn sau qu B ti qu Bc. Bc l mn, l bc, lt b cho tiu mn ln i. Thon t : Bc: Bt li hu du vng. Dch: Tiu mn: H tin ti (hnh ng) th khng li. Ging: Theo tng qu, nm ho m chim ch ca dng, m ti lc cc thnh,
dng ch cn c mt ho, sp n lc tiu ht. Do gi l qu thnh, dng, ch cn mt ho sp n lc tiu ht. Do gi l qu Bc. thi tiu nhn c ch honh hnh, qun t (ho dng trn cng) ch nn ch thi, khng nn hnh ng. Ch thi v theo lut t nhin, m thnh cc ri s suy, m dng suy cc ri s thnh . (Lo T khuyn: i tr nhc ngu, i dng nhc khip, i xo nhc chuyt (vng) ngha l phi tm giu ci khn, ci kho, ci dng ca mnh c yn thn i ch c hi). Thon truyn: ging thm: nn thun o tri m ngng mi hot ng v ni qui l Khn, c ngha l thun, ngoi qui l Chn c ngha l ngng; m o tri l ht hao mn (tiu) th s pht sinh (tc) ni v cc cho dng; m ht y (doanh) th s trng khng (h) ni v cc ho m trong qu ny. i tng truyn: ch xt tng ca qu m a ra mt ngha khc: ngoi qui l ni, ni qui l t; ni trn t, t l nn mng ca ni; t c dy th ni mi vng; vy ngi trn (nh cm quyn) phi lo cho dn an c lc nghip th a v ca ngi trn mi vng. thm vo, khng c trong thon t. Ho t: 1. : , , S lc: Bc sng d tc, mit trinh, hung. Dch: Ho 1, m: nh ct (ph hoi) chn ging, dn dn s lm tiu dit o chnh ca ngi qun t, xu. Ging: m (tiu nhn) bt u tiu dit dng (qun t ), cng nh bt u ph ci ging t di chn tr ln. 2. : , , Lc nh: bc sng d bin, mit trinh, hung. Dch: Ho 2, m: nh ph ti then ging (c ngi dch l thnh ging, hay sn ging), tiu dit o chnh ca ngi qun t, xu. Ging: Ngha ho ny cng nh ho 1: bn tiu nhn tin thm mt bc na, ph ti then ging ri, cha ti mt ging. 3. : , Lc tam: Bc chi, v cu. Dch: Ho 3 m: Ph b b ng ca mnh, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny cng l m nhu, tiu nhn, nhng v ng vi ho dng, qun t, trn cng, cho nn theo ho m b cc ho m trn v di n (tc cc ho 1, 2, 4) chu mt lng vi cc ho m ny (li Tiu tng truyn) m theo o chnh, cho nn khng c li. 4. : , Lc t: Bc sng d phu, hung. Dch: ho 4, m: ph ging m xo ti da tht ngi nm trn ging na, xu. Ging: Ho m ny ln ti ngoi qui, th l tiu nhn honh hnh, qun t b hi qu au, tai ha bc thit qu ri; xu. 5. : , ,
Lc ng: Qun ng, d cung nhn sng, v bt li. Dch: Ho 5, m: Dt by cung nhn nh mt xu c (m ch by tiu nhn), ln hu vua (tc theo ngi qun t, ho dng trn cng), nh vy l tiu nhn bit thun tng qun t, khng c g l khng li. Ging: Ho ny lm th lnh by m. Theo ngha my ho trn, chng ta tng ho ny cng ph mnh hng qun t hn na; nhng ngc li. Ho t ly l rng ho 5, st ho dng trn cng thn cn vi 6, chu nh hng tt ca 6, nn dt c by m (v nh mt xu c c thuc loi m) theo ho 6 qun t cng nh b hu dt by cung phi ln hu vua. Th l theo o chnh, cho nn khng g l khng li. Theo Phan Bi Chu, s d c nhn ti ho ny b ci ngha m tiu dit dng, m cho ci ngha m thun theo dng, l khuyn khch tiu nhn ci t qui chnh, m gip qun t. Kinh dch "V qun t mu (lo tnh cho qun t) l ngha . C th nh vy. L do chnh th coi ho sau ta s thy. 6. : , , Thng cu: thc qu bt thc, Qun t c d, tiu nhn bc l. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: Cn mt tri ln trn cy, khng hi xung n ( ni dng tc qun t khng bao gi ht). Qun t ho ny c qun chng (d) theo; cn tiu nhn th bit rng nu dit ht qun t tc l ph nh chng (chng cng khng cn). Ging: C qu ch c mi ho ny l dng cho nn v vi tri cy ln cn li trn cy, khng hi xung n th c ngy n s rng m mc mm, nh vy l o qun t khng bao gi ht. Ho 3 v 5 ko cc ho m khc theo ho dng ny, cho nn bo l qun t c dn chng theo. Ho dng ny trn cng, cng nh ci nh che cho tt c cc ho m di. Nu bn tiu nhn ph nh cho sp ngha bng l khng cn qun t th quc gia suy vong, chng tc tiu ditth chng cng khng sng c, khng c chn dung thn. Vy ta thy s d Chu Cng, ngi vit Ho t, cho ho 5 theo ho trn cng (m theo dng) l v l c th x hi mi tn ti c, khng khi no ngi tt b dit ht. Qu ny ni v thi m thnh dng suy, tiu nhn tn hi qun t, tiu nhn tuy rt ng, nhng vn c mt s (ho 3 v 5) hiu o ci qu, ng v phe qun t, v khi x hi lm nguy th ng h qun t. Ngi qun t mi u ch nn im hi lng ting m ch thi, chun b cho lc thnh tr li. l lut m dng trong v tr; v tr lun lun c c m, dng ; khi m cc thnh, vn cn dng, khi dng cc thnh cng vn cn m, m dng c thay nhau ln xung, th thi.
TR LI BIU 24. QU A LI PHC Trn l Khn (t), di l Chn (sm)
Vt khng bao gi ti cng tn; qu Bc, ho dng trn cng th li quay tr xung di cng (cng thng phn h); cho nn sau qu Bc ti qu Phc. Phc l tr li (pht sinh di). Nh vy l o tiu nhn thnh cc th phi tiu, o qun t suy cc th li thnh ln. Thon t. : , , , , Phc: Hanh, Xut nhp v tt, bng lai v cu. Phn phc k o, tht nht lai phc, li hu du vng. Dch: Tr li: Hanh thng. Ra vo khng gp tai nn, bn b s ln lt ti, khng lm li na. Vn tri phn phc (tro i tr li), c by ngy th tr li, hnh ng vic g cng c li. Ging: Kh dng by gi tr li, cho nn hanh thng. Ngi qun t (dng) ra vo t do, khng b tai nn; ri s c cc ho dng khc ko nhau ti, cng nh bn b ti, khng cn lm li na ( mun ni; sau qu ny s ti qu Lm, c hai ho dng di, ri ti qu Thi, c ba ho dng di, ti qu i trng (4 ho dng) qu Qui, (5 ho dng) qu Cn (c 6 ho u dng), th l su qu dng c tng ln. l vn phn phc ca tri t, c by ngy th tr li. Ch nht (ngy) y thay cho ch ho; by ngy mi tr li v sau qu Cn, ti qu Cu, mt ho m sinh di 5 ho dng, ngc li vi qu Phc (mt ho dng di 5 ho m), lc mi ht mt vng (1). Thon truyn ging thm: S d ra vo khng b tai nn, bn b ko ti, khng cn lm li, v tng ca qu: ni qui Chn l ng, ngoi qui Khn l thun; hot ng m thun theo o tri th tt. Ci o ca tri l tnh lu ri th ng, c nhiu ri th thin, c vy vn vt mi sinh si ny n. Xem qu Phc ny thy mt ho dng bt u tr li, tc l thy ci lng yu, nui dng vn vt ca tri t (kin thin a ch tm). i tng truyn bo cc vua i xa ti ngy ng ch, ngy m dng bt u sinh (tng ca qu Phc: sm np di t) th ng cc ca i, khng cho khch i ng v con bun qua li m vua cng khng i xem xt cc a phng, l c mun yn lng nui ci kh dng mi sinh. Ho t. 1. : , , S cu: Bt vin phc, v k hi, nguyn ct. Dch: Ho 1, dng. Tuy lm li nhng thi gian chng xa, tr li tt lnh ngay, th khng n ni n nn ln; rt tt (ch K y c ngha l ln). Ging: Ho 1, dng cng, u qu Phc, c ngha l ngi u tin tr li
o, bit tu thn, nn rt tt. Theo H t h truyn chng V, th Khng t cho rng Nhan Hi c c ca ho 1 ny, v Nhan c li lm g th bit ngay m bit ri th sa lin khng mc ln th nh na. 2. : , Lc nh: Hu phc, ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: Tr li p (hu), tt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu c trung, chnh, vn tt ri, m li gn ho 1 l ngi qun t, tc l ngi bit khc k, tr li o nhn ngha; cho nn tuy l m m tt lnh. 3. : , , Lc tam: Tn phc, l, v cu. Dch: ho 3, m (Mc li nhng) sa li nhiu ln, tuy ng nguy, m kt qu khng c li. Ging: Ho ny bt trung, bt chnh, li thi cui cng ca ni qui Chn (c ngha l ng), v nh ngi khng bn ch, theo iu thin khng c lu, sa li ri li mc li tr li, nh th l ng nguy (l), nhng li bit phc thin sa i sa li nhiu ln, nn rt cuc khng c li. 4. : , Lc t: Trung hnh, c phc. Dch: Ho 4, m: gia cc tiu nhn (cc ho m: 2,3 v 5,6 ) m mt mnh tr li theo qun t (ho 1), tc theo o. Ging: ho ny m nhu, c chnh gia cc ho m, nhng ch mt mnh n ng vi ho 1 l dng, qun t, cho nn Ho t khen l mt mnh n bit theo ngi thin. 5. : , Lc ng: n phc, v hi. Dch: Ho 5, m: C c dy tr li iu thin, khng c g hi hn. Ging: Ho ny nhu thun, c trung li v tn qu, nh mt ngi c c dy phc thin (tr li iu thin), bit t sa mnh, cho nn khng hi hn. 6. : , , , , , Thng lc: M phc, hung, hu tai snh, Dng hnh s, chung hu i bi, d k quc qun hung, ch vu thp nin, bt khc chnh. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: M mui, khng tr li, s b tai v t ngoi a n (tai) v t mnh gy nn (snh); vy li cy v lc m dng qun n p ngi, rt cuc s i bi, lm cho quc qun cng b khn nn (hung), ti mi nm (ti chung cc) cng khng kh c. Ging: ho ny trn cng, nh k tiu nhn hn m n cng cc, khng bit tr li, cho nn b th tai v. N c th lc nht trong cc ho m (m tiu
nhn ) v trn cng, mun dng v lc n p ngi, rt cuc s i bi, gy v ly cho nc n, khng bao gi kh c. Ch thp (s 10) l s cui cng (s 1 l s u) cho nn thp nin y c ngha l ti cng, ch khng nht nh l 10 nm. Tiu tng truyn bo ho trn cng ny s d hung l v lm tri o vua (phn qun o), tc o ca ho 1. Ho 1 ny l ho dng duy nht trong qu, lm ch c qu cho nn gi l vua. * Qu ny xt v s sa li tr v ng chnh. Tt nht l hng ngi t nhn thy li ri sa lin, khng mc phi ln na, ri ti hng gn ngi tt, m bt chc vui v lm iu nhn, ngha; sau ti hng c c dy tr li iu thin, hng gia k xu m mt mnh theo o; hng khng bn ch, gi iu thin c lu, nhng bit phc thin th cng khng li. Xu nht l hng m mui khng bit tr li ng chnh. ngha khng c g c bit. TR LI BIU 25. QU THIN LI V VNG Trn l Cn (tri), di l Chn (sm)
tr li thin l, chnh o ri th khng lm cn na, cho nn sau qu Phc, ti qu V vng. Vng c ngha l cn, by. Thon t. : , . , V vng: Nguyn hanh, li trinh. K ph chnh hu snh, bt li hu du vng. Dch: khng cn by th rt hanh thng, hp vi chnh o th c li. Ci g khng hp vi chnh o th c hi, c li, hnh ng th khng c li. Ging: Tng qu ny: ni qui l Chn (ngha l ng, hnh ng); ngoi qui l Cn (tri), hnh ng m hp vi l tri th khng cn by, khng cn by th hanh thng, c li. Thon truyn ging r thm: Ni qui nguyn l qu Khn, m ho 1, m bin thnh dng, thnh qu Chn.
Th l dng ngoi ti lm ch ni qui, m cng lm ch c qu v vng, v chnh trong V vng l: ng, hnh ng. ng m cng kin nh ngoi qui Cn, tc l khng cn by. Xt v cc ho th ho 5 dng cng, trung chnh ng, ng vi ho 2 cng trung chnh, th l hp vi thin l, rt hanh thng. thi V vng (khng cn by) mnh khng gi chnh o m i th i u c? Ch i (vng) y ngha rng l hnh ng (nguyn vn: V vng chi vng, h chi h? Nn hiu l : v vng: ph chnh chi vng, h chi h; ch chi th nh ny c ngha l i). Tri l tri th tri khng gip, lm sao i c ? i tng truyn bn thm v ci o ca tri (t) l nui nng, v thnh nhn cng theo o m nui nng vn dn. Chng ti cho l ra ngoi . Ho t: 1. : , S cu: v vng, vng ct. Dch: Ho 1, dng: khng cn by, m tin i th tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, lm ch ni qui, l ngi c c, cho nn khen nh vy. 2. : , , Lc nh: Bt canh hoch, bt tri d, tc li hu du vng. Dch: Khi cy th khng ngh ti lc gt, khi mi khai ph (tri) th khng ngh n rung thuc (d), nh vy m tin ti th c li. Ging: Li ho ny qu vn tt, hn in tn ngy nay na, nn ti ngha, c nhiu sch c dch tng ch; khng thng. Chu cng mun bo: Khi cy m khng ngh ti lc gt, khi mi khai ph m khng ngh ti khi rung thuc, c ngha l thy vic chnh ng phi lm th lm m khng ngh n ci li ri mi lm, khng ch trng mong vo kt qu, nh vy mi tt. Ho 2, m, va trung va chnh, ng vi ho 5 cng trung chnh; n vn l m c c thun trong ni qui Chn l ng, nh mt ngi tt hnh ng hp vi trung, chnh, cho nn Ho t bo nh vy m tin th c li. C l chnh v ngha ho ny m S k ca T M Thin chp tn qu l (v vng :khng mong) vi ngha lm iu phi m khng mong c li, c kt qu. Hiu nh vy cng c. 3. : , , , Lc tam: v vng chi tai, hoc h chi ngu, Hnh nhn chi c, p nhn chi tai. Dch: Ho 3, m: khng cn by m b tai v t nhin n nh c k ct con b bn ng (ri b i ch khc), mt ngi i qua (thy b khng c ai coi), dt trm i, c b, m ngi trong p b nghi oan l ly trm b, m mc ha. Ging: c 6 ho trong qu ny u l khng cn by, nhng ho ny khc mt cht l bt trung, bt chnh, nn b tai v; tai v ch l v c m mc. 4. : ,
Cu t: kh trinh, v cu. Dch : Ho 4, dng: nn gi vng t cch th khng c li (hoc: c th gi vng c t cch, cho nn khng c li). Ging : ch Trinh c hai ngha: chnh ng v bn. y nn hiu l bn. Ho 4 ny dng, khng ng hp vi ho no c. (v ho 1 cng l dng cng nh n), khng nn hat ng, nhng n cng kin, c th gi vng c t cch. 5. : , , Cu ng: v vng chi tt, vt dc, hu h. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Khng cn by m v c b bnh (gp tai ha) th ng ung thuc, s ht bnh. Ging: Ho ny a v cao, trung chnh li ng vi ho 2 cng trung chnh, vy l rt tt, chng may c b bnh (gp tai ha) th ng ung thuc (ngha bng l ng chy cht g c, c thn nhin nh Khng t khi b giam t Khung) ri s tai qua nn khi (nh Khng t sau c th ra, v ngi Khung nhn l rng h lm ng vi Dng H, mt ngi m h ght.) 6. : , , Thng cu: V vng, hnh hu snh, v du li. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng. Khng cn by, nhng i (hnh ng) th b ha, khng li g. Ging: Ho t khuyn khng nn hnh ng, mc du vn l v vng, ch v ho ny ti cui cng ca qu ri, ch nn yn lng ch thi. Qu ny cng nhn mnh vo l ty thi. C 6 ho u l v vng c, khng cn by m ty thi, c lc hot ng th tt nh ho 1, 2; c lc li nn thn nhin, chng lm g c, nh ho 5, c lc khng nn hnh ng nh ho 4 (nu hot ng th b ha) v nh ho trn cng. TR LI BIU 26. QU SN THIN I SC Trn l Cn (ni), di l Cn (tri)
Mnh khng c cn by (V vng) ri bn thn mi c th cha c nhiu ti, c, hoi bo, nn sau qu v vng, ti qu i sc. Ch sc trong qu ny cng l ch sc trong qu Phong thin tiu sc, c ba ngha: Nhm cha, nui nng, ngn li. Thon t dng theo ngha cha (sc tch, un sc), m Ho t dng vi ngha ngn li.
Thon t: : , ,; i sc: Li trinh, bt gia thc, ct; li thip i xuyn. Dch: Cha ln: Chnh ng (theo chnh o) th li. Khng phi n cm nh (tc c hng lc ca vua), tt; vt qua sng ln (lm vic kh khn, gian nguy gip nc) th li. Ging: Trn l ni, di l tri, ni m cha c tri th sc cha ca n tht ln, cho nn gi l i sc. Ni v bc qun t th phi cha ti c, ngha l tu luyn cho ti c un sc; trc ht phi cng kin nh qu Cn, phi rt thnh thc, rc r (c vn v) nh qu Cn, m nhng c phi mi ngy mt mi, nht tn k c (Thon truyn); phi bit cho n ni n chn, lm cho n ni n chn, c tri ln hnh (i tng truyn). Ngi no un sc c nh vy th c quc gia nui, v khi x hi gp gian trun th cu c (vt qua sng ln), v ng vi tri (nh ho 5 v cao ng vi ho 2 trong qu Cn l tri). Ho t: 1. S cu: Hu l, li d. Dch: Ho 1, dng : c nguy, ngng li th li. Ging: Ho ny cng kin, mun tin ln nhng b ho 4, m trn chn li (trong cc ho, sc c ngha l ngn ch khng c ngha l cha), nu c tin th nguy, ngng li th tt. 2. : Cu nh: D thot phc. Dch: Ho 2, dng, nh chic xe tho ci trc. Ging: Ho ny cng b ho 5, m, ngn li nh ho 1, nhng v c trung ( gia ni qui), nn bit t ngn mnh (nh t tho ci trc xe ra) thi khng i. Nh vy khng c li. 3. : ; , Cu tam: Lng m trc; li gian trinh, Nht nhn d v, li hu du vng. Dch: Ho 3, dng : nh hai con nga tt chy ua nhau; phi chu kh gi o chnh th c li, li phi thng ngy luyn tp, d b cc h thn th tin ln mi c li. Ging: Chng ta : hai ho 1, 2 u l dng cng m u b hai ho m nhu (4 v 5) ngn cn, v tuy cng m trong ni qui (qu di), cng nh cc tng ti nng phi phc tng V Hu, T Hi Thi Hu. Khng phi thi no dng cng thng m c u. Ti ho 3 ny, may c ho trn cng cng l dng, ng vi mnh nh mt ng ch, cho nn c hai hng hi nh hai con nga tt ua nhau chy; nhng hng qu m khng nh rng trn ng gp nhiu gian nan, khng luyn tp phng hng ngy th khng tin c xa, nn Ho t khuyn nh trn. 4. : ,
Lc t: ng ngu chi cc, nguyn ct. Dch: Ho 4, m: nh con b mng cn non, mi nh sng, t ngay mnh g chn sng n, th rt tt. Ging: Trong qu i sc, ho m ny vn ngn chn c ho 1, dng, v tuy n m nhu, nhng ho 1 u qu l dng cn non, nh con b mng mi nh sng, nu kp thi ngn cn ngay, chn sng n li th khng tn cng m c kt qu rt tt. i l phi phng ngay t khi ha mi c mi pht. 5. : , Lc ng: Phn th chi nha, ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: Nh th ngn ci nanh con heo thin th tt. Ging: Ho 2 l dng gi gin, khng non nt nh ho 1, cho nn d hn 1, v nh nanh con heo (rng). Ho 5 mun chn n, m ch b nanh con heo thi th n vn con hung; tt hn ht l thin n cho n ht d, lc d n cn nanh cng khng hay cn na. Ho 5, chn c ho 2 l nh cch , tr tn gc, khng tn cng m kt qu tt. 6. : , Thng cu: h thin chi c, hanh. Dch : Ho trn cng, dng. Sao m thng sut nh dng trn tri vy. Ging: ti ho ny l thi gian cn cng ri, ht tr ngi, ng tht rng ln, bt ngt nh ng trn tri. C ngha l i ln c thi hnh. Qu ny Thon t ni v s sc tch ti c, m Ho t li xt cch ngn cn k hung hn. Hai ho c ngha nht l 4 v 5: mun ngn th phi ngn t khi mi manh nha; v mun dit c th phi dit t gc, tm nguyn nhn chnh m tr th mi khng tn cng, kt qu chc chn.
TR LI BIU 27. QU SN LI DI Trn l Cn (ni), di l Chn (sm)
Sc l cha, c cha nhm vt li ri mi nui c, cho nn sau qu i sc l qu Di. Di c hai ngha: nui nng v ci cm. Nhn hnh qu, chng ta thy nh ci ming m rng, hai nt lin trn v di nh hai ci hm, ton b gi cho ta
ci cm (thay ci mp) li gi cho ta s n ung nui sng. Thon t : . , Di : Trinh ct. Quan di, t cu khu thc. Dch: Nui: h ng chnh o th tt. Xem cch nui ngi v t nui mnh. Ging: Nui tinh thn hay th cht, cng phi hp chnh o th mi tt. Xem cch nui ngi v t nui mnh th bit tt hay xu. Thon truyn suy rng ra: Tri t kho nui vn vt m vn vt sinh si ny n v mi mt; thnh nhn dng nhng ngi hin gip mnh trong vic nui dn chng; ci o nui nng ln nh vy . i tng truyn a thm mt na: theo ci tng ca qu, th di ni c ting sm, dng kh bt u pht m vn vt trong ni c pht trin nh vy l tri t nui vt. Ngi qun t t nui mnh th phi cn thn v li ni nui ci c, v tit v n ung nui thn th (Qun t d thn ngn ng, tit m thc). L v i, ha tng khu xut, bnh tng khu nhp Phi gi gn nht ci ming. Ho t : , , S cu: X nh linh qui, quan ng a di, hung. Dch: ho 1, dng: ch b con ra thing (tng trng phn tinh thn qu bu) ca ch i m c ng ta, ti x mp xung, xu. Ging: Chng ta nn : ni qui l Chn, c ngha l ng, cho nn c ba ho u din ci mnh i cu cnh ngi . Ho 1 ny dng cng, khn lanh, nhng ng vi ho 4 m, c th lc trn hm h theo m n ni b thin l, thm thung cu n ngi khc (ho 4) nui xc tht, m qun phn tinh thn ca mnh (n qu nh con ra thing ch sng bng kh trii) nh vy rt xu. Hai ch a di, thng mp xung, cc t s b i ca bn ngi ch ham n, ni rng ra l bn b t dc m hoc n mt c lim s. 2. : , , , Lc nh: in di, pht kinh, vu khu di, chinh hung . Dch: Ho 2, m: o ln cch nui mnh, tri vi l thng, cu s nui dng g cao, tin ln th xu. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, khng t sc nui mnh c, nn phi cu n vi hai ho dng 1 v 6. nhng ho 1 di mnh, nh vy l ngi trn xin n ngi di, o ln ri, tri l thng (kinh) ri; cn nh cu n ho trn cng (v nh ci g cao), t ho ny khng ng vi 2, 2 s b t chi, b khinh m mc nhc. Nn : theo thng l, ho 2 ny c trung, chnh th tt m y li xu, v ngha ca qu nui dng, m ho ny li khng sc t dng c. 3. : , Lc tam: Pht di, trinh hung. Thp nin vt dng v du li. Dch: Ho 3 m: Cch nui tri hn vi chnh o, xu. Mi nm (c ngha l ti cng) cng khng tt c khng lm nn g.
Ging: ho ny m nhu, bt trung, bt chnh, li hay ng (vi trn cng ni qui Chn) khng chu ngi yn, thy u c n l m u vo. Rt xu V hai ch thp nin chng ta ging ho cui cng ca qu Phc. 4. : , , , Lc t: in di, ct. H th am am, k dc trc trc, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: o ln cch nui m tt. Mt h nhn m m, lng ham mun day dt khng ngt, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny m nhu c chnh, vo a v cao, c ho 5 ch tn tng c vi mnh (cng l m c) li thm c ho 1 dng ng vi mnh, nh vy l ngi trn bit trng o ngha, bit h mnh cu ngi di (ho 1) nui mnh; tuy l in o, tri l thng y, nhng v l ngi tt (c chnh), cu 1 gip mnh mnh lp nn s nghip san s gip dn chng, cho nn vn l tt. Nhng phi chuyn nht, khng gin on (nh mt h nhn m m, ham mun khng ngt), c tip tc cu 1 gip hoi th mi c kt qu, khng c li. Cu nui ho ny l cu nui v tinh thn, ch khng phi v th xc. 5. : , , Lc ng: Pht kinh, c trinh, ct. Bt kh thip i xuyn. Dch: Ho 5, m: Tri l thng, bn ch gi o chnh th tt. Khng th vt sng ln c. Ging: Ho ny nh mt v nguyn th, c trch nhim nui ngi, nhng v m nhu, km ti, nn phi nh ngi (tc ho trn cng) nui mnh (gip mnh); tuy l tri l thng, nhng c bn ch, gi o chnh th tt; v nh ngi khc gip mnh lm trn nhim v nui dn. Tuy nhin, v ti km (m nhu), lm vic ln gian him khng ni, nn Ho t khuyn: khng th qua sng ln c. Cu nui ho ny cng l cu nui v tinh thn. 6. : , , Thng cu: do di, l ct. Li thip i xuyn. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng. Thin h nh mnh m c nui, trch nhim mnh ln nh vy, mnh phi thng lo lng, s hi th c tt. Qua sng ln c. Ging: Ho ny dng cng m trn cng, nh bc lm thy cho v nguyn th, v nguyn th nh mnh m nui c thin h, th cng nh chnh mnh nui thin h. Trch nhim ln nh vy nn mnh phi thng lo lng, s hi, rt thn trng th mi c tt lnh, m thin h c phc ln (li Tiu tng truyn). Ho ny dng cng c ti, khng nh ho 5, cho nn lm c vic ln gian him.
* Tm li ba ho cui u c ngha l nui v tinh thn, gip dn chng nn u c ct ht. Ba ho u c ngha l nh ngi nui th xc ca mnh, cho nn u xu .
TR LI BIU 28. QU TRCH PHONG I QU Trn l oi (chm) di l Tn (gi)
T qui truyn ging rt m m, Di l nui, khng nui th khng th ng (bt dng tc bt ng) (?) cho nn sau qu Di n qu i qu (ln qu) Phan Bi Chu ging: C nui ri sau mi c vic ln qu Chng ti ngh c th ging: C bi dng ti c th sau mi lm c vic ln qu (rt ln), phi thng. Ch i qu c hai cch hiu: Phn dng trong qu ti 4 (phn m ch c hai) m dng c ngha l ln (m l nh); vy i qu c ngha l phn dng nhiu qu; - ngha na l (o c cng nghip) ln qu. * Thon t : , , i qu: ng no, li hu du vng, hanh. Dch: (Phn dng ) nhiu qu (phn m t qu) nh ci ct yu, cong xung (chng khng ni). Trn di th li, c hanh thng. Ging: Nhn hnh ca qu, bn ho dng gia, 2 ho m hai u, nh cy ct, khc gia ln qu, ngn v chn nh qu, chng khng ni, phi cong i. Tuy vy, hai ho dng 2 v 5 u c trung, th l cng m vn trung; li thm qu Tn di c ngha l thun, qu oi trn c ngha l ha, vui, th l ha thun, vui v lm vic, cho nn bo l tin i (hnh ng) th c hanh thng. i tng truyn bn rng: oi l chm trn, Tn l cy di, c ngha nc ln qu, ngp cy. Ngi qun t trong qu ny phi c c , hnh vi hn ngi, c vic g hp o th lm, d mt mnh ng ring, tri vi thin h, cng khng s (c lp bt c); nu l vic khng hp o th khng thm lm, d phi trn i, cng khng bun (n th v mun). Ho t: 1. : , S lc: T dng bch mao, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, m: Lt (vt g) bng cy c mao trng, khng c li. Theo H t thng truyn Chng VIII, Khng t bn v qu ny: Nu t vt
g xung t cng c ri m li cn dng c mao trng lt th cn s g b na? Nh vy l rt cn thn. 2. : , , Cu nh: Kh dng sinh , lo phu c k n th, v bt li. Dch: Ho 2, dng : cy dng kh m r mi, n ng gi ci c v tr, khng g l khng li. Ging: Dng cng m v m (ho 2), nh vy l cng m c cht nhu, li c trung. N thn cn vi ho 1 m, th l cng nhu tng t, bt cng i, nh cy kh m m r mi, ri cnh l s ti tt. C th v vi mt ngi gi ci c v tr. . . 3. : , Cu tam: ng no, hung. Dch: Ho ba, dng: ci ct cong xung, xu. Ging: Ho 3 dng v dng, th l qu cng, nh lm cng vic ln qu (thi i qu), qu cng th cong xung, gy, vic s hng. Chng ta : Thon t ni v ngha ton qu , nn dng hai ch ng no m vn khen l tt (l do ging trn). Cn Ho t xt ring ngha ho 3, ch l xu, v ho ny qu cng, mc du ng vi ho trn cng (m nhu), cng khng chu ho gip mnh. 4. : , , Cu t: ng long, ct. Hu tha, ln. Dch: Ho 4, dng : nh cy ct ln, vng , tt. Nu c ngha g khc th hi tic. Ging: cng l ho dng nhng v m (4), va cng va nhu, nh ci ct ln vng ni nh. ni lm c vic ln, khng lo tht bi. N li ng hp vi ho 1 m, tiu nhn di, nh vy e n qu nhu chng, cho nn Ho t khuyn: ch quyn luyn qu vi 1, c ngh khc, m ng xu y. 5. : , , , Cu ng: Kh dng sinh hoa, lo ph c k s phu, v cu, v d. Dch: Ho 5, dng : Cy dng kh ra hoa, b gi c chng trai trng, khng ch cng khng khen. Ging: Ho 5, dng cng, trung chnh. ngi ch tn, ng l lm c vic rt ln, nhng thi i qu, th qu cng, qu cng m gn ho trn cng, m m v, l mt ngi qu nhu, khng gip nhau c vic g, cng nh cy dng kh m ra hoa cui ma, sp tiu ty n ni ri. Khng khc g b gi m c chng trai trng, chng mong g sinh na. Ho ny khc vi ho 2 ch ho 2 va cng va nhu, nn tt, v vi cy dng kh m r mi; ho 5 th qu cng, xu, v vi cy dng kh, khng dm r m ra hoa, nha sp kit ri. 6. : , , , Thng lc: qu thip, dit nh, hung, v cu.
Dch : Ho trn cng, m. Li qua ch nc su, nc ngp u, xu: nhng khng c li. Ging: Bn cht m nhu, ti hn m vo cui thi i qu mun lm vic ln th rt nguy thn, nh ngi li ch nc su lt u. Nhng lm cng vic nguy him cu i, cho nn khng gi l c li c. Ho ny tr hng ngi st thn di thnh nhn (t hi sinh lm nn iu nhn), ng phc ch khng ch c. Tn qu l i qu (ln qu), m Ho t li ght nhng ngi qu cng, (ho 3, 5) qu nhu nh ho trn cng tuy khng c li, nhng cng cho l xu. Vy Kinh Dch c trng c trung (va cng va nhu) hn c. TR LI BIU 29. QU THUN KHM Trn v di u l Khm (nc)
L tri khng th qu (cc oan) c mi, h qu th s phi sp vo ch him. Vy sau qu i qu, ti qu Thun khm. Khm c ngha l sp, l him. * Thon t : : , , Tp Khm: Hu phu, duy tm hanh, hnh hu thng. Dch: Hai lp khm (hai lp him), c c tin, ch trong lng l hanh thng, tin i (hnh ng) th c trng m c cng. Ging: Tp Khm c ngha l trng khm, hai ln Khm. Nhn hnh qu Khm ta thy mt ho dng b hm vo gia hai ho m, cho nn Khm c ngha l hm, l him. Ta li thy gia c (nt lin), ngoi rng (nt t), tri vi qu Ly gia rng trn di c, nh ci ming l; ch rng l ch khng kh v t chy than, ci, cho nn Ly l la. Khm tri vi Ly, ch no trng th nc chy vo; Ly l la th Khm l nc. Nguy him khng g bng nc su, khng cn thn th sp xung, cht ui, nn bo nc l him. Xt theo ngha th ho dng gia, dng l thc, thnh tn, v vy bo l Khm c c tin, ch thnh (hu phu) trong lng, nh vy m hanh thng. Gp thi him , c lng ch thnh th khng b tai nn, hnh ng th c trng m
cn c cng na. Thon truyn ging thm: Nc chy hoi m khng bao gi li (lu nhi bt doanh) ch him tr no cng ti, cho nn bo l c c tin. Lng c hanh thng v hai ho gia (ho 2 v 5), cng m c trung. Tri c tng him (v khng ln tri c) ; t c tng him, tc ni sng. Cc bc vng cng theo tng tri v t m t ra nhng ci him (tc o ho, xy thnh, t ra hnh php) gi t ai v s trt t trong x hi. Ci cng dng ca him nu hp thi th cc ln. i tng truyn khuyn nn theo ci c chy hoi khng ngng ca nc m gi bn c hnh m tu tnh khng ngy no qun. Ho t: : , , S lc: Tp khm, nhp vu khm nm ( c ngi c l m, hm, lm), hung. Dch: Ho 1, m: Hai ln him, sp vo h su, xu. Ging: ho 1 m nhu, li di cng qu Thun Khm hai ln him, nn rt xu. 2. : , Cu nh: khm hu him, cu tiu c. Dch: Ho 2, dng : ch nc (him) li c him, mong lm c vic nh thi. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, c trung, c ti tr, nhng gia thi trng him, trn di b hai ho m nhu bao vy, cha that c; cho nn ch mong lm c vic nh thi. Ho 4 qu D (s 6) cng l dng v m; cng b hai ho m bao vy, cn km ho 2 qu Khm v khng c trung,vy m Ho t cho l i hu c (thnh cn ln); cn ho 2 qu Khm ny ch cu c tiu c thi; ch v thi khc; thi qu D l thi vui v, hanh thng, thi qu Khm l thi gian nan, nguy him. 3. : , , , . Lc tam : Lai chi khm khm, him th chm, nhp vu khm nm, vt dng. Dch: Ho 3, m : ti lui (ch chi y ngha l i) u b hm, trc mt l him m sau lng li k (da) vo him, ch cng sp vo ch su hn thi, ch dng (ngi hon cnh ho 3 ny, khng c vic g u). Ging: Ho ny m nhu, bt trung, bt chnh, trn cng qu ni khm, m tin ln th gp ngoi khm, trc mt l khm, sau lng l khm, ton l him c, cho nn ch sp vo ch su hn thi. 4. : , , , Lc t: Tn tu qu, nh dng phu, np c t d, chung v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: Nh th ch dng mt chn ru, mt qu thc n, thm mt ci v dng vi thc khc na (khng cn nhiu, h ch thnh l c); (c th ty c ng bin) dt kh c qua ca s (ch khng a qua ca chnh), nh vy khng c li. Ging: Li ho ny gn qu, kh hiu. Phan Bi Chu ging nh sau: tn l chn
ru, qu l ng thc n; nh l th nh, ph (tri vi chnh) l thm sao, phu l ci v. Tn tu qu, nh dng phu ngha l ru ch mt chn, thc n ch mt qu, cc thc khc thm vo ch dng mt ci v cng . ni khng cn nhiu, min lng ch thnh l c. Np c t d Ngha l kh c ( lm tin) ng l phi np qua ca ln, nhng li dt qua ca s (d), nh vy l khng chnh i quang minh, nhng gp th ihim, kh khn, c th bt c d nhi dng quyn (quyn ny khng phi l quyn hnh, m l quyn bin: ty c ng bin), min l gi c lng ch thnh. Ho ny nh mt v i thn, nhng m nhu, v ti, khng cu i ra khi cnh him c; cng may m c chnh, ch thnh, c gi c ch thnh m i vi vua, vi vic nc, nu li c cht c tr, bit tng quyn , th rt cuc khng c li. 5. : , , . Cu ng: Khm bt doanh, ch k bnh, v cu. Dch : Ho 5, m: Nc (him) cha y, nhng n lc nc y ri, lng ri, th s khi him, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, c ti, c trung, c chnh, ngi ch tn, mi tri qua gi na thi Khm, him cha ht, nc cn dng ln na, n khi no nc y ri mi bnh li, m dt dn ra khi him c. Ch K y ngha l bnh, tc him nn, tr ch khm. 6. : , , , Thng lc: H dng huy mc, tr vu tng cc, tam tu bt c, hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: tri bng dy thng to, li t vo bi gai, ba nm khng c ra , xu. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, trn cng qu Khm, ch cc k him, khng c ti ra khi cnh him, li khng bit hi m sa mnh, nn b ha rt nng. * Qu ny l ci tng qun t b tiu nhn bao vy, ch c hai ho l tm tt (ho 2 v 5), cn cc ho khc u xu. Li khuyn quan trng nht gp thi him, phi gi lng ch thnh, v bit tng quyn.
TR LI BIU 30. QU THUN LY Trn di u l Ly (la)
Khm l hm, hm th phi c ch nng ta, cho nn sau qu Khm ti qu Ly. Ly [ ] l l [ ] ; thi xa hai ch c nh nhau, dng thay nhau c, nh nc Cao Ly (Triu Tin) vit l [ ]. M l c ngha l ph thuc vo (nh t ng l thuc), da vo. Theo hnh qu, mt nt m gia da vo hai nt dng trn, di. Ly cn ngha th nh l sng: nt gia dt, tc l gia rng, rng th sng. La sng, mt tri sng, cho nn Ly c c tng l la, l mt tri. Sau cng Ly cn c ngha l ri ra, nh chia Ly. Kinh Dch m u bng hai qu Cn, Khn (tri t); ti gia Kinh. (cui phn thng ca Kinh) l hai qu Khm, Ly, v hai l. Ba ho thun dng l Cn, ly mt ho ca Khn thay vo ho gia ca Cn, thnh Ly; ba ho thun m l Khn, ly mt ho ca Cn thay vo ho gia ca Khn, thnh Khm; vy Ly, Khm l thin a chi trung, gia tri, gia t; cng dng to ha ca tri t nh la v nc (Ly v Khm) c. Khm chnh bc, Ly chnh nam; Khm gia m (gi t), Ly, gia tra (gi ng). Khm, gia l nt dng, lin, thc, cho nn c ca n l trung thc. Ly gia l nt t, h, rng, cho nn c ca n l sng, l vn minh. Thon t. : , , Ly: li trinh, hanh. Sc tn ngu, ct. Dch: Da, l thuc: chnh ng th li, hanh thng. Nui b ci th tt. Ging: Da vo ch chnh ng, chng hn vo ngi qun t th hanh thng. Da vo ngi th phi sng sut, v thun theo ngi, vy phi nui c thun, c ca con b ci (loi ny d bo nht) th mi tt. Ly cn ngha l sng. Qu thun Ly, trn di u l Ly, sng qu, sng sut qu, t mnh hn ngi th t ngi a, cho nn phi giu bt ci sng i m trau gii c thun. Thon truyn bo phi c c trung chnh na nh ho 2 v ho 5 (ho ny ch trung thi, nhng c trung th cng t nhiu c chnh) nh vy mi ci ha c thin h, thnh vn minh. Ho t; 1. : , , S cu: L thc nhin, knh chi, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng : Dm by b; phi thn trng th khng c li. Ging: ho dng ny c ngha nng ny, cu tin qua, m cn non nt, cha c kinh nghim, nh a tr vi vng dm by b (Phan Bi Chu hiu l s giy nh nhng), tt c lm li, nn khuyn phi thn trng (knh chi). 2.
: , Lc nh: Hong ly, nguyn ct. Dch: Ho 2, m : Sc vng ph vo gia, rt tt. Ging: ho ny qu Ly c c vn minh, li c trung, c chnh, trn ng vi ho 5 cng vn minh, c trung, nn rt tt. V gia, vn minh, nn v vi sc vng, p, sc ca trng ng nh ging ho 5 qu Khn v ho 5 qu Ph hp. 3. : , , , Cu tam: Nht trc chi Ly, bt c phu nhi ca, tc i dit chi ta, hung. Dch: Ho 3, dng : mt tri x chiu ln, ( ni ngi gi, tnh tnh tht thng, khng ng vui m vui. Khng ng bun m bun). Khi th g ci phu (v bng t, ng ru m cng dng lm nhc kh) m ht, lc li than thn gi nua; xu , (Hi xa khi ht th g nhp bng ci phu). Ging: Ho 3 ny trn cng ni qui ly, nh mt tri sp ln m cha ln ngoi qui Ly, cha ti lc mt tri mc (sng hm sau). Cu: bt c phu nhi ca, tc di dit chi ta, Chu Hi hiu l chng yn phn m vui v, m li than th v gi nua, th l khng bit t x. 4. : , , , , Cu t: t nh, k lai nh, phn nh, t nh, kh nh. Dch: Ho 4, dng: thnh lnh chy ti, nh mun t ngi ta vy, th s cht, b mi ngi b. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, nng ny, bt chnh, bt trung, mi ni qui ln, gp ho 5 m nhu, mun ln t 5, nh mt ngi u thnh lnh ti, ln ln ln mun t ngi ta (ho 5) , to bo, vng v nh vy lm sao khi cht, c ai dung c n u. 5. : , , Lc ng: xut th nhc, thch ta nhc, ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: Nc mt rng rng, nhng bit bun lo than th, nn tt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, ngi tn, trung nhng khng chnh, b p gia ho ho dng, mc vo hon cnh kh khn, cho nn bo l nc mt rng rng; nhng nh c vn minh ca qu Ly, nn l ngi bit lo tnh, than th, tm cch i p vi hon cnh c, cho nn ri s tt. 6. : , ; , , Thng cu: Vng dng xut chinh, Hu gia; chit th, hoch ph k x, v cu. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: vua dng (ngi c ti, tc ho ny) ra qun chinh pht, c cng tt p, git u ng m bt sng k xu i th thi, nh vy th khng c li. Ging: Ho ny dng cng li trn cng qu Ly, th l va cng quyt va sng sut n cc im, vua dng ti y tr k gian t th thnh cng ln. Nhng v cng qu th d ha tn bo, nn Ho t khuyn dp lon th ch nn
git nhng k u s, cn nhng k i theo th bt sng thi. Nh vy s khng c li.
TR LI BIU 31- QU TRCH SN HM Trn l oi (chm), di l Cn (ni)
Kinh thng bt u bng hai qu Cn Khn: tri, t. C tri t ri mi c vn vt, c vn vt ri mi c nam, n; c nam n ri mi thnh v chng, c cha con, vua ti, trn di, l ngha. Cho nn u kinh thng l Cn, Khn, ni v v tr; u kinh h l Hm, Hng, ni v nhn s. Hm l trai gi cm nhau. Hng l v chng n vi nhau c lu di. Thon t: : , , Hm: Hanh, li trinh, th n ct. Dch: giao cm th hanh thng, gi o chnh th li, ly con gi th tt. Ging: oi l thiu n trn, Cn l thiu nam di (1). Cm nhau thn thit khng g bng thiu nam, thiu n. Cm nhau th tt hanh thng. Thiu n trn, thiu nam phi h mnh xung cnh thiu n; hi mi gp nhau th phi vy; ch nu thiu n cu cnh thiu nam th l bt chnh, khng tt. Cho nn thon t bo phi gi o chnh mi c li. Hai bn gi o chnh c th ci v chc tt lnh. Hm khc cm im: Cm c ch Tm l lng, hm th khng. Hm l t nhin hai bn tng hp, ri cm nhau, khng c t , khng v mt l no khc, phi h tm (trng rng trong lng) . i tng truyn khuyn: d h tm th nhn. Nh trn ni c ch trng xung (h) nc ng li m thnh ci chm. H tm th lng c tnh, nh ci ni (ni qui l Cn), m vui nh tnh ca ci chm (ngoi qui l oi) (ch nhi duyt; li Thon truyn); mun gi c lng tnh th phi khc k phc l t ch c mnh m gi l. Tm li, Thon t cho rng trai gi cm nhau phi chn thnh, t nhin, v nt, v ti th mi tt; m khi cm nhau ri phi t ch, gi l, ng n ni ha ra bt chnh. Coi o m dng giao cm m sinh ha vn vt, thnh nhn ch thnh m cm
c thin h, th thy c chn tnh ca thin a, vn vt. o cm nhau qu l quan trng. Ho t: 1 : S lc: Hm k mu. Dch: Ho 1, m: Nh cm ngn chn ci. Ging: Ho t ly thn ngi lm th d. Ho 1 di cng. N ng vi ho 4, thp m cm vi trn cao, sc cm cn nh, cha ng c lng ngi, mi hi ng c ngn chn thi. Khng khen cng khng ch. 2. : , ; Lc nh: Hm k ph, hung; c ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: Cm c bp chn, xu; yn th tt. Ging: Ho 2, cao hn mt cht, v nh bp chn. N ng vi ho 5, nhng n l m, phn gi, m cn di thp, nu nng lng cu thn vi 5 th xu. N nn gi nt trung chnh (v l ho 2 c trung, c chnh) ca n th mi tt, nh vy mi hp o l. Thon truyn bo: qu Hm ny, h tnh th tt; cho nn ho 2 ny khuyn khng nn ng. 3. : , , Cu tam: Hm k c, chp k ty, vng ln. Dch: Ho 3, dng : cm c ti i, ch mun theo ngi, c nh vy m tn th xu. Ging: Ho ny trn cng ni qui, nn v vi bp i. N l dng cng, ham tin, mun theo ho 4 cng dng cng trn n; trong thi Hm, nn tnh m n ng, li ng theo ngi na, ng ch. 4. : ; , Cu t: Trinh ct hi vong; ng ng vng lai, bng tng nh t. Dch: Ho 4, dng: h chnh ng th tt, m mt ht nhng iu ng n nn. Nhc bng nu lng xng tnh ton c qua c li vi nhau th nhng ngi qua li vi anh ch l nhng ngi anh ngh ti m thi ( ni: s bn khng ng, on th khng ln). Ging: Ho ny ln ngoi qui, dng cng, li qu oi (vui v), tc l c tnh ho duyt, nng v cm tnh, cho nn v vi tri tim (tm lng). Tnh cm phi chnh ng, ch cng v t, nh vy mi tt, khng phi n nn. Nu c c tnh ton, tt vi ngi mong ngi tt li vi mnh, c i c li th s bn khng c ng. Theo H t truyn, Chng V, Khng t ging ho ny rt k, chng ti trch ra on di y: o l trong thin h, cn g phi ngm ngh bng ring, tnh ton bng mo vt, v thin h ng i tuy khc nhau m qui kt th nh nhau: tnh ton trm li m cui cng ch tm vo mt l (l l c cm th c ng, ng li gy ra cm) cn g phi ngm ngh bng ring, tnh ton bng mo vt. . .
5. : , Cu ng: Cm k mi, v hi. Dch: Ho 5, dng : Cm ti bp tht trn lng, khng hi hn. Ging: Bp tht trn lng, cao hn tim (hay lng) m tri vi tim, khng cm c vt. Khng cm c vt m cng khng c t tm, t , nn cng khng c g hi hn. C l v ho 5 ny dng cng, v rt cao, trung, chnh, cch bit dn chng qu, cho nn Chu Hi bo l khng cm c vt chng? 6. : , , Thng lc: Hm k ph, gip , thit. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Cm ngi bng mp, m, li. Ging: Ho ny trn cng Hm, nn v vi mp, m, li. N l m nhu trong ngoi qui oi (vui v), ham cm ngi ta bng ming li, khng thnh thc. Chng cn ni cng bit l ng ch ri. * o cm ngi phi ch thnh, t nhin, khng dng tr tnh ton, nhng cng khng nn c t , t tm.
TR LI BIU 32. QU LI PHONG HNG Trn l Chn (sm), di l Tn (gi)
u qu Hm, ti ni ti sao sau qu Hm (trai gi cm nhau) tip ti qu Hng (o v chng c tnh cch lu di). Hm: trn l Chn trng na, di l Tn, trng n chng trn, v di ,rt hp o, th tt c lu di. Thon t : : , ; , Hng: Hanh, v cu; li trinh, li hu du vng. Dch: Lu di th hanh thng, khng c li; gi c chnh o th c li, tin hnh vic g cng thnh cng. Thon truyn ging: Cng (Chn) trn, nhu (Tn) di, sm gi gip sc nhau, Chn ng trc, Tn theo sau, th l thun o. Li thm ba ho m u
ng vi ba ho dng, cng l ngha thun na, c hai bn u gi c o chnh lu di. Ho t: 1 : , , S lc: tun hng, trinh hung, v du li. Dch: Ho 1, m: Qu mong c thn mt lu di; c quyt (trinh) nh vy, khng chu b th xu, khng lm g c thun li c. Ging: Ho 1 ng vi ho 4, nhng a v mnh qu thp, a v 4 qu cao, m 4 l dng cng, ch trng ln khng ng xung mnh; li thm c 2 ho 2 v 3 ngn cch vy m khng bit phn c tin su (tun l su), mong c thn mt lu di, keo sn vi 4, thnh ra ngu. C kin c gi cch y th xu. 2. : Cu nh: hi vong. Dch: Ho 2, dng: hi hn tiu ht. Ging: Ho ny dng cng v m, ng l c hi hn, nhng v c trung li ng vi ho 5 cng c trung, th l gi c o trung, nn khng c g hi hn. 3. : , , Cu tam: Bt hng k c, hoc tha chi tu, trinh ln. Dch: Ho 3, dng : khng thng gi c ci c ca mnh, c khi b xu h, d chnh ng cng ng tic. Ging: Ho dng v dng l c chnh, nu thng gi c c chnh th tt; nhng v qu cng m bt c trung, li theo i vi ho trn cng m nhu, th l b ci c chnh ca mnh, mun kt bn vi ho trn cng, cha bit chng b xu h y. Vy 3 tuy chnh y, ch v khng thng gi c c , th tuy chnh m vn ng tic. 4. : Cu t: in v cm. Dch: Ho 4, dng : nh i sn m khng c cm th. Ging: Ho dng m v m, l khng phi ch ca mnh m c lu ch , v trong qu Hng th chng nn vic g, ch mt cng thi, nh i sn m khng bt c cm th. 5. : , . , Lc ng: Hng k c, trinh. Ph nhn ct, phu t hung. Dch : Ho 5, m: gi c thng (lu) c ca mnh, bn m chnh. n b th tt, n ng th xu. Ging: Ho 5, m nhu, c trung, ng vi ho 2 dng cng cng c trung, nu c thun tng t trc ti sau th l bn m chnh ng. Nhng ch l o ca n b nh ho 5, m ny thi; khng hp vi n ng, v theo quan nim thi xa, phu xng ph ty. Tiu tng truyn ging thm, n ng phi tm ra ci g ng lm th lm (phu t
ch ngha), ch c mt mc theo v th xu. 6. : , Thng lc: chn hng, hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: c ng hoi, khng chu yn th xu. Ging: trn cng qu Hng v ngoi qui Chn, cho nn ni l ham ng qu, li m nhu, khng bn ch, yn khng c s tht bi.
* Qu ny quan trng ho 5: o phu xng ph ty ca Trung Hoa thi xa. Mt li khuyn l theo l m lm, ng hnh ng cn. TR LI BIU 33. QU THIN SN N Trn l Cn (Tri), di l Cn (ni)
H lu th phi rt lui, lnh i, ht ngy th ti m, ht ng ti xun, ngi lu phi ng dy, gi ri nn v hu . . , cho nn sau qu Hng (lu) ti qu ng (l trn lnh i). Thon t: : , n: Hanh, tiu li trinh. Dch: Trn lnh i th hanh thng; trong cc vic nh, gi c iu chnh th c li. Ging: Trn l tri, di l ni: chn ni th thy nh ni l tri, nhng cng ln cng thy tri li ln cao na, ti nh ni thy tri m mt tt vi, nh tri trn lnh ni, cho nn t tn qu l n. Qu ny hai ho m di y bn ho dng ln trn, c ci tng m (tiu nhn) mnh ln, ui dng (qun t) i, tri hn vi qu Lm. n thuc v thng 5, Lm thuc v thng 12. thi ng, m dng tin mnh, dng nn rt lui i l hp thi, c hanh thng (c th hiu l : o qun t vn hanh thng). Tuy nhin m mi c 2, dng cn ti 4, cha phi l thi B (c 3 m u tin ln), nn cha n ni no, trong cc vic nh, gi c iu chnh th cn c li, cn lm c.
S d cha n ni no, cn hanh thng v trong qu c ho 5, dng, ng vi ho 2, m; c hai u trung chnh. Vy thi , cha nn trn hn, nn tnh xem vic no cn lm c th lm, ty c ng bin, cho nn Thon truyn bo l ty thi trong qu n ny rt quan trng. i tng truyn khuyn trong thi ny qun t nn xa lnh tiu nhn, c gi v uy nghim, ng d dn vi chng qu. Ho t: 1 : , , S lc: n v, l, vt dng hu du vng. Dch: H 1, m: Trn sau cng, nh ci ui, nguy y, ng lm g c. Ging: Ho di cng, nn v vi ci ui li sau cng. N l m, nhu nhc, hn m, khng trn theo kp ngi, cn r r sau, nn bo l nguy. 2. : , Lc nh: chp chi dng hong ngu chi cch, mc chi thng thot. Dch: Ho 2, m: Hai bn (ho 5 v ho 2) khng kht (bn cht) vi nhau nh buc vo nhau bng da b vng, khng th no ci c. Ging: ho 2 m, c trung c chnh, ng vi ho 5 dng cng c trung c chnh, cho nn tng c, khng kht vi nhau, khng th ri nhau c, 2 khng th b 5 m trn c. Mu vng (da b vng) l mu trung, m ch hai ho u c trung. 3. : , , , Cu tam: H n, hu tt l, sc thn thip, ct. Dch: Ho 3, dng, lc phi trn m bn rn t tnh th nguy; nhng nui k ti t trai gi th tt. Ging: Ho dng ny gn ho 2 m, c v bn rn t tnh vi ho , khng th trn mau c, nh b bnh m nguy; c t tnh th khng lm c vic ln, ch nui bn ti t trai gi mnh tt vi h th h vui lng m d sai khin, c vic cho mnh. Bn ch sc thn thip, ct ti hiu theo Phan Bi Chu; Chu Hi ging rt m m, lng tng; J. Legge ging l: nu 3 i ho 2, nh nui ti t trai gi th tt. R. Wilhem ging l 3 vn gi c s t quyt, ng cho ho 2 sai khin mnh th tt. 4. : , , Cu t: Hiu n, qun t ct, tiu nhn ph. Dch: Ho 4 dng: C h ly vi ngi, nhng trn c, qun t th tt, tiu nhn th khng. Ging: Ho ny cng ti ngha; ch c ngi c l ho , ch c ngi c l b, v vy c nhiu cch hiu, vi ho 1 m nhu, c tnh thn thit (h ly) vi nhau; nhng 4 l qun t, 1 l tiu nhn , 4 ct c t tnh m trn i, theo l phi (chnh ngha); ch hng qun t mi lm vy c, tiu nhn th khng . 5. : ,
Cu ng: gia n, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 5, dng, trn m theo iu chnh cho nn tt. Ging: H 5, dng c c trung chnh, ng vi ho 2 cng trung chnh, thi n, c 2 ho trung chnh dt nhau trn bn tiu nhn, gi c iu chnh, cho nn tt. 6. : , Thng cu: Phi n, v bt li. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: trn m ung dung, ng hong, khng c g l khng li. Ging: Vo lc cui thi n, cng trn c xa cng c t do. Ho ny dng cng qun t, khng bn rn vi ho no c (v ho 3 cng l dng), c th ung dung, ng hong trn c, khng nghi ngi g c. ngha qu n: trn phi hp thi; trn sau cng l tr, th nguy (ho 1) trn m cn vng t tnh th xu (ho 3); trn mt cch trung chnh th tt (ho 5); trn m khng bn rn th c ung dung (ho 6) . Li c trng hp v hon cnh m khng c trn i (ho 2). TR LI BIU 34. QU LI THIN I TRNG Trn l chn (sm), di l Cn (tri)
Ht thi lui ri th ti thi tin ln, tin ln th ln mnh, cho nn sau qu n ti qu i trng (ln mnh). Thon t: : i trng, li trinh. Dch: Ln mnh, theo iu chnh th li. Ging: Qu ny c 4 nt dng di, hai nt m trn; dng ln mnh m m sp b dit ht. Qu Cn trong, qu Chn ngoi, th l c c dng cng m ng. Li c th ging l sm vang ng trn tri, ting rt ln, vang rt xa. Ln mnh th d nhin l tt ri, nhng thng tnh, gp thi thnh, ngi ta kiu cng, lm iu bt chnh, cho nn thon t phi dn: gi iu chnh, lc c ngh n lc tht , th mi c li. i tng truyn bo mun gi iu chnh th ng lm ci g phi l. (Qun t phi l pht l)
Thon truyn bn thm: c chnh th mi c ln (i), chnh i l ci tnh ca tri t, tc ci cng dng hin ra ngoi ca tri t, (chnh i nhi thin a chi tnh kh kin h). Chng ta : qu Phc mi c mt nt dng hin di cng, cho nn bo ch thy ci lng ca tri t (kin thin a chi tm), qu i trng ny, dng ln, c 4 nt ri, th thy c ci tnh ca tri t. Ho t: 1. : , , S cu: Trng vu ch, chinh hung, hu phu. Dch: Ho 1, dng: mnh ngn chn, i ln th xu, c th tin chc nh vy (hu phu y khng c ngha l c c tin nh nhng ni khc). Ging: Ho ny di cng, dng cng, cho nn v vi ngn chn, a v thp m hng hi mun tin, s vp, xu. 2. : Cu nh: Trinh ct. Dch: Ho 2, dng : c c chnh ,tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, v nhu, tuy khng c chnh, nhng c trung, m trung th khng bao gi bt chnh, vy cng l tt. 3. : , , , Cu tam: Tiu nhn dng trng, qun t dng vng. Trinh l, dng xc phin, luy k gic. Dch: Ho 3, dng: tiu nhn dng sc mnh, qun t khng; d gi iu chnh cng nguy, nh con cu c hc vo ci du, b thng ci sng. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, vo v dng (l) trong qu i trng, li cui ni qui Cn, th l cc k hung mnh, d gi c chnh ng cng nguy; qun t bit vy m khng hnh ng, ch tiu nhn mi hung hng nh con cu c, hc vo ci du. Bn ch qun t dng vng, Chu Hi, J. Legge,R. Wilhelm u ging nh vy. Duy Phan Bi Chu bo vng l gan liu, khng s g, v qun t dng vng l qun t hu dng m v ngha th lm lon. Ch at y khng phi l ngi c c (nh Chu Hi hiu) m l ngi tr dn. 4. : , , Cu t: Trinh ct, hi vong, phin quyt bt luy, trng vu i d chi phc. Dch: Ho 4, dng : theo iu chnh th tt, hi hn mt ht; du m khng khn na, mnh m tin ln, nh ngi c xe ln m trc xe vng vng. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, qua khi ni qui l Cn, m ln ngoi qui l Chn, l trng thnh n cc im; n trn ht cc ho dng, lm lnh t m qun t, s n hng qu m lm ng nn dn k: gi iu chnh th mi tt, khi n hn. trn n l hai ho m, m n lc suy, d nh ; nh ci du trc mt ho 4 m, khng cn b khn na; n c th dt ba ho dng o o tin ln d dng, c hi thun li nh ngi c xe ln m trc xe vng vng. 5.
: , Lc ng: tng dng vu d, v hi. Dch: Ho 5, m: lm mt s hung hng ca by cu bng cch vui v d di, th s khng n hn. Ging: Ho ny v ch tn, nhng vn m nhu, khng th p o c 4 ho dng di, phi vui v d di vi h th h s ht hung hng. Bn ho dng v nh by d hung hng. S d phi c thi v ngi ca 5 qu cao i vi t cch m nhu ca n. 6. : , , , , Thng lc: dng xc phin, bt nng thoi, bt nng toi, v du li, gian tc ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Cu c hc vo du, mc kt, lui khng c, tin cho toi cng khng c, khng c li g c; chu kh nhc th tt. Ging: ho ny trn cng qu i trng l ht thi ln mnh, m cng trn cng ngoi qui Chn, l rt ham ng m bt lc (m nhu); nh con cu c hung hng hc vo du, mc kt, lui khng c, tin ln cho toi cng khng c, khng li ch no c. Nu b tnh hung hng hc qung i m chu kh nhc th tt. Qu ny l thi m suy, dng ln mnh ln, ng l tt; m su ho khng c ho no tht tt, ch tt vi iu kin l gi o chnh ca qun t; c nhn khuyn mun gp vn hi tt th phi coi chng ho np u , nn phng. TR LI BIU 35. QU HA A TN Trn l Ly (la) di l Khn (t)
trng thnh th tt nhin phi tin ln, cho nn sau qu i trng ti qu Tn [], Tn c ngha l tin [] ln. Thon t: : , Tn: Khang hu dng tch m phn th, tr nht tam tip. Dch: tin ln, bc hu c ti tr nc c thng nga nhiu ln, ban ngy c tip ti ba ln. Ging: Qu ny c tng mt tri (ly) ln khi mt t (Khn), cng ln cao cng sng, tin mnh.
Li c th hiu l ngi di c c thun (Khn) da vo bc trn c c rt sng sut (); cho nn v vi mt v hu c ti tr dn (Khang hu) c vua tn nhim, thng (tch) nga nhiu ln, ni mt ngy m c vua tip ti ba ln. Thon truyn ging thm: qu ny ho 5 c ci tng mt ho m nhu tin ln a v vua cha: nhu tin nhi thng hnh. Theo Chu Hi, nh vy l v qu Tn do qu Qun bin thnh: ho qu Qun l m, nhy ln trn, thnh 5 qu Tn. Phan Bi chu hiu khc: ho 5 vn l ho dng gia qu Cn, bin thnh ho m gia ngoi qui Ly ca qu Tn. Theo ti, cch hiu ca Chu Hi d chp nhn hn. i tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t xem tng qu Tn ny nn t lm cho c ca mnh cng ngy cng sng nh mt tri hin ln khi mt t ri tin mi ln. Ho t: 1. : , , , , . S Lc: tn nh, ti nh, trinh ct, vng phu, d, v cu. Dch: Ho 1 m: : mun tin ln m b chn li, gi o chnh th tt; nu ngi chng tin mnh th nn khoan thai, bnh tnh, nh vy s khng c li. Ging: m nhu di cng, ng vi ho 4, m 4 li bt trung, bt chnh, nn chng gip mnh c g, mnh mun tin ln m nh th b chn li. Trong hon cnh , nu c ngi khng tin mnh th mnh ch nn khoan thai, bnh tnh tu thn l s khng c li. 2. : , , ; Lc nh: Tn nh, su nh, trinh ct; Th t gii phc vu k vng mu. Dch: Ho 2, m: Tin ln m ru r, gi o chnh th tt; s c nh phc ln ca b ni. Ging: Ho ny c c trung chnh, ng l tin ln c nhng trn khng c ngi ng vin (v ho 5 cng m nhu nh 2), phi tin mt mnh, nn ru r. Nhng c gi o chnh th chng bao lu s gp c hi tt: ho 5 trn, cng l ho m nh mnh, tuy khng gip c mnh trong cng vic, nhng cng c trung nh mnh, s ban phc ln cho mnh, v mnh s c nh ho 5 nh c nh phc ca b ni (vng mu tc nh t mu) mnh vy. S d v ho 5 vi b ni v 5 l m m trn cao, cch 2 kh xa. 3. : , Lc tam: chng don, hi vong. Dch: ho 3, m: mi ngi tin cn, th mi s hi tic s mt i. Ging: ho m ny trn cng ni qui Khn, bt trung chnh, ng l c iu hi hn, nhng c hai ho m di u mun tin ln vi mnh, u tin mnh, mnh c lng h, th cn g phi hi tic na u? 4. : , , Cu t: Tn nh, thch th, trinh l. Dch: ho 4, dng : tin ln, tham lam nh con chut ng, c gi thi th nguy. Ging: Ho ny bt chnh, bt trung, a v cao, tham lam mun gi ngi m li s mt by m di dng hng hi dt nhau tin ln, nn v vi con chut ng, va tham va s ngi .
Nu n gi thi (trinh y l bn vng ch khng phi l chnh ng, v ho 4 vn bt chnh) th s nguy, b tai ho m mt ngi. 5. : , , , Lc ng: hi vong, tht c vt tut, vng ct, v bt li. Dch: Ho 5, m: khng c g n hn c; nu ng lo c hay mt, m c tin th tt, khng g l khng li. Ging: Ho ny lm ch qu Tn, c c sng sut (v gia ngoi qui Ly), li c ba ho m di thun gip mnh, nn khng c g phi n hn. Nhng n l m nhu, e c lng ham c, s mt, cho nn Ho t khuyn thnh bi chng mng, c gi c sng sut th s thnh cng. 6. : , , , , Thng cu: Tn k gic, duy dng pht p, l ct, v cu, trinh ln. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: ch tin cp sng thi, lo tr ci p ring ca mnh thi th d c nguy, kt qu cng tt, khng ti li, nhng d c iu chnh th cng ng thn. Ging: Dng cng m trn cng qu Tn, c ngha l cng n cng cc, m ham tin cng cng cc, khng khc con th hung hng ch hc bng cp sng. Nh vy khng lm c vic ln, ch gi c ci v ca mnh, nh tr c ci p ring ca mnh thi, d c nguy th cng vn thnh cng y. C iu l thi i Tin ln m ch lm c vy, ch khng thnh s nghip ln th cng ng thn ng tic.
TR LI BIU 36. QU A HA MINH DI Trn l Khn (t), di l ly (la)
Tin ln th tt c lc b thng tn, cho nn sau qu Tn tip ti Minh di. Di [] ngha l thng tn. Thon t. : Minh di: Li gian trinh. Dch: nh sng b tn hi, chu gian nan, gi iu chnh th li. Ging: Qu ny ngc vi qu Tn trn; mt tri (ly) ln xung di t (Khn) nh sng b tn hi, ti i (Minh di).
Ngi qun t thi u m ny, gp nhiu gian nan, ch c cch gi c chnh trinh ca mnh th mi c li. Mun vy th trong lng gi c sng m ngoi th nhu thun chng vi hon nn nh tng ca qu Ly l sng vn minh ni qui, Khn l nhu thun ngoi qui. Vua Vn Vng b vua Tr nghi ng, giam vo ngc Du L, t v rt nhu thun, khng chng i Tr, m ht tm tr vo vic vit Thon t ging cc qu trong Kinh Dch, nh vy Tr khng c c g git, sau th ng ra. Khng nhng ngoi phi t v nhu thun, m c khi cn nn giu s sng sut ca mnh i na m trong lng vn gi ch hng, nh C t mt hong thn ca Tr. Tr v o, C T can khng c, gi in, lm n l, khi b git, mong c c hi ti to li nh n; khi nh n mt, ng khng cht vi Tr, cng khng b nc ra i. V vng con Vn Vng dit Tr ri, trng t cch C T, mi ra gip nc, ng khng chu; sau V vng cho ra Triu Tin, lp mt nc ring. Nh vy l C T giu s sng sut ca mnh gi vng ch, khng lm mt dng di nh n (Hi k minh, ni nn nhi nng chnh k ch Thon truyn). i tng truyn bo qun t gp thi Minh di, mun thng ng qun chng nn dng cch kn o m li thy c r (dng hi nhi minh), ngha l dng th on lm ng cho k tiu nhn , ng rch ri, nghim khc qu m s b hi, tm li l lm b nh khng bit chng khng nghi ng mnh v l ht dng tm ca chng ra m mnh s bit c. C h tc gi i tng truyn mun dng thut ca Hn Phi. Ho t. 1. : , , , , S cu: Minh di, vu phi thy k dc. Qun t vu hnh, tam nht bt thc, hu du vng, ch nhn hu ngn. Dch: Ho 1, dng : thi u m (nh sng b tn hi), ho ny nh con chim mun bay m cnh r xung. Ngi qun t bit thi c th b i ngay, d (khng c tin) phi nhn i ba ngy, m i ti u, gp ch c, cng b ch c ch trch. Ging: Ho dng u thi Minh di, l ngi qun t gp thi hc m, c th b hi nh con chim r cnh xung. Cch x th l nn b i ngay, nh Phm Li b nc Vit v bit vua Vit l Cu Tin s nghi ng m hi cc cng thn, nh vy trnh c ci ho b git nh i phu Chng. 2. : , , , Lc nh: Minh di, di vu t c, dng chng m trng, ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: thi nh sng b tn hi, ho ny nh b au i bn tri, nhng cng mau khi, s nh con nga mnh m tin ln, tt. Ging: Ho ny lm ch ni qui Ly (sng sut), c trung, c chnh , l bc qun t c ti, nhng thi Minh di, hn m nn b tiu nhn lm hi t nhiu, nh b thng i bn tri, nhng ri s mau khi (dng chng), m nh con nga mnh m. Tt v ho 2 trung, chnh, li vn thun theo (v l ho m) php tc. dng chng m trng R. Wilhelm ging l : s dng sc con nga mnh m gip ngi khc khi cn nguy, J. Legge dch l: t cu mnh bng sc mt con nga mnh. Chng ti theo Chu Hi v Phan Bi Chu. 3. : , , , , Cu tam: Minh di, vu nam th, c k i th, bt kh tt, trinh.
Dch: Ho 3, dng: thi nh sng b tn hi, i tun v phng Nam, bt c k u s, nhng ng hnh ng gp, phi bn ch. Ging: Ho ny trn cng ni qui Ly l cc sng sut; n l dng cng , v dng, vy l rt cng kin, n ng vi ho m trn cng qu Khn (ngoi qui), ho ny cc hn m. N s nh ho m . N c em binh i tun v phng Nam (Nam th: Phan Bi Chu ging l em qun tin ln pha trc tr lon) s bt c tn u s phn lon. Nhng n cng cng nng ny, nn phi khuyn: ng gp, phi bn ch gi o chnh. 4. : , , Lc t: Nhp vu t phc, hoch minh di chi tm, vu xut mn nh. Dch: Ho 4, m: nh v pha bn tri ca bng ( ni ch u m); tm lng thi u m (minh di) l nn b nh m ra i. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, vo thi Minh di, m li vt qu Ly, sang qu Khn ri, tc b ch sng sa, bc vo ch ti tm, cho nn v nh v pha bn tri ca bng. Nhng ho ny c chnh (m v m) nn c th rt chn ra khi cnh khn nn y c: c b nh ra i, tc trnh cho xa cnh , mc n. l hiu theo Phan Bi Chu. Chu Hi nhn rng khng thy c ngha ho ny. 5. : , Lc ng: c t chi Minh di, li trinh. Dch: Ho 5, m: nh ng C T thi u m (Minh di), c bn gi o chnh th li. Ging: Thng cc qu khc, ho 5 l ngi ch tn, qu Minh di ny ho trn cng mi l ngi ch tn, ho 5 l ngi thn cn vi ngi ch tn. Ho trn cng l ng vua rt hn m nh vua Tr, ho 5 l ngi thn cn c c trung, nh ng C T; ng gi in khi b Tr hi m sau gi c dng di nh n, nh vy l gi vng o chnh, ngoi lm ra v hn m, m trong lng vn sng sut. 6. : , , Thng lc: Bt minh di, s ng vu thin, hu nhp vu a. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: khng cn l nh sng b tn thng na, ln cao ti tri m ri sp xung t. Ging: Ho trn cng, m; cui cng thi Minh di, li trn cng ngoi qui Khn, tc nh ngi c a v ti cao m li hn m cng cc; nh vy l ti m m, ch khng phi ch l nh sng b tn hi (Minh di), na, cho nn Ho t bo l bt minh di. C ci tng ln cao ti tri (a v ti cao) m ri sp xung t. Qu ny khuyn ngi qun t thi hc m qu th c th b nh, nc m i; hoc mun li th giu s sng sut ca mnh m gi vng o chnh ch thi. TR LI BIU 37. QU PHONG HA GIA NHN Trn l Tn (gi), di l Ly (la).
Di l b thng; h ra ngoi b thng th tr v nh, cho nn sau qu Minh di ti qu Gia nhn. Gia nhn l ngi trong mt nh. Thon t : : Gia nhn : Li n trinh. Dch: ngi trong nh: h n b m chnh ng th c li. Ging: Ni qui l Ly, sng sut; ngoi qui l Tn thun. trong th sut, x tr khng h , ngoi th thun, nh vy vic t gia s tt p. Ni rng ra vic nc cng vy, v ngi trong mt nc ly nc lm nh; m vic th gii cng vy, v mi nc nh mt ngi, c th gii nh mt nh. Qu ny, ni qui Ly l trung n, ngoi qui Tn l trng n (1); ho 2, m lm ch ni qui, ho 4, m lm ch ngoi qui, hai ho u c chnh c, cho nn ni n b m chnh ng th c li. Tuy ch ni n trinh thi, nhng phi hiu nam cng cn chnh ng na, v nu nam khng chnh ng th n lm sao chnh ng c. Cho nn Thon truyn gii thch: n b chnh ng trong (m ch ho 2, m v m trong ni qui), m n ng chnh ng ngoi (ho 5, dng, v dng trong ngoi qui); n b lo vic nh, n ng lo vic ngoi, c hai u gi o chnh, l hp vi ngha ln ca tri t (n chnh v h ni, nam chnh v h ngoi; nam n chnh, thin a chi i ngha d). Nam n l ni chung, gm c cha m, con ci, anh ch em, v chng, ai ny u phi gi o chnh ht, ch khng phi ch c ngi trn, chng khng phi gi o. Cha m cng c ng o cha m th con mi ng o con, anh em cng vy, chng v cng vy. Thi xa chng ring Trung Hoa m khp cc nc theo ch ph quyn nh phng Ty cng vy, khng c bnh ng gia nam n; nhng v t cch, o c, th nam n u c bn phn, trch nhim ngang nhau. i tng truyn khuyn: coi tng qu ny, gi t trong la pht ra (iu ny khoa hc ging ri), ngi qun t hiu rng trong thin h, vic g ngoi cng pht t trong; mun tr nc th trc phi tr nh, mun tr nh th trc phi tu thn; m vic tu thn ct hai iu: ni phi c thc l; thc s, khng ni sung, vu v; lm th thi phi trc sao sau vy, trit t u ti ui, ng thay i hoi (qun t d ngn hu vt, nh hnh hu hng). Ho t: 1. : , S cu: nhn hu gia, hi vong. Dch: Ho 1, dng: phng nga ngay t khi mi c nh th khng hi hn g c. Ging: Ho ny dng cng u qu Gia nhn, chnh l lc mi c nh, nu bit phng, ngn nga ngay cc tt nh li bing, xa x th khng c g phi n nn. ho ny cng nh tc ng ca ta: Dy con t thu cn th, dy v t thu b v mi v.
2. : , , Lc nh: v du loi, ti trung qu, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: khng vic g m t chuyn ly thnh cng (nm ht trch nhim), c trong nh lo vic nu nng, gi o chnh th tt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu m v m, c trung c chnh l ngi du hay con gi thun tng, nhn nhng, nhng bt ti, a v thp, nn khng gnh vc ni vic tr gia, khng lnh trch nhim ln c, ch nn lo vic nu nng trong nh thi. 3. : , , , Cu tam: Gia nhn hc hc, hi l, ct; ph t hi hi, chung ln. Dch: Ho 3, dng: ngi ch nh nghim khc, tuy hi hn, c nguy nhng li tt; (nu qu khoan cho) du con nh nhnh chi a th li hi tic. Ging: Ho ny l dng v dng, c chnh nhng khng c trung, qu nghim khc, tuy c lc phi hi hn, gp nguy, nhng kt qu li tt v nh c trt t, tri li nu qu d di cho du con lung tung, th nh s suy lon m phi hi tic. 4. : , Lc t: ph gia, i ct. Dch: Ho 4, m: Lm giu thnh cho nh, rt rt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, c chnh vo ngoi qui Tn, a v cao, nh b m c trch nhim lm cho nh giu thnh ln. Theo Phan Bi Chu, ch ph y khng c ngha l lm giu, m c ngha l gia o hng thnh ln, mi ngi ho hp nhau, trn ra trn, di ra di. 5. : , , Cu ng: Vng cch hu gia, vt tut, ct. Dch: Ho 5 dng : vua (hoc gia ch) rt kho v vic tr gia (cch l rt tt khng c g phi lo, tt. Ging: Ch vng y c th hiu l vua trong nc hay gia ch, nu hiu l vua th tr gia phi hiu l tr quc Ho ny dng cng, c trung, c chnh, li c ho 2, m di ng vi mnh, cng trung, chnh; nh c ngi ni tr hin gip mnh, khng cn lo lng g na, tt. 6. : , , Thng cu: Hu phu, uy nh, chung ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: (ngi trn) c lng ch thnh v thi uy nghim (khng ln) th cui cng s tt. Ging: Ho ny trn cng qu Gia nhn, tc lc gia o hon thnh. Ngi trn ch cn thnh tn l ngi di tin, li nghim trang th o c tt p lu di. Qu ny dy cch t gia, cn nh ba iu ny: - Phi ngn nga ngay t lc u. - Bt k ngi no trong nh, nht l nhng ngi trn, phi gi chnh o, gi bn phn, trch nhim ca mnh. - Ngi ch phi nghim, nu nghim th c iu hi hn y, nhng cn hn l qu d di. Chng ta : su ho khng c ho no xu; nhng ba ho di thuc v bc
u, c li rn bo (ho 1: phi phng nga t lc u, ho 2: phi gi o chnh ; ho 3: coi chng nghim qu th hi hn, nguy); ti ho 4 v 5; kt qu rt tt, ho cui ch cch gi c s tt p ti cng.
TR LI BIU 38.QU HA TRCH KHU Trn l Ly (la), di l oi (chm)
Gia o n lc cng th c ngi trong nh chia la, chng i nhau, cho nn sau qu Gia nhn ti qu Khu. Khu ngha l chng i, chia la. Thon t Khu: Tiu s ct. Dch: Chng i: vic nh th tt. Ging: oi (chm) di Ly (la). chm c tnh thm xung, la c tnh bc ln, trn di khng thng vi nhau m cng ngy cng cch xa nhau. Qu ny xu nht trong Kinh dch, ngc hn li vi qu Cch. Ch lm nhng vic nh c nhn th ho may c tt. Thon truyn ging thm: oi l thiu n, Ly l trung n, hai ch em mt nh m xu hng tri nhau (em hng v cha m, ch hng v chng), ch hng khc nhau, cho nn gi l khu. Tuy nhin oi c c vui, Ly c c sng, th l ha vui m nng ta vo c sng. Li thm ho 5, m nhu m tin ln ngi cao, c trung m thun ng vi ho 2, dng dng di, cho nn bo vic nh th tt. Xt trong v tr, tri t, mt trn cao, mt di thp, vn l khc nhau, chia la nhau, vy m cng ho dc vn vt l ca chung tri t. Trai gi, mt dng, mt m, vn l tri nhau, vy m cm thng vi nhau. Vn vt tuy khc nhau m vic sinh ho cng theo mt lut nh nhau. Th l trong ch tri nhau vn c ch ging nhau, tm ra c ch ng trong ci d, l bit c ci diu dng (cng dng k diu) ca qu Khu, ca thi Khu. Thon truyn khuyn ta nh vy. i tng truyn ngc li khuyn ta trong ch ng c khi nn d. V d ngi qun t bnh thng hnh ng cng hp thin l, thun nhn tnh nh mi ngi ( l ng); nhng gp thi lon, i chng lm nhng vic tri vi thin l th khng a theo h, m tch ring ra, c gi thin l, d b ch bai, b gian kh cng chu ( l d). Vy khng nht nh l phi ng mi tt, d (chia la) cng c lc tt.
Ho t 1. : , , , . S cu: Hi vong, tng m, vt trc, t phc kin c nhn, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng: hi hn tiu ht; mt nga ng tm ui, t n s v: gp k c ri mi trnh c li. Ging: Ho ny c tnh cng , a v di, trong thi chng i nhau, th tt t k hp vi mnh, hnh ng th s b hi hn; nhng may trn c ho 4 cng dng cng , ng vi mnh, tc nh c bn ng ch, c ch i ri s gp m bao nhiu kh khn, n hn s tiu ht. i vi k c th tuy khng a cng ng nn t ra, c lm b vui v giao thip h, h khi th on. 2. : , Cu nh: Ng ch vu hng, v cu. Dch: Ho 2, dng: gp ch trong ng hp (do ng tt) khng c li. Ging: Ho ny dng cng c trung, ng vi ho 5, m nhu c trung, nu trong qu Thi (thi thng thun) th rt tt; nhng trong qu Khu (thi chng i nhau) th km v ho 5 m nhu c king n ho 2 dng cng, do , 2 mun gp 5 th phi dng ng tt, rnh 5 trong ng hp nh tnh c gp nhau vy. Khng c li g c, v thi ch l quyn bin thi. 3. : , ; Lc tam: Kin d du, k ngu x (hay xit); K nhn thin th ngh, v s hu chung. Dch: Ho, m: Thy xe dt ti, nhng con b b (ho 4) cn, khng tin c; nh ngi b xm vo mt, xo mi, mi u cch tr, sau ha hp vi nhau. Ging: Ho 3 bt chnh (dng m v m), ng vi ho trn cng cng bt chnh. V ng vi nhau nn cu hp vi nhau, 3 mun tin ln gp ho ng vi n, nhng b ho 4 trn ngn chn, nh c xe dt ti ri m con b b cn, khng tin c. Li thm b ho 2 di nu ko li. Ho 3 phi chng li 4 v 2, x xt vi chng m b thng mt tai (ch thin [ ] y c ngha l b ti xm vo mt, ch ngh [] c ngha l b ti xo mi). Nhng rt cuc l (2 v 4) vn khng thng c chnh (3) v 3 vn ha hp c vi ho trn cng. 4. : , , , Cu t: Khu c, ng nguyn phu, giao phu, l v cu. Dch: Ho 4, dng: thi chia la chng i m c lp; nu gp c ngi trai tt (nguyn phu), m ch thnh kt hp vi nhau (giao phu) th d c gp nguy, kt qu cng khng c li. Ging: ho 4 ny c lp v l dng m b hai ho m bao vy, ngi trai tt y l ho 1, cng c (dng) vi 4. 5. : , , , Lc ng: hi vong, quyt tn ph phu, vng, h cu. Dch: Ho 5 m, hi hn tiu ht; nu ngi cng phe vi mnh cn vo da mnh (ht sc gip mnh) th tin i, khng c li g c.
Ging: Ho ny khng c chnh (m m v dng), vo thi chng i, ng l xu, m nh c c trung, li c ho 2 dng cng ng vi mnh, nn khng xu na, hi hn tiu tan ht. c vy l nh ho 2 chu ng vo mt phe vi mnh, rt thn thit vi mnh, nh cn cht vo da mnh. 6. : , , , , , Thng cu: Khu c, kin th ph , ti qu nht xa. Tin trng chi h, hu thot chi h, ph khu, hn cu. Vng ng v tc ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: thi chia la m c c (sinh nghi k), thy con heo i y bn, thy ch qu y mt xe. Mi u ging cung bn, sau bung cung xung, xin li rng mnh khng mun lm hi ho 3 m mun cu hn. (Hai bn ha hp nhau, vui v) nh sau khi nng ln, gp cn ma, tt lnh g hn? Ging: vo thi chia la, ngi ta hay nghi k nhau, ho cui cng ny, dng cng a v ti cao, khng tin ai di c, cho nn b c c. Ngay ho 3 m, chnh ng vi mnh m cng b mnh nghi k, v 3 kt vo gia 2 ho dng, cho rng 3 theo phe 2 ho dng m chng vi mnh. V nghi k, nn thy 3 nh con heo i bn, li tng xe mnh ch mt by qu mun hi mnh. Do m m hong, ging cung mun bn 3, nhng nh vn cn cht minh mn (v trn cng ngoi qui Ly) nn sau ngh li, bung cung xung, xin li 3: Ti khng phi l gic (k th) mun lm hi em u, m tri li mun cu hn vi em Ht ngh k ri, hai bn ha hp vui v nh sau khi nng lu gp trn ma ro, v cng gip nhau cu i. Vn tht l bng by, tm l cng ng: Phan Bi Chu khen l o l rt tinh thm m vn t cng ly k bin ho. Qu Khu l qu xu nht trong Kinh Dch nhng kt qu li khng c g xu. Su ho th c ba ho v cu, mt ho hi vong mt ho hu chung (ha hp vi nhau), nht l ho cui li ct na. Nh vy th trong ci ho vn c mm phc.
TR LI BIU 39. QU THY SN KIN Trn l Khm (nc), di l Cn (ni)
thi chia la chng i th tt gp ni gian nan, him tr, cho nn sau qu Khu ti qu Kin (gian nan) Thon t;
: , , , Kin: Li Ty Nam, bt li ng Bc, li kin i nhn, trinh ct. Dch: Gian nan: i v Ty nam th li, v ng Bc th bt li. Gp i nhn gip cho th li; bn gia o chnh th mi tt. Ging: Trc mt l sng (Khm), sau lng l ni(Cn), tin lui u gian nan him tr nn gi l qu Kin. Phi b ng him tr m kim ng bng phng d i, hng Ty Nam, hng qu Khn, ng i hng ng Bc, hng qu Cn. D nhin chng ta khng nn hiu ng tng ch Ty Nam v ng Bc, ch nn hiu thi. thi gian nan ny, phi nh c ngi c ti, c (i nhn) gip cho th mi thot nn (li kin i nhn), v phi bn gi o chnh. i tng truyn khuyn phi t xt mnh m luyn c (phn thn tu c). Ho t: 1. : , S lc: vng kin, lai d. Dch: Ho 1, m: tin ln th gp nn, lui li (hoc ngng) th c khen. Ging: Vo u thi gian nan, ho 1 ny m nhu, khng c ti, tin ln hay hnh ng th xu, ch nn ch thi. 2. : , Lc nh: Vng thn kin kin, ph cung chi c. Dch: Ho 2 m: bc b ti chu gn ht gian nan ny ti gian nan khc l v vua, v nc, ch khng phi v mnh. Ging: ho ny cng m nhu, km ti, nhng c trung c chnh, c c, c vua (ho 5, dng m cng trung chnh) ph thc vic nc, nn phi chng chi vi mi gian nan, khng dm t, mc du t bit khng chc g cu nc, cu dn c trong thi kh khn ny. Hon ton khng v mnh, ng khen. 3. : , Cu tam: Vng kin, lai phn. Dch: Ho 3, dng: Tin ti th mc nn, nn tr li. Ging: ho ny dng cng c chnh, nhng vn cn ni qui, tc cha ht na thi gian nan, li thm ho trn cng m nhu, ng vi n m khng gip c g, nn Ho t khuyn ng tin, c quay li vi ho m th vui v hn; b g cng l bn c ri. 4. : , Lc t: Vng kin, lai lin. Dch: Ho 4, m: tin ti th mc nn, nn tr li m lin hip vi cc ho di. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, km ti, tin ln ngoi qui, qu na thi gian nan, nhng li gp him tr (ngoi qui l Khm) cng khng nn tin ln, m nn li li vi ho 3, lin hp vi ba ho di, thm th lc. 5. : , Cu ng: i kin, bng lai. Dch: Ho 5, dng: cc k gian nan, nhng c bn ti gip.
Ging: gia ngoi qui khm (him) cho nn cc k gian nan. Ho ny nh ng vua c ti, nhng cng kh thot c him. May c ho 2 c trung, c chnh ng vi mnh, sn lng dt cc bn tc cc ho 1, 3, 5 ti gip mnh. Nhng cc ho y u t ti, tr ho 3; nh vy l tay chn ca 5 tm thng c, khng lm nn vic ln, nn Ho t khng khen l tt. Cng khng dng ch lai, khng bo nn li v a v nguyn th ca 5 khng cho php 5 li c, li th trt trch nhim cho ai? 6. : , , Thng lc: Vng kin, lai thc, ct, li kin i nhn. Dch: Ho trn cng ,m; tin ti th gian nan, li li th lm c vic ln, tt; nn tm gp i nhn th c li. Ging: cui thi gian nan, c cnh tng ng mng; ho ny m nhu, khng mt mnh mo him c nn quay li gip ho 5, bc i nhn (c ti c), th lp c cng ln (thc), tt. Gp thi gian nan, nn thn trng i thi. Ring v nguyn th phi tm ngi tt gip mnh, lin kt mi tng lp cng mnh chng . TR LI BIU 40. QU LI THY GII Trn l Chn (sm), di l Khm (nc)
Khng th b nn hoi c, th no cng ti lc gii nn, v vy sau qu Kin ti qu Gii. Gii l ci, tan. Thon t : , , . , , Gii : Li Ty nam, v s vng, k lai phc, ct. Hu du vng, tc, ct. Dch: tan ci: i v Ty nam th li, ng a s, c khi phc li nh c th tt. Nhng cng c iu ng lm, lm cho chng th tt. Ging: Tng qu l m dng giao ho vi nhau, sm (Chn) ng v ma (Khm) , bao nhiu kh u ut tan ht, cho nn gi l Gii. Cng c th ging: Him (Khm) sinh ra nn, nh ng (Chn) m thot nn nn gi l Gii. Khi mi hon nn tan ri, th dn ch mong an c lc nghip, ngi tr dn nn c chnh sch khoan i, gin d (Ty Nam thuc Khn l ng li khoan i, bnh d); ng a s, c khi phc trt t c cng tt ri. Tuy nhin cng phi tr nhng t gy ra nhng hon nn trc kia, cng phi sa i cho s bnh tr c lu di, cng vic nn lm cho mau xong (vn l ng a s) th tt. i tng truyn khuyn sau khi gii nn ri, nn tha ti cho nhng k lm li trc, nu khng tha c th cng nn gim n cho nh i (qun t d x qu,
hu ti). Ho t. 1. : . S lc: V cu. Dch: Ho 1, m: khng li. Ging: Mi bt u vo thi ci m, ho ny m nhu, m c dng cng (ho 4) trn ng, c lng l yn khng sinh s th khng c li g c. 2. : , , , Cu nh: in hoch tam h, c hong th, trinh, ct. Dch: Ho 2, dng: i sn c ba con co, c mi tn mu vng, gi o chnh th tt. Ging: Khng ai bit ba con co m ch nhng ho no, Chu Hi ng l ho m 1, 3 v trn cng (tr ho m 5). Ch c th on rng: ho ny dng cng, ng vi ho 5 m, v nguyn th, cho nn th kh mnh, c trch nhim vi quc gia tr bn tiu nhn (ba con co), m khng mt mi tn mu vng (tc o trung trc vng l mu ca trung ng, mi tn tng trng cho vic ngay thng: trc). Ho t khuyn phi gi vng (trinh) o trung th mi tt. 3. : , Lc tam: Ph th tha, tr khu ch; trinh ln. Dch: Ho 3, m: k mang i vt m li ngi xe l xui bn cp ti, nu c gi ci thi (trinh y ngha khc trinh ho trn ) th phi hi hn. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, bt chnh, bt trung m trn cng ni qui, tc nh k tiu nhn ngi cao, khng khc k va mang i (ngi ngho) m li ngt ngng ngi xe (nh mt ngi sang trng), ch t xui cp ti cp ca mnh thi. Theo H t thng truyn, Chng VIII, Khng t bn rng ra nh sau: ngi thng m ngi xe ca ngi sang l xui k cp ti cp ot ca mnh. Ngi trn khinh nhn k di tn bo th k cp (gic) tm cch nh ui ngay. Giu ct khng kn o l dy cho bn gian vo ly ca nh mnh; trau gii nhan sc l dy cho bn gian dm ti hip mnh. 4. : , Cu t: Gii nhi mu, bng ch t phu. Dch: Ho 4, dng: B ngn chn ci ca anh i (ch nhi y l i danh t) th bn (tt) mi ti v tin cy anh. Ging: Ho ny l dng, tuy khng chnh (v ngi m) nhng gn ho 5, v nguyn th, l c a v cao. N ng vi ho 1 m, tiu nhn di, nn b nhiu ngi ch, nu n bit tuyt giao vi ho 1 (tng trng bng ngn chn ci, ch thp nht trong c th) th ngi tt mi vui ti m tin cy n. 5. : , Lc ng: Qun t duy hu gii, ct; hu phu vu tiu nhn Dch: Ho 5, m: ngi qun t phi gii tn bn tiu nhn i th mi tt; c xem bn tiu nhn c lui i khng th mi bit chc c mnh c qun t hay khng. Ging: ho ny m nhu, cha chc l qun t, nhng a v ch tn, lm ch qu, cho nn Ho t khuyn phi tuyt giao vi bn tiu nhn (tc ba ho m kia) th mi t rng mnh l qun t c. 6. : ,
Thng lc: Cng dng x chun vu cao dung chi thng. Hoch chi, v bt li. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Mt v cng nhm bn con chim chun trn bc tng cao. Bn c, khng g l khng li. Ging: ti lc cui cng thi gii, ni lon an ri, nu cn k ngoi dm gy lon (tng trng l con chim chun trn bc tng cao). Th c dit i, s thnh cng. V cng y l ho trn cng. Theo H t h truyn, Khng t gii thch ho ny nh sau: chun l mt loi chim, cung tn l dng, k bn l ngi. Ngi qun t cha sn dng (ti, c) trong mnh, i thi m hot ng th c g chng li? ngha qu ny trong Thon t: dp lon xong th nn khoan hng vi k l li lm, ng a s, ch cn khi phc trt t c, v cng c n bng mt s cng vic, nhng phi lm cho mau khi phin nhiu dn. Ho 3 cng c mt li khuyn nn nh: giu ct khng kn o l dy cho k trm vo ly ca nh mnh; trau gii nhan sc l dy cho bn t dm ti hip mnh. (Mn tng hi o, d dung hi dm).
TR LI BIU 41. QU SN TRCH TN Trn l Cn (ni), di l oi (chm)
Khoan ni th tt c iu s m b thit hi, cho nn sau qu Gii ti qu Tn. Tn l thit hi m cng c ngha l gim i. Thon t: : , , , , . ? Tn: Hu phu, nguyn ct, v cu, kh trinh, li hu. Du vng. Ht chi dng? Nh qu kh dng hng. Dch: Gim i: nu ch thnh th rt tt, khng c li, gi vng c nh vy th lm vic g cng c li. Nn dng cch no? (v d) dng hai ci bnh (hay bt) cng thi dng ln, cng c. Ging: Qu ny nguyn l qu Thi, bt ni qui Cn ho dng th 3 a ln thm vo ho cui cng ca qu Khn trn, nn gi l Tn: bt i. Li c th hiu: khot t di (qu oi) p ln trn cao cho thnh ni, chm cng su, ni cng cao, cng khng vng phi , nn gi l Tn (thit hi). Gim i, khng nht nh l tt hay xu. Cn ty mnh c ch thnh, khng lm l th mi tt. V d vic cng t, cn lng ch thnh trc ht, cn cng khng quan trng, d m bc m tm thnh th cng cm c qu thn. Gim i nh
vy tit kim, th khng c li. Thon truyn ging thm: phi bit ty thi; nu cng qu th bt cng i nu nhu qu th bt nhu i, nu vi qu th nn lm cho bt vi i, nu vn sc qu th bt i m thm phn cht phc vo; cht phc qu th thm vn sc vo, dn ngho m bc lt ca dn thm vo cho vua quan l xu; nhng hng dn giu th bt h ng gp thm cho quc gia l tt; tm li phi ty thi; h qu th gim i cho c va phi. i tng truyn thng ng v phng din tu thn, khuyn ngi qun t nn gim lng gin v lng dc i ( qun t d trng phn, trt dc). Ho t: 1. : , , S cu: D s thuyn vng, v cu, chc tn chi. Dch: Ho 1, dng: ngh vic ca mnh m tin ln gp, gip (cho ho 4) nh vy th khng c li, nhng nn chm chc ci g nn rt bt ca mnh gip cho 4 th hy rt. Ging: ho 1 dng cng, ng vi ho 4 m nhu trn, theo ngha th nn gip ch cho 4, nhng cng dng nn thit hi cho mnh qu; nh vy l cng hp ch vi ngi trn thi Tn (rt bt). 2. : , , Cu nh: li trinh, chnh hung, pht tn ch chi. Dch: Ho 2, dng: gi o chnh th li, nu vi tin ngay (b c cng trung ca mnh), chiu bn th xu; ng lm tn hi c ca mnh cng l ch cho bn y. Ging : qu ny c ngha tn dng cng (qu Cn di) lm ch cho m nhu (qu Khn trn); cho nn ho ny l dng cng, nn gip ch cho ho 5 m nhu, cng nh ho 1 gip ch cho ho 4. Nhng ho 5 bt chnh (m m v dng), hay i hi nhng iu bt chnh, nu ho 2 b c cng v trung ca mnh i m vi vng chiu lng 5 th s xu; phi gi c cng trung mi li (li trinh). Khng lm tn hi c cng trung ca mnh, cng l mt cch khuyn ho 5 phi b tnh bt chnh i, nh vy l gip ch cho 5 y. 3. : , Lc tam: tam nhn hnh tc tn nht nhn, nht nhn hnh tc c k hu. Dch: Ho 3, m: Ba ngi i th bt mt ngi, mt ngi i th c thm bn. Ging: Theo tng ca qu, ni qui Cn c ba ho dng bt i mt a ln trn; ngoi qui Khn c ba ho m, bt i mt a xung di, thnh qu trng tn. Ho 3 dng i ln, ho trn cng m xung di, tng c vi nhau, th l tuy tch ra, i mt mnh m ho ra c bn. Xt trong v tr th mt dng mt m l , nu thm mt m hay mt dng na, thnh ba th tha; m nu ch c mt m hay mt dng th thiu, phi thm mt dng hay mt na mi . Vic ngi cng vy, hai ngi thnh mt cp, thm mt ngi th d sinh chuyn, m nu ch c mt ngi thi th l loi qu, phi kim thm bn (coi H t h truyn, Ch. V s 13).
4. : , , , Lc t: tn k tt, s thuyn, hu h, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: lm bt ci tt (m nhu) ca mnh cho mau ht, ng mng, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny c tt m nhu, c ho 1 dng cng sa tt cho mau ht, tt. 5. : , , Lc ng: Hoc ch chi thp bng chi qu, pht khc vi, nguyn ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: thnh lnh c ngi lm ch cho mnh, mt con ra ln ng gi mi bng, khng t chi c, rt tt. Ging: Ho ny v ti cao, nhu m c trung, c ho 2 dng tn tnh gip ch cho, nh cho mnh mt con ra rt ln. S d vy l v ho ny, c trung m hin (nhu) nn c lng ngi, cng nh c tri gip cho vy (t thng hu ch li Tiu tng truyn). Ch bng mi nh hiu mt cch: c ngi cho hai con ra l mt bng; c ngi cho mi bng l chu v ln ti 2.160 thc, c ngi bo mi bng l 10 bi [] (v s, ngao qu, hi xa dng lm tin, khi cha c la, ng) 10 hng tc l 100 bi. Khng bit thuyt no ng. Chng ta ch nn hiu con ra 10 bng l mt vt rt qu thi. 6. : , , Thng cu: pht tn ch chi, trinh ct. Li hu du vng, c thn v gia . Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: lm ch cho ngi m chng tn g ca mnh, khng li, chnh ng th tt, lm vic g cng v li, v c ngi qui phu, chng phi chi nh mnh mi l nh ( ni u cng l nh mnh, ai cng l ngi nh mnh) Ging: Ho ny ti ngha, mi sch ging mt khc, chng ti chm chc theo Phan Bi Chu. Dng cng trn cng qu tn, nn em ci cng ca mnh gip cho nhiu ho m nhu, chnh ng nh vy th tt, m chng hi g cho mnh, v mi ngi s qu mn, qui ph mnh. C ngi hiu l ng lm hi, m lm ch cho ngi th tt. L y d nhin ri. * i qu ny l Tn cha chc xu, ch (tng) cha chc tt; cn ty vic ty thi, h qu th nn tn c va phi, thiu th nn ch, v mnh nn chu thit hi cho mnh m gip cho ngi . TR LI BIU 42. QU PHONG LI CH Trn l Tn (gi), di l Chn (sm).
Tn n cng ri th phi tng ln, cho nn sau qu Tn n qu ch. ch l tng ln, lm ch cho nhau. Thon t: : , ch: li hu du vng, li thip i xuyn. Dch : Tng ln: tin ln th li lm (lm vic ch) th li, qua sng ln th li (c gian nan nguy him g cng vt c). Ging: Qu ny tri vi qu Tn. Ngoi qui vn l Cn, bt mt ho dng, thnh qu Tn; ni qui vn l qu Khn, c mt ho dng qu Cn thm vo, thnh qu Chn. Vy l bt trn thm (ch) cho di; cn qu Tn l bt di thm cho trn. Xt v tng qu th sm (Chn) vi gi (Tn) gip ch cho nhau v gi mnh th ting sm i xa, m sm ln th gi mi d. V vy gi l qu ch. Mnh a v cao m gip cho ngi thp, cng lm cng c li, kh khn g ri kt qu cng tt. Thon truyn gii thch thm: Xt ho 2 v ho 5, u c trung c chnh c; ly o trung chnh m gip ch cho dn, dn s vui v v cng m o cng sng sa. Nhng qu ny cng nh qu Tn, tt hay xu cn ty cch thc lm v ty thi na (ch chi o, d thi gia hnh): dn i khng c go n m cng bch gio dc; dn rt khng c o bn m cp cho x bng th vic gip ch ch c hi. i tng truyn ng v phng din tu thn, khuyn: Thy iu thin th tp lm iu thin. Thy mnh c li th sa li (kin thin tc thin, hu qu tc ci). Ho t: 1. : , , S cu: Li dng vi i tc, nguyn ct, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng: Li dng (s gip ca ngi) m lm vic ln; nhng phi kho tnh ton, hnh ng cho ng, hon thin (nguyn ct) th mi khng c li. S d khuyn nh vy v ho ny a v thp, khng nn lnh vic nng n qu (h bt hu s d, li Tiu Tng truyn). 2. : , , Lc nh: Hoc ch chi thp bng chi qui, pht khc vi, vnh trinh ct. Vng dng hng vu , ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: Thnh lnh c ngi gip cho mnh mt con ra ln ng gi mi bng, khng t chi c, rt tt. Nu l vua dng c t Thng , Thng cng hng, m c phc, tt.
Ging: Ho ny m, nhu thun, trung chnh, nn c ngi trn gip ch cho nhiu (nh cho mnh mt con ra qu coi ho 5 qu Tn trn), khng t chi c, c gi vng c trung chnh th tt. V d: l nh vua m c c c trung chnh cu Tri, th Tri cng gip cho. 3. : , , Lc tam: ch chi dng hung s, v cu. Hu phu trung hnh, co cng dng khu. Dch: Ho 3, m: gip ch cho bng cch bt chu hon nn (hay trng pht) th khng c li. Nu chn thnh sa li, gi o trung (v vi ngc khu) th c ngi trn (v vi v cng) chp nhn. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, bt trung, bt chnh, ng l khng c gip ch, nhng vo thi ch th cng c gip; c iu l gip cho bng cch bt chu hon nn (dng hung s) m m mt ra thnh ngi tt; cng nh trng tr sa li cho vy. Nhng 3 phi tht chn thnh sa mnh theo ng o trung th ri s ci qu ca n s c b trn bit, s chn thnh qu y nh chic ngc khu (ngc trng m trong) n dng ln bc cng (vng cng) s c nhn. 4. : , Lc t: Trung hnh, co cng tng; li dng vi y thin quc. Dch: Ho 4, m: Rn theo o trung m tha vi bc cng th bc cng s theo; li dng o trung lm ch ta th d vic ln nh di cng lm ni. Ging: Ho ny ln ti ngoi qui ri, c a v cao, trch nhim quan trng, thn cn vi vua, nhng km c trung nn Ho t khuyn rn theo o trung m co vi b trn (bc vng cng) th b trn s nghe m c th lm c vic nh di quc o. 5. : , , , , Cu ng: Hu phu, hu tm, vt vn, nguyn ct. Hu phu, hu ng c. Dch: Ho 5, dng: c lng ch thnh lm n c, th chng cn hi, cng bit l rt tt ri. Thin h ai cng tin vo c ban n hu ca 5. Ging: Ho ny l ng vua c ti c, va trung va chnh, c lng ch thnh ban n c cho dn, cho nn rt tt. Dn do rt tin vo c ca vua (ch ng y tr ho 5). 6. : , Thng cu: Mc ch chi hoc kch chi. Lp tm vt hng, hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: Khng ai lm ch cho mnh m c k kch mnh na, l v khng gi c hng tm (lng lun lun tt), xu. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, cui qu ch, l c lng cu ch n cng cc, tt b nhiu ngi on; nh vy ch v khng gi c hng tm. Theo H t h truyn, Chng V, Khng t p dng ho ny vo php x th, khuyn ngi qun t lm cho thn mnh c yn n ri sau mi hnh ng; lng mnh c bnh d ri sau mi thuyt phc ngi khc; lm cho giao tnh
c bn ri sau mi yu cu m khi b dn t chi. Khng t hiu hng tm: l nh vy chng? * Qu Tn vn xu m ho cui li tt, c ch ct, li hu du vng qu ch ny vn tt m ho cui li rt xu, b ch l hung. Cng ch l lut mn chiu tn, khim th ch, trn th cui cng s (cui qu ch), vi th cui cng c thm vo (cui qu Tn). l lut thin nhin m Nho, Lo, Dch hc phi u coi l qui tc x th. TR LI BIU 43. QU TRCH THIN QUI Trn l oi (chm), di l Cn (tri)
Tng ln n cng cc th ti lc trn y, nt v nn sau qu ch ti qu Qui. Qui c ngha l nt v, li c ngha l quyt lit. Thon t: : , . , , Qui: Dng vu vng nh, phu hiu. Hu l, co t p, bt li tc nhung, li hu du vng. Dch: Quyt lit: phi tuyn co ti c ca n sn vua, ly lng ch thnh m pht hiu lnh. C iu nh s y, phi t rn phe mnh , ng chuyn dng v lc, c nh vy th s nghip ca mnh cng tin ti, c li. Ging: Chm (oi) trn, tri (Cn) di, l nc chm dn ln ngp tri, tt nhin cc ngn nc phi nt v khp ni. Li thm 5 ho dng tin ln, quyt tm tr mt ho m trn cng. V hai l m qu ny t tn l Qui. Qu ny thuc v thng 3, m sp tiu ht, suy n cc ri. Tuy nhin vn phi phng, phi tuyn b ti c ca ti nhn trc cng chng, ri ly lng ch thnh ban lnh. Mc du vy, vn c th gp nguy c (c nhn tht d dt! ) cho nn phi rn phe mnh on kt, hnh ng ng hong, m ng nn chuyn dng v lc, v ngoi qui l oi c ngha l ho thun, vui v. Bn ch li hu du vng c sch ging l c nh vy tc khng dng v lc m tin ti th c li? Thon truyn ging l: c tin ti, n khi tr xong ho m, ch cn ton qun t, th mi l hon thnh (cng trng ni chung d).
i tng truyn khuyn nn ban pht li lc cho dn, cng do ci ca ngoi qui l oi: vui v, thun ho. Ho t: : , , S cu: Trng vu tin ch, vng, bt thng vi cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng: mnh (thng ngn chn bc ln trc (tc hng tin ln trc), tin ln m khng chc thng c l c li. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, hng lm, a v thp nht, ti cn non m mun tin ln trc dit ho m trn cng, cha chc thng m c tin ln l c li (v khng lng sc mnh, khng chun b k). 2. : , , , Cu nhi: Dch, hao, mc d hu nhung, vt tut. Dch: Ho 2, dng: lo lng m h ho cc bn ( phng) nh vy d m khuya gic c ti cng chng s. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, quyt tm dit tiu nhn, m c trung l bit lo lng, phng, cnh co cc bn lun lun, khi v s m nh vy th khi gic ti thnh lnh na m, cng chun b sn sng ri, nn khng s. 3. : , , Cu tam: Trng vu qu (cu), hu hung, qun t qui qui, c hnh ng v, nhc nhu hu un, v cu. Dch: Ho 3, dng: Cng bo g m (hin trn mt), c iu xu. Ngi qun t cng quyt (b tiu nhn): trc kia l i ring mt ng gp ma t v lm, b bn b gin, by gi ci qu, s khng c li. Ging: Ho ny l dng cng nhng bt trung, li ng vi ho m (tiu nhn), th k tiu nhn khng a m ngay cc bn qun t ca 3 cng khng a, (v cho l gi di?), c iu xu y Cu u: Trng vu qu, hu hung ti ngha, mi sch ging mt cch m u lng tng. Ho t khuyn c tht cng quyt b ho trn cng i, nh n i; trc kia l thn vi n m xa cc bn, nh mt ngi i ring mt ng, gp ma, t v lm ( ni mc ti li), b bn b gin, by gi hp lc vi bn, dit xong ho m ri, s ra sch c li. 4. : , , , Cu t: n v phu, k hnh t th, khin dng hi vong, vn ngn bt tn. Dch: Ho 4, dng: Nh bn to m khng c da (c ngi cho l khng hp c lp tht sau da), i chp chng (kh khn); ch nn i sau ngi ta nh ngi la by cu, th ht n hn; (nhng e rng) nghe (ta) ni m chng tin u. Ging: Ho dng ny bt trung bt chnh, vo v m, thy my ho dng kia tin n khng l ngi im, nhng thiu ti, tin chp chng (nh ngi bn to khng c da), ch c cch tt nht l nhng cho cc ho dng kia tin trc, n i sau cng nh ngi la by cu, nh vy khng n hn. Nhng n v nhu, khng sng sut, cho nn khuyn n vy m khng chc n nghe. 5.
: , , , Cu ng: Nghin lc, qui qui, trung hnh, v cu. Dch: Ho 5, dng (Ho trn cng) nh rau sam (c nhiu m kh), nu ho 5 cng quyt, o tn gc n, c theo o trung m i th khng li. Ging: Ho ny gn ho trn cng, gn tiu nhn (m, v nh rau sam), nh vy khng tt; nhng may n l dng cng , c trung c chnh, nn khng bn rn vi ho trn cng m quyt tm tr i. Ho t khuyn phi gi o trung th mi khng c li (v 5 vn c t tnh vi ho trn) 6. : , . Thng lc: v ho, chung hu hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: ng ku go, khng ai gip u, cui cng s b ho. Ging: Ho m trn cng qu Qui, b 5 ho dng tn cng, nguy c ti ri, khng c ho no gip n c, cho nn khuyn n ng ku go v ch, cui cng s cht thi. So snh qu Qui ny vi qu Phc chng ta thy dng ca c nhn. Qu Phc c 5 tiu nhn knh vi mt qun t trong s c mt tiu nhn (ho 4) lm ni ng cho qun t cho nn c khen l mt mnh bit tr li iu phi. Qu Qui, trong s 5 qun t ui mt tiu nhn, cng c mt qun t (ho 3) thn thin vi tiu nhn, cho nn khuyn l phi cng quyt tuyt giao vi tiu nhn i th s khng c li; cn ho 5 tuy khng chnh ng vi tiu nhn, nhng v l ngi ch tn, cm u phe qun t, m li gn tiu nhn (ho 6) cho nn cng khuyn phi cng quyt dit tiu nhn th s khng c li. Dch v qun t mu l vy.
TR LI BIU 44. QU THIN PHONG CU Trn l Cn (tri), di l Tn (gi)
Li ging ca T qui truyn rt p: Qui l quyt, phn quyt; phn quyt xong ri th bit c lnh hay d, tt c ngi gp g, cho nn sau qu Qui ti qu Cn (gp g). Thon t : ,
Cu: N trng, vt dng th n. Dch: Gp g: Con gi cng trng, ng ci n (cng c ngha l tiu nhn ng lc rt mnh, ng thn vi n). Ging: Tri (Cn) trn, gi (Tn) di, gi i di tri, tt ng chm vn vt, cho nn gi l Cu (gp g). Qu ny mt ho m mi sinh di (thuc v thng 5), ng vi 5 ho dng trn, cng nh mt ngi con gi rt cng trng, ng vi (Cn) nm ngi con tri, chng c vi 5 ngi cn trai, ho li bt c chnh (m v dng), nh ngi con gi bt trinh, khng nn ci n. Thon truyn a thm mt ngha khc, tri hn, tng truyn l ca Khng t; mt ho m xut hin di nm ho dng, l m dng bt u hi ng (gp nhau: cu), vn vt nh sinh trng, cc phm vt u rc r. Tt. Li thm ho 5 dng cng , trung chnh , th l o qun t c thi hnh khp thin h (cng ng trung chnh, thin h i hnh d). Cho nn ngha ch Cu ny tht ln lao. i tng truyn ch coi tng qu, khng ti ngha gp g ca qu, m a ra li khuyn ngi qun t nn thi hnh mnh lnh, bo co, hiu d khp bn phng, nh gi thi vo khp vn vt di tri. Ho t 1. : , S lc: H vu Kim n, trinh ct; hu du vng kin hung. Luy th phu trch trc. Dch: Ho 1, m: chn n li bng ci hm xe bng kim kh, th o chnh mi tt; nu cho n (ho 1) tin ln th xu. Con heo y tuy gy yu, nhng quyt chc c ngy n s nhy nht lung tung. Ging: Ho m (tiu nhn) ny mi xut hin, phi chn ngay n mi c, ng cho n tin ln th o chnh ca ngi qun t mi tt; nu n tin ln th xu. V by gi n tuy cn non, yu, nhng mt ngy kia n s mnh, nhy nht lung tung. ng nn coi thng n. l cch tr k tiu nhn m cng l cch tr nhng tt mi pht sinh. 2. : , Cu nh: Bao hu ng, v cu; bt li tn. Dch: Ho 2, dng: nht con c (ho 1) vo trong bc, khng c li; nhng ng cho n (ho 1) gp khch. Ging: Ho 2 ny tuy st ho 1, nhng c c dng cng , li c trung , cho nn ch ng c 1, nh nht lng n trong ci bao (v ho 2 vi con c v c thuc m), nh vy khng c ti li. Nhng 1 chnh ng vi ho 4; 4 mun lm thn vi 1 lm, n bt trung bt chnh, khng c c nh 2, s b 1 m hoc mt, cho nn Ho t khuyn ho 2 phi ngn khng cho 1 gp 4 (ch tn l khch, tr ho 4). 3. : , , , Cu tam: n v phu, k hnh t th, l, v i cu. Dch: Ho 3, dng: nh bn to khng c da (ngi khng yn m ng dy) i th chp chng, c th nguy y, nhng khng c li ln. Ging: Ho 3 ny qu cng (dng v dng) , bt trung, mun c bn l 1, nhng ho 2 l bn ca 1 ri; ng ln trn c ho trn cng ng vi 3, nhng
cng l dng nh 3, thnh th c v ngi khng an, m i th chp chng, c th nguy y. Nhng n c chnh (dng v dng) nn bit gi o, khng mc li ln. 4. : , Cu t: Bao v ng, khi hung. Dch: Ho 4, dng: Trong bc ca mnh khng c c, ho s pht. Ging: Ho ny ng vi 1, nhng b 2 ngn khng cho gp (coi li ho 2), 1 nh trong ci bc ca 2 ri, cho nn ci bc ca 4 khng c g c. S d vy cng do li ca 4, bt trung, bt chnh, lm mt lng 1. Ngi trn m mt lng k di, th ho s pht. 5. : , , Cu ng: D k bao qua, hm chng, hu vn t thin. Dch: Ho 5, dng: dng cy k m bao che cy da, ngm cha c tt, (s tt lnh) t trn tri rt xung. Ging: Ho ny a v ti cao, dng cng , trung chnh, c c tt m khng khoe khoang (ngm cha c tt), bao bc cho k tiu nhn di (ho 1) nh cy k, cao, cnh l xum xu che cy da (thuc loi m). Nh vy l hp o tri, s c tri ban phc cho. 6. : , , Thng cu: Cu k gic, ln, v cu. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: gp bng ci sng, ng hi tic, khng li cho ai c. Ging: Ho ny trn cng, thi Cu (gp g) cho nn v vi cp sng. Gp nhau m bng cp sng (ng nhau bng sng) ni qu cng ng hi tic. Mi sch u dch v cu l khng c li m khng ging ti sau qu cng m khng c li. Ring Phan Bi Chu hiu l: khng li cho ai c. Qu Cu ny khuyn ta: - Phi ch ng tiu nhn (v tt ca ta) t khi n mi xut hin ho 1). - Mun ch ng tiu nhn th nn c lng bao dng c c trung chnh nh ho 2, ho 5); nu qu cng (nh ho 3) bt trung bt chnh (nh ho 4) th tiu nhn s khng phc mnh.
TR LI BIU 45. QU TRCH A TY Trn l oi (chm), di l Khn (t)
Gp nhau ri th thnh by, thnh by thi phi nhm hp , cho nn sau qu Cu ti qu Ty (nhm hp) Thon t: : , , , , Ty: hanh, vng cch hu miu. Li kin i nhn, Hanh, li trinh. Dng i sinh, ct, li hu du vng. Dch: Nhm hp: hanh thng. Vua n nh Thi miu, ra mt k i nhn th li, hanh thng, gi vng o chnh th li. L vt ( cng) ln (hu h) th tt, tin i (s nghip) c lu di. Ging: chm (oi trn t (Khn), l nc c ch nhm, t, cho nn gi l qu Ty. Ni qui l Khn c tnh thun, ngoi qui l oi c ngha vui v, ho thun; m ho 5 trn c ho 2 di ng tr cho, tt nhm hp c ng ngi, cho nn hanh thng, tt. Nhm hp cn long trng v t lng ch thnh, c thn linh chng gim, cho nn vua ti nh Thi miu dng l, th. Ngi ng ra nhm hp mt ng phi l bc i nhn c ti, c, c ngi tin, trng th mi tt; ngi phi gi vng o chnh, ng li chnh ng th mi tt (li trinh). Nhm hp thi miu th t l phi long trng, nhng con vt cng phi ln, th mi tt. Nhm hp cng nhau mu tnh mi vic cho s nghip c lu di (li hu du vng). i Tng truyn khuyn khi nhp hp nn c tinh thn ho thun vui v nh qu Khn, qu oi, ct kh gii i nga nhng s bin bt ng xy ra. Ho t 1. : , , , , , S lc: hu phu, bt chung, mi lon ni ty; Nhc ho, nht c vi tiu vt tut, vng, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, m: c ngi tin mnh m mnh khng th n cng, ri lm ri lon nhm ca mnh; nn bit lm m ku gi ngi tin mnh kia, d c b mt by (tiu nhn) ci cng mc, c theo ln (vng) vi ngi tin mnh, th khng c li. Ging: Ho 1 ny c chnh l ho 4 dng cng, tc l c bn tin mnh, nhng 1 m nhu, gi o chnh khng c vng (khng theo 4 n cng) m nhp bn vi 2, 3 u l m nhu tiu nhn, lm ri lon nhm ca mnh. Nu c bit nh l lm m ku gi 5, theo 4, d c b 2, 3 ci cng mc, th s khng c li. 2. : , , , ,
Lc nh: Dn, ct, v cu, phu, ni li dng thc. Dch ho 2, m: dn bn ln nhm vi ho 5 th tt, khng c li, phi ch thnh, ch thnh th nh trong vic t l, dng l mn cng tt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu nhng trung chnh, ng vi ho 5 dng cng trung chnh trn, l mt nhm rt tt. Nhng v n xen vi gia hai ho m 1 v 3, m cch xa ho 5, nn Ho t khuyn n ko hai ho m ln nhm hp vi 5, th tt, khng c li, v nh phi ch thnh (phu) mi c, ch thnh th nh trong vic cng t, dng l mn (thc) cng tt) . 3. : , , , , , Lc tam: Ty nh, ta nh, v du li, vng, v cu, tiu ln. Dch: Ho 3, m: Mun hp m khng c nn than th, chng c g tt c; tin ln m hp vi ho thng, tuy hi bt mn y, nhng khng c li. Ging: Ho 3 ny m nhu, ng vi ho trn cng, nhng khng thch (v ho ny cng m nhu), mun hp vi 4 v 5 l dng kia, nhng 4 c bn l 1, 5 c bn l 2 ri, ch 3 l bt trung ,bt chnh khng thm; 3 nhn xung di, mun hp vi 2,1 cng khng c v h c bn l 5, 4 ri; v vy 3 than th, chng c g tt c. nh phi tin ln m hp vi ho trn cng vy, bt nh y, nhng khng c li. 4. : , Cu t: i ct, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, dng: nu c rt tt th mi khng c li. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, tt, ch him bt chnh; n thn vi ho 5, dng cng trn, m li gn vi mt by m nhu di tnh th kh khn, phi lm sao thuyt phc c by m theo 5, nh vy mi khi c li. 5. : , , , Cu ng: ty hu v, v cu, phi phu nguyn vnh trinh, hi vong. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Nh c v cao m nhm hp c ngi, khng c li, nu ngi cha tin mnh th phi gi t cch nguyn th, gi ngi c lu, gi o chnh c bn, nh vy mi khng hi hn. Ging: Bn ho m trong qu ny u mun hp vi hai ho dng, m trong hai ho dng ny, ho 5 c a v cao nht, c li thnh hn ho 4, c trung, chnh, cho nn cc ho m u hng vo (ty hu v), tt, khng c li. Nhng cn e c ngi vn cha tin hn 5 (ph nhu); mun cho mi ngi tin th phi lm sao xng ng l v nguyn th (nguyn), gi ngi c lu (vnh) gi o chnh (trinh) c bn, nh vy s khng hi hn. 6. : , , Thng lc: t t, th di, v cu. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Than th, st si, khng trch li ai c. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, km t cch, li cui thi nhm hp (ty) mun hp vi ai cng khng c, ti ni than th, st si, c an phn th khng c li. Phan Bi Chu hiu v cu l khng trch li ai c, cng nh ho trn cng qu Cu trn.
* i qu ny l mun hp ngi, lp mt ng chng hn th phi l bc i nhn: c a v cao, c ti, c c, phi c lng ch thnh, mt ch trng chnh ng. TR LI BIU 46. QU A PHONG THNG Trn l Khn (t), di l tn (gi)
Nhm hp li th tt nhin chng cht mi ln, cho nn sau qu ty n qu Thng (ln). Thon t: : , , , , Thng: nguyn hanh, dng kin i nhn, vt tut, nam chinh, ct. Dch: Ln: rt hanh thng, phi dng ngi c ti c (i nhn), khng c g l lo ngi, c tin v pha trc th tt. Ging: Tn l gi m cng l cy. y hiu l cy. Cy mc di t, mi ngy mi m ln cao, cho nn gi l qu Thng. Cng c th hiu: Khn vn l m nhu m tin ln ngoi qui l v thi tin ln th nn nh vy ch bnh thng th dng mi thng m m th ging. Tn c tnh nhn, khn c tnh thun; li thm ho 5 m c c nhu v trung , ng vi ho 2 c c dng cng, cho nn rt hanh thng. Phi dng ngi c ti c (ho 2) th mi khng c g lo ngi. Nam chinh l tin v pha trc mt, ch khng c ngha l tin v pha Nam. i Tng truyn khuyn xem qu ny nn thun o m sa c, mi ngy mt cht, ln ln s rt cao (tch tiu d cao i). Ho t 1. : , S lc: Don thng, i ct. Dch: Ho 1, m : c lng tin m tin ln, rt tt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, di cng, lm ch ni qui Tn, l c c khim tn, nhu thun, theo sau hai ho dng (2 v 3) m nh 2 ho dt ln, rt tt. Don ngha l tin, 1 tin 2 v 3, m 2 v 3 cng tin 1. Tiu tng truyn gi nh vy l hp ch nhau.
2. : , , Cu nh: Phu, ni li dng thc, v cu. Dch: Ho 2, dng: tin nhau c lng ch thnh th dng l nh cng c, khng c li. Ging: Ho 2, ny dng cng m di, ho 5 m nhu m v cao, hai bn khc nhau nh vy m ng vi nhau l rt tin nhau bng lng ch thnh, hp tc vi nhau lm nn s nghip thi Thng. c lng ch thnh th l vt rt n s cng c, khng c li. 3. : , Cu tam: Thng, nh p. Dch: Ho 3, dng: ln d dng nh vo ci p khng ngi . Ging: Ho ny c chnh, c ti, trn cng ni qui l Tn, c c thun theo ba ho m trn, c 3 ho dt ln mt mt cch d dng, nh vo mt ci p khng c ai ngn cn, khng c g ngi c. 4. : , , Lc t: Vng dng hanh vu K sn, ct, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: vua Vn Vng dng o m hanh thnh ni K sn, tt, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny nhu thun, c chnh, ngay di ho 5, nh vua mt nc ch hu, gip thin t, dt cc ngi hin cng tin ln; l trng hp vua Vn Vng, mt ch hu di thi nh n, lp nn s nghip K Sn. 5. , , Lc ng: Trinh ct, thng giai. Dch: Ho 5, m: gi c o chnh th tt, d dng ln thm. Ging: Ho ny tuy m nhu nhng c trung, di c ho 2 l hin thn gip, nn d dng c ch, ln thm cao mt cch d dng (lp c s nghip) 6. : , Thng lc: Minh thng, li vu vt tc chi trinh. Dch: Ho trn cng, m:Hn m c mun ln hoi, nu sa c cho hp o chnh, khng bao gi ngh th c li. Ging : Ho ny m nhu, hn m, di thi thng, ln n cng cc ri m cn mun ln na; nu i lng ham ln thnh lng t cng , sa c cho hp o chnh, khng bao gi ngh, th li tt.Nm ho di u tt, ch c ho trn cng l xu v qu tham, c mun tin ln hoi v danh li, a v.
TR LI BIU 47. QU TRCH THY KHN Trn l oi (chm), di l Khm (nc)
Ln cao mi th c lc s t m khn, cho nn sau qu Thng ti qu Khn. Thon t: : , , , . Khn: Hanh, Trinh, i nhn ct, v cu. Hu ngn bt thn (ch [nhn ng k ngn ] y dng nh ch [] Dch : Khn: Hanh thng. Chnh nh nh bc i nhn (c c) th tt, khng li. D ni g cng khng by t c lng mnh (khng ai nghe mnh) Ging: Qu Khm l dng cui, qu oi l m trn , dng cng (qun t) b m nhu (tiu nhn) che lp, cho nn gi l Khn. Li thm: ni qui mt ho dng b kt gia hai ho m; ngoi qui hai ho dng di mt ho m, cng l ci tng qun t b tiu nhn lm khn. Mt cch ging na: Chm (oi) trn m Khm (nc) di, nc trong chm chy xung di, tit mt ht, chm s kh, thnh ra ci tng Khn. Tuy nhin, Khm l him, oi l ho duyt, vy tuy gp him m vn vui v hanh thng. Hanh thng ch l i vi bc i nhn, c c cng, trung, gi o chnh thi; v hng ngi cng gp cnh khn, ti cng c luyn; c cng c trau, ch cng vng d c phi hy sinh tnh mnh tha ch nguyn cng khng ngi, thn tuy khn m vn vui v, o ca h vn hanh thng, cho nn Ho t cho l tt, khng c li. vo thi Khn, ch c cng quyn, khng c cng l, nn ng ni g c, cng ni ch cng thm v ming, khng bin bch c g u. y l li khuyn chung, cn bc qun t c th st thn d thnh nhn th li khc. Ho t: 1. : , , S lc: n khn vu chu mc, nhp vu u cc, tam tu bt dch. Dch: Ho 1, m: Bn to b khn gc cy, li sp vo trong hang ti, ba nm khng thy ai. Ging: Ho ny u qu Khn, m nhu, m mui; ho 3 , dng ng vi n, bt trung bt chnh khng gip g c n; nh mt ngi ngi trn cy tri tri gc ra ( ni ho u, thp nht), ri li sp vo hang ti (ho ny m, nhu m mui) m khng thy ai li cu (ai y tr ho 4). 2. : , , , Cu nh: Khn vu tu thc, chu pht lai. Li dng hng t, chinh hung, v cu. Dch: Ho ny dng cng, c trung, ng l tt, nhng thi Khn th cng vn b khn v n ung, do n vua lc nc; c trn ng hp li nh gip ( y tng trng bng vic em ci pht , mt b phn l phc che u gi); nn em lng tinh thnh t thn linh m x s trong thi khn ny; nu
c tin hnh th khng gp thi xu; gi o th khng c li. 3. : , , , , Lc tam: Khn vu thch, c vu tt l, nhp vu k cung, bt kin k th, hung. Dch: Ho 3, m: nh ngi b khn v , m li da vo cy tt l, v nh th khng thy v, xu. Ging: Ho ny bt trung ,bt chnh, m nhu vo thi khn, trn cng ni qui l Khm, tc cnh cc him, tn thoi u khng c nn v vi ngi b dn trn (tc ho 4) m li da vo mt loi cy c gai (tt l tc ho 2) , v nh li khng thy v (tc ho trn cng cng m nhu, khng gip 3 c g). Rt xu. Theo H t truyn Chng v, Khng t thch ngha thm nh sau: Khng phi ch ng b khn m mnh b khn th danh t b nhc, khng phi ch ng da m mnh da vo th thn tt b nguy; b nhc li b nguy th sp cht ti ni ri, cn thy sao c v na? 4. : , , , Cu t: Lai t t, Khn vu kim xa, ln, hu chung. Dch: Ho 4, dng : (Bn mnh) li chm v b c xe bng kim kh chn (khn) c iu n hn, nhng c trn vn v sau. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, nhng bt trung, bt chnh, vo Khn, trong vo ho 1 (ng vi n) ti gip; nhng 1 khng ti mau c v b ho 2 chn gia (ho 2 ny v vi c xe bng kim kh, c l v 2 dng cng, m kim kh l cht cng chng cho nn c iu ng n hn, xu h; nhng cui cng vn lin hp c vi I v hai bn u dc lng ng vi nhau (4 l dng, 1 l m) 5. : , , Cu ng: t nguyt, khn vu xch pht, Ni t hu duyt, li dng t t. Dch: Ho 5, dng: B xo mi, ct chn, khn v ci pht ; thng thng s vui, nn dng lng ch thnh lc cng t (m x vo thi Khn). Ging: Ho dng v ch tn, c ti c, nhng vo thi Khn, ngi chung quanh mnh v di mmh u b khn c, li thm ho trn cng l m mun d p quanh mnh, ho 4 dng cng di tnh lm hi mnh, ngay n ho 2 em ci pht cho n, nh n gip, n cng ch lm cho mnh thm khn nh vy mnh khng khc g k b thng mi (xo mi), chn (ct chn); nhng 5 v 2 cng c c cng trung th ri s hp vi nhau, c ch thnh th s hanh thng, vui. 6. : , : , , Thng lc: Khn vu ct ly, vu nit ngt. Vit ng hi, hu hi, chinh ct. Dch: Ho trn cng ,m: B khn v dy sn dy leo, khp khnh, gp ghnh; t hi rng; hot ng th n hn chng? Bit suy ngh nh vy th hnh ng s tt. Ging: Ho ny cui thi Khn, nh ngi b buc chng cht trong m dy sn
dy leo m li i ng trong ch khp khnh, gp ghnh; nhng khn ti cng cc ri th s thng, cho nn nu thn trng, bit n nn th s tt. So snh ba qu Trun, Kin, Khn. Qu Trun l u thi kh khn, cn c th hnh ng cht t cu vn thi th c. Qu Kin l gia thi c kh khn, nn ch thi, khng lm g ht, hoc c v bn phn m lm th cng kh c kt qu. Ti Qu Khn, thi kh khn ln ti tt im, 5 ho xu (Khn, ln) ch c ho cui cng mi tt, nh phi ch thi, gi c trung, chnh, lng ch thnh mi qua c cn khn.
TR LI BIU 48. THY PHONG TNH Trn l Khm (nc), di l Tn (gi)
Ln (Thng) ti cng th b khn, m t xung di, cho nn sau qu Khn ti qu Tnh (ging, tc ch thp hn ht). Thon t: : , , , , , Tnh: Ci p bt ci tnh, v tng v c, vng lai tnh tnh. Ngt ch, dic v dut tnh, luy k bnh, hung. Dch: ging: i p ch khng i ging, nc ging khng kit m cng khng thm; ngi qua ngi li mc nc ging. Gn n ni (n ging), cha kp thng dy gu xung m b ci bnh ng nc, th xu. Ging: Theo tng qu, trn l nc (Khm), di l g (Tn y khng hiu l gi m hiu l cy, l bng g - tr ci gu), c ngha l thng ci gu xung nc mc ln. Theo hnh ca qu: di cng l mt m, nh mch nc, ri tin ln l hai ho dng, nh lp t y ging; tin ln na l ho m, tc nc ging, lng ging: trn na l mt vch lin, tc ci np ging, trn cng l mt vch t, tc ming ging. i tng truyn ging mt cch khc: nc (Khm) trn cy (Tn), tc l nha (nc t di t theo thn cy ln) ngn cy, cng nh mch nc trong ging, chy ra, cho nn gi l qu Tnh. Bn th ca ci ging l u th y, p cn c khi thay i, ch ging th c nh; c nc mch chy v ging hoi, nn nc ging khng kit, nhng nc
ging ch ln ti mt mc no , khng khi no trn ra. Cng dng ca ging l ai cng li ging ly nc (tnh tnh: ch tnh trn l ng t, ch tnh di l danh t), k qua ngi li thng, ngi no cng nh n m c nc, n gip mi ngi m nh v tm. Ni v nhn s th ngi i ly nc, gn ti ri, cha kp thng dy gu (dut) xung, m nh v ci bnh ng nc th tht ung cng; vy lm vic g cng phi cn thn, n ni n chn khi tht bi na chng. Thon truyn bo ging u y, khng thay i nh p, vy l c c cng trung ca ho 2 v ho 5. i tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t nn coi tng ci ging m nui dn v ch cho dn cch gip ln nhau. Ho t: 1. : S lc: tnh n, bt thc, cu tnh v cm. Dch: Ho 1, m: Ging ly bn, khng ai li ly nc; khng c con vt no li mt ging c. Ging: Ho 1 m nhu, a v thp nht, ho 4 trn cng khng gip g n, chnh l hng ngi v dng, bt ti, nn v nh ci ging khng c mch, b bn, khng ai li ly nc, chim mung cng khng ti. 2. : , , Cu nh: Tnh cc, x ph, ng t lu. Dch: Ho 2, dng: ging trong hang (c ngi hiu l ging c ci hang), nc ch lch tch t git bn vo con gic, nh ci chum nt, nc d ra. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, c ti hn ho 1, nhng a v cng thp, trn cng khng c ngi ng vin cho, nn cng khng lm ni vic i, v nh ci ging nc tuy trong, nhng nc mch t, ch d ra nui con gic, ch khng c ngi ti mc. Ho ny khc ho 1 ch 1 v bt ti m v dng, ho ny v hon cnh m ho v dng. 3. : , . , Cu tam: tnh tit bt thc, vi ng tm trc. Kh dng cp; vng minh, tnh th k phc. Dch: Ho 3, dng: ging trong m chng n, lng ta thng xt, c th dng m mc ln c; gp ng vua sng sut th mi ngi u c phc. Ging: Ho dng ny c chnh, l ngi c ti, mun gip i, nhng a v cn thp (ni qui), khng c dng, v nh ci ging nc trong m khng ai mc. Nu c ng vua sng sut dng, th ngi s gip cho mi ngi c nh. 4. : , Lc t: Tnh tru, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: Ging m thnh v y xp , khng c li. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, ti tm thng, nhng c chnh, gn ho 5 ch tn, nn nh 5 m lm c vic nh, khng c li, v nh ci ging mch khng
nhiu, nhng xp thnh v y, th nc mch thm vo, lng li, cng tm dng c. 5. : , Cu ng: Tnh lit, hn tuyn thc. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Nc ging trong, lnh, mc ln n c. Ging: Ho nay dng cng, c trung, ngi ch tn, c n trch vi dn chng, nn v vi nc ging va trong, va mt, li mc ln c. 6. : , , , Thng lc: Tnh thu, vt mc, hu phu, nguyn ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Nc ging mc ln ri, ng che y, c mi mi nh vy, khng thay i th rt tt. Ging: Ho trn cng ny tuy l m nhu, nhng cui cng qu Tnh, n c ci tng nc ging mc ln ri, nn cho mi ngi dng, ch ng che y, v c nh vy gip i mi th khng g tt bng. * Chng ta , qu Tnh ny c im c bit l cc ho cng ln cao cng tt, tt nht l ho trn cng. Thng cc qu khc, ho trn cng c ngha l cng cc: h l qu tt nh qu Cn, qu thi th ho trn cng xu; nu l qu xu nh qu B, qu khn th ho trn cng tt, v lut: cc th phi bin, tt bin ra xu, xu bin thnh tt. qu Tnh ny vi qu nh (v mt s qu na nh qu Tim . . .), ho trn cng khng c ngha cng cc, m c ngha l lc cui (chung), lc nc mc ln (Tnh) hoc thc n chnh (nh), tc l lc thnh cng, cho nn u tt c. TR LI BIU 49. QU TRCH HA CCH Trn l oi (chm), di l Ly (la)
Nc ging tch tr lu ngy, bi ct v cc vt d mi ngy mi nhiu, khng cn trong sch na, phi tt ht nc c nc mch mi chy vo thay, cho nn sau qu Tnh ti qu Cch. Cch ngha l thay i, nh trong t ng ci cch, bin
cch, cch mng. Thon t. : , Cch: D nht ni phu, nguyn hanh li trinh. Hi vong. Dch: Thay i: Phi lu ngy ngi ta mi tin c; phi rt hanh thng, hp chnh o (th ngi ta mi phc). c vy th khng phi n nn. Ging: Theo tng qu, chm (oi) trn, la (Ly) di; la t th nc cn, nc xi vo th la tt; hai th o tranh nhau th c s thay i, cho nn gi l qu Cch. Li c th ging: oi l con gi t, Ly l con gi gia, h c xu hng khc nhau (con gi t ngh ti cha m, con gi gia ngh ti chng), phi c s thay i, khng th nh vy m chung vi nhau c. Thay c i mi l mt vic kh, ngc vi thi quen th cu ca con ngi, cho nn mi u ngi ta khng tin, cho l a s. Mun cho ngi ta tin th phi mt thi gian lu ngi ta thy kt qu. M mun c kt qu, s ci cch phi hp thi hp chnh o, phi sng sut, soi xt rch ri v c tnh ho duyt tho thun vi lng ngi (vn minh d duyt: li thon truyn), c vy mi c nhn tm m ngi ta khng phn khng. Sng sut l c ca ni qui Ly, ho duyt l c ca ngoi qui oi. C nhng iu kin : hp thi, hp chnh o (tc l thch ng, chnh ng) sng sut v ho duyt th khng phi n nn. Vua Thang dit Kit, vua V dit Tr, hai cuc cch mng u thun vi o Tri (chnh o) v ng vi lng ngi (hp thi, hp nguyn vng nhn dn) cho nn thnh cng. Tri t phi thay i mi c ma, m vn vt mi sinh sinh ho ho, vic i lu lu cng phi ci cch, tr nhng t hi c m thch hp vi hon cnh mi. Ho t. 1. : S cu: cng dng hong ngu chi cch. Dch: Ho 1, dng: b cht bng da con b vng. Ging: ngi no mun lm vic ci cch ln th phi c thi (hp thi), c a v c ti. Ho 1 ny mi vo bui u ca thi Cch (thay i), cn l d, th l cha c thi, a v li thp, tuy dng cng nhng bt trung th l ti c cn km, trn khng c ngi ng vin (ho 4 cng l dng); lm vic ci cch tt hng; ch nn gi vng (b cht bng) o trung (tng trng bng mu vng); thun (c ca loi b), th mi khi b li. 2. : , , Lc nh: D nht ni cch chi, chinh ct, v cu. Dch: Ho 2, m: chun b lu ngy ri ci cch, tin i th tt, khng li. Ging: Ho ny nhu thun, c trung c chnh, gia ni qui Ly l sng sut, trn c ho 5 dng cng, trung chnh, v cao, ng vin cho, t cc, hon cnh thun tin ci cch (v v 2 ny l c hi ci cch ti) cho nn c vic m i min l chun b cho k, cho ngi trn k di u tin mnh. 3.
: , , , Cu tam: chnh hung, trinh l, cch ngn tam tu, hu phu. Dch: ho, dng: hng hi tin liu th xu, bn vng gi o v thn trng lo lng, tnh ton sp t k hoch ti 3 ln th kt qu mi chc chn. Ging: Ho ny dng cng , bt trung, c tnh nng ny, mun lm liu, hng hi tin ti, hngvic (chinh hung). Phi gi vng (trinh) o chnh, thn trng, lo lng(l); phi sp t, tnh ton k hoch n 3 ln, chc khng c g khuyt im, th kt qu mi chc chn (phu y ngha l chc chn). 4. : , , , Cu t: Hi vong, hu phu, ci mnh, ct. Dch: Ho 4, dng: Hi hn tiu ht, c lng ch thnh, trn di u tin theo, i mnh (ci cch ln) c, tt. Ging: Ho ny dng v m, ng l c iu n nn, nhng vo thi ci cch, khng nn cng qu, cho nn tnh cng m v nhu, va cng va nhu l tt, khng phi n hn. Nu c lng ch thnh khin ngi trn k di u tin mnh, th c vic tin hnh vic cch mnh, tt. 5. : , Cu ng: i nhn, h bin; v chim hu phu. Dch: Ho 5 dng: Bc i nhn lm cho x hi thay i nh con h thay lng (mt, p hn) cha bi cng tin nh vy ri. Ging: Ho ny c c thi (cng cuc ci cch c tm chn phn mi ri, v ngi ch tn), ti c (dng cng, trung chnh, ng l mt i nhn) cho nn thnh cng m mn, lm cho x hi thay i, tt p, mi m ln nh con h thay lng, dn chng sn lng in nh vy t khi cha bi. 6. : , . , , Thng lc: Qun t bo bin, tiu nhn cch din. Chnh hung, c trinh, ct. Dch: Ngi qun t (thc hiu v theo s ci cch nh) con bo thay lng; k tiu nhn min cng theo ngoi mt. Cng vic ci cch n y xong, nn ngng li, tin na th xu, c gi vng chnh o th tt. Ging: Ho ny cui cng thi cch, cng vic ci cch xong. Kt qu l hng ngi t bc trung tr ln, sng sut (qun t) thc tm t thay c m theo mi, cn ngi t cch thm km (tiu nhn) ch thay i b ngoi thi. Nh vy l kt qu tt p ri, ng ci cch hoi na m sinh hu hon, nn gi chnh o. Phan Bi Chu ch N ph Lun khi lt nn qun ch ca Php, khai quc hi, lp hin php ri, khng chu ngng li, cn xng , ri mun chinh phc Chu u na, kt qu thn b y, danh b hy. * Su ho qu ny din ng nhng giai on t bc u kh khn n lc ci cch thnh cng. Phi c nhng iu kin: hp thi, hp o, c a v, c ti c, sng sut rt thn trng (tnh ton, sp t k hoch k lng ba ln), c lng ch thnh, tnh
ho duyt, c nhiu ngi tin th lm cng vic ci cch ln mi c. Cn nht l c lng tin, ch cng v t. TR LI BIU 50. QU HA PHONG NH Trn l Ly (la), di l Tn (gi)
Cch l bin i, c cng dng cch vt (bin i cc vt ) d thy nht l ci nh (vc) v n dng nu n, bin sng thnh chn; cho nn sau qu Cch ti qu nh. Thon t: : , nh: Nguyn ct, hanh. Dch: Vc (nu n): rt tt, hanh thng. Ging: Nhn hnh ca qu , ta thy vch t di cng nh ci chn vc, ba vch lin trn nh ci thn vc trong cha thc n, vch t trn na nh hai tai vc vch lin trn cng l ci n khing vc, v vy gi l qu nh. Theo ngha th ni qui Tn l cy, g ( y khng nn hiu tn l gi), ngoi qui Ly l la; t cy vo la t m nu thc n. trn xt qu Tnh, v vic ung; y l qu nh, v vic n. C nhn trong vic nu nng, trc ht t Thng , ri nui bc thnh hin. T Thng th ct thnh tm, nui thnh hin th ct trng hu. l ngha cu trong Thon truyn. thnh nhn phanh (ch y c l phanh nh ch d hng Thng , nhi i phanh (i y l trng hu dng thnh hin. V vy qu nh c ci ngha rt tt. Qu Ly c c thng minh, sng sut; qu Tn c c vui thun; ho 5, m nhu m c ngi ch tn, c trung, ng vi ho 2 dng cng di ; vy qu nh c nhng c sng sut, vui thun, c trung, cng (ho 2) nhu (ho 5) ng vin nhau lm vic i, th c vic g m khng hanh thng? Ho t: 1. : , , , , S lc: nh in ch, li xut b, c thip, d k t, v cu Dch: Ho 1, m :Vc chng chn ln, trt nhng d bi bm (b) ra th li; (ngu nhin gp may) nh gp c ngi thip sinh con cho mnh, khng li.
Ging: Ho ny l ci chn vc, m nhu m ng vi ho 4 dng cng trn c ci tng chng chn ln trn, tuy xu, nhng v vc cha ng thc n, cha t ln bp th nhn n chng chn ln m trt ht cc d bn ra, rt cuc ho tt; ngu nhin gp may nh ngi n ng c v ri, gp mt ngi thip thp hn nhng sinh con cho mnh, khng c li. 2. : , , , Cu nh: nh hu thc, ng cu hu tt, bt ng nng tc, ct. Dch: Ho 2, dng: Vc cha thc n ri; k th on ta v ghen tung, nhng khng ti gn ta c. tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng v trung, hu dng ri nh ci vc cha thc n. V n thn vi ho 5 trn, m khng n ho 1 m st n, nn n b 1 ghen tng m on n. Nhng n qun t, ng vi ho 5, nn 1 khng ti gn m hm hi c n. Nn cn thn thi, vn l tt. 3. : , , , , Cu tam: nh nh cch, k hnh tc, tr cao bt thc; phng v, khuy hi, chung ct. Dch: Ho 3, dng: nh ci tai vc dng thay i, cha ct vc ln c, thnh th m chim tr (m ngon) cha em ra cho ngi ta n; nhng sp ma ri, khng cn n nn na, kt qu s tt. Ging: Ho ny gia lng vc, dng cng, l hng ngi tt, c ho trn cng ng vi n, nhng b ho 5 ngn cch (cng nh ci tai vc ho 5 cn dng sa, cha ct vc ln c) thnh th cha c dng, cng nh mn n (ho 3) cha em ra cho ngi ta n c. Nhng 3 c ti, li chnh ng (dng v dng) th chng bao lu 5 v s hp nhau, m(5) dng (3) giao ho, tng nh tri sp ma, khng cn g n hn na; lc 3 s c dng, kt qu s tt. 4. : , , Cu t: nh chit tc, phc cng tc (tc) k hnh c, hung. Dch: Ho 4, dng: Chn vc gy, nh thc n ca nh cng hu, m b hnh pht nng, xu. Ging: Ho ny v cao, gn ngi ch tn, vy l c trch nhim ln, nhng ng hp vi 1, m nhu di, nn khng gnh ni trch nhim, nh ci vc gy chn, nh thc n, m b ti. Theo H t h truyn Chng v, Khng t cho rng ho ny cnh co nhng k c mng m ngi tn, tr nh m mu ln, sc yu m gnh nng. 5. : , , Lc ng: nh hong nh, kim huyn, li trinh. Dch: Ho 5, m: Vc c tai mu vng, c n xu bng kim kh; gi c o chnh th bn. Ging: Ho ny l ci quai vc, c trung cho nn tng bng mu vng; trn n l ho dng cng, tng bng ci n xu bng kim kh (cht cng), vy l ngi c ti, c, ch cn gi c o chnh thi.
6. : , , . Thng cu: nh ngc huyn, i ct, v bt li. Dch: Ho trn cng dng: vc c ci n xu bng ngc rt tt, khng g l khng li. Ging: Ho trn cng ny l ci n xu vo tai vc m khing; n dng cng m v m (chn), va cng va nhu, nn v n vi cht ngc va cng va n nhun. cui thi nh, nh vy l rt tt. Qu ny cng nh qu Tnh, ho trn cng tt nht v ti lc thnh cng.
TR LI BIU 51. QU THUN CHN Trn di u l Chn (sm, ng).
Vc l mt dng quan trng trong nh, lm ch gi n, khng ai bng con trai trng, cho nn sau qu nh ti qu Chn. Chn l sm m cng l trng nam. Thon t: , , , Chn hanh. Chn lai hch hch, tiu ngn ch ch. Chn knh bch l, bt tng chu xng. Dch: Sm ng th hanh thng. Lc sm n m m m np np lo s th sau s ci ni ha ha. Sm ng trm dm m khng mt mung v ru ngh ( t thn) Ging: Sm pht ng th vn vt mi ny n, cho nn bo l hanh thng. Khi c iu g kinh ng m np np lo s, gi gn sa mnh th khng b tai ho m sau s c vui v. Sm vang ng xa n trm dm, m tinh thn vn vng, khng n ni nh mt t thn (ci mung v ru lm bng la mch ho vi ngh) th l tt, hanh thng. Ni n vic t thn l din ci : gi c tn miu, x tc. Ho t: 1. : , , S cu: chn lai hch hch, hu tiu ngn ch ch, ct. Dch: Ho ny u thi sm ng. Ho t y ht Thon t, ch thm hai ch hu (sau) v ct tt. 2.
: , , , Lc nh: Chn lai, l; c tng bi, t vu cu lng, vt trc, tht nht c. Dch: Ho 2, m: Sm n, c c nguy, e mt ca chng (s hi) chy ln chn tng g trnh; d mt ca nhng ng ui theo, by ngy s c. Ging: Ho ny m nhu li ci ln ho 1 dng cng, nht nht, s 1 p bc, e c c nguy, li ngi mt ca, nn phi trnh xa (ln chn tng g); nhng n vn trung, chnh, kho x nn ng qu lo m khip s, c bnh tnh, d c mt tin, sau cng ly li c. 3. : , Lc tam: Chn t t, chn hnh v snh. Dch: Sm ng m sinh thc lon; c trnh i, b iu bt chnh th khng b ho. Ging: Ho m, v dng, l hng ngi bt chnh, nn lo s ti thc lon; nu tr v ng chnh th khng b tai ho. 4. : , Cu t: chn, toi n. Dch: Ho 4, dng: sm ng, bi say m chm m. Ging: Ho dng ny, bt trung, bt chnh, m li b hm vo gia bn ho m, hai trn, hai di, nn gp vic chn ng, lo s, khng t thot c, ch chm m thi. 5. : , , Lc ng: Chn vng lai, l; c v tng, hu s. Dch: Ho 5, m: Sm ti hay lui cng u thy nguy; c lo (c) sao cho khi mt c trung (v tng), th lm c cng vic. Ging: Ho m, hay lo s, ch thy ton l nguy, nhng v 5, c c trung; c gi c th sm ti hay lui (vng lai cng c th hiu l ho 5 ny ti hay lui) cng khng sao m cn lm c cng vic na. 6. : , , , , , Thng lc: Chn tc tc, th quc quc, chinh hung. Chn bt vu k cung, vu k ln, v cu, hn cu hu ngn. Dch: Ho trn cng: Sm ng m kinh hong, mt nhn nhc, nu i ti (hnh ng) th xu. Nu phng trc t khi s chn ng cha ti bn thn mnh, mi ti hng xm, th khng lm li, mc du b con c k ch ci mnh. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, gp hon cnh cc k chn ng (v trn cng qu Chn) cho nn c v qu s st, m khng c ti nn khng nn hnh ng g c, ch nn phng trc thi. Bn ch: hn cu hu ngn Chu Hi hiu l ni v vic g ci, khng khi c li ng vc; cc sch khc u hiu l b b con (hn cu) ch ci. Ti sao li ch ci? Ti ho ny nht nht: Ti khng dm hnh ng chng?
TR LI BIU
52. QU THUN CN Trn di u l Cn (ni)
Khng th ng hoi c, s ti lc phi ngng, cho nn sau qu Chn ti qu Cn. Cn c ngha l ni, ni ng yn mt ch, cho nn cng c ngha l ngng li. Thon t. , , , , Cn k bi, bt hoch k thn, hnh k nh, bt kin k nhn, v cu. Dch: Ngng ci lng (tnh nh ci lng) khng thy c thn mnh, i trc sn, khng thy c ngi, khng c li. Ging: Qu ny vn l qu Khn, ly nt th ba, dng ca qu Cn thay vo nt th ba, m ca Khn m thnh mt nt dng trn, hai nt m di; nt dng ngng li trn, hai nt m cng b chn di, cho nn t tn l qu Cn (ngng) Trong thn th ngi ta, u, c tay chn thng ng y, ch c lng l thng tnh; l ngha ba ch: Cn k bi H tnh th khng b tnh dc chi phi, khng lm iu c; tnh th khng ngh ti mnh (bt hoch k thn), m cng qun c ngi khc (nh i trc sn m khng thy c ngi), tc l khng phn bit mnh vi ngi, nh vy th khng c li. Thon truyn ging thm: Lc ng ngng th ngng, ng i th i (i tc l bit tin ti ch phi ngng li), ng tnh u hp thi. Li phi bit ngng ch ng ngng, v d c x vi ngi c t cho c c nhn, c tn, nh vy l bit ngng ch ng ngng. Khng phn bit mnh vi ngi, coi nhn ng ch l nht th (cng nh ni qui l Cn, ngoi qui cng l Cn, cng mt th vi nhau, theo cch gii ca Thon truyn), l ngha su sc ca qu Cn. i Tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t ch nn ngng ch lm trn bn phn ca mnh v ng trt ra ngoi bn phn ca mnh (bt xut k v) Ho t. 1. : , , s lc: Cn k ch, v cu, li vnh trinh. Dch: Ho 1, m: Bit ngng ngn chn th khng c li, gi bn c chnh o th c li. Ging: ho m ny di cng qu Cn v nh ngn chn; lc mi bt u ng m bit cn thn, ngng li th khng c li. S d khuyn nh vy v ho 1 bt chnh (m v dng. M phi kin nhn gi chnh o th mi c li.
2. : , , . Lc nh: Cn k ph, bt chng k ty, k tm bt khoi. Dch: Ho 2, m: Ngn bp chn, khng cu c bp v m mnh phi theo n, lng khng vui. Ging: ho ny trn ho 1, nh bp chn; n c trung c chnh, bit lc no nn ngng, nhng n ty thuc ho 3 trn n, nh bp v trn bp chn (v c ng th bp chn c ng theo), m 3 th lm li khng sa c, phi theo mt k lm li th lng khng vui. 3. : , , Cu tam: Cn k hn, lit k di (cng c l dn), l hun tm. Dch: Ho 3, dng: Ngn lng qun (ngang thn), nh b t gia xng sng, nguy khn, lo nh chy c rut. Ging: Ho ny trn cng ni qui, nh ch lng qun, ni phn cch trn v di. N l dng cng, bt trung, tin ln th ngi trn khng nghe, lui xung cng khng c, nh b t gia xng sng, rt nguy khn. 4. : , Lc t: Cn k thn, v cu. Dch: Ho 3, m: Ngn phn thn mnh, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny ln n gia thn mnh, n c chnh (m v m) bit lc nn ngng th ngng, tuy khng lm c vic g, nhng khng c li. 5. : , , Lc ng: Cn k ph, ngn hu t, hi vong. Dch: Ho 5, m: Ngn ci mp li (c sch dch l xng hm), n ni c th t, hi hn mt i. Ging: Ho ny ln ti mp, c trung, bit thn trng li ni, lc no khng ng ni th khng ni, nn khng c g hi hn. 6. : , Thng cu: n cn, ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: n hu v o bit ngng phi lc, tt. Ging: Ho ny trn cng, lm ch qu dng cng, c tnh n hu, bit lc no nn ngng th ngng tt. Phan Bi Chu nhn rng trong Kinh Dch c tm qu m ngoi qui l Cn, tc cc qu : B, Bc, i Sc, C, Di, Tn, Mng v qu Thun Cn ny. M ho trn cng ca tm qu u tt. Nh vy Kinh Dch rt trng ni, v ni c c trng hu. Chng ti ngh c th cng v l ni c c tnh na. Dch hc phi nh Khng gio ch trng hu vi (hnh ng gip i), nhng cng trng c tnh, tnh nh ni. Tnh l khng b th dc dao ng m t li, tnh th mi sng sut. o Lo rt trong c tnh. Dch hc phi trng ng m cng trng tnh, l dung ho c hai trit l ln nht ca Trung Hoa.
Chng ti li nh ti cu: Tr gi nho thy, nhn gi nho sn trong Lun ng (VI 20) Khng v Lo d dung ho vi nhau l phi.
TR LI BIU 53. QU PHONG SN TIM Trn l Tn (gi), di l Cn (ni)
Ngng ri th c lc phi tin ln ln, cho nn sau qu Cn ti qu Tim. Tim l tin ln ln. Thon t: : , , Tim: N qui, ct, li trinh. Dch: tin ln ln; Nh con gi v nh chng, tt; gi vng o chnh th li. Ging: Qu ny trn l Tn ( y c ngha l cy), di l Cn (ni). Trn ni c cy, c ci tng di thp ln ln ln cao, nn t tn l Tim. Cn cn c ngha l ngn, Tn cn c ngha l thun, ngn di m thun trn, cho tin, nhng khng cho tin vi, m tin ln ln thi. Nh trng hp con gi v nh chng, vic g con, phi thn trong, thung dung, khng nn hp tp, c vy mi tt. Xt bn ho gia qu, t 2 ti 5, t di tin ln, ho no cng c chnh ( ho m v m, ho dng v dng), nht l cng c chnh, c trung ; cho nn Thon t khuyn gi vng o chnh nh nhng ho th tt. Tin m ln ln, khng nng ny, vn tnh nh ni qui Cn, vn ho thun nh ngoi qui Tn th khng vp vp, khng b khn cng. i Tng truyn Khuyn ngi qun t nn theo tng qu ny m tu thn, tin ln ln cho c thnh ngi hin, ri thnh bc thnh, ci thin phong tc cho dn (Qun t d c hin c, thin tc). Ho t: 1. : , , , S lc: Hng tim vu can, tiu nhn l, hu ngn, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, m: Con chim hng tin n b nc, nh di (hoc tiu nhn) cho l nguy, than th, nhng khng c li. Ging: Hng l loi chim sng mt nc, di th, ma lnh th bay xung phng Nam, ma nng tr v phng Bc, bay tng n, c th t; su ho qu Tim
u tng trng bng chim hng. Ho 1 m nhu, di cng, nh chim hng mi tin c ti b nc, than th khng tin c mau, cho l nguy, v cn nh, cha hiu bit (tiu t), s thc th tuy cha tin c my, nhng vn khng ti li g. 2. : , , Lc nh: Hng tim vu bn, m thc khn khn, ct. Dch: Ho 2 m: Chim hng tin n phin ln, n ung thnh thi, tt. Ging: Ho ny c trung, c chnh, m nhu m ng vi ho 5 dng cng trn, nn tin c mt cch d dng, ti u phin ln, vui v, ung dung. Tiu tng truyn khuyn ho ny c ho 5 gip th phi lm g p li, ch ng n khng. 3. : , , , . Cu tam: Hng tim vu lc, phu chinh bt phc, ph dng bt dc, hung, li ng khu. Dch: Ho 3, dng: Chim hng tin ti t bng, chng i xa khng v, v c mang ( con m) khng nui, xu; ui cp th c li. Ging:Ho ny tin ln t bng, n dng cng cn mun tin na, m khng mun ng li; n st ho 4 m nhu, thn vi 4 nhng khng chnh ng vi nhau, m c hai u bt trung, v nh cp v chng khng chnh ng; chng (ho 3) b v m i khng ng li, v (ho 4), c mang con m khng nui, xu. Nu ho thun vi nhau m gi o chnh (tr ci bt chnh i nh tr cp) th c li. 4. : , , Lc t: Hng tim vu mc, hoc c k gic, v cu. Dch: Ho 4 m: Chim hng nhy ln cy, may tm c cnh thng m u, khng c li. Ging: Ho 4 m nhu m trn ho 3 dng cng, nh chim hng bay ln cy cao, khng phi ch u ca n (v n vn trn nc), nhng may c cnh thng, th cng yn n. Ho ny bn cht m, nhu thun m li ngoi qui Tn cng c ngha thun, nn c yn n. 5. : , , Cu ng: Hng tim vu lng, ph tam tu bt dng. Chung mc chi thng, ct. Dch: Ho 5, dng: chim hng ln g cao; v ba nm khng sinh , nhng cui cng khng g thng ni iu chnh, tt. Ging: Ho dng ny ngi cao, chnh ng vi ho 2, m di, nh v chng mun n nm vi nhau, nhng ho 5 b ho 4 ngn cn (ghen vi 2); ho 2 li b ho 3 ngn cn (ghen vi 5) thnh th ba nm v chng b cch tr, m v khng c mang c. Nhng 3 v 4 khng thng c 2 v 5 v 2 v 5 u c trung, m vic 5 vi 2 kt hp vi nhau l chnh ng, nn rt cuc chng phi chu thua. 6. : , ,
Thng cu: Hng tim vu qu (ch dng nh ch qu l ng my), k v kh dng vi nghi, ct. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: Chim hng bay bng ng my, lng n (rt xung) c th dng lm trang im, tt. Ging: Theo thng l, ho trn cng, trn ho 5 ch tn, khng c v g c, v dng. Trong qu ny, n cao hn ci g cao, tc trn khng trung, trn ng my (vn l). N l hng xut th, kh tit thanh cao, khc phm; ty khng trc tip gip i, nhng t cch lm gng cho i, x hi c h th mi vn minh, cng nh lng con hng khng dng vo vic n ung ct nh, cy rung, ch . . c, nhng lm trang im nh c, qut, m, th li qu.
TR LI BIU 54. QU LI TRCH QUI MUI Trn l Chn (sm), di l oi (chm)
tin ln th phi ti, v mt ni no (ni l mc ch); cho nn sau qu Tim ti qu Qui mui. Qui l v, mui l em gi; qui mui l em gi v nh chng. Thon t: : , Qui mui: chinh hung, v du li. Dch: Con gi nh v nh chng, tin ln th xu, khng c g li c. Ging: Ni qui l oi (con gi nh), ngoi qui l Chn (con trai ln); chn li c ngha l ng, oi c ngha l vui v, thun theo; con gi nh v vi trng nam, cho nn gi l qui mui. Trai gi phi hp nhau vn l ci ngha ln ca tri t v c v chng ri mi c gia nh, x hi. Vy m Thon t bo l xu, v l: - Cp trai gi ny khng xng nhau: trai ln qu (trng nam) gi nh qu (mui). - Tnh ca h khng chnh ng: gi ch v vui (ho duyt, c ca ni qui oi) m t ng (Chn) theo trai; cng c th ging l v gi cu trai m trai b ng theo gi; nh vy l bt chnh. S bt chnh cn thy trn bn ho gia na; khng mt ho no v chnh ng. - Li thm ho 3 v 5 u l m m ci ln dng: 4 v 2 c ci tng v n hip chng.
Ngay t bui u, s phi hp khng c chnh ng th bit trc c v sau khng c g li, ch t hi thi (Li i Tng truyn). Ho t: 1. : , , S cu: Qui mui d qui , b nng l, chinh ct. Dch: Ho 1, dng: Em gi v nh chng lm v b, chn tht m i c, tin i th tt. Ging: ngha chung ca qu l xu, nhng mi ho xu hay tt ty hon cnh. Nh ho ny dng cng v thp nht, khng c chnh ng trn, nn v vi ngi con gi nh c c, nhng khng c lm v c (khng c chnh ng; ho 4 cng l dng), ch lm v b thi, gip v c. V lm v b, nn bo l chn tht, v gii gip vic nn bo l i c. C tin i sing nng gip vic th tt. Thi xa cc vua cha ci mt ngi v chnh th c nm ba em gi hay chu gi c du i ph du ri lun bn nh trai, gi l nh v b. 2. : , Cu nh: Diu (miu) nng th, li u nhn chi trinh. Dch : Ho 2, dng: cht m thy c m thm gi c trinh chnh th tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng c trung, l ngi con gi hin, trinh; nhng chnh ng vi ho 5 m nhu, bt chnh, tc nh gp ngi chng d, khng dng ni c , nn v vi ngi cht mt. C m thm gi c trung ca mnh th tt. y l hon cnh mt ngi khng gp thi. 3. : , Lc tam: qui mui d tu, phn qui d . Dch: Ho 3, m: Em gi v nh chng, ch i mi, nng lng tr v lm v b. Ging: Ho ny trn cng ni qui, c a v, ng l khng phi lm v b. Nhng v l m nhu, bt trung bt chnh, m li a tnh (ham vui l tnh cch ca ni qui oi) tnh nt nh th nn chng, ch i mi khng ai chu ly, nh phi tr v lm v b vy. K ham cng danh, ph qu, cu cnh ngi, kt qu b ngi khinh, coi nh ti t, cng ging c gi trong ho ny. 4. : , , , Cu t: Qui mui, khin k, tr qui, hu thi. Dch: Ho 4, dng: em gi v nh chng, l thi; nhng d chm g t lu, ri cng s c lc gp c chng tt.. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, ngoi qui l ngi con gi hin li sang, nhng khng c ho chnh ng vi n (v 1 cng l dng), nn l thi, khng sao, c i gi cao, chm tr t lu ri s gp duyn lnh. 5. : , , , , Lc ng: t qui mui, k qun chi du, bt nh k chi du lng, nguyt c vng, ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: Vua t (nh Thng) cho em gi v nh chng, tay o ca cng cha (c du) khng p bng tay o ca c ph du (v b); nh trng
m mui bn (sp n rm) tt. Ging: Ho ny m nhu c trung, a v cao qu m li chnh ng vi ho 2 dng, a v thp, nh nng cng cha em vua t m h gi vi bnh dn. vy m khi rc du, y phc ca nng li khng p bng y phc my c ph du (v b). Nh vy l c hnh rt cao, khng hm mnh a v cao qu, li coi thng phc sc. c nh vy tht p, nh trng mi bn (trng mi bn trn, p m cha y hn; cha y hn c ngha l Khim h). 6. : , , , Thng lc: N tha khung ,v thc. S khu dng, v huyt, v du li. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: ( cng t tin) ngi con gi (v) xch gi m gi khng c cng, ngi con trai (chng) ct c con cu ly huyt m (ct gi v) khng c huyt, khng c g li c. Ging: Nm ho trn, cc c em gi u v nh chng c ri, ho ny l ho trn cng, mun nht, m li khng c chnh ng ( ho 3 ng vi n cng l m), khng thnh v chng chnh thc c, ch sng by b vi nhau, khng c g li c. Hi xa, khi cng t tin, bn phn ca v l dng cng, ca chng l dng huyt cu; ngi con gi trong ho ny xch gi dng cng m gi li trng khng, cn ngi con trai ct c cu ly huyt th li ct gi v, khng c huyt; nh vy th t tin no chng gim, trai gi khng thnh v chng chnh thc c. V hu danh m v thc. Ho p nht trong qu l ho 5. Vic kn du, kn v, trng ngi c c, khng hm mnh cao sang, giu c, coi thng phc sc, m khim tn.
TR LI BIU 55. QU LI HA PHONG Trn l Chn (sm), di l Ly (la)
Qui l v, l ti ni, ti mc ch, t kt qu (qui kt), m t c kt qu th thnh ln, cho nn sau qu Qui (mui) ti qu Phong (thnh ln). Thon t. : . , , Phong : hanh. Vng cch chi, vt u, nghi nht trung. Dch: thnh ln th hanh thng. Bc vng gi ti c ng lo, nn gi o trung nh mt tri ng gia tri.
Ging: Di l Ly (sng sut), trn l Chn (ng) sng sut m hnh ng th lm nn c s nghip thnh ln. Ch bc vng gi c quyn c v mi lm ti ni c. Khi thnh ln th ngi sng sut bit rng s phi suy nn thng lo; nhng ng nn lo sung, c gi c o trung nh mt tri (ni qui Ly c ngha l mt tri) ng gia tri th s tt. i Tng truyn p dng vo vic hnh ngc, khuyn ngi tr dn nn sng sut m soi xt tnh dn mnh m x on th mau xong vic. Ho t. 1. : , , , S cu: Ng k phi ch, tuy tun, v cu, vng hu thng. Dch: Ho 1, dng: Gp c ngi ch hp vi mnh, tuy ngang nhau nhng khng c li tin i th c cng nghip ng khen. Ging: Ho ny ni qui Ly, c c sng sut, c ti (v l dng), trn ng vi ho 4, thuc ngoi qui Chn, c c hot ng, m cng c ti (dng cng ) Bnh thng th ng vi nhau, phi mt m mt dng mi tt, ho ny th khc, cng l dng c m cng tt, v 1 sng sut, 4 hot ng, hai ho dng thnh, ch khng tng phn, gip nhau lm nn s nghip ln c. Hai ho ngang nhau, bit chm chc kin nhau l iu tt cho s hp tc; nu mt bn cu thng, mt bn ch nhng, th khng cn l hp tc na, kh m thnh cng ln c. 2. : , , , , Lc nh: phong k b, nht trung kin u; Vng, c nghi tt, hu phu pht nhc, ct. Dch: Ho 2, m: B mn che ln, dy qu, nh ban ngy (mt tr b che lp) m thy sao Bc u; tin i th b ng v ght, c ly lng ch thnh m cm ho c ngi trn th tt. Ging: Ho m ny gia qu Ly, c trung c chnh; nhng k ng vi n l ho m, m nhu bt chnh, khng gip c n, khng tin n; n nh mt hin thn gp mt m cha, nn v vi mt tri (qu Ly) b my m che dy. C mun theo 5 th b 5 nghi k v ght; ch c cch gi vng c trung trinh, ly lng ch thnh m i x vi 5, ri sau 5 s tnh ng. Ch nhc y tr ho 5. 3. : , , Cu tam: Phong k bi, nht trung kin mui. Chit k hu qung, v cu. Dch: Ho 3 dng: b mn che kn mt, ban ngy m thy sao nh (mui) gy cnh tay phi, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, trn cng qu Ly l ngi sng sut, c ti; nhng ho trn cng ng vi n li bt ti (m nhu), khng gip g c n; vy n cn b ho 4 che m, hon cnh cn t hn ho 2 na, cho nn bo l b tm mn che kn mt, ban ngy m ti nh m, thy c c nhng v sao nh. Nh vy ho 3 nh ngi b gy cnh tay phi (tr ho 5 khng gip g c n), n khng c li v hon cnh khin vy. 4.
: , , , Cu t: Phong ki b, nht trung kin u, ng k di ch, ct. Dch: Ho 4, dng: B mn che ln dy qu, nh ban ngy m thy sao Bc u gp c bn bng vai v, tt. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, a v cao, c th lp c s nghip, nhng bt trung, bt chnh li b ho 5 m nhu, hn m che lp hon cnh cng nh ho 2, cng ban ngy m thy sao Bc u, nhng nay c ho 1 di ng c (cng dng cng ) bng vai v ng vi n, cng coi l tt c. 5. : , , , Lc ng: Lai chng, hu khnh, d, ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: Mi nhng nhn ti gip mnh th c phc, c ting khen, tt. Ging: Ho ny a v ch tn, m nhu, khng c ti to c s nghip thnh ln, nhng kh l c c trung ( gia ngoi qui), v c ho 3, 4 dng cng , hin ti di mnh, nu bit mi h gip mnh th c phc v c ting khen, tt. 6. : , , ,, Thng lc: Phong k c, b k gia, khuy k h, Huch k v nhn, tam tu bt ch, hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Ct nc nh rt cao ln m phng mnh li nh hp, b bng bt (t mnh khng mun ai lui ti vi mnh), cho nn nhn vo ca, lng tanh khng thy bng ngi, ba nm khng thy ai (hoc khng gic ng) xu. Ging: Ho ny kh hiu, mi sch ging mt khc, chng ti theo cch hiu ca Phan Bi Chu v hp vi Tiu Tng truyn hn c. Ho ny m nhu, nh ngi hn m, m trn cng, c a v rt cao, y nh ngi ct nh, nc rt cao (a v cao), m bung mnh li thp hp (bn tnh m nhu), th l t mnh che lp mnh, nn khng ai lui ti vi mnh, do m ng ca nhn vo, khng thy bng ngi, ba nm khng thy ai (hoc ba nm vn khng gic ng: ch l thy r). Khng g xu hn. Tn qu l thnh ln, rt tt m khng c ho no tht tt, ho no cng c li rn e. C nhn mun cnh co chng ta thi thnh ln, c phc th cng c sn mm ho, phi cn thn lm mi c. Cc qu khc, thng ho dng ng vi m, m ng vi dng mi tt; qu ny tri li, dng ng vi dng (nh 1 v 4) mi tt. cng l mt li khuyn na: thi thnh, ngi ta thng v quyn li chia r nhau m ho suy, phi bit ng c, ng tm vi nhau, th mi trnh c ho.
TR LI BIU 56. QU HA SN L Trn l Ly (la), di l Cn (ni)
Thnh ln n cng cc th phi suy, n ni mt ch , phi i u t khch, cho nn sau qu Phong ti qu L. L l b nh m i tha phng. Thon t: : . , L: tiu hanh, L trinh, ct. Dch: u; hi hanh thng. i u m gi o chnh th tt. Ging: ch ca la l mt tri hay l, ch khng phi trn ni: trn ni lu lu vn c m la chy rng hay t rng, nhng ch mt thi gian ngn thi. Cho nn dng cc tng la (ly) trn ni Cn ch cnh b nh m i u qu ngi. Cnh l cnh bt c d, nhiu lm ch c th hi hanh thng c thi, nu ngi i u bit gi c trung, thun, nh ho 5, yn lng nh ni qui Cn, sng sut nh ngoi qui Ly. Ho 5 c trung m li l m gia hai ho dng, bit thun theo dng. Ci o u l mm mng, ng lm cao ngi ta khi ght; nhng mt khc, cng phi yn lng sng sut gi t cch, o chnh ca mnh ngi ta khi khinh. Gi cho o c ngha l trong hon cnh tht l kh (l ch thi ngha, i h tai: li Thon truyn). i tng truyn cng li p dng vo vic hnh php, khuyn phi x on sng sut (Ly) v thn trng (nh Cn) ng giam ti nhn qu lu trong ngc (qun t d minh thn dng hnh, nh bt lu ngc) Ho t. 1. : , S lc: L to to, t k s th tai. Dch: Ho 1, m: u m t cch nh nhen, tn mn tc l t chuc ly ho. Ging: ho ny m nhu, v thp nht, v vi ngi ch cng, t cch hn h i vi ch nh mnh u m tham lam, tn mn, khin ngi ta ght, nh vy l t rc ho vo mnh. 2. : , , , Lc nh: L tc th, hoi k t, c ng bc, trinh. Dch: Ho 2, m: t khch, c ch trn an lnh, gi c tin bc, li c y t tn cn. Ging: t khch nn nhu thun, m ho ny m nhu, c trung, c chnh, trn li ng vi ho 5, cng m nhu, c trung m li vn minh ( ngoi qui Ly), nh gp c ch nh tt, mnh c ch trn an lnh, li gi c tin, c y t tn cn, mi vic u tt c. 3. : , , , ,
Cu tam: L, phn k th, tng k ng bc, trinh, l. Dch: Ho 3, dng: t khch, m (t mnh) t ch tr, mt y t, d chnh ng cng nguy. Ging: Ho ny qu cng (dng v dng), bt trung, t khch nh vy khng tt, v li kh cao, c t cao, b ch nh tr ui, nh vy khng khc g t t ch tr ca mnh, y t cng khng a mnh, mt lng c ngi trn k di, d mnh c chnh ng, cng nguy. 4. : , , Cu t: L vu x, c k t ph, ng tm bt khoi. Dch: Ho 4, dng: ti t khch, c ch tm, c tin ca v h thn (tng trng bng ci ba), nhng trong lng khng vui. Ging: tuy dng cng nhng v m, li di cng ngoi qui, l bit mm mng, t h, tc bit x th, cho nn c ch tm, c tin ca, vt liu phng thn, nhng trn, ho 5 m nhu khng gip g c 4, di, ho 1, ng vi 4 m nhu, li thp hn, cng chng gip 4 c g, v vy l lng 4 khng vui. Cc sch cho t ph l ci ba sc bn, v ging l : l khch ti ni, khng c qun tr, ch c mnh t gai gc, phi dng ba bn ph bi b m lm ch , nn trong lng khng vui. 5. : , , Lc ng: X tr, nht th vong, chung d d mnh. Dch : Ho 5, m : Bn con tr, mt mt mi tn, sau c khen v phc lc (hoc chc v: mnh) . Ging: Thng ho 5 tr ngi vua, nhng nu vua l lm l khch th l vua mt nc, cho nn ch nn coi l mt l khch thi, mt l khch vn mnh ( ngoi qui ly), nhn nhn, mm mng (m nhu) c lng mi ngi (c trung) , nh vy tt c tt p nh bn c con tr (mt loi chim p tng qu Ly) tn hao khng my m c ting khen, v phc lc. 6. : , , , , Thng cu: iu phn k so, l nhn tin tiu, hu ho o, tng ngu vu d, hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: con chim chy mt t, ngi l hnh trc ci, sau ku khc, v lu tu (v ) nh mt con b (c nhu thun), xu. Ging: thn phn u m li trn ch nh, l nghch cnh ri, vy li qu cng (ho dng), mt lng ngi, tt b ui i, nh con chim chy mt t. Mi u hn h, v c trn ngi, sau phi ku khc v mt ch tr. S d vy v khinh d nh mt c nhu thun (tng bng con b) rt cn thi u. * Cui qu L ny, c Phan Bi Chu c ghi cm tng: x cnh khn nn khng g bng L, thip th rt kh khn cng khng g bng L. Tp qui (truyn) ni rng: L l t ngi thn yu, l ng cng khn ca
ngi vy: L qu thn d, nhn chi cng d. Tuyn su ho khng mt ch ct, ch hanh no c . . D sinh gp hi en ri, gi thn t khch qu ngi . . may khi tai ho l hnh phc ln ri. Vy nn trung chnh nh Lc Nh (ho 2, m), vn minh nhu trung nh Lc ng (ho 5, m) m ho t khng c ch ct hanh. Hung g qu cng , bt trung nh Cu tam (ho 3, dng). Thng cu (ho trn cng, dng) na ru? Vy nn ngi vo thi L, nn mang cht ly hai ch nhu, trung lm ba h thn c li ca C, chng ti v cng cm thn. Trong my chc nm, v quc gia, dn tc, C gi thn qu ngi, gp bit bao cnh ti nhc, ni gian nguy, rt cuc cng khng trnh khi tai ho, nhng lc no cng gi c t cch, kh phch ch hng. Ai hiu c tnh cnh l th, hiu c qu L hn C? TR LI BIU 57.QU THUN TN Trn di u l Tn (gi, thun)
Lm vo cnh qu ngi th thi nn thun tng ngi, cho nn sau qu L ti qu Tn. Tn l gi m c ngha l thun, l nhp vo. Thon t. : , , Tn: tiu hanh, li hu du vng , li kin i nhn. Dch: Thun th hi c hanh thng, tin hnh th c li, la bc i nhn m tin theo th c li. Ging: Qu ny c mt ho m di hai ho dng, l m phc tng dng, nn gi l Tn. tiu nhn m phc tng qun t th c th tt, nhng phi c vic tn hnh, ch khng phi ch yn m tt, li phi la bc i nhn (c ti, c) m tin theo. i nhn tr ho 2 v ho 5, cng m dth, tiu nhn l ho 1 v ho 4. Nht l ho 5, c trung li c chnh na, 1 v 4 u phi theo ho . i tng truyn ging: trn l gi, di l gi (Tn), l c hai lung gi tip tc theo nhau. Ngi qun t tip tc xut pht mnh lnh thi hnh chnh s, m thin h phc tng, cng nh vn vt ng theo gi. Ho t: 1. : , S lc: tin thoi, li v nhn chi trinh. Dch: Ho 1, m: Tin lui t do, thm vo ci ch hng bn ca hng v dng th c li.
Ging: Ho ny m nhu di cng qu Tn l ngi nhu thun thi qu, cn nghi ng, khng cng quyt tin hay lui, khng th lm g c; Ho t khuyn phi theo ci ch kin cng ca hng ngi v dng th mi tr c tt nghi hoc. 2. : , , , Cu nh: Tn ti sng h, dng s vu phn nhc, ct, v cu. Dch: Ho 2, dng: Thun np di ging, dng vo vic l bi, ng ct ri ren th tt, khng c li. Ging: Ho dng m vo v m thi Tn (thun), nn qu thun n ni np di ging. May m c trung, khng phi l k sim nnh, m li c lng thnh; trong vic t thn, m nh vy th tt, khng c li. s l chc quan coi vic t, Vu l chc quan coi v vic tr tai ho, nh ng ct. Phn nhc (ri ren) dng t vic cng t, cu thn. 3. : Cu tam: Tn tn, ln. Dch: Thun tng qu nhiu ln (qu mc), ng xu h. Ging: Ho ny qu cng (dng v dng), bt c trung, vn nng ny, kiu cng, tht bi nhiu ln, sau mi lm b t h, thun tng, nhng li thun tng qu mc, vic g cng thun tng d khng phi lc, ng xu h, R. WilheLm ging: suy ngh i suy ngh li nhiu ln k qu, m khng quyt nh hnh ng, xu h. 4. : , Lc t: Hi vong, in hoch tam phm. Dch: Ho 4, m: Hi hn mt i; i sn v, c chia cho ba phn. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, ho 1 ng vi n cng m nhu, khng gip g c n, m li b kt gia 4 ho dng trn v di, xu; nhng nh n c chnh, a v cao ( ngoi qui, st ho 5) m li c c t khim, thun tng, nn c trn di mn, chng nhng khng c g hi hn m cn c thng cng. Thi xa i sn v, chia lm 3 phn (phm vt): mt phn lm t, mt phn i khch, mt phn giao cho nh bp. C cng ln mi c chia nh vy. 5. : , , , . , Cu ng: Trinh ct, hi vong, v bt li, v s hu chung. Tin canh tam nht, hu canh tam nht, ct Dch: Ho 5, dng : gi o chnh th tt, hi hn mt i, khng c g l khng li, mi u khng kh m cui cng tt; (inh ninh nh ) trc ngy canh ba ngy, (n o nh) sau ngy canh ba ngy, tt. Ging: Ho ny thi Tn, phi thun tng, m bn th v v u l dng c, mi u khng tt (v s), e c iu hi hn, may m c trung, c chnh, hp vi t cch mt v ch, c gi c trung, chnh y th sau s tt (hu chung), hi hn mt ht m khng c g khng li. Tuy nhin, mun kt qu c tt th trc khi hnh ng, canh ci, phi inh ninh cn nhc cho k, ri sau khi canh
ci phi kho nghim chu o. Trong thp can: Gip, t, Bnh, inh, Canh Tn, Nhm, qu, Canh ng hng th 7, qu gia, ti lc phi thay i. (ch Canh trong ho t cng dng nh ch Canh l i) Ba ngy trc ngy Canh l ngy inh, ch inh ny mn ngha ch inh (inh ninh); ba ngy sau ngy Canh l ngy Qu, ch qu ny mn ngha ch qu (qu c l o lng) Cch dng ch y cng nh cch dng ch trong Thon t qu C. 6. : , , Thng cu: Tn ti sng h, tng k t ph, trinh hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: Thun np di ging, mt h thn, c gi thi xu th cng b ho. Ging: trn cng qu Tn l thun tng n cng cc nh k np di ging; ti ni c dng cng v vi h thn (t ph) ca mnh cng mt lun. C gi thi xu xa, tin, sim nnh th cng b ho.
TR LI BIU 58. QU THUN OI Trn di u l oi (chm, ha duyt)
Tn c ngha l nhp vo, h nhp c vo lng nhau, hiu lng nhau, th mi a nhau m ho duyt, vui v vi nhau, cho nn sau qu Tn ti qu oi. oi l chm m cng c ngha l ho duyt. Thon t. ; oi; Hanh. Li trinh. Dch: Vui th hanh thng. Hp o chnh th li. Ging: oi l chm, cng l thiu n. Nc chm lm cho cy c vui ti, sinh vt vui thch; thiu n lm cho con trai vui thch. Vui thch th hanh thng, min l phi hp vi o chnh; phi ngay thng, thnh thc, oan chnh. oi c hai ho dng pha trong, mt ho m ngoi, ngha l trong lng phi thnh thc ri ngoi mt nhu ho, nh vy l hp vi o chnh, tt. Thon truyn Ging rng ra: vui v m hp vi o chnh th l thun vi tri, hp vi ngi. Vui v m i trc dn th dn qun kh nhc; vui v m xng vo chn nguy him th dn qun ci cht m cng xng vo; o vui v (lm gng cho dn) tht ln thay; khuyn khch dn khng g bng.
i Tng truyn thin v s tu thn, khuyn ngi qun t nn hp bn cng nhau ging ngha l, o c, ri cng nhau thc hnh (d bng hu ging tp), gip ch cho nhau m hai bn cng vui v. Ho t. 1. : S cu: Ho oi, ct. Dch: Ho 1, dng: Ho thun, vui v, tt. Ging: dng di cng qu oi l qun t m khim h, trn li khng t tnh vi ai (v 4 cng l dng, khng phi l m, tiu nhn), nn ch dng o chnh m ho thun vui v vi mi ngi, tt. 2. Cu nh: Phu oi, ct, hi vong. Dch: Ho 2, dng: Trung trc m vui v, tt, hi hn mt i. Ging: gn ho 3, m nhu, tiu nhn, nhng ho 2 ny dng cng m li c trung, cho nn c c thnh thc cng trung, khng nhim xu ca ho 3, khng b hi hn. 3. : Lc tam: Lai oi, hung. Dch: Ho 3, m: Quay li cu vui vi ngi di, xu. Ging: m nhu, bt trung bt chnh, l hng tiu nhn tm vui m khng gi o; l phn gi gia bn ngi con trai (4 ho dng, 2 trn, 2 di), cu vui vi 2 ngi trn, th khng dm v phn thp, phi quay li cu vi 2 ngi di, nhng h cng khng thm, v ho 1 cng trc m chnh, ho 2 cng trc m trung, kt qu l xu. 4. : , , , Cu t; Thng oi, v ninh, gii tt, hu h. Dch: Ho 4, dng: cn nhc xem nn cu vui pha no m cha quyt nh c ri sau theo chnh b t, ng mng. Ging: Dng cng m v m, cha tht l qun t, trn tha tip ho 5 va trung va chnh, nhng di li gn ho 3, tiu nhn, cho nn mi u do d, cn nhc xem nn hng v pha no; nhng nh c c dng cng, ng c vi 5, nn sau hng v 5, quyt tm b t theo chnh, tht ng mng. 5. : , Cu ng : Phu vu bc, hu l. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Nu tin k tiu nhn m tiu mn (bc) ht c trung chnh ca mnh th nguy. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, trung chnh, a v ch tn, vo thi oi m thn cn vi ho trn cng m nhu l k tiu nhn lm ch s vui, ri ham vui by b th nguy; y l li rn k tr nc. 6. :
Thng lc: Dn oi. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: em s vui th ti. Ging: trn cng qu oi m m nhu l k chuyn sim nnh, d d ngi ta tm vui mt cch bt chnh. Tt nhin l xu ri, chng cn ni. * Chng ta ; 6 ho th 2 ho m l tiu nhn d d 4 ho dng qun t, v 4 ho ny gi c chnh o c, v Kinh dch tin nh Khng t rng mun lm vui lng ngi qun t m khng dng chnh o th khng thnh cng (duyt chi bt d o, bt duyt d. Lun ng XIII 25). TR LI BIU 59. QU PHONG THY HON Trn l Tn (gi), di l Khm (nc)
Ho vui n cc im ri th s ly tn, v vy sau qu oi n qu Hon. Hon l la, tan tc. Thon t. ; Hon; hanh. Vng cch hu miu, Li thip i xuyn, li trinh. Dch: La tan: hanh thng. Vua ti nh Thi miu, vt qua sng ln th li, gi o chnh th li. Ging: Trn l gi, di l nc (Khm cng c th hiu l my nh qu Thy li Trun, cng gi l Vn Li trun); gi thi trn nc (hay my) lm nc tung te ra (hay my tan r ra), cho nn t tn qu l Hon. Thng th nhm hp mi hanh thng (nh qu ty), nhng ly tn cng c khi hanh thng, chng hn sng m t li nhiu qu, nng ln, n tan i th tt, hoc thi nhiu lon, dn chng t hp li chng i, phi gii tn i v.v.. H hp thi th tt, tri li th xu. Mun cho cng vic gii tn hanh thng th nh cm quyn phi c lng ch thnh, nh mt ng vua ti nh Thi miu; li phi bit mo him nh c gan vt qua sng ln; sau cng phi gi o chnh, ng lm nhng vic bt chnh. Thon truyn ging ngha hanh thng ca qu ny nh sau: ni qui vn l qu Khn, mt ho dng ca qu Cn vo thay ho 2 qu Khn m thnh qu Khm; ngoi qui vn l qu Cn, ho 1 qu Khn vo thay ho 1 qu Cn, thnh qu Tn. Vy l trong trng qui Hon c mt ho dng cng trong, mt ho m
nhu ngoi, m ho ny c v, thun theo 2 ho dng trn n tin ln, nh vy l tt. Vt qua sng ln m c li v qu c ci tng g (Tn cng l cy, g) trn nc, tc thuyn trn nc, nh thuyn m qua sng c. Ngha bng l nh ngi c ti m lm nn vic ln. i Tng truyn bn rng ra, khuyn sau khi gii tn ri li nn ngh ti vic nhm hp li, m mun nhm hp, thng nht nhn tm th nn t l t Thng , t T tin. Ho t. 1. : , , S lc: Dng chng, m trng, ct. Dch: Ho 1, m: Dng con nga mnh cu vt, tt. Ging: u thi ly tn, cn c th gom li c; ho ny m nhu, km ti, khng sc, nhng trn c ho 2 dng cng c trung, thc vo c, nh i ng xa c con nga khe, cho nn tt. 2. : ,, Cu nh: Hon, bn k k, hi vong. Dch: Ho 2, dng: Lc ly tn, nn a vo ho 1 lm gh ngi th hi hn mt i. Ging : Thi ny l thi ly tn ri, d c vic n nn; ho ny dng cng gip c cho ho 1, by gi nn da vo 1 lm gh ngi, n nhau th khi phi hi hn. 3. : , Lc tam: Hon k cung, v hi. Dch: Ho 3, m: nh tan lng ring ty ca mnh i th khng hi hn. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, bt trung ,bt chnh, l ngi c lng v k, nhng v dng li c ho trn cng chnh ng vi n, m c lng lo vic i (v l dng cng); nu 3 b tnh v k i, lo gnh vic i vi ho trn cng, th s khng hi hn. 4. : , , Lc t: hon k qun, nguyn ct. Hon k khu, ph di s t. Dch: Ho 4 m: Gii tn b phi ca mnh i, rt tt. V nh vy l gii tn ci nh tp hp ci ln li thnh g ng; iu ngi thng khng th ngh ti c. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, thun, gip ho 5 va cng va c trung, nh v i thn gip mt minh qun, m bit gii tn b phi ca mnh i (s di ni vy v ho 1 di khng ng vin vi 4, cng nh 4 khng cn b phi), on kt, tp hp c quc dn m cng lo cu nc; nh vy l gii tn ci nh gom ci ln li thnh g ng, rt tt. Ngi thng khng hiu c l m ch sao li gii tn ng ca mnh. Mun vy phi l ngi c chnh (m v m) , v c trung, cng cng nh ho 5. 5.
: , , Cu ng: Hon hn k i hiu, hon vng c,v cu. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Ban b hiu lnh ln khp nc nh m hi pht ra khp thn th, pht ht kho lm ca vua chu cp cho dn, khng c li. Ging: nm ch Hon hn k i hiu ti ngha. Chu Hi ging l hy b cc hiu lnh trc i, nhng hiu lnh nh m hi, chy ra m khng tr li. Chng ti theo Phan Bi Chu m dch nh trn l ban b hiu lnh i khp ni. J Legge v R. WilheLm cng hiu nh vy, nhng ging l nhng hiu lnh cu nguy c cho dn nh ngi b bnh m pht tn, lm cho m hi tot ra vy. Ba ch sau: Hon vng c ngha d hiu: vua nn tn ti t dn, cng nh ho 4, gii tn b phi t dn, u l chnh sch tt thi ly tn c. 6. : , , Thng cu: hon k huyt kh, ch xut, v cu. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: Tan (tr) c mu )vt thng c), thot khi kinh s (ch [ ] y nn i lm ch dch [] l kinh s), khng c li. Ging: ho ny cui thi ly tn, sp ht xu; n c ti (dng cng), li c ho 3 ng vin, cho nn n thnh cng, tr c vt thng ly tn v thot khi cnh lo s. Phan Bi Chu so snh qu ny vi qu Ty, i nh sau: Ty v Hon l hai thi tri ngc nhau, mt thi nhm hp mt thi la tan, nhng thi no cng hanh thng c c, min l bit hnh ng hp lc v c lng ch thnh: Thon t hai qu u c 4 ch: Vua ti Thi miu, ngha l phi ch thnh nh nh vua khi vo t Thi miu. Nhng hai qu khc nhau ch. Ty c 4 ch: li kin i nhn, Hon c 4 ch: Li thip i xuyn v thi Ty, thun cnh, ch cn c ngi ti c l lm nn vic cn thi Hon, nghch cnh, phi c ti c m li phi mo him na. l thm ca c nhn. Su ho qu Hon ngha rt phn minh: ho 1, cn mong cu cha c; ho 2 ly tn nhiu ri, cha cu c; ho 3 c th bt tay lm vic, mun vy phi b lng v k i; ho 4, phi gii tn b phi on kt ton dn; ho 5 phi ra hiu lnh mi, ban pht ca ring, ho 6 th thnh cng. Quan trng nht l li khuyn ho 4 v 5. TR LI BIU 60. QU THY TRCH TIT Trn l Khm (nc), di l oi (chm)
Khng th cho ly tn hoi c, tt phi chn bt li, tit ch li, cho nn sau qu Hon ti qu Tit. Thon t: : Tit : Hanh. Kh tit bt kh trinh. Dch: Tit ch th hanh thng. Nhng tit tit ch n mc cc kh th khng ai chu c lu. Ging: Theo tng qu, trn chm c nc; b chm hn ch s nc cha trong chm, cho nn t tn l qu Tit. Ci g cng va phi th mi tt, thi qu cng nh bt cp u xu c. Qu ny c ba ho cng, ba ho nhu, khng bn no qu; li thm ho 2 v ho 5 u l dng cng m c trung, nh vy l x s c trng tit, cho nn vic g cng hanh thng. Nhng tit ch qa, bt ngi ta kh cc th khng ai chu c lu, nh vy khng cn hanh thng na. Thon truyn khuyn nh cm quyn nn theo lut tit ch ca tri t: bn ma thay i, nng ma, nng lnh u c chng mc, m tr dn: hn ch lng ham mun, tnh xa x ca con ngi, bt dn lm vic va sc thi, nh vy khng tn ca ci, khng hi dn (tit d ch , bt thng ti, bt hi dn). Li ging li khuyn trong Lun ng: Tit dng nhi i dn (d dt trong vic tiu dng m yn dn). i tng truyn khuyn ngi qun t (qun t y tr hng ngi tr dn) t ra s, , ngha l hn nh mt chng mc no trong s lm vic v hng th ca dn, ty o c, ti ngh ca mi ngi. (Qun t, d ch s , ngh c hnh). Nh vy l i tng truyn cho ch tit mt tc dng rt ln: tit ch c ngha gn nh k hoch ho ngy nay v c mc ch thi hnh s cng bng trong x hi, nh li i tng truyn qu Khim (xng vt bnh th: cho s vt c cn xng, qun bnh). Ho t: 1. : , s cu: Bt xut hi nh, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng: khng ra khi sn ng, khng c li. Ging: Ho ny dng ch tit vi ngha t mnh tit ch mnh, tc d dt. vi ti Tit ch, lm vic g cng phi ng mc (trung tit) mi tt. Ho, 1 dng cng , c chnh, u thi Tit ch, bit thn trng, khng ra khi sn ng, v bit l thi cha thng, hy cn tc, nh vy l ng vi o tit ch, khng c li. Hai ch h nh chng ti dch theo ngha ngoi chi nh ca Chu Hi. J legge dch l khng ra khi ci sn ngoi ci ca (door): R. Wilhelm dch l khng ra khi ci sn v ci ca (door). 2. : , Cu nh: Bt xut mn nh, hung. Dch: Ho 2, dng: khng ra khi ci sn trong ca, xu. Ging: Ho ny ng l ra gip vic c, v thi khc thi ca ho 1 thng ri khng tc na m li c ho 5 trn cng dng nh mnh gip sc cho; vy m ng ca khng ra cng nh 1, hnh vi xu (hung). Ch mn J.Legge v R Wilhelm u dch l gate, ca ng, tc ca ngoi cng.
T Hi ch ging: ca c mt cnh gi l h, hai cnh gi l mn, ti khng bit ci no l ca ng, ci no l ca nh. Phan Bi Chu khng phn bit th no l mn, l h, dch l ca ht. im khng quan trng; ch cn hiu i khi l khng ra khi nh, khng i u. 3. : , , Lc tam: Bt tit nhc, tt ta nhc, v cu. Dch: Ho 3, m: khng d dt (t tit ch mnh) m phi than vn, khng li cho ai c. Ging: m nhu, bt trung bt chnh, li ci ln hai ho dng, m mun tin ti ci nguy him (qu Khm trn), nh vy l khng bit d dt, t ch, rc v vo thn, cn li cho ai c na. 4. , Lc t: An tit, hanh. Dch: Ho 4, m: Vui v t tit ch (khng min cng) hanh thng. Ging: Nhu thun, c chnh, vng theo ho 5, thc tm d dt, t tit ch ng thi, cho nn hanh thng. 5. : , Cu ng: Cam tit, ct. Vng hu thng. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Tit ch m vui v (cho l ngon ngt) th tt. C th m tin hnh th c ngi ta trng, khen. Ging: Ho ny v ch tn, lm ch qu Tit, c cc c dng cng trung chnh t tit ch mt cch vui v, thin h noi gng m vui v tit ch, cho nn tt; v c th m tin hnh th c cng ln, ng khen. 6. : , , Thng lc: Kh tit, trinh hung. Hi vong. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: Tit ch m ti mc cc kh, nu c gi mi (trinh) thi th xu. Nu bit hi hn, bt thi qu i th ht xu. Ging: Ho ny tri vi ho trn, v trn cng qu Tit, c ngha l tit ch thi qu, ti cc kh, khng ai chu c hoi nh vy. Hai ch hi vong y khng c ngha thng dng l hi hn tiu tan i, m c ngha l nu hi hn th ci xu (hung) s tiu tan i. Sau mt cuc ly tn, phong tc suy i, kinh t cng qun, cho nn phi tit dc, tit ch nhu cu. Nhng tit ch mt cch va phi thi (khng nn thi qu) m hp thi th mi tt. Chng ta nhn thy 6 ho chia lm 3 cp: 1 v 2 lin nhau m 1 tt, 2 xu; 3 vi 4 lin nhau m 3 xu, 4 tt; 5 v 6 lin nhau m 5 tt 6 xu; ch do l hoc hp thi hay khng, c trung, c chnh hay khng.
TR LI BIU
61. QU PHONG TRCH TRUNG PHU Trn l Tn (gi), di l oi (chm)
nh tit ch th ngi trn phi gi c tn ngi di tin theo, cho nn sau qu Tit ti qu Trung phu. Trung phu l c c tin (phu) trong (trung) lng. Thon t: : , , Trung phu: n ng ct, li thip i xuyn, li trinh. Dch: trong lng c c tin ti cm c heo v c, tt nh vy th li qua sng ln c, gi o chnh th li. Ging: qu ny gia c hai ho m (hai nt t), nh trong lng trng rng (h tm) khng c t dc, t ; cn 4 ho dng l nt lin, c, thc (tri vi h), m ho 2 v ho 5 li c trung ( gia ni v ngoi qui), vy l c c trung thc. Do m t tn qu l Trung phu. Theo ngha th trn l Tn, thun vi ngi di; di l oi, phc tng ngi trn; nh vy l cm ho c dn. Lng ch thnh cm c nhng vt ngu, khng bit g nh heo v c. Ly lng ch thnh, h tm m ng ph vi nguy him th vt c ht, nh qua sng ln m ngi chic thuyn trng khng (h chu), khng ch g c, tht l an ton. Phi gi chnh o mi tt. i Tng truyn ging: gi trn, chm di, l gi (lm ) ng c nc nh lng thnh thc cm ng c ngi. Nn tuy lng trung thnh m x vic thin h; nh x ti th st i xt li, tm cch cu ti nhn, tha cho ti cht. Ho t: 1. : , , S cu: Ngu ct, hu tha, bt yn. Dch: Ho 1, dng: liu tnh cho chc chn ri mi tin th tt; c lng ngh khc th khng yn. Ging: Ho ny mi vo thi Trung phu, tuy ng vi ho 4, m nhu, c chnh l ngi ng tin, nhng bc u, phi xt cho k lng xem 4 c ng tin khng, khi tin ri th ng i ch hng, lng phi nh ri mi tnh m yn c. 2. : Cu nh: Minh hc ti m, k t ho chi; Ng hu ho tc, ng d nh m chi. Dch: Ho 2, dng: Nh con hc m gy bng rm, con con n ho li; li nh
ti c chn ru ngon, ti cng anh chia nhau. Ging: Ho ny ng vi ho 5 trn, c hai u c c dng cng , li c trung u c lng thnh thc, u l nhng ho quan trng trong qu Trung phu; hai bn cm ng, tng c vi nhau nh hc m gy m hc con ho li, hoc nh mt ngi c chn ru ngon m chia vi bn. Theo H t thng truyn, Chng VIII, s 5, Khng t gii thch ngha ho ny nh sau: Ngi qun t trong nh m ni ra, nu li ni hay th ngi ngoi nghn dm cng hng ng, hung chi l ngi gn; . . hnh vi t gn pht ra th nh hng hin ngay xa . . nh vy chng nn thn trng lm ? Khng t hiu rng ting gy ca con hc l li ni hay; v chn ru ngon l hnh vi p, m khuyn chng ta phi thn trng v ngn, hnh. 3. : , , , , Lc tam: c dch, hoc c, hoc bi, hoc khp, hoc ca. Dch: Ho 3, m: gp c bn (ch) lc th nh trng vui ma, lc th chn nn m ngng, lc th khc, lc th ht. Ging: Ho ny m nhu bt chnh, bt trung, ng vi ho trn cng, dng cng m bt trung, bt chnh, nh hai ngi n vi nhau m khng thnh thc, tnh tnh thay i lun lun, vui ri khc Hoc c hoc bi, (c ngi hiu l: lc th c v, lc th b i). 4. : , , Lc t: Nguyt c vng, m tht vong, v cu. Dch: Ho 4, m: Trng mi bn (gn ti rm), con ngi b bn m tin ln, khng li. Ging : Ho ny c chnh, thn cn vi ho 5, c vua tn nhim s thnh vng gn ti tuyt nh ri, nh trng mi bn gn n ngy rm. N ng vi ho 1, hai bn cp k nhau nh cp nga, nhng n bit phc tng o l, nn sau b 1, chuyn nht vi 5, nh vy khng c ti li g. 5. : , Cu ng: Hu phu luyn nh, v cu. Dch: Ho 5, dng: c lng ch thnh rng buc, khng li. Ging: Nh trn ni, ho ny ngi ch tn, c c trung chnh, thnh tn buc c lng thin h. 6. : , Thng cu: Hn m ng vu thin, trinh hung. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: ting g ln tn tri, d c chnh ng cng xu. Ging: Ho ny dng cng, khng c trung li vo thi thnh tn cng cc, c tin suy, vy l c danh m khng c thc. Li thm khng bit bin thng, mun c gi c tn (v c tnh dng cng, cho nn v vi con g khng l loi bay cao c m mun ln ti tri. Vy lng thnh tn vn l tt, nhng phi ng thi qu m bit bin thng, Phan Bi Chu nhc truyn ng ngn anh chng h V (c sch ni l h Vi) thi Xun
Thu hn vi mt ngi con gi di cu; ngi khng ti, nc ln cao, anh ta c m ct cu chu cht. Tn nh vy l ngu, khng bit bin thng.
TR LI BIU 62. QU LI SN TIU QU Trn l Chn (sm), di l Cn (ni)
Tin (Trung phu) m lm ngay, khng xt u tin phi hay khng , th c th mc lm li, cho nn sau qu Trung phu ti qu Tiu qu. Qu c hai ngha: li; ra ngoi ci mc va phi thon t di y dng ngha sau. Thon t: : , . , , , , Tiu qu: Hanh, li trinh. Kh tiu s, bt kh i s. Phi iu di chi m, bt nghi thng, nghi h, i ct. Dch: Ci nh nhiu: Hanh thng hp o chnh th li. C th lm vic nh, khng th lm vic ln. Con chim bay m ting ku li, khng nn ln cao m nn xung thp. Ngi qun t bit c nh vy th tt. Ging: Qu ny tri vi qu i qu s 28. i qu c 4 ho dng gia, 2 ho m di cng v trn cng, nh vy dng nhiu hn m, m dng c ngha l ln, m l nh, cho nn i qu c ngha l ci ln (dng) nhiu hn. Tiu qu c 2 ho dng gia, 4 ho m trn v di, nh vy l m tc ci nh nhiu hn dng tc ci ln; cho nn t tn l Tiu qu. Tiu qu l ci nh nhiu hn; nhng cng c ngha l qu cht t. Bnh thng th va phi l hay. Nhng cng c khi qu mt cht li hay, chng hn trong nh, chng tiu pha nhiu qu, v cht bp mt cht c trung bnh; hoc khi thin v bn t qu, mun ly li mc trung th li nn thin v bn hu mt cht. Nhng vic g cng phi hp l, hp thi, hp o chnh th mi c. l ngha cu u. Cu th hai Ch nn qu trong vic nh, khng nn qu trong vic ln; v vic nh, l c qu mt cht, hu qu khng tai hi, cn vic ln m l qu mt cht, mt li c th i mt dm hu qu rt nng n, nh vic nc, li lm mt cht c th gy chin tranh hoc s suy sp v kinh t. . . . Thon truyn ging: Cc ho dng (ln) u khng c trung, l qun t nht thi, khng lm vic ln c. Cu th ba ti ngha, khng hiu sao li dng tng con chim bay y. Mi nh gii thch mt khc: Chu Hi bo trong thc, ngoi h nh con chim bay, c l v
cho hai ho m di nh hai chn chim, hai ho m trn nh hai cnh chim xe ra? Cn v ngha th c ngi ging: ngi qun t thi Tiu qu nn khim tn, khng nn c ting tm ln, ch nn nh ting chim ku khi bay, thong qua m thi; m cng khng nn ngi cao, nh con chim khng nn bay ln cao. Hai ch i ct, cc sch u dch l rt tt; Phan Bi Chu dch l tt cho ngi qun t, nu ng c ting tm, ng ngi cao i tr ngi qun t. i Tng truyn gin: Chn trn Cn l ting sm trn ni, b nght v ni m thu hp li, nn gi l Tiu qu. Ngi qun t thi ny ch nn lm qu trong vic nh, nh c th qu cung knh, qu thng cm trong vic ma chay, qu tit kim. Ho t: 1 S lc: Phi iu d hung. Dch: Ho 1, m: Chim (nn np m li) bay, nn xu. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, bt ti, c ho 4, dng; gip, li thi hi qu (Tiu qu), nn hng hi mun lm vic qu, e mc v, cho nn xu. Ch nn lm chim np, ng lm chim bay. 2. : , , . , Lc nh: Qu k t, ng k t, bt cp k qun. Ng k thn ,v cu. Dch: Ho 2, m: Vt qua ng m gp b; khng c gp vua th nn gi phn b ti, nh vy khng li. Ging: Ho nay nhu thun, trung chnh vo thi Tiu qua,1 c qu mt cht m khng li. N l m ng l cu dng m n li vt hai ho dng (3 v 4 ) gp (ng vi 5) ngha l gp m na, cho nn Ho t ni l vt ng m gp b. Ho t khuyn ho ny thp, l phn lm ti, khng gp c vua th c gi phn b ti (ng vo hng nhng b ti khc) . Ho ny ti ngha, chng ti dch theo Phan Bi Chu, Chu Hi ging l: khng gp c vua th gp b ti, nh vy l gi c trung, chnh, tuy hi qu (v mun gp vua) m khng li (sau gp b ti). C hai cch ging u khng xui. 3. , , Cu tam: Pht qu phng chi, tng hoc tng chi, hung. Dch: Ho 3, dng: Chng qu phng b (tiu nhn) th ri s b chng lm hi y. Ging: Thi Tiu qua; tiu nhn nhiu hn qun t, nn phng qu cn thn th tt. Ho ny dng cng c chnh l qun t, nhng v qu cng (dng v dng), t th, khng phng cn thn nn b v. Ho ny xu nht trong qu v b 2 ho m trn p xung, 2 ho m di thc ln, ch c mi ho 4 l bn, m chng gip c g. 4. : , , , ; Cu t: v cu, pht qu ng chi, vng l, tt gii; vt dng vnh trinh. Dch: Ho 4, dng: khng li v khng qu dng m va ng vi o l thi
Tiu qu; nu tin ti th nguy, nn rn v iu , ng c gi c cng ca mnh, m nn bin thng. Ging: hon cnh ho ny y ht ho 3; cng b 2 ho m p trn, 2 ho m thc di, v cng ch cha dt c vi ni qui, cha ln hn c ngoi qui, ng l cng xu, nhng nh 4 tuy dng m v m, nh vy l hi bit mm do, khng qu cng nh 3, ng vi o l thi Tiu qu, chi nn khng c li. Tuy nhin phi nh ng tin ln m theo hai ho m, nh vy l qu nhu mt, s nguy; m cng ng c chp gi tnh dng cng ca mnh, m nn bin thng. 5. : , ; , Lc ng: Mt vn bt v, t ng ty giao; Cng dc, th b ti huyt. Dch: Ho 5, m: my kt m khng ma ci ty ca ta, cng bn m bt ly n hang. Ging: m dng tip xc vi nhau th mi thnh mua, nay m ln qu cao ri (ho 5), dng di, m dng bt ho, c ci tng my kt m khng ma ci ty ca ta (nh thon t qu Tiu sc s 9), i l khng lm c g c; v l m nhu, bt ti li vo thi m nhiu qu. Ch c mt cch l xung tm ho 2, cng m, m lm bn. Ch cng (ng) y tr ho 5, b (n) tr ho 2; ho 2 v m, ti tm cho nn v vi ci hang. 6. : , . , Thng lc: pht ng qu chi, phi iu li chi. Hung, th v tai snh. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: khng ng vi o m li sai qu, nh cnh chim bay cao qu, xa qu, s b tai v. Ging: Ho ny m nhu, m bin ng v ngoi qui Chn (ng), li vo cui thi Tiu qu,1 l thi qu, cho nn bo l sai o qu; c ci tng con chim bay cao qu, xa qu ri; kh ko li c m cn s b tai v na. Ho 6 ny m l tiu nhn, tiu nhn m vt ln trn qun t (dng ho 4), cho nn rn l s b tai ho. Qu ny khuyn qun t vo thi tiu nhn qu nhiu th ng nn qu cng nh ho 3, m nn mm mng mt cht, bin thng nh ho 4.
TR LI BIU 63. QU THY HA K T Trn l Khm (nc), di l ly (la)
Qu l hn, ti c c ch no hn ngi trong mt vic g th lm nn vic y, cho nn sau qu Tiu qu ti qu K t. T l vt qua sng, l nn; k t l vt qua, nn, thnh. Thon t. : , , K t: Hanh tiu, li trinh. S ct, chung lon. Dch: xong: Hanh thng, nu lm nt cc vic nh, c gi c nhng vic thnh ri th mi li. Mi u tt, cui cng th lon (nt bt). Ging: Trong thon t ny, hai ch Hanh tiu, Chu Hi ng l tiu hanh mi ng; tiu hanh ngha l vic nh, c hanh thng. Chng ti cho cch hiu ca Phan Bi Chu (theo Thon truyn) l ng hn, nn dch nh trn. Qu ny trn l nc, di l la. La c tnh bc ln m di nc , nc th chy xung, th l nc vi la giao vi nhau, gip nhau m thnh cng. Cng nh ni nc trn bp la, la bc ln m nc mi nng, mi si c. Li xt su ho trong 1 : ho dng no cng v dng ho m no cng v m; m ho no cng c ng vin: 1 dng c 4 m ng; 2, m c 5 dng, ng; 3, dng , c 6 m ng; u tt p c, mi vic xong xui, th l hanh thng. vo thi K t, vic ln xong, cn nhng vic nh cng phi lm cho xong na, th mi tht l hon thnh. Hon thnh ri li phi c gi c s nghip; nu khng th ch tt lc u thi m rt cuc s nt bt. Ngha lc tr phi lo trc ti lc lon. Thon truyn ging mi u tt v ho 2 ni qui c c nhu thun m c trung; v rt cuc s lon v ngng khng tin na, khng phng na (chung ch tc lon). i Tng truyn cng cn dn phi phng trc lc lon, lc suy. Ho t. 1. : , , S cu: du k lun, nhu k v, v cu. Dch: Ho 1, dng: ko lt bnh xe (chm li), lm t ci ui th khng c li. Ging: ho ny l dng, c ti, trong ni qui Ly (la) c tnh nng ny, li u qu K t, c ch cu tin qu hng. Nn ho t khuyn phi thn trng, thng thng (ko lt bnh xe li), cha qua sng c u (nh con chn t ci ui, khng li c), nh vy mi khi c li . 2. : , , Lc nh: Ph tng k pht, vt trc, tht nht c. Dch : Ho 2, m: Nh ngi n b nh mt ci mn xe, ng ui theo m ly li c i by ngy s c.
Ging: Ho ny gia ni qui Ly, c c vn minh, trung chnh, c th thc hin c ch mnh. N ng vi ho 5 dng cng, trung chnh, a v ch tn; nhng thi K t, xong vic, nn 5 khng oi hoi ti 2, thnh th 2 nh ngi n b c xe i. M nh mt ci mn che bn mt xe, khng i c. Tuy nhin v 2 trung chnh m o trung, chnh khng b b lu bao gi, nn ng mt cng theo ui, c i ri t nhin s c nh . 3. : , Cu tam: Cao tn pht qu Phng tam nin, khc chi. Tiu nhn vt dng. Dch : Ho 3, dng: Vua Cao Tn nh nc Qu Phng, ba nm mi c, ng dng k tiu nhn. Ging: Ho ny l dng v dng, nn qu cng cng, ho ra khinh sut, phi thn trong nh vua Cao Tn, tc V inh (1324-1264) nh n, khi nh mt r nh l qu Phng m cng mt ba nm mi c. ng dng k tiu nhn l li khuyn chung, ch khng phi ch khuyn ring ho 3 ny. 4. : , Lc t: chu hu y nh, chung nht gii. Dch : Ho 4, m: Thuyn b nc vo, c gi bt l, phi rn s sut ngy. Ging: bt u ln ngoi qui Khm, nguy him, phi phng b cn thn, nh ngi ngi chic thuyn b nc vo, phi c gi bt l. Ho ny m nhu, v m, c chnh, l ngi thn trng bit lo s. 5. : , , Cu ng: ng ln st ngu, bt nh ty ln chi thc t, thc th k phc. Dch: Ho 5, dng: Hng xm bn ng m b (lm t l ln) m thc t khng hng c phc bng hng xm bn ty ch t l s si. Ging: Hng xm bn ng l ho 5, bn ty l ho 2. C hai ho u c trung, c chnh, lng ch thnh ngang nhau; 5 a v ch tn lm l ln, nhng c hng phc th 2 li hn 5, ch v 2 gp thi hn; 2 vo on u K t sc tin cn mnh, tng lai cn nhiu; 5 vo gn cui K t, li gia qu Khm (him), tin ti mc cht ri, sp nguy, thnh cc th phi suy. 6. : , Thng lc: Nhu k th, l. Dch: Ho trn cng, m: t ci u, nguy. Ging: tiu nhn bt ti (ho ny l m) thi cui cng ca K t, li trn ht Qu khm, cng nguy na, nh mt ngi li qua sng, nc ngp c u. K t vn l mt qu tt, nhng ch ba ho u l kh tt, cn ba ho sau th cng tin ln cng xu: ho 5, km phc ho 2, m ho trn cng (t u) so vi ho 1 (t ui) cn xu hn nhiu. Vn l li khuyn gp thi thnh phi cn thn, phng lc suy. TR LI BIU
64. QU HA THY V T Trn l Ly (la), di l Khm (nc)
K t l qua sng ri, cng ri, nhng theo lut thin nhin, khng c l no ht hn c, ht ma ny n ma khc, ht thi ny n thi khc, ht lp ny n lp khc, sinh sinh ho ho hoi, c bin dch v cng, cho nn tuy xong ri nhng vn l cha ht, cha cng, do sau qu K t ti qu V t: cha qua sng, cha xong, cha ht. Thon t: : , , V t: Hanh. Tiu h ngt t, nhu k v, v du li. Dch: cha xong, cha cng: c hanh thng. Con chn nh sa son vt qua sng m t ci ui, khng qua c, khng c g li c. Ging: Qu ny tri hn qu trn: la trn nc, nc v la khng giao nhau, khng gip c nhau; c 5 ho u tri ngi c; dng v m, m m v dng, cho nn gi l v t: cha xong. V t ch khng phi l bt t, cha qua sng c ch khng phi l khng qua c, s c thi qua c, lc s hanh thng. Thi l thi ca ho 5, c c nhu trung, bit thn trng m gia qu Ly (thi vn minh). V li tuy 5 ho u tri ngi, nhng ng vin nhau cng nhu gip nhau m nn vic: thm mt l hanh thng na. Thon t khuyn ng nn nh con chn con, nng ny hp tp, mi sa son qua sng m lm t ci ui, khng qua c na, khng lm c vic g li c, khng tip tc c n cng. i tng khuyn phi xem xt k cng m t ngi, vt vo ch thch ng, th mi nn vic, ng t la trn nc chng hn nh qu ny. Ho t: 1. : , S lc: nhu k v, ln. Dch: Ho 1, m: t ci ui, ng n hn. Ging: m nhu, ti km, vo u thi V t, m li bc chn vo ch him (khm), nh con chn sp sa qua sng m lm t ci ui, khng bit tnh trc phi n hn. 2. : , Cu nh: Du k lun, trinh ct. Dch: Ho 2, dng: ko lt bnh xe, gi o trung chnh th tt. Ging: dng cng l c ti, v m l bt chnh, thy ho 5 ngi tn, ng vi
mnh l m nhu, c mun ln lt 5, nh vy s hng vic, cho nn ho t khuyn nn gim tnh cng ca mnh i (nh ko lt bnh xe, hm bt li) v gi o trung ca mnh (ho 2 c trung) th tt, v h trung th c th chnh c. 3. : , , Lc tam: V t: chinh hung, li thip i xuyn. Dch: Ho 3, m: cha thnh u, nu c tin hnh th b ho, vt qua sng ln th li. Ging: m nhu, v ti, li bt trung, bt chnh, khng lm nn vic u, nu c tin hnh th xu. Nhng cnh co: tin hnh th xu m sao li bo qua sng ln th li? Mu thun chng? V vy m c ngi ng trc ch li, thiu ch bt vt qua sng ln th khng li, mi phi. C th ging nh vy: xt v ti c ca 3 th khng nn tin hnh, nhng xt v thi ca 3: cui qu Khm, l sp c thot him, hn na trn c ho 6 dng cng gip cho, th sp c c hi vt qua sng ln c. Lc s c li. 4. : , , . Cu t: trinh ct, hi vong. Chn dng pht Qu Phng, tam nin. Hu thng vu i quc. Dch: Ho 4, dng: gi o chnh th tt, hi hn mt i. Phn pht (Chn) tinh thn, c v dng khi m nh nc qu Phng, lu ba nm, nhng ri c nc ln thng cho. Ging: C ti dng cng, m vo thi thot khi him (ni qui Khm), tin ln ci sng ca vn minh (ngoi qui Ly), trn c ho 5, m , l ng vua tin vy mnh ,th ng l tt. Ch v ho 4 ny bt chnh (dng v m) nn khuyn phi gi o chnh. Li khuyn phi phn pht tinh thn v kin nhn mi lm c vic ln cho x hi, nh vic nh nc qu phng thi vua Cao Tn (coi ho 3, qu K t) ba nm mi thnh cng. 5. : ,,. Lc ng: trinh, ct, v hi. Qun t chi quang hu phu, ct. Dch: Ho 5, m: C c trung chnh, tt, khng c li. c vn minh ca ngi qun t do ch thnh m rc r, tt. Ging: Ho ny m v dng l bt chnh, nhng v m nhu, c trung (trung cn tt hn chnh) vo gia ngoi qui Ly, l c c vn minh rc r, li ng vi ho 2 c trung, dng cng di, nn hai ln c khen l tt; ln u v c c trung, vn minh ln sau v c lng ch thnh, ht lng tin ho 2. 6. : , , , Thng cu: Hu phu vu m tu, v cu Nhu k th, hu phu, tht th. Dch: Ho trn cng, dng: tin tng ch i nh thong th ung ru chi th khng li, nu qu t tin m chm m trong ru ch (t ci u) th l by. Ging: Dng cng trn cng qu l cng ti dng cc, cng cui ngoi qui Ly l sng n cng cc, u l qu c. Sp ht thi V t ri, m ho 4 v 5 lm c nhiu vic ri, ho 6 ny ch nn t tn, lc thin an mnh, vui th
ung ru chi m ch thi, nh vy khng c li. Nu qu t tn n mc chm m trong ru ch (nh con chn t ci u), khng bit tit th mt ci ngha, ho by. Kinh Dch bt u bng hai qu Cn, Khn, gc ca vn vt; gia l hai qu Hm v Hng, o v chng, gc ca x hi, tn cng bng hai qu K t v V t xong ri li cha xong; nh vy l hm ci ngha vic tri t cng nh vic ca loi ngi, khng bao gi xong, ci g tt chung ri li tip ngay ti thy. M o Dch cng vy khng bao gi ht. Dch cho ta nim hy vng tng lai. Tht l mt trit l lc quan. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT H T TRUYN-THIN THNG Dch v ch thch H T TRUYN - THIN THNG - CHNG I Cng gi l I TRUYN 1. Thin tn a ti, Cn khn nh h; ti cao d trn, qu tin v h. ng tnh hu thng, cng nhu on h. Phng d t loi, vt d qun phn, ct hung sinh h. Ti thin thnh tng, ti a thnh hnh, bin ho hin h. (1). Dch: (v thy) tri cao t thp (m thnh nhn) vch ra qu Cn v qu Khn; cao thp by ra th nh c qu v tin (dng qu m m tin). ng v tnh c lut nht nh do m phn bit cng v nhu (dng l cng ng; m l nhu, tnh). Vic (1) c xu hng phi tri nn sp vi nhau thnh nhm; vt c hnh ring nn chia ra tng by; do m t ra li ct v hung. Xem trn tri thy (nht nguyt tinh thn . . .) thnh ra nhiu tng; xem di t thy (ni sng, vn vt . . .) thnh ra nhiu hnh; s bin ho nh vy hin r. Ch thch: tit ny ni v ngun gc v nguyn l Kinh dch. (1). Ch phng y c ngi hiu l ni v dch: cc loi t li tng phng. Chng ti theo Phan Bi Chu m dch nh trn. R. Wilhelm dch l bin c. 2. Th c cng nhu tng ma, bt qui tng ng. Dch: cho nn cng v mm c nhau, giao nhau m thnh bt qui, bt qui lun chuyn nhau (chng ln ln nhau m thnh su mi bn qu). 3. C chi d li nh, nhun chi d phong v, nht nguyt vn hnh, nht hn nht th. Dch : C ng cho mun vt bng sm st (m ch qu Chn); thm nhun cho mun vt bng gi ma (m ch qu Tn), mt tri mt trng xoay vn, c lnh ri ti nng (thay i nhau hoi).
Ch thch: y ni v s bin ho thnh ra cc tng trn tri. 4. Cn o thnh nam, Khn o thnh n. Dch: C o Cn (tc kh dng) nn thnh ging c, c o Khn (tc kh m) nn thnh ging ci. Ch thch: Ch o y khng c ngha l o c, cng khng hn c ngha nh trong o c kinh. C th tm coi l lut thin nhin. Nam, n thng dch l trai, gi, nh vy l ch xt chung v loi ngi thi, ngha hp i. 5. Cn tri thi (c ngi c l i) thy, Khn tc thnh vt. Dch: o Cn lm ch (tc ng) lc mi u (lc cha thnh hnh); ri sau o Khn lm cho (vn vt) ngng kt m thnh hnh. Ch thch: Ch tri y khng c ngha l bit; m c ngha l lm ch, nh tri ph, tri huyn. . . 6. Cn d d tri, khn d gin nng. Dch: Cn (nh c cng kin m ng nn) d dng, khng tn sc m lm ch tc ng lc mi u; Khn (nh c nhu thun m) n gin, khng ri ren m tc thnh vn vt. Ch thch: tit l tip tit trn. Tit trn ni v cng dng ca Cn, Khn; tit ny ni v c ca Cn, khn. Ch tri y ngha nh ch tri trn, ch nng y ngha nh ch tc trn. 7. D tc d tri, gin tc d tng. D tri tc hu thn, d tng tc hu cng. Hu thn tc kh cu, hu cng tc kh i. Kh cu tc hin nhn chi c, kh i tc hin nhn chi nghip. Dch: (Ngi ta nu bt chc Cn, x th mt cch) bnh d th (lng minh) ngi khc d bit (1); (nu bt chc Khn m x s mt cch) n gin th ngi khc d theo mnh. Ngi khc d bit mnh th c nhiu ngi thn vi mnh; ngi khc d theo mnh th mnh lp c cng lao. C nhiu ngi thn th mnh c lu di (2), lp c nhiu cng th s nghip mnh ln. Mnh c lu di th l c c ca hin nhn, c s nghip ln th l c s nghip ca hin nhn. Ch thch: My tit trn ni v o, c ca Cn, Khn; tit ny ni v ngi hin. (1) D tc d tri: ch tri y khng c ngha l lm ch nh trong hai tit trn, m c ngha l bit. Ch d th nht ngha l gin, ch d th nh (d tri) l d, tri vi nan l kh. (2) Cu: lu di, c ngha l gi chc v lu, v nhiu ngi ng tm vi mnh. 8. D gin nhi thin h chi l c h, thin h chi l c nhi thnh v h k trung h. Dch: c c d (ca Cn), c c gin (ca Khn) th l nm c o l trong thin h ri; nm c o l trong thin h, th l c c ci a v gia tri v t (cng vi tri t thnh ba ngi: tam ti: tri, ngi, t, tham d c vi tri t. Ch thch: thnh v h k trung, R. Wilhelm dch l s ton thin trong tc t c s ton thin. J.Legge, trong The I ching. Theo Chu Hi, dch nh chng ti. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)
TR LI PHN MT CHNG II 1. Thnh nhn thit qui, quan tng, h t yn nhi minh ct hung. Dch: thnh nhn t ra qu, xem tng trong qu , ri ghp (1) li on vo sau mi qu mi ho t r l tt, xu. Ch thch: (1) H c ngha l buc. Thi xa khc ch ln th tre, v buc cc th vo vi nhau. 2. Cng nhu tng thi nhi bin ho. Dch: Cng (qu ho dng), nhu (qu v ho m) di y nhau m sinh ra bin ho (dng thnh m, m thnh dng). 3. Th c (1) ct hung gi, c tht chi tng d: hi ln gi, u ngu chi tng d. Dch: Tt xu l ci tng ca s c tht; hi tic l ci tng ca s lo ngi. Ch thch: (1) ch th c ny thi xa dng chuyn, khng thc c ngha nhn qu, cho nn chng ti khng dch. 4. Bin ho gi, tin thoi chi tng d; cng nhu gi, tr d chi tng d; lc ho chi ng, tam cc chi o d. Dch: Bin ho l hnh tng ca s tin thoi; cng (dng) nhu (m) l hnh tng ca ngy m; su ho ng l ci l cng cc ca tam ti (tri, ngi, t) (1) Ch thch: (1) Ho 6 v 5 l tri, ho 4 v 3 l ngi, ho 2 v 1 l t; v vy bo su ho l tam ti. 5. Th c qun t s c nhi an gi. Dch chi t d; s lc nhi ngon gi, ho chi t d. Dch: Ngi qun t khi t x nh xem ci th t ca o Dch (1) m yn tm; nh li on cc ho m vui thch, ngm ngh khng chn. Ch thch: (1) th t ca o Dch tc l ng nhin s vic n phi bin i theo trnh t no , chng hn thnh ri th suy, cng ri th bin thng. 6. Th c qun t c tc quan k tng nhi ngon k t; ng tc quan k bin nhi ngon k chim; th d t nhin hu chi, ct v bt li. Dch: ngi qun t khi yn th xem tng m ngm ngh li kinh (10; khi hu s (mun hnh ng) th xem s bin ho m ngm ngh li on qu (2) nh vy m c tri gip cho gp iu tt, khng c g chng li . Ch thch: (1) Ch t y l li ging v mi qu, mi ho (qui t, ho t) tc l li Kinh ca Vn Vng, Chu Cng. (2) chim l li qu bo v s tt xu s gp, khi mnh xin qu. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT
CHNG III 1. Thon gi, ngn h tng gi d: ho gi, ngn h bin gi d. Dch: Li Thon (Thon t Vn Vng t di mi qu) l ch r ci tng ( tng v hnh tng) ca mi qu, li ho (ho t, Chu Cng t di mi ho) l ni v s trao i, bin ho ca cc ho. 2. Ct hung gi, ngn h k tht c d; hi ln gi, ngn h k tiu t d; v cu gi, thin b qu d. Dch: Ct (tt) hung (xu) l ni v s c (c) tht (mt); hi ln l ni v nhng sai lm nh; v cu l kho sa li. Ch thch: C sch ging: hi: l c c c ct, ln l c c b hung 3. Th c lit qu tin gi, tn h v; t tiu i gi, tn h qui; bin ct hung gi, tn h t. Dch: cho nn xt v (ngi), ca ho m bit sang hay hn (1); xem tng ca qu m cn nhc (quyt nh) c ln (dng) hay nh (m) (2); xt li on m phn bit c tt xu. Ch thch: (1) V d ho 5 l sang, ho 1 l hn. (2) V d qu B, m thnh, cho nn thon t ni l tiu lai (m ti, vo trong tc tiu nhn trong); qu Thi dng thnh, cho nn thon t ni l i li (dng ti, tc qun t trong). 4. u hi ln gi tn h gii, chn v cu gi tn h hi. Dch: Bit lo v nhng hi hn (lm nh) th bit d phng ch gii hn gia thin v c (li v mt cht th l thin, tin qu mt cht th ho c); lm chn khi s v cu (khng li) l s n nn (bit n nn tc l lng sa li bt u pht ng, chn ln m do c th s khng li). 5. Th c qui hu tiu i, t hu him d; t d gi cc ch k s chi. Dch: Cho nn qu th c ln nh (1), li th c him hc hay d dng, li l bo ci hng din bin (2). Ch thch: (1) Qu ln l qu no m dng thnh, m suy (qun t thinh, tiu nhn suy); ngc li l qu nh. (2) Bit ci hng din bin ca s vic th bit trnh ci xu, tm ci tt (xu ct t hung); do bo cho ta ci hng din bin cng l bo cho ta cch x s. Vy nu ta sng sut th vn lm ch c vn mnh ca ta. C h dch ch trng c thin mnh tc lut thin nhin ch khng c nh mnh. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG IV 1. Dch d thin a chun, c nng di lun thin a chi o. Dch: Kinh dch (v c ci o ca tri t, cho nn) cng lm chun ch vi tri t; do m chnh n, sa sang c o ca tri t.
2. Ngng d quan thin vn, ph d st a l, th c tri u minh chi c. Nguyn thy phn chung, c tri t sinh chi thuyt. Tinh kh vi vt, du hn vi bin, th c tri qu thn chi tnh trng. Dch: (Thnh nhn trc khi lm Dch) ngng ln m xem thin vn, ci xung m xem a l, cho nn bit ci c s d u v minh (1). Suy nguyn t trc, tr li v sau, nn bit ci thuyt sng cht (2). Tinh v kh l vt cht hot ng, hn tan m bin, nn bit c tnh trng qu thn (3) . Ch thch: (1) U l ti, lc m vn vt cha c hnh tch r rng, ngc li l minh, l sng. (2) Suy nguyn t trc l t khi m dng ho hp, t li thnh hnh, tc l bit thuyt sinh (sinh ra); tr li v sau l v lc m dng tiu kit, kh tn, hnh tn, tc lc cht, do m bit c thuyt t (cht). (3) Qu, thn y khc hn ngha ngy nay. m dng ngng t li m thnh hnh, thnh cht, l tnh trng thuc v thn; khi hn tan ri, ch cn mt khi t vt, l tnh trng thuc v qu (Gii thch ca Phan Bi Chu). 3. D thin a tng t c bt vi; tr chu h vn vt nhi o t thin h, c bt qu, bng hnh nhi bt lu, lc thin tri mnh c bt u; an th n h nhn, c nng i. Dch: (Trn ni v tri t, y ni v thnh nhn) (thnh nhn) ging vi tri t cho nn khng tri vi tri t, c tr (sng sut) soi khp vn vt, m o (nhn ca thnh nhn) gip khp thin h, cho nn khng bao gi qu (lun lun hp vi o trung); bit quyn bin (bng hnh) m khng lu ng (khng mt l chnh ng) vui l tri, bit mnh tri (1) cho nn khng lo lng; yn vi cnh ng, n c v c nhn, cho nn thc hnh c bc i. Ch thch: (1) ch tri mnh y tc l ch tri mnh trong lun ng: ng thp nhi tri thin mnh. Mnh khng phi l s mnh, m l ci lut, ci o tri. 4. Phm vi thin a chi ho nhi bt qu, khc thnh vn vt nhi bt di, thng h tr d chi o nhi tri, c thn v phng nhi dch v th. Dch: (Thnh nhn) ly s bin ho ca tri t lm khun mu m khng qu (vn gi o trung), un nn m thnh tu c vn vt, chng b st vt no, thng sut o ngy m m hiu n (tc o u mnh, sinh t, qu thn) ; do thy s huyn diu ca bc ch thn l khng c phng s m bin ho ca Dch khng c hnh th (khng hn lng c). Ch thch: Hai tit sau, R.Wilhelm cho l vn ni v o Dch, ch khng ni v o thnh nhn, v tit cui ny ng dch nh sau: Trong Dch c hnh thc v phm vi ca mi vt trong tri t, khng g thot ra ngoi c. Trong Dch mi vt mi ni c hon thnh, khng st vt no. Cho nn, nh Dch chng ta c th thu c o ngy m m hiu n. Cho nn ci thn tr (spirit) khng b gii hn ni no c m Kinh Dch khng b gii hn hnh th no c. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT
CHNG V 1. Nht m nht dng chi v o. Dch: Mt m mt dng gi l o. Ch thch: Cu ny Phan Bi Chu theo Chu Hi ging l: m, dng thuc v phn kh, (tc phn hnh); hai ci p i, chuyn vn vi nhau; ci l ca n gi l o. R. Wilhelm dch l: Ci khin cho khi th m xut hin, khi th dng xut hin, ci l o (o, R.Wilhelm phin m l tao). J. Legge dch o l s chuyn vn ca s vt (the course of things). 2. K chi gi, thin d; thnh chi gi, tnh d. Dch: (Tit ny cng rt kh hiu nh tit trn, mi nh ging mt khc, chng ti chm chc Phan Bi Chu v Chu Hi m dch nh sau). Ci nguyn l, ci o y khi pht ra th tt lnh, ci tt lnh y tc ci o y c th ho (thnh) ngi (v vn vt) th by gi gi bng tnh. Ch thch: t tng trong tit ny ging t tng trong cu thin mnh chi v tnh, sch Trung Dung; v ging thuyt tnh thin ca Mnh t. 3. Nhn gi kin chi v chi nhn, tr gi kin chi v chi tr. Bch tnh nht dng chi nhi bt tri, c qun t chi o tin h. Dch: (o rt huyn nhim tinh vi, khng ai bit ht c, ty bm th khc nhau m) ngi (c c) nhn thy n nhn, gi n l o nhn; ngi tr (sng sut) thy n tr, gi n l tr. (cn hng ngi thp km tc) trm h ngy no cng dng n m chng bit, cho nn o ngi qun t (gm c nhn ln tr) mi t ngi c c. 4. Hin ch nhn, tng ch dng, c vn vt nhi bt d thnh nhn ng u, thnh c i nghip ch h tai. Dch: o hin r c nhn, m mu nhim v tc dng ; n c v vn vt m (v tm) khng lo lng nh thnh nhn, cho nn ci c ca n cc thnh, s nghip ca n cc ln. Ch thch: tit ny c h ch trng rng o v vi nhi v bt vi nh Lo t, nhng li bo thnh nhn u thi mn th, tc hu vi, nh nho gia. 5. Ph hu chi v i nghip, nht tn chi v thnh c. Dch: N to ln, bao trm ht thy (ph hu) cho nn bo l s nghip n ln; n bin ho khng bao gi ngng (nht tn) cho nn bo l c n thnh. 6. Sinh sinh chi v dch. Dch: (m dng) Sinh sinh (ho ho hoi) gi l dch. Ch thch: so snh cu ny vi cu: nht sinh nh, nhi sinh tam, tam sinh vn vt ca Lo t. 7. Thnh tng chi v Cn, hiu php chi v Khn. Dch: To nn tng (t m, cn phi thai) l ci kh Cn; trnh by (hiu) ci hnh thc (php) y , l kh Khn. Ch thch; Vy l Cn ch ng, Khng tip tc cng vic ca Cn m to thnh vn vt. 8. Cc s tri lai chi v chim, thng bin chi v s. Dch: Xem xt n cng lut ca cc s m bit c v lai, th gi l coi bi, thng sut s bin ho th gi l (hiu) vic (nn lm).
Ch thch: Tit ny ni v vic bi Phan Bi Chu b. 9. m dng bt trc chi v thn. Dch: Trong m c dng, trong dng c m, khng nht nh m lng c (bt trc) nh vy gi l thn. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG VI (Phan Bi Chu b trn chng ny) 1. Ph dch qung h, i h: d ngn h vin tc bt ng, d ngn h tnh nhi chnh, d ngn h thin a chi gian tc b h. Dch: o dch rng ln tht; ni v xa th o y v cng, ni v gn th o y tnh m chnh (ngay), ni v khong trong tri t th o y bao gm c. 2. Ph cn k tnh d chuyn, k ng d trc, th d i sinh yn. Ph khn, k tnh d hp, k ng d tch, th d qung sinh yn. Dch: o cn lc tnh th chuyn nht, lc ng th tin thng, cho nn sc sinh ra ca n ln. o khn lc tnh th thu li, lc ng th m ra, cho nn sc sinh ca n rng. 3. Qung i phi thin a, bin thng phi t thi, m dng chi ngha phi nht nguyt, gin d chi thin phi ch c. Dch: o dch v rng ln nn phi hp vi tri t, v bin thng nn phi hp vi bn ma, v l m dng nn phi hp vi mt tri mt trng, v n c ci hay l gin v d (1), cho nn phi hp vi ci c ti cao (2). Ch thch: (1) Gin l c ca Khn, ca m; d l c ca Cn, ca dng Coi Ch.I tit 6 trn. (2) Ch ch c y, J.Legge dch l nhng tc dng hon ton, R. Wilhelm dch l nng lc ti cao. Chng ny ch cao o Dch, khng thm ngha g c. CHNG VII 1. T vit: Dch k ch h h! Ph dch thnh nhn s d sng c nhi qung nghip d; tr sng l ti; sng hiu thin, ti php a. Dch: thy (Khng ) ni: o Dch tinh diu thay! Thnh nhn dng n m a c mnh ln cao, m rng s nghip ca mnh; tr (c) th cao m x s (l) th khim h; v phn cao l bt chc tri, v phn khim h (thp) l bt chc t. 2. Thin a thit v nhi dch hnh k trung h; thnh tn tn tn, o ngha chi mn. Dch: Tri (cao) t (thp) thnh ngi, m s (m dng) bin ho lu hnh khong gia (tri t); ngi ta bm th c ci tnh (tt) ri, th cn, cn mi, l ci ca ca o ngha.
Chng ny cng cao Dch nh chng trn.
Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG VIII 1. Thnh nhn hu d kin thin h chi trch, nhi ngh ch k hnh dung, tng k vt nghi, th c v chi tng. Dch: thnh nhn thy c nhng ci phc tp trong thin h m xt hnh dung ca chng ri bt chc m tng trng cc vt cng tnh cch mi vt, do m gi l tng (tng hnh v tng ). 2. Thnh nhn hu d kin thin h chi ng, nhi quan k hi thng, d hnh k in l, h t yn d on k ct hung, th c v chi ho. Dch: thnh nhn thy c nhng ci ng trong thin h, m xt ci l t hi v tng quan ca chng, tm ra c qui lut vn chuyn (1) ca chng, ri t ra li ghp vo (mi ho) on ct hay hung, do m gi l ho. Ch thch: (1) in l y c ngha l php tc, khun php. Hai tit trn, Phan Bi Chu u khng dch. 3. Ngn thin h chi ch trch nhi bt kh d, ngn thin h chi ch ng nhi bt kh lon d. Dch: thnh nhn ni v ci phc tp trong thin h m khng lm cho ngi ta chn (1) ni v ci rt bin ng trong thin h m ngi ta khng thy hn lon (2). Ch thch: (1) Bt kh , Phan Bi Chu ging l thnh nhn thu np ht cc tp lon trong thin h, khng c ci no ght b m khng ni. (2) Phan Bi Chu ging l: v trc sau u sp t c th t. 4. Ngh chi nhi hu ngn, ngh chi nhi hu ng, ngh ngh d thnh k bin ho. Dch: (ngi hc Dch) so snh (cn nhc) li trong Dch ri mi ni, bn xt v cch bin ng trong Dch ri mi hnh ng; so snh, bn xt nh vy hon thnh nhng cng vic bin ho trong i mnh. Ch thch: Tit ny, R. Wilhelm cho l vn ni v thnh nhn v vic to Kinh Dch; v dch l: S d c nh vy (nh tit 3), l v thnh nhn nhn xt trc khi ni, bn bc trc khi hnh ng. do nhn xt v bn bc m thnh nhn hon thnh c s bin i. * (Di y l by th d tc gi H t truyn ly trong Kinh Dch cho c gi thy nn so snh, bn xt ra sao khi c Dch, ri p dng trong i sng). 5. Hc minh ti m, k t ho chi; ng hu ho tc, ng d nh m chi. T vit: qun t c k tht, xut k ngn, thin tc thin l chi ngoi ng chi,
hung k nh gi h; c k tht, xut k ngn, bt thin, tc thin l chi ngoi vi chi, hung k nh gi h. Ngn, xut h thn, gia h dn; hnh pht h nh, kin h vin, Ngn hnh qun t chi xu c, xu c chi pht, vinh nhc chi ch d, Ngn hnh qun t chi s d ng thin a d, kh bt thn h! Dch: (Qu Trung phu, ho 2 coi phn dch 64 qu trn Ho t ni: ) con hc m gy bng rm, con n ho li; (li nh) ti c chn ru ngon, ti cng anh chia nhau ( ni: hai bn cm ng, tng c vi nhau, nh ho hai v ho nm qu Trung Phu) Thy (Khng) (gii thch ngha ca ho ) bo: Ngi qun t trong nh, m ni ra, nu li ni hay th ngi ngoi ngha dm cng hng ng, hung chi l ngi gn; trong nh m ni ra, nu li ni khng hay th ngi ngoi ngn dm cng phn i, hung chi l ngi gn. Li (ming) mnh pht ra th tc ng ngay ti dn chng; hnh vi t gn pht ra th nh hng hin ngay xa. Li ni, vic lm ca ngi qun t cng nh ci my ci cht, ci my ci cht pht ri l ci gc ca iu vinh nhc. Do li ni v vic lm m ngi qun t cm ng c tri t, nh vy chng nn thn trng. 6. ng nhn tin ho o nhi hu tiu. T vit: qun t chi o hoc xut hoc x, hoc mc hoc ng, nh nhn ng tm, k li on kim, ng tm chi ngn, k x nh lan. Dch: (qu ng nhn, ho 5 Ho t ni Hai ngi ng tm vi nhau th trc ku ru ri sau li ci ( mun ni: mi u b ngn cch v hon cnh, v b gim pha, cho nn than th ku ru, sau thng c hon cnh m li vui v - coi phn dch trn). Thy (Khng) ni: Nh o ngi qun t, hoc xut hoc x, hoc yn lng hoc ni nng, hai ngi m cng mt lng (ng tm) th sc mnh b gy c loi kim (ngn cch h), v li ca h thm tha nh hng lan) 7. s lc, t dng bch mao, v cu T vit: Cu th ch a nhi kh h, t chi dng mao, h cu chi hu? Thn chi ch d, Ph mao chi vi vt bc nhi dng kh trng d. Thn t thut d d vng, k v s tht h. Dch: Ho s lc (tc ho 1 m qu i qu, Ho t ni: Lt vt g m dng c mao trng th khng c li ( ni cn thn th khng b, khng tht bi) Thy (Khng) ni: Nu t vt g xung t cng c ri, m li cn dng c mao trng lt na th cn s g b na? Nh vy l rt cn thn. C mao l vt tm thng m bit dng th li ng qu. Nu ta thn trng nh vy khi lm vic i th chc khng b li. 8. Lao Khim, qun t hu chung, ct T vit: Lao nhi bt pht, hu cng chi bt c, hu chi ch d. Ng d k cng h nhn gi d. c ngn thnh, l ngn cung, khim d gi, tr cung d tn k v gi d. Dch: (Ho 3 qu Khim, Ho t ni: Kh nhc m nhn nhng, ngi qun t gi c (a v) ti cng (1) , tt. Thy (Khng) ni: Kh nhc m khng khoe khoang, c cng vi i m chng nhn l n c, c nh vy l cc dy. (Lao, Khim) c ngha rng ly cng lao ca mnh m nhn nhng di ngi. o c th thnh, l mo th cung knh,
ngi Khim ht lng cung knh m gi c a v. Ch thch: (1) Hu chung c sch ging l ngi qun t c trn vn v sau, li c ngi dch l khin cho mi s vic c ti cng; cng c ngi hiu l gi c lao, khim ti cng. 9. Khng long hu hi. T vit: qu nhi v v, cao nhi v dn, hin nhi ti h v nhi v ph, th d ng nhi hu hi d. Dch: (Ho 6 qu Cn, Ho t ni: rng ln cao n cng cc tt c iu phi n nn. Thy (Khng) ging: (Ho 6) Qu (v trn cao hn ht) nhng khng c ngi, cao m ngi c dn (v ho 5 l vua mi c dn), cc ngi hin di mnh m khng gip mnh, cho nn nu hot ng th tt c iu phi n nn. 10. Bt xut h nh, v cu T vit: Lon chi s minh d tc ngn ng d vi giai. Qun bt mt tc tht thn, thn bt mt tc tht thn, c s bt mt tc hi thnh. Th c qun t thn mt nhi bt xut d. Dch: (Ho 1 qu Tit), Ho t ni: Khng ra khi sn ng th khng b li. Thy (Khng) ging: Lon s d sinh ra l do ngn ng gy ra trc. ng vua m khng kn li (cn mt) th mt b ti; b ti m khng kn li th mt thn mnh; mu c m khng gi kn th tai hi sinh ra. Cho nn ngi qun t cn mt m gi gn li ni, khng cho tit l ra. 11. T vit: Tc Dch gi, k tri o h? Dch vit: Ph th tha, tr khu ch. Ph d gi, tiu nhn chi s d; tha d gi, qun t chi kh d. Tiu nhn nhi tha qun t chi kh, o t ot chi h. Thng mn h bo, o t pht chi h. Mn tng hi o, d dung hi dm. Dch vit: Ph th tha, tr khu chi o chi chiu d. Dch: Thy (Khng) ni: Ngi lm dch bit c tm l bn n trm chng? Kinh Dch (Qu Gii, ho 3, Ho t ni: K mang i vt m li ngi xe l xui bn trm cp ti. L v mang i vt l cng vic ca ngi thng (ngho), m xe l dng ca ngi sang (giu) (1). Ngi thng m ngi xe ca ngi sang l xui cho k trm cp tm cch cp ot ca mnh. Ngi trn khinh nhn, k di ( th) tn bo, th k cp tm cch nh ui ngay(2). Giu ct khng kn o l dy cho k trm vo ly ca nh mnh; trau gii nhan sc l dy cho bn gian dm hip mnh. Kinh dch ni: K mang i vt m li ngi xe l xui bn trm cp ti. l t mnh vi trm cp ti. Ch thch: (1) ch tiu nhn y tr dn thng, ngi ngho: ch qun t tr ngi c chc tc, sang, giu. (2) Cu ny ni v vic tr nc, ngi trn tr vua, k di tr quan, k cp tr cc nc khc mun nh chim nc mnh. R. Wilhelm v J.Legge dch l: Minh khinh nhn vi b trn m tn bo vi k di th k cp s tm cch nh ui mnh. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)
CHNG IX (Phan Bi Chu b trn) 1. Thin nht a nh, thin tam a t, thin ng a lc, thin tht a bt, thin cu a thp. Dch: S ca tri l mt, ca t l hai, ca tri l ba, ca t l bn; ca tri l nm, ca t l su; ca tri l by, ca t l tam; ca tri l chn, ca t l mi. Ch thch: Chng ny thuc v tng s hc v php bi, c th vit vo u i Hn- Coi Phn I, Chng III, v coi hnh H , Lc Th Phn I, ChngI. 2. Thin s ng, a s ng. Ng v tng c nhi cc hu hp. Thin s nh thp hu ng, a s tam thp. Phm thin a chi s ng thp hu ng. Th s d thnh bin ho nhi hnh qu thn d. Dch: c nm s v tri (tc nhng s l: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9), nm s v t (tc nhng s chn: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10). C nm s v tri tng c vi nm s v t (theo Chu Hi th 1 tng c vi 2, 3 vi 4, 5 vi 6,7 vi 8,9 vi 10), v c nm s v tri hp vi nm s v t (cng theo Chu Hi, 1 hp vi 6,2 hp vi 7,3 hp vi 8,4 hp vi 9,5 hp vi 10) (1). Tng s ca tri l 25( 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9), tng s ca t l 30 ( 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10); cng c s ca tri v ca t l 55 (25 + 30). Do m thnh ra bin ho v hnh ng nh qu thn (2) (Chu Hi bo qu thn l s co dui, i li ca s l, s chn sinh ra). Ch thch: (1) Chng ti dch theo Chu Hi. R. Wilhelm dch khc: Khi nhng s ca tri v ca t c phn phi thnh nm ch (five places ng v) th mi s c mt s b tc cho n (cc hu hp) J. Legge dch cng i khi nh vy: cc hu hp l mi s c mt s khc thnh mt cp. (2) R. Wilhelm dch l: nh . . . m lm cho qu, thn tc ng Chng ti th thc chng hiu g c. 3. i din chi s ng thp. K dng t thp hu cu, phn nhi v nh d tng lng. Qui nht d tng tam. Thit chi d t d tng t thi. Qui c lc d tng nhun. Ng tu ti nhun, c ti lc nhi hu qui. Dch: S i din l 50 (1) Nhng trong vic bi ch dng 49 cng c thi, chia lm hai tng trng lng nghi (hay tri t). Ri ly mt ci vo khi ngn t tay tri tng trng tam ti (tri, t, ngi). Tch ra m m c bn mt tng, trng bn ma. Dnh ch l cn li m kp khe ngn gia tay tri tng trng thng nhun. Nm nm th c hai nm nhun, cho nn dnh ra hai ln l, ri sau li lm li t u (2). Ch thch: tit ny kh hiu, v ni v cch thc bi. (1) Chu Hi bo: s i din l 50 v trong cung H , s tri 5 ci trn s t lo m thnh ra Chng ti chng hiu g c. (2) Ti dch theo J.Legge and after wards the whole process is repeated R. Wilhelm dch l this give us the whole, ngha cng ta nh J.Legge: nh vy l xong mt ln. Nguyn Duy Tnh (Chu Dch bn ngha: b Vn Ho xut bn 1968) dch l ri mi kp vo, ti e sai. 4. Cn chi sch nh bch nht thp hu lc; Khn chi sch bch t thp hu t, phm tam bch hu lc thp, dng c chi nht.
Dch: Th ca Cn l 216, th ca Khn l 144, cng l 360, hp vi s ngy trong mt nm. Ch thch: Cn v Khn trong tit ny tr qu Thun Cn (6 ho dng) v qu Thun Khn (6 ho m). Sch chng ti dch theo t in l th (c l l cng c thi?) R. Wilhelm dch l nhng s sinh ra (?) (yield) qu Cn l 216. J. Legge dch l nhng s cn (?) (required) cho qu Cn l 216. Do u m c nhng s 216 v 144? Wilhelm v Legge mi nh ging mt khc (coi I Ching tr. 311, 312 , v The I Ching tr. 368 sch dn), chng ti khng hiu m cng khng cho l quan trng, cho nn khng dch. S ngy trong mt nm: 360 l s chn, ch thc ra ngi Trung Hoa thi bit mi nm gm 365 ngy v mt phn t ngy. 5. Nh thin chi sch vn hu nht thin ng bch nh thp, dng vn vt chi s d. Dch: S th ca hai thin (tc thin thng v thin h trong Kinh Dch, tc s th ca 64 qu Trng - v thin thng gm 30 qu, thin h gm 34 qu) l 11.520, hp vi s ca vn vt. Ch thch: Ch sch tit ny, Wilhelm li dch l th (stalk) tc th c thi chng?. Chu Hi ging: Hai thin trong Kinh Thi gm tt c 192 ho dng v 192 ho m. Nh tit trn ni, s ca qu Cn l 216, vy s ca mi ho qu Cn , tc mi ho dng l 216 : 6 = 36; s ca qu Khn l 144, vy s ca mi ho qu Khn, tc mi ho m l 144 6 = 24. Tng s 192 ho dng l 36 x 192 = 6.912; tng s 192 ho m l 24 x 192 = 4.608 . Cng c dng ln m c: 6.912 + 4.608 = 11.520. S 11.520 hp vi s ca vn vt l ngha lm sao? Chng ti khng hiu. C l ngi Trung Hoa thi cho rng trong v tr c khong mt vn mt loi chng? 6. Th c t doanh nhi thnh Dch, thp hu bt bin nhi thnh qui. Dch: cho nn bn ln m thnh mt ln bin, mi tm ln bin mi thnh mt qu. Ch thch: Theo Chu Hi, bn ln tro trn l : 1 chia b 50 th c th lm hai; 2 b mt th ra, cn 49 th; 3 m nhng th bn tay tri, c bn mt, kp s th cn li: 4 m nhng th bn tay mt, c bn mt, kp s th cn li. Nh vy c mt ln bin. Ba ln bin nh vy thnh mt ho; mi tm ln bin thnh su ho tc mt qu trng. 7. Bt qui nhi tiu thnh. Dch: c tm qu n ri th gi l tiu thnh Ch thch: Ba ln bin th thnh mt ho: khi thnh ba ho th c mt qu n; c tm qu n th gi l tiu thnh. Chng ti on rng khi bi c qu n th nht, tc ni qui, nh vy gi l tiu thnh (s hon thnh nh). Ri khi c tip qu n th nh, tc ngoi qui, lc mi c mt trng qui on, m gi l i thnh chng? Coi li on H ng th bin phn I cui Chng IV. 8. Dn nhi thn chi, xc loi nhi trng chi, thin h chi nng s tt h. Dch: c nh vy m tip tc m trng ra, tip xc vi tng loi m khai trin ra th gm tm ht c mi vic c th xy ra trong thin h.
Ch thch: Chu Hi ging: thnh su ho ri th xem ho c bin hay khng m bit ng tnh, mt qu c th bin thnh 64 qu (do s bin ng ca mt ho hay nhiu ho ), v 64 qu thnh ra 64 x 64 = 4.096 ht thy (S 4.096 qu ny din c tt c cc vic xy ra trong i). 9. Hin o, thn c hnh, thi c kh d th tc, kh d hu thn h. Dch: Kinh Dch lm r rt ci o v lm cho c hnh c ci g nh huyn b (thn, cho nn c th gip chng ta (thch) ng c vi bin c v gip c thn linh na (hoc gip cho ci cng thn ho). Ch thch: Tit ny ti ngha. Chng ti theo R. Wilhelm v J. Legge cho ch thn l ng t nh ch hin , v dch nh trn. Nguyn Duy Tinh (sch dn) cho thn l danh t nh c hnh v dch l: Lm r rt o, thn, c, hnh nn c th cng ng i, cng gip cho ci cng thn ho vy. 10. T vit: Tri bin ho chi o gi, k tri thn chi s vi h? Dch: Thy (Khng) ni: ai bit c o bin ho th bit c vic lm ca thn chng? (Chng ny ni v s mu nhim ca nhng con s v v php bi, chng ti cng dch trn c gi thy Kinh Dch t i Hn bt i tnh cch trit m mang tnh huyn b ra sao).
Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) CHNG X 1. Dch hu thnh nhn chi o t yn. D ngn gi thng k t, d ng gi thng k bin, d ch kh gi thng k tng, d bc ph gi thng k chim. Dch: Kinh Dch c bn ci o ca thnh nhn. Khi ni nng, ta theo (1) li t (qui t, ho t), khi hnh ng ta tun theo l bin ho trong kinh ; khi ch to dng, chng ta phng theo nhng hnh tng trong kinh , khi bi ton ta nghe li gii on. Ch thch: (1) Nguyn vn: thng l chung. Tit ny k bn cng dng ca Dch. 2. Th d qun t tng hu vi d, tng hu hnh d, vn yn nhi d ngn. K th mnh d nh hng, v hu vin cn, u thm, toi tri lai vt. Phi thin h chi ch tinh, k thc nng d th? Dch: Cho nn ngi qun t sp lm hay tin hnh vic g th dng li (Khn? ) m hi Dch. Dch nhn c li hi v tr li nhanh nh ting vang. Khng k xa gn su ti, Dch cng bit c ci g s xy ra. (Nu Dch) khng phi l ci g rt tinh vi trong thin h th u lm c nh vy? (Nguyn vn l: lm sao d c vo vic y?) . 3. Tham ng d bin, thc tng k s. Thng k bin toi thnh thin a chi vn, cc k s toi nh thin h chi tng. Phi thin h chi ch bin, k thc nng d
th? Dch: Ly s ba s nm m m (hoc lm ba ln nm ln) tm mt s bin thi thnh c ci vn v ca tri t, tng n cc im cc s th nh c ht cc hnh tng trong thin h. (Nu Dch) khng l ci g rt bin ho trong thin h th u lm c nh vy? Ch thch: Tit ny kh hiu, mi sch ging mt khc. i cng ch l cao cng dng huyn diu ca Dch. 4. Dch v t d, v vi d, tch nhin bt ng, cm nhi toi thng thin h chi c. Phi thin h chi ch thn k thc nng d th? Dch: dch khng ngh ngi g c, khng lm g c, yn lng, khng ng; n ch cm m thu c cc bin c trong thin h. Nu n khng phi l ci thn diu tt bc trong thin h th u lm c nh vy? Ch thch: Phan Bi Chu b c 4 tit trn, Tit 4 ny c h mang t tng v vi ca Lo. 5. Ph Dch thnh nhn chi s d cc thm nhi nghin c d. Dch: Thnh nhn nh Dch m bit c su v xt c tinh vi (t khi s vic mi manh nha). 6. Duy thm d c nng thng thin h chi ch, duy c d c nng thnh thin h chi v, duy thn d c bt tt nhi tc, bt hnh nhi ch. Dch: ch nh bit c su nn mi thng hiu c ci ch ca thin h, ch nh xt c tinh vi nn mi hon thnh c mi vic trong thin h. Ch nh thn diu cho nn khng vi vng m ho ra mau chng, khng i m n c. Ch thch: Phan Bi Chu ch dch hai tit trn, cn th b ht. 7. T vit: dch hu thnh nhn chi o t yn gi, th chi v d. Dch: Thy (Khng) ni: Kinh Dch c bn ci o ca thnh nhn l th y. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) CHNG XI 1. T vit: Ph Dch h vi d gi? Ph dch khai vt thnh v, mo thin chi o, nh t nhi d gi d. Th c thnh nhn d thng thin h chi ch, d nh thin h chi nghip, d on thin h chi nghi Dch: Thy (Khng) ni: o dch lm g vy? m mang tr v ch cho loi ngi, to thnh mun vic; gm ht cc o l trong thin h, ch c vy m thi. Cho nn thnh nhn dng n thng ci ch ca thin h, thnh tu nhng vic trong thin h, quyt on s ng vc trong thin h.? 2. Th c thi chi c vin nhi thn, qui chi c phng d tr, lc ho chi ngha dch d cng. Thnh nhn d th ty tm, thoi tng mt, ct hung d dn ng lon, thn d tri lai, tr d tng vng. K thc nng d th? C chi thng minh du tr, thn v nhi bt st gi ph? Dch: Ci c ca c thi trn tra (bin ho, khng nht nh) m thn diu, ci c ca qu bi vung vc (nht nh) m sng sut, ci ngha ca su ho bin
i ch bo chng ta. Thnh nhn dng ba c y m ra lng (cho trong sch), lc v s th ct giu o c y y lng, lc hu s th bit c tt xu m vi dn cng vui, cng lo, (va) , thn minh bit trc vic s ti (va) sng sut cha ct nhng kinh nghim c. Ai c th c nh vy? Chc ch c nhng c nhn thng minh sng sut dng uy v mt cch thn diu m chng tn st (1) l c vy thi. Ch thch: (1) My ch thn v nhi bt st chng ti dch theo Phan Bi Chu. Chu Hi ging l hp l m khng i vt no. Wilhelm dch l ci thn quyn khng gim ca mnh. 3. Th d minh thin chi o nhi st dn chi c, th hng thn vt d tin dn dng. Thnh nhn d th trai gii d thn minh k c ph. Dch: cho nn (thnh nhn) lm r o tri m hiu nguyn c (tnh cnh?) ca dn, mi to thn vt (tc bi Dch), dn lc cn ti th dng. V th m thnh nhn (khi lm vic phi) trai gii cho c ca mnh c thn diu, sng t. Ch thch: tit ny Phan Bi Chu li b. 4. Th c hp h v chi Khn, tch h v chi Cn. Nht hp nht tch chi bin, vng lai bt cng chi v thng, hin ni v chi tng, hnh ni v chi kh, ch nhi dng chi v chi php, li dng xut nhp, dn hm dng chi v chi thn. Dch: ng ca gi l Khn (v kh m khn c tnh cch thu lim, ct (giu), m ca gi l Cn (kh dng Cn ngc li vi kh m). Mt ln ng, mt ln m gi l bin, qua li khng ngng gi l thng; l bin thng khi hin ra s vt th gi l tng; m phng ci tng m to ra hnh th gi l dng, cch ch m dng gi l php; khi ra khi vo (ngha l trong i sng hng ngy) mi ngi u dng n, nh vy mi gi l thn (vn nng). 5. Th c Dch hu thi cc, th sinh lng nghi, lng nghi sinh t tng, t tng sinh bt qui. Dch: dch c thi cc, thi cc sinh ra lng nghi, Lng nghi sinh ra t tng, t tng sinh ra bt qui. Ch thch: Nhng t ng lng nghi, t tng c ging phn I, Chng I. Quan nim thi cc, thi Vn Vng, Chu Cng cha c, thi Chin quc hay Hn mi xut hin; ti i tng li thm quan nim v cc na (cc tit t y tr xung, Phan Bi Chu u b). 6. Bt qui nh ct hung, ct hung sinh i nghip. Dch: Tm qu nh ct hung, c ct hung ri sinh ra nghip ln. 7. Th c php tng mc i h thin a; bin thng mc i h t thi; huyn tng tr minh mc i h nht nguyt; sng cao mc i h ph qu, b vt tr dng, lp (1) thnh kh d vi thin h li, mc i h thnh nhn; thm trch sch n, cu thm tr vin d nh thin h ch ct hung, thnh thin h chi v v gi, mc i h thi qui. Dch: Lm mu mc v hnh tng (2) th khng g ln bng tri t, v bin thng thi khng g ln bng bn ma, v hnh tng treo trn tri v sng r th khng g ln bng mt tri mt trng; c tn sng, cao c th khng g ln hn giu sang (3) chun b s vt dng, to lp (1) kh c lm li cho thin h th khng ai ln hn thnh nhn; d ci thm u, tm ci kn o, thu ci su, t c ci xa, m nh s ct hung cho thin h khin cho thin h u gn gi (4), th khng g bng c thi v ym ra.
Ch thch: (1) Chu Hi ng rng sau ch lp ny, st mt ch. (2) Wilhelm dch php tng l hnh tng thit yu nht. (3) Chu Hi ch thch: giu sang y tr ngi vua v vua c c thin h v qu nht trong thin h. (4) Chu Hi ging: khi ng vc th ngi ta khng ham lm, nh bi m ngi ta tin tng, quyt nh, lc mi c gng. 7. Th c thin sinh thn vt, thnh nhn tc chi; thin a bin ho, thnh nhn hiu chi; thin thy tng, hin ct hung, thnh nhn tng chi; H xut , Lc xut th, thnh nhn tc chi. Dch: Cho nn tri sinh ra thn vt (H , Lc th) th thnh nhn p dng theo; tri t bin ho th thnh nhn bt chc; tri by ra hnh tng, hin ra tt xu th thnh nhn phng theo m ny ra tng; sng Hong H hin ra bc , sng Lc hin ra hnh ch (lc th) th thnh nhn p dng theo. 9. Dch hu t tng s d th d; h t yn s d co d; nh chi d ct hung s d on d. Dch: Dch c t (1) tng cho ngi ta thy, c nhng li (on) ghp vo (mi qu, mi ho) ch cho ngi ta ngha li nh th no l tt l xu ngi ta quyt on. Ch thch: (1) R. Wilhelm khng dch ch t ny, c l. Coi ch thch tit 2 Chng sau. (Chng ny cao dch v phng din bi ton, khng c t tng g su sc. ) Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) CHNG XII 1. Dch vit: T thin hu chi, v bt li. T vit: Hu gi tr d. Thin chi s tr gi thun, nhn chi s tr gi tn. L tn, t h thun, hu d thng hin d, th d t thin hu chi; ct, v bt li d Dch: Kinh Dch (qu i hu, ho 6, Ho t) ni: t tri ph h (hu) cho; tt; khng c g l khng li Thy (Khng) ni: Ph h (hu) ngha l gip (tr). Ai thun vi o tri th tri gip cho; ai c lng thnh tn vi ngi th ngi gip cho. Gi lng thnh tn vi ngi, ngh n s thun o tri, li bit trong ngi hin, nh vy th c tri ph h cho; tt; khng c g l khng li. Ch thch: Tit ny lc lng trong Chng ny, c l do sp th ln; vo cui chng VIII th phi hn. 2. T vit: Th bt tn ngn, ngn bt tn , nhin tc thnh nhn chi k bt kh kin h? T vit (1): Thnh nhn lp tng d tn , thit qui d tn tnh ngy, h t yn d tn k ngn, bin nhi thng chi d tn li, c chi v chi d tn thn. Dch: thy (Khng) ni: Sch khng ni ht li, li khng din ht , vy th ci ca thnh nhn khng th thy ht c sao? Thy (Khng) ni: Thnh nhn t
ra tng (2) din ht , t ra qu din ht s thc hay gi, t ra li (on) ghp vo (mi qu, mi ho) ni ht li, bin thng dng cho ht ci li, c v a ra ht ci thn diu. Ch thch: (1) tit ny dng hai ln ch T vit (Thy Khng ni); chc c mt ln tha. (2) So cu ny vi tit cui chng trc, chng ta thy rt ging nhau, nhng tit trn vit: t tng; tit ny khng c ch t. Chng ti ngh b ch t ngha rng hn v ng hn: tng: y l tng ca 8 n qui hay 64 trng qui ch khng phi l t tng 3. Cn, Khn, k Dch chi un da? Cn, Khn thnh lit nhi Dch lp h k trung h. Cn, Khn hy tc v d kin dch. Dch bt kh kin tc Cn, Khn hoc c h tc h. Dch: Cn, Khn (1) l ci su kn (2) ca o Dch chng? Cn, Khn thnh hng ri m o Dch lp nn trong (3). Cn, Khn b ph (4) th cn g thy o Dch na. Dch khng thy c th c h Cn, Khn khng thi hnh c. Ch thch: (1) Cn, Khn y nn hiu l dng, m. (2) Un (Su kn) Chu Hi hiu l cha ng. (3) Cn, Khn thnh hng l mun ni v vic vch qu, nh ngi cho mi ho m, dng. (4) Cn, Khn b ph l mun ni: khng vch qu, khng nh ngi cho mi ho m, dng c. C ba tit trn, Phan Bi Chu u b. 4. Th c hnh nhi thng gi v chi o; hnh nhi h gi v chi kh; ho nhi ti chi v chi bin; suy nhi hnh chi v chi thng; c nhi th chi thin h chi dn v chi s nghip. Dch: Cho nn ci c trc khi c hnh (hnh nhi thng, nay chng ta gi l siu hnh) th gi l o; ci g c t khi c hnh th gi l kh (ch kh ny ngha l dng, l c hnh nht nh. C cng dng thy c); nhn ci t nhin sp thay i m ti ch n th gi l bin (1), suy t vic ny ra vic khc m lm th gi l thng; em ra thi th cho mi ngi trong thin h th gi l s nghip. Ch thch: (1) V d ho 6 qu Cn l ht thi thnh cc ti suy, mnh rt lui trc th trnh c tai ho. 5. Tit ny y ht tit 1 v 2 Chng VIII, nn khng cn dch li. Tit ny v tit 6 di, Phan Bi Chu u b. 6. Cc thin h chi trch gi tn h qui, c thin h chi ng gi tn h t. Dch: Din n cng cc ci phc tp, su kn trong thin h l cc qu, c v s hot ng trong thin h l li on. 7. Ho nhi ti chi tn h bin; suy nhi hnh chi tn h thng, thn nhi minh chi tn h k nhn; mc nhi thnh chi bt ngn nhi tn tn h c hnh. Dch: Nhn ci t nhin sp thay i m ti ch n l nh tinh thn bin ho; suy t vic ny ra vic khc m lm l nh tinh thn thng sut; lm cho (o Dch) thing ling m sng t l nh ngi; yn lng m lm nn, khng ni m (ngi khc) tin (mnh), l nh c hnh. Ch thch: tit ny nh b tc tit 4 trn, nn Phan Bi Chu dch c hai. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH
TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT H T TRUYN - THIN H Dch v ch thch H T TRUYN - THIN H - CHNG I 1. Bt qui thnh lit, tng ti k trung h; nhn nhi trng chi, ho ti k trung h. Dch: Bt qui thnh hng th tng c trong ; ri nhn m chng bt qui ln vi nhau (thnh 64 trng qui) th (su) ho c trong . Ch thch: Theo Chu Hi, bt qui sp thnh hng ngha l sp theo th t: Cn nht, oi nh, Ly ba, Chn bn (theo chiu nghch kim ng h), ri bt t : Tn l nm, theo chiu thun kim ng h, Khm su, Cn by, Khn tm. Coi hnh tin thin bt qui Phn I, Chng I. 2. Cng nhu tng thi, bin ti k trung h; h t yn nhi mnh chi, ng ti k trung h. Dch: Cng mm (tc nt dng, nt m) un y (thay ch) nhau m c s bin ho trong; li on tt. xu c (ghp) vo mi ho, m s ng ca ho s ra sao ch trong . Ch thch: ch ng y cng c th hiu l cch hnh ng (nn ra sao). 3. Ct hung hi ln gi sinh h ng gi d. Dch: tt xu, n nn v tic nhn ci ng trong qu v ho m thy. 4. Cng nhu gi lp bn d; bin thng gi th thi gi d. Dch: Cng mm (nt dng, nt m) c ngi nht nh sn nt dng nn ngi l: 1 , 3, 5 nt m nn ngi chn: 2, 4, 6) t ngi ny m i ra ngi kia phi theo i. Ch thch: tit ny ti ngha, mi nh hiu mt cch. Chng ti theo Chu Hi. 5. Ct hung gi, trinh thng gi d. Dch: Ct v hung lun lun thng ln nhau theo mt lut nht nh (v mt vic i, khng ct th hung, ht ct li hung, ht hung li ct, c thun l l tt, tri l l xu). Ch thch: Tit ny cng ti ngha. Ch trinh y Chu Hi ging l thng nht nh. R. Wilhelm ging l kin nhn, lu bn (perseverance, duration), mun ni l phi lu ri mi xoay chiu, ct bin ra hung hoc ngc li. 6. Thin a chi o trinh quan gi d; nht nguyt chi o trinh minh gi d; thin h chi ng trinh ph nht gi d. Dch: o tri t ch bo (quan) cho ta lut ; o mt tri mt trng sng t theo lut ; cc hot ng trong thin h cng theo mt lut m thi. Ch thch: R. Wilhelm dch khc: o tri t nh kin nhn m thy c (quan); o mt tri v mt trng nh kin nhn m sng; mi hot ng trong thin h nh kin nhn, lu m ging nhau, nh mt. 7. Ph Cn xc nhin th nhn d h; ph Khn i nhin th nhn gin h. Dch: o cn mnh m, ch cho ta ci d dng ca n; o khn nhu thun ch cho ngi ta ci n gin ca n.
8. Ho d gi hiu th gi d; tng d gi, tng th gi d. Dch: Ho (c l, chn) l bt chc o cn khn , tng l phng theo o cn, khn m din bng hnh tng. 9. Ho tng ng h ni, ct hung hin h ngoi. Cng nghip hin h bin, thnh nhn chi tnh hin h t. Dch: Ho v tng ng trong, m ct hung hin ra ngoi. Cng nghip hin ra s bin ho, m tnh ca thnh nhn hin ra li ging (qui t, ho t). 10. Thin a chi i c vit sinh, thnh nhn chi i bo vit v. H d th v? Vit nhn, H d t nhn? Vit ti, L ti chnh t cm dn vi phi vit ngha. Dch: c ln ca tri t l sinh (sinh sinh ho ho), ci rt qi ca thnh nhn l ci ngi. Nh ci g m gi c ngi (Nh iu nhn (1). Nh ci g m t hp c ngi li? Nh tin ca, iu khin (iu ho) ti chnh (tc cc sn phm nui dn), iu chnh li dy dn, li (dng php lut hin chng) cm dn lm by, nh vy l iu ngha. Ch thch: Ch nhn y, bn c l (ngi), cc bn ngy nay sa l (nhn t) . J. Legge v R. Wilhelm u dch theo bn c. Bn c cho rng phi c ngi mi gi c nc, c ngi cho thnh nhn; v li hiu nhn l ngi th mi lin vi cu sau: H d t nhn . . . (C chng ny, Phan Bi Chu ch dch mi tit th 10 ny thi). Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG II 1. C gi Bo Hi th chi vng thin h d, ngng tc quan tng thin, ph tc quan php a, quan im th chi vn d thin a chi nghi, cn th ch thn, vin th ch vt, th thy tc bt qui d thng thn minh ch c, d loi vn vt chi tnh. Dch: Ngy xa h Bo Hi (tc Phc Hi) cai tr thin h, ngng ln th xem cc hnh tng trn tri, ci xung th xem cc php tc di t, xem cc vn v ca chim mung cng nhng thch nghi vi tri t (ca tng min). Gn th ly thn mnh, xa th ly vt, ri lm ra bt qui thng sut ci c thn minh v iu ho ci tnh ca vn vt. Ch thch: Phan Bi Chu ch dch tit ny v tit 5, cn th b ht. 2. Tc kt thng vi vng c, d in d ng, ci th chi Ly. Dch: (Bo Hi)Tht dy m lm ra ci r, ci li sn th, nh c, l ly tng ca qu ly. Ch thch: Vy l Bao Hi phng theo mt ci g trong thin nhin m vch ra qu Ly ri li phng theo qu Ly m to ra ci li? 3. Bo Hi th mt, Thn Nng th tc, tc mc vi t (cng c l c hoc t), nhu mc vi li, li nu chi li, d gio thin h, ci th ch ch. Dch: H Bo Hi mt. ti khi h thn Nng dy ln, o g lm ci li cy, un g lm ci cn cy, em ci li ca ci cy, ci ba dy cho thin h, l ly tng
qu ch. 4. Nht trung vi th, tr thin h chi dn, t thin h chi ho, giao dch nhi thoi, cc c k s, ci th chi Ph hp. Dch: Mt tri ng bng th hp ch, khin dn trong thin h t li trao i hng ho vi nhau xong ri v, ai cng c nh , l ly tng qu ph hp. 5. Thn Nng th mt, Hong , Nghiu Thun th tc, thng k bin, s dn bt quyn, thn nhi ho chi, s dn nghi chi. Dch cng tc bin, bin tc thng, thng tc cu. Th d t nhin hu chi ct, v bt li. Hong , Nghiu, Thun thy y thng nhi thin h tr, ci th ch Cn, Khn. Dch: H Thn Nng mt ri cc h Hong , Nghu, Thun, ni ln tip tc s bin i, khin cho dn khng bun chn (v nhng vic c); cch bin i ca cc ng y thn diu. Khin cho dn vui lng thch nghi. o dch l n lc cng tt phi bin, bin th thng, nh thng m c lu di. Th l t tri gip cho, tt, khng c g l chng li. Vua Hong , vua Nghiu, vua Thun r o (ngi yn trn ngi, khng lm g c) m thin h c tr, l ly tng qu Cn, qu Khn. 6. Kh mc vi chu, dim mc vi tip. Chu tip chi li d t bt thng tr vin d li thin h, ci th ch Hon. Dch: X g lm thuyn, o g lm mi cho. Ci ch li ca thuyn, cho l c phng tin giao thng, ti nhng ni xa c, lm li cho thin h; l ly tng qu Hon. Ch thch: Chu Hi ng rng nhng ch tr vin d li thin h (ti nhng ni xa c, lm li cho thin h) l tha. 7. Phc ngu tha m, dn trng tr vin d li thin h, ci th ch Ty. Dch: nh b ci nga ch nng n xa, lm li cho thin h, l ly tng qu Ty. 8. Trng mn kch thc d i bo khch, ci th ch D. Dch: ng hai ln ca, nh m bo ng k cp, l ly tng qu D. 9. on mc vi ch, qut a vi cu; cu ch chi li vn dn d t, ci th ch Tiu qu. Dch: o g lm chy, o t lm ci; ci ch li ca ci chy l gip nhn dn, l ly tng qu Tiu qu. 10. Huyn mc vi h, dim mc vi th; h ch chi li d uy thin h, ci th ch Khu. Dch: Dng dy un g thnh cung, o g lm tn; dng ci li ca cung tn lm uy vi thin h, l ly tng qu Khu. 11. Thng c huyt c nhi d x; hu th thnh nhn dch chi d cung tht, thng ng h v d i phong v, ci th chu i trng. Dch: Thi thng c ngi ta (ma ng) trong hang (ma h) gia ng; thnh nhn i sau mi thay bng nh ca, trn c n nc, di c mi che phng lc ma gi l ly ci tng qu i trng. 12. C chi tng gi, hu chi d tn, tng chi trung d, bt phong bt th; tang k v s; hu th thnh nhn dch chi d quan quch, ci th ch i qu. Dch: Thi xa, chn ct ngi cht th ly ci b mt lp dy chung quanh ri chn gia ng, khng p m cng khng trng cy; tang bao lu khng hn nh; thnh nhn i sau thay i (cch thc), dng o quan v quch, l ly tng qu i qu.
13. Thng c kt thng nhi tr; hu th thnh nhn dch chi d th kh, bch quan d tr, vn dn d st, ci th ch Qui. Dch: Thi thng c tht nt dy ( ghi nh cc vic) m cai tr; thnh nhn i sau thay i (cch thc), dng vn t, kh c, m cai tr trm quan, kim sot dn chng, l ly tng qu Qui. * Ch thch: Tc gi chng ny cho ta thy mt cng dng bt ng ca Kinh Dch, bo n l ngun gc ca vn minh, bao nhiu pht minh thi thng c t nh ca, ch vit, ti vic tr dn v b, phng cp, giao thng, chn ct . .. u do Kinh Dch m c c; v Phc Hi, Thn Nng . . .nhn xt cc hn tng trong v tr m t ra tm n qui v 64 trng qui tng trng mi s vt, ri li phng theo 64 trng qui to nn nn vn minh thi c. V d: Phc Hi nhn xt mt vt g trong v tr m to ra qu Ly ri phng theo hnh qu to ra li by th v nh ca. iu c ci g kh hiu. Sao khng ni rng Phc Hi nhn xt chng hn mt mng nhn ri ch to ngay ra chic li, m li phi qua giai on trung gian l qu Ly? Sau mi tit trong chng ny, Chu Hi thng gii thch c nhn mn no trong mt qu no to nn mt dng; nhng gii thch ca ng s si qu, khin cng na. Chng hn sau tit 8, v vic c nhn ng hai ln ca, nh m bo ng k cp, l ly tng qu D, ng bo d y l d b, phng; nhng thc ra, theo thon t (coi phn dch) th qu D c ngha l vui, ch khng c ngha l phng. Ch d c c hai ngha khc nhau xa . Trong phn Truyn (h t h truyn ny). Chu Hi dng mt ngha khc phn kinh (Thon t), nh vy l khin cng. R. Wilhelm khng bit theo sch no, dng tng ca qu gii thch k hn.: qu Li a D gm qu Chn c ngha l ng, trn qu Khn l t. Ho 3,4, 5 hp thnh qu H (1) Khm c ngha l nguy him; ho 2, 3, 4 hp thnh mt qu h na: qu Cn l ni. Qu Khn tng trng mt ci ca ng, m qu Cn cng c ngha l ci ca; vy l c hai ln ca. qu khm c ngha l n trm. Bn kia ca, c ng (qu Chn vi g (Chn l g) trong tay (Cn l tay) dng d b (tn qu: D cng c ngha l d b) chng li k trm (Sch dn tr.333). Cng rt khin cng: Chn l g, Cn l ca, l tay! V l nht l li ch gii ny ca Chu Hi: v qu Ph hp, Thn Nng mn ch ph lm ch th , ch hp lm ch hp (ngha l ly nhng ch pht m ging nhau nhiu t nh ph v th m thay cho nhau), do m ph hp ngha l cn hp li (coi qu Ph hp s 21) ho ra th hp ngha l hp ch. T mi c ch (th). Nhng trc khi Thn Nng t ra ch th lm g c ch th ng mn m thay cho ch ph? Cha c vt th lm sao c tn ch vt? Cn nh nu c ch th ri, c vic hp ch ri, th cn g phi mn hai ch ph hp to ra hai ch th hp na? Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH
TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG III 1. Th c Dch gi tng d; tng gi tng d. Dch: cho nn Dch l hnh tng: hnh tng l phng theo, l tng t. 2. Thon gi ti d. Dch: Thon (t) l ngha ca mi qu. (C ngi dch l ti liu ca mi qu) 3. Ho d gi, hiu thin chi ng gi d. Dch: Ho l phng theo cc bin ng trong thin h. 4. Th c ct hung sinh nhi hi ln tr d.. Dch: Cho nn tt xu sinh ra m s hi tic hin r. (chng ny khng din thm c g. Bn tit c th gom lm mt. Phan Bi Chu b c chng.) CHNG IV 1. Dng qui a m, m qui a dng, Dch : Trong qu dng c nhiu m, trong qu m c nhiu dng. Ch thch: nh cc qu Chn, Khm v Cn l dng m u c hai ho m, mt ho dng; nh cc qu Tn, Ly, oi l m m u c hai ho dng, mt ho m. 2. K c h d? Dng qui c, m qui ngu. Dch: Ti sao nh vy? Ti qu dng l, qu m chn. Ch thch: Chu Hi ging: qu ny dng l v c 5 nt (5 l s l), nh qu Khm c hai ho m, mi ho 2 nt, vi 1 g dng, 1 nt, cng l 5 nt; qu m chn v c 4 nt (4 l s chn) nh qu Ly c 2 ho dng, mi ho 1 nt, vi 1 ho m 2 nt, cng l 4 nt. C ngi ging theo lut: Chng d qu vi ch (coi li Phn I, chng IV: nh qu Khm c 2 ho m, 1 ho dng th ly ho dng, 1 ho m th ly ho m (t) lm ch, cho nn gi l qu m. R. Wilhelm ging mt cch khc na, rc ri, ti khng chp li. (coi sch dn tr.337). 3. K c hnh h d? Dng nht qun nhi nh dn, qun t chi o d; m nh qun nhi nht dn, tiu nhn chi o d. Dch: c hnh (1) ca nhng qu dng v m ra sao? Trong cc qu dng c mt vua (tc ho dng) v hai dn (tc ho m) hp vi o ca qun t; trong cc qu m c hai vua v mt dn, l o (thi , t cch) ca tiu nhn (2). Ch thch: (1) R Wilhelm c l hnh v dch c hnh l bn cht v hnh ng. (2) Th d theo chu Hi qu Khm 1 ho dng l 1 vua, 2 ho m l 2 dn; qu Ly hai d dng, 1 ha m l 2 vua, 1 dn. Nhng tit trn, Chu Hi ly s nt m
ging, y li ly s ho m ging, khng nht tr R. Wilhelm khng ging g c. Chng ny Phan Bi Chu cng b trn. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG V 1. Dch vit: xung xung (ng ng) vng lai, bng tng nh lai T vit Thin h h t h l, thin h ng qui nhi th , nht tr nhi bch l, thin h h t h l? Dch: Kinh dch (ho 4 qu Hm) ni: (Trong vic giao thip m) lng xng, tnh ton c qua c li vi nhau th nhng ngi qua li vi anh ch l nhng ngi anh ngh ti m thi ( mun ni s bn khng ng, on th khng ln c). Thy (Khng) ging: o l trong thin h cn g phi ngm ngh bng ring (t), tnh ton bng mo vt (l), v thin h ng i tuy khc nhau m qui kt th y nh nhau: tnh ton trm li m cui cng ch tm vo mt l, (l l c cm th c ng, ng li gy ra cm), cn g phi ngm ngh bng ring, tnh ton bng mo vt. 2. Nht vng tc nguyt lai, nguyt vng tc nht lai, nht nguyt tng thi nhi minh sinh yn; hn vng tc th lai, th vng tc hn lai, hn th tng thi nhi tu thnh yn; vng gi khut d, lai gi thn (1) d, khut thn tng cm nhi li sinh yn. Dch: y vn tip li Khng t trong tit trn). (T nh) mt tri qua th mt trng li, mt trng qua th mt tri li, mt tri mt trng (cm ng nhau) x y nhau m nh sng pht ra; ma lnh qua th ma nng li, ma nng qua th ma lnh li, lnh nng (cm ng nhau) x y nhau m thnh ra nm thng; ci qua co rt li, ci sp ti ui di ra, co rt (khut), dui di (thn), hai ci cm ng vi nhau m ch li mi ny ra. Ch thch: (1) ch y c l thn v dng nh ch l dui. 3. xch onh (c ngi c l quc hay hoch) chi khut d cu thn d; long x chi trp d tn thn d; tinh ngha nhp thn d tr dng d; li dng an thn d sng c d. Dch: (Cng vn tip li Khng t). con su o co li l ri dui ra: con rng con rn np (di vc, di t) l gi mnh. (Ngi qun t ) tm hiu ngha l ti ch tinh v, vo ti c ch thn diu l c cng dng cc k (m lp nn s nghip); li dng s an nh tm thn l cho c c cao qu. 4. qu th d vng, v chi hoc tri d; cng thn tri ho, c chi thnh d. Dch ; (Cng vn tip li Khng t). (Khi ci c cao qu ri) t m tin ln mi th s t ti mc m ngi thng kh trc lng c; v lc cc k thn diu, bit ht l bin ho ri, thnh c rt thnh ri (ti y mi ht li ging ho 4 qu Hm ca Khng t) .
5. Dch vit: Khn vu thch, c vu tt l, nhp vu k cung, bt kin k th, hung T vit: Phi s khn nhi khn yn, danh tt nhc; phi s c nhi c yn, thn tt nguy; K nhc th nguy, t k tng chi, th k kh c kin da? Dch: Kinh Dch (ho 3 qu Khn ) ni: Nh mt ngi) b khn v (dn trn tc ho 4 coi phn dch 64 qu) m li da vo cy tt l (mt loi cy gai) (tc ho 2 di), v nh th li khng thy v (tr ho 6 trn), xu . Thy (Khng) ging: Khng phi ch ng b khn m mnh b khn th danh t b nhc; khng phi ch ng da m mnh da vo th thn mnh tt b nguy; b nhc li b nguy th sp cht ti ni, cn thy sao c v na. Ch thch: V nh khng thy v, ch c mun ni rng nguy n cng cc ri, d ngi thn cng khng cu mnh c. Ho ny rt xu. Coi li phn dch qu Khn. 6. Dch vit: Cng dng thic (1) chun vu cao dung chi thng, hoch chi, v bt li. T vit: chun gi cm d, cung th gi kh d, thic chi gi nhn d. Qun t tng kh thn, i thi nhi ng, h bt li chi hu? ng nhi bt qut, th d xut nhi hu hoch, ng thnh kh nhi ng gi d. Dch: Kinh Dch (ho 6 qu Gii) ni: Mt v cng nhm bn cho chim chun trn bc tng cao. Bn c, khng c g l khng li. Thy (Khng) ging: Chun l mt loi chim, cung tn l dng, k bn l ngi. Ngi qun t cha sn dng (ti c) trong mnh, i thi m hot ng, th c g m chng li? Hot ng m khng b chng ngi th ra lm tt thnh cng: mun ni phi c dng ri hot ng (cho ng lc) Ch thch: (1) Ch y c l thic, nhng c ngi c l x. Ngha khng khc nhau my: x l thut bn mi tn i xa, thic l nhm mt bn mt con vt. 7. T vit: Tiu nhn bt s bt nhn, bt y bt ngha, bt kin li bt khuyn, bt uy bt trng. Tiu trng nhi i gii, tiu nhn chi phc d. Dch vit: L gio dit ch, v cu, th chi v d. Dch: Thy (Khng) ni: K tiu nhn (ngi t cch, o c thp km) khng xu h v iu bt nhn, khng s iu bt ngha, khng thy li th khng gng sc, khng thy ci uy (s trng tr) th khng rn mnh. Nu h mi c ti nh m b trng tr ngay th bit rn e m khng mc ti ln, l phc cho h . Kinh dch ni: V nh mc chn vo ci cm m t ngn chn ci (khng c ti ln) (1) l ngha vy. Ch thch: (1) cu ny l li ho 1 qu Ph Hp (mt qu v hnh ngc) c ngha l: Mi lm by m b trng tr nh ngay (cm chn cht ngn chn ci) th s s php m sau khng lm iu c na, khng c li ln. 8. Thin bt tch bt tc d thnh danh; c bt tch bt tc d dit thn. Tiu nhn d tiu thin vi v ch nhi pht vi d, d tiu c vi v thng nhi pht kh d; c c tch nhi bt kh ym, ti i nhi bt kh gii. Dch vit: H gio dit nh, hung. Dch: Khng tch ly c nhiu iu thin th khng c danh ting c, khng tch ly nhiu iu c th khng n ni b dit thn th. K tiu nhn cho rng mt iu thin nh l v ch nn khng lm, mt iu c nh l v hi nn c lm; v vy m cc iu c c tch ly ti lc khng che giu c na, ti ho ln m khng th tha c. Kinh dch ni: C tra vo gng, b ti ct tai, xu (1) Ch thch: (1) Cu ny l li ho 6 qu Ph Hp. y l mt ti ln, hnh pht
nng (eo gng, ct tai) ri, cho nn xu hn ho 1, mi b cm chn v cht ngn chn ci thi. Ch y c l h ngha l vc nh ch . Tit ny tip tit trn, cng l li ca Khng t. 9. T vit: Nguy gi an k v gi d; vong gi bo k tn gi d; lon gi hu k tr gi d. Th c qun t an nhi bt vong nguy, tn nhi bt vong vong, tr nhi bt vong lon. Th d nhn an nhi quc gia kh bo d dch vit: K vong, k vong, h vu bao tang. Dch: thy (Khng) ni: S d n ni nguy l v mnh chc gi yn c v ca mnh(1); s d n ni mt l v mnh chc bo tn c; s d n ni lon l v mnh chc s c cch tr c ( mun ni khng phng trc). Cho nn ngi qun t (ngi c ti c, sng sut) khi yn n th khng qun rng s c th nguy; khi vng th khng qun rng s c th mt; khi tr th khng qun rng s c th lon. Nh vy m thn an, nc vng Kinh Dch ni: C th mt y, c th mt y: Bit lo trc nh vy th s nghip mnh mi vng nh buc vo mt cm du( 2) (cy du nhiu r n su di t, rt kh nh. Ch thch: (1) Cu ny cng c ngi dch l: Ci nguy lm cho yn ngi, tc: ng qun ci nguy th mi gi yn c ci ngi. Hai cu sau cng vy. (2) y l li Ho 5 qu B. 10. T vit: c bc nhi v tn, tr tiu nhi mu i, tiu nhi nhim trng, tin bt cp hi. Dch vit: nh chit tc, phc cng tc, k hnh c, hung Ngn bt thng k nhim d. Dch: thy (Khng) ni: c mng m ngi tn, tr nh m mu ln, sc yu m gnh nng, th t khi trnh c (tai nn). kinh Dch ni: chn vc gy, nh thc n ca nh cng hu m b hnh pht nng, xu (1) Li ni v ci ho khng gnh ni trch nhim. Ch thch: (1) y l Ho 4 qu nh. Hai ch hnh c chng ti theo Phan Bi Chu m dch nh trn. C cho rng sch Chu L c ch c tru , tr mt hnh pht nng. Cc sch khc u dch l thn mnh b t vy v thc n tung te. 11. T vit: Tri c k thn h! Qun t thng giao bt sim, h giao bt c, k tri c h! C gi ng chi vi, ct chi tin kin gi d. Qun t kin c nhi tc, bt s chung nht, Dch vit: gii vu thch, bt chung nht, trinh ct. Gii nh thch yn, ninh dng chung nht, on kh thc h. Qun t tri vi, tri chng, tri nhu, tri cng, vn phu chi vng. Dch: thy (Khng) ni: Bit trc c ci triu chng (t khi mi c du hiu) th qu l thn diu. Ngi qun t giao tip vi ngi trn th khng nnh, vi k di th khng nhn, l bit trc ci triu chng vy. Triu chng l ci du hiu u tin rt nh ca s bin ng, ct(1) (hay hung) cha hin m thy c. Ngi qun t thy trc triu chng m ng ph ngay, khng i cho ti ht ngy. Kinh Dch ni: Ch bn chc nh , chng i ti ht ngy (m ng ph ngay), chnh nh, bn vng, tt (2) Ch bn chc nh th chng cn i ti ht ngy, v phn on rnh r ri (3). Ngi qun t bit c lc cn l m, lc r rt, bit lc no nn nhu, lc no nn cng. V vy m vn ngi trng vo mnh. Ch thch: (1) C bn thm ch hung y. (2) y l li Ho 2 qu D. (3) R. Wilhelm dch l : li on (qu) c th bit c ri(?).
12. T vit: Nhan th chi t k i th c h! Hu bt thin v thng bt tri, tri chi v thng phc hnh d. Dch vit: Bt vin phc v k hi, nguyn, ct. Dch: thy (Khng) ni: Ngi con h Nhan (tc Nhan Hi) chng? Nu anh y c lm li g th bit ngay, bit ri th khng mc ln th nh na (1) Kinh dch ni: tuy lm li nhng thi gian chng xa, tr li tt lnh ngay, th khng n ni n nn ln; rt tt (2). Ch thch: (1) Sch Lun Ng, thin Ung d, bi 2, Khng t khen Nhan Hi 1 bt nh qu, khng mc mt li no ti ln th hai. (2) y l li ho 1 qu Phc. 13. Thin a nhn hun, vn vt ho thun; nam n cu tinh, vn vt ho sinh. Dch vit: Tam nhn hnh tc tn nht nhn, nht nhn hnh tc c k hu. Ngn tr nht d Dch: (C l thiu hai ch t vit u tit ny). Tri t (tc m dng) giao cm m vn vt ho ra c hnh (?) ging c ging ci kt hp tinh kh m vn vt sinh n bin ho. Kinh Dch ni: Ba ngi cng i th bt i mt ngi, mt ngi i (mt mnh) th c thm bn (1) l ni v l duy nht (2). Ch thch: (1) y l li Ho 3 qu Tn. (2) chng ti cha thy sch no ging cu ny cho thng. Chu Hi khng ging. R. Wilhelm khng dch. Chng ti dch gng nh vy, ng rng tc gi mun ni lut duy nht trong v tr l vt g cng phi c i, l iu kin sinh sinh ho ho ca vn vt. 14. T vit: Qun t an k thn nhi hu ng, d (1) k tm nhi hu ng, nh k giao nhi hu cu. Qun t tu th tam gi, c ton d. Nguy d ng tc dn bt d d, c d ng tc dn bt ng d, v giao nhi cu tc dn bt d d. Mc chi d tc thng chi gi ch h. Dch vit: Mc ch chi, hoc kch chi, lp tm vt hng, hung? Dch: thy (Khng) ni: Ngi qun t lm cho thn mnh c an n ri sau mi hnh ng (nu khng th l to ng, nng ny, hp tp); khin cho lng mnh bnh d ri sau mi ni thuyt phc ngi khc (nu khng th l vng ng); lm cho giao tnh c bn ri sau mi yu cu (nu khng th l vng v, s tht bi). Ngi qun t trau gii ba iu nn c trn vn, yn n. Nu trong cnh nguy m vi hnh ng th dn khng tin mnh; cn s hi m vi hnh ng th dn khng hng ng; giao tnh cha c bn m vi yu cu th dn s t chi. Khng ai biu ng tnh vi mnh th ci hi s ti ngay. Kinh Dch ni: Khng ai lm ch cho mnh m c k kch mnh na, l v khng gi c hng tm (lng lun lun tt); xu (1). Ch thch: (1) y l Ho 5 qu ch. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG VI
1. T vit: Cn Khn, K dch chi mn da? Cn dng vt d, Khn m vt d. m dng hp c nhi cng nhu hu th, d th thin a chi son, d thng thn minh chi c Dch: Thy (Khng) ni: Cn, Khn l ca ca Dch chng? Cn i biu nhng vt thuc v dng, Khn i biu nhng vt thuc v m. c (tnh cch) ca m dng hp vi nhau m ho dng v ho nhu mi c thc th, nhn m suy trc c cng vic ca tri t v thng cm c c ca thn minh! 2. K xng danh d tp nhi bt vit. k k loi, k suy th chi da? Dch: Tn ca cc qu tuy ln xn nhng ngha (?) khng trt ra ngoi (s bin ho ca m dng) khi xt v li on ca mi qu th Dch l mi suy t (ca thnh nhn) trong mt i lon chng? (tc ca Vn vng thi vua Tr). Ch thch: tit ny rt ti ngha cc sch u chm cu sau ch vit. Duy Phan Bi Chu l cho cu i lin ti ch loi ri mi chm. Ch loi mi nh hiu mt khc: Phan Bi Chu khng dch, Chu HI khng ging, J. Legge hiu l bn cht v cch thc ca cc li on. R. Wilhelm hiu l hon cnh. 3. Ph Dch chng vng nhi st lai, nhi vi hin (1) trin u; khai nhi (2) ng danh bin vt, chnh ngn, on t, tc b h. Dch: Dch lm r ci qua m xt ci sp ti, lm sng t ci kn o, m ci b mt. (Vn Vng) khai trin hnh tng (hay ngha), phn bit mi vt ng vi tn ca chng; ngn c chnh, li on c nh ri, th l (Kinh Dch) y . Ch thch: (1) Ba ch nhi vi hin, ng l lm; vi hin nhi (trin u) th phi hn. (2) ch nhi y cng ng l lm. V hai ch ng ng nh vy nn tit ny kh hiu, m Phan Bi Chu khng dch. Chng ti dch theo J. Legge m J.Legge cng ch on phng thi. 4. K xng danh d tiu, k th loi d i, k ch vin, k t vn, k ngn khc nhi trng, k s t nhi n, nhn nh d t dn hnh, d minh tht c chi bo. Dch: V s t tn trong Dch th ti c nhng vt rt nh (hay tm thng), m bao gm c nhng loi rt ln (nhu thin a, m dng, v tr)(1), ngha ca Dch su xa m li th vn v, li (ging) ngot ngoo m ng s vic, trnh by r rng m thm iu, u n, nhn lng dn c iu nghi ng (nh) m gip dn v c hnh, (bng cch) t cho dn thy r s bo ng v vic hng hay c (tc hu qu ca hnh ng tt hay xu). Ch thch: (1) Cu u ny R. Wilhelm dch l: Nhng tn ( gi cc qu) c v khng quan trng nhng kh nng p dng th ln; J. Legge dch l: Tn gi ch l vn nh mn, nhng cc loi s vt cha trong nhng tn th rng ln. (Chng ny ti ngha, c ch chp lm, m ngha cng khng c g su sc, ch l xt chung v bn th, cng dng ca Kinh Dch). Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG VII
1. Dch chi hng d, k trung c h? Tc Dch gi k hu u hon h? Dch: o dch hng thnh ln thi trung c chng? Ngi lm Dch c iu u t lo lng y chng? Ch thch: tit ny m ch thi Vn Vng, Vn Vng b Tr giam ngc Du L m t ra Thon t cho mi qu. 2. Th c, L, c chi c d; Khim, c chi bnh d; Phc, c chi bn d; Hng, c chi c d; Tn, c chi tu d; ch, c chi d d; Khn c chi bin d; Tnh, c chi a d; Tn, c chi ch d. Dch: Qu L l ci nn ca c, qu Khim l ci cn ca c, qu Phc l gc ca c; qu Hng l ci bn vng ca c; qu Tn l s trau gii c; qu ch l s ny n y ca c; qu Khn l nghim xem c cao hay thp; qu Tnh l s dy dn ca c; qu Tn l s ch ng c (cho n thun thc, linh hot). Ch thch: tit ny ni v chn qu gip cho ngi ta tu c. L l l (coi phn dch 64 qu) cung knh, cn thn, cho nn gi l nn ca c. Khim l khim tn. Phc l tr li, hon phc thin l. Hng l gi lng cho bn, khng bin i. Tn l bt lng dc, lng gin. ch l lm cho c tng tin. Khn l gp nghch cnh, mi kim im c c ca mnh. Tnh l ging khi nc khng cn, cng khng trn, mi ngi u li ly nc, ni cng dng y khp, dy dn. Tn l thun theo l phi m ch ng c. 3. L, ho nhi ch; Khim tn nhi quan; Phc, tiu nhi bin vt; Hng, tp nhi bt ym; Tn, tin nan nhi hu d; ch trng d nhi bt thit; Khn, cng nhi thng; Tnh, c k s nhi thin; tn, Xng nhi n. Dch: L, th n ho m (o ngha) ti cc im; Khim (t h) th li c tn trng m v vang; Phc tuy nh (v mt ho dng di 5 ho m) nhng vic g cng bin bit c (v dng l nh sng, m l bng ti, mt dng 5 m nh mt ngn n trong phng ti); Hng th thi phc tp m gi c c, ch khng chn; Tn (bt t dc) th mi u tuy kh sau (thnh thi quen) ho d; ch (l thm) th ny n thm (mt cch t nhin m khng tn cng sp t, Khn th thn tuy cng m o vn thng, nh ht cng th s thng. Tnh th tuy mt ni m n nhun lu hnh khp (nh nc ging); Tn th xng hp vi mi hon cnh m khng l ti c ra. 4. L d ho hnh, Khim d ch l; Phc d t tri; Hng d nht c; Tn d vin hi, ch d hng li; Khn d qu on; Tnh d bin ngha; Tn d hnh quyn. Dch: (dng) qu L iu ho tnh ca mnh; qu Khim iu ch iu l, qu Phc lm (ch tri y c ngha l lm ch) mnh; qu Hng cho c ca mnh c thun nht, qu Tn trnh xa mi ci hi; qu ch hng khi mi ci li; qu Khn khi hon nn t phi on hn; qu Tnh bin minh iu ngha, qu Tn bit quyn bin.
Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)
TR LI PHN MT CHNG VIII 1. Dch chi vi th d bt kh vin. Vi o d l thin Bin ng bt c, Chu lu lc h, Thng h v thng, Cng nhu tng dch Bt kh vi in yu, Duy bin s thch. Dch: Sch dch khng th qun (1) o Dch thng bin thin. Bin ng khng ngng. Xoay quanh su ci (2) Thng ging khng nht nh (3) Cng nhu (dng m) thay nhau. Khng dng lm khun mu bt dch c (4) C bin ho mi thch hp. Ch thch: Tit ny c m tit, c vn gn nh th, i bo Dch l Bin Dch. (1) Khng th qun hay khng th ri c v Dch l sch hng dn ta trong mi vic hng ngy. C ngi hiu l Dch khng xa ri m dng c. v cn bn ca Dch l m dng. (2) Lc h y c th hiu l 6 ho trong mi qu. (3) V dng thng m cng c khi ging; m ging cng c khi thng. (4) im yu l khun mu bt dch cho mi vic mi thi c. 2. K xut nhp d , Ni ngoi s tri c. Dch: (Dch) ra vo c chng mc. (vic) trong (vic) ngoi, (Dch) khuyn ta phi thn trng. Ch thch: Tit ny ti ngha, e st ch hay lm Phan Bi Chu khng dch. 3. Hu minh u hon d c, V hu s bo, Nh lm ph mu. Dch: (Dch) li lm cho (ta) r s lo lng v nguyn c. (Cho nn) ta tuy khng c thy m nh c cha m sn sc (v c Kinh Dch) . Ch thch: tit ny Phan Bi Chu cng b. 3. S sut k t nhi qu k phng. K hu in thng, Cu phi k nhn, o bt h hnh. Dch: Mi u do li (Thon t, Ho t) m n o ngha, Khi thy qui tc ri, Nhng nu khng phi l ngi (sng sut) th cng khng thi hnh o (dch) c.
Ch thch: Hai cu cui c th hiu l: Nhng nu khng c ngi (sng sut) Th o (Dch) khng th sng t c.
Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG IX (Chng ny Phan Bi Chu b trn) 1. Dch chi v th d, nguyn thy yu chung d vi cht d. Lc ho tng tp, duy k thi vt d. Dch: Trong Kinh dch mi qu bt u t ho s, kt thc ho thng, l th ca qu. Su ho l su thnh phn ca qu, xen ln nhau, ch cho bit ngha ty tng thi thi. Ch thch: Ngh l khi xt ngha ca qu th phi xem ton th su ho; khi xt mi ho th ch bit s bin chuyn vo mt thi no thi. 2. K s nan tri, k thng di tri, bn mt d. S t ngh chi, tt thnh chi chung. Dch: ngha ho s kh bit, ngha ho thng d bit, v ho s tr lc u (cha bit s vic bin chuyn ra sao), ho thng tr lc cui lc mn cuc, mi bin chuyn bit r ri). Li on ho s l li n o tnh ton; kt qu tt cui mi bit. 3. Nhc ph tp vt son c, bin th d phi, tc phi k trung ho bt b. Dch: cn nh mun bit vic lm v tnh cch ca mi s vic, phn bit phi tri, th phi xt (bn ) ho gia mi c. 4. Y, dic yu (1) tn vong ct hung, tc c kh tri h. Tr gi quan k thon t, tc t qu bn h. Dch: i, mun bit (1) v s mt cn, tt xu c th d dng (2) bit c. K sng sut (tr) xem li thon t (li on ton qu) th ngh ra c qu na ri. Ch thch: (1) ch yu y R. Wilhelm c l yu, ngha l quan trng ,v dch: ci iu quan trng nht v mt cn, tt xu. (2) ch c ny chng ti on ngha nh vy, khng bit ng khng. 5. Nh d t ng cng nhi d v, k thin bt ng. Nh a d, t a c, cn d. Nhu chi vi o, bt li vin gi, k yu v cu k dng nhu trung d. Dch: Ho 2 v ho 4 cng cng (cng v tr ngu chn tc 2 v 4) m khc bc (cao thp khc nhau: 2 di, 4 trn) ci hay do cng khc nhau. Ho 2 c nhiu ting khen, ho 4 th nhiu s hi (v ho 4 gn ho 5 l gn vua). Mt ho nhu (ngha l v tr ngu) m xa (1) th khng li, nhng iu quan trng l khi b li, m (ho 2) c li l nhu thun m c trung (2) (do khng b li). Ch thch: (1) xa ho 5, xa vua. (2) Trong mi qu, ho 2 gia ni qui v ho 5 gia ngoi qui, gi l c trung, tt. Coi phn I, chng IV.
6. Tam d ng ng cng nhi d v, tam a hung, ng a cng, qu tin chi ng d. K nhu nguy, k cng thng (1) da? Dch: Ho 3 v ho 5 cng cng (cng v tr c l - tc 3 v 5) m khc bc (3 thp, 5 cao). Ho 3 gp nhiu ci xu, ho 5 lm c nhiu vic ln, l do sang hn khc nhau. v tr c, nhu nhc th nguy, cng cng mi kham c chng? Ch thch: R. Wilhelm v J.Legge u c l thng v dch l thng. Theo Chu Hi th phi c l thng. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG X 1. Dch chi vi th d, qung i tt b: hu thin o yn, hu nhn o yn, hu a o yn, kim tam ti nhi lng chi, c lc. Lc gi, phi tha d, tam ti chi o d. Dch: Sch Dch bao l (rng ln) gm c: c o tri; c o ngi, c o t, gm c ba ngi (tam ti l tri, ngi, t) m nhn hai ln, cho nn thnh ra su ho. Su ho khng c g khc l o ca ba ngi. Ch thch: Mi n qui c ba ho tr ba ngi: ho trn cao l tri, ho gia l ngi, ho di l t. Mt trng qui gm ni qui v ngoi qui, tc hai n qui, cho nn ni l nhn hai ln thnh su ho . Nhng xt trn trng qui th c khi ngi ta cho ho 5,6 l tri, ho 3, 4 l ngi, ho 1, 2 l t. 2. o hu bin ng, c vit ho. Ho hu ng, c vit vt. Vt tng hp c vit vn. Vn bt ng, c ct hung sinh yn. Dch: o c thay i bin ng, nn su vch trong qu gi l ho. Ho c bc (cao thp) trong qu, cho nn n tng trng s vt. S vt (cng nhu) xen nhau, cho nn c nhng c tnh ca mi ho. c tnh ca mi ho c khi khng thch hp vi v tr ca n, cho nn mi sinh ra tt xu. Ch thch: Tit ny rt ti ngha (Phan Bi Chu ch dch mi cu u), mi ngi hiu mt khc. Chu Hi khng ging th no l vn. Chng ti min cng dch. C l b, khng dch 3 cu sau nh Phan Bi Chu th hn. Ch ho c ngha l (m dng) giao nhau, sinh bin ng. CHNG XI Tit c nht. Dch chi hng d. K ng n chi mt th, Chu chi thnh c da? ng Vn vng d Tr chi s da? Th c k t nguy. Nguy gi s bnh, d gi s khuynh, k o thm i, bch vt bt ph. C d chung thy, k yu v cu, th chi v Dch
chi o d? Dch: o Dch hng thnh ln (1) vo cui i nh n, lc c nh Chu ang thnh ? Vo lc vua Vn Vng c chuyn vi Tr y ? V vy m Thon t (ca Vn vng) c ging nguy s. H c lng nguy s th (tm cch) khin cho nguy thnh yn; m (ngc li) h c lng khinh d (coi thng) th t gy cho mnh s sp . (o tri nh vy m) o Dch (cng vy) tht to ln, khng b mt vt no khng xt ti (Bit) lo s (thn trng) t u ti cui l khng mc li, nh vy l o Dch chng? Ch thch: (1) Tc gi chng ny dng ch hng c l l ngm bo rng dch c t trc (i Phc Hi), n i Vn Vng mi thnh ln. (2) m ch v Vn Vng b Tr giam trong ngc Du L. Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT CHNG XII 1. Ph Cn, thin h chi ch kin d, c hnh hng d, d tri him. Ph Khn, thin h chi ch thun d, c hnh hng gin, d tri tr. Dch: o Cn mnh nht trong thin h, c (c tnh) ca n l lm vic g cng d dng, bnh d, m bit c chn nguy him. o Khn nhu thun nht trong thin h, c ca n l n gin, m bit c s tr ngi. Ch thch: so snh tit ny vi tit 6 Chng 1 thin Thng. 2. Nng duyt ch tm, nng nghin ch hu chi (1) l, nh thin h chi ct hung, thnh thin h chi v v d. Dch: (Thnh nhn) bit vui trong lng v tm ti trong ngh (cho nn) nh c ct hung trong thin h, v lm c nhng vic gng gi trong thin h. Ch thch: (1) Hai ch hu chi ny d, chc l chp lm. Phan Bi Chu b tit ny v hai tit sau. 3. Th c bin ho vn vi, ct s hu tng, tng s tri kh, chim s tri lai. Dch: (Bit) bin ho trong li ni (1) v vic lm (bit) v tt c im lnh, xem hnh tng m bit cch ch dng, xem bi m bit c tng lai. Ch thch: (1) R. Wilhelm c h b ch vn, dch l Bin ho a ti vic lm. J. Leggen dch khc hn: trong cc bin ho, li ni v vic lm, s vic g tt u c im lnh. Chng ti dch theo li ging ca chu Hi: Bin ho trong li ni v vic lm, cho nn do vic xem hnh tng m bit cch ch dng; vic tt c im lnh, cho nn xem bi m bit c tng lai. V vic xem hnh tng m ch dng, xem li chng 2, thin H t h truyn ny. 4. Thin a thit v, thnh nhn thnh nng, nhn mu qu mu, bch tnh d nng. Dch: Tri t t ngi ri, thnh nhn hon thnh kh nng ca mnh (Kinh Dch) nh vy m trm h c d vo nhng li khuyn (mu tnh) ca ngi v ca
qu thn. Ch thch: tit ny ti ngha, mi nh hiu mt khc. Chng ti chm chc Chu Hi v J.Legge. 5. Bt qui d tng co, ho thon d tnh ngn. Cng nhu tp c nhi ct hung kh kin h. Dch: Bt qui ly tng m bo, nhng li t sau cc ho v cc qu ty hon cnh, s vic (tnh) m ch cho ta (1) Cng mm (cc ho dng m) ln ln vi nhau, do m bit c ct hung. Ch thch (1) Cu ny c ngha l: thi thng c, ngi ta ch xem hnh tng mi qu m bit c tt xu; ti i sau Vn Vng, chu Cng mi t thon t, ho t ging cho r. 6. Bin ng d li ngn, ct hung d tnh thin. Th c i tng cng nhi ct hung sinh, vin cn tng th nhi hi ln sinh, tnh ngy tng cm nhi li hi sinh. Phm Dch chi tnh, cn nhi bt tng c tc hung, hoc hi chi, hi th ln. Dch: (Tit ny Chu Hi khng ging g c. C hai cch hiu, ti dch c ra di y). a. Phan Bi Chu Qui, ho, ly li m ni g th phi c bin ng (v c bin mi thng, c thng mi li), ct hung ty tnh ngi m thin chuyn (tnh m thin th ct, c th hung). Cho nn yu ght, hai tnh xung t nhau m sinh ra ct, hung (xung t, pha no phi th c, l ct); xa gn xu x nhau m sinh ra hi tic, chn tht, gi di i i vi nhau m sinh ra li hay hi. Tm li, ci tnh t trong Dch l gn nhau m khng tng c nhau th hung, hoc mc tn hi, hi v tic. (Phan Bi Chu khng dch, ch ging rt di, non ba trang, chng ti tm tt li nh trn) b) (R.Wilhelm v J.Legge hiu i khi nh nhau. Chng ti la bn dch ca Wilhelm). bin v ng c xt theo cc li (m chng mang li). Ct v hung thay i ty theo iu kin (conditions). Cho nn yu v ght xung t nhau m ct hung t sinh ra (1). Xa v gn lm hi nhau m hi v tic t sinh ra (1). Chn v ngy nh hng ln nhau m li hi t sinh ra. Mi hon cnh trong Kinh Dch tm li nh sau: khi s vt gn nhau m khng ho hp vi nhau th hung: sinh ra hi, hi v xu h! (1) Wilhelm ging: ty theo cc ho thu ht hay x y nhau m ct hung sinh ra. Vy Phan Bi Chu cho tit ny ni v tnh ngi, R. Wilhelm v J.Legge hiu l s ho hp hay xung khc ca cc ho, c th gi l tnh ca cc ho. Hai cch hiu u chp nhn c. Phan Bi Chu thin v o l. R.Wilhelm v J.Legge ch xt s tng quan ca cc ho. C th bo hai nh sau dch st cn Phan Bi Chu ging v p dng vo x th. 7. Tng phn gi, k t tm; trung tm nghi gi, k t chi. Ct nhn chi t qu; to nhn chi t da. Vu thin chi nhn, k t du; tht k th gi, k t khut. Dch: Ngi no sp lm phn th li ni c thn; ngi no trong lng nghi ng th li ni nc i (1). Ngi tt th t li, ngi nng ny th nhiu li. Ngi gi di (gi nhn ngha) th li ni khng thc (2), ngi khng gi vng ch th li ni quanh co. Ch thch: (1) Chi c ngha l cnh; c ngi dch l chia nhnh, hoc tn lon.
(2) du: T Hi ging l tri ni, h ph, khng thc, c ngi dch l bng lng, hoc vng vo. (Chng cui ny tm tt v kt lun v ch li ca Kinh Dch). Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT Li ca hc gi Nguyn Hin L NHN LI QUNG NG QUA Nm nay ti 69 tui, ng thu xp v Long Xuyn, d nh t sang nm s ngh ngi chm dt hn cng vic bin kho, nu c vit lch g na th cng ch l chp t hi k, ghi vi suy t hoc dch t trang sch. Vy cun Kinh Dch, o ca ngi qun t ny l tp bin kho cui cng ca ti. Nh li trn nm chc nm trc, hi ti mi vo trng Bi, mi v h, M ti cho ti v Phng Kh ( Quc Oai Sn Ty) hc thm ch Hn vi Bc Hai ti c gia ph bn ni ngai nh Ngi ni, th ngay Bc ti v ti cng cho s hc l mt vic tiu khin ch khng th ng c hon cnh v thi cuc khin cho ti vi chc nm sau thnh mt ngi nghin cu v c hc Trung Hoa. Ti hc vi Bc ti c hai v h, tng cng ba thng, bit c mt ngn ch Hn ri b d, mt phn v ti mc hc thi, mt phn v Bc ti gi ri, khng dy hc na. S vn ngn ch cha dng c vo vic g, nu b lu chc s qun ht. May sao, khang bn nm sau, ti trng Cao ng Cng chnh ra, phi i su thng mi c b, khng bit lm g cho qua ngy, ti hc li ch Hn. Lc ny ti phi t hc trong b Hn Vit t in ca o Duy Anh v cun Grammaire Chinoise ca Cordier, v Bc ti qui tin, khng cn ai ch dn cho ti. Hc nh vy c bn nm thng, bit thm chng hai ngn ch na, lm bm c xong c b Tam Quc Ch din ngha (c li bnh ca Thnh Thn) th c b vo lm vic trong Nam. V c nhiu th gi rnh, ti kim mua c mt t sch Hn: Mnh t, Lun ng, m bng tht ca Lng Khi Siu, Nam du tp c ca H Thch, C vn quan ch, vi cun Vn Hc s Trung quc m mm c ly, ch no khng hiu th vit th hi Bc Ba ti c Vng thng, Long Xuyn. Nh vy ti v ngha ln ln v nm 1953, nh Bc Ba ti khuyn khch, hng dn, ti vit c b i cng Vn hc s Trung quc, 3 cun. B ny ti t xut bn nm 1955, bit rng c nhiu s st, nn xin li trc c gi v c gi khng ai n trch m cn cho l mt tc phm ng n, hu ch v l cun u tin bng ting Vit vit v vn hc Trung quc. Ln ti bn ti c sa li. Hai nm sau, nm 1957, ti vit cun: Nho giao, mt trit l chnh tr (ti cng t xut bn nm 1958). Vit xong hai cun , ti nh b hn khu vc c hc Trung quc m san nhng sch v Vit Nam v phng Ty.
Nhng thi cuc khin cho c cuc di c 1954, v nh cuc di c m ti c quen ng Gin Chi Nguyn Hu Vn. ng qu lng Ct (gn H Ni), ln hn ti su tui, hi nh hc ch Hn ti mi lm tui, u bng Kha sinh ri mi chuyn qua hc ting Php, nn sc hc v ch Hn vng hn ti nhiu. Chng ti ln ln thn vi nhau v nm 1962, ti ngh vi ng vit chung b i Cng trit hc Trung quc, ti liu do ng bn T Trong Hip Paris tm mua gim cho. ng nhn li, chng ti hng hi bt tay vo vic ngay, cha y hai nm th xong, nh Co Thm in thnh hai cun nm 1965 v 1966. Vit tuy mt tht, nhng cng i su vo c hc Trung Quc ti cng thch, ti lin tip cho ra: - C Vn Trung Quc Tao n 1966. - Chin Quc sch Vit chung vi Gin Chi L Bi 1968. - Vn hc Trung Quc hin i t 1898 ti 1960: 2 cun, ti t xut bn 1969. - S K ca T M Thin, vit chungvi Gin Chi- L Bi 1970. - T ng Pha Co thm 1970. - Dch Nhn sinh quan v Th vn Trung Hoa ca Lm Ng ng . Ca Dao 1970. B i cng Trit hc Trung Quc khng sp thnh tng thi i, tng mn phi nh a s cc sch vit v trit hc, m chia thnh tng vn . Chng hn v nhn sinh lun c nhng vn tnh, tm, tnh, dc, nhn ngha . . .mi vn chng ti xt theo th t thi gian: mi u thi Tin Tn, ai l ngi t ra vn , ri tun t cc trit gia i sau bn thm v vn ra sao, hoc sa i, thm bt, hoc phn i hay dung ha kin ca ngi trc. Cch trnh by mi m, Trung Hoa chng ti mi thy c V ng trong b Trung quc Trit hc i cng m chng ti dng lm ti liu chnh. nc nh, tc phm ca chng ti cng nh tnh cch mi m m c c gi hoan nghinh. Nhng n ch l mt i cng. T 1971, ti mun nghin cu ring v thi Tin Tn, thi rc r nht trong lch s trit hc Trung Hoa, v nh vit k v mi trit gia chnh, phn tch t tng ca h, dch trn hoc gn trn tc phm ca h. c sn mt s ti liu bng ting Anh, ting Php, ri nh mt bn tr: C Thin Mai, sinh vin du hc i Bc kim thm cho ti tt c nhng sch bng ting Trung Hoa xut bn i Loan, Hng Cng. Nm 1972, ti vit xong: - Lit T v Dng T - L Bi 1973. - Nh gio h Khng Co Thm 1972. Nm 1974 xong ba cun na: - Mnh T - Co Thm u 1975. - Tun T - vit chung vi Gin Chi cha kp xut bn th chin tranh chm dt, nc nh c thng nht. - Trang T - cha in, cun ny bt u vit t 1973. Sau ngy gii phng, mc du bit lai sch ny ca chng ti khng th xut bn trong mi nm sp ti c, ti cng vn tip tc thc hin cho xong chng trnh hach nh, ri c , khng bao gi in c cng khng sao. Ti vit v ti mun hc thm, m ti mun hc thm v ti thch tinh thn nhn bn rt cao trong trit hc thi Tin Tn. Ti cm ci vit nh trc ngy gii phng, nh vy t 1975 n nay, xong c su tp na, u cha in:
- Hn Phi, vit chung vi Gin Chi, 1975. - Mc hc, dch mt phn b Mc T 1976. - Lo T, dch trn o c Kinh, 1977. - Khng T, 1978. Tp ny di gp nm cun nh gio h Khng v phn tch t tng ca trit gia h Khng v o c, chnh tr. - Lun ng, dch trn b v ch thch, 1978. - Sau cng l Kinh Dch, o ca ngi qun t, 1979. Ti kt thc trit hc Tin Tn bng tp ny v cho rng dch hc phi trong thi Chin Quc bit la nhng tinh hoa ca Nho v Lo, ri dung ha vch cho dn tc Trung Hoa mt php x th kh cao thng m rt thc ti. C th ni Dch Kinh v Dch truyn i biu cho s minh trit ca dn tc Trung Hoa thi c. N tng hp cc trit thuyt chnh thi Tin Tn. Nhn li qung ng qua trong hai mi by nm nay t 1953, ti thy mi u ti ch tnh vit hai cun ri ngng v t bit Hn hc khng phi l s trng ca mnh; nhng nh gp bn, nh c c gi khuyn khch, ti mi nm tin thm mt t bc, rt cuc vit c 19 nhan v C hc Trung Hoa (khng k mt cun dch ca Lm Ng ng), trong s c 6 nhan v Vn hc u xut bn v 13 nhan v trit hc m mi c 5 nhan xut bn, cn 8 nhan ch l bn tho. C nhng nhan ch gm trn trm trang, nhng cng c nhan gm nhiu tp, dy by tm trm trang, trn ngn ri trang; trung bnh l ba bn trm trang. Nh vy ch nh mi mt cu ca M ti: con nh Nho khng l khng c c gia ph bn ni bn ngai khi ni vi ti nh vy, Ngi ch ngh n cng ca t tin, c ng u rng, v tnh vch cho ti mt hng i, tm cho ti mt l sng, to cho ti mt cuc i c ngha. Hm nay l ngy gi ca Ngi, khng kh chung quanh bn th tht lnh lo: v hng con ch c hai v chng ti, v hng chu v cht khng c mt ai. Nhng mng rng cn c mt nn hng trm, mt bnh tr ngon ca mt bn vn v mt c gi cho. Ti ghi li y my trang ny con chu xa nh cng Ngi: Phc c ti Mu Nguyn Hin L
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KINH DCH O TRI V VIC NGI MC LC

PHN M U 1 - LI DN NHP Kinh dch - o ca ngi t t

I TRNG 34 GII 40 TIU QU 62 THUN CHN 51 HNG 32 PHONG 55 D 16 QUY MUI 54

THI 11 S 07 KHIM 15 PHC 24 THNG 46 MINH DI 36 THUN KHN 02 LM 19

THUN CN 01 TNG 06 N 33 V VNG 25 CU 44 NG NHN 13 B 12 L 10

TIU SC 09 HON 59 TIM 53 CH 42 THUN TN 57 GIA NHN 37 QUN 20 TRUNG PHU 61

THUN KHM 29 KIN 39 TRUN 03 TNH 48 K T 63 T 08 TIT 60

KHN 47 HM 31 TY 17 I QU 28 CCH 49 TU 45 THUN OI 58

Kinh dch - o ca ngi qun t

I - PHN MT: GII THIU.

li 6 qu m c 1 ho m (mt vch t), tc qu Li

Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT

Ba qu c 1 ho dng, hai ho m: Chn

Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)

I TRNG 34 GII 40 TIU QU 62 THUN CHN 51 HNG 32 PHONG 55

THI 11 S 07 KHIM 15 PHC 24 THNG 46 MINH DI 36

THUN CN 01 TNG 06 N 33 V VNG 25 CU 44 NG NHN 13

TIU SC 09 HON 59 TIM 53 CH 42 THUN TN 57 GIA NHN 37

THUN KHM 29 KIN 39 TRUN 03 TNH 48 K T 63

QUN 20 TRUNG PHU 61

Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT

PHN HAI KINH V CHUYN

TR LI BIU I. Qu Thun Cn Ni qui, ngoi qui u l Cn.

T y tr xung l Ho t, li Chu Cng on v mi ho. : S cu: Tim long vt dng.

2. Qu Thun Khn Ni qui, ngoi qui u l Khn.

8. QU THY A T Trn l Khm (nc), di l Khn (t)

D l vui v, vui v th c nhiu ngi theo nn tip sau l qu Ty. Ty l

TR LI BIU 24. QU A LI PHC Trn l Khn (t), di l Chn (sm)

TR LI BIU 27. QU SN LI DI Trn l Cn (ni), di l Chn (sm)

TR LI BIU 28. QU TRCH PHONG I QU Trn l oi (chm) di l Tn (gi)

TR LI BIU 30. QU THUN LY Trn di u l Ly (la)

git nhng k u s, cn nhng k i theo th bt sng thi. Nh vy s khng c li.

TR LI BIU 31- QU TRCH SN HM Trn l oi (chm), di l Cn (ni)

TR LI BIU 32. QU LI PHONG HNG Trn l Chn (sm), di l Tn (gi)

TR LI BIU 36. QU A HA MINH DI Trn l Khn (t), di l ly (la)

TR LI BIU 38.QU HA TRCH KHU Trn l Ly (la), di l oi (chm)

TR LI BIU 39. QU THY SN KIN Trn l Khm (nc), di l Cn (ni)

TR LI BIU 41. QU SN TRCH TN Trn l Cn (ni), di l oi (chm)

TR LI BIU 44. QU THIN PHONG CU Trn l Cn (tri), di l Tn (gi)

TR LI BIU 45. QU TRCH A TY Trn l oi (chm), di l Khn (t)

TR LI BIU 47. QU TRCH THY KHN Trn l oi (chm), di l Khm (nc)

TR LI BIU 48. THY PHONG TNH Trn l Khm (nc), di l Tn (gi)

TR LI BIU 51. QU THUN CHN Trn di u l Chn (sm, ng).

52. QU THUN CN Trn di u l Cn (ni)

TR LI BIU 53. QU PHONG SN TIM Trn l Tn (gi), di l Cn (ni)

TR LI BIU 54. QU LI TRCH QUI MUI Trn l Chn (sm), di l oi (chm)

TR LI BIU 55. QU LI HA PHONG Trn l Chn (sm), di l Ly (la)

TR LI BIU 56. QU HA SN L Trn l Ly (la), di l Cn (ni)

TR LI BIU 58. QU THUN OI Trn di u l oi (chm, ha duyt)

61. QU PHONG TRCH TRUNG PHU Trn l Tn (gi), di l oi (chm)

TR LI BIU 62. QU LI SN TIU QU Trn l Chn (sm), di l Cn (ni)

TR LI BIU 63. QU THY HA K T Trn l Khm (nc), di l ly (la)

64. QU HA THY V T Trn l Ly (la), di l Khm (nc)

Chng ny cng cao Dch nh chng trn.

Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI)

Xem: BIU 64 QU DCH TR LI MC LC (XEM PHN HAI) TR LI PHN MT

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