S GIO DC V O TO

HI DNG
K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH
LP 10 THPT NM HC 2011 2012
MN THI : TON
Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht
( thi gm 01 trang)
Cu 1 (2 im)
a) Cho hm s
2
2 3 y x mx m + v hm s
2 3 y x +
. Tm m
th cc hm s ct nhau ti hai im phn bit v honh ca
chng u dng.
b) Gii bt phng trnh:
2
8 12 10 2 x x x + >
Cu 2 (2 im)
a) Gii phng trnh:
3 3 3
3
(4 3)
2
x x x +
b) Gii phng trnh:
2
2 11 23 4 1 x x x + +
Cu 3 (2 im)
a) Trong mt phng ta
Oxy
cho im
(1; 4) M
. ng thng d qua M, d ct
trc honh ti A(honh ca A dng), d ct trc tung ti B(tung ca B
dng). Tm gi tr nh nht ca din tch tam gic OAB.
b) Trong mt phng ta
Oxy
cho ng trn (C):
2 2
( 2) ( 3) 9 x y + + v
im
(1; 2) A
. ng thng qua A, ct (C) ti M v N. Tm gi tr nh
nht ca di on thng MN.
Cu 4 (3 im)
a) Chng minh rng t gic li ABCD l hnh bnh hnh khi v ch khi
2 2 2 2 2 2
AB BC CD DA AC BD + + + + .
b) Tm tt c cc tam gic ABC tha mn:
2 2 2
1 1 1
a
h b c
+
(trong AB=c; AC=b;
ng cao qua A l
a
h
).
Cu 5 (1 im)
Cho a, b, c l cc s thc dng . Chng minh rng:
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
3
a b b c c a
a b c
b c c a a b
a b c
+ +
+ + +
+ + +
+ +
Ht.
H v tn th sinh:S bo danh:
Ch k ca gim th 1:.Ch k ca gim th 2:
THI CHNH THC
P N V HNG DN CHM MN TON
K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH
LP 10 THPT NM HC 2011 2012
Cu Ni dung im
1 a
Tm m:
2
2 3 y x mx m + v
2 3 y x +
ct nhau ti hai im
phn bit v honh dng
1,00
Yu cu bi ton

PT sau c hai nghim dng phn bit

2 2
2 3 2 3 2( 1) 3 3 0 x mx m x x m x m + + + +
0,25
' 0
3( 1) 0
2( 1) 0
m
m
>

+ >
'

+ >

0,25
1
' 0
4
m
m
>

>

<

0,25
Kt hp nghim, kt lun 4 m< 0,25
b
Gii bt phng trnh:
2
8 12 10 2 x x x + >
1,00
TX:
2
8 12 0 2 6 x x x + 0,25
Nu 5 6 x < th
2
8 12 0 10 2 x x x + >
, bt phng trnh
nghim ng vi mi x: 5 6 x <
0,25
Nu
2
10 2 0
2 5
8 12 0
x
x
x x

'
+

bt pt cho
2 2
8 12 4 40 100 x x x x + > +
2
28
5 48 112 0 4
5
x x x + < < <
0,25
Kt hp nghim, trng hp ny ta c: 4 5 x <
Tp nghim ca bpt cho:
(4;6]
0,25
2 a
Gii phng trnh:
3 3 3
3
(4 3)
2
x x x +
(1)
1,00
t
3
4 3 y x x + . (1) c dng:
3 3
3
2 2 3
( )
4 3
y x
I
x x y

'
+

Khi nghim
ca (1) l x ng vi (x;y) l nghim ca (I)
0,25
(I)
3 3
3 3
2 2 3
2 2 ( ) 0
y x
x y x y

'
+ +

3 3
2 2
2 2 3(2)
( )(2 2 2 1) 0(3)
y x
x y x xy y

'
+ +

0,25
TH1: y = -x kt hp(2), c nghim ca (1):
3
3
4
x 0,25
TH2:
2 2 2
2 2 2 1 0; ' 2 3
x
x xy y y + . Nu c nghim th
2
3
y
.
Tng t cng c
2
3
x . Khi VT (2)
3
2 8 2
4 3
3 3 3
_
<

,
.
Chng t TH2 v nghim. KL (1) c 1 nghim
3
3
4
x
0,25
b Gii phng trnh:
2
2 11 23 4 1 x x x + +
1,00
K: 1 x .
2
(1) 2( 6 9) ( 1 4 1 4) 0 x x x x + + + + + 0,25
2 2
2( 3) ( 1 2) 0 x x + + (*) 0,25
Do
2
0( ) a a nn pt(*)
3 0
1 2 0
x
x

'
+

0,25
3 x . Vy pt cho c 1 nghim x=3 0,25
3 a
(1; 4) M
. g thng d qua M, d ct trc honh ti A; d ct trc tung ti
B. Tm gi tr nh nht ca din tch tam gic OAB(
; 0
A B
x y >
)
1,00
Gi s A(a;0); B(0;b), a>0; b>0. PT ng thng AB:
1
x y
a b
+
0,25
V AB qua M nn
1 4 4 16
1 1 2 1
a b ab ab
+ 0,25
2
1 4 1
8;" "
8 2 2
a
ab
b a b

'

0,25
Din tch tam gic vung OAB( vung O)l S
1 1
. 8
2 2
OAOB ab
.
Vy S nh nht bng 8 khi d qua A(2;0), B(0;8)
0,25
b
(C):
2 2
( 2) ( 3) 9 x y + + ;
(1; 2) A
. qua A, ct (C) ti M v N.
Tm gi tr nh nht ca di on thng MN.
1,0
(C) c tm I(2;-3), bn knh R=3. C A nm trong ng trn(C) v
2 2 2
(1 2) ( 2 3) 2 9 IA + + < 0,25
K IH vung gc vi MN ti H ta c
2 2 2 2 2 2
9 4 4(9 ) IH HN IN MN HN IH + 0,25
M
2 IH AH IH IA
2
4(9 2) 28 2 7 MN MN 0,25
Vy MN nh nht bng
2 7
khi H trng A hay MN vung gc vi
IA ti A
0,25
4 a
Chng minh rng t gic li ABCD l hnh bnh hnh khi v ch khi
2 2 2 2 2 2
AB BC CD DA AC BD + + + +
1,5
T gic li ABCD l hnh bnh hnh
0 AB DC AB DC
uuur uuur uuur uuur r
0,25
( )
2
0 AB DC
uuur uuur
2 2
2 . 0 AB DC AB DC +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
0,25
2 2
2 .( ) 0 AB DC AB AC AD +
uuur uuur uuur
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) 0 AB DC AB AC BC AB AD BD + + + + (*)
( v
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 . 2 . a b a a b b a b a b a b + +
r r r r r r r r r r r r
)
0,25
0,25
0,25
(*)

2 2 2 2 2 2
AB BC CD DA AC BD + + + +
(pcm)
( Ch : nu ch lm c 1 chiu th cho 0,75 )
0,25
4 b Tm tt c cc tam gic ABC tha mn:
2 2 2
1 1 1
a
h b c
+
(1) 1,5
C
. 2 sin
a
a h S bc A
0,25
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 4
sin
a
a R
h b c A b c

0,25
(1)
2 2 2
4 b c R +
2 2
sin sin 1 B C +
0,25
1 cos 2 1 cos 2 2 B C + cos2 cos 2 0 B C +
0,25
2cos( )cos( ) 0 B C B C +
0,25
( )
2 2
0 ;0
2
B C hay A
B C B C
B C

< + < <

Vy tam gic ABC vung A hoc c

2
B C


0,25
5
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
: 3 ; , , 0
a b b c c a
a b c
CMR a b c
b c c a a b
a b c
+ +
+ + + >
+ + +
+ +
1,00
XtM=
2 2 2
1 1 1
a b c
b c c a a b
+ +
+ + +
a b a c b c b a c a c b
b c c a a b
+ + +
+ +
+ + +
1 1 1 1 1 1
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) a b b c c a
b c c a c a a b a b b c
+ +
+ + + + + +
0,25
2 2 2
1 1 1
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
a b b c c a
b c c a c a a b a b b c
+ +
+ + + + + +
0,25
V
1
( )( ) b c c a + +
2 2 2
4 4 1
( 2 ) (2 2 2 ) ( ) a b c a b c a b c
>
+ + + + + +
;
2
( ) 0 a b
2
2
2
1 ( )
( ) ;" "
( )( ) ( )
a b
a b a b
b c c a a b c

+ + + +
0,25
Lm hon ton tng t vi hai biu thc cn li
Suy ra M
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2
2
a b b c c a
a b c
+ +

+ +
(pcm); = a b c 0,25
Hnh v cu 3b:
H
HH
AA
NN
MM
I
Lu : Hc sinh lm theo cch khc ng vn cho im ti a.