ISO 22000:2005- CNG C KIM SOT TON DIN AN TON V SINH THC PHM Ngy nay, H thng qun

l an ton thc phm ISO 22000:2005, H thng phn tch mi nguy v im kim sot ti hn HACCP c ngha ht sc thit thc i vi cc t chc, doanh Nghip (DN) ch bin thc phm. im tng ng gia hai h thng Trn thc t, hai h thng ny c nhng im tng ng l u hng v mc tiu gip cc DN ch bin, sn xut thc phm kim sot cc mi nguy t khu nui trng, nh bt cho ti khi thc phm c s dng bi ngi tiu dng, nhm m bo an ton v thc phm. ISO 22000 v HACCP u quy nh DN mun p dng phi thc hin 7 nguyn tc do y ban Codex a ra nhm xc nh vic kim sot cc mi nguy i vi thc phm. Khi p dng ISO 22000 hay HACCP, cc DN u phi m bo thc hin cc Chng trnh tin quyt (GMP, SSOP) nhm hn ch cc mi nguy i vi thc phm. Chng trnh ny bao gm cc yu cu v thit k nh xng, thit b; hnh vi v sinh, v sinh c nhn; v sinh nh xng, kh trng; kim sot cn trng; kho tng v.vKhi p dng ISO 22000 hay HACCP, cc DN u phi xy dng mt h thng kim sot bao gm: cc qu trnh, th tc kim sot, h thng vn bn h tr v.v im khc bit ln nht gia ISO 22000 v HACCP l ISO 22000 qui nh thm cc yu cu v h thng qun l vi cu trc v ni dung c th tng t ISO 9001:2000. ISO 22000 v HACCP c p dng i vi tt c cc DN nm trong chui cung cp thc phm, bao gm cc c s nui trng, nh bt thc phm; DN ch bin v thc phm v cc DN dch v v thc phm (vn ti, phn phi hoc thng mi). Doanh nghip p dng HACCP c nht thit phi chuyn i sang ISO 22000:2005? ISO 22000:2005 l tiu chun t nguyn, DN ch buc phi p dng khi c qui nh ca c quan c thm quyn hoc ca bn mua hng mt s quc gia nh M, Canada c qui nh bt buc p dng HACCP i vi sn phm tht, thy sn, nc hoa qu Hin nay nc ta cha c quy nh bt buc p dng tiu chun ISO 22000 i vi cc DN thc phm; tuy nhin trong tng lai c th DN p dng HACCP s phi chuyn i sang ISO 22000 trong cc trng hp: Qui nh ca c quan c thm quyn bt buc phi p dng ISO 22000; do th trng, khch hng yu cu hoc khi DN mun c chng ch H thng qun l an ton thc phm m t chc chng nhn ch cp theo ISO 22000. Cho d khng c quy nh bt buc p dng, th xu hng la chn ISO 22000 i vi DN thc phm vn dn tr thnh ph bin. Bi v bn thn tiu chun ISO 22000 bao gm cc yu cu ca HACCP, ngoi ra ISO 22000 cn bao gm cc yu cu v mt H thng qun l, v vy vic la chn ISO 22000 c th s gip DN kim sot mt cch ton din cc kha cnh v qu trnh lin n an ton v sinh thc phm. Khi mun chuyn i t HACCP sang ISO 22000 DN cn thc hin cc cng vic: T chc o to cc cn b c lin quan hiu r cc yu cu ca tiu chun ISO 22000:2005; Xc nh cc qu trnh c lin quan ti H thng qun l an ton thc phm (da trn hot ng thc t ca doanh nghip cng vi cc yu cu ca ISO 22000); Thit lp b sung v/hoc ci tin cc qu trnh hin ti theo cc yu cu ca ISO 22000; Xy dng mt h thng vn bn, bao gm: chnh sch an ton thc phm, cc th tc, hng dn, biu mu, qui nh theo cc qui nh ca tiu chun v yu -1-

cu ca kim sot an ton thc phm; Trin khai thc hin theo cc qui nh ca h thng v tin hnh kim tra, gim st; o to v t chc nh gi ni b h thng (tng t ISO 9001:2000); Thng xuyn ci tin nng cao hiu lc, hiu qu ca h thng. Mt DN p dng HACCP v ISO 9001:2000 th vic chuyn i sang ISO 22000 l kh thun li v c kinh nghim v h thng qun l v kim sot mi nguy. i vi nhng DN cha c HACCP m bt tay vo xy dng ISO 22000:2005 ngay t u s gp phi nhng kh khn nh kh khn v p ng yu cu ca cc chng trnh tin quyt (PRPs) v thc hin cc nguyn tc ca HACCP, v d nh: Nh xng, my mc thit b c th cha p ng c cc quy phm v thc hnh sn xut tt (GMP) v thc hnh v sinh tt (SSOP) v vy s cn phi c s thay i hoc u t ng k. Kh khn trong vic xc nh chnh xc cc im kim sot ti hn (CCP); Kh khn trong vic thit lp mt h thng gim st v kim sot CCP; Kh khn trong vic kim sot mi nguy ngay t qu trnh nui trng, nh bt, s ch v.v ca cc n v cung ng nguyn liu. Cam kt ca lnh o trong cc bc xy dng ISO 22000:2005 Bt c mt DN thc phm no cng c th xy dng mt H thng tch hp gia Qun l cht lng, Qun l an ton thc phm v Qun l Phng th nghim (theo ISO 9000, ISO 22000:2005 v ISO/IEC 17025). Tch hp h thng s gip doanh nghip hn ch vic phi thit lp thm mt s qu trnh kim sot, hng dn, biu mu ring cho tng h thng m cc cc qu trnh, ti liu ny u c mc ch kim sot v quy nh tng t nh nhau, v d: kim sot ti liu, kim sot h s, nhn s v.v

ISO 9001:2000

ISO 22000

(Kim sot ti liu, h s, nhn s, khiu ni )

ISO/IEC 17025
H thng tch hp Qun l cht lng, Qun l an ton thc phm v Qun l Phng th nghim Tng t ISO 9001:2000 v cc m hnh qun l theo h thng khc, ISO 22000 cng c ring mt yu cu v cam kt ca lnh o i vi vic xy dng, thc hin v ci tin thng xuyn hiu lc ca H thng qun l an ton thc phm (iu 5.1 ISO 22000:2005). Khi bt u trin khai p dng, thng th lnh o ca tt c cc DN u mong mun h thng s c xy dng thnh cng v c cp chng nhn, tuy nhin nu khng nm c cc yu cu ca tiu chun lng trc nhng kh khn th cha chc lnh o doanh nghip duy tr c cam kt ca mnh. iu ny tng xy ra i vi vic p dng ISO 9000, ISO 14000V nh vy, mt s doanh nghip khng th

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p ng y cc yu cu ca ISO 22000 nu lnh o khng duy tr c cam kt vt qua nhng kh khn c th gp phi trong qu trnh xy dng h thng. Nguyn Anh Tun

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