Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

Li ni u
Nh chng ta bit,x hi ngy cng pht trin,mc sng con ngi ngy cng tng cao,cng thc y s ci tin,pht trin ca cng ngh khoa hc k thut Nm trong chng trnh o to ca trng i Hc Lt,b mn thc tp vin thng c a vo ging dy.i vi mi sinh vin ngnh in tvin thng,y thc s l c hi hc tp tt,vi mc tiu em li cho sinh vin nhng k nng c bn,kin thc chuyn ngnh v lnh vc vin thng,cng nh s hiu bit chuyn su v h thng. Do hn ch v thi gian v trnh ,nn qu trnh thu thp thng tin cng nh tip nhn kin thc cn nhiu thiu st.Rt mong thy b qua v gp bi bo co c hon thin hn.

SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN

Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

Thc tp vin thng

I. Mc ch thc tp. Kha hc nhm trang b cho sinh vin nhng kin thc c bn cng nh chuyn su v h thng ngun in trm BTS,bo v chng st v tip t trong mng vin thng. Gip sinh vin c tip cn trc tip vi c s h tng,thit b my mc bit c quy trnh hot ng ca mt trm vin thng din ra nh th no. C hi c nghin cu,hc tp chun b cho tng lai cng vic sau ny. II. Yu cu thc tp

Sinh vin s c phn nhm n tng khu vc t trm vin thng thc tp. - Cn tun th mi quy nh ,nguyn tc trong qu trnh thc tp - Cn chun b lng kin thc cn bn v cn thit c lin quan v h thng ngun in, khi thc tp c th tip thu nhanh v hiu hn. - Tin hnh xc nh,phn tch qu trnh vn hnh,cc thnh phn ca h thng sau khi kt thc kha hc. - Nghim tc lng nghe nm bt nhng thng tin quan trng v cn thit m gio vin hng dn a ra. III. Ni dung thc tp Hai trm vin thng m sinh vin s c ti tin hnh thc tp l trm Chi Lng v trm Phng 8. A. L thuyt

Nguyn l hot ng,cc thnh phn ca h thng cung cp ngun (AC/DC) ti trm vin thng Chi Lng-Lm ng?

SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN

Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

H thng cung cp ngun ca mt ca mt trm vin thng phi c chun ha theo chun ca VNPT, phi cung cp thng xuyn v lin tc hoc hn ch thp nht thi gian mt in. H tng ngun AC phi lin tc (s dng ngun -48dvc), phn bit lm 2 loi : a. Ngun AC li. ( in li quc gia ). C 4 dy phn ti cho 3 dy: 3 dy pha,1 dy trung ha. 3 dy pha s qua b chuyn i t ng ATS H thng phn phi AC : - C cu trc l cu dao - V tr trong h thng: Ng vo l AC li mng quc gia cung cp,u ra cung cp cho my nn. H thng chuyn i t ng ATS: - T ATS l h thng chuyn i ngun t ng, c tc dng khi in li mt th my pht t ng khi ng v phng in cho ph ti. Khi ngun in li phc hi th h thng t chuyn ngun tr li v t ng tt my pht. Thnh phn cu to: - B ng ct - B iu khin Nguyn tc: trng thi bnh thng th u tin cho in li trc, nu gp s c v in s ti my n. Thit b chnh qun l ngun in l t in. b. AC d phng ( My n pht in) Nguyn l hot ng. My pht in gi vai tr then cht trong trong cc thit b cung cp in,n thc hin 3 chc nng:
SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN

Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

- Pht in - Chnh lu - Hiu chnh in p Cu to: - Phn n Thng s c bn: KVA = 23, V= 220 , Hz = 50, cos=0.8, 3000 vng/ pht , Weight= 560(kg). - Phn in Thng s: 3 pha, KVA= 25, cos= 0.8( h s cng sut din t cng sut b suy gim theo t l ). Cos lun lun nh hn 1 v bng 1. Cng sut l tng ca n l bo ton hoc t t l nh hn 1, 1500 vng/ pht C hai cng tc t,h thng d v iu khin H thng mch d: D trng thi AC li cc thn s in p, tn s, pha tiu chun p ng vn hnh hay cha.
Mch d

Kch ra ngun my n

AC li

Chuyn i cho ngun my n

SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN

Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

Vi mt my pht in th tc quay cng nh cng tt,cng sut cng ln cng tt. Cc b my pht in ng c n cung cp cng sut in xoay chiu sao cho n c th s dng thay th ngun in li. Cc thng s in p,tn s,cng sut nh mc ca my pht in c la chn sao cho ph hp vi ti cn ni vo my pht. Cc my in d phng lun c lp t c nh v lun sn sng hot ng cp in cho nhng ti quan trng khi ngun in li b gin on. V tr ca my n pht in trong h thng: N s ng vai tr trung gian gia AC li v ng ra ca ti v tng i. 2.H thng ngun DC a. My nn v accu Nguyn l hot ng. cung cp ngun mt chiu ngi ta dng my nn v accu Bnh thng khi cha b mt in li,my nn lm nhim v bin i (nn) dng AC(220v) thnh dng DC (+48v) cung cp cho cc thit b vin thng v mt dng nh np b accu. Khi mt in accu s thay my nn cung cp ngun mt chiu cho cc thit b vin thng. Ngi ta thng s dng ngun -48v bo v qu p v chng st,v thit k my nn theo cu trc module.Trong my nn c h thng phn phi DC mc ch n p v chia ti. Cc thng s: - in p gia pha v t 230v - in p gia pha vi pha 400v Tn s u vo 50hz/60hz
SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN

Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

b. H thng accu d phng Nguyn tc hot ng: Accu c u song song vi ti,khi DC mt hoc thp hn accu s np cho ti vi khong thi gian xc nh. Accu nh thit b iu ha dng DC.Ngun DC ch mt khi accu b h hng. H thng accu gm 24 bnh,mi bnh 2v. Dung lng ca bnh 420Ah,in p 48v,at 20oC. Uc 255v, Ic 20kA, Up <= 1,5kv, Conection Torque :12-14Nm Float Voltage Cc ch np: Np u: Np accu ln u tin dng ln h thng Np b sung: Np sau khi cp in Np ni:Np trong lc hot ng,va np va x Np thc:Np b,khi mng in b cp qu lu,in p b gim st nghim trng. - Np b nhit: - Np n p t ng c. H thng chng st proline Gm 2 t chng st + B th ng (ct st) N khng kch ng c nh st thng,khng lm tng kh nng phng in c th xy ra ti khu vc cn phi bo v. Ct c in p ti a 40kA + B ch ng (lc st) Gt st li, trnh nhng c nh st mnh. :2,23v

SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN

Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

+ Phn ni t Gm cc thanh cc cc ni t sao cho dng in st tan nhanh vo t. Hai b lc st c u ni ging nhau Dng AC vo c u ra xung t,h thng n p cng sut ln s cn bng in p. A. Thc hnh M hnh h thng cung cp ngun cho trm Vin thng Chi Lng.

AC li

H thng phn phi AC li

ATS

My nn

My n pht in

ACCu

u vo l ngun AC li,sau khi qua h thng phn phi AC s ti b chuyn i t ng ATS. ATS l h thng iu khin dng chuyn i ph ti , ang c cung cp t li in chnh sang ngun d phng dng my pht in khi ngun in chnh xy ra cc s c (mt in, mt pha, in p ngun gim qu thp hay tng qu cao).Sau s qua h thng my nn bin i dng AC thnh dng DC,nu nh mt in th accu s thay my nn cung cp ngun mt chiu cho h thng vin thng.
SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN

Thc tp vin thng

GVHD: PHAN TN KHANH

B. Kt lun chung Thc tp Vin thng y thc s l b mn v cng b ch i vi sinh vin chuyn ngnh in t -vin thng.Trong qu trnh thc tp,mi sinh vin v ring bn thn em c thm lng kin thc cn bn ,quan trng. Cc sinh vin c dp trc tip tham quan cng nh thc tp vi nhng thit b my mc m trc y ch hc trn l thuyt.Hiu c nguyn l hot ng,cc thnh phn cu trc ca mt h thng vin thng hin nay. Sinh vin c dp c trao i,hc hi,gii p nhng thc mc ca mnh trong qu trnh thc tp. Mc d thi lng thc tp khng c nhiu,nhng c s gip tn tnh ca thy hng dn,t nhiu mi sinh vin thu thp c lng kin thc cn thit,to tin cho sau ny ra trng v lm vic. Trong qu trnh thc tp,em c gng nghim tc tip thu,hc tp mt cch hiu qu nht,cng khng trnh khi nhng sai xt do ng sinh vin,thi gian khng c nhiu,nhng rt mong thy b qua. Cui cng em xin chn thnh cm n Nh trng cng nh thy Khanh gip to iu kin,cho tp th lp c thc tp b mn c ch nh th ny.

SVTH: NGUYN TH THU LAN