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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
Li cm n
2 nm - mt khong thi gian khng qu ngn, cng khng qu di i vi chng
ng ca mi sinh vin chng em. i vi em n thc s l mt k nim qu bu
khng bao gi qun. Qua qu trnh hc tp v rn luyn di mi trng i hc Tr
Vinh, thy c tn tnh ging dy, s gip ca bn b, s ng vin nui dng
ca cha m. Thc s l ng lc, hnh trang mi a em vo i.
Vi hnh trang ny em chn thnh bit n qu thy c trng i hc Tr Vinh
ht lng truyn t kin thc v kinh nghim cho em trong sut thi gian hc ti
trng, mang li cho em mt nn tng kin thc em c th cng tc sau ny.
Em xin chn thnh cm n n Th.S V Th ng. Thy tn tnh gip v trc
tip hng dn em trong sut thi gian hon thnh chuyn n 2.
Em xin chc qu thy c trng i hc Tr Vinh ni chung, thy c khoa Qun tr
kinh doanh ni ring di do sc khe, tip bc cho nhng th h ngi Vit Nam
sau ny.
Cm n ba m, bn b gip ng vin em trong sut thi gian qua.
Trn trng knh cho !
Bnh Dng,ngy 15 thng 05 nm 2012.
SVTH. ng Quc Tun
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
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Bnh Dng, ngy thng
nm 2012
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
MC LC
Trang
PHN I: M U
Chng I: Tng quan
1.t vn ........................................................................................... 03
2.Tnh hnh nghin cu .......................................................................... 03
3.Tm quan trng ca vic nghin cu .................................................. 04
PHN II: NI DUNG
Chng II: C s l thuyt: gii thiu s lc v sng siu m
1.Sng siu m l g ............................................................................... 05
1.1Mt s loi cm bin siu m ........................................................... 05
1.2 Cm bin siu m v nguyn tc TOF ............................................. 05
1.3 Tm qut ca cm bin siu m ....................................................... 06
1.4 u im v nhc im ca cm bin siu m ............................... 06
2. Thng s mt s loi cm bin siu m SRF..................................... 06
3. Cc dng pic v cch la chn vi iu khin pic 16F877A ..................
Chng III: Thit k phn cng: cm bin siu m HC-SR04 v vi iu khin
16F877A
1.Cm bin siu m HC-SR04 v c im k thut ............................ 09
1.1 Gii thiu ........................................................................................ 09
1.2 Thng s k thut ............................................................................ 09
1.3 Tnh ton khong cch .........................................................................
1.4 Hot ng pht v nhn phn hi sng m ca HC-SR04 ..................
2. S lc v cc chn ca Pic 16F877A .............................................. 11
3. Giao tip gia cm bin siu m HC-SR04 v vi iu khin
16F877A ................................................................................................ 13
4. ng dng ca cm bin siu m HC-SR04 ....................................... 19
PHN III: Kt lun .............................................................................................. 21
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
PHN I: M U
Chng I : TNG QUAN
1. t vn
Ngy nay vi s pht trin vt bc ca x hi, c bit l trong cc ngnh k
thut. Khi m cc sn phm mi lin tc ra i, nhng vt liu ni tri hn, cng
ngh mi cng ra i Song song th nhu cu ca con ngi i vi s tin b
ca x hi cng ngy cng khc khe hn. c bit khi ngnh cng ngh s, tr tu
nhn to ra i n cng len li mi lnh vc ca x hi. ng dng ca vi iu khin
vo cc ngnh cng ngh ny l rt ln.
Tuy nhin o c nhng gi tr ca cc linh kin hay thit b ta phi s
dng mt thit b chuyn dng l o khong cch bng sng siu m.
Trong ti ny ta ch tm hiu v nghin cu v sng siu m bng cch dng Vi
iu khin.
Trong qu trnh lm d rt c gng nhng vn khng trnh nhng sai v
thiust
Rt mong nhn c nhng ng gp chn thnh ca qu thy c v cc bn c
th thc hin tt hn cho cc ln tip theo.
2. Tnh hnh nghin cu:
Da trn phng php nghin cu v phn tch c tnh chc nng ca cc linh
kin in t c bn ( transistor, in tr, t in,....) cc IC s (m, gii m,...) v p
dng kin thc hc, nhng ti liu c c trn tp ch, sch, v internet.....v vi
s hng n nhit tnh ca gio vin hng dn xy dng ln mt mch c chc
nng o khong cch, hot ng tt v ng vi yu cu ti.
3. Tm quan trng ca vic nghin cu
Mch o khong cch bng song siu m thuc ti n 2, y cng l nghin
cu v gip em lm quen vi vic lm n 2, lm quen vi cch hc t nghin cu,
hc tp v lm vic chung vi nhm, gip sinh vin vn dng cc kin thc hc v
cng vi s hng dn ca gio vin thc hin tt mch
4. Lnh vc ng dng:
- R b con, camera, laser...
SV: ng Quc Tun MSSV: 120710029
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
Cm bin siu m c nhiu loi, ty theo cng dng nhn bit vt trong
khong cch gn hay xa, nhn bit cc vt c tnh cht khc nhau v trong nhng
iu kin hot ng khc nhau m ngi ta cng ch to cc loi cm bin siu m
khc nhau.
1.2/ Cm bin siu m v nguyn tc TOF (Time Of Flight)
Sng siu m c truyn i trong khng kh vi tc khong 343m/s. Nu
mt cm bin pht ra sng siu m v thu v cc sng phn x ng thi, o c
khong thi gian t lc pht i ti lc thu v, th my tnh c th xc nh c
qung ng m sng di truyn tring khng gian. Qung ng i ca sng s
bng 2 ln khong cch t cm bin ti chng ngi vt, theo hng pht sng ca
siu m. Hay khong cch t cm bin n chng vt s c tnh theo nguyn l
TOF: d=v*t/2.
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
Thng tin
SRF02
SRF04
SRF05
SRF08
SRF10
SRF235
I2C/Serial
K thut s
K thut s
I2C
I2C
I2C
Range
Ti thiu
Ti a
15cm
6m
3cm
3m
3cm
4m
3cm
6m
3cm
6m
10cm
1,2m
Angle
*
450
450
450
450
600
150
Echoes
**
Mt
Mt
Mt
17
Mt
Mt
Thi gian
khc nhau
70 ms
100s 36 ms
100s 36 ms
65 ms
65 ms
10 ms
Ghi ch
Ch thch:
*: c tnh gc ca hnh nn cm bin cm bin.
**: S vang ghi li bi cm bin. y l nhng ting vng ghi t c gn y
nht v c ghi mi bng mi ln khc nhau.
A: Nhng cm bin nh hn in hnh (SRF 05/04/08) kch thc.
B: Phm vi thi gian c th c iu chnh xung bng cch iu chnh c.
SV: ng Quc Tun MSSV: 120710029
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BC
AB
AD
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
S iu khin:
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
*
: ng vo reset tch cc mc thp.
* Vpp: ng vo nhn in p lp trnh khi lp
trnh cho PIC.
- Chn RA0/AN0(2), RA1/AN1(3), RA2/AN2(3): c 2 chc nng
* RA0,1,2: xut/ nhp s.
* AN 0,1,2: ng vo tng t ca knh th 0,1,2.
- Chn RA2/AN2/VREF-/CVREF+(4): xut nhp s/ ng vo tng
t caknh th 2/ nh vo in p chun thp ca b AD/ ng vo in p
chn caoca b AD.
- Chn RA3/AN3/VREF+(5): xut nhp s/ ng vo tng t knh 3/ ng
voin p chun (cao) ca b AD.
- Chn RA4/TOCK1/C1OUT(6): xut nhp s/ ng vo xung clock bn
ngoicho Timer 0/ ng ra b so snh 1.
- Chn RA5/AN4// C2OUT(7): xut nhp s/ ng vo
t n g t k n h 4 / ng vo chn la SPI ph/ ng ra b so snh 2.
- Chn RB0/INT (33): xut nhp s/ ng vo tn hiu ngt ngoi.
- Chn RB1(34), RB2(35): xut nhp s.
- Chn RB3/PGM(36): xut nhp s/ cho php lp trnh in p thp ICSP.
- Chn RB4(37), RB5(38): xut nhp s.
SV: ng Quc Tun MSSV: 120710029
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5V
Devantech
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic
Range Finder
mass
s
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GVHD: Th.S V Th ng
Code:
// RC2--ECHO
// RD1 --TRIGGER
#include "F:\NCKH 2009\PIC 16\count_timer2\count_timer2.h"
#include <lcd_lib_4bit.c>
#include <F:\NCKH 2009\PIC 16\count_timer2\def_877a.h>
#define CONVERT_TO_MICROSECONDS (20000000/((4*4)*1000000))
//BOOLEAN CCP1Captured;
int8 tram,chuc,donvi,nghin;
void convert_bcd(int8 x)
{
donvi=x%10; //chia lay phan du, so hang don vi
tram=x/100; //tach hang tram va hang chuc
chuc=x/10%10;
nghin = x/1000;
tram = tram + 0x30;
chuc = chuc + 0x30;
donvi = donvi + 0x30;
nghin = nghin +0x30;
}
/////////
#int_ccp1
void main()
{
int8 x,s;
int16 t;
LCD_init();
convert_bcd(x);
trisd = 0x02;
trisc = 0x04;
//---hien thi LCD--LCD_putchar("anh_gioi");
LCD_putcmd(0xC0);
LCD_putchar("S = ");
LCD_putcmd(0xC9);
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LCD_putchar(" Cm");
//-- khai bao timer-capture ---setup_timer_1(T1_INTERNAL | T1_DIV_BY_4);
setup_ccp1(CCP_CAPTURE_RE);
enable_interrupts(INT_CCP1); // Setup interrupt on falling edge
enable_interrupts(GLOBAL);
while(true)
{
//---- 10uS cho trgger ---output_high(pin_d1);
delay_us(10);
output_low(pin_d1);
//-- Wait for senser output to go high ---if(input(pin_c2)==0)
{
t = 0;
set_timer1(0);
LCD_putcmd(0xCE);
LCD_putchar("NO");
}
else
{
t = CCP_1; //doc thoi gian khi co xung cao
s = t/58;
convert_bcd(s);
//time = get_timer1();
LCD_putcmd(0xCE);
LCD_putchar("CO");
//time = time/CONVERT_TO_MICROSECONDS; //chuyen doi ra mcrogiay
}
///// hien thi len gia tri LCD//////
LCD_putcmd(0xC4);
LCD_putchar(nghin);
LCD_putcmd(0xC5);
LCD_putchar(tram);
LCD_putcmd(0x6);
LCD_putchar(chuc);
LCD_putcmd(0xC7);
LCD_putchar(donvi);
}
}
- Chng trnh ny khng th hin trn protues v khng c sng siu m HC-SR04
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4/ Mt s ng dng ca HC-SR04:
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