BI GING MN HC C SVN HA VIT NAM TS.

TRN QUANG KHNH

GII THIEU CHNG TRNH MON C S VAN HOA VIT NAM

@ Mon c s van hoa VN: se hoc trong 3 n v hoc trnh gom 45 tiet @ Tai lieu tham khao: - C s van hoa cua Gs. Tran Quoc Vng - C s van hoa cua Gs Ts Tran Ngoc Them @ Noi dung nghien cu: Phan 1: Mot so van e chung ve van hoa va VH Viet Nam 2 Phan 2: Nhng thanh to cua van hoa

PHN I: TONG QUAN VE VAN HOA VA VAN HOA VIT NAM

I- VAN HOA LA G?
1- KHAI NIEM:
VAN HOA LA H THNG HU C NHNG GIA TR VAT CHAT VA TINH THAN C CON NGI SNG TAO V TCH LY RA TRONG QUA TRNH SONG, TON TAI VA PHAT TRIEN

2- CC C TRNG CA VAN HOA

1. Vn ha c tnh h thng 2. Vn ha c tnh gi tr. 3. Vn ha c tnh nhn sinh 4. Vn ha c tnh lch s

3- CC CHC NNG CA VN HA

Chc nng t chc x hi Chc nng iu chnh x hi Chc nng giao tip Chc nng gio dc
5

4-VN HA VI VN MINH VN HIN, VN VT

@ Vn ha: - Cha c gi tr vt cht v tinh thn @ Vn minh: - Ch yu thin v gi tr vt cht, k thut - Cho bit trnh pht trin - C tnh quc t - Gn nhiu hn vi phng Ty, th
6

VN HA VI VN MINH, VN HIN, VN VT @ Vn hin: Thin v gi tr tinh thn C tnh truyn thng @ Vn vt: Thin v gi tr vt cht ( nhn ti, di tch, hin vt )

IM CHUNG CA VN HA VN HIN V VN VT

u c b dy lch s C tnh dn tc Gn b nhiu vi phng ng nng nghip

II- VN HA VIT NAM

I- C S HNH THANH VAN HOA NGI
VIET

A/ Nhng iu kin bn trong

1- nh v van hoa Viet Nam

Vit Nam thucVng VH Phng ong: @X nong -> ma nhieu -> Tao song ngoi, va nhng vung ong bang @ C dan song bang nghe trong trot, quan c, on nh, gn vi thin nhin @ Hnh thanh van hoa gc nong 9 nghiep

II- VN HA VIT NAM

2- Van

hoa phng Tay:

a hnh bang phang => Tao ra nhng ong c rng ln

Moi trng kh hau kho

Chan nuoi phat trien Dan c co loi song du muc Hnh thanh van hoa goc du muc => Rt khc bit vi VH Phng ng
10

VN HA VIT NAM
I- C S HNH THANH VAN HOA
NGI VIET

A/ Nhng iu kin bn trong 3 -ac iem con ngi Viet nam @ Mnh t con ngi xut hin sm => Tnh bn a c khng nh @ Cng vi qu trnh thin di cc lung dn c @ => Ch th l quc gia a dn tc, th hin tnh a dng
11

VN HA VIT NAM
C S HNH THANH VAN HOA NGI VIET

A/ Nhng iu kin bn trong

4- c im lch s: l: Lch s dng v gi nc @ Thi k 18 th Vua Hung ( 2500 nm ) @ TK 1000 nm Bc thuc @ TK 1000 nm ginh v gi ch quyn @ TK h thc dn ( 80 nm ) @ Tky giai phong dan toc va khang chin chng ngoai xm @ Tky xy dng t nc 12

VN HA VIT NAM
C S HNH THANH VAN HOA NGI VIET

B/ Nhng nh hng bn ngai 1- Khng gian vn ha @ Khng gian gc ca VH Vit Nam: Nm khu vc c tr ca Ngi Nam - Bch Vit => Nam sng Dng T -> Bc Trung B Vit Nam

=> c nh hnh trn nn khng gian vn ha ng Nam

13

VN HA VIT NAM
C S HNH THANH VAN HOA NGI VIET B/ Nhng nh hng bn ngai 1- Khng gian vn ha @ L ni giao im ca cc nn vn ha: Giao lu vi VH Trung Quc, n => o Pht v cc o Lao, Nhoxm nhp Giao lu vi cc nc ng nam Trong giao lu vi Chm Pa l su m nht

14

VN HA VIT NAM
C S HNH THANH VAN HOA NGI VIET B/ Nhng nh hng bn ngai @-nh hng ca vn ha Phng Ty: - Kito giao - Php - M @- Hc thuyt Mc L Nin

15

III- TIN TRNH VN HA VIT NAM

1/ Lp vn ha bn a: @- Giai an vn ha tin s - Hnh thnh x hi lai ngi - Nn kinh t hi lm, sn bn @- Giai an vn ha Vn Lang u Lc - Khang gia thin nin k th III tr CN - Ngh nng nghip la nc, k ngh luyen kim pht trin ng ng Sn - Ch viet, van hoa ban a Viet co phat trien - C cau to chc trieu nh ( Chia at 16 nc thanh 15 bo, he thong Lac hau,

TIN TRNH VN HA VIT NAM

2/ Lp vn ha giao lu vi vn ha Trung Hoa v khu vc: @- Giai an van hoa TK chng Bc thuc

( Khi u t trc cng nguyn ) * thc i khng trc nguy c xm lc * S suy tn ca vn minh Vn Lang u Lc - S suy thai t nhin - S tn ph ca k xm lc * M u cho giai an giao lu tip bien VH Trung Hoa v khu vc
Tom lai: Ve van hoa va co dung hoa, chon loc t nguyen, va b cng che 17

TIN TRNH VN HA VIT NAM

2/ Lp vn ha giao lu vi vn ha Trung Hoa v khu vc: @ Giai an vn ha i Vit ( 938 1802 )
* ay la giai oan gianh quyen t chu at nc => Co nhieu ong gop cho nen van hoa VN * Bat au t Ngo Quyen -> het nha Tay Sn * ac iem: - VH dan gian - Che o thi c, - Bo may hanh chnh v.v c to chc va chu trong duy tr va phat huy - Phat giao i Ly Tran, Nho giao i Le at en o cng thnh. - Cac cuoc m at xuong Phng Nam
18

TIN TRNH VN HA VIT NAM

3/ Lp vn ha giao lu vi vn ha Phng Tay: @ Giai an vn ha i Nam ( 1802 1858 )
* Cai cach to chc cua Nha Nguyen

- Chong Au hoa, y thc bao ton VH dan toc, ao dai khan ong, e toc nhuom rang

* Giai oan Trnh Nguyen phan tranh * ay la thi ky xuat hien s xam nhap truyen giao t Phng Tay * Xuat hien 2 xu hng: - Au hoa, m ca, lai cang, co suy van minh phng Tay

19

TIN TRNH VN HA VIT NAM

3/Lp vn ha giao lu vi vn ha
Phng Tay:
@ Giai an vn ha hien ai:
* Thi ky 1945 -1954 * Thi ky 1954 - 1975 * Thi ky 1954 - 1975

20

PHN II- THNH T CA VN HA VIT NAM

@ Chng ta s nghin cu cc yu t: * Vn ha nhn thc - Nhn thc v khng gian - Nhn thc v thi gian - Nhn thc v con ngi * Vn ha t chc - T chc i sng tp th - T chc i sng c nhn * Vn ha ng x - ng x vi mi trng t nhin - ng x vi mi trng x hi
21

I- VAN HOA NHN THC

Van hoa nhan thc cua ngi Viet:

Se trnh bay: @ Nhan thc ve vu tru - T tng xuat phat - Cau truc khong gian - Cau truc thi gian @ Nhan thc ve con ngi
22

VAN HOA NHN THC

I- Nhn thc v v tr 1- Triet ly Am dng cua c dan nong nghiep C dan nong nghiep ch quan tam: - S sinh soi nay n cua hoa mau - S duy tr noi giong Trc quan ban u ca h l: - Tri t => Hoa mu - Cha M => To ra con ci
23

VAN HOA NHN THC

@ Qua Triet ly Am dng, T : => Hnh thanh ra cac cap oi lap => Khai niem Am Dng xuat hien ac tnh am: Mem deo, tnh cam, cham, tnh, hng noi ac tnh dng: Manh me, cng rn, nhanh, ong, phat trien, hng ngoai
24

VAN HOA NHN THC @- Hai qui luat Am- Dng: => Khong co g hoan toan am hoac dng, trong am co dng, trong dng co am
=> Am - Dng gan bo mat thiet vi nhau, van ong chuyen hoa cho nhau

25

VAN HOA NHN THC

@ Triet ly Am- Dng va tnh cach
ngi Viet To ra:

=> Triet ly song bnh quan: Khong cc

oan, de d hoa, khong mat long, sng hi ha vi thin nhin => Kha nang thch nghi cao: Linh hoat, lac quan => Co loi t duy tong hp mang am tnh bien chng
26

VAN HOA NHN THC

2- Nhan thc ve cau truc khong gian: => Khong gian vu tru la mot pham tru rong ln, phc tap => Vu tru la s van ong khong ngng * T ci nhn cp i: M hnh 2 yu t =>* Mo hnh Tam tai:
o la mo hnh nhn vu tru bang mo hnh 3 yeu to
27

VAN HOA NHN THC 2- Nhan thc ve cau truc khong gian:
*Mo hnh Ngu hanh: o la mo hnh nhn vu tru bang mo hnh 5 yeu to La s phat trien t Tam Tai, the hien s nang ong, thch ng trc s phat trien, giai thch vu tru ay la 5 loai quan he c ban vi tnh khai quat cao: Kim, moc, thuy, hoa, tho 28 o: Tho la trung tam

VAN HOA NHN THC

*Mo hnh Ngu hanh ( Tip ):
5 hanh co moi tng sinh va tng khac: Tng Sinh: Thuy sinh moc-> hoa-> Tho -> Kim Tng khac: Thuy khac hoa, hoa khac kim, kim khac moc

*So Sanh quan niem cau truc khong gian VH VN: Thai cc->lng nghi ->Tam tai -> ngu hanh 29

VAN HOA NHN THC 3- Nhan thc ve cau truc thi gian: * Lch am- dng: San pham loi t duy tong hp
Ket hp viec xem xet chu ky mat trang va mat tri => Tac ong vao trai at Phan anh s bien oi cua thi tiet co tnh chu ky
30

VAN HOA NHN THC

3- Nhan thc ve cau truc thi gian: * He em: He Can - Chi S dung cac yeu to bieu trng Hnh tng cac con vat gan gui vi i song He Can gom 10 yeu to do 5 hanh phoi hp: Giap-At, Bnh-inh, Mau- ky, Canh- Tan, Nham- Qui He Chi: Gom 12 con vat Ty, su, dan, mao, thn, t, ngo, mui, than, 31 dau, tuat, hi.

VAN HOA NHN THC

4- Nhan thc ve con ngi: - Con ngi la mot tieu vu tru - Con ngi cung co am dng - Con ngi cung co cau truc mo hnh 5 yeu to ( Ngu hanh ) Nh ngu tang:Than, tam,can, phe, ty Ngu giac:Tai, li, mat, mui, mieng 5 cht cu to c th: Xng, huyt, gn, da, tht v.v
32

II- VAN HOA T CHC Van hoa To chc bao gm:

Vn ha to chc i sng cng ng @T chc nng thn @T chc Quc Gia @To chc th Vn ha t chc i sng c nhn: @ Tn ngng @ Phong tc @ Giao tip @ Thng thc ngh thut
33

VAN HOA T CHC I- Van hoa To chc cng ng:

1- To chc nong thon @Theo huyet thong @Theo a ban c tru: Xom, lang => Xa @To chc theo nghe nghiep, s thch: Phng, hoi @ To chc theo truyen thong: Giap => VH Vit nam l VH lng x vi 2 c trng: - Tnh cng ng - Tnh t tr
34

VAN HOA T CHC I- Van hoa to chc i song cong ong

2- To chc o th @ o th VN do nha nc sinh ra @Thc hien chc nang hanh chnh la chu yeu @Quan he chat che vi nong thon => o th VN chu anh hng cua nong thon, b nong thon chi phoi, tham ch b nong thon hoa 35

VAN HOA T CHC

I-Van hoa to chc i song cong ong

3- To chc Quoc Gia @ Quan niem Ngi Viet: - Nc la mot cai lang ln - Vic nc l vic ca lng, ca nh
- Nc ch la m rong chc nang cua lang - Trong to chc XH Viet Nam n v trung gian gia lang va nc la khong

36

TOM LAI
@ Van hoa to chc i song tap the tao nen nhng nhom lng phan - Quoc gia: Bao gom nong thon va o th - Nong thon:Lang thuan nong, lang cong thng - o th: Bao gom phan o va phan th Quan he gia cac yeu to moi cap Ban chat la moi quan he Am - Dng @ Van hoa to chc i song tap the trong lch s am luon luon manh hn dng - Kha nang bao ton manh hn kha nang phat trien - Tao ra s/ manh chong ng/ xam, chong ong hoa - Am cang thnh th dng cang suy -> Bao thu, km ham s phat trien, oi mi
37

VAN HOA TO CHC I SONG CA NHAN

Van hoa to chc i song ca nhan la mot bo phan trong van hoa cong ong No c to chc tren cac mat: * Nhan thc the gii -> Tn ngng * T at mnh vao nhng qui nh e ieu chnh -> Phong tuc * Giao tiep vi t cach la mot thanh vien C 38 * Nay sinh nhu cau thng thc

VAN HOA TO CHC I SONG CA NHAN

I- TN NGNG 1- Tn ngng phon thc: Xuat phat t moi trng song, c dan nong nghiep ch quan tam: * S sinh soi nay n cua hoa mau * Van e duy tr giong noi => Xuat hien tn ngng phon thc ( Phon: nhieu, thc: nay n ) => ay chnh la viec ton th c quan sinh duc nam n va hanh vi giao phoi
39

VAN HOA TO CHC I SONG CA NHAN

2- TN NGNG SUNG BAI T NHIEN

@ ay la san pham cua moi trng song - Song phu thuoc vao t nhien - Khong giai thch c t nhien - Nhu cau i song tam linh @ The hien: * Tn ngng a than, do chat am tnh trong /s nong nghiep + tn ngng phon thc nen thien ve sung bai, 40 ton th nhieu n than

VAN HOA TO CHC I SONG CA NHAN

2- TN NGNG SUNG BAI T NHIEN @ The hien ( Tiep ): * Th ong vat, thc vat: T Tien rong en nhat ieu, nh xa, tam ng, t tng ( Chim, ran, ca, sau ) TN NGNG SUNG BAI CON NGI * Th cung to tien, ong ba * Th nhng ngi co cong vi cong 41 ong

VAN HOA TO CHC I SONG CA NHAN

3- PHONG

TUC

@ Phong tuc: Phong: Gio Tuc: Thoi quen @ Mot hnh thc ieu chnh ca nhan theo nhng qui nh cong ong @ ac iem phong tuc: Rat de lan rong PHONG TUC HON NHAN * Hon nhan phai the hien quyen li gia toc * Hon nhan phai ap ng quyen li cong ong lang xa 42 * Sau quyen li cong ong mi ti

VAN HOA TO CHC I SONG CA NHAN

3- PHONG TUC 3.1- PHONG TUC TANG MA

@ Bieu hien 2 quan niem: * a tien ngi mat ve the gii ben kia * Xot thng, coi chet la het @Phong tuc tang le tham nhuan triet ly am dng ngu hanh Phng Nam * The hien: Trong trang phuc,lay trc linh cu, chon hng chon
43

VAN HOA TO CHC I SONG CA NHAN

3- PHONG TUC 3.2- PHONG TUC LE TET; LE HOI

@ Le tet: - Thien ve i song vat chat - La he thong phan bo theo thi gian - Le tet ong, gii han trong moi gia nh - Le tet duy tr quan he ton ti trat t gia cac thanh vien trong gia nh @ Le hoi: - Thien ve i song tinh than 44 - Phan bo theo khong gian, mang tnh m

4- NHNG AC TRNG VAN HOA GIAO TIEP CUA NGI VIET Ve thai o:Ngi Vit coi trng giao tiep - Thch giao tiep -> boc lo qua thai o - Thch tham vieng, hieu khach Ve quan he giao tip: Ngi Vit lay t/ cam lam nguyen tac ng x Ve oi tng giao tiep: Ngi Vit 45 a:

4- NHNG AC TRNG VAN HOA GIAO TIEP CUA NGI VIET . Ve gc ch th giao tip: - Ngi Vit trng danh d
- Mat trai: S dien, s c che tin on, d luan

Ve cch thc giao tip: - Ngi Vit a s t nh, trng s ha thun

- Mat trai: Hay vong vo, an o, can nhac, thieu quyet oan, hay nhng nhn

Nghi thc li ni: Ngi Vit rt phong ph

@ H thng xng h phong ph, qua:
46

5- NGHE THUAT NGON T VIET NAM

Ngon ng la linh hon cua dan toc: @ Ngon t Viet Nam co tnh bieu trng cao:
* Xu hng khai quat c le *Trong s can oi hai hoa trong mot cau -> oi xng * Chat th trong ngon t * Ngon ng giau am ieu -> tao tnh nhac, cha ng a tiet tau 47

NGHE THUAT NGON T VIET NAM

@ Ngon t Viet Nam giau chat bieu cam, giau thanh ieu: * Bieu cam thong qua yeu to t goc * T lay c s dung rat pho bien -> van am iec
@ Ngon t Viet Nam the hien tnh ong, linh hoat * Ng phap la ng ieu * Kha nang khai quat cao * Tieng Viet a dung cau truc chu ong 48

NGHE THUAT THANH SAC VA HNH KHOI

@ Nghe thuat thanh sac: * Bao gom cac loai hnh ca, mua, nhac, kch-> coi trong thanh sac @ Nghe thuat hnh khoi: Bao gom: * Hoi hoa : Hnh * ieu khac: Khoi

49

NGHE THUAT THANH SAC VA HNH KHOI @ Tnh bieu trng cua nghe thuat thanh sac Hnh khoi: * S dung bieu tng c le e dien at, the hien tren cac mat: - Nguyen ly oi xng - Thu phap c le - Thu phap mo hnh hoa -> Tao nen mot nen nghe thuat trang tr * S dung tnh bieu trng e nhan manh, lam noi bat trong tam trong nghe thuat hnh khoi la pho bien, nh: - Thu phap 2 goc nhn 50 - Thu phap nhn xuyen vat the

NGHE THUAT THANH SAC VA HNH KHOI @ Tnh bieu cam cua nghe thuat thanh sac Hnh khoi: - Am nhac, dan ca, muathien ve dien ta tnh cam - Mua khong am , on ao, luon tron trnh, mem mai - Trong nghe thuat hnh khoi khong tao ra nhng tac pham chien tranh, au ri mau chay, rung rn => Tat ca eu khuynh hng bieu cam, trong tnh @Tnh tong hp cua nghe thuat thanh sac Hnh khoi: 51 - Khong co s phan biet cac loai hnh ca

NGHE THUAT THANH SAC VA HNH KHOI @Tnh tong hp cua nghe thuat Thanh sac Hnh khoi ( Tiep ): - Ve phong cach the hien:Co s tong hp cua bieu trng va ta thc @ Tnh linh hoat nghe thuat thanh sac: - Khong oi hoi nhac cong chi giong nhau - Khong oi hoi dien vientuan thu mot cach chat che,bai ban cua tch dien - San khau truyen thong co s giao lu mat thiet vi ngi xem: Dien ngay san nh, co ngi lang cam chau, khan gia52 co

VAN HOA NG X
Chng ta s nghin cu: @ VH ng x vi mi trng t nhin - n - Mc - , i li.. @ VH ng x vi mi trng x hi: - Giao lu vi cc lung VH
53

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN

I- VAN HOA AM THC VIET NAM

@ Quan niem ve an cua ngi Viet: * Ngi Viet coi trong van e an uong, moi hoat ong eu lay an lam au - n ung, n ni, n chi, n cp - C thc mi vc c o - n l nhiu, bao nhiu * Ngi Viet coi an uong la van hoa; Trong an uong ngi Viet boc lo rat ro dau an truyen thong van hoa nong nghiep lua nc
54

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN I- VAN HOA AM THC VIET NAM @ C cau ve ba an cua ngi Viet * Thien ve thc vat: Trc lua gao -> rau qua -> cac loai gia v, ma no thc ny * Sau thc vat mi la ong vat, nhng thuy san la thong dung(SP ac thu vung song nc ) - Thuy san c che bien: Thanh nc mam, mam cac loai rat phong phu, tien s dung * Sau thuy san mi en tht - Tht chiem mot v tr khiem ton - Chu yeu la gia cam 55 @ o uong- hut: Kha phong phu

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN I- VAN HOA AM THC VIET NAM @ ac trng trong c cau ba an cua ngi Viet * Tnh tong hp: Trong pha che thc an: - u moi chat: am, beo, bot, nc - u ngu v:man, ngot, chua, cay - u ngu sac * Tnh tong hp con the hien trong cach an: - Mam cm nhieu mon, an 1 mieng cung nhieu mon - Khi an cam nhan u moi giac quan: Mui ngi, li nem,mat nhn, tai nghe 56 * Cai ngon cua ba an Viet la cai ngon

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN I- VAN HOA AM THC VIET NAM @ ac trng trong c cau ba an cua ngi Viet * Tnh cong ong: - An chung: T noi cm, bat canh, nc mam - Thch chuyen tro trong ba an - Khi ngoi phai y t * Tnh mc thc: - Khong an nhanh qua, cham qua - Khong an qua no, qua t - Khong an het, khong e tha nhieu 57

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN I- VAN HOA AM THC VIET NAM @ ac trng trong c cau ba an cua ngi Viet * Tnh linh hoat: - S dung cong cu an nh oi ua - Kha nang chon mon trong ba an * Tnh bien chng: - Ngi Viet chu y quan he am dng: -> Trong an uong, trong c the,trong quan he vi t nhien - An uong phai hp vi thi tiet, ung mua 58 - Phai chon ung thc pham e pha che

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN II- VAN E MAC @ Quan niem cua ngi Viet trong van e mac: - Mac rat thiet thc nham oi pho vi thi tiet - Mac co y ngha xa hoi - Mac la bieu tng cua dan toc @ Chat lieu mac: - Co nguon goc t thc vat: T ay, t gai, bong - Trang phuc ao, khan, vay phu hp thi tiet, ung mua, tien li trong sinh hoat, SX va the hien quan niem tn 59 ngng

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN III- VAN E @ Quan nien ve cua ngi Viet: - Ngoi nha la to am gia nh - Nha e oi pho vi thi tiet - Nha phu hp vi moi trng song nc Va co nhng ac iem sau: @ Kien truc nha ngi Viet: - Thien hng nha cao ca rong: on gio, tranh nang - Chon hng nha, hng at -> thuat phong thuy - Rat ong va linh hoat t tam thc, 60 khung, mong

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG T NHIEN

VAN E I LAI ( Phan nay tham khao tai lieu )

61

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O:
VAN HOA CHAM 1-Vai yeu to a van hoa - lch s cua ngi Cham: *Ve a ly:Ven bien mien Trung, chu yeu t vung Nam song Gianh keo dai en vung Bnh Thuan ngay nay - a hnh c dan ngi Cham song: Doc, hep, at ai kho can, mot ben la bien, ben la nui - Kh hau khac nghiet, khu vc thng 62 xay ra ma lu, han han

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA CHAM *Ve lch s: - Nhng nam au CN, vung at ngi Cham sinh song, cung nh mot so lanh tho khac NA la thuoc a cua TQ - T TK th 2 Ngi Cham lap quoc Quoc hieu au tien la Lam Ap -> thoat khoi o ho cua TQ - Cham la rut gon cua t ChamPa ten nha nc Cham hung manh vao thi Che Bong Nga TK 14 ( Am Viet hoa la Cham, Han Viet la Chiem63 Thanh )

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O:
VAN HOA CHAM 1-Vai yeu to a-van hoa-lch s cua ngi Cham ( Tip ): * Do ieu kien cua moi trng song: Con ngi Cham phai: - Vat lon vi thien nhien - Gianh giat vi cac nc lang gieng =>Tao tnh cach ngi Cham: Cng ran, cng ngh, thngvo va co phan hieu chien 64

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA CHAM 2-Vai net ve van hoa An o va con ng tiep can van hoa ban a cham: - An o la mot quoc gia Nam A a sac toc, a van hoa - Noi en An o la noi en ni khi thuy phat sinh ra ao Phat, Balamon, ao Hoi, Hinu - T nhng nam au CN cac thng nhan ngi An, oi quan truyen giao cung VH An a en Viet Nam Nhat la khi ngi Cham lap quoc. 65 - VH An en bang ng bien, en

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA

CHAM

3- ac trng cua van hoa cham:

@ Van hoa Cham la san pham cua s dung hp nhieu nguon van hoa: * VH ban a: Moi trng song cua ngi cham la moi trng nong nghiep nen t triet ly am dng trong nhan thc, en tn ngng sung bai t nhien, tn ngng phon thnh => Rat ac trng, ien hnh va chi phoi
66

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA CHAM

3- ac trng cua van hoa cham ( Tiep ): *VH khu vc: S giao thoa, tiep xuc vi cac nc lang gieng * Van hoa An o: Hap thu ao Balamon ( Quoc ao cua An o khi Phat giao lui tan) ao Balamon th chua te cac loai than -> Nguon goc cua vu tru, hien 3 ngoi, 3 v than: Than sang tao Brahma 67 Than Bao ton Visnu

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA

CHAM

3-ac trng cua van hoa cham:

@ Van hoa Cham la san pham cua s dung nap co chon loc vi s bao ton va phan anh van hoa ban a, khu vc ro net the hien tnh Cham hoa * Qua cau trucCham: - Giai oan 1 tiep nhan nguyen goc: Kien truc thap theo bo 3, song song th 68 3 than -> Coi trong than sang tao

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA

CHAM

3-ac trng cua van hoa cham( Tiep ):

Giai oan 3: Quan the kien truc co thap Trung tam th than Siva va cac thap phu vay quanh - Than Siva than sc manh phu hp vi chat dng tnh cua ngi Cham Thien ve sc manh Tnh cach ban a c boc lo, chi phoi => Ngi Cham a bien Balamon giao 69 thanh Siva giao

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA

CHAM

3-ac trng cua van hoa cham la san

pham cua s dung nap co chon loc ( Tiep ) *The hien qua hnh dang: - Thap Cham eu co hnh dang ngon nui -> bieu trng cho thien nhien Mien Trung -> phan anh chat dng tnh trong tnh cach ban a cua van hoa Cham Nui dng. - Co nhng cum thap, nhng thap phu70

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA CHAM

3-ac trng cua van hoa cham la san pham cua s dung nap co chon loc ( Tiep ) *The hien qua chc nang cua thap: - Chc nang ao goc la th than. - Chc nang sau khi tiep nhan: La va th than, va co tnh chat lang mo( Thap tieng Cham: Kalan lang ) *The hien qua ieu khac: - Trong thap Siva c coi trong va th nhieu nhat - Vat c th nhieu nhat la Linga- sinh kh thc nam => Than, vat c th co cung ban chat 71 dng tnh

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

I- GIAO LU VI AN O: VAN HOA

CHAM

Ket luan: *Ngi Cham tiep thu van hoa An o

theo cach cua mnh e roi co mot nen van hoa Cham oc ao nh ngay nay: - Bien ao Balamon thanh ao Ba Cham - Bien ao Hoi ( du nhap sau nay) thanh ao Ba Ni 72 * ieu nay khang nh sc manh cua

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI II- PHAT GIAO VAN HOA VIET NAM 1-S hnh thanh va noi dung c ban cua phat giao: *Phat giao hnh thanh An o vao TK th V trc CN - Theo cac nha s vao VN trc tiep t au cong nguyen. Sau tiep tuc c truyen t Trung Hoa * Thc chat cua ao phat: ay la hoc thuyet ve noi kho va s giai thoat - Ban chat noi kho -> Nguyen vong khong c thoa man - Nguyen nhan: Do dung vong ham muon 73

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

II- PHAT GIAO VAVAN HOA VIET

NAM Van hoaViet Nam trong qua trnh tiep xuc a tao ra mot phat giao rieng cua mnh

2- ac iem phat giao Viet Nam *Phat giao viet Nam mang tnh tong hp:
- Phat giao tiep xuc vi cac tn ngng truyen thong dan toc => He thong chua thc chat la nhng en mieu dan gian: Va th Phat, th cac v than, thanh, ngi co cong vi cong ong,ke ca cho nhng linh hon, vong74

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI II- PHAT GIAO VAVAN HOA VIET NAM 2- ac iem phat giao Viet Nam *Phat giao Viet Nam co xu hng hai hoa am dng va thien ve n tnh: - Cac v Phat An eu la an ong sang VN co ca phat ba, Phat giao VN cai bien Quan the am bo tat thanh Ba quan am nghn tay nghn mat - V than ho menh cua c dan vung song nc - Ngi Viet con tao ra Phat mau, phat to rieng - VN co nhieu chua mang ten cac Ba 75 - ay chnh la dau an cua van hoa nong

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI II- PHAT GIAO VAVAN HOA VIET NAM 2- ac iem phat giao Viet Nam ( Tiep ) *Phat giao Viet Nam hien than cua s linh hoat: - Tao ra mot lch s vat giao rieng, co ngay phat an 8/4 ngay sinh phat to VN - Ngi Viet coi trong viec song phuc c, trung thc -> cho phep tu tai gia - Coi th gia tien ong ba cao hn th phat - Phat c ong nhat vi cac v than - Tng phat mang dang dap hien hoa vi nhng ten goi dan gian gan gui - Ngoi chua c thiet ke nh ngoi nha ngi 76 Viet -> tao cam giac gan gui, con la ni

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

III- NHO GIAO VAVAN HOA VIET NAM

1/ Nho giao ? La he thong giao ly cua cac nha nho ( nhng ngi co hoc trong XH ) nham to chc xa hoi co hieu qua do Khong T ( Sinh nam 551 tr CN ) sang lap 2/ Noi dung c ban cua Nho giao: Khong T cho rang muon to chc c xa hoi phai ao tao nhng ngi cai tr co nhng c tnh: Tu Than: - ao ( 5 ao ): ao vua toi, cha con, v chong, anh em, ban be 77 - c: Nhan, ngha, le, tr, tn

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

III- NHO GIAO VAVAN HOA VIET NAM

2/ Noi dung c ban cua Nho giao: Hanh ong: Bang nhan tr va chnh danh Nhan tr: - Cai tr bang tnh ngi - Coi trong dan chu Chnh danh: - Phai ng vi ten goi 78 - phai ang hoang

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI III- NHO GIAO VAVAN HOA VIET NAM 4/ ac iem cua nho giao Viet Nam :
* Trong 1000 nam Bac thuoc, nho giao cha co cho ng Viet Nam * Di thi Ly Thai To (1070 ) Nho giao c tiep nhan ng vi nha Tong ben Trung Quoc * VN tiep thu nho giao la tiep nhan tng yeu to rieng le va Viet hoa theo cach cua mnh . Chu yeu khai thac nhng yeu to the manh cua nho giao. Cu the: - Nhn nho giao nh mot cong cu van hoa - Hoc tap cach to chc trieu nh va he thong luat Phap - He thong thi c, cai tien ch Nho thanh ch Nom 79

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

IV- AO GIAO VAVAN HOA VIET NAM * Hnh thanh vao Tk th 2 sau CN do Lao
T va Trang T sang lap * Tren c s thuyet vo vi vi triet ly ton trong t nhien, tham nhuan tinh than bien chng am dng, khong lam g thai qua ma phai hoa nhap vi t nhien e ieu chnh * Ngi Viet san mang trong mnh t tng phan khang giai cap thong tr, s dung ao giao ( Phu thuy nhng80

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI V- PHNG TAY VI VAN HOA VIET NAM 1/ Kito giao vi van hoa Viet Nam * Ngi phng Tay a en Viet nam vao nhng nam au Cong nguyen; Sau thi trung co giao lu b gian oan * Nam 1533 xuat hien nha truyen ao au tien, sau o cac giao s Bo ao Nha, Tay Ban Nha xuat hien ngay mot ong truyen ao Kito. Kito giao ten goi chung cua cac tong phai cung th chua Jesus Ton giao cua nhng ngi b ap bc * ay la thi iem: Che o phong kien Viet Nam khung khoang tram trong, phat giao suy oi, nho giao be81

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

V- PHNG TAY VI VAN HOA VIET

NAM

1/ Kito giao vi van hoa Viet Nam * Tuy vao VN nhng Kito giao khong co cho ng vng chac va rong khap, v: - Nhng giao s phng tay dnh lu va thoa hiep vi bon xam lc - Kito giao mang am tnh cng ran cua van hoa Phng tay -> Kho hoa ong c vi Vh Viet Nam 82 * Sau o cac nha truyen giao cung co

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

V- PHNG TAY VI VAN HOA

VIET NAM 2/ Anh hng cua van hoa Phng Tay vi van hoa Viet Nam: * Lnh vc vat chat: - XD o th - Cac nganh cong nghiep - Kien truc - Giao thong * Lnh vc tinh than: - Ch viet 83 - Bao ch

VAN HOA NG X VI MOI TRNG XA HOI

TOM LAI

Van hoa ng x vi moi trng xa hoi o chnh la qua trnh chon loc, dung hp va tch hp nhieu nguon van hoa => Tao ra VH Viet Nam. o la qua trnh: * Dung hp gia van hoa ban a va van hoa ngoai lai -> Boc lo tnh chu ong va kha nang chi phoi, tac ong tr lai cua van hoa ban a trong qua trnh tiep nhan. * S dung hp gia cac hien tng van hoa ngoai lai vi nhau - S ton tai cua Tam giao ( Phat giao, Lao giao, Nho giao) -> Tong hp cac ton giao - xuat hien ao Cao 84 ai

VAN HOA VIET NAM

KET LUAN Chnh moi trng t nhien, qua trnh phat trien lch s- xa hoi at nc; Van hoa Viet Nam c tao dng va khang nh ban sac rieng. @ VH Viet Nam c hnh thanh tren nen VH nong nghiep ban a am net @ No c phat trien va nang cao qua qua trnh giao lu, tiep bien, tiep thu co chon loc tinh hoa Vh thch hp t ben ngoai trong qua trnh lch s. @ VH Viet Nam ang tiep tuc chuyen 85 mnh trong qua trnh hoi nhap hien nay

KE THU T C KET THUC

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