Cu 11: Trnh by nguyn l lm vic ca h truyn ng F-.

11 S nguyn l:
Phng trnh c tnh c khi iu chnh tc dng my pht:
M
) K (
R
K
U . K
M
) K (
R
K
E
2

KF F
2

F

0,5
Khi thay i U
KF
(hoc i
KF
) th ta s
c 1 h ng c tnh c song
song nhau c 4 gc phn t.
Gc phn t th I, III ng c lm
vic ch ng c quay thun
v ngc.
Gc phn t th II, IV ng c lm
vic ch my pht.
c tnh hm ng nng (E
F
= 0) i
qua gc to .
Vng nm gia trc tung () v c tnh c hm ng nng l ch
hm ti sinh ( >
0
) (Ch my pht)
Vng nm gia trc honh (M) v c tnh c hm ng nng l ch
hm ngc.
1,0
- H F linh hot trong iu chnh tc . C th t ng chuyn i
qua cc ch lm vic khi thay i tc hoc o chiu.
- Khi iu chnh E
F
th thay i tc ng c
cb
. Khi o chiu
i
ktF
th o chiu c E
F
nn o chiu tc . Nu kt hp iu chnh
v o chiu t thng th s iu chnh, o chiu c tc ng c
0,5
1

cb
.
- Tuy nhin, h thng F c nhc im l dng nhiu my in quay
nn cng knh, lm vic gy n, rung, t tin, kh nng TH thp...vv
Tng im: 2
Cu12: Trnh by nguyn l lm vic ca h truyn ng AX
12
S nguyn l:
0,5
in p hoc s.. trung bnh ca b AX:
d d
ck

tb b
U U
T
t
U E
x
x

ck

f . t
T
t
T
t

l t s chu k bm ( rng xung)
Dng in trung bnh mch phn ng l:

u
d
u
b
tb u
R
K U
R
E E
I I
Phng trnh c tnh c in v c tnh c ca h AX c dng

M
) K (
R
K
U
;
K
I R U
2
u d u u d

0,75
- c tnh c vng dng
lin tc l nhng ng
thng song song, trong tc
khng ti l tng ph
thuc vo rng xung bm:

K
U
d
0
- Xung iu khin T
1
, T
2
to
ra nh b BK vi tn s xung f
x
= 1/T
x
. Khi thay i chu k xung T
x
0,75
2
hay tn s xung f
x
s thay i thi gian m/kho T
1
, T
2
nn thay i U
b
,
U

dn n iu chnh c tc ng c.
Tng im: 2
Cu 14: Trnh by nguyn l iu chnh tc ng c in xoay
chiu bng phng php thay i tn s ngun
13
S nguyn l:
0,75
- Mun iu chnh tn s ngun f
1
dt vo stator iu chnh tc
ng c th thay i in p iu
khin U
kT
ca b bin tn p. Cn
mun iu chnh in p t vo
stator theo quy lut th thay i
in p iu khin ca b chnh
lu
- i vi h bin tn ngun p thng c yu cu gi cho kh nng qu
ti v mmen l khng i trong c phm vi iu chnh tc . Ngha l
const
M
M
th

0,5
- Ta c:
q
m 1
1
m 1
m 1
1
1
f
f
f
U
f
U

,
_

Trong q = -1;0;1;2.
- Suy ra

,
_

,
_

2
q
1
m 1
1
dm 1
1
f
f
U
U
hay dng tng i

,
_

2
q
1 *
1
*
1
f U
- Nh vy khi thay i tn s iu chnh tc ng c K ta thay
i in p sao cho tho mn iu kin trn.
0,75
Tng im: 2
3
Cu1 5: Thnh lp phng trnh vi phn m t QTQ c hc trong
truyn ng in mt chiu v v dng c tnh.
14
Phng trnh cn bng T:
dt
d
J M M
c


0,5
Gi thit c tnh c ca ng c l ng thng. Phng trnh c tnh
c dng:

0
nm
2
u
0 xl
M M
M
) K (
R
Vy
. M M
nm
0,5
Gi thit M
c
= const, l mmen ph ti
dt
d
T
dt
d J M M
dt
d
J M . M
c xl
c nm
c nm

+

Vi T
c
= J/ l hng s thi gian c hc.
0,5
Hoc c th vit theo mmen:
dt
dM 1
dt
d M M
nm

th vo phng trnh u xl c c c
M M M
dt
dM
T
dt
dM J
M M +

0,5
* Dng c tnh qu :
Ta c
xl xl qd
b b
M M ; t t
M M ; 0 t


Phng trnh c tnh qu :
C C
C C
T / t
xl xl
T / t
b
T / t
xl xl
T / t
b
e . M M e . M M
e . e .


+
+
V M
xl
= M
c
1,0
4
20
Tng im:
3
Cu 16: Trnh by QTQ in c trong T vi c tnh tuyn tnh

0
= const.
5
- Xy ra khi: Ni ng c khi ng (
0
: 0
0m
); o chiu quay;
Hm ngc; Hm ng nng; Thay i R
f
mch phn ng, hoc rto
khi M
c
= const (iu chnh tc ); Thay i ti trc ng c
T phng trnh chuyn ng ca T ta c:
T

.T
M
2
2
dt
d
+ T
M
dt
d
+ =
0
-

c
M
=
c

T

.T
M
2
2
dt
M d
+ T
M
dt
dM
+ M = M
c

Phng trnh c trng: T

.T
M
P
2
+ T
M
P + 1 =0
p
1,2
= -
d
T 2
1
t
d M
2
d
T T / 1 ) T / 1 (
0,5
Nu T
M
/T

<4 ( < 0) ta c nghim phc:

p
1,2
= -(1/2T

) t j
2
d M d
) T 2 / 1 ( ) T T / 1 ( = - t j
p

=
c
+ e
-

t
(Acos
p
t + Bsin
p
t) = f(t)
M = M
c
+ e
-

t
(C cos
p
t + D sin
p
t) = f(t)
Tm A, B, C, D thay vo phng trnh ca = f(t) ta c:
= c + e
-

t
[(
b
-
c
)cos
p
t +
P
c bd c bd
J
) ( J ) M M (

sin
p
t
M = M
c
+ e
-

t
[(M
b
- M
c
) cos
p
t +
P d
C d d bd bd
T
M T ) T 1 ( M

sin
0,5
Nu T
M
/T

= m >4 th p
1
= -
1
; p
2
= -
2
lc ny phng trnh vn tc v
mmen nh sau: =
C
+ A e
-

1
t
+ B e
-

2
t
M = M
C
+ C e
-

1
t
+ D e
-

2
t
Tm A, B, C, D xc nh theo iu kin ban u nh trn v ta c:
=
C
-
t
2 1
C bd
2 1
C bd 2
1
e
) ( J
M M ) (

1
]
1

+


-
t
2 1
C bd 1 bd C
2
e
) ( J
) ( J M M

0,5
5
20
M=M
C
-
t
2 1 d
bd bd
2 1
C bd 2
1
e
) ( T
M ) M M (

1
]
1

-
t
2 1 d
C bd d 1 bd bd
2
e
) ( T
) M M ( T ) M (



Khi m=4 vP
1
= P
2
= - phng trnh xcnh vn tc v mmen c
dng sau: =
C
+ e
-

t
(A+Bt)
M = M
C
+ e
-

t
(C+Dt)
Cc h s A, B, C, D theo iu kin ban u nh trn xt.
0,5
Tng im: 2
Cu 23: Xc nh cng sut cn thit ca ng c sinh ra khi = 25%,
nu n c th ph ti nh hnh v. Bit rng tn tht khng i khi =
25% bng 1/3 tn tht ton phn. B qua tn tht khi m my. H s to
nhit khi ng c khng quay cng nh khi ng c quay vi tc nh
mc.
23 Cng sut ng tr:
P
t
=
) kW ( 3 , 15
5 4
5 . 10 4 . 20
t . P
t
1
2 2
i
n
1
2
i
lv

+
+

0,5
6
P(Kw)
20
10
t(s)
4 5 10
T
ck
5
375 , 0
24
9
t
t
ck
i
t


Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi = 25% l: (K+ V
25
).0,25.T
ck
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi
t
l: (K+ V
t
).0,375.T
ck
Mt khc V
25
P
25
2
; V
t
P
t
2
Suy ra 25
2
25
2
t
t
V
P
P
V
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi
t
l: ck 25
2
25
2
t
T 375 , 0 ). V
P
P
K ( +
0,5
V trong 1 chu k lm vic tn tht khng i nn:
ck 25
2
25
2
t
ck 25
T 375 , 0 ). V
P
P
K ( T 25 , 0 ). V K ( + +
0,5
Vi K = 0,3.V
tp
; V
25
= 0,7.V
tp
; P
t
= 15,3(kW)
Suy ra
) kW ( 2 , 21
52 , 0
P
P
t
25

0,5
Tng im: 2
Cu 24: Xc nh tr s in tr ph cn thit mc vo mch phn ng
ca mt ng c in mt chiu kch thch song song c: P
m
=1,6kw;
U
m
=110V; n
m
=970vg/ph; I
m
=19,7A; R

= 0,6 lm vic trong ch

hm ngc, cho khi dng in trong mch phn ng bng nh mc th
tc ng c bng 0,7n
m
.
24 Phng trnh c tnh c khi hm ngc:
( )
u
dm
u
dm
dm
2
dm
u
dm
dm
I .
. K
R
. K
U
M .
. K
R
. K
U

0,5
Dng in v mmen trong mch phn ng i chiu, cn tr
chiu quay ca tc , lm tc ng c gim dn. gim dng
hm ban u ta a thm in tr ph vo mch phn ng
Biu thc dng in hm:
h u
uh dm
h
R R
E U
I
+

0,5
Theo gi thit I
h
= -I
m
;
h
= 0,7.
m
Thay vo biu thc ta c:
0,5
7
dm
h u
dm dm dm
h u
h dm dm
h u
uh dm
h
I
R R
. 7 , 0 . . K U
R R
. . K U
R R
E U
I
+

Suy ra
) ( 48 , 8 6 , 0
7 , 19
55 , 9
970
. 7 , 0 . 97 , 0 110
R
I
. 7 , 0 . . K U
R
u
dm
dm dm dm
h

+

+

) Wb ( 97 , 0
55 , 9 / 970
6 , 0 . 7 , 19 110 R . I U
K
dm
u dm dm
dm

0,5
Tng im: 2
Cu 74 (Cu hi ph ): Xc nh cng sut cn thit ca ng c
sinh ra khi = 40% khi n lm vic vi ph ti c th nh hnh v. Bit
rng tn tht khng i khi = 40% bng tn tht bin i nh mc, h s
to nhit khi ng c khng quay bng 0,6 khi ng c quay vi tc nh
mc. Tn tht khi m my c th b qua.
74
Cng sut ng tr: P
t
=
) kW ( 5 , 16
6 6
6 . 12 6 . 20
t . P
t
1
2 2
i
n
1
2
i
lv

+
+

43 , 0
28
12
t
t
ck
i
t


0,5
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi = 40% l: (K+ V
40
).0,4.T
ck
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi
t
l: (K+ V
t
).0,43.T
ck
Mt khc V
40
P
40
2
; V
t
P
t
2
;
0,5
8
P(Kw)
20
12
t(s)
6 8 8
T
ck
6
Suy ra
40
2
40
2
t
t
V
P
P
V
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi
t
l: ck 40
2
40
2
t
T 43 , 0 ). V
P
P
K ( +
V h s to nhit khi ng c khng quay nh hn khi lm vic, thi
gian ngh ch
t
v = 40% khc nhau nn s dng phng php
tn tht trung bnh c tnh n s thay i, iu kin to nhit.
P
tb40
= (K + V
40
)

= (K + V
40
).0,53
Vi
53 , 0
t 6 , 0 . 6 , 0 t 4 , 0
t 4 , 0
t t
t
ck ck
ck
ng lv
lv '

+

0,5
56 , 0 ). V
P
P
K ( ). V
P
P
K ( P
40
2
40
2
t '
40
2
40
2
t
60 tb
+ +
Vi
56 , 0
t 57 , 0 . 6 , 0 t 43 , 0
t 43 , 0
t t
t
ck ck
ck
ng lv
lv '
t

+

+

Cn bng cc tr s tn tht trung bnh ta c
) kW ( 5 , 17
89 , 0
P
P
t
40

0,5
Tng im: 2
Cu 73: Mt ng c lm vic trong ch ngn hn lp li vi tr s
ng in tng i = 25%, cng sut sinh ra l 10kW.
Xc nh cng sut cn thit ca ng c khi lm vic ch =
60%. Nu khi cng sut ph ti l 12kW th tn tht khng i ca n bng
tn tht bin i nh mc. H s to nhit khi ng c khng quay nh hn
2 ln khi quay vi tc nh mc.
73
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi = 25% l: (K+ V
25
).0,25.T
ck
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi = 60% l: (K+ V
60
).0,6.T
ck
Mt khc V
25
P
25
2
;V
60
P
60
2
;
Suy ra
25
2
25
2
60
60
V
P
P
V
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi = 60% l: ck 25 2
25
2
60
T 6 , 0 ). V
P
P
K ( +
0,5
V h s to nhit khi ng c khng quay nh hn khi lm vic, thi 0,5
9
gian ngh ch = 25% v = 60% khc nhau nn s dng phng
php tn tht trung bnh c tnh n s thay i, iu kin to nhit.
P
tb25
= (K + V
25
)

= (K + V
25
).0,4
Vi
4 , 0
2
t 75 , 0
t 25 , 0
t 25 , 0
t t
t
ck
ck
ck
ng lv
lv '

+

75 , 0 ). V
P
P
K ( ). V
P
P
K ( P
25
2
25
2
60 '
25
2
25
2
60
60 tb
+ +
Vi
75 , 0
2
t 4 , 0
t 6 , 0
t 6 , 0
t t
t
ck
ck
ck
ng lv
lv '

+

0,5
Cn bng cc tr s tn tht trung bnh ta c:

) kW ( 58 , 2
75 , 0
05 , 0
10
75 , 0
75 , 0 8 , 0
P P
25 60

0,5
Tng im: 2
Cu 72: Mt ng c lm vic trong ch ngn hn lp li vi tr s
ng in tng i = 25%, cng sut sinh ra l 12kW.
Xc nh cng sut cn thit ca ng c khi lm vic ch = 60%.
Nu khi cng sut ph ti l 12kW th tn tht khng i ca n bng 30%
tn tht ton phn. Gi thit s to nhit khi ng c quay vi tc nh
mc v khi ng c khng quay l nh nhau
72
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi = 25% l: (K+ V
25
).0,25.T
ck
Tn tht trong 1 chu k khi = 60% l: (K+ V
60
).0,6.T
ck
0,5
Mt khc V
25
P
25
2
V
60
P
60
2
Suy ra
25
2
25
2
60
60
V
P
P
V
0,5
V trong 1 chu k lm vic tn tht khng i nn:
ck 25
2
25
2
60
ck 25
T 6 , 0 ). V
P
P
K ( T 25 , 0 ). V K ( + +
1,0
Vi K = 0,3.V
tp
; V
25
= 0,7.V
tp
; P
25
= 12(kW)
Suy ra
) kW ( 86 , 4
6 , 0
257 , 0 375 , 0
12 P
60

1,0
10
Tng im: 3
11